BHAGAVAD-GITA NOTES

CHAPTER SIX

1. Last chapter hint given that astanga superior to jnana, because there is no
activity.Krsna has previously said karma yoga superior to renunciation of work,
jnana.

Visvanath
In 6th chapter Krsna will explain what is yoga, the process of yoga, and how to
control mind. He will also explain that the mind is flickering and also how to
control it.

One who engages in astanga yoga to purify heart, he too should not give up niskama
karma. This Krsna says in text 1.
One who works according to scripture with no desire for fruit is called sannyasi
and he is called yogi because his mind isn't disturbed by sense gratification. His
mind isn't disturbed because he wants fruits.

Not that one gives up performing fire sacrifice makes on a sannyasi.

A-kritya - person who sits in meditation, keeping eyes half closed is not called
yogi, but this person is yogi.

Baladev
In sixth chapter Krsna explains process of purifying heart by yoga and the process
of bringing mind under control.

Krsna explains how astanga yoga is superior to karma but in the beginning of the
chapter Krsna stresses karma as means to astanga.

One who doesn't desire cattle, children , son, name fame wealth, heaven working
dutifully, he is a sannyasi, situated in jnana yoga and yoga by performing astanga
yoga. Means he'll get perfection through karma, not by taking danda, inactivity,
and taking sannyasa.

Meaning of this verse is that one should not give up work abruptly, only slowly, if
one is desiring success in astanga yoga.

Visvanath
2. Sannyasa and yoga are same because a yogi cannot be perfect without renouncing
desire for sense gratification.
Sannyasa means giving up fruits of activities. Yoga means when one's mind isn't
disturbed by desire for sense gratification. Therefore the meaning of the word
sannyasa and yoga are one.

One who hasn't given up desire for fruit of activities cannot be yogi. The desire
must be given up, not only the activity. sankalpa - fixing.

Baladev
Arjuna is asking question. I have heard sannyasa means giving up work and being
situated in knowledge. Yoga is fixing mind, devoid of sense gratification, on one
point. How is sannyasi same as yogi.

Those who know purpose of these two know that both are the same.
They are two, but the similarities are there. What are similarities.

Unless one gives up desire for sense objects cannot become either; but one who has
given up desire for fruits, he is sannyasi. Astanga yoga, when one sits to
meditate, ideas will come and one must control and give up these desires. Because
karma and yogi does same, both are called sannyasi and yogi - similarity is having
given up desire for sense gratification.

3. Arjuna: Astanga yogi lmust perform niskama yoga as long as he lives? Or is there
limit?

One desiring to rise in yoga, or make progress, should work.

Why? This will purify the heart. By doing that one will achieve success. When he
comes to platform of dhyana or dharma, he can stop that work to meditate and make
further progress.

A person desiring success in yoga, means heart not yet clean. So first work to
clean heart.
In beginning one can clean heart by working and later on he can work to please
Lord. But hismain process of purification is meditation.

Baladev
Up to stage of dyana, before that, in beginning,
one must do niskama karma. by renouncing work his meditation
will bestrong. Rejecting,
especially work that causes dis-
turbance of mind. Especially mixing
with people.

4. Yoga rudha - from verse 3, define - one who has achieved success.

Does not become attracted to seense objects nor does he desire to taste the fruit
of his acitivity - yoga arudha.
Vikalpa - options
Sankalpa - choice of doing something - desire

Goal is same for karma/ jnana/ yoga - all processes of purifying heart - and fixing
mind on brahman, paramatma or Bhagavan depending on goal.
This signifies independence that he can renounce.

sankalpa - sarva sankalpa sannyasi - he can give up his mental ***

Visvanath
Person whose heart is purified is called yoga-arudhi and symptoms in this verse.
First he gives up desire then he gives up work.
When one gives up karma - working and desire he is yoga-arudha.

Baladev
Symptoms of yoga-rudha explained.
Persons getting his rasa, pleasure, from spiritual level doesn't get attached to
sense objects. He has given up all attachment for objects of senses and work to
obtain them. He thus doesn't become attached to either objects or the work.
He doesn't become attached to work means he gives up desires related to sense
objects. He can stillwork for welfare or set example. Not sarva-karma sannyasa.

