July 23, 1940. E. J.

BU ARD 2,209,071
GRINDING AND LAPPING MACHINE
Filed July 24, 1937 4. Sheets-Sheet l

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July 23, 1940. E. J. BULLARD 2,209,07
GRINDING AND LAPPING MAGNE
Filed July 24, 1937 4. Sheets-Sheet 2

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ATTORNEY
 E. J. BULLARO 2,209,071
GRINDING AND LAPPING MACHINE
Filed July 24, l937 4. Sheets-Sheet 3

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ATTORNEY
July 23, 1940. E. J. BULLARD 2,209,071
GRINDING AND LAPPING MACHINE
Filed July 24, 1937 4. Sheets-Sheet 4

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 Patented July 23, 1940 2,209,071

UNITED STATES
2,209,071
PATENT OFFICE
GRNDING AND LAPPING MACHINE
Earl J. Bullard, Altadena, Calif.
Application July 24, 1937, Serial No. 155,490
11 Claims. (C. 51-131)
This invention relates to machines known in Figure 5 is a fragmentary vertical cross section
the art as lapping machines, for lapping and Sur taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 3,
Figure 6 is a fragmentary vertical cross sec
facing various products of manufacture, such as
flat valves, thrust washers, piston rings, and tion taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 3,
Figure 7 is a fragmentary vertical cross sec
other forms of flat work.
' The general object of the invention is to pro tion taken on the line T-T of Figure 3,
Figure 8 is a fragmentary vertical cross sec
vide an improved lapping machine for grinding
and surfacing its work on a mass-production tion taken9 on the line G-8 of Figure 2,
basis more perfectly than is otherwise possible, lap,Figure is a transverse vertical section of the
illustrating the configuration of its upper O
10 in order to obtain greater accuracy, a higher lapping surface,
degree of finish, a finer surface quality, closer Figure 10 is a fragmentary vertical longitudinal
tolerances, and more perfect interchangeability Section of a pair of flat valve members, illustrat
of parts than is otherwise obtainable.
Antoher object is to provide a lapping machine ing the concaved configuration produced by my
machine of the adjoining coacting flat surfaces 5
5. in which the work is held against a rotating lap
of said members, and,
by its own or added weight and subjected to a Figure 11 is a transverse vertical section of a,
great variety of novel motions with relation to modification of the lap for grinding convex sur
the lap, whereby the abrading action of the lap
is very evenly distributed on the work and faces.
Corresponding parts are designated by the 20
20 extremely accurate grinding and Surfacing of the Same reference characters in all of the views of
work is accomplished.
Another object is to provide a lapping machine theReferring
annexed drawings.
with particularity to the drawings,
Of the character stated with improved detachable designates a supporting frame comprising a
Work holders by means of which a considerable base 2, a base plate 3 resting upon and extending
25 number of work pieces may be conveniently and beyond said base, a plurality of legs 4 upstand
effectively loaded onto the machine in position
to be ground and surfaced, and unloaded from ing from said base plate and joined at their
upper ends respectively to a plurality of hori
the machine when ground and surfaced.
A further object is to provide a lapping ma ZOntalhub 6
arms 5 extending radially from a tubular
disposed centrally of the machine. The 30
30 chine for grinding slightly concaved or convex base plate 3 is further supported beyond the base
Surfaces on the work, and is particularly useful 2 by adjustable rests 7, which rest upon the floor
for grinding the bearing surfaces of the members or other surface 8 upon which also rests the base
of flat valves So that when the two members of 2. The hub 6 is formed at its upper end with
each of such valves are assembled with their an external fiange 9 (Figure 4), the upper por
35 concaved bearing Surfaces together, an oil space tion of which is reduced in diameter as at 0,
is provided between said surfaces, which space forming an annular, external shoulder if at the
is closed by contact of the peripheral edges of said base of said reduced portion. A circular pan 2
bearing surfaces of said members, whereby oil is provided in its bottom wall 3 with a central
may be sealed in said space for lubricating said opening - 4 through which extends the reduced 40
40 bearing surfaces indefinitely. flange portion 0 of the hub 6, and said bottom
Other objects and advantages of my invention, wall 3 of said pan rests around the edge of its
will appear hereinafter. said opening upon the shoulder if of said hub.
With the above and other objects in view, the Said pan (2 is constructed with an annular par
invention consists in the novel and useful pro tition 5 upstanding from the bottom wall 13, 45
45 vision, formation, construction, association, and which partition forms an annular receptacle 6
relative arrangement of parts, members and fea between itself and the outside vertical Wall T of
tures, all as disclosed in a certain embodiment the pan 2, and forms an inner auxiliary pan 8.
