DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
P24PC202 – INDUSTRIAL INTERNET OF THINGS
TWO MARKS
YEAR/ SEMESTER: I/ II ACADEMIC YEAR: 2024-2025
UNIT-I INTRODUCTION AND ARCHITECTURE OF IoT
1. What is IoT?
Answer: IoT (Internet of Things) refers to the network of physical objects, devices, and
systems that are interconnected and communicate with each other over the internet to
exchange data and perform tasks automatically.
2. What are the key components of IoT?
Answer: The key components of IoT include sensors/devices, communication networks, data
processing systems, and applications for end-users.
3. What is the Perception Layer in IoT?
Answer: The Perception Layer is the physical layer that includes sensors and devices
responsible for collecting data from the environment, such as temperature, humidity, or
motion.
4. What is the role of the Network Layer in IoT?
Answer: The Network Layer transmits data collected by the Perception Layer to the
processing systems. It includes various communication technologies like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth,
Zigbee, and cellular networks.
5. What is the Edge Layer in IoT?
Answer: The Edge Layer processes data closer to the source of data generation, reducing
latency and bandwidth usage by filtering or pre-processing data before it is sent to the cloud.
6. What is the Application Layer in IoT?
Answer: The Application Layer includes the end-user applications that use the processed
data for various purposes, such as smart homes, healthcare, and industrial automation.
7. What are some common IoT communication protocols?
Answer: Some common IoT communication protocols include MQTT, HTTP, CoAP, and
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE).
8. What is the role of sensors in IoT?
Answer: Sensors in IoT are responsible for collecting real-time data from the environment,
which is then sent to other layers for processing and analysis.
9. What is the difference between IoT and traditional internet systems?
Answer: Unlike traditional internet systems, IoT involves connecting physical devices to the
internet, enabling them to collect, share, and act on data autonomously.
10. What is a gateway in IoT architecture?
Answer: A gateway in IoT serves as an intermediary between IoT devices and the network,
facilitating data transmission and sometimes performing data processing or filtering.
11. What is the importance of data processing in IoT?
Answer: Data processing in IoT helps transform raw data collected from sensors into
meaningful insights, enabling intelligent decision-making and actions.
12. How does IoT impact the healthcare sector?
Answer: IoT enables remote monitoring of patients, real-time tracking of medical conditions,
and more efficient management of healthcare systems, improving patient outcomes.
13. What are IoT devices?
Answer: IoT devices are physical objects embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity
capabilities that allow them to collect and exchange data with other devices over the internet.
14. What is the role of cloud computing in IoT?
Answer: Cloud computing provides scalable storage and processing power for IoT systems,
allowing vast amounts of data from multiple IoT devices to be stored, processed, and
analyzed.
15. What is the significance of low-power consumption in IoT?
Answer: Low power consumption is crucial in IoT to ensure that devices can operate for long
periods without frequent battery replacements, particularly in remote or inaccessible
locations.
16. What are some IoT application areas?
Answer: IoT has numerous applications in areas such as smart homes, healthcare,
agriculture, industrial automation, transportation, and energy management.
17. How do IoT systems improve efficiency?
Answer: IoT systems improve efficiency by automating tasks, providing real-time data for
better decision-making, and optimizing resource use in various industries.
18. What is the difference between IoT and M2M (Machine to Machine)?
Answer: While M2M focuses on communication between machines for a specific task, IoT
extends this concept to include human interaction, data analysis, and cloud connectivity,
creating smarter ecosystems.
19. What are the challenges faced in IoT?
Answer: Challenges in IoT include security concerns, data privacy, interoperability between
devices, scalability, and managing the massive amount of data generated.
20. What is a smart home in IoT?
Answer: A smart home is an IoT application where devices like lights, thermostats, and
security systems are interconnected and can be controlled remotely or autonomously through
the internet.