5. Atma - word seven times but meaning of atma different

*atma - mind and self
Mind is attached to sense objects mind will make one fall down to well of hell, so
one should carefully use mind free from sense objects. Mind attached to sense
objects will take one to hell. Mind is either friend or enemy.

Why does Krsna say we shouldn't becomee attached to sense objects (previous verse).
Because then mind becomes one's enemy and makes us come down to material world. But
same mind can act properly and elevate one.
Visvanath
6. Previous verse mind friend and enemy. This verse how the mind is friend and the
enemy. First atma second atma living entity. The living entity who has controlled
his mind has mind as friend. A person whose mind is not controlled, his mind acts
as enemy, creating unfavorable situation for him.

Neglect of mind liberates one.

Baladev
Mind is friend or enemy depending whether it is controlled or not.
What does it mean to control one's mind.

7. What is situation of one who has controlled mind?

[Next verse are symptoms of person on yoga ladder, achieve success - 7-9]
He has controlled mind; he is peaceful - no raga and dvesha.
Such a yogi definitely becomes siutated in samadhi. He is undisturbed by extremes
in respect, heat, cold. When all things come to him he remains controlled.

Baladev
In 7-9 it is explained one who has achieved yoga - whether there is heat, cold,
honor, or dishonor is undisturbed,his mind contains no attachement and aversion,
such a person who has this detachment can give up work and sit down in samadhi.

8. Further symptoms of yoganidhi. Jnana is knowledge achieved by hearing from

sastra/ guru, and vijnana is experienced knowledge. Yogi is satisfied by his
realization and experience. Kuto-stha - one who is fixed like anvil that is being
beaten by blacksmith.

Why is he kuto stha - Because he has no attachment to anything material. Why?

Because he is satisfied - trptatma. Satisfied with his jnana vijnana. Stone means
jewelry.

Baladev
Jnanam knowledge coming from sastra, vijnana knowledge from soul. He is ajitendriya
- controlled his sense because of his satisfaction.
In materialistic things - pebbles, stones, and gold, he has neutral vision.
Yoga rudha - cessation of material activities cause for cessation of work.
He is person who can give up niskama karma and sit down and meditate.

9. This is most difficult of three because one must give up attachment for
relatives. It is said attachment to family is difficult to give up, even for great
sage.

Su-krt - one in hart - welfare worker who does good for others without knowing who
they are - even if you do bad - su-krt does good.
Nitra - friend, *** killer, neutral - doesn't care, udasina.
Mediator - madhya - impartial judger - cares but takes no sides. avesha - envious,
doesn't kill but causes problems, bandhu- blood relatives, saddhu - ill givers
papesu sinners
Sees all these as equal. A more advanced stage than other two verses.

Baladev
A yogi who has equal vision between friends and enemies is superior to one who has
equal vision for pebbles, stones, etc.
su-krt - well-wisher, mitra - benefactor for friend.

Ari - not a friend, wants to do something dangerous.

udasina - neutral, madhyestha - neutral, dvesha - envious, bandhu - does good
because he's a relative, sadhu - religious, papesu - irreligious.
Such a person who sees these equally his mind truly does not become disturbed and
his meditation can be uninterrupted.

section ekaki - alone

10. new verse - no posessions - no grhastha - sannyasi

nir asir - lonely place
commentary on yogarudha line of txt 4

Visvanath
7-9. Symptoms of yogarudha - when one is ready to practice yoga on yogarudha stage
10. How to practice onthat stage.

Krsna will now explain yoga along withits parts.

Baladev
Yogi refer to niskama karma. Day and night he should try to control his mind. He
should go to quiet, secluded place and he should go without disciple. Hee has to
control mind and body. One who has given up all activities unfavorable to yoga. He
should be nirasir, highly renounced with no material desires and free from
possessiveness.

11-12. Which type of place is explained. Clean, hold place, and sit down in nice
asana. Not walking around. High or low asana cause disturbances.

Kusa then deerskin then cloth on top.

Visvanath
Being situated on kusa/ deerskin/ cloth (cloth on top for washing), perform yoga to
purify heart. Try to make mind free from disturbances so he can have purification
of soul. I can be seen, (the soul) by sharp, concentrated fixed mind. (Fixing mind
on one point generates much power).

Sthiram asanam - one should have one's own asanas not use the asana of others.
(Pots, cloth, kamadalu should be one's own, not shared).

