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Day 1 RRB Clerk

The document presents a reasoning aptitude course for SBI CBO 2023, containing various logical puzzles and questions related to arrangement and relationships among individuals living in a building and their ages. It includes multiple-choice questions with specific instructions on how to deduce the answers based on given clues. The document also provides an answer key with explanations for the reasoning questions.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
40 views36 pages

Day 1 RRB Clerk

The document presents a reasoning aptitude course for SBI CBO 2023, containing various logical puzzles and questions related to arrangement and relationships among individuals living in a building and their ages. It includes multiple-choice questions with specific instructions on how to deduce the answers based on given clues. The document also provides an answer key with explanations for the reasoning questions.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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SBI CBO Bundle PDF Course 2023

Reasoning Day -1 (Eng)

Reasoning Aptitude

Directions (1-5): Study the following information the same type of flat is two more than the
carefully and answer the given questions. number of persons living below G in the same
Eleven persons - A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J and type of flat. No one lives below G in the same
K are living on four different floors of a four type of flat. K lives on one of the floors above J
storey building, where the lowermost floor is but not immediately above.
numbered one and the floor immediately above it 1. Who among the following person lives on the
is numbered two and so on. second floor?
Note-1: Each floor has three type of flats viz., I. A
Flat-P, Flat-Q and Flat-R, where Flat P is to the II. H
west of Flat Q and Flat Q is to the west of Flat R. III. J
Note-2: Flat Q of floor 2 is immediately above a) Only III
Flat Q of floor 1 and immediately below Flat Q of b) Only I and II
floor 3 and so on. Similarly, Flat P of floor 2 is c) Only II and III
immediately above Flat P of floor 1 and d) Only II
immediately below Flat P of floor 3 and so on. e) Only I and III
Flat R of floor 2 is immediately above Flat R of
floor 1 and immediately below Flat R of floor 3 2. Who among the following persons live on the
and so on same floor?
Note-3: The area of each flat on each floor is a) K and F
same. b) E and A
Note-4: Atmost three persons live on each floor c) J and D
and atmost one person lives in each plat. One of d) B and I
the flats is vacant. e) None of these
Only two floors are between I and B, both are
living in the same type of flat. I lives in the 3. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE
immediate west flat of C. D lives two floors below as per the given arrangement?
C but both are living in the same type of flat. No I. G lives to the south of I
one lives to the east of H. Only one floor is II. A lives to the west of D
between H and F but both are not living in III. H lives below K
different type of flats. E lives west of H and lives a) Only III
immediately above the flat of A. A does not live in b) Only I and II
Flat Q. The number of persons living above B in c) Only II and III

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Reasoning Day -1 (Eng)

d) Only II sitting to the left of U. The distance between W


e) Only I and III and Y is 63m. The distance between S and W is
7m more than the sum of the distance between S
4. Who among the following person lives in the and Y.
east of vacant flat? S walks for 20m towards the north then takes a
a) The one who lives immediately above F in the right turn of 14m to reach S’. V walks for 30m
same type of flat. towards the south and then takes a right turn of
b) E 49m to reach V’. W walks for 14m towards the
c) C east and then takes a right turn of 15m to reach
d) The one who lives above D in the same type W’.
of flat 6. What is the shortest distance between S’ and
e) K V’ in the final arrangement?
a) 45m
5. How many persons live between K and A in b) 50m
the same type of flat? c) 55m
a) Two d) 60m
b) As many persons live between B and I in the e) None of these
same type of flat
c) One 7. Who among the following person sits second
d) As many persons live between C and F in the to the right of Y?
same type of flat I. The one who sits 42m away from V
e) Both b and c II. The one who sits second from the right end
III. The one who sits immediate right of S
Directions (6-10): Study the following information a) Only III
carefully and answer the given questions. b) Only I
Seven persons - S, T, U, V, W, X and Y are c) Only II and III
sitting in a linear row facing towards the north. d) Only I and II
Distance between the adjacent persons is a e) Only II
consecutive multiple of “7m” from the left end.
The distance between the adjacent persons is 8. What is the distance and direction of U with
not more than “49m”. respect to W’ in the final arrangement?
T sits 42m to the right of V. X sits second to the a) 15m, South
right of V. The number of persons sitting to the b) 15m, East
right of X is one less than the number of persons c) 20m, North

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Reasoning Day -1 (Eng)

d) 15m, West persons born after F. Only one person was born
e) 15m, North between F and C. Age of A is a perfect odd
square number. A’s age is equal to the last two
9. Who among the following person sits to the digits of C’s birth year. As many persons born
northwest of V’? before A as after G, who was born after A. E was
a) X born before D. The difference between the ages
b) The one who sits second to the left of V of E and F is 50 years. The age of G is twice that
c) T of the age of F. G’s age is equal to the last two
d) Y digits of D’s birth year.
e) The one who sits immediate right of Y 11. What is the sum of the ages of G and E?
a) 118
10. How many persons sit between U and the b) 119
one who is second from the right end of the row? c) 121
a) Four d) 120
b) As many persons sit between S and T e) None of these
c) Three
d) As many persons sit between W and V 12. Which of the following statement(s) is/are
e) Both c and d true as per the given arrangement?
I. D was born in a leap year
Directions (11-15): Study the following II. Sum of the ages of D and F is even
information carefully and answer the given III. More than three persons were born between
questions. B and C
Eight persons – A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H were a) Only II
born in different years. The age of each person is b) Only II and III
calculated from the year 2023. None of the c) Only I and III
persons were before 1950 and after 2005. d) Only III
Note: If it is given that P’s age is equal to the last e) Only I and II
two digits of the birth year of Q, then it can be at
any sequence. For example, if Q was born in 13. Who among the following person was born
1935, then P’s age will be either 35 or 53. immediately before A?
H was born in the year 1998. B was born five a) The one who was born in 1952
persons before H. H’s age is equal to the last two b) The one whose age is 46
digits of B’s birth year. The number of persons c) The one who was born in 1964
born before B is one more than the number of d) The one whose age is 29

