Which explorer discovered the Amazon river?

Spanish explorers
By whom those Spanish explorers were attacked?
They were attacked by a group of local tribes.
What were those local tribes wearing?
They were wearing headgears and grass skirts.
Why those Spanish explorers name it Amazon?
When they went to discover the Amazon river, they were attacked by a group of Local tribes, wearing
headgears and grass skirts. These people reminded them of fierce tribes of women warriors known in
Ancient Roman Empire as Amazons. Hence, the name Amazon.
Why tropical region is known as equatorial region?
Because the tropical region lies very close to the equator; between 10°N and 10° S. So, it is referred to
as equatorial region.
How is Amazon basin formed?
The numerous tributary join the Amazon river to form the Amazon basin.
Name the portions that river basin drains.
The river basin drains, portions of Brazil, parts of Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Columbia, and small part of
Venezuela
What are tributaries?
These are small rivers that join the main river.
Define a river basin
The main river, along with all its tributary that drain and area forms a river basin.
What is the another name of river basin?
Catchment area
Which is the largest river basin in the world?
Amazon basin is the largest river basin in the world
Where is Amazon basin located?
Amazon basin stretches directly on the equator.
What type of climate there is in Amazon basin throughout the year? = hot and wet climate.
How does skin feels in rainforest? = skin feels sticky.
How often it rains there?
It rains almost every day, that too without much warning
Tell about the temperature in day and night.
The day temperatures are high with very high humidity. At night, the temperature goes down, but the
humidity remains high.
What don’t allow the sunlight to reach the ground in rainforest?
The dense roof created by leaves and branches do not allow the sunlight to reach the ground
How is the ground there?
The ground remains dark and damp
Which type of vegetation may grow here? = only shade tolerant vegetation.
Describe the fauna of rainforest?
The rainforest is rich in fauna. Birds such as two guns, humming birds, Macaw with their brilliantly
coloured plumage, oversized bills for eating, make them different from birds. We commonly see in
India. These birds make loud sounds in the forest. Numbers like monkeys, sloth and ant-eating tapirs
are found here. Various species of reptiles and snakes like crocodiles, python, anaconda and boa
constrictor also thrive in these jungles
The basin is home to thousands of species of insects. Several species of fishes, including the flesh-
eating. Piranha fish is also found in the river.
What did the people mainly grow?
They mainly grow, tapioca, pineapple, and sweet potato
Which type of agriculture does they practice?
They practice slash and burn agriculture
What is the staple food of people living in Amazon? - Manioc
Another name of Manioc? - Cassava
How does Manioc grow?
It grows under the ground like a potato.
What do the people of Amazon eat?
They eat Manioc, queen ants and egg sacs
Which cash crops are grown here?
Coffee, maize, and Cocoa
Tell about the vegetation of Amazon basin
They mainly grow, tapioca, pineapple, and sweet potato. They practice “slash and burn agriculture.’’.
The staple food is manioc also known as cassava which grows under the ground. Cash crops like coffee,
maize, and Cocoa are grown here.
What is maloca?
There are other large apartment like houses called ‘Maloca’ with a steeply slanting roof
How the heart of forest was reached in earlier times?
In older times, the heart of Forest, could be reached only by navigating the river
What made all the parts of rainforest accessible?
In 1970, the Trans Amazon Highway made all parts of the rainforest accessible. Aircraft and helicopters
are also used for reaching various places.
What was done with the indigenous population of the rainforest?
The indigenous population was pushed out from the area and forced to settle in in new areas where
they continued to practise their distinctive way of farming.
The developmental activities are leading to which situation?
The developmental activities are leading to the gradual destruction of the biological diverse rainforest.
What has been estimated about the large area of rainforest?
It is estimated that a large area of rainforest has been disappearing annually in the Amazon basin
What happened to the land in the rainforest?
The top soil is washed away as the rainfall and the lush forest turns into a barren landscape
Explain the slash and burn practice
Slash and Burn is the way of cultivating land where farmers clear piece of land by slashing or cutting
down trees and bushes. These are then burnt, which releases the nutrients into the soil. Now crops are
grown in this cleared field for a few years.
After repeatedly using the patch of land, the soil loses its nutrients. So it is abandoned. Then they clear
another plot of land to plant. In the meantime, young trees grow in the old field. In this way, soil fertility
is restored. People can then return to it and start cultivating it again.
What happens after repeatedly using the patch of land?
After repeatedly using the patch of land, the soil loses their nutrients. So it is abandoned.
What forms the Ganga Brahmaputra basin and where?
The tributary of rivers Ganga and Brahmaputra together from the Ganga-Brahmaputra basin in the
Indian subcontinent.
Where does the Ganga Brahmaputra basin is situated?
The basin lies in the subtropical region that is situated between 10°N to 30°N latitudes,
Which rivers drain it?
The tributaries of the river Ganga, like the Ghaghra, the Son, The Chambal, the Gandak, The Kosi and
the tributaries of Brahmaputra drain it
What are the main features of Ganga Brahmaputra basin?
