INFORMATION AND

COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
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OBJECTIVES
1. Develop the ability to identify various ICT
tools and equipment, understand their
purposes, and learn the basic
functions of each

2. Gain hands-on experience with ICT

equipment, focusing on safe handling and
operation according to best practices
and manufacturer guidelines

3. Foster an appreciation for the role of ICT in

enhancing work efficiency and problem-
solving, leading to a value-driven
approach to technology adoption.
 Content Vocabulary
• Computer - is a programmable device that stores, retrieves,
and processes data.
• ICT - information and communications technology is the
infrastructure and components that enable modern computing.
• Application - In computing, an application, or app for short, is
a software program designed to help a computer user
accomplish a task.
• Hardware - consists of the physical parts of a computer
system
• Software - is a collection of instructions, data, or computer
programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks
 EXPLORING
TOOLS AND
EQUIPMENT IN ICT
Common Tools and Equipment
used in Computer Programming
1. Hardware

• Computer: The primary device

used for writing code, running
programs, and testing software.
• Desktop or Laptop: Depending
on preference and requirements.
1. Software

• Integrated Development
Environments (IDEs):
Comprehensive tools that
provide editing,
debugging, and
compilation in one place.
Examples: Visual Studio
Code, IntelliJ IDEA,
PyCharm, Eclipse, Xcodets.
• Code Editors: Lightweight
alternatives to IDEs for quick
coding and scripting.
Examples: Sublime Text, Atom,
Notepad++.

• Version Control Systems

(VCS): Tools to manage
changes to source code over
time.
Examples: Git, Subversion
(SVN), Mercurial.
• Repositories and Collaboration
Platforms:
Examples: GitHub, GitLab,
Bitbucket.
• Compilers and Interpreters:
Tools that translate code into
executable programs.
Examples: GCC (GNU Compiler
Collection), Clang, Python
Interpreter, Node.js
• Debuggers: Tools to test and
debug code.
Examples: GDB (GNU Debugger),
LLDB, built-in debuggers in IDEs

• Package Managers: Tools to

manage software libraries and
dependencies.
Examples: npm (Node Package
Manager), pip (Python Package
Installer), Maven, Gradle, NuGet.
• Build Automation Tools: Tools to
automate the process of
compiling code, running tests,
and deploying applications.
Examples: Jenkins, Travis CI,
CircleCI, Make, Ant.
Common tools and
equipment in
Computer Systems
Servicing:
• Hand Tools: When servicing
computers, students need tools
like screwdrivers, pliers, and anti-
static wristbands. These tools help
with hardware installation, repair,
and maintenance

• Diagnostic Software: Students

can use software tools to
diagnose hardware issues, check
system performance, and
troubleshoot problems
•Cable Testers and
Multimeters: These tools
help verify cable
connections and measure
electrical parameters.

•Cleaning Kits: Keeping

computers dust-free is
essential for optimal
performance
Common tools and
equipment Visual
Arts:
•Digital Cameras and
Scanners: Students can
capture images of their artwork
or scan traditional artwork to
create digital versions.
•Graphic Design Software (e.g.,
Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator):
These tools allow students to
manipulate images, create
digital art, and design graphics.
• Tablets and Drawing Pads:
Artists can use these
devices to create digital
illustrations and paintings.

• 3D Modeling Software
(e.g., Blender, Autodesk
Maya): For students
interested in 3D art and
animation.
Telecommunication
1. Hardware
• Modems and Routers:
Devices that modulate and
demodulate signals for
transmission over telephone
lines or cable systems and
route data between devices
on a network.
Examples: DSL modems, cable
modems, wireless routers
1. Hardware
• Switches and Hubs:
Networking devices that
connect multiple devices
within a network, facilitating
communication between
them.
Examples: Ethernet switches,
network hubs.
1. Hardware
Repeaters and Extenders:
Devices that amplify or
regenerate signals to extend
the range of a
network.
Examples: Signal boosters, Wi-
Fi extenders.
1. Hardware
• Antennas: Devices that
transmit and receive radio
waves for wireless
communication.
Examples: Yagi antennas,
parabolic antennas, dipole
antennas.
1. Hardware
• Base Stations: Equipment
that connects mobile devices
to a network in cellular and
radio communication.
Examples: Cell towers,
microcells, femtocells.
2. SOFTWARE
• Network Management
Software: Tools for monitoring,
managing, and
troubleshooting network
performance and
connectivity.
Examples: SolarWinds Network
Performance Monitor, PRTG
Network Monitor, Nagios.
2. SOFTWARE
• Communication Protocols:
Software protocols that define
rules for data exchange over a
network.
Examples: TCP/IP
(Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol),
VoIP (Voice over Internet
Protocol), SIP
(Session Initiation Protocol).
2. SOFTWARE
• Telephony Software:
Applications for managing
voice communication over
networks.
Examples: Asterisk,
FreeSWITCH, Skype for
Business.
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
 Definition of Software
Software is what tells a computer what to do. It's made up of
instructions or programs that help the computer work and perform
tasks like writing a document, playing music, or browsing the
internet.
Think of it like this:
• Hardware is the body of the computer — like the screen,
keyboard, and mouse.
• Software is the brain — it gives the computer instructions to
follow.
Without software, hardware can't do anything useful. And without
hardware, software has nothing to run on. They work together!
1. Application software. Application software is the kind of
program you use to do specific tasks on a computer or phone. It
helps you get something done — like writing, editing photos,
browsing the internet, or talking to someone online.
You can think of it like tools in a toolbox, where each tool has its
own job.
Examples of application software:
• Word processor – for writing documents (like Microsoft Word
or Google Docs)
• Web browser – for going online (like Chrome or Firefox)
• Image editor – for editing pictures (like Photoshop)
• Communication apps – for chatting or video calls (like Zoom
or Messenger)
• Office suite – for tasks like writing, making slides, or creating
spreadsheets (like Microsoft Office)
2. System software. System software is the software that helps
the computer itself work properly. It connects the hardware (like
the keyboard, screen, and memory) with the programs you use
(like games or browsers).
It’s like the manager of a computer — it makes sure everything
runs smoothly and that different parts can work together.
The most common example:
• Operating System (OS) – like Windows, macOS, Android, or
iOS. It controls how the computer works and allows other
apps to run.