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Reasoning Day -1 (Eng)

e) None of these II. Only a few Men are Singer. All singers are
Actors. Some Actors are Teachers. No Teacher
14. Which among the following pair of persons is is an Artist
the eldest and youngest person among all III. Only a few Men are Singers. All Singers are
respectively? Actors. No Actor is a Teacher. Some Teachers
a) A and G are Artists.
b) E and B a) Both statements I and III follow
c) E and F b) Only statement II follows
d) D and G c) Both statements II and III follow
e) H and C d) Only statement III follows
e) None follows
15. How many persons were born between H
and D? 17. Conclusions:
a) Two No White being Black is a possibility.
b) As many persons born between E and C Some Green is not White is a possibility.
c) None Some Blue is not Green.
d) As many persons born between F and A Statements:
e) One I. Some Red is Blue. No Blue is White. Only a
few Blue is Black. All green is Black.
Directions (16-20): Below questions consist of II. Some Red is Blue. Only a few Blue is Black.
some conclusions followed by some statements. No Blue is White. Some Green is Black.
Study the following information carefully and III. Only a few Blue is Black. Some Red is Blue.
decide which of the statement is correct for the Some Green is Red. No Blue is white.
given conclusion. a) Both statements I and II follow
16. Conclusions: b) Both statements I and III follow
Some Men are not Teacher. c) Both statements II and III follow
No Singer is a Teacher. d) Only statement I follows
Some Artists are not Men is a possibility e) Only statement III follows
Statements:
I. Only a few Men are Singers. Some singers are 18. Conclusions:
Actors. No Actor is a teacher. Some Teachers Some Tea is not Drink.
are Artists. All soup can never be Coffee.
All Drinks can be Tea.
Statements:

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Reasoning Day -1 (Eng)

I. Only a few Soups are Tea. Some Coffee is a) Only statement III follows
Tea. No Coffee is a Drink. No Coffee is a Soup. b) Both statements I and II follow
II. Some Coffee is Tea. No Coffee is a Soup. c) Only statement II follows
Only a few Soups are Drink. d) Both statements II and III follow
III. Only a few Soups are Tea. All Drinks are e) Both statements I and III follow
soup. No Drink is a Coffee. Some Coffee is Tea.
a) Only statement III follows 20. Statements:
b) Both statements I and II follow Some One can be Five.
c) Only statement I follows Some Five is definitely not Nine.
d) Both statements II and III follow All Seven being one is a possibility.
e) Both statements I and III follow Statements:
I. All One is Ten. Only a few Ten are Five. Some
19. Conclusions: Five are Seven. No Seven is Nine.
No Cat is Man is a possibility. II. Only a few Five are Nine. No Nine is One.
Some Monkey is definitely not Rat. Some One is Ten. All Ten are Seven.
All Dogs can never be Cats. III. Some One is Seven. No Seven is Ten. All
Statements: Ten are Nine. Only a few Five is Nine.
I. Some Cats are Rats. Only a few Dogs are a) Only statement III follows
Rats. Some Cats are Monkey. No Man is a b) Both statements I and II follow
Monkey. c) Both statements I and III follow
II. Only a few Dogs are Rats. No cat is a Rat. All d) Only statement I follows
Cats are Monkey. Some Monkeys are Man. e) All statements I, II and III follow
III. No Man is a Monkey. Some Monkeys are Cat.
Only a few cats are Rats. Some Rats are Dogs.

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Click Here to Get the Detailed Video Solution for the above given Questions
Or Scan the QR Code to Get the Detailed Video Solutions

Answer Key with Explanation


Directions (1-5):
1. Answer: E
2. Answer: C
3. Answer: C
4. Answer: D
5. Answer: E
Final arrangement:
Again, we have
 No one lives to the east of H.
 Only one floor is between H and F but
both are not living in different type of flats.
 E lives west of H and lives immediately
above the flat of A.
We have,
 A does not live in Flat Q.
 Only two floors are between I and B, both
After applying the above conditions, there is
are living in the same type of flat.
another possibility.
 I lives in the immediate west flat of C.
 D lives two floors below C but both are
living in the same type of flat.
After applying the above conditions, there are
two possibilities.

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Reasoning Day -1 (Eng)

Again, we have
 The number of persons living above B in
the same type of flat is two more than the
number of persons living below G in the
same type of flat.
 No one lives below G in the same type of
flat.
 K lives on one of the floors above J but
not immediately above.
After applying the above conditions, case 1 and
1a get eliminated because there is no place for We have,
G, hence case 2 shows the final arrangement.  T sits 42m to the right of V.
 X sits second to the right of V.
After applying the above conditions, there are
two possibilities.

Directions (6-10):
6. Answer: B
7. Answer: D
8. Answer: E
Again, we have
9. Answer: B
 The number of persons sitting to the right
10. Answer: E
of X is one less than the number of
Final arrangement:
persons sitting to the left of U.
 The distance between W and Y is 63m.
 The distance between S and W is 7m
more than the distance between S and Y.
After applying the above conditions, case 1 gets
eliminated because the distance between S and
W is 7m more than the distance between S and
Y.

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15. Answer: D
Final arrangement:

Again, we have
 S walks for 20m towards the north then
takes a right turn of 14m to reach S’.
 V walks for 30m towards the south and
then takes a right turn of 49m to reach V’.
We have,
 W walks for 14m towards the east and
 H was born in the year 1998.
then takes a right turn of 15m to reach W’.
 B was born five persons before H.
Based on the above given information we have
 H’s age is equal to the last two digits of
the final arrangement as follows.
B’s birth year.
 The number of persons born before B is
one more than the number of persons
born after F.
After applying the above conditions, there are
two possibilities.

Directions (11-15):
11. Answer: B
12. Answer: E
13. Answer: C
Again, we have
14. Answer: C

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 Only one person was born between F and


C.
 Age of A is a perfect odd square number.
 A’s age is equal to the last two digits of
C’s birth year.
 As many persons born before A as after
G, who was born after A.
After applying the above conditions, Case 2 gets
eliminated because as many persons born
before A as after G and also A’s only possible
perfect square age is 49 years.

16. Answer: D

17. Answer: D

Again, we have
 E was born before D.
 The difference between the ages of E and
F is 50 years.
 The age of G is twice that of the age of F.
 G’s age is equal to the last two digits of
D’s birth year.