The plains of Ganga and the Brahmaputra, the mountains, and the foothills of the Himalayas, and the
Sundarbans delta are the main features of this basin
What is the population density of Uttarakhand? - 189.
What is the population density of West Bengal? -1029.
What is the population density of Bihar? -1102.
Between which time period does the Ganga Brahmaputra basin have rain?
From mid June to mid September.
What place dominant role in distribution of population? = environment.
Does the mountain areas has a dense population?
No, the mountain areas with steep slopes, have inhospitable terrain. Therefore, less number of people
live in the mountain area of Ganga-Brahmaputra basin.
Which type of area provides the most suitable land for human habitation? = Plain areas.
What is the main population of people here?
Agriculture
How is the density of population of plains? = High
Which is the main crop grown here? = Paddy.
Why the paddy is the main crop?
Since cultivation of paddy requires sufficient water, it is grown in the areas where the amount of rainfall
is high such as Ganga Brahmaputra basin
Tell all about the crops grown here.
The main crop is paddy. Wheat, maize,Sorghum , gram, and millets are the other crops that are grown.
Cash crops like sugar cane and Jude are also grown. Banana plantations are seen in some areas of the
plains, West Bengal and Assam tea is grown in plantations. Silk is produced through the cultivation of
silkworms in part of Bihar and Assam. in the mountains and hills, where the slopes are gentle, crops are
grown on terraces.
Tell about the vegetation that grow here
In Ganga and Brahmaputra plain, tropical Decidous trees grow, along with teak, sal and peepal. Thick
bamboo grooves are common in the Brahmaputra plains The Delta area is covered with mangrove
trees. In parts of Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh, Coniferous trees like pine, Deodar and fir
can be seen.
Tell about the fauna of the Ganga Brahmaputra plains
There is a variety of wildlife in the basin. Elephants, tigers, deer, and monkeys are common. The one-
horn rhinoceros is found in the Brahmaputra plane. In the delta area, Bengal, Tiger and crocodile are
found. The most popular varieties of fish are Rohu, Catla and Hilsa.
Tell the cash crops grown here
Sugarcane and jute
How and where the silk is produced?
Silk is produced through the cultivation of silkworms in parts of Bihar and Assam.
Where can we see Coniferous trees?
In parts of Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh
Name the most popular varieties of fish
Rohu, Catla and Hilsa
Where the Bengal Tiger is found? - in Delta area.
What is the staple diet of people living in the area? - Fish and rice.
Where are the terraces are built? - on steep slopes.
Why terraces are built?
To create flat surfaces, on which crops are grown
Why there is a need to remove the slope?
The slope is removed so that water does not run off rapidly
Name a variety of dolphin locally present in the freshwater of river Ganga and River
Brahmaputra
In freshwater is of river, Ganga and river Brahmaputra, a variety of dolphin locally, called Susu ( also
called Blind dolphin) is found
What does the presence of susu indicate?
The presence of susu is an indication of health of river
What is killing this species?
The untreated industrial and urban waste with high amount of chemical are killing this species.
Where does binod live?
He live in the Matwali maun village of Bihar.
What is the occupation of Binod?
He is a fisherman.
Tell the story of Binod.
He is a fisher Ma’am leaving in the Matwali Maun village of Bihar. He is happy man today. Vidhi efforts
of the fellow fisherman- Ravinder, Kishore, Rajiv and others, he cleared the moon or the Oxbow lake to
cultivate different varieties of fish. The local weed (Vallineria Hydrilla) that grows in the lake is the food
of fish. The land around the lake is fertile he sows the crops. The buffalo used to plough the land. The
committee is satisfied. There is enough fish catch from the river-enough fish to eat and enough fish to
sell. They have began supply To the neighbouring town
Name some fellow fisher man with Binod
Ravinder, Kishore, Rajiv, and others
What is the food of fish?
The local weed (vallineria Hydrilla) that grows in the lake, is the food of fish
Which crops do they grow?
They grow paddy, maize, and pulses
When was Swachh Bharat Abhiyan launched?
On 2 October 2014
What was the motive of this?
To achieve universal sanitation and to put fours on sanitation
Name the countries located along the river Ganga
Allahabad, Kanpur, Varanasi, Lucknow, Patna, and Kolkata
Which program has been launched to conserve the river Ganga?
‘Namami’ Ganga programme has been initiated to conserve the river Ganga
Which is the effective means of transport particularly along the rivers? - waterways.
Which is the important port on river Hooghly? - Kolkata.
Tell the main tourist attractions of Ganga Brahmaputra basin.
Taj Mahal on the banks of river Yamuna in Agra, Allahabad on the confluence of river Ganga and
Yamuna, Buddhists stupas in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, Lucknow with its Imambara, Assam with
Kaziranga and Manas with wildlife sanctuaries and Arunachal Pradesh with a distinct tribal culture Are
some of the places worth visit