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2 Profit and Loss Chapter 2

The document contains a series of mathematical problems categorized into two levels: Level 1 (Easy to Moderate) with 30 questions and Level 2 (Moderate to Difficult) with 20 questions. Each question involves calculations related to profit, loss, discounts, and ratios in various commercial scenarios. The problems are sourced from multiple images and require analytical skills to solve.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
90 views9 pages

2 Profit and Loss Chapter 2

The document contains a series of mathematical problems categorized into two levels: Level 1 (Easy to Moderate) with 30 questions and Level 2 (Moderate to Difficult) with 20 questions. Each question involves calculations related to profit, loss, discounts, and ratios in various commercial scenarios. The problems are sourced from multiple images and require analytical skills to solve.

Uploaded by

Fienon Francis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here is the extracted text from the 11 images (FP1 to FP11) in the correct order,

categorized into Level 1 (Easy to Moderate) and Level 2 (Moderate to Difficult) as


specified:

Level 1: Easy to Moderate (30 Questions)


Source: FP1, FP2, FP3, FP4, FP5, FP6

FP1 (Questions 1-4):


1. Nilam purchased a gold chain and a silver chain at a total cost of ₹80000. If
she sold the gold chain at 24% profit and the silver chain at a loss of 9% and
in the whole transaction, she still earned 14.1% profit, then what is the ratio
of the selling price of the gold chain to the silver chain?
(A) 124:39 (B) 65:39 (C) 93:26 (D) 111:88

2. A shopkeeper bought two articles, A and B, for a total cost of ₹640 and sold
article B at a loss of ₹108 and article A at a profit of 12.5%. The marked price
of article A is ₹84 less than the marked price of article B. 50% discount is
given on the marked price of article B, and article A is marked at 50% above
its cost price. What is the discount given on article A?
(A) 200 (B) 150 (C) 120 (D) 105

3. There is a ‘Buy 3 Get 1’ scheme in a shop in which if anyone buys three items
at the marked price, then he will get an item free, of up to the minimum
marked price amongst the three items bought and if the scheme is not
availed then a discount of 10% is applied on the purchase of the three items.
A person buys a shirt whose marked price is ₹1620, a pair of jeans of
marked price ₹2640 and a t-shirt of marked price ₹1080 and then chooses a
free item of marked price ₹900. The shopkeeper marks each item at 20%
more than their respective cost price. What is the difference between the
profit of the shopkeeper with the scheme and without the scheme?
(A) ₹256 (B) ₹180 (C) ₹120 (D) ₹216

4. Reynolds experimented with a new ink quality. They make 15000 pens of
that ink for ₹90000. They give away 5000 pens to students as free samples.
The remaining pens were then sold. If the printed price, which is ₹20, is
raised to ₹24 per pen when the free samples to students were not given,
find the ratio of profit when the free samples were sold to the profit when
free samples were not sold. In both cases the pens were sold at a discount
of 25% on the printed price.
(A) 1:3 (B) 3:1 (C) 4:3 (D) 7:3

5. A shopkeeper has 500 kg of wheat. He sold the whole wheat in two parts,
one part at 8% profit and the rest at 18% profit. He gains 14% on the whole
deal. The greater part is greater than the smaller part by what percentage?
(A) 25% (B) 50% (C) 33.33% (D) 66.66%

6. A shopkeeper sells a book at a profit of 20%. Had he bought it at “” less and


sold at “” more, he would have gained 30%. The cost price of the book is
€125. Choose the correct option for the blanks.
a) 5, 6
b) 7, 5.76
c) 3, 8.6
(d) Only a
(E) Only c
(F) Both a and b
(D) Both a and c

7. S, T, and V invest capital in the ratio of 3:5:4 to start a company. S who is the
CEO and CFO gets 20% of the profit for running the business. The remaining
part of the profit is then shared by the three in the ratio of the capital
invested. At the end of the year, g gets Rs 4.5 lakh less than what the other
two together get. What is V’s share?
(A) Rs 6 lakh (B) Rs 4.2 lakh (C) Rs 7.5 lakh (D) Rs 8 lakh

