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Scientific PDF 4

Climate change is primarily driven by human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels, leading to the emission of greenhouse gases like CO2 and methane. Its impacts include rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and increased extreme weather events, affecting ecosystems and economies worldwide. Mitigation and adaptation strategies are essential for addressing climate change, requiring international cooperation and policy changes.

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14 views2 pages

Scientific PDF 4

Climate change is primarily driven by human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels, leading to the emission of greenhouse gases like CO2 and methane. Its impacts include rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and increased extreme weather events, affecting ecosystems and economies worldwide. Mitigation and adaptation strategies are essential for addressing climate change, requiring international cooperation and policy changes.

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xyrfes
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Climate Change

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. These
shifts may be natural, but since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver
of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels (like coal, oil, and gas),
which produces heat-trapping gases.

Causes of Climate Change

The primary cause of current climate change is the emission of greenhouse gases into
the atmosphere. These gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and
nitrous oxide (N2O), trap heat and warm the planet. Major sources of these emissions
include:

Burning of fossil fuels: For electricity, heat, and transportation.

Deforestation: Trees absorb CO2, so their removal contributes to increased


atmospheric CO2.

Agriculture: Livestock farming produces methane, and certain fertilizers release


nitrous oxide.

Industrial processes: Various industrial activities release greenhouse gases as


byproducts.

Impacts of Climate Change

The impacts of climate change are widespread and diverse, affecting ecosystems,
human societies, and economies globally. Some key impacts include:

Rising global temperatures: Leading to more frequent and intense heatwaves.

Changes in precipitation patterns: Resulting in more severe droughts in some


regions and increased flooding in others.

Melting glaciers and ice sheets: Contributing to rising sea levels.


Ocean acidification: Caused by the absorption of excess CO2 by the oceans,
threatening marine life.

Extreme weather events: An increase in the frequency and intensity of storms,


hurricanes, and wildfires.

Mitigation and Adaptation

Addressing climate change requires a two-pronged approach: mitigation and


adaptation.

Mitigation: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions through transitioning to


renewable energy, improving energy efficiency, and adopting sustainable land
use practices.

Adaptation: Adjusting to the current and future effects of climate change, such
as building sea defenses, developing drought-resistant crops, and improving
early warning systems for extreme weather.

International cooperation and policy changes are crucial for effectively tackling this
global challenge.

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