18. Answer: E

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19. Answer: C

20. Answer: E

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Quantitative Aptitude Day -1 (Eng)

Quantitative Aptitude

1) Ratio of curved surface area to total surface Find the original discount given by the
area of a right circular cylinder is 3: 4 and the shopkeeper?
difference between its height and radius is 8 cm. a) ₹ 2160
If the height of a right circular cone is 3 cm more b) ₹ 1840
than that of the cylinder and the radius of the c) ₹ 2000
cone is 2 cm more than that of the cylinder, then d) ₹ 2250
find the ratio of the volume of the cylinder to that e) ₹ 2080
of the cone?
a) 37: 36 4) Two boats A and B are sailing in a river in
b) 16: 15 downstream direction and the speed of the
c)19: 18 stream is 2 m/s. Boat B is 102 m ahead of boat A
d) 25: 24 and ratio of speed in still water of boat A to boat
e) 31: 30 B is 6: 5. If boat A crosses boat B in 34 seconds,
then find the total downstream distance covered
2) Compound interest received on ₹ ‘x’ after 2 by boat A?
years at R% rate of interest compounded a) 640 m
annually, is ₹ 1680 more than that received on b) 510 m
₹ (x – 5000) after 1 year at R% rate of interest c) 680 m
compounded half-yearly. If the compound d) 560 m
interest received on ₹ (x – 3000) at 15% rate e) 600 m
after 2 years is ₹ 3870, then find the value of R?
a) 8% 5) When A and B work with their original
b) 12% efficiencies, they together can complete the work
c)10% in ‘16t’ hours. When A and B work with 80% and
d) 6% 160% of their respective efficiencies, they
e) 15% together can complete the work in ‘15t’ hours. If
A alone can complete the work in 12 hours and
3) A shopkeeper marked up an article by ₹ 4000 C alone can complete the work in 6 hours less
above the cost price and sold it at 20% discount than that of B, then in what time A and C
on its marked price. If he had given 25% together will complete the work?
discount on its marked price, his profit would a) 8.4 hours
have been ₹ 520 less than the original profit. b) 6.0 hours

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c)7.2 hours e) 9.6 hours


d) 4.8 hours

Direction (6-10): Study the following data carefully and answer the questions:
Data given below is related to number of boys and girls in a school, who play 5 different sports
Basketball, Football, Tennis, Cricket and Badminton.
The pie chart given below shows the percentage distribution of the number of boys, who play the given 5
sports.

Pie chart given below shows the percentage distribution of the number of girls, who play the given 5
sports.

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Note:
1: Difference between the number of boys, who play basketball and those, who play football, is 80.
2: 36% of the total number of students, who play football, are girls.
6) Total number of students, who play basketball, 8) Which of the following is/are true?
is approximately what per cent of the total A: Difference between number of boys and girls,
number of students, who play badminton? who play cricket, is 185.
a) 55.6% B: Total number of girls in the school, is 400.
b) 65.6% C: Ratio of boys to girls, who play badminton, is
c) 59.6% 8: 11.
d) 63.6% a) All are true
e) 57.6% b) Only A and B
c)Only B and C
7) Find the ratio of total number of boys, who d) None is true
play football, tennis and cricket to the total e) Only A and C
number of girls, who play basketball, football and
tennis? 9) What per cent of total number of students who
a) 25: 18 play badminton in the school?
b) 20: 9 a) 24.4%
c)60: 29 b) 16.4%
d) 3: 1 c)22.4%
e) 15: 8 d) 18.4%

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e) 20.4% a) 259
b) 229
10) Find the average of the total number of c) 239
students, who play basketball, those who play d) 219
football and those who play cricket? e) 249

Direction (11-15): Study the following data carefully and answer the questions:
Table given below shows the ratio of male to female employees in five different companies. Average
salary of each male and female employee is different in every company. Table also shows the ratio of
total salary of male to female employees.

Note:
1. The total employees in companies P and Q are 100 each while total male employees in companies R
and S are 80 and 75 respectively. Male employees in company T are 10 more than female employees.
2. Difference between the average salaries of male and female employees of companies P, Q, R, S, and
T is ₹ 500, ₹ 1600, ₹ 700, ₹ 400, and ₹ 1000 respectively.
11) What is the average salary of all the c) I for both
employees (male and female together) of d) I and III
company Q and S respectively? e) II for both
I: ₹ 2800
II: ₹ 3250 12) If 20 more employees joined the company T
III: ₹ 3850 whose average salary is ₹ 4200, then find the
a) I and II average salary of all the employees of company
b) II and III T.

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a) ₹ 4400 e) Only I and II


b) ₹ 4200
c) ₹ 4500 14) Find the ratio of the difference between the
d) ₹ 4100 total salary of male and female employees of
e) ₹ 4600 company P to the average of total salary of male
and female employees of company R.
13) If ‘x’ male employees and ‘x + 10’ female a) 6: 11
employees joined the company Q such that ratio b) 5: 13
of male to female employees becomes 17: 9, c) 4: 9
then which of the following can be determined. d) 7: 16
I: Average salary of male employees in the e) 5: 16
company after the joining of new employees.
II: Total number of employees in the company 15) If the average of the total salary of female
after the joining of new employees. employees of all the five companies together is
III: Ratio of newly joined male to female ₹ 355P, then the value of ‘P’ lies between:
employees in the company. a) 350 and 380
a) Only II b) 380 and 410
b) Only I c) 320 and 350
c) Only II and III d) 410 and 440
d) Only I and III e) 440 and 470

Direction (16-20): Study the following data carefully and answer the questions:
Some questions are assigned to a freelancer for creation in five different months, out of which he created
some questions while the remaining are yet to be created. Out of the total created questions, some are
easy, and the remaining are hard difficulty levels.
The line graph given below shows the difference between the number of created questions and the
number of questions that are yet to be created. It also shows the difference between the number of
easy-level and hard level questions created.

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Table given below shows the number of questions created as percent of total assigned questions to him.

Note:
1. x2 + y2 = 21250
2. In each month he created the majority of the assigned questions to him and also, he created easy-level
questions more than hard-level questions.
3. The observation took place somewhere in the mid of a month and questions that are yet to be created
in that month will be created later in that month only.

