Chapter-01

The Living World

8. Carolus Linnaeus was from:

SET – A (A) Sweden (B) UK
EASY (One Word, Memory Based) (C) Germany (D) France
9. National Botanical Institute located in: Research
1. Taxonomic group of any rank is:
(A) Chennai (B) Lucknow
(A) Taxon (B) Tribe
(C) Kolkata (D) Darjeeling
(C) Race (D) Variety
10. The famous botanical garden of Kew is located
2. A taxon is:
in:
(A) a group of related families
(A) India (B) England
(B) a group of related species
(C) Germany (D) France
(C) a type of living organisms
11. Clinical death occurs when:
(D) a taxonomic group of any ranking
(A) person does not breathe
3. 'Taxon' is the unit of a group of:
(B) pulse stops
(A) Order (B) Taxonomy
(C) no heartbeat
(C) Species (D) Genes
(D) all of the above
4. A group of related genera with still less number
12. The term Phylum was given by:
of similarities as compared to genus and species
(A) Cuvier (B) Haeckel
constitutes:
(C) Theophrastus (D) Linnaeus
(A) Division (B) Family
13. 'Systema Naturae' was written by:
(C) Order (D) Class
(A) Lamarck (B) Cuvier
5. Related genera belong to same:
(C) Aristotle (D) Linnaeus
(A) Variety (B) Family
14. Karyotaxonomy is based on:
(C) Species (D) None of the above
(A) Trinomial nomenclature
6. Which of the following is less general in
characters as compared to genus? (B) Organic evolution
(A) Species (C) Class (C) Number of chromosomes
(B) Family (D) Division (D) Use of organism
7. Linnaeus evolved a system of nomenclature 15. Who wrote 'Species Plantarum'?
known as: (A) John Ray
(A) Monomial (B) Vernacular (B) Julian Huxley
(C) Binomial (D) Polynomial (C) Carolus Linnaeus
(D) Charles Darwin

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16. An organism is in the same class but not in the 2. Which of the following is against the rules of
same family. It may belong to same: ICBN?
(A) Genus (C) Variety (A) Generic and specific names should be written
(B) Species (D) Order starting with small letters
17. Which of the following suffixes is used for units (B) Hand written scientific name should be
of classification in plants indicating a taxonomic underlined
category of 'family'? (C) Every species should have a generic name
(A) Ales (B) Onae and a specific epithet
(C) Aceae (D) Ace (D) Scientific names are in Latin and should be
18. The term 'New systematics' was introduced by: italized [NEET 2019]
(A) Bentham and Hooker 3. Match Column I with Column II for housefly
classification and select the correct option using
(B) Linnaeus
the codes given below:
(C) Julian Huxley
(D) A.P. de Candolle Column I Column II
19. The first great taxonomist was: (a) Family (i) Diptera
(A) Engler (B) De Candolle (b) Order (ii) Arthropoda
(C) Hooker (D) Linnaeus (c) Class (iii) Muscidae
20. The third part of trinomial nomenclature (d) Phylum (iv) Insecta
indicates:
Select the correct option:
(A) Species (B) Subspecies
(A) (a)-(iii); (b)-(i); (c)-(iv); (d)-(ii)
(C) Subgenus (D) Ecotype of organism
(B) (a)-(iii); (b)-(ii); (c)-(iv); (d)-(i)
21. In fish Catla catla, the specific name is identical
(C) (a)-(iv); (b)-(iii); (c)-(ii); (d)-(i)
with the generic name. It is an example of:
(D) (a)-(iv); (b)-(ii); (c)-(i); (d)-(iii)
(A) Autonym (B) Tautonym
[NEET Phase-II 2016]
(C) Phylum (D) Species
4. Study the four statements (I-IV) given below and
22. Characteristics which delimit a family are more
select the two correct ones out of them.
general than which delimit a:
(I) Definition of biological species was given by
(A) Order (B) Phylum
Ernst Mayr.
(C) Class (D) Genus
(II) Photoperiod does not affect reproduction in
23. A group of related genera which resemble each
plants.
other in floral characteristics represent:
(III) Binomial nomenclature system was given by
(A) Order (В) Таха
R.H. Whittaker.
(C) Family (D) Species
(IV) In unicellular organisms, reproduction is
synonymous with growth.
SET – B Options:
(A) (II) and (III) (B) (III) and (IV)
MEDIUM (PYQs, Most Repeated) (C) (I) and (IV) (D) (I) and (II)
1. Which one of the following belongs to the Family [NEET Phase-II 2016]
Muscidae? 5. It is much easier for a small animal to run uphill
(A) House fly (B) Fire fly than for a large animal, because:
(C) Grasshopper (D) Cockroach [NEET 2021] (A) it is easier to carry a small body weight.