8. A shopkeeper marks his books at 25% above the cost price. Due to a slump
in the market, his cost reduces by 5%, and then to boost his sale, he offered
a discount of 8% due to which sales go up by 25%. Compute the percentage
change in the shopkeeper’s profit.
(A) 5% (B) 7% (C) No change (D) 10%

9. A shopkeeper selling toys offered a discount of 10% on his marked price.


Further, owing to persistent bargaining by a customer, he offered x toys free
for every 20 toys purchased by the customer and still made an overall profit
of 8% on the transaction. Find the value of x, if the toys were marked at 50%
more than the cost price.
(A) 5 (B) 8 (C) 6 (D) None of these
10.Out of the given options, which is the best deal for a customer?
I. Two successive discounts of 40% and 25%
II. Three successive discounts of 20% each
III. A single discount of 55%
IV. Two successive discounts of 30% each

FP3 (Questions 11-16):


11.A bookseller marks his books at an advance of 69% on the actual cost of
production. He allows a discount of 15% and also gives a copy free for every
dozen sold at a time. What percent profit does the bookseller make if the
books are sold in lots of 12?
[A] 24.9 [B] 32.6 [C] 37.6 [D] 47.5

12.If I sell a horse for Rs. 3100 and a cow for Rs. 1300, there is a profit of 10%.
But if I sell the horse for Rs. 3150 and the cow at cost price, I suffer a loss of
10%. Find the difference between the cost price of the horse and the cow.
[A] 2950 [B] 3200 [C] 3150 [D] 3100

13.A shopkeeper sells two washing machines whose cost price are in the ratio
7:8 at different selling prices. He earns 20% and 25% profit respectively by
selling them. The difference between the selling prices of the two washing
machines is £12000. Find the total profit (in %) for the whole remanection.
[A] 25,500 [B] 24,000 [C] 21,200 [D] 26,000

14.A merchant has 100 items which he sells at the marked price. 25% of the
items are marked at 150% of the cost price, and 25% are marked at 120% of
the cost price. The marked price of the remaining items should be what
percentage of their CP such that he has no gain, no loss?
[A] 35% [B] 30% [C] 70% [D] 65%

15.A Fruit seller bought 18 apples for Rs. 49 and 20 oranges for Rs. 30. He sold
it as a combo offering 3 apples and 2 oranges at Rs. 15. Find the profit of the
Fruit seller.
[A] 15.38% [B] 16.25% [C] 15.42% [D] 13.34%

16.A trader put a mark price of a good 60% greater than its cost price. 10% of
the consignment of goods was lost at first on his premises, 25% was soiled
and had to be sold at half the cost price. If the remainder was sold at the
marked price, what % profit or loss did the dealer make on that
consignment?
[A] 15.5% loss [B] 15% profit [C] 16.5% loss [D] 16.5% profit

Level 1: Easy to Moderate (Continued)


Source: FP4, FP5, FP6

FP4 (Questions 17-21):


17.A textile vendor marked his shirts at ₹1000 per shirt. However, he was
forced to give two successive discounts of 20% and 15%, respectively. He
charges sales tax on the net sales price from the customer at 10%. The
customer further sells the shirt to his friend at a profit of 25%. What
percentage loss did the friend incur by not buying the shirt directly from the
vendor if the vendor gave only a single discount of 15% to the friend and
charged a sales tax of 10%?
(A) 5% (B) 10% (C) 15% (D) None of these

18.Amru bought two types of apples in equal quantities, one at the rate of 4 for
Rs 40 and the other at the rate of 6 for Rs 48. If she sold all the apples at the
rate of 12 for Rs 135. What is her profit/loss percentage?
(A) 20% (B) 25% (C) 40% (D) 27%