in the accompanying drawings, described gen A vertical main shaft 9 extends through the
erally, and more particularly pointed Out in the hub 6 and is journaled in said hub in a ball bear
50 claims. ing 20, and at its lower end in an end-thrust 50
In the drawings: bearing 2 (Figure 1) mounted upon the base
Figure 1 is a side elevation of my invention, plate 3. On Said base plate is also mounted an
Figure 2 is a plan view of my invention, electric motor 22, the shaft 23 of which drives a
Figure 3 is a fragmentary transverse vertical reduction gearing 24 also mounted on said base 55
55 Section on an enlarged scale of my invention, plate 3. On the upper end of the driven shaft
taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2, 25 of the reduction gearing 24 is secured a pair
Figure 4 is a fragmentary transverse vertical of sprockets 26 and 27, and on the main shaft
Section, on an enlarged scale, of my invention, 9 below the hub 6 is secured a pair of sprockets
60 taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 2,
28 and 29. A chain 30 extends over the sprockets 60
 2 2,209,071
26 and 28, and a chain 3 extends over the the supporting frame , there being a dust pack
sprockets 27 and 29, whereby the main shaft. 9 ing 64 in the groove 63 engaged by said rim flange
is driven by the motor 22 through the reduction
gearing 24. 62 forming a dust seal to prevent dust entering
5 On the upper end portion of the main shaft the upper side of the ball bearing 20. The lower
f 9 is mounted a turntable 32 (Figures 3 and 4), end 65 of the hub 36 of the turntable frame 33 5
which comprises a circular supporting frame 33, rests upon the inner ring 66 of the ball bearing
a plurality of supporting arms 34 and a disc 35. 20, upon which ring also rests an annular shoul
der 67 formed on the main shaft 9. An ad
() The frame 33 is formed with a hub 36 which is justing ring 68 is secured on the main shaft 9,
fitted on the upper end portion of the main shaft below the ball bearing 20, within the hub 6 of O
9 and is welded to the upper edge of said shaft the supporting frame , by a screw 69, and in
at 37. The supporting arms 34 are secured at Said adjusting ring is seated an adjusting screw
their inner ends by bolts 38 to a depending rim 70, the upper end of which engages the lower side
39 on the outer edge of the supporting frame 33. of the ring 66 of the ball bearing 20. A dust
The disc 35 rests and is supported upon the Sup cap ring , surrounding the rim flange 62, is
porting frame 33 and Supporting arms 36, and is Secured to said flange and extends downwardly
secured to said frame in the manner hereinafter at a slight angle over the outer portion of the
described. On the turntable 32 is mounted a lap dust groove 63, and the outer edge of the flange
40, which comprises an annular slab of marble 9 of the hub 6 of the supporting frame , for
and rests centrally upon the turntable disc 35. shielding said dust groove from dust, grit and 20
The upper surface 4f of said lap is slightly con dirt.
vex and inclines transversely slightly downwardly On the upper side of the upper flange 54 of the
to its outer upper edge as shown in Figure 9 of the hub 50 rests a bearing disc 2 formed with a de
drawings on an exaggerated scale. A band 42 is pending peripheral rim flange 73 which fits over
fitted tightly òn the periphery of the turntable the peripheral edge of said hub flange 54, said
disc 35, extending above and below said disc, and 25
in the upper portion of said band are adjustably disc 2 being formed with a central opening 74
threaded a plurality of set-screws 43 which are through which extends the auxiliary upper shaft
spaced around said band and engage the outer 46. A plurality of Superimposed adjusting discs
side of the lap 40 for centering said lap on the 75 are supported upon the bearing disc 2 and are
turntable 32. In the upper end of the main shaft provided with central openings 76 through which 30
9 is formed a threaded Socket 44 in which is the auxiliary upper shaft 45 extends, certain of
screw seated the lower threaded end 65 of an Said discs being of different thicknesses and the
thinnest of said discs being at the top of the
35 auxiliary upper shaft 46, which shaft extends Stack of Said discs. Upon the top of the stack
through a central opening 7 in the turntable of discs 75 is mounted a circular crown block 7,
disc 35, the portion 48 of said upper shaft which which is provided with a circular opening 78 3.5
extends through said opening being slightly re through
duced, forming an annular shoulder 49 at the 46, and iswhich extends the auxiliary upper shaft
formed with a concentric circular re
upper end of said reduced portion, which shoul cess 79 in its lower side which receives the upper
40 der engages the upper face of the turntable disc
end of the stack of discs 75. Upon the crown 40
35 for clamping said disc tightly against the up block
per end of the main shaft 9 when the lower 8? and77aisplurality mounted a spider 80 comprising a hub
threaded end 45 of the upper shaft 46 is screwed five, extending fromofsaid radial arms 82, preferably
hub. The spider hub
home in the threaded socket 44 in the upper end
45 of said main shaft. On the upper shaft 46 im 8 rests upon the upper side of the crown block
mediately above the turntable disc 35 is fitted a hub77 and is bolted to said block by bolts 83, said 45
hub 50, which is keyed to said shaft by a key 5, through being provided with a central opening 84
said key being secured in said shaft by a set Screw 46. On the which extends the auxiliary upper shaft
52 in said hub. The hub 50 is formed with an upper end of the auxiliary shaft 46 is
50 external base flange 53 and an external upper secured a sprocket 85 by means of a set screw
86 threaded in the hub 87 of said sprocket and 50
flange 54, said base flange being formed on its engaging
lower side and at its outer edge with a depending der arm 82said shaft. The outer end of each spi
is bifurcated at 88, forming a pair of
annular embossment 55, which rests upon the extension arm members 89 and 90, the arm mem
upper surface of the turntable disc 35 and is se
55 cured thereto by bolts 56, which extend down ber 90 being spaced above the arm member 89.
wardly through said disc and into the upper wall end Each spider arm 82 is also formed at the inner 55
57 of the turntable supporting frame 33, in embossment of lower arm member 89 with a depending
threaded engagement therewith, said bolts clamp cured, by bolts 9 , to the lower side of which is se
ing the disc 35 between the hub flange 53 and 92 and nuts 93, the inner end of
60 the supporting frame wall 57 and Securing said a fork 94, formed with a pair of horizontally
disc firmly to said wall 57. A ring 58 surrounds spaced
embOSSment
OutWardly-extending fork arms 95, said 60
9 offsetting and spacing said fork
the base flange 53 of the hub 50 and is Secured below the lower spider arm member 89.
