ANSI/ASSE Z9.

14 – 2014

AMERICAN N ATIONAL S TANDARD

ANSI/ASSE Z9. 14 – 2014
Testing and Performance-Veri fcation
Methodologies for Ventilation Systems for
Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) and Animal
Biosafety Level 3 (ABSL-3) Facilities
ANSI/ASSE Z9.14 – 2014

AMERICAN S OCIETY OF
S AFETY E NGINEERS
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The information and materials contained in this publication have been developed from sources believed
to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretariat of the ANSI
accredited Z9 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal responsibility for the
correctness or completeness of this material or its application to specific factual situations. By publication
of this standard, ASSE or the Z9 Committee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations
will protect the safety or health of any persons, or preserve property.
 ANSI®
ANSI/ASSE Z9.1 4 – 201 4

American National Standard

Testing and Performance-Verification Methodologies

for Ventilation Systems for Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3)
and Animal Biosafety Level 3 (ABSL-3) Facilities

Secretariat

American Society of Safety Engineers

1 800 East Oakton Street
Des Plaines, Illinois 6001 8-21 87

Approved January 24, 201 4

American National Standards Institute, Inc.

American Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the
requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have
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Published February 201 4 by

American Society of Safety Engineers
1 800 East Oakton Street
Des Plaines, Illinois 6001 8-21 87
(847) 699-2929 • www.asse.org
Copyright ©201 4 by American Society of Safety Engineers
All Rights Reserved.
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FOREWORD ( Th i s Fore wo rd i s n ot p a rt of th e Am e ri ca n N a ti on a l Sta n d a rd AN SI /ASSE Z9 . 1 4–

2 01 4. )

Th e Z9 . 1 4 Su b com m i tte e wa s ch a rtere d to d e ve l op th e Am e ri ca n N a ti on a l Sta n d a rd , Te sti n g

a n d P e rform a n ce -Veri fi ca ti on M eth od ol ogi e s for Ve n ti l a ti on Syste m s for Bi o sa fety Le ve l 3 ( BSL-

3 ) a n d An i m a l Bi osa fe ty Le ve l 3 ( ABSL-3 ) Fa ci l i ti e s.

Ove r 1 , 000 BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b o ra tori e s a n d a n i m a l fa ci l i ti e s h a ve b e en con stru cted i n th e U n i ted

Sta te s. Th e d e si gn for th e i r ve n ti l a ti on syste m s h a s b e en l a rge l y gu i d e d by th e cri te ri a d e fi n e d

i n su cce ssi ve ve rsi o n s of Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories ( BMBL ) from
th e D ep a rtm e n t of H e a l th a n d H u m a n Se rvi ce s ( DH H S) , th e Cen te rs for D i se a se Con trol a n d

Pre ve n ti on ( CD C) , a n d th e N a ti on a l I n sti tu te s of H e a l th ( N I H ) ( Bi osa fe ty i n M i cro b i ol ogi ca l a n d

1
Bi om e d i ca l La b ora tori e s ( BM BL) n . d . ) ; th e Am e ri ca n So ci e ty of H e a ti n g, Re fri ge ra ti n g a n d Ai r

U. S. Department of Agriculture Animal Research

Con d i ti on i n g En gi n ee rs ( ASH RAE ) sta n d a rd s ;
2

Service (USDA ARS) 242.1 Manual ; World Health Organization (WHO) Biosafety Guidelines :
3

Biosafety Manual ; a n d th e National Institutes of Health Design Requirements Manual ( DRM ) .

4 5

M a n y of th e se gu i d e l i n e s o ffe r d e si gn req u i rem e n ts, bu t l a ck th e te sti n g a n d pe rform a n ce-

ve ri fi ca ti on m e th od ol ogy to e n su re th e sa fe op e ra ti on of th e ven ti l a ti on syste m for th e se

l a b ora tori e s.

U si n g a ri sk a sse ssm en t a n d p e rfo rm a n ce -b a se d a p p roa ch , th i s sta n d a rd p ro vi d e s th e te ch n i ca l

sp e ci fi ca ti on s a n d b a ckgrou n d i n form a ti on n e ed ed to a d d re ss th e te ch n i ca l , e n gi n e e ri n g, a n d

a ssoci a te d syste m s fo r ve n ti l a ti on wi th i n a BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tory. As su ch , i t i s fu l l y

co m p a ti b l e wi th b i ori sk-m a n a ge m en t syste m s a n d n a ti on a l a n d i n te rn a ti on a l h e a l th a n d sa fety

m a n a ge m en t syste m s wi th ou t d u p l i ca ti n g or con tra d i cti n g th e i r re q u i re m en ts.

Th e p u rp o se of th e ven ti l a ti o n syste m i s to provi d e th e n e ce ssa ry en vi ron m e n t for

b i ocon ta i n m e n t, occu p a ti on a l h e a l th , a n d a n i m a l h e a l th i n a ccord a n ce wi th sta n d a rd s a n d

co n ta i n m e n t gu i d e l i n e s. I t sp e ci fi ca l l y i s d e si gn ed to p re ven t u n i n te n d e d re l e a se of a e rosol i ze d

i n fe cti ou s b i ol ogi ca l a gen ts.

Th e AN SI Z9 . 1 4 sta n d a rd p rovi d e s th e com b i n e d kn o wl e d ge a cq u i re d ove r th e ye a rs b y

b i osa fety p rofe ssi on a l s, d e si gn p rofe ssi on a l s, a n d own e rs/o pe ra tors of BSL-3 /ABSL-3

l a b ora tori e s, wh i ch e sta b l i sh e s th e req u i re m en ts a n d m eth od ol o gi e s for th e te sti n g a n d

p e rform a n ce ve ri fi ca ti on of th e ven ti l a ti on system .

Th e AN SI Z9 . 1 4 sta n d a rd focu se s sp e ci fi ca l l y on th e ve n ti l a ti on syste m fe a tu re s of BSL-3 /

ABSL-3 fa ci l i ti e s. Be ca u se th e ven ti l a ti on syste m i s a ffe cted b y a n d h a s a n effe ct on oth er

syste m s a n d eq u i p m en t i n a l a b ora tory, th ose syste m s a n d e q u i p m e n t m a y b e i n cl u d e d i n th e

sta n d a rd , to so m e e xten t, a s a n a ssoci a te d system