19.Chahat marked a dress a% above its cost price. Thereafter, she offered a
2
discount of % on the marked price. After the discount, Chahat earned a
3
profit of 20%. Find 'a'. (a < 100)
(A) 100 (B) 80 (C) 60 (D) None of these

20.Utkarsh sold 4 books on OLX. The first and the third book were sold at a loss
of 15% and 12%, respectively, whereas the second and the fourth book were
sold at a profit of 21% and 14%, respectively. The combined cost price for
the second and the third book was approximately what percentage of the
combined cost price of the first and the fourth book if the selling price of
each book is ₹1000?
(A) 95.57% (B) 86.88% (C) 90.25% (D) 89.11%

21.A shopkeeper buys 12 shirts for ₹650 each and 18 jackets for ₹1200 each
and marks up their prices by 70% and 60%, respectively. If he offers the
same discount percentage on both the shirts and the jackets and earns a
total profit of ₹8856, calculate the discount percentage.
(A) 32% (B) 28% (C) 20% (D) 18%
FP5 (Questions 22-27):
22.A wholesaler buys a certain number of apples for Rs.60. He found that 40%
of the apples were rotten. At what percentage of the original CP/apple
should he sell each remaining apple to earn an overall profit of 40%?
(A) 200% (B) 250% (C) 233.33% (D) 333.33%

23.If the discount percentage on an article is three times its profit percentage
and the marked price is 50% higher than the cost price, what is the
approximate profit percentage?
(A) 9 (B) 14 (C) 10 (D) 11

24.A fruit vendor buys 24 crates of apples with each crate containing 16 apples
at 136 per dozen. Till the end of the first day, he finds out that 1 apple has
rotten, till the end of the second day, he finds that overall, 2 apples have
rotten, till the end of the third day 4 apples, till the end of the fourth day 8
apples, and so on. If the vendor sells all the apples at the beginning of the
8th day at 160 per dozen, then find out his profit/loss percentage.
(A) 18.22% (B) 25.56% (C) 38.89% (D) 27.27%

25.A cloth seller sells his clothes at cost price but cheats his supplier and
customer both by 25% i.e., he takes 25% more clothes while purchasing but
sells 25% less while selling. What is his profit percentage?
(A) 80.79% (B) 70.51% (C) 91.33% (D) 66.67%

26.A dishonest cloth supplier sells his cloth at cost price but he uses a false
measuring scale and thus gains 20%. What is the actual measure that he
uses for 1 meter?
(A) 950.08 cm (B) 900.09 cm (C) 940.08 cm (D) 833.33 cm

27.Raman, a dishonest kerosene distributor, purchased kerosene at Rs.30 per


litre and mixed x L of water in it. By selling the mixture at the rate of Rs.25
per litre, he earns a profit of 25%. Find the quantity of water is what percent
the quantity of the mixture that he had.
(A) 50% (B) 25% (C) 33.33% (D) 18.75%

FP6 (Questions 28-30):


28.A dishonest seller professes to sell almonds and cashew nuts at cost price
but uses a false weight of 750 grams for selling almonds and 850 grams for
selling cashew nuts. If the cost price of 1 kg almonds and 1 kg cashew nuts
is the same, then how much profit percentage did he earn on selling 1 kg
almonds and 1 kg cashew nuts (not actual 1 kg) together?
(A) 33.33% (B) 37.5% (C) 20% (D) 25%

29.A shopkeeper marked coffee at 60% above its cost price and then allowed a
discount of 25% on its marked price. Also, he uses a false weight of 800
grams instead of 1 kg. Calculate his total gain percent.
(A) 50% (B) 52% (C) 51.25% (D) 48%

30.Fresh dates contain 80% water by weight, whereas dry dates contain 10%
water by weight. A trader purchases fresh dates at the rate of Rs. 100 per kg
and makes a profit of 10% by selling them once they are dried. Find the
selling price per kg (in Rs.) at which the trader sells the dry dates.
(A) 200 (B) 90 (C) 450 (D) 495