to the upper side of the disc 35 by bolts 59, there On the fork 94 of each Spider arm 82 a work
being a plurality of set screws 60 seated in said
65 ring in spaced relation around said ring for en holder 96 is rotatably suspended by means of a
gaging the inner side of the lap 40, which set suspension
prises a
bearing 9. The work holder 96 com
work-holding disc 98, formed with a cen
screws coact with the set screws 43, engaging the
outer side of said lap, for centering Said lap On tral upstanding hub 99. The bore of of the hub
99 is enlarged at its lower end at 02, and at its
the turntable 32. The turntable hub 36 is formed upper
with an external flange 6 near its lower end, 04 at end at 03, forming an annular shoulder
the upper end of Said lower bore enlarge
which flange extends over the ball bearing 20 ment
and is formed at its outer edge with a depending end ofand an annular shoulder 05 at the lower
said upper bore enlargement. The Work
annular rim flange 62 which extends into an an holding disc 98 is formed with a plurality of work
nular dust groove 63 in the upper side of the ex
s ternal flange 9 on the upper end of the hub 6 of holder openings 06 to receive a plurality of work
holding members 07 respectively, each of which 75
 2,209,071 3
work holders being in the form of a ring loosely extends a set screw 9 threaded in the outer end
fitted in one of said openings 06 and formed of the extension member 90, whereby said hub
at its upper edge with an external annular flange is maintained against vertical displacement in
08 which rests upon the upper surface of the Said spider arm extension members 89 and 90.
Work-holding disc 98, around said opening, and On said sprocket hub 7 between said spider arm
Suspends the Work holder on said disc in said extension members 89 and 90 is fitted a sprocket
Opening, as illustrated in Figure 4 of the draw 120, which turnably rests upon a Washer 12 Sur
ings. A plurality of screws 09 are threaded in rounding said hub and resting upon the upper
the upper side of the work-holding disc 98 in side of the spider arm extension member 89, said
O Such position that the heads of certain of Said Sprocket being formed with a slot 22 extending O
Screws may respectively engage the flanges 08 from its hub opening to receive the outer end of
of two work holding members O, while the a set screw 23 seated in Said hub f, whereby
heads of the other screws may respectively en the sprocket 20 is keyed on said hub. On the .
gage the flanges 08 of three of said work hold upper end of the hub ft, above the spider arm.
ers, to prevent the work holders from moving up extension member 90, is fitted a sprocket 24
wardly out of the openings 06 of the work-hold which is detachably secured on said hub by set
ing disc 98, said screws being so adjusted as to Screws 25, each of which is threaded partly in
provide a little play between their heads and the the periphery of Said hub and partly in the edge
flanges 08 of the Work-holding members O7 of the hub opening in said sprocket, said sprocket
20 so that said Work-holding members may rotate tunably resting upon the upper side of Said 20
freely in the openings f06 of the work-holding spider arm extension member 90. The suspension
discs 98. The suspension bearing 9 comprises bearing 97 is clutched to the sprocket hub T by
a bearing disc O and a stud depending cen a clutch 26, which comprises a male member
trally from said disc into the bore 10 of the hub 27, upstanding from the bottom of a recess 28
99 of the work holder 96, said stud being enlarged in the upper side of the bearing disc 0, and a
for a short length from said bearing disc as at female member 29 in the lower end of a slidable
2 to fit in the enlarged upper end 03 of Said stud 30 splined in the sprocket hub by a
hub bore with the lower end of said stud enlarge spline 3, which is adjustably secured in said
ment or hub 2 engaging the shoulder 05 in the hub by the set screws 23. Said clutch stud 30
30 upper end of the hub bore, whereby the bearing extends upwardly from above the upper end of the 30
disc G is spaced a predetermined distance above hub 7 and a disc handle 32 of larger diameter
the bearing disc OO of the work holder 96, so than said hub is secured on the upper end of Said
that the fork arms 95 may be extended between stud by a screw 33, by means of which handle
said bearing discs with the upper disc 10 under the clutch stud 30 may be lowered or raised in
35 the lower spider arm member 89, and the en the hub 7 to engage or disengage the clutch 3.