He should sit on it; it's not for sleeping or standing. Therefore, Patangaji says
'sit on asana,' and then controlling mind fixing it on one object, one should
practice samadhi.
By performing that, heart will become purified, thus sharp, and it will be able to
see one's self.

13-14. First how to sit, now the process how to meditate.

(acalam) - fixed without rocking or movement.
Controlling mind, meditate of beautiful four-armed form and become Krsna's devotee.

Baladev
How to maintain one's body. Trunk, neck and head should be straight and he should
strongly practice look at tip of nose, not looking here or there. Not disturbances
in the mind and completely fearless. Complete brahmacary, retract mind from sense
objects and free from sense gratification. He should keep his goal and mind fixed
only on Me. This is yoga-yunjita-satatam.

15. What is result after practicing like this for a long time?

Baladev
A yogi must practice like this every day, controlling mind and keeping it very
pure, achieves peace related to Me. One must get to know Supersoul if one wants to
cross over death. This is nirvana, moksa.
Don't desire siddha, material power, if one does, one won't make progress.

16-17. More rules for practicing yoga..

Practicing like this, eating not too much or too little.. What does this meand?
Half food, one-quarter water, one quarter air. This is balance. Too little gives
too much air, causes disturbance as well. Too much, too little cause disturbance.

17. Balance food or walk too much. These things in excess - work, walk, eat, or
sleep. He should be balanced in working; it should be mostly talking, but that too
should be limited. He should be controlled in eating, walking, talking and he'll
thus be free from desires and strong for the purpose of successful meditation.

18. Up till now, the process of meditation. Now the perfedtion of yoga.
When a yogi is called perfect is explained in this verse. When his mind, free from
disturbance remains situated in self, he is called yukta. (This is the definition
of yukta).

Baladev
Practicing yoga mind of self, free from other desires, such a yogi is called yukta,
successful. His symptom is he has no material desires, as he is getting all his
happiness and desires are fulfilled from within.

19. Example to illustrate mind fixed in his own self. - No wavering, that is
meaning of samadhi, aloof from subtle and gross body.

Visvanath
A lamp kept in windless place's flame doesn't move, this is simile given for yogi
whose mind fixed in samadhi.

Baladev
A yogi's mind in samadhi is explained by this example: This is for person who has
controlled the functioning of mind (citta-vritti) [energy, business, functioning -
vritti] Such a person called yukta.

20-25. Krsna is explaining the samadhi state and how yogi feels. (last 24-25) How
to come to that stage.

Visvanath
In text wherein Krsna says eats too much or eats too little means he can't attain.
Samprajnat samadhi - has many divisions.
20-23 first line defined in this verse. In that samadhi, mind disturbed from sense
objects and thinks of nothing else. What is reason for not going? He controls his
mind by practice of yoga.
Pantajali says, "Yoga means controlling citta-vrittis."
These veses must be taken together. Here it is said that he sees Supersoul in heart
and remains satisfied by Supersoul ralization and he attains unending happiness.
One who knows that doesn't move, remains fixed in that. This type of happiness can
be attained only by purified intelligence,and thus he attains Supersoul.
(Intelligence of soul, different from material intelligence). He is undeviated, he
attains it and thinks nothing is better, and he is completely free from the
slightest tinge of misery.

24. One may think this occurs quickly, but it doesn't so one should be determined
and remain enthusiastic in mind. Not depressed if no results come. (niscaya - fixed
up)
Either this life or next, why should I hurry. Possess determination. "One's
patience in practicing controlling mind should be like, as if you take straw of
Kusa and empty ocean."
(Story of sparrow emptying ocean). - either this life time or next (he knew he
wasn't body) Narada, being merciful, went to Garuda and sent him to help this bird.
Garuda said by flapping my wings I'll dry ocean. Ocean was fearful.

Only when a sadhaka, has this determination in any yoga faith in sastra, enthusiasm
in work and then attain grace of God. He'll help.

Such a person practicing yoga, in beginning or later stages, giving up desires,

beginning stage - or final stage - fixed - if one's determination is strong, one
will be successful.

20-25. Baladev

In this verse natyanes - one who eats too much can't be yogi - yogi means samathi
explained in these verses when by practicing yoga one controls citta vritti mind
doesn't wander anywhere else, he gets great pleasure. He remains satisfied in self,
not body and sense objects. Krsna is explaining samadhi and yoga by it form and its
fruit.