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16)If the freelancer is paid ₹ 40 per question for a) 300


each easy level and the average of total amount b) 350
received by him for creating easy level questions c)200
in all five months together is ‘80P’, then which of d) 250
the following can be a factor of ‘P’? e) 400
a) 15
b) 17 19) If the ratio of the total amount received by the
c)19 freelancer for creating easy level to hard level
d) 21 questions in Apr is 8: 5, then find the ratio of pay
e) 23 for each easy level to each hard level question to
the freelancer in that month.
17)Out of total questions yet to be created in a) 8: 15
Jan, number of easy and hard level questions b) 7: 17
are ____ and ____ respectively. If he is paid ₹ 30 c)4: 9
for easy level questions and ₹ 50 for hard level d) 5: 9
questions and will be paid ₹ 5600 for all the e) 6: 11
questions which are yet to be created in that
month, then which of the following value will fill 20)Total questions created by the freelancer in
the blanks in the same order? all five months together when the observation is
a)90 and 60 made is what percent of the total number of
b)95 and 55 questions assigned to him in all the five months
c)105 and 45 together?
d) 80 and 70 a) 60%
e) 100 and 50 b) 65%
c)70%
18) What is the difference between the total d) 75%
number of easy-level questions created and the e) 80%
total number of hard-level questions by the
freelancer in Jan, Mar, and May together?

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Click Here to Get the Detailed Video Solution for the above given Questions
Or Scan the QR Code to Get the Detailed Video Solutions

Answer Key with Explanation


1) Answer: B
Let the height and the radius of the cylinder are
529x – 1587000 – 400x + 1200000 = 1548000
‘h’ cm and ‘r’ cm respectively.
x = 15000
So,
Since, the CI received on ₹ ’x’ after 2 years at
R% rate of interest compounded annually, is
4h =3h + 3r ₹ 1680 more than that received on ₹ (x – 5000)
h: r = 3: 1 after 1 year at R% rate of interest compounded
The height of the cylinder = = 12 cm half-yearly.
The radius of the cylinder = 12 – 8 = 4 cm So,
The height of the cone = 12 + 3 = 15 cm
And the radius of the cone = 4 + 2 = 6 cm
R = 8%
Now, the volume of the cylinder = Πr2h = 192Π
cm3
3) Answer: E
And the volume of the cone = (1/3)Πr2h = 180Π
Let the CP of the article = ₹ ‘x’
cm3
So, the MP of the article = ₹ (x + 4000)
Required ratio = 192Π: 180Π = 16: 15
The SP of the article after 20% discount on its
marked price:
2) Answer: A
80% of (x + 4000) =
Since, the CI received on ₹ (x – 3000) at 15%
And the SP of the article after 25% discount on
rate after 2 years is ₹ 3870.
its marked price:
So,
75% of (x + 4000) =

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So, 5) Answer: C
Let the time, in which B alone can complete the

16x + 64000 – 15x – 60000 = 10400 work with his original efficiency = ‘8b’ hours

x = 6400 So,

Now, the MP of the article = 6400 + 4000 =


₹ 10400 And,
And the original discount given by the
shopkeeper = 20% of 10400 = ₹ 2080 By equation (1) * (1/5) – equation (2) * (1/8):

4) Answer: C
Let the speeds of boats A and B in still water are
t = 0.5
‘6x’ m/s and ‘5x’ m/s respectively.
From equation (1):
So, the downstream speed of boat A = (6x + 2)
m/s
And the downstream speed of boat B = (5x + 2) 8b = 24
m/s Now, the time, in which B alone can complete
Let the downstream distance covered by boat B the work = 24 hours
= ‘y’ m The time, in which C alone can complete the
So, the downstream distance covered by boat A work = 24 – 6 = 18 hours
= (102 + y) m Part of work complete by A and C together in 1
Now, hour =
So, the time, in which A and C together will
complete the work = 7.2 hours
And,

Direction (6-10):
From equations (1) and (2):
From the 1st pie chart:
102 + 170x + 68 = 204x + 68
2X + Y = 100 – (10 + 25 + 15)
x=3
2X + Y = 50 -----------(1)
From equation (2):
From the 2nd pie chart:

y = 578 m
3X + 18 + Y = 78
So, the downstream distance covered by boat A
3X + Y = 60 -----------(2)
= 102 + 578 = 680 m
From equations (1) and (2):

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X = 10, Y = 30 7) Answer: B
Since, the difference between the number of Total number of boys, who play football, tennis,
boys, who play basketball and those, who play and cricket = 160 + 200 + 240 = 600
football, is 80. Total number of girls, who play basketball,
So, the number of boys, who play basketball = football, and tennis = 72 + 90 + 108 = 270
= 80 Required ratio = 600: 270 = 20: 9
The number of boys, who play football =
= 160 8) Answer: B
The number of boys, who play tennis = = From A:

200 Difference between number of boys and girls,

The number of boys, who play cricket = who play cricket = 240 – 45 = 195

= 240 So, A is not true.

And the number of boys, who play badminton = From B:

= 120 Total number of girls in the school = 72 + 90 +


108 + 45 + 135 = 450
Since, 36% of the total number of students, who
So, B is not true.
play football, are girls.
From C:
So, the number of girls, who play football =
Ratio of boys to girls, who play badminton = 120:
= 90
135 = 8: 9
The number of girls, who play basketball =
So, C is not true.
= 72
Hence, none is true.
The number of girls, who play tennis = =
108
9) Answer: E
The number of girls, who play cricket = =
Total number of students in the school = (80 +
45
160 + 200 + 240 + 120) + (72 + 90 + 108 + 45 +
And the number of girls, who play badminton =
135) = 1250
= 135
Total number of students, who play badminton =
6) Answer: C
120 + 135 = 255
Total number of students, who play basketball =
Required percentage = = 20.4%
80 + 72 = 152
Total number of students, who play badminton =
10) Answer: B
120 + 135 = 255
Total number of students, who play basketball =
Required average = = 59.6%
80 + 72 = 152

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Total number of students, who play football = Let total salary of male and female employees in
160 + 90 = 250 company S is 50s and 27s respectively.
Total number of students, who play cricket = 240 Let total salary of male and female employees in
+ 45 = 285 company T is t and t respectively.
Required average = = 229 Table given below shows the number of
employees (male, female, and total) in each
Direction (11-15): company and average salary of male and female
Total employees in company P = 100 employees.
Male employees in company P =
Female employees in company P = 100 – 60 =
40
Total employees in company Q = 100
Male employees in company Q =
Female employees in company Q = 100 – 75 =
25
Male employees in company R = 80
According to the question:
Female employees in company R =
Total employees in company R = 80 + 60 = 140
p = 10000
Male employees in company S = 75
Female employees in company S =
q = 20000
Total employees in company S = 75 + 45 = 120
Difference between male and female employees
in company T = 10 r = 56000

Male employees in company T =


Female employees in company T = 50 – 10 = 40 s = 6000
Total employees in company T = 50 + 40 = 90
Let total salary of male and female employees in t = 200000
company P is 15p and 8p respectively.
Let total salary of male and female employees in
company Q is 9q and 5q respectively.
Let total salary of male and female employees in
company R is 5r and 3r respectively.

