Section A: MCQs
Total Marks: 40
Time Allowed: 45 Minutes
🧠 Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)
1. The Constitution of 1973 was passed during the period of:
a) Ayub Khan
b) Zia-ul-Haq
c) Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto
d) Yahya Khan
2. The “Theory of Separation of Powers” is given by:
a) Machiavelli
b) Montesquieu
c) Rousseau
d) Hobbes
3. “The end justifies the means” is associated with:
a) Hobbes
b) Locke
c) Machiavelli
d) Plato
4. The Republic was written by:
a) Aristotle
b) Machiavelli
c) Plato
d) Cicero
5. The philosopher who discussed “Two Swords Theory” was:
a) St. Augustine
b) Thomas Aquinas
c) Marsiglio
d) Dante
6. Who introduced the term “Sovereignty”?
a) Locke
b) Hobbes
c) Jean Bodin
d) Montesquieu
7. The author of Leviathan was:
a) Hobbes
b) Locke
c) Rousseau
d) Mill
8. According to Aristotle, polity is a combination of:
a) Democracy and monarchy
b) Oligarchy and democracy
c) Monarchy and tyranny
d) Aristocracy and oligarchy
9. Political Science is defined as:
a) Study of past events
b) Study of behavior
c) Study of state and government
d) Study of society
10. “Syndicalism” is related to:
a) Religion
b) Society
c) Economy
d) Labour movement
11. The main characteristic of the unitary form of government is:
a) Division of power
b) Concentration of power
c) Judiciary control
d) Parliamentary sovereignty
12. Who is regarded as the founder of scientific socialism?
a) Lenin
b) Stalin
c) Karl Marx
d) Engels
13. The “Dialectical Materialism” was developed by:
a) Hegel
b) Marx
c) Lenin
d) Trotsky
14. The word “Democracy” is derived from which language?
a) Latin
b) Greek
c) French
d) English
15. Who gave the “Greatest Happiness of the Greatest Number” principle?
a) Bentham
b) Mill
c) Locke
d) Plato
16. “Politics is who gets what, when and how” is defined by:
a) Easton
b) Lasswell
c) Weber
d) Machiavelli
17. The 8th Amendment in Pakistan was passed in:
a) 1985
b) 1986
c) 1988
d) 1990
18. The concept of “Elitism” was presented by:
a) Karl Marx
b) Vilfredo Pareto
c) Rousseau
d) Locke
19. The UNO replaced:
a) League of Nations
b) NATO
c) SEATO
d) CENTO
20. Who wrote The Spirit of Laws?
a) Hobbes
b) Montesquieu
c) Rousseau
d) Locke
21. Rule of law was advocated by:
a) Dicey
b) Hobbes
c) Rousseau
d) Marx
22. Which country was the first to implement federalism?
a) USA
b) UK
c) France
d) Germany
23. In which year did Pakistan become a Republic?
a) 1947
b) 1956
c) 1962
d) 1973
24. The term “Iron Curtain” was first used by:
a) Stalin
b) Roosevelt
c) Churchill
d) Hitler
25. International Relations became a separate academic discipline after:
a) WWI
b) WWII
c) Korean War
d) Cold War
26. “Political Science begins and ends with the state” — who said this?
a) Laski
b) Aristotle
c) Garner
d) Machiavelli
27. The idea of “checks and balances” is a feature of:
a) Unitary system
b) Parliamentary system
c) Presidential system
d) Aristocracy
28. Who wrote On Liberty?
a) Bentham
b) Hobbes
c) J.S. Mill
d) Locke
29. The first Muslim to become President of the General Assembly was:
a) Sir Agha Khan
b) Zafrullah Khan
c) Sir Syed
d) Liaquat Ali Khan
30. In a parliamentary form of government, real powers are exercised by:
a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Governor
d) Judiciary
31. The “Social Contract” theory supports the idea of:
a) Divine Right
b) People’s Consent
c) Military Rule
d) Monarchy
32. The term “Political Culture” was introduced by:
a) Almond & Verba
b) Easton
c) Weber
d) Montesquieu
33. The Third World refers to:
a) Western bloc
b) Communist bloc
c) Developing countries
d) Non-democratic countries
34. The Green Book is the official document of:
a) Iran
b) North Korea
c) Libya
d) Iraq
35. In which year did Pakistan join the United Nations?
a) 1947
b) 1948
c) 1950
d) 1952
36. A referendum is a device of:
a) Dictatorship
b) Direct Democracy
c) Presidential system
d) Parliamentary system
37. The first female Prime Minister in the Muslim world was:
a) Fatima Jinnah
b) Indira Gandhi
c) Benazir Bhutto
d) Khaleda Zia
38. The famous “Two-Nation Theory” was first clearly stated by:
a) Jinnah
b) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
c) Iqbal
d) Liaquat Ali Khan
39. Who founded the Indian National Congress?
a) Gandhi
b) A.O. Hume
c) Nehru
d) Tilak
40. Who among the following was a proponent of “Justice as Fairness”?
a) Rawls
b) Nozick
c) Marx
d) Rousseau
Section B: Essay Question
(20 Marks – Choose ONE only)
Word Limit: 700–900 words
Q1. Critically examine the evolution of federalism in Pakistan in the context of the 18th
Constitutional Amendment.
Discuss historical background, challenges, and implications for provincial autonomy.
OR
Q2. Discuss the impact of classical political thinkers (Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Rousseau) on
modern democratic thought.
Support your analysis with examples and contemporary relevance.
OR
Q3. Analyze the role of international organizations (UN, OIC, SCO) in shaping Pakistan’s
foreign policy.
Focus on historical developments, benefits, and limitations.
