Charred documents
• Definition: Charred documents are documents that have been partially
or fully burned, often resulting in fragile, brittle remains that can
contain important information. Forensic experts may recover text, ink
traces, or impressions with careful handling and treatment.
Step-by-Step Procedure for Collection of
Charred Documents
1. Secure and Assess the Scene:
• Limit access to the scene to avoid unnecessary movement that might
disturb the documents.
• Visually assess the condition of each document to determine its
fragility and need for additional stabilization.
2. Photograph the Documents :
• Take photographs of the documents as they were found to document
their condition and location.
• Capture close-up images of any visible text, impressions, or patterns.
3. Apply a Fixative Spray (If Necessary):
• Strengthening Solution: For highly fragile documents, a light mist of a
document-safe fixative (e.g., a diluted solution of polyvinyl acetate or
specialized forensic sprays) can be applied from a distance.
• Application Technique: Hold the spray at least 30 cm (12 inches) away
and apply gently to avoid further damage. Use minimal application to
avoid saturation.
• Drying Time: Allow the document to air dry completely before
attempting further handling, as damp fragments can stick and tear.
4. Document Notes:
•Record the condition of the documents, any visible features, and any
strengthening solution used.
•Note application details, such as the type of spray, concentration, and
drying time.
5. Careful Handling and Collection:
•Use gloves and handle with soft brushes, tweezers, or spatulas.
•Separate intact sheets from smaller fragments carefully and label each
piece with a unique identifier.
Packaging Procedure for Charred Documents
1. Use a Rigid Support Base:
•Place each document or fragment on a rigid, flat base (e.g., acid-free
cardboard or plastic).
•Avoid adjusting or straightening the document if it’s brittle.
2. Layer with Acid-Free Paper:
•Use acid-free paper between layers to prevent fragments from sticking to
each other.
•Secure very small pieces on acid-free sheets to avoid movement.
3. Place in a Hard Container:
• Place the supported document in a rigid container (e.g., a plastic or
sturdy cardboard box) to protect it from bending or crushing.
• Avoid plastic bags, which can generate static and attract particles that
may damage the document.
4. Label Clearly:
•Mark the container with information such as the case number, location,
date, and description of contents.
•Add "Fragile - Charred Documents" to warn handlers about the
document’s delicate condition.
5. Seal the Container Securely:
•Seal the container to protect it from environmental factors like moisture
or temperature changes.
•Use evidence tape and ensure all seals are signed and dated to
maintain chain of custody.
Transporting Charred Documents
• Stable and Secure Transport: Ensure the container remains stable
and vibration-free during transportation to prevent further damage.
• Avoid Temperature and Humidity Extremes: Transport the
documents in a climate-controlled environment to prevent warping or
further deterioration.