Citta-vritti nyoga - means mind becomes peaceful an one gets pleasure. One gets
unending pleasure, beyond sense, transcendental in samadhi, from spiritual
platform.
Situated in that Absolute Truth he doesn't fall down, and doen't consider anything
else important. He is even undisturbed by death.

Basic definition of samadhi - no touch of misery, undisturbed and beyond happiness

and distress, beyond sense objects and modes of material nature.

First 3 1/2 svarupa - culmination /form of yoga

next how it is obtained

One must have fixed faith "I will be successful". Determined, no feeling of
laziness or unenthusiasticness. Just as bird whose eggs were stolen by ocean
didn't give up her enthusiasm to dry up ocean.
Such a person who's thus determined should give upall material desires that arise
from sankalpa, controlling senses from all sides, all desires given up that are
unfavorable and his mind sh ould meditate on eternal goal and pleasure lost if I
fall victim to sense gratification in later stage.

25. sannaih sanaih - slowly control mind by intelligence which comes from proper
hearing and meditation on sastra.
With mind fixed on atma/paramatma, no other thoughts should be there.

Controlling and fixing mind on self, he should meditate only onthe soul. He should
act slowly and steadily, not expecting success in one day.

26. What happens when one begins to conrol the mind?

Bring it back under control.
cancalam/ astiram - adjectives for mind.
flickering not fixed

One who walks badly

running improperly reject all reasons for mind's
wandering by strong intelligence
niscal - it must become

Fixed in self, not thought ***

Because of raja guna from past, one should try to control mind which runs due to
past situation.
Even if advanced, mind will wander due to past defects. One shouldn't become
careless and let it run.
One has to control it through practice.
Wherever the mind goes to sense objects, it should be stopped from obtaining
objects of senses. Not to give in and try to make it peaceful through indulgence.
Rather bring it bakc to self, and later, fruit of self realization will come.
Therefore intelligent people don't take pleasure in these things.

27. (Even before perfection, self realization, pleasure will come. When yogi
becomes peaceful, he obtains happiness, decreased passion, situated in brahman,
free from sins. Rid of lower modes, comes to higher modes - goodness - which brings
happiness).

Visvanath
When one is coming to this platform he obtains the happiness of samadhi. "Happiness
comes to yogi" when one is endeavoring he obtains samadhi for his mind is situated,
without flickering, in self. He becomes free from remaining sins, and free from
passion (and ignorance). At this stage, in peace and purified, he realizes his self
and on that platform, happiness automatically approaches the yogi. (Yogi wants
happiness, devotee is free from this desire).

28-32. Perfect in yoga.

Baladev
28. Freedom from sins brings happiness.
After that he beecomes jivan mukta liberated in his body.
In this verse Krsna is explaining Supersoul realization after self-realization.
(Last verse - self realization).

By practicing, free from sins and impurities, he easily comes in contact with
Supersoul and thus experiences perfect pleasure, jivan mukta.

29. What is vision of vision of jivan mukta?

Explained here

Visvanath
He sees all living entities have Supersoul within, then but also they are within
Supersoul. He sees this directly, not philosophically or intellectually. He sees
brahman everywhere with his spiritual, not material vision.

Baladev
Thus, when a person has attained trance, samadhi, he sees all living entities
situated in and supported by the Supersoul. The Supersoul thus has no partiality.
Atma means Supersoul and He sees Supersoul within every living entity, and
Supersoul supports all, everywhere, not only some places, regardless of higher or
lower creatures.
What is benefit of this type of vision?

30. Result of equal vision - Supersoul is always available to his vision. Thus
such a yogi, or My worshiper, never falls down from his platform.

Baladev
Explaining like this, Krsna explains the benefit of this vision. Krsna never
becomes invisible for such a yogi, and yogi is always visible to Krsna. A direct
relationship always exists between this yogi and the Supersoul.

31. Further explanation - Visvanath brings it to devotee level.

One whoknows Supersoul is cause of everything, worships Me, by hearing about Me,
remembering Me, performing My bhajan, such a person, acting or not acting according
to sastra, is with Me not in material world.

This stage is before realization of direct Paramatma, if one is performing My

bhajan, situated in Me, knowing I'm situated in all living beings, that yogi is
always in Me. (Devotee even if not on the level of previous verses, if hearing and
chanting, still are always in Krsna).