Level 2: Moderate to Difficult (20 Questions)


1. A shopkeeper promises to give a discount of 20% on the cost price while
5
selling rice to a customer. He still earns a profit of 14 % using a faulty
3
weight; then how much less rice he gave to the customer if the customer
wants to purchase 4.5 kg of rice?
(A) 1.2 kg (B) 1.5 kg (C) 1 kg (D) 1.35 kg

2. Amit cheats while buying as well as while selling. While buying, he takes 25%
more than the indicated weight, and while selling, he uses a faulty balance
that shows 1 kg for every 800 grams. If he sells at 20% below cost price (of
the indicated weight), find his profit or loss.
(A) 25% profit (B) 25% profit (C) 25% loss (D) None of the above

3. The marked price and the cost price of a watch are in the ratio 4:3. The
discount percentage offered before it was sold and the profit/loss
percentage made on it are in the ratio 3:4. Find the profit/loss percentage.

4. Article 'A' is marked ¥250 above its cost price and then sold after giving two
successive discounts of x% and (x – 5)%, respectively. The discount
equivalent to these two successive discounts is 95%. If the article had been
sold at an x% discount, then there would have been a loss of ¥1950. Find the
ratio of the cost price and marked price of the article.
(A) 5:6 (B) 2:5 (C) 1:3 (D) 5:9
5. Ved, Saurabh, and Hemant visited a shop to buy a certain article, and each
one of them bought at least one unit of the article. The shopkeeper gave a
discount of 20% to Ved, two successive discounts of 20% and 25% to
Saurabh, and two successive discounts of 40% to Hemant. After selling x
units of the article, he calculated that he had given an overall discount of
50%. If 8 ≤ x ≤ 20, then how many values of x are possible?
(A) 5 (B) 7 (C) 0 (D) None of these

6. By selling an article at a discount of 25%, a shopkeeper gets Rs. 16 less as


profit than by selling it at 16% discount. If the cost price of 12 articles is
equal to the marked price of 8 articles, then find the cost price (in rupees) of
each article.
(A) 144 (B) 132 (C) 156 (D) 128

7. The profit on selling 10 candles is equal to the selling price of 3 pens while
the loss on selling 10 pens is equal to the selling price of 4 candles. What is
the ratio of the selling price of a candle to the selling price of a pen if the
cost of a candle is half the cost of a pen?
(A) 1:1 (B) 2:1 (C) 1:2 (D) 4:5

8. An article is marked at 40% above the cost price. What is the maximum
number of successive discounts of 10% each, which can be offered, before
selling the article such that a loss is not incurred?
(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) Cannot be determined

9. A milkman buys 12 litres of water at Rs. 20/litre and 8 litres of milk at Rs.
50/litre. Then he mixes milk and water in that process he spills out 5 litres of
that mixture and sells the remaining mixture at a selling price of Rs. 7 per
litre which is 25% more than the cost price of the mixture. What is the
profit/loss percentage?
(A) 6.25% loss (B) 6.25% profit (C) 12.5% loss (D) 12.5% profit

10.A shopkeeper sells 3 calculators: Casio, Orpat, and Citizen. Casio, Orpat, and
Citizen calculators are marked up by 20%, 40%, and 50% more than their
cost price and their cost price is in the ratio of 3:4:5, while the discount
offered on each is 15%, 20%, and 30%, respectively. The shopkeeper has to
sell overall 100 calculators of all 3 brands combined, of which 25% are Casio.
If 12.5% of Orpat calculators to be sold were faulty (so not sold), and the
ratio of calculators actually sold of Orpat and Citizen is 1:1, then the selling
price of all intended to be sold Orpat calculators is what percent more/less
than the cost price of all Citizen calculators sold?
(A) 4% (B) 2.4% (C) 1.5% (D) 5.2%