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675 + 9x = 595 + 17x


8x = 80
x = 10
I: We cannot determine the average salary of
newly joined male employees as we are not
given the total salary of male employees.
II: Total number of employees in the company
after the joining of new employees = 100 + x + (x
11) Answer: D + 10) = 130
Total salary of all the employees of company Q = III: Ratio of newly joined male to female
180000 + 100000 = ₹ 280000 employees = x: (x + 10) = 10: 20 = 1: 2
Total employees in company Q = 100 Hence, only II and III can be determined.
Required average salary =
Total salary of all the employees of company S = 14) Answer: E
300000 + 162000 = ₹ 462000 Difference between total salary of male and
Total employees in company S = 120 female employees of company P = 150000 –
Required average salary = 80000 = ₹ 70000
Average of total salary of male and female
12) Answer: A employees of company R =
Total employees in company T = 90
Total salary of all 90 employees = 200000 + Required ratio = 70000: 224000
200000 = ₹ 400000 = 5: 16
New number of employees = 90 + 20 = 110
New total salary of all 110 employees = 400000 15) Answer: B
+ 20 * 4200 = ₹ 484000 Total salary of female employees of all the five
Required average = companies together = 80000 + 100000 + 168000
= ₹ 4400 + 162000 + 200000 = ₹ 710000
Average =
13) Answer: C 355P = 142000
Initial number of male and female employees in P = 400
company Q is 75 and 25 respectively. Hence, value of P lies between 380 and 410.
According to the question:
Direction (16-20):

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In the Apr, legends of the both the lines are 0.4x = 140
equal. Which means: x = 350
x + 75 = y + 125 Total created questions = x = 350
x – y = 50 Total yet to be created questions = x – 200 = 150
x = y + 50 ………. (1) Total assigned questions = 350 + 150 = 500
We are given: Total easy level created questions =
x2 + y2 = 21250
From equation (1): Total hard level created questions =
(y + 50)2 + y2 = 21250 Similarly, we can calculate for other months as
y2 + 2500 + 100y + y2 – 21250 = 0 well:
y2 + 50y – 9375 = 0
y = 75 and -125
We cannot take negative value of ‘y’.
Hence, y = 75 and x = 125
Find the table below that shows the simplified
data for the line graph given above:
16) Answer: E
Total easy level questions created by the
freelancer in all the five months together = 250 +
200 + 250 + 300 + 150 = ₹ 1150
Total amount received by him = 1150 * 40 =
₹ 46000
Average =
80P = 9200
P = 115
Since, he created majority of the assigned Factor of 115 = 1, 5, 23, and 115
questions which means created questions are Hence, 23 will be a factor of P.
more than yet to be created questions.
Let total number of created and yet to be created 17) Answer: B
questions in the Jan is ‘x’ and ‘x – 200’ Total questions which are yet to be created in
respectively. Jan = 150
According to the question: Let number of easy level and hard level
70% of [x + (x – 200)] = x questions which are yet to be created in Jan are
1.4x – 140 = x ‘x’ and ‘150 – x’ respectively.

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According to the question: 19) Answer: A


30x + 50(150 – x) = 5600 Let total amount received by the freelancer for
7500 – 20x = 5600 creating easy level and hard level questions in
20x = 1900 the month of Apr is 8x and 5x respectively.
x = 95 Total easy level questions created in Apr = 300
Number of easy level questions which are yet to Total hard level questions created in Apr = 100
be created in Jan = x = 95 Pay for each easy level questions in Apr =
Number of hard level questions which are yet to Pay for each hard level questions in Apr =
be created in Jan = 150 – x = 55
Hence, values that can fill the blanks are 95 and Required ratio =
55 respectively. = 8: 15

18) Answer: B 20) Answer: D


Total number of easy level questions created by Total questions created by the freelancer in all
the freelancer in Jan, Mar, and May together = the five months together when the observation is
250 + 250 + 150 = 650 made = 350 + 300 + 400 + 400 + 200 = 1650
Total number of hard level questions created by Total number of questions assigned to the
the freelancer in Jan, Mar, and May together = freelancer in all the five months together = 500 +
100 + 150 + 50 = 300 400 + 450 + 600 + 250 = 2200
Required difference = 650 – 300 Required percent =
= 350 = 75%

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English Day -1

English Language

Directions (1-5) : In the questions given below, (A) The roses in the garden bloomed with
four statements are given labelled as (A), (B), (C) radiant colours, filling the air with their
and (D), with one statement being grammatically enchanting fragrance, creating a picturesque
and contextually incorrect. You are required to sight that brought joy to anyone who beheld
choose that sentence which is erroneous. If all them.
the sentences are correct then choose ‘option e’ (B) I would prefer to like to have a latte,
as your answer. especially on chilly mornings, as its creamy
1) SPOT THE ERRONEOUS SENTENCE texture and rich espresso blend offer a
(A) The army personnel marched in disciplined comforting start to my day.
formation, his resolute expressions reflecting (C) My parents wished me the best of luck as I
their unwavering commitment to defending their embarked on a new journey, encouraging me to
nation. pursue my dreams and reminding me that they'll
(B) The family returned from the US with always be there to support me.
suitcases filled with cherished memories, (D) His younger brother is an architect, and his
souvenirs from their unforgettable journey. innovative designs and attention to detail have
(C) The colour of the building was a striking earned him accolades in the field of architecture.
blend of vibrant red and elegant gold, standing a) A
out majestically against the surrounding b) B
landscape. c) C
(D) The project was an ambitious undertaking d) D
that required meticulous planning, dedicated e) All correct
teamwork, and a creative approach to overcome
the challenges and achieve its remarkable 3) SPOT THE ERRONEOUS SENTENCE
success. (A) Doctors are treated as true lifesavers, as
a) A their expertise, compassion, and dedication play
b) B a crucial role in healing the sick and easing the
c) C suffering of those in need.
d) D (B) My tooth is aching, and I already planning to
e) All correct schedule a dental appointment to get it examined
and treated before the pain worsens.
2) SPOT THE ERRONEOUS SENTENCE