larged upper portion portion or hub f 2 of the 26. The clutch 26 may be locked in engaged
stud inserted between said fork arms against or disengaged position by a ball spring lock 34,
the inner end 3 thereof, with a turning fit mounted in the sprocket hub ii., to engage a
between the discs iOO and 0 and the lower notch 35 in the stud 30, to lock said stud in
40 and upper sides respectively of Said fork arms, its lowered position with the clutch members 27 40
and with a turning fit of said stud enlargement and 29 engaged, as shown in Figure 4, and to
2 between said fork arms 95, and against the engage a notch 36 in said stud to lock a stud in
crotch 3 of the fork 94, as shown in Figure 4 its raised position with the clutch members 27
of the drawings. A set screw i? 4 extends through and 129, disengaged. A chain í31 extends over
45 a disc 5 in the lower enlarged portion f O2 of the sprockets 85 and 24, whereby the work hold
the hub bore í0 í and is threaded in the lower er 96 which is suspended on the Spider arm 82
end of the stud of the suspension bearing - on which the sprocket 24 is journaled, is rotated
97, so that upon turning said set screw, the head from the main shaft 9 and auxiliary shaft 46
thereof engages the lower side of said disc 5 and through the medium of the hub fill, clutch 26,
50 holds the upper side thereof against the hub and suspension bearing 97. A chain 38 extends
shoulder 04, while the engagement of the Set over the sprockets 20 on each of the spider arms
screw 4 with the stud draws said Suspension 82, whereby the work holders 96 on all of the
bearing downwardly with relation to the Work spider arms 82, except the arm on which the
holder 96, the stud and its enlarged upper sprocket 24 is journaled, are rotated by the
55 portion i 2 being drawn downwardly respectively sprocket 20, journaled on said arm. All of the 55
in the hub bore 0 and its upper enlarged por sprockets i 20 are of different diameters and con
tion 03 until the bearing disc 0 is drawn close sequently are caused by the chains 38 to rotate
enough to the bearing disc 100 so that said discs at different speeds and to rotate the work holders
will be brought against the upper and lower sides 96 at correspondingly different Speeds.
60 respectively of the fork arms 95 to the proper The spider 80, work holders 96, crown block TT, 60
turning fit of said discs, respectively, against said adjusting discs. T5 and bearing disc 54 are held
sides of said fork arms. When the bearing discs against rotation with the auxiliary upper shaft
0 and 00 are adjusted to proper fitting relation 46, by means of a stop 40, which includes a
to the upper and lower sides of the fork arms bracket 4 pivoted at its lower end by a pivot
65 95 as aforesaid, said discs are fixed in such ad 42 between and to a pair of vertical guides 43
justed relation by a pin 6 driven through the secured to the Outside of the vertical wall 7 of
hub 99 of the work holder 96 and the stud i? the pan 2, which bracket is bent inwardly at its
of the suspension bearing 97. upper end at right angles into an arm 44 which
In the spider arm extension members 89 and is extended between the arms 95 of one of the
70 90 is journaled a sprocket hub with which spider arm forks 94. A thumb screw 45 extends
the work holder 96 is axially aligned when the through the bracket 4 above its pivot f42 and
upper enlarged portion 2 of the suspension is threaded in the side wall of pan 2, so that
bearing stud f l l is in engagement with the crotch the head of said set Screw may be brought against
3 of the fork arms 95, said sprocket hub being said bracket to hold it against said wall 7 and
75 formed with a peripheral groove 8 into which the bracket arm 44 in engagement with the
 4. 2,209,071
fork 50 is maintained in operative position on the
94 between its arms 95, as illustrated in lap
Figures 1 and 2. by means of guide pins 83 and 84, the lower
Grit and oil are Supplied to the upper grind ends of Which extend through holes 85 and 86
ing surface 4 of the lap 40 at a suitable point in the inner and outer ends, respectively, of the
between the outer and inner edges of said sur forward weighted side of the scraper bar 7,
face by a pipe f46, which pipe is controlled by a Said guide pins being Secured at their upper ends
valve 4. Clear oil is supplied to the grinding in guide' bars 87 and fa8 by nuts 89 and 90,
surface 4f of the lap by a pipe 48 through a which guide bars are clamped upon the sections
plurality of valve-controlled spouts or cocks f49 57 and 58 of the oil pipe f48 by clamps 9,
O depending therefron. Grit and oil are re each of which clamps comprises a clamp member O
moved from the grinding surface 4f of the lap 92, a bolt f$3 extending downwardly through
by a scraper 50 located rearwardly of the grit One of Said guide bars and said clamp member,
pipe 46. Clear oil is supplied to the grinding and a nut 94 on the lower end of said bolt en
surface 4 of the lap by a pipe 5 through two gaging the lower side of said clamp member and
5 depending branches 52 and 53 thereof at the drawing Said clamp member against the lower 5
rear of the scraper 50, said branches being con side of said pipe sections (see Figure 5).
trolled by valves 54 and 55, respectively. The Work holdiers 96 with the work, such as
The oil pipe 48 is formed in a plurality of sec flat valve members 95, positioned in the work
tions 56, 57, 58 and 59. The section f 56 ex holding members 0, are loaded successively on
20 tends downwardly from a source of oil supply the machine from an elongated loading table 20
(not shown) to the outer end of the section 157, 96, which is positioned at the right side of the
which extends in Wardly horizontally across and machine, as shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the
above the lap 40. The section 58 extends out drawings, the top 97 of which table being level,
wardly horizontally across and above the lap 40, With the upper surface 4 of the lap 40 and
25 parallel to the Section 5 and is spaced forward formed with an extension 98 at its inner end, 25
ly of said section f3. The section 59 extends extending into a rabbet 99 in the upper edge of
downwardly from the outer end of the Section 58 Said lap, the inner end edge 200 of said extension
into the annular pain receptacle 6. The lower being curved to conform to the curvature of the
end of the section 56 is connected to the outer inner peripheral side 20 of Said rabbet.