11.There are two articles, A and B, and their sum of the cost prices is ₹3136.
Article A is sold at 20% profit, and article B is sold at 25% profit. The ratio of
the marked price of article A to article B is 4:5. The discount given on article
A and article B is 0% and (d + 16)%, respectively, and the selling prices of
both articles A and B are the same. Which of the following can be
determined by using the above-given data?
(i) Discount percentage given on article B.
(ii) Total profit earned on articles A and B together.
(iii) Marked price of article A is ______% more than the cost price of article A.
(iv) Difference between the cost prices of articles A and B.
(A) Only (i), (iii) and (iv) (B) Only (i) and (ii) (C) Only (i) (D) All (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

12.The CP of an article is directly proportional to the time in which it is


produced. The profit made on the article produced in 7 hours is Rs. 85
whereas the profit made on an article produced in 4 hours is 160%. The
selling price of both the articles are the same. What is the CP of the article
produced in 10 hours?
(A) Rs. 250 (B) Rs. 300 (C) Rs. 275 (D) Rs. 325

13.After receiving a 40% discount on a product, Karan needs to pay 15% GST on
the discounted price. If Karan would have got only a 30% discount and paid
the same GST percentage on the discounted price, he would need to pay
₹276 extra. Find the selling price of the product to earn a profit of 25% if the
marked price is equal to the cost price of the product.
(A) ₹1200 (B) ₹1800 (C) ₹2400 (D) ₹3000

14.A shopkeeper marked an article 80% above the cost price and sold it after
two successive discounts of ₹600 and 16%, respectively. Had he bought the
article for ₹500 less and sold it for ₹___ more, then he would have a profit of
___%. If the same article is sold for ₹1800, then the shopkeeper will have a
certain profit. The values given in which of the following options will fill the
blanks in the same order in which it is given to make the statement true:
I. 180, 80%
II. 136, 90%
III. 57.4, 75%
(A) Only I (B) Only II (C) Only I and III (D) All I, II and III
15.A dishonest supplier sells his goods at 5% discount on the market price. If
the market price is 10% above the cost price and the supplier uses 80 gm
weight instead of 100 gm, then find the percentage of profit made by the
supplier?
(A) 30.625% (B) 40.25% (C) 35.75% (D) 25.75%

16.A shopkeeper uses a faulty weight while selling items to his customers. He
sold ‘x’ grams to customer A instead of ‘x + 120’ grams and ‘2x - 1000’ grams
to customer B instead of ‘x + 340’ grams. Then what is the profit percent
earned by the shopkeeper?
(A) 15% (B) 5% (C) 10% (D) 20%

17.A man, a dishonest merchant, uses the same faulty weighing machine while
purchasing and selling his commodities. The machine weighs 800 gm as a
kilogram. Unfortunately, owing to a fire incident in... (Question incomplete in
image)

18.A cunning milkman uses defective canisters to sell milk such that a canister
labelled as 1 litre actually contains 800 ml milk. In two such canisters, he
replaces 200 ml milk with water and sells one off at the cost price of 1 litre
milk. He further replaces 160 ml from the watered-down solution in the
second canister and sells it again at the cost price of 1 litre milk. The profit
percentage on the first canister is A% and the profit percentage on the
second canister is B%. Which of the following options is closest to B% - A%?
(A) 42% (B) 38% (C) 48% (D) 36%

19.Find the selling price (original) of article ‘B’.


(A) ₹1330 (B) ₹1900 (C) ₹1750 (D) ₹1836

20.If the cost price of article ‘D’ is 60% less than the sum of cost prices of article
‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ together, then find the marked price of article ‘D’ if Anirudh
wants to earn a profit of 75% by giving a discount of 220/9%.
(A) ₹1360 (B) ₹3060 (C) ₹2380 (D) ₹3260

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