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(C) She sells reusable straws, promoting 5) SPOT THE ERRONEOUS SENTENCE
environmental consciousness and reducing (A) Mobile phones are very addictive, with their
plastic waste, one step at a time. constant notifications, social media apps, and
(D) The train was late due to unforeseen gaming options captivating our attention and
technical issues, causing inconvenience to the making it hard to put them down.
passengers who had planned their journey (B) Painkillers are essential for managing
meticulously. discomfort and alleviating pain, providing relief to
a) A individuals dealing with various health conditions
b) B or recovering from injuries.
c) C (C) The country was immersed in a celebration of
d) D unity and patriotism as people from all walks of
e) All correct life came together to mark the national day.
(D) We bought a new car, and its sleek design,
4) SPOT THE ERRONEOUS SENTENCE advanced features, and smooth performance has
(A) The driver was made to pay a fine for already made it a delightful addition to our family.
violating traffic rules, emphasizing the a) A
importance of following regulations to ensure b) B
road safety. c) C
(B) The party went well, with laughter, music, and d) D
good company making it an unforgettable e) All correct
evening filled with joyous memories.
(C) The results of the board exams were eagerly Directions (6-10) : In each of these questions, a
awaited by students and parents alike, as they paragraph is given that has a blank in it. Out of
determined the next steps in their academic and the given options, only one sentence fits in with
career paths. the context of the paragraph. Select that as your
(D) Fashion technology is something that blends answer.
creativity and innovation, allowing designers to 6) Deforestation, an alarming ecological crisis,
push boundaries and redefine the way we refers to the widespread clearance and removal
perceive and interact with clothing. of forests, leading to their transformation into
a) A non-forest areas. This insidious practice has
b) B been occurring for centuries, but its intensity has
c) C escalated dramatically in recent times, causing
d) D severe environmental repercussions on a global
e) All correct scale._ ________________.They play a vital role

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English Day -1

in balancing Earth's ecosystems, regulating the b) Cuisine refers to a specific style or method of
climate, and supporting a myriad of plant and cooking, as well as the characteristic dishes and
animal species. food traditions associated with a particular
a) Forests are lush and biodiverse ecosystems, region, culture, or country.
covering vast stretches of land with a dense c) The Indian Subcontinent, also known as South
canopy of trees. Asia, is a region located in the southern part of
b) Forests are often referred to as the lungs of Asia.
our planet, and with good reason. d) India's geographical diversity has bestowed
c) There are several types of forests around the upon it a remarkable array of spices, each
world, each characterized by their unique originating from different regions and climates.
ecological features and geographical locations. e) In the case of spices, many regions around
d) Uncontrolled wildfires can spread rapidly, the world have been granted GI tags to protect
destroying vast areas of forest and wildlife the uniqueness and distinctiveness of their spice
habitats. produce.
e) Forest officials, also known as forestry officials
or forest rangers, are government employees 8) ____________. This compassionate gesture
responsible for the management and protection has the power to transform the lives of those
of forests. suffering from organ failure or chronic illnesses,
offering them a second chance at life. The
7) The allure of Indian cuisine lies not only in its donation of vital organs such as the heart, lungs,
vibrant colours and enticing aromas but also in liver, kidneys, and pancreas, as well as tissues
the exquisite blend of spices that dance upon the like corneas and skin, can significantly improve
taste buds. For millennia, Indian spices have the quality of life for recipients and even be the
been an integral part of the country's culinary difference between life and death.
landscape, elevating dishes to unparalleled a) Organ failure is a medical emergency that
heights and reflecting the rich cultural tapestry of requires immediate intervention and critical care.
the subcontinent. _________From the tropical b) Blood banks are specialized facilities that
coastline of Kerala to the arid deserts of collect, process, store, and distribute blood and
Rajasthan, every corner of the country harbours blood products for medical use.
its unique spice treasures. c) The human body is a complex organism made
a) Spices add a burst of flavour and aroma to up of several different organs, each with specific
culinary creations, making dishes from various functions and roles to maintain overall health and
cuisines around the world truly delightful. homeostasis.

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d) Food donation is a significant step in reducing prepare students for a career in the healthcare
food wastage and addressing hunger and industry.
malnutrition in various parts of the world. e) It assesses cognitive abilities, situational
e) Organ donation is a noble act that involves judgement, and other relevant qualities for
the selfless giving of one's organs or tissues to healthcare professionals.
save the lives of others in need.
10) Dark chocolates, with their alluring richness
9) Medical entrance exams are a critical and distinct bittersweet flavour, are a delectable
milestone for aspiring healthcare professionals, treat beloved by many. Made from cocoa beans
marking the beginning of their journey into the with a higher cocoa solids content and less
world of medicine._______________.Students added sugar, dark chocolates stand apart from
who dream of becoming doctors, dentists, or their milk chocolate counterparts in terms of both
other medical specialists must prepare diligently taste and nutritional benefits. The intense cocoa
and demonstrate exceptional skills in subjects flavour, accompanied by subtle hints of fruitiness
like biology, chemistry, physics, and aptitude or earthiness, delights the senses with each
tests. The stakes are high, as the results velvety bite. _________________.
determine whether they can pursue their passion a) While imported chocolates can be a delightful
for medicine and contribute to the well-being of treat for many, it's essential to consume them in
society. moderation, as they are still high in sugar and
a) These highly competitive and rigorous calories.
examinations serve as gateways to some of the b) "Velvet" refers to a type of luxurious fabric
most prestigious medical colleges and known for its soft and smooth texture.
universities c) Beyond their delightful taste, dark chocolates
b) These centers are established to provide a boast a host of health benefits.
controlled and secure environment for d) Chocolates are enjoyed by people of all ages
conducting exams, ensuring fairness and and are a beloved indulgence around the world.
integrity in the assessment process. e) Dark chocolate contains compounds like
c) Generic medicines are identical or theobromine and phenylethylamine, which can
bioequivalent versions of brand-name stimulate the release of endorphins and
medications. serotonin in the brain.
d) These colleges offer comprehensive programs
in medicine, including theoretical knowledge, Directions (11-15) : A sentence is given below
practical training, and clinical experience, to with two words highlighted in bold. Select the
option that gives the correct set of words as a