Other examples:
• Firmware – basic instructions built into devices.
• Language translators – help computers understand the code
written by programmers.
• Utilities – tools that keep the system running well, like antivirus
or file managers.
3. Driver software (or device drivers) helps the computer talk to
the devices connected to it, like a printer, keyboard, mouse, or
headphones.
Without drivers, the computer wouldn’t know how to use those
devices.
It’s like a translator between the computer and the device —
making sure they understand each other and work together
properly.
Examples:
• The software that lets your printer print.
• The driver that makes a USB flash drive work.
• The program that lets your computer recognize your
headphones or a special game controller.
4. Middleware is software that helps connect different programs
or systems so they can work together, even if they are very
different.
Think of it like a bridge or helper that lets two apps or systems
"talk" to each other and share information.

Examples:
• It helps Microsoft Word and Excel work well together.
• It can connect old programs with new ones.
• It allows different operating systems (like Windows and Linux)
to share tasks or data.
5. Programming software. is used by computer programmers to
create other software. It gives them the tools they need to write,
test, and fix code.
Think of it like a toolbox for software developers — it helps them
build apps, games, websites, and more.

Examples:
• Assembler – turns code into instructions a computer can
understand.
• Compiler – changes code into a complete program.
• Debugger – finds and fixes mistakes in code.
• Interpreter – runs the code step by step so the computer can
follow it.
 How does software work?
All software gives instructions and information to help computers
do their jobs and help users.
But there are two main types of software, and they work
differently:
1. Application software – helps you do tasks like writing,
browsing the internet, or editing pictures.
2.System software – helps the computer itself run and supports
all other software, like the operating system.
 The dimensions of software quality
include the following characteristics:
1. Accessibility.
• How easy it is for everyone, including people with disabilities,
to use the software.
• Example: A website that works well with screen readers for
blind users or offers voice commands for people who can’t
use a keyboard.
2. Compatibility.
• How well the software works on different devices, operating
systems, or web browsers.
• Example: An app that runs smoothly on Windows, macOS,
Android, and iPhone without problems.
 The dimensions of software quality
include the following characteristics:
3. Efficiency. What it means: The software runs fast, uses less memory or
power, and doesn't waste resources.
• Example: A photo app that opens quickly and edits images without
slowing down your device
4. Functionality. What it means: The software does exactly what it’s
supposed to do — all its features work correctly.
• Example: A music player that can play, pause, skip songs, and adjust
volume as expected.
5. Installability. What it means: How easy and smooth it is to install the
software on a device.
• Example: A game that you can download and set up in just a few
clicks, without errors.
 The dimensions of software quality
include the following characteristics:
6. Localization. What it means: The software can be used in different
languages, countries, or time zones without issues.
• Example: A mobile app that lets users choose between English, Spanish, or
Filipino, and shows the correct date and time for their location.
7. Maintainability. What it means: It’s easy for developers to update, fix bugs,
or add new features in the software.
• Example: A website that’s built in a way that allows quick changes when
there are errors or new content.
8. Performance. What it means: How well and how fast the software runs,
especially when many people are using it.
• Example: A video streaming app that plays smoothly without buffering,
even when thousands of users are online.
 The dimensions of software quality
include the following characteristics:
9. Portability. What it means: How easy it is to move or use the software on
different computers or devices.
• Example: A USB antivirus tool that can be used on multiple computers
without reinstalling
10. Reliability. What it means: The software can run correctly and without
crashing for a long time under certain conditions.
• Example: An online exam system that works without errors during the
whole test.
11. Scalability. What it means: The software can handle more users or bigger
tasks as needed, or scale down if demand is low.
• Example: A website that works fine whether 100 people visit or 10,000
people visit at the same time.
 The dimensions of software quality
include the following characteristics:

12. Security. What it means: The software can protect your data and privacy from
hackers, viruses, and other threats.
• Example: A banking app that uses passwords, OTPs, and encryption to keep your
money and information safe.
13. Testability. What it means: How easy it is for developers to check the software for
errors or bugs.
• Example: A game that can be tested quickly to make sure all levels work and don’t
crash.
• 14. Usability.What it means: How simple and user-friendly the software is — even
for beginners.
• Example: A food delivery app with clear buttons, easy menus, and helpful
instructions.
Activity No. : Software Quest
Instructions:
1. Divide and Conquer:
● The class will be assigned with one type of software: Operating System, Device Driver,
Firmware, Application Software, Utility Software.
● Each group will research their assigned software type and prepare a short
presentation.
2. Research Phase (30 minutes):
● Groups will use the internet to research their assigned software type.
● They should find out the definition, purpose, examples, and any interesting facts.
3. Preparation Phase (45 minutes):
● Using the presentation software, groups will create a slideshow that includes their
findings.
● Encourage creativity: include images, diagrams, or even short videos.
4. Presentation Phase (15 minutes per group):
● Each group will present their findings to the class.
● Encourage questions and discussions after each presentation.
5. Practical Application (30 minutes):
● Groups will demonstrate a practical example of using their software type.
● For example, the group assigned to Application Software might demonstrate how to
create a chart in Excel.
6. Reflection and Discussion (15 minutes):
● After all presentations, discuss as a class the importance of each software type.
● Reflect on how different software types interact with each other.
Thank You