30 end of the section 57 by an elbow 60. The The Work holders 96, with the finished work 30
inner end of the Section 57 is connected to the 95 in their work-holding members i 07, are suc
inner end of the section 58 by elbows 6. The cessively unloaded from the machine onto an un
outer end of the Section 58 is connected to the loading table 202 which is positioned at the left
upper end of the Section 59 by an elbow 62. side, of the machine, as shown in Figures 1 and 2
35 The oil pipe 48 is suspended by clips 63 and of the drawings, the top 203 of which table being 35
64 from a horizontal Suspension rod 65, which level. With the upper surface 4 of the lap 40 and
is seated at its inner end in a bore 66 (Figure 4) formed at its inner side with an extension 204
in the crown block TT and is secured in said which extends into the rabbet 99 in the upper.
block at its inner end by a pin f6 7. The clip f63 edge of said lap, the inner edge 205 of said ex
40 is positioned on the suspension rod 65 near the tension being curved to conform to the curvature 40
crown block 77 while the clip 64 is positioned on of the inner peripheral side 20 of said rabbet.
the said rod near the outer end thereof. Each The top 203 is formed with upturned flanges 206
of the clips 63 and 64 comprises a piece of strap along three of its edges, leaving its inner edge
metal bent in the form of an intermediate loop Open. So that each work holder 96 may be slid off
45 f68, which straddles the suspension rod 65 and a. Spider arm fork 94 upon the top extension 24 45
bent at its ends, below said loop, outwardly and and onto the top 203, said flanges preventing the
upwardly in the form of upturned hooks is and work holder from sliding off said top.
70 in which rest the sections 57 and 58, respec The unloading table 202 is mounted on castors
tively, of the oil pipe 48. 207, So that said table may be moved away from
50 The scraper 50 comprises an angle bar , a the machine with a work holder 96 thereon to 50
pair of Scraperblades 72 and 73, and a plurality deliver said work holder, after removing the fin
of weights 74. The blades 2 and 3 are ad ished work of therefrom, onto the top 9 of
justably secured to the forward and rear sides, the loading table 96 to receive other work and
respectively, of the angle bar , by screws 5 to be again loaded onto the machine for surfac
55 and 76, respectively, which screws are threaded ing said work, as will be hereinafter more fully 55
in Said blades, respectively, and extend through described.
lateral slots and 78, respectively, in said for The lap 40' shown in Figure 11 has a concaved
Ward and rear sides of said angle bar, with the grinding surface for grinding-surfaces on the
heads, respectively, of said screws engaging said work of different contour from that shown in
60 forward and rear sides, said blades being posi Figure 10. 60
tioned and adjusted by said screws, respectively, The Operation, uses and advantages of my in
So that their outer edges 79 and 80, respective Vention are as follows:. .
ly, extend below the edges of said forward side ASSunning the work holders 96 to be mounted
and said rear side of said angle bar and rest upon on the Spider arm forks 94, as illustrated in Fig
the upper grinding surface 4 of the lap 40. The ures 1,2 and 4 of the drawings, with flat valve 65
weights 4 are detachably positioned on the for members 95 positioned in the work holding
ward side of the angle bar 7 by means of pins members 0 of said work holders, and the fiat
f8 upstanding from said forward side which are bearing surfaces 95 of said valve members
received in bores 82 in said weights. The pins resting upon the upper grinding surface 4 of
8 are Spaced longitudinally along the forward the lap 40, as illustrated in Figures 4 and 8 of 70
side of the angle bar Ti and weights 74 may the drawings, upon closing the motor switch
be positioned on all or any of said pins to hold and running the motor 22, the main shaft 9,
the edges 79 and 80 of the blades 72 and 73, turntable 32, auxiliary shaft 46, bearing hub 50,
respectively, in perfect contact with the upper and Sprocket 85 are rotated clockwise through the
grinding surface 4f of the lap 40. The scraper medium of the motor shaft 23, reduction gear
 2,209,071 5
24, and its driven shaft 25, sprockets 26 and 2, arms 95 of one of the spider arm forks 94. The
chains 30 and 3 and sprockets 28 and 29, where spider 80, together with crown block, adjusting
upon one of the work holders 96, as shown in discs 75 and bearing disc 2 are turned by hand
Figure 4, is rotated clockwise from the Sprocket on the auxiliary shaft 46, until one of the work
85 through the medium of chain 37, Sprocket holders 96 is opposite the table 202. The clutch
24, the sprocket hub 7 on which said sprocket 26 of said work holder is then disengaged by
is secured, and the clutch 26 and suspension pulling up the clutch stud 30, until the ball lock
bearing 97 for said work holder, while the other 34 engages the notch 36 in said stud and locks
work holders 96 are rotated clockwise from the Said Stud in its elevated position and the clutch
O sprocket 20 on said hub through the medium in its disengaged or inoperative position. Said 0.