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English Day -1

replacement to the bold words. In case the but also demanding responsible usage to
sentence is correct, select ‘No improvement produce a healthy balance.
required’. a) separable, strike
11) Rohan was so talented that his skills in b) indivisible, making
playing multiple musical instruments left c) inseparable, strike
everyone in awe, and he effortlessly charmed the d) integral, producing
audience with his performances. e) No improvement required
a) shock, impressed
b) amusement, disappointed 15) Latha's innocence was known in her wide-
c) happy, cheered eyed curiosity and pure heart, radiating a charm
d) tears, attracted that instantly bared her to everyone she met.
e) No improvement required a) evident, endeared
b) well-known, impressed
12) The orchestra played a symphony that c) clear, displease
tagged at the heartstrings, filling the concert hall d) apparent, belittle
with a boring and harmonious melody. e) No improvement required
a) pushed, repellent
b) tugged, captivating Directions (16-20) : In each of the questions
c) idled, irksome given below a phrase in the sentence has been
d) dragging, pleased highlighted. It may or may not need replacement.
e) No improvement required Read the question carefully and choose an
option that would best replace the highlighted
13) The show had a huge fan base, as its forcing parts to make the sentences grammatically and
storyline, relatable characters, and unexpected contextually correct. In case, the given sentence
plot twists kept viewers unwanted awaiting each is correct in its current form and there is no
new episode. improvement needed, mark (e) as your answer.
a) innovation, impatiently 16) His voice was smooth as silk, with a soothing
b) unique, long tone that captivated listeners and had a calmed
c) dull, readily effect of anyone who heard him speak or sing.
d) compelling, eagerly a) have a calming effect on anyone who heard
e) No improvement required him speak or sing
14) Gadgets are becoming an intact part of our b) had a calming effects about anyone who
daily lives, providing convenience and efficiency heard him speak or sing

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English Day -1

c) had a calming effect on anyone who heard him d) and serene lakes whom attracted tourism from
speak or sing all over the country
d) had a calming effect on anyone whom heard e) No improvement required
him speak or sing
e) No improvement required 19) The dispute was mainly centered around the
ownership of the land, leading to heated
17) To grow long hair, one needs patients and a arguments and legal battles between the parties
consists hair care routine, including regular trims, involved.
proper nourishment, and gentle handling to avoid a) the disputes were mainly centric around the
breakage. ownership of the land
a) one need patience and a consistent hair care b) their dispute was mainly centering around the
routine ownership of the land
b) one needs patiently and consistently hair care c) there dispute are mainly centered about the
routine ownership of the land
c) one needs patient and a consistent hair care d) the dispute were mainly centered around the
routine ownership on the land
d) one needs patience and a consistent hair care e) No improvement required
routine
e) No improvement required 20) Admissions are open for the new academic
year, invite eager students to enrolling in various
18) The state had a diverse landscape, boasting courses and embark on a journey of knowledge
lush green valleys, majestic mountains, and and growth.
serene lakes who attracted tourists from all a) inviting eager students to enrolling in various
around over the country. courses and embark on a
a) and serene lakes that attracted tourists from b) inviting eager students to enrolled in various
all over the country courses and embark on a
b) and serene lake those attracted tourists from c) invites eager students to enrol in various
all over the country courses and embarked on a
c) and serene lakes that attracting tourists from d) inviting eager students to enrol in various
all around the country courses and embark on a
e) No improvement required

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English Day -1

Click Here to Get the Detailed Video Solution for the above given Questions
Or Scan the QR Code to Get the Detailed Video Solutions

Answer Key with Explanation


1) Answer: A so a simple phrase ‘ I like to’ will convey the
Sentence ‘A’ has an error and hence it is meaning.
erroneous. Remove ‘would prefer to’ from the given sentence
Personnel - the people who work for a large to make it correct and meaningful.
organization or one of the armed forces The corrected sentence : I like to have a latte,
Replace ‘his’ with ‘their’ to make the sentence especially on chilly mornings, as its creamy
correct and meaningful. texture and rich espresso blend offer a comforting
His represents an individual and it is start to my day.
inappropriate in the given sentence as the 3) Answer: B
sentence talks about the army personnel and the Sentence ‘B’ is incorrect and erroneous.
correct pronoun to be used is ‘their’. ‘I already planning’ - is incorrect because
The corrected sentence : The army personnel ‘already’ is in the past and it is not correct to say
marched in disciplined formation, their resolute ‘already planning’. Simply ‘I plan’ will make the
expressions reflecting their unwavering sentence correct and error free.
commitment to defending their nation. The corrected sentence: My tooth is aching, and I
plan to schedule a dental appointment to get it
2) Answer: B examined and treated before the pain worsens.
The sentence ‘B’ is grammatically incorrect.
‘Prefer to like to’ is wrong because it is redundant, 4) Answer: E
‘would’ is also unnecessary because it is a All the given four sentences are grammatically
general statement denoting the liking of a person correct and meaningful, hence we go for option
(e) as our answer.

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English Day -1

5) Answer: D sentence of ‘d’ also seems to be a continuation


The sentence ‘D’ is incorrect and hence option (d) and hence (d) would fit the blank aptly.
is the right answer for this question. Option a - it is so generic and hence does not fit
‘Has’ is inappropriate here because “sleek the passage, the passage is specific to India
design, advanced features, and smooth Option b - talks about cuisines which is not
performance” must be represented by ‘have’ and relevant to the passage, the passage deals with
not ‘has’ ‘spices’
Have for plural and has for singular Option c - details about Indian subcontinent is
The corrected sentence : We bought a new car, irrelevant
and the sleek design, advanced features, and Option e - talking about GI tags in the middle of
smooth performance have already made it a the passage is inappropriate and unnecessary
delightful addition to our family. Hence d is the correct sentence that completes
the passage with the same context and meaning.
6) Answer: B
The statement ‘b’ fits the paragraph correctly as it 8) Answer: E
matches the context. Sentence in ‘e’ is the correct one that fits the
The paragraph talks about deforestation and the blank in the passage to complete it. Organ
importance of forest. So, option (b) would best fit donation is a noble act and the second sentence
the given blank in the paragraph. continues to use ‘this compassionate act’
Option a - this statement is simply the definition of Option a - the passage is about organ donation
forest not organ failure, also this sentence does not add
Option c - talks about the types of forest meaning to the passage and its context
Option d - is about the disaster caused by wildfire Option b - is irrelevant as it talks about blood
and inappropriate to the context blanks
Option e - information on ‘forest officials’ is Option c - is about human body which is not
inappropriate to this context related to the given passage
Hence b is the correct sentence to fill the blank Option d - is about food donation and not relevant
which suits the context of the passage. to the context, hence discarded
Hence, e is the right sentence that completes the
7) Answer: D passage in the appropriate manner with the right
Sentence given in option (d) is the right pick context.
because the sentence that follows the blank also
talks about India and its countries. And the 9) Answer: A