Baladev
different explanation

That yogi who has experienced Me an union *** transcendental energies becomes dear
to Me. I'm living in heart of all living entities in yellow cloth, thumb size with
weapons. He who knows all these expansions are one while meditating on Me, such a
yogi is in Me regardless of his performing or not performing his duties. He has
realized My inconceivable potency, his lower modes burned and he becomes liberated.
This potency of actually realizing the inconceivable potency of Lord.
Smrti mantra (Srila Prabhupada's purport explains ekatva - situated as one.

Visvanath

32. Previous it was said that one in samadhi has equal vision, but practices should
also practice feeling like this. Just like I like happiness and therefore a yogi
should not act in such a way that will cause misery for others.

Baladev
Previous said, Yogi should do welfare for others; not it is further explained that
through his own example, his own standard of experience for happiness and distress,
he should use that for others. One should behave desiring happiness, not destress
for others, and such a yogi who can do this, is best, and one possessing any other
vision is not a good yogi.

33. Definition of great yogi given in previous verse, seeing how difficult it is to
remain in an equipoised stage, equal vision, Arjuna asked this question.

I can't do it. maybe for three days. Because of flickering mind. You said I should
empathize with happiness and distress of living entities. I can have this
relationship with friends and relatives, but I can't have it for those envious and
who criticize me. I can't have it for both Yudhisthira and Durodhana. Even with
knowledge and vision of Supersoul and equality, I can't maintain it for more than a
few days becuase mind is flickering. But mind, being attached to sense objects,
will be drawn to sense objects therefore I don't think this is very stable for me.

Arjuna is not ready to accept this yoga of sannyas seeing happiness and miseries of
others as stable and don't have faith in it because of instability of mind. For
friend, not enemies and critics, I can have. Others, not possible.

If you say to use knowledge of discrimination knowing Supersoul is in all, you

should know my mind is flickering and hard to control. It is impossible for me.

34. Krsna's answer: *** hi manah Krsna. So many adjectives for mind: pramathi -
churning. Balavad - unbreakable, drd - obstinate.

Visvanath
There it is said mind is flickering. What is your problem? Why you find it so
difficult to control mind? Mind is reins and intelligence the driver of chariot.

Arjuna's answer: pramathi - it churns, agitates the intelligence it wishes to

control. And intelligence, rather than controlling mind, becomes its servant.
How is mind controlling intelligence? It is powerful. Just like man is sick. You
give him medicine and medicine fights with disease and cures. But if disease is
strong, it doesn't care for medicine. Similarly with mind, if

Mind is drd; hard, obstinate. If intelligence is strong like hard, *** needle
which can pierce through cloth or paper, hard mind is like *** and cannot be
periced. Like it is difficult to control wind, which is always moving and sky.
Similarly mind is difficult to control by these yogic process. Because mind is
unsteady.

Baladev

Now in Vedas it is said senses are five horses, intelligence is driver, soul
passenger, mind reins, body is chariot. Knowing this, one should control all,
especiall mind, with intelligence. So what is problem? pramathi! Why! Balavat! Like
disease in advanced stage in which medicine doesn't act. Like needle trying to
pierce iron. I can't control it by yoga. Like one can't catch wind in fire, I think
process difficult to control mind.

Arjuna: What means can I use to control it?

35. Krsna's answer: Yes, difficult to control mind, but maha-baho, don't give up,
control mind.

Krsna accepts Arjuna's statement, but gives answer.

But even when disease is advanced, still, by taking proper medicine again and again
under proper doctor, under the guidance of spiritual master,becoming renounced,
giving up desire for sense gratification, one will be able to catch mind and keep
it in hand/fist.
Patanjali says: Mind is controlled by practice and renunciation.
Yama/ niyama - whata to do and not do.

abhyasa & vairagyena

practice renunciation

Maha-baho

You are maha-baho, you have strong, long arma nd you have satisfied Lord Siva and
conquered enemies and battle, but that is not great. If you can conquer mana, the
crestjewel of all warriors, using weapon of yoga and control this mana, then I will
call you Maha-baho.

Kaunteya: Don't worry, you are son of Kunti, My aunt, I'll help you. Don't become
discouraged.