of chain 38 and the sprockets 20, hubs. , work holder is then removed from its supporting
clutches 26 and suspension bearings 9 of Said fork 94 of the spider 80 onto the top 203 of the
other work holders, during which operation the table 202, the bearing disc 100 and the suspen
spider 80, crown block T, adjusting discs 5 and sion bearing 97 of said work holder sliding out
5 bearing disc 2 are held stationary or against Wardly off the arms 95 of said fork, The finished s
rotation by the stop 40 with its arm 44 en Work or valvemenbers 95 are then removed from
gaging the work arms 95 of one of the spider the Workholding members 07 of said work holder
arm forks 94, the lower bearing surface 2' of 96, and the table 202 with said unloaded work
the bearing disc 72 resting upon the rotating holder on the table top 203 is rolled away from
20 upper bearing surface 54 of the rotating upper the left side of the machine to the stationary 20
hub bearing disc 54. Rotation of the lap and table 96, into position with the extension 204
the work holders moves the flat surfaces 95 of of said table 203 toward the top 9 of said sta
the valve members 95 in the work holders Over tionary table. The unloaded work holder 96 is
the lap grinding surface 4. While the above then moved off the top 203 over the extension 204
described movements are described as clockwise, of the table 202 onto the top 97 of the stationary
they could be counter clockwise, or any combina table. 96. The table 202 is then rolled back to
tion of clockwise and counter-clockwise move its receiving position at the left side of the ma
ments. Grit and oil are applied to the upper 'ch?ne, The spider 80, together with all parts
grinding surface 4f of the lap 40, at a point near-. mounted thereon, is again turned by hand until
30 er the inner than the outer edge of the lap and , the next work holder 96 is opposite the table 80
forwardly of the scraper 50, by the pipe 46, 202, and said work holder is moved off of the
upon opening the valve 47, and clear oil is ap Spider onto said table, where the finished work
plied at several points to the grinding surface. 4 is renoved from said work holder, and said table
of the lap 40 between the inner and outer edges is moved to the loading table 96 where said un
of the lap and forwardly of the scraper 50 by loaded Work holder is transferred from the table 35
the pipe 48 through the cocks f49 upon opening 202 onto said loading table along-side said first
said cocks. The position of the scraper 50 on work holder to be removed from the spider and
the grinding surface of the lap 40 is such that transferred to said loading table. The table 202
the grit and oil supplied by pipe 46 and the is then rolled back to its receiving position at the
40 clear oil supplied by pipe 48 to Said grinding left side of the machine. The spider 80 is turned 40
surface are scraped and distributed outwardly successively; the work holders 96 with the fin
over said surface by said Scraper, and the Surplus ished work i95 are removed successively from tºne
scraped into the annular pan receptacle 6. spider onto the table 202; the finished work
After the machine is run for a suitable period of is removed from the Work holders successively
45 time, the valve 47 is closed and no grit and oil on said table; the table 202 with the unloaded 45
are supplied by the pipe 46 to the lap grinding work holders is moved successively to the load
surface 4. The cocks 49 are allowed to re ing table , 96; and said work holders are trans
main open thereafter for a short time to apply ferred successively from said table 202 onto said
clear oil to the lap grinding surface 4 forward loading table, until all of the work holders are
50 ly of the scraper f30, while the valves 54 and removed from the spider of the machine and un SO
55 are opened so that the pipe 5 through its loaded and transferred to Said loading table. On
branches 52 and 53 will supply clear oil to the ly five work holders are shown in the drawings,
lap grinding surface 4 rearwardly of the scraper but ten work holders are actually used, so that
50 to enable said scraper to remove all grit from while five are in operation on the machine, five
the lap grinding surface 4 and the fiat Surfaces others are loaded on the table 97 ready for use. 55
95 of the valve members 95 in the work holders Increased production is made possible by using
96. The cocks 49 and valves 54 and 55 are five movable tables 202 for respectively removing
then partly closed for a short period to reduce the work holders from the machine and transfer
the supply of clear oil to the lap grinding Sur ring the same to the table 97 where they are al
60 face 4. The cocks 49 and valves 54 and 55 lowed to remain while five other previously load 60
are then completely closed and the clear oil shut ed work holders are loaded. On the machine, after
off completely from the lap grinding surface 4, which the finished Work is unloaded from said
and the machine is allowed to run until all oil work holders remaining on said table.
is removed from the lap grinding surface 4 by To load the machine, the work holders 96 on
5 the scraper 50 and directed by said Scraper into the loading table are loaded With the Work, Such 65
the annular pan receptacle 6, at which time the as the valve members 95 which are placed in
surfaces 95 of the valve members 95 are com the Work-holding members OT, with their work
pletely ground and surfaced by the grinding Sur ing surfaces 95 resting upon the top 97 of said
face 4 of the lap 40, whereupon the motor loading table; the loaded work holders 96 are
O switch is opened and the machine stops run successively moved along the loading table over 70
ning. m the table extension 98, and Onto the Spider forks
The set screw 45 of the stop 40 is then 94 successively, the spider 80 being rotated in
turned to moveoutwardly and release the stop, and termittently by hand to bring said forks Suc
the stop is swung outwardly on its pivot 42 cessively opposite the loading table to receive said
5 untilitsarm 44 is removed from between the fork work holders, and the hubs 2 of the Suspen 5
 6 2,209,071
sion bearings 97 of the work holders being intro While the work pieces generally are heavy
duced between the arms 95 of the forks 94 suc enough to rest of their own weight upon the
cessively, while the arms of said forks are intro lap for grinding, the work pieces, such as piston
duced between the beating discs 00 and 0 of rings and the like, when they are too light, may
the work holders successively, until the hubs be provided with weights to hold them against 5
2 engage the crotches 3 of Said forks, in the lap with sufficient pressure.
which position of said hubs the work holders are Through the combination of movements, ap
clutched respectively to the sprocket hubs , by plication of grit and liquids, speeds of lap and
the clutches 26, upon pushing down the clutch preSSure of Scraper, the wearing surface of the
O studs 30 until the male clutch members 27 en lap can be controlled, with regard to shape and O
gage the female clutch members 29 and the ball depreciation.
locks 34 engage the notches 35 in said clutch The tool marks are removed from the parts to
studs and lock said clutches in clutching position, be finished through the application of proper
as shown in Figure 4 of the drawings. The stop Speeds, liquid, grit, and material from which the
5 40 is then swung inwardly on its pivot 42 until lap or grinding wheel is made. 5
the stop arm 44 is introduced between the arms The grit and grit marks are removed by clean
95 of one of the forks 94 and the stop secured in ing the lap by applying certain liquids, speeds
such position by the thumb screws f45, as shown and length of operation.
in Figure 2 of the drawings. The final lapping and burnishing are pro
The machine now being again loaded, upon duced by application of proper liquids in kind 20
again starting the motor 22, the machine may and amount and speed producing the desired
again be run to grind and Surface the work 95, result, without removing the parts from the
as above described. machine. .
