Simulado
Criado em: 15/03/2025 às 20:37:21
Read texts I and II to answer the questions.
Text I
The following text was created by ChatGPT.
The future of artificial intelligence (AI) holds immense promise and potential to revolutionize
various aspects of human life. As technology continues to advance, AI is expected to play an
increasingly vital role in shaping industries such as healthcare, transportation, finance, and
education. With the growing sophistication of AI algorithms, we can anticipate more personalized
and efficient services. Medical diagnoses could be expedited, leading to early detection and better
treatment outcomes. AI-driven transportation systems might enhance safety and reduce traffic
congestion, while intelligent financial algorithms could optimize investment strategies for individuals
and institutions.
However, ethical and societal challenges also arise as AI becomes more pervasive. Concerns
about data privacy, security, and bias must be carefully addressed to ensure that AI benefits all
individuals and communities. Striking a balance between innovation and accountability will be
crucial in shaping AI's future. Governments, industries, and academic institutions need to
collaborate in establishing robust regulatory frameworks that promote transparency, fairness, and
the responsible use of AI technologies. By incorporating diverse perspectives and engaging in
interdisciplinary discussions, we can design AI systems that uphold human values and respect
individual rights.
The future of AI also holds significant implications for the workforce. While AI may automate
certain tasks and lead to job displacement, it can also create new opportunities and job roles. As AI
systems take over repetitive and mundane tasks, humans can focus on more creative, strategic, and
empathetic endeavors. Reskilling and upskilling the workforce will be vital to ensure individuals can
adapt to the evolving job landscape and benefit from the transformative power of AI. Additionally,
policymakers should consider implementing mechanisms such as universal basic income or social
safety nets to support those affected by job displacement due to AI.
In conclusion, the future of artificial intelligence is a double-edged sword, presenting immense
possibilities for progress while posing significant challenges. Embracing AI's potential while
mitigating its risks requires collaboration, innovation, and responsible governance. By fostering a
future where AI serves as a force for good, we can shape a more equitable and prosperous world
that leverages technology to uplift humanity in unprecedented ways.
Source: chat.openai.com
Text II
The following text was written by Cade Metz, a technology reporter and the author of “Genius
Makers: The Mavericks Who Brought A.I. to Google, Facebook, and The World.” He covers artificial
intelligence, driverless cars, robotics, virtual reality and other emerging areas.
What’s the Future for A.I.?
A.I. in the near term
Generative A.I.s can already answer questions, write poetry, generate computer code and carry
on conversations. As “chatbot” suggests, they are first being rolled out in conversational formats like
ChatGPT and Bing.
But that’s not going to last long. Microsoft and Google have already announced plans to
incorporate these A.I. technologies into their products. You’ll be able to use them to write a rough
draft of an email, automatically summarize a meeting and pull off many other cool tricks.
OpenAI also offers an A.P.I., or application programming interface, that other tech companies
can use to plug GPT-4 into their apps and products. And it has created a series of plug-ins from
companies like Instacart, Expedia and Wolfram Alpha that expand ChatGPT’s abilities.
A.I. in the medium term
Many experts believe A.I. will make some workers, including doctors, lawyers and computer
programmers, more productive than ever. They also believe some workers will be replaced.
“This will affect tasks that are more repetitive, more formulaic, more generic,” said Zachary
Lipton, a professor at Carnegie Mellon who specializes in artificial intelligence and its impact on
society. “This can liberate some people who are not good at repetitive tasks. At the same time, there
is a threat to people who specialize in the repetitive part.”
Human-performed jobs could disappear from audio-to-text transcription and translation. In the
legal field, GPT-4 is already proficient enough to ace the bar exam, and the accounting firm
PricewaterhouseCoopers plans to roll out an OpenAI-powered legal chatbot to its staff.
At the same time, companies like OpenAI, Google and Meta are building systems that let you
instantly generate images and videos simply by describing what you want to see.
Other companies are building bots that can actually use websites and software applications as a
human does. In the next stage of the technology, A.I. systems could shop online for your Christmas
presents, hire people to do small jobs around the house and track your monthly expenses.
All that is a lot to think about. But the biggest issue may be this: Before we have a chance to
grasp how these systems will affect the world, they will get even more powerful.
A.I. in the long term
For companies like OpenAI and DeepMind, a lab that’s owned by Google’s parent company, the
plan is to push this technology as far as it will go. They hope to eventually build what researchers
call artificial general intelligence, or A.G.I.—a machine that can do anything the human brain can do.
As Sam Altman, OpenAI’s chief executive, told me three years ago: “My goal is to build broadly
beneficial A.G.I. I also understand this sounds ridiculous.” Today, it sounds less ridiculous. But it is
still easier said than done.
For an A.I. to become an A.G.I., it will require an understanding of the physical world writ large.
And it is not clear whether systems can learn to mimic the length and breadth of human reasoning
and common sense using the methods that have produced technologies like GPT-4. New
breakthroughs will probably be necessary.