Baladev
Krsna accepts Arjuna's statement in last 2 slokas, "There is no doubt what you say
is right, but still one should practice keeping one's mind on pleasure of spiritual
platform and on the defects of sense gratification. By practicing like this, aloof
from sense objects, one will be able to control mind.

Enjoying pleasure from spiritual platform, practice, remaining aloof from sense
objects, avoiding those things that cause distraction one can control mind. Like
regularly taking medicine, even a cronic disease can be controlled and you are
maha-baho - so control mind with your great power.

36. (It is possible to control mind, if one practices with rules and regulations)
But a person whose mind isn't controlled in practice and renunciation it is not
possible to control mind. But a person whose, even though he is controlled mind, if
he is practicing, he can comee to platform of samadhi if he is following proper
procedures, after a long time.
(Two things - abhyasa and vairagya)

Baladev
If a person doesn't have practice and renunciation, even a man ofknowledge can't
obtain samadhi. Dusprapya means in this case 'impossible'. Practice means practice
of the process/ principles of yoga. After practicing and following rules and
regulations one comes to platform of controlling mind, and then after controlling
mind, by further practice, he can attain success.
By following the procedure - devotional service, jnana, or niskama karma - one can
attain success.
(In all paths, these two processes of abhyasa and vairagya are needed).

37. Person has faith, but doesn't become successful

Arjuna asks:
You say one who is practicing and one who is renounced and then endeavours gets
yoga. But what is situation of one who endeavours without complete heart? But he
has faith in process, he's a theist, he practices but not hard, he's not a cheater
but he's lax in his following, and due to lack of renunciation and not being strong
in his practice his mind becomes deviated after just some process. He's one step
above beginner having made some progress and leaves his body, what's his
destination.

Baladev
Previously you have glorified niskama karma by doing this one gets knowledge and
liberation and realizes one's own self and Supersoul. You've glorified and
explained it again and again. Arjuna is again desiring to hear that same thing. By
practicing with proper determination and endeavour, a person achieves success. A
person begins with faith, but is weak in his practice and because of this his mind
has become deviated from this practice of astanga yoga and been attracted to sense
gratification, and his heart hasn't become purified to the point of seeing self and
Superself, and has not come to platform of success inyoga, what is destination of
such a person when he leaves his body.

38-39. Arjuna's question: A person has given up his prescribed duties and in yoga
marg hasn't been successful. He's lost from karma yoga side and astanga yoga side.
He gives example of small part of cloud taken away by wind. His heart has developed
desire for sense gratification but he's given up the place whereon he can satisfy
that desire. And because he hasn't performed his karma he won't go to heaven and
because he hasn't completed yoga, he won't get liberation. Such a person, deviated
from path of God realization, where, since he has no position, will he go?

Baladev
He's clarifying what he means by his question. He's given up his niskama so he
doesn't get heaven and given up yoga he'll not get liberation. With no status,
where does he go? Like part of cloud disassociated from main cloud, does he also
like that, get lost?
Why is this doubt coming to Arjuna? Because the person has become bewildered and
deviated, if he'd continue he'd get success.

Why only Krsna can dispel doubt? Krsna is sarva-jna, Supreme Lord, most
knowledgable so You'll give me best answer.

Kayana-krt: Anyone who follows any spiritual auspicious path, not only yoga.
40. In this or next world, a person who has engaged in this auspicious path of yoga
will be destroyed. The Supreme Lord answers Arjuna: Such a person, either in
material world or spiritual world, nothing is lost. He gets both his spiritual and
material benefits indue course of time. Why? When starts on this auspicious path,
he doesn't get in a situation of misery whenin he loses all.

tata: - very affectionate address

father/ sometimes son or disciple

Krsna's heart melted by Arjuna's glorification of Him in previous verse, so He

replies, with melted heart with word, tata. (Deviation means from path, but not
vikarma - into improper search for sense gratification)

41. What happens to him if he's not lost? This is explained: What is destination?
He goes to those planets achieved by the pious who perform sacrifices. Thus he
gets both yoga and bhoga.

So it that everyone goes to heaven first? Only those not so advanced and who desire
sense gratification go to heaven before the pious birth. Others, who don't have
material desires, don't go to heaven. One who is fixed, and more advanced, who
doesn't complete his path, remains ont he path of self realization. There are
examples of advanced yogis, who by will of Lord, get desire for sense gratification
- Saubhari Muni and Kardama Muni.