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The context of the passage is ‘medical entrance Hence, option c is the best answer and this
exams’ and sentence in option a is the right fit for sentence perfectly fits in the given blank.
the given blank.
Option b - sentence is about the exam centers 11) Answer: E
which is not appropriate The two words highlighted in the given sentence
Option c - the passage is about medical entrance are already correct and appropriate to the context
and this sentence is totally irrelevant speaking of the sentence and hence needs no
about generic medicines replacement.
Option d - is about medical institutions/colleges
and does not sit right in the given blank 12) Answer: B
Option e - something that is related to healthcare ‘Tagged’ and ‘boring’ are inappropriate and add
service but not right for the given passgae no meaning to the sentence and definitely need
Hence, a is the correct sentence to fill the given replacement.
blank in the passage which suits the context. Tugged and captivating are the right words to
replace ‘tagged’ and ‘boring’ respectively to make
10) Answer: C the sentence correct and meaningful.
Statement in option c is a perfect concluding Tugged - to pull something hard and quickly for
sentence to the given passage on the topic dark several times
chocolates. Captivating - holding your attention by being
Option a - the passage does not discuss about extremely interesting, exciting, pleasant, or
the imports of chocolates and hence this attractive
sentence is inappropriate Repellent - causing a strong feeling of disgust
Option b - definition of velvet which is not really Idled - spend time doing nothing
necessary as the main topic here is dark Irksome - annoying and irritating
chocolate The sentence: The orchestra played a symphony
Option d - very generic information and not that tugged at the heartstrings, filling the concert
specific to the idea of the passage hall with a captivating and harmonious melody.
Option e - is talking about dark chocolate but if
we look carefully sentence c is more meaningful 13) Answer: D
whereas sentence e suddenly from nowhere talks ‘Compelling and eagerly’ are the correct words to
about the chemical components present in dark replace the words ‘forcing and unwanted’
chocolate. respectively.

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Compelling - that forces or persuades you to do convenience and efficiency but also demanding
or to believe something responsible usage to strike a healthy balance.
Innovation is a wrong word form here and does
not fit in the sentence 15) Answer: A
Unique fits the first blank, but the word ‘long’ is Known and bared are wrong and need
appropriate in the context and does not fit the replacement.
second blank Bared - uncover and expose it to view
Dull is inappropriate to the context of the Evident - obvious
sentence Endeared - to make somebody/yourself liked by
somebody
The sentence: The show had a huge fan base, as Option b is wrong because ‘impressed her to’ is
its compelling storyline, relatable characters, and wrong
unexpected plot twists kept viewers eagerly Option c is incorrect because ‘displease’ is
awaiting each new episode. inappropriate to the context
Option d - apparent(readily seen or understood)
14) Answer: C is correct and can replace the first word but
The words ‘intact’ and ‘produce’ are incorrect and ‘belittle’ is wrong because of its meaning ‘to make
need replacement. The correct options out of the somebody/something seem unimportant’
given 5 is option c (inseparable and strike) The sentence : Latha's innocence was evident in
Intact - complete and not damaged her wide-eyed curiosity and pure heart, radiating
Inseparable - cannot separate a charm that instantly endeared her to everyone
To strike a balance - to achieve a state in which she met.
different things occur in equal or proper amounts
or have an equal or proper amount of importance. 16) Answer: C
Indivisible, inseparable and integral fits the first Calmed is wrong instead it must be calming
blank correctly but their pairs (making, strike and because a gerund is the right form, ‘effect of’ is
produce) need to fit the second blank correctly to wrong instead it must be ‘effect on’.
be the correct answer for the given question. The statement is option c is the right phrase to
Out of making, strike and produce - strike is the replace the highlighted incorrect part.
correct word. Option a - have is wrong instead it must be ‘had’
The sentence : Gadgets are becoming an Option b - ‘effects about anyone’ is wrong
inseparable part of our daily lives, providing Option d - whom is an incorrect pronoun, instead
it must be ‘who’

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English Day -1

The sentence : His voice was smooth as silk, with 18) Answer: A
a soothing tone that captivated listeners and had The highlighted part is incorrect and definitely
a calming effect on anyone who heard him speak needs replacement because ‘who’ and ‘around
or sing. over’ in the sentence is making it incorrect.
The statement is option a is the best replacement
17) Answer: D among the given option.
The highlighted phrase in the sentence is Option b - lake and those are incorrect, lake is
completely wrong and hence need singular and those denotes plural
improvement/replacement Option c - ‘that attracting tourists’ is a wrong
The phrase is option d can be used to replace the phrase
incorrect part in the sentence and make the Option d- ‘whom attracted tourism’ is a wrong
sentence correct and meaningful. phrase
Consistent - always having the same opinions, The sentence: The state had a diverse
standard, behaviour/not changing landscape, boasting lush green valleys, majestic
Patient(adjective) - able to stay calm and not get mountains, and serene lakes that attracted
angry, especially when there is a difficulty or you tourists from all over the country.
have to wait a long time
Patient (singular noun) 19) Answer: E
Patients(plural noun) - people who are receiving The highlighted part of the sentence is correct
medical treatment and hence need not be replaced.
patience (noun)- the quality of being able to stay
calm and not get angry, especially when there is 20) Answer: D
a difficulty or you have to wait a long time Invite and enrolling makes the sentence incorrect
Option a - need is wrong, singular noun must be and hence the highlighted phrase needs
followed by plural verb replacement.
Option b - both patiently and consistently are Option d has the correct statement to replace the
inappropriate wrong part.
Option c- patient is wrong and inappropriate Option a - to enrolling is incorrect instead it must
be to enrol
The sentence: To grow long hair, one needs Option b - to enrolled is incorrect instead it must
patience and a consistent hair care routine, be to enrol
including regular trims, proper nourishment, and
gentle handling to avoid breakage.

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Option c - invites is wrong and ‘embarked’ is also The sentence: Admissions are open for the new
wrong(enrol and embark - must follow the same academic year, inviting eager students to enrol in
word form) various courses and embark on a journey of
knowledge and growth.

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