The question is, do we really want artificial intelligence to become that powerful? A very
important related question: Is there any way to stop it from happening?
The remedies for A.I.
Keeping a lid on dangerous A.I. technology will require far-reaching oversight. But experts are
not optimistic.
“We need a regulatory system that is international,” said Aviv Ovadya, a researcher at the
Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society at Harvard who helped test GPT-4 before its release.
“But I do not see our existing government institutions being about to navigate this at the rate that is
necessary.”
As we told you earlier this week, more than 1,000 technology leaders and researchers, including
Elon Musk, have urged artificial intelligence labs to pause development of the most advanced
systems, warning in an open letter that A.I. tools present “profound risks to society and humanity.”
A.I. developers are “locked in an out-of-control race to develop and deploy ever more powerful
digital minds that no one—not even their creators—can understand, predict or reliably control,”
according to the letter.
Some experts are mostly concerned about near-term dangers, including the spread of
disinformation and the risk that people would rely on these systems for inaccurate or harmful
medical and emotional advice.
But other critics are part of a vast and influential online community called rationalists or
effective altruists, who believe that A.I could eventually destroy humanity. This mindset is reflected
in the letter.
Adapted from: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/31/ technology/ai-chatbots-benefits-
dangers.html
1. [Q2993371]
Comparing the aims of articles I and II, it can be said that
a ) one opposes the other.
b ) they discredit each other.
c ) both talk about the same subject.
d ) both talk about diverse themes.
e ) neither of them talk about the deleterious effect of A.I on society.
Disciplinas/Assuntos vinculados: Língua Inglesa > Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto.
Fonte: Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV 2023 / Câmara dos Deputados Camara dos Deputados - BR / Analista Legislativo / Questão: 11
2. [Q2993372]
Based on the last part of text II, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).
I) The development of more advanced systems is just a matter of time.
II) Aviv Ovadya believes government institutions will soon regulate A.I.
III) Some people believe that society is on the verge of a collapse due to A.I.
The statements are, respectively,
a ) T – F – T.
b ) F – F – T.
c ) F – T – F.
d ) F – T – T.
e ) T – F – F.
Disciplinas/Assuntos vinculados: Língua Inglesa > Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto.
Fonte: Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV 2023 / Câmara dos Deputados Camara dos Deputados - BR / Analista Legislativo / Questão: 12
3. [Q2993374]
It can be inferred from text I that ChatGPT seems to
a ) be averse to A.I.
b ) disregard the relevance of A.I.
c ) present an unbiased opinion on A.I.
d ) be biased against A.I.
e ) be biased in favor of A.I.
Disciplinas/Assuntos vinculados: Língua Inglesa > Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto.
Fonte: Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV 2023 / Câmara dos Deputados Camara dos Deputados - BR / Analista Legislativo / Questão: 13
4. [Q2993376]
In text I, one reads: “the future of artificial intelligence is a double-edged sword”. This statement is
exemplified in what sentence found in text II?
a ) “Generative A.I.s can already answer questions, write poetry, generate computer code and
carry on conversations.”
b ) “You’ll be able to use them to write a rough draft of an email, automatically summarize a
meeting and pull off many other cool tricks.”
c ) “Many experts believe A.I. will make some workers, including doctors, lawyers and computer
programmers, more productive than ever. They also believe some workers will be replaced.”
d ) “Before we have a chance to grasp how these systems will affect the world, they will get even
more powerful.”
e ) “Today, it sounds less ridiculous. But it is still easier said than done.”
Disciplinas/Assuntos vinculados: Língua Inglesa > Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto.
Fonte: Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV 2023 / Câmara dos Deputados Camara dos Deputados - BR / Analista Legislativo / Questão: 14
5. [Q2993385]
When it is stated in text II that “New breakthroughs will probably be necessary,” it is implied that
without new advancements in A.I., it is likely that artificial general intelligence will be
a ) unachievable.
b ) feasible.
c ) carried out.
d ) attainable.
e ) doable.
Disciplinas/Assuntos vinculados: Língua Inglesa > Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto.
Fonte: Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV 2023 / Câmara dos Deputados Camara dos Deputados - BR / Analista Legislativo / Questão: 17
6. [Q2993387]
The alternative which is mentioned in both texts as a dire consequence caused by A.I. to society is
a ) AI-driven transportation systems.
b ) job displacement.
c ) OpenAI-powered legal chatbot.
d ) medical diagnoses.
e ) online shopping.
Disciplinas/Assuntos vinculados: Língua Inglesa > Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto.
Fonte: Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV 2023 / Câmara dos Deputados Camara dos Deputados - BR / Analista Legislativo / Questão: 18
7. [Q2993388]
The position of some critics in text II is that the situation described
a ) could occasionally revive society.
b ) will offer no harm.
c ) ought not to change.
d ) has already destroyed humanity.
e ) could finally annihilate people.
Disciplinas/Assuntos vinculados: Língua Inglesa > Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto.