Sucinam refers to very pious and religious family and srimatam refers to rich
mercantile or royal family.

Baladev
The opulences one gets are described here.
It depends what kind of desire an person had when he became loose and deviated and
that desire will carry him, by the potency of his path, to achieve his desire. He
goes to the planets of pious, attained by one who has performed horse sacrifice. He
stays there until his desire becomes satisfied. He then again develops distaste for
sense gratification and takes birth in pious or rich family wherein he'll be
qualified to practice yoga. This occurs by potency of previous nature, so if one
hasn't practiced strongly he will get heavenly result. This is destination of not
highly advanced yoga. Destination of more advanced yogi explained in the next
verse.

42. (Previous, fallen/ deviated yogi takes birth in pious, rich, or ipous rich
family to continue his process of yoga. Only those desiring sense gratification go
to heaven for long time, to burn desire for enjoyment and his 'enjoyment'.
Sanskara is distroyed. Opp. from childhood to associate with mahatmas.)

Previous siutation and after that time, of long practice, birth in family of yogis
or devotees. Example of Nimi, born in Janak's family.

Baladev
The situation or destination of yoga who falls after long time is explained inthis
verse. He falls into family of intelligent- etad dhi - birth is better than
previously mentioned. For those practicing yoga, this type of birth is rare and
occurs due to previous samskara. After takes birth, what happens is explained in
next verse.

Visvanath
43. (His mind again attracted to yoga from previous samskara).
(Practice has made it his nature - samskara). In these two types of birth, he gets
his intelligence, fixed faith in God consciousness.
Baladev
He is born in good family, he also gets his paurva samskara from previous body.
Krsna has already said there is no loss or diminution from 2nd chapter. Example of
Bharat Maharaj.

So in this birth he gets intelligence or his remembrance regarding his

constitutional position regarding Supersoul, and he then endeavors inthis life very
hard to purify himself; for he realizes he has fallen down from his position and
behaves very cautiously.

44. Continued from previous verse - sabda-brahma - karma kanda section of Vedas.
dvaso 'pi sah - e
He is attracted, more than inquisitive *** that is casual, therefore he transcends
the statement of Vedas which deals with fruitive activities because he is on his
yogic path and spiritual progress. His mind is only attradted to above.

Baladev
Because of his previous spiriitual practice, despite obstacles, he is attracted
only on this path. This fact glorifies yoga.
"hi" stresses yoga (jynasa - doesn't mean inquisitive in
sense of just inquiring. He has no
desire for karma kanda. This will not
happen unless one has been practicing
yoga for some time deeply.

45. (By his practice, contaminations from previous lives become cleansed and
perfection will come gradually by the process)

Visvanath
So the cause of his falldown in yoga is slackness inyoga practice, but now he'll
begin prayatnal practice. The slack practitioner doesn't immediately attain
perfection, but he must practically endeavour and put energy into his practice. And
if a person who is not slack, but who hasn't completed, he is not yoga brastha. (He
gets perfect facilities, not heavenly or rich environment, rather immediate
training in yoga. This process occurs in all paths, whether yoga, jnana, niskama
karma - Lala Babu)
This is also supported by Kardama Muni, "After many births one becomes perfect in
yoga, meditating on Lord in heart by yoga - so therefore it is said he endeavors
very hard."
This is difference between this person now and in his last life. He thus becomes
purified, freed from all sins, then after many births and comes to platform of
liberation.

Baladev
In this way innext birth, fearing falldown he endeavors hard and thus becomes
purified from desires which can deviate him from yoga. In this way after many lifes
he becomes perfect by realizing his own soul and Supersoul and thus becomes
liberated.

46. Summary of chapter by glorifying yogi. Between karmis, jnanis, and tapasvi and
yogi, who is best? A yogi better than tapasvi performing fasts and austerities, and
better than jnani who meditates on impersonal feature of Lord, and better than
karmi-yogi with material desires. If he's better than jnani, he's better than
karmi. In my opinion, since a yogi is better than all these, you sh ould become a
yogi.

Baladev
Krsna is now glorifyingyoga, which is the cause of liberation and even if he falls
down he comes back to his path and achieves liberation. Therefore Krsna is
glorifying. A yogi who is endeavoring is explained in this chapter is better than
jnani who knows sastra, karmi who is digging wells, making roads, etc., and the
tapasvi. Because yoga on path of liberation, also is better than tapasvis who has
not yet knowledge. (Because yogi knows the Supersoul).

