Pak affairs…foreign policy related…
Sir Zafrulah Khan …first foreign minister..1947…1954….
SEATO…1954…
Foreign policy slignmwith the west during cold war…Liaquat Ali Khan…
Simla agreement …1972…bilateral resolution of disputes…
Nuclear diplomacy key architect…zulfikar Ali Bhutto..
U 2 spy plane incident …1960..US plane shot down by USSR …badaber base ….
Pakistan …strategic engagement plan…with EU…in 2011…
OIC member ….1969…. Pakistan…
QCG …quadrilateral co ordination group …Afghan peace talks…Pakistan,
Afghanistan,china plus USA ..2016…
Gawadar port…operated by …china oversee ports holding company …
SCO …2017..full member…dialogue partner ..2006 …
Minimum credible deterrence …
Pakistan…strategic partnerships with turkey …2009…
Composite dialogue process…2004 with India
2024…Pakistan Iran border crises…de escalation…role …china…
India Pakistan tensions…key gulf actor…mediation???...
Saudi Arabia …
Bilawal Bhutto ..Pakistan diplomatic campaign ……India …portray as a regional aggressor
violating human rights..
Navy led naval exercises…Aman 2025…50 countries…
Detailed budget of Pakistan ….2025 …26…fiscal year…total size of the federal budget…17.6
trillion …
GDP growth rate …..4.2 percent
…Proposed fiscal deficit …3.9 percent ….
Defence spending …2.55 trillion …Percentage increase in the defence….20 percent ….
Projected FBR tax collection…14.13 trillion ….
Primary surplus target…percent of GDP ..2.4 percent …
Psdp …public sector development program…1 trillion ….
Bisp ….716 BN rupees….
Inflation rate targeted…7.5 percent ….
Projected interest payment…8.21 trillion ….
Debt to GDP ratio…70 percent ….
J 35 fighters jets china ….40 …
E commerce …18 percent tax on digital goods …
Psdp ….two entities privatization…Discos …PIA…
Salary increase…10 percent salary …..
7 to 1p percent pension increase…
Higher education commission…39.5 billion….
Allocation for science and technology…4.8 billion…
38 percent electricity tariffs cuts ..power sector….
Remittances……31 percent expected…
Stzs…specialized technological zones…export target…25 BN dollars…IT ….
Geography….major physiographic …five regions…ndus plain…
Which pass connects Pakistan and Afghanistan..Khyber pass…west of Peshawar …40 km…
K2 ..8611 m…karakoram range …
Wakhan corridor .Afghan strip ..Pakistan from Tajikistan …
Largest fresh water lake..manchar lake…
Average climate …hot and dry …
Plateau of Pakistan …oil and gas fields…pothohar plateau…
Lowest elevation point…Arabian sea coast ….
Kpk budget KPK …fy …2.119 trillion ….
Annual development program…547 billion allocated…
Salary hike …10 percent …7 percent pension increase…
Minimum wage …36 k….40,000…
Police and law enforcement…13 billion ……
No new tax imposed…broaden the tax base …
Tribal districts…40 billion reserved ..
ADP…education…14 percent …76 billion…
Sehat card plus program…23 billion …
Emergency rescue service 1122…6.4 billion..
Kpk agriculture …10 billions …
Federal tax receipts…NFC transfers ….1.563 trillion …
Amendments…26th amendment….politicization of judiciary ….transferred the power to
appoint CJP…special parliamentary committee…
CJP …term …limited to 3 years….
Restructuring of judicial commission of Pakistan …
Absolute seniority role…noonger automatically…
…
Jcp …judges,mnas,senators,law minister,women member…
Environmental rights added…right to clean healthy and sustainable environment…
..suo moto powers curtailed…article 184/3….approval of three members judicial
committee…
Constitutional court ...Creation…
Article 38 (f) …riba ..interest…permissible January 2028…slow transition…Islamic banking
no …avrupt …
Judicial decisions…time bound…within 12 months ..decided….appeal…..
Annual performance evaluation by judicial commission….
Parliament can frame rules judicial …court procedure …
7 percent increase pCruticism ..a threat to judicial independence….
Indus water treaty …signed 1960
…Brokered by world bank …Ayub Khan …represent ……
Treaty gives limited rights to India .. to use western rivers…for ..hydropowers,navigation
,irrigation…non consumptive
Indus ,jhehlum,Chenab ….
Permanent indus commission…every two years……
Western rivers…allowed limit..storage…3.6 million acre feet…
Chenab river…Baglihar dam……
Kishdnganga project .. permanent court of arbitration…jhehlum …
India …neelum jhehlum hydropower project …
Eastern rivers ..Ravi ,Sutlej and beas…
Article 7…future co operation…
Run of river projects ..
Ratle dam ..Chenab river…
Unilateral suspension…hydro political hegemonization …
Pre partition…..izharullah_99
…War of independence….Meerut ……
Last Mughal emperor …Bahadur shah Zafar …Took control…british …1858…
1857 revolt…greased cartridge…
First governor general …British India ..warren Hastings…
Rise of Indian political movements…
Indian national congress…1885…
A.O Hume …
Partition f Bengal…lord Curzon…1905….
All India Muslim league…Dhaka…
Muslim political awakening…All India Muslim league…Nawaz viqar UL mulk…
Simla deputation ..met lord minto..1906….
Minto Morley reforms 1909…
Lucknow pact …1916…khilafat movement…1919…