Fonte: Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV 2023 / Câmara dos Deputados Camara dos Deputados - BR / Analista Legislativo / Questão: 19
Read Text I and answer the questions that follow it
Text I
What is English as a Lingua Franca?
‘English’, as a language, has for some time been seen as a global phenomenon and, therefore, as
no longer defined by fixed territorial, cultural and social functions. At the same time, people using
English around the world have been shaping it and adapting it to their contexts of use and have
made it relevant to their socio-cultural settings. English as a Lingua Franca, or ELF for short, is a
field of research interest that was born out of this tension between the global and the local, and it
originally began as a ramification of the World Englishes framework in order to address the
international, or, rather, transnational perspective on English in the world. The field of ELF very
quickly took on a nature of its own in its attempt to address the communication, attitudes, ideologies
in transnational contexts, which go beyond the national categorisations of World Englishes (such as
descriptions of Nigerian English, Malaysian English and other national varieties). ELF research,
therefore, has built on World Englishes research by focusing on the diversity of English, albeit from
more transnational, intercultural and multilingual perspectives.
ELF is an intercultural medium of communication used among people from different socio-
cultural and linguistic backgrounds, and usually among people from different first languages.
Although it is possible that many people who use ELF have learnt it formally as a foreign language,
at school or in an educational institution, the emphasis is on using rather than on learning. And this
is a fundamental difference between ELF and English as a Foreign Language, or EFL, whereby
people learn English to assimilate to or emulate native speakers. In ELF, instead, speakers are
considered language users in their own right, and not failed native speakers or deficient learners of
English. Some examples of typical ELF contexts may include communication among a group of
neuroscientists, from, say, Belgium, Brazil and Russia, at an international conference on
neuroscience, discussing their work in English, or an international call concerning a business project
between Chinese and German business experts, or a group of migrants from Syria, Ethiopia and Iraq
discussing their migration documents and requirements in English. The use of English will of course
depend on the linguistic profile of the participants in these contexts, and they may have another
common language at their disposal (other than English), but today ELF is the most common medium
of intercultural communication, especially in transnational contexts.
So, research in ELF pertains to roughly the same area of research as English as a contact
language and English sociolinguistics. However, the initial impetus to conducting research in ELF
originated from a pedagogical rationale – it seemed irrelevant and unrealistic to expect learners of
English around the world to conform to native norms, British or American, or even to new English
national varieties, which would be only suitable to certain socio-cultural and geographical locations.
So, people from Brazil, France, Russia, Mozambique, or others around the world, would not need to
acquire the norms originated and relevant to British or American English speakers, but could
orientate themselves towards more appropriate and relevant ways of using English, or ELF.
Researchers called for “closing a conceptual gap” between descriptions of native English varieties
and new empirical and analytical approaches to English in the world. With the compilation of a
number of corpora, ELF empirical research started to explore how English is developing, emerging
and changing in its international uses around the world. Since the empirical corpus work started,
research has expanded beyond the pedagogical aim, to include explorations of communication in
different domains of expertise (professional, academic, etc.) and in relation to other concepts and
research, such as culture, ideology and identity.
Adapted from https://www.gold.ac.uk/glits-e/ back-issues/english-as-a-lingua-franca/
8. [Q2922063]
The main objective of Text I is to:
a ) solve a problem.
b ) convey a request.
c ) demystify a view.
d ) explain a concept.
e ) break a stereotype.
Disciplinas/Assuntos vinculados: Língua Inglesa > Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto.
Fonte: Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV 2023 / Prefeitura de Jaboatão dos Guararapes - PE / Professor - Área: Língua Inglesa / Questão:
46
9. [Q2922067]
Based on Text I, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE (F)
( ) English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) and as a Foreign Language (EFL) present different
perspectives.
( ) In an ELF context, learners look up to native language speakers as models.
( ) Research in the area of ELF has involved areas other than pedagogical settings.
The statements are, respectively:
a ) T – F – T.
b ) T – T – F.
c ) T – F – F.
d ) F – T – T.
e ) F – T – F.
Disciplinas/Assuntos vinculados: Língua Inglesa > Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto.
Fonte: Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV 2023 / Prefeitura de Jaboatão dos Guararapes - PE / Professor - Área: Língua Inglesa / Questão:
47
10. [Q2922069]
The 3rd paragraph of Text I focuses on
a ) views on English-speaking countries.
b ) pedagogical applications for EFL.
c ) investigations in the field of ELF.
d ) tools to enhance learning.
e ) norms of language use.
Disciplinas/Assuntos vinculados: Língua Inglesa > Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto.
Fonte: Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV 2023 / Prefeitura de Jaboatão dos Guararapes - PE / Professor - Área: Língua Inglesa / Questão:
48
Gabarito
Criado em: 15/03/2025 às 20:37:21
(1 = c ) (2 = a ) (3 = e ) (4 = c ) (5 = a ) (6 = b ) (7 = e ) (8 = d ) (9 = a ) (10 = c )