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 (B) smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate.
(C) small animals have a lower O₂ requirement.
SET – C
(D) the efficiency of muscles in large animals is HARD (Assertion Reason, New Type)
less than in the small animals.
[NEET Phase-I 2016] In questions no. 1 to 12, a statement of Assertion (A)
followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose
6. Nomenclature is governed by certain universal
the correct answer out of the following choices.
rules. Which one of the following is contrary to
the rules of nomenclature? (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
(A) The first word in a biological name represents
the genus name and the second is a specific (B) (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT correct
epithet. explanation of (A).
(B) The names are written in Latin and are (C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
italicised. (D) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(C) When written by hand, the names are to be 1. Assertion (A): To give scientific name to a plant
underlined. there is ICBN.
(D) Biological names can be written in any Reason (R): It uses articles, photographs and
language. [NEET Phase-I 2016| recommendations to name a plant.
7. The common characteristics between tomato 2. Assertion (A): Systematics is a branch of biology
and potato will be maximum at the level of their: that deals with classification of organisms.
(A) family (B) order Reason (R): Aim of classification is to group the
(C) division (D) genus organisms in orderly manner.
[NEET Karnataka 2013] 3. Assertion (A): The number of species that are
known and described range is in between
8. Which one of the following organisms is
1.7–1.8 million.
scientifically correctly named, correctly printed
according to the International Rules of Reason (R): This refers to biodiversity or the
Nomenclature and correctly described? number and types of organisms present on
earth.
(A) Musca domestica-The common house lizard,
a reptile 4. Assertion (A): In order to facilitate the study,
number of scientists have established
(B) Plasmodium falciparum-A protozoan
procedures to assign a scientific name to each
pathogen, causing the most serious type of
known organism.
malaria
Reason (R): This is acceptable to biologists all
(C) Felis tigris-The Indian tiger, well protected in
over the world and provides a uniform
Gir forests
identification method.
(D) E.coli-Full name is Entamoeba coli, a
5. Assertion (A): This naming system given by
commonly occurring bacterium in human
Carolus Linnaeus is being practised by biologists
intestine [AIPMT Mains 2012]
all over the world.
Reason (R): This naming system using a three
word format was found convenient,
6. Assertion (A): Classification is the process by
which anything is grouped into convenient
categories based on some easily observable
characters.

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 Reason (R): Since it is nearly impossible to study knowledge dealing with these aspects is referred
all the living organisms, it is necessary to devise to as taxonomy.
some means to make this possible. Reason (R): The taxonomic studies of various
7. Assertion (A): Human beings were, since long, species of plants and animals are useful in
not only interested in knowing more about agriculture, forestry, industry and in general for
different kinds of organisms and their diversities, knowing our bio-resources and their diversity.
but also the relationships among them. This
branch of study was referred to as systematics.
Reason (R): The word systematics is derived SET – D
from the Greek word 'systema' which means
unsystematic arrangement organisms. of TRICKY
8. Assertion (A): Classification is a single step (Match/Statement-based, New Type)
process but involves hierarchy of steps in which
each step represents a rank or category. 1. In endothermic organisms, the body
temperature:
Reason (R): Since the category is a part of overall
taxonomic arrangement, it is called the (A) remains constant
taxonomic category and all categories together (B) higher than the surrounding environment
constitute the taxonomic hierarchy. (C) lower than the surrounding environment
9. Assertion (A): Genus comprises a group of (D) none of the above
related species which has more characters in 2. Reproduction and growth are same for which
common in comparison to species of other organisms?
genera. (A) Multicellular organisms
Reason (R): We can say that genera are (B) Colonial organisms
aggregates of closely related species. (C) Unicellular organisms
10. Assertion (A): The next category, family, has a (D) None of the above
group of related genera with still less number of
3. Reproduction cannot be a defining characteristic
similarities as compared to genus and species.
of living organisms because:
Reason (R): Families are characterised on the
(A) all living organisms do not show growth.
basis of both vegetative and reproductive
(B) all organisms do not reproduce.
features of plant species.
(C) many non-living things show reproduction.
11. Assertion (A): The basics of taxonomy like
identification, naming and classification of (D) reproduction is a small phase in the life of
organisms are universally evolved under organisms.
international codes. 4. The term 'systematics' refers to:
Reason (R): Based on the resemblances and (A) identification and classification of plants and
distinct differences, each organism is identified animals
and assigned a correct scientific/ biological name (B) nomenclature and identification of plants and
comprising two words as per the trinomial animals
system of nomenclature. (C). diversity of kinds of organisms and their
12. Assertion (A): In order to facilitate the study of relationship
kinds and diversity of organisms, biologists have (D) study of different kinds of organisms and
evolved certain rules and principles for non- their classification
identification, nomenclature and non-
classification of organisms. The branch of