During the grinding and surfacing of the Work The Slight convexity of the lap grinding sur
25 pieces 95, the lap 40 is rotated clockwise on its face 4 grinds the bearing surfaces 95 of the
own axis, and the work holders 96 are rotated valve rhembers 195 with a very slight concavity,
clockwise on their own axes, at different Speeds so that when the two members 95 of a valve
from that of the lap and from each other, while are assembled, with their said bearing surfaces
contact of the Work pieces with the lap causes 95' together, as shown in Figure 10 of the draw
30 said workpieces to rotate clockwise, and said work ings, only the outer peripheral edges 208 of said 30
pieces, by their contact with the inner surface bearing Surfaces touch, while said surfaces are
of the work-holding members 07, to rotate said Spaced slightly apart inwardly from said edges
members clockwise, at different speeds from that at distances increasing progressively to the center
of the work holders 96 and the lap 40, all of of said valve members, at which central point
which motions being produced simultaneouly and the distance between the bearing surfaces 95" of 35
causing the work pieces to move over the grinding the valve members is approximately .000025 of
surface 4f of the lap, thus greatly diversifying an inch. The space 209 formed between said
the line of travel of the work pieces over the lap concaved bearing surfaces of said valve men
grinding surface 4 f, and causing the abrading ac bers is large enough to contain sufficient oil to
40 tion of the lap to be very evenly distributed over lubricate said bearing surfaces indefinitely, which 40
the surfaces 95 of the work pieces f$5 whereby oil is indefinitely retained in said space by the
extremely accurate grinding and surfacing of the contacting peripheral edges 28 of said bearing
work is produced. Further variation of the path Surfaces, which close said lubricating space exh
of travel of the work over the l?p grinding sur tirely around the same.
45 face 4 may be produced by unscrewing the set claim:
Screw 86 from the auxiliary shaft 46, and turn 1. In a lapping machine, a rotatable lap, a
ing the sprocket 85 to a different position on the Suspension fork, a rotatable work holder formed
auxiliary shaft 46, and then securing said With a bearing disc, a suspension bearing formed
sprocket in said position on said shaft by said set with a bearing disc and a depending stud shaft
50 screw. Such change of position of the sprocket Secured in said work holder with the bearing
85 on the auxiliary shaft 46 changes every posi disc of Said Suspension bearing spaced above the
tion of the work pieces upon the lap grinding bearing disc of said work holder, so that said
surface 4, and tends to break up the regular stud shaft may be inserted between the arms of
movements between the lap and the work hold Said Suspension fork and said fork arms inserted
55 ers, which causes the laps to wear evenly, andbetween Said, bearing discs for rotatably sus 55
pending said work holder upon said suspension
produces an even finer grinding of the surfaces
95' of the Work pieces 95. fork in position for holding the work upon said
As the lap grinding surface 4 is worn down lap, and means for rotating said work holder
from grinding the workpieces 95 and the lower while Suspended upon said suspension fork for
60 surfaces 95' of the work pieces are thereby low enabling Said lap to grind and surface the work
ered too far below the lower ends of the work held in said work holder.
holding members (7 for their effective holding 2. In a lapping machine, a rotatable lap, a
and grinding of said work pieces, the work hold Supporting arm, a suspension fork mounted on
ers 96 may be lowered closer to the lap grinding Said Supporting arm, a rotatable work holder
65 surface 4 to their most effective holding and formed with a bearing disc, a suspension bearing
grinding position as shown in Figure 4, by re formed with a bearing disc, and a depending
moving one or more of the adjusting discs T5 stud shaft secured in said work holder, with the
from under the crown block 77 and lowering said bearing discs of said suspension bearing and said
crown block upon the remaining uppermost ad work holder, respectively, spaced one above the
70 justing disc which lowers the spider 80 and the other, so that said stud shaft may be inserted 70
work holders 96 a distance equal to the thickness between the arms of said fork and said fork
of the removed adjusting disc or discs 75, and the arms inserted between said bearing discs, for ro
wear of the lap grinding surface is thus taken tatably suspending said work holder upon said
up for the most effective grinding and surfacing suspension fork in position for holding the work
75 operation of the machine. upon said lap, a hub journaled in said support 75
 2,209,071 7
ing arm, a clutch stud splined in said hub, a means for securing said latter sprocket to said
clutch constructed and arranged to be engaged shaft in different positions to which said sprock
upon depressing said clutch stud and to be dis et is turned on said shaft, a chain extending
engaged upon lifting said clutch stud, and means over said sprockets, other sprockets on said hubs
for rotating said hub with said clutch engaged respectively, and a chain extending over said
for rotating said work holder while suspended other Sprockets,
upon said suspension fork, for enabling said lap 7. In a lapping machine, a rotatable lap, a
to grind and surface the Work held in said work shaft mounted to rotate with said lap, a bearing
holder. disc Secured on said shaft to rotate therewith, a
0. 3. In a lapping machine as claimed in claim 2: bearing disc turnable on said shaft and turnably O
a yielding spring lock for engaging said clutch resting upon said bearing disc which is secured
stud to lock the clutch either engaged or disen to Said shaft, a plurality of adjusting discs turn
gagedi. able on said shaft and Supported upon said turn
4. In a lapping machine, a rotatable lap, a able bearing disc, a crown block turnable on said
5 spider turnably mounted above said lap, a re shaft and supported upon the uppermost of said 15
leasable stop for preventing rotation of said adjusting discs, a spider turnable on said shaft
spider during rotation of said lap, a plurality of and resting upon and secured to said crown block,
work holders detachably mounted on the arms Work holders rotatably mounted on the arms re
respectively of Said spider, means for rotating spectively of said spider for holding the work
20 said work holders while mounted on said spider upon said lap for grinding and surfacing the 20
arms, for enabling said lap to grind and surface Work, hubs journaled in said spider arms, means
the work held in said work holders, said spider for clutching Said hubs to said work holders re
being turnable, when said stop is released there Spectively, a sprocket on one of said hubs, a
from to bring the spider arms and the work Sprocket on said shaft, a chain extending over
25 holders mounted, respectively, thereon, Succes Said Sprockets, other sprockets on said hubs re 25
sively into unloading position, for removing said Spectively, and a chain extending over said other
work holders, with the ground and surfaced Sprockets, said other sprockets being of different
work therein successively from said spider arms, diameters for causing said work holders to be
to unload said work from said Work holders re rotated at different speeds with relation to each
30 erSSpectively, said spider arms, with the Work hold other. 30
removed therefron, being also brought suc 8. In a lapping machine, a rotatable lap, an
cessively into loading position when said spider arm and a suspension rod mounted above said
is turned as aforesaid, for positioning said work lap, means for holding said arm and said sus
holders, upon being loaded with the work to be pension rod against rotation while said lap is
ground and surfaced, onto said spider arms suc rotated, a work holder journaled on said arm 35
cessively. for holding the work upon said lap, means for
5. In a lapping machine, a rotatable lap, a rotating said work holder when said lap is ro
shaft mounted to rotate with said lap, a bearing tated, a pipe suspended from said suspension
disc secured on said shaft to rotate therewith, a rod above said lap for supplying grit and liquid
bearing disc turnable on said shaft and turn to said lap, a scraper resting upon said lap, and 40
ably resting upon said bearing disc which is se means Secured to said pipe for guiding said
cured to said shaft, a plurality of adjusting discs - Scraper On Said lap for scraping said grit and
turnable on Said shaft and supported upon said liquid from Said lap.
turnable bearing disc, a crown block turnable 9. In a lapping machine, a rotatable lap, an
45 on said shaft and Supported upon the uppermost arm and a suspension rod mounted above said 45
of said adjusting discs, a spider turnable on said lap, means for holding said arm and said sus
shaft and resting upon and secured to said pension rod against rotation while said lap is ro
crown block, work holders rotatably mounted tated, a work holder journaled on said arm for
On the arms respectively of said spider for hold holding the Work upon said lap, means for ro
50 ing the work upon said lap for grinding and sur tating said work holder when said lap is rotated, 50
facing the Work, hubs journaled in said spider a pipe Suspended from said suspension rod above
arms, means for clutching Said hubs to said said lap for Supplying grit and liquid to said lap,
Work holders respectively, a sprocket on One of a weighted Scraper resting upon said lap, means
said hubs, a sprocket on Said shaft, a chain ex for varying the weight of said scraper, and
55 tending Over said sprockets, other sprockets on means secured to said pipe for guiding said
said hubs respectively, and a chain extending Scraper for scraping said grit and liquid from 55
Over said other sprockets. Said lap.
6. In a lapping machine, a rotatable lap, a 10. In a lapping machine, a rotatable lap, an
shaft mounted to rotate with said lap, a bearing arm mounted above said lap, means for holding
disc secured on said shaft to rotate therewith, said arm against rotation while said lap is ro 60
a bearing disc turnable on said shaft and turn tated, a work holder journaled on said arm for
ably resting upon said bearing disc which is se holding the Work upon said lap, means for ro
cured to said shaft, a plurality of adjusting discstating said work holder while said lap is rotated,
turnable on Said shaft and Supported upon said a weighted scraper resting upon said lap, means
5 turnable bearing disc, a crown block turnable for varying the weight of said scraper, and means
on said shaft and Supported upon the uppermost for guiding said scraper on said lap for scrap 65
of said adjusting discs, a Spider turnable on said ing grit and oil, supplied to said lap, from said
shaft and resting upon and secured to said lap.
crown block, work holders rotatably mounted on 11. In a lapping machine, a rotatable lap, a
70 the arms respectively of Said spider for holding plurality of work holders mounted above said lap,
the Work upon said lap for grinding and Sur WOrk-holding members rotatably mounted in
facing the work, hubs journaled in said spider said work holders for holding and guiding the
Work pieces upon said lap, and means for rotat
arms, means for clutching said hubs to said work ing said work holders at different speeds from
holders respectively, a sprocket on one of said
s hubs, a sprocket turnably atted on said shaft, each other while said lap is rotated.
EAR. J. BUTARD, 6