47. Worshiper of Me is better than all yogis.

Visvanath
This ends chapter called dhyana yoga. Therefore no one is better than yogi (last
verse's conclusion). Then better than yogi is a person rendering service to Me.
This work yoginam is 6th case taken as 5th case. He is not amongst all the yogis,
he is in class by himself, above the yogis. (Taken as 6th case it means he is best
of yogis). (Yoginam is 6th case).

The word savesam is redendant to yoginam means all yogis. Significance means all
different types and classes of yogis he is best. He is betterthan all classes of
yogis, regardless of their realization and position. Sraddhavan - full faith from
hearing sastra.

Yoga can also mean a process or means. There are many means of attaining
perfection, of all people of all means, the one who worships Me has best means.
Karmis, tapasvis, jnanis and yogis, situated on yoga ladder and astanga-yoga is
better than previous yogis. And one engaged in pure devotion, hearing and chanting
is yogattama, superlative
Therefore 6th Canto
muktanam api siddhanam
narayana parayana
sudurlabah
kotesv

Narayana parayana is so rare; Krsna parayana is most rare.

Summary: Krsna will speak devotional service in next 6 chapter. This verse is the
sutra for next 6 chapter, a garland.

In first chapter describes story, introduction, 2nd and 4th describes karma and
niskama karma, 5th jnana, and 6th yoga has been decribed. Still in these 6
chapters, niskama karma has mostly been explained.

Baladev Vidyabusana
In first six chapters means (1) janistha (desiring pleasure in heaven than get
liberation) devotee are explained.
Namely, jnana, karma, niskama; in next six the activities for attachmeent here, not
heaven, (2) paranistha, want something here not heaven; (more advanced) next 6
chapters.
(3) nipeksa - no desires.

Devotee in different category than karmis, jnanis, tapasvis. Among them, karmis,
etc., there is graduation, as they are lower than yogis, they are in one class;
yogi is better; this type of yogi best (yoginam). Just as mountain made of gold is
in a class by itself, and compared to other mountains, we don't care about their
graduations (compared to the gold).

***
A person who has faith and thus devotion to Me, (they go together), he has strong
faith in devotional statements in sastra, faith in Krsna, who is blackish, eyes
like radiant sun, beautiful as lotus that has bloomed by rays of sun, clothe that
is shining and yellowish, wearing helmet and earrings, bangles, armlets, and is
dispelling all darkness by His beauty, and has various forms like Nrsimha and Rama,
appearing in human form. He is Krsna, complete in knowledge, His desire is reality,
He is most beautiful. One who worships Krsna, who has allqualities mentioned above,
by hearing, chanting, is called mad-gatanentaratmana, who cannot be separated from
Me for even a moment. Ataratmana
means I have entered his very existence.
Such a person who is My devotee is superior to previously mentioned karmis, yogis.
Because he sees all clearly he is following best path. My devotee is best. (361)
Krsna, in 46, said yogi is best of all.
after 46 Arjuna: Is there anyone else better than yogi? I should become that.
Krsna: Yes! 47.
In ladder of yoga, yukta is dhyana yogi who is better than karmi, and one in
samadhi better, but My devotee better than all (360-361) from beginning.

Bhajan - means to render service - not to retire.

Bhaj dhatu has been explained as rendering service and bhakti, means to render
service. Service here and next life, free from any desire, niskaryar, for pleasure
of Krsna.

"Soul is seen, heard about, meditated on and comtemplated" from Yajnavalkya.

Devotional service is internal poteency of Lord, not of material world, beyond
modes.

Vedas say: "The Lord exists in bhakti yoga."

So the activities of hearing and chanting are ornaments of transcendental body of
Lord; in samy way hearing and chanting, like the ornaments of Lord, are internal
potency and are not of this world.

Q: When one begins rendering devotional service one doesn't feel ananda. Answer: By
constant practice, like sugar candy curing jaundice, service frees one from
disease; one should therefore be sraddhavan, and procede with great faith.

The Supreme Lord Mukunda has spoken Bhagavad-gita inchapter one, the summary study
of niskama karma in chapter 2, and explained 3 and 4. In 5 chapter jnana yoga and
the 6th astanga yoga has been explained.
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