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5. Choose scientific name which is written (C) growth and movement
correctly: (D) responsiveness to touch
(A) Apis indica 10. Which of the following happens during clinical
(B) Trypansoma gambiense death?
(C) Ficus Bengalensis (A) All vital organs stop functioning
(D) Mangifera Indica (B) Brain and other body organs begin to
6. Match the following and choose the correct degenerate due to non-availability of nutrients
option: and oxygen
Column I Column II (C) Deterioration of structure and function of
cells, tissues and vital organs
(a) Family (i) tuberosum
(D) Elements constituting the body are returned
(b) Kingdom (ii) Solanales to the atmosphere
(c) Order (iii) Solanaceae 11. The purpose of Neosystematics is:
(d) Genus (iv) Plantae (A) to classify organisms based on broad
(e) Species (v) Solanum morphological characters.
(B) to delimit various taxa of organisms and
Options:
establish their relationship.
(A) (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(v), (e)-(i)
(C) to classify organism based on evolutionary
(B) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(v), (e)-(ii)
history and establishing their phylogeny on the
(C) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(v), (d)-(i), (e)-(ii) totality of various parameters from all fields of
(D) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(v), (e)-(i) studies.
7. Genus represents which of the following? (D) to identify and arrange organisms on the
(A) An individual plant or animal basis of their cytological characteristics.
(B) A collection of plants or animals 12. Which of the following combi- nations is correct
(C) Group of closely related species of plants or for Wheat?
animals (A) Genus: Triticum, family: Poaceae, order:
(D) Group of closely related family members Poales, class: Dicotyledonae
8. Choose the correct sequence of taxonomic (B) Genus: Triticum, family: Poaceae, order:
categories: Sapindales, class: Monocotyledonae
(A) Class-phylum-tribe-order- family-genus- (C) Genus: Triticum, family: Poaceae, order:
species Poales, class: Moncotyledonae
(B) Division-class-family-tribe- order-genus- (D) Genus: Triticum, family: Anacardiaceae,
species order: Poales, class: Monocotyledonae
(C) Division-class-order-family- tribe-genus- 13. Choose the incorrect statements carefully after
species reading all options:
(D) Phylum-order-class-tribe family-genus- (I) Common names can be confusing and
species misleading
9. The living organisms can be unexceptionally (II) Vernacular names are easier to pronounce
distinguished from the non-living things on the (III) 'Touch me not' is the common name of the
basis of their ability for: species Nigella and Mimosa
(A) interaction with the environment and (IV) Vernacular names may not have any
progressive evolution significance
(B) reproduction

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 Options: 16. Botanical name of plants are treated as in Latin
(A) (I) and (II) (B) (II) and (III) because:
(C) (I), (II) and (III) (D) Only (III) (A) rules of nomenclature were framed by Italian
14. Select the incorrect statements: botanists and they were speaking Latin
(I) Lower the taxon, more are the characteristics (B) it is very difficult to pronounce Latin names
shared by the members and they convey multiple meanings
(II) Order is an assemblage of genera which have (C) Latin was the natural language of many
a few similar characters European countries
(III) Cat and Dog belong to same family of Felidae (D) Latin was a dead language, its words would
convey precise meaning, it was the mother of all
(IV) Binomial nomenclature was introduced by
European language and all the early botanical
Carolus Linnaeus
literature was in Latin
Options:
17. A true species consists of population: a
(A) (II) and (III) (B) (III) and (IV)
(A) sharing the same niche
(C) (I) and (IV) (D) (II), (III) and (IV)
(B) interbreeding
15. The aim of Biosystematics is:
(C) Feeding over the same food
(A) the classification of organisms based on
(D) reproductively isolated
broad morphological characters.
18. Keystone species are:
(B) delimiting various taxa of organisms and
establishing their relationships. (A) species belonging to same period.
(C) the classification of organisms based on their (B) species that determine structure of biotic
evolutionary history and establishing their community.
phylogeny on the totality of various parameters (C) species reproducing sexually.
from all fields of studies. (D) species recorded only in the fossil state.
(D) identification and arrange- ments of
organism on the basis of their cytological
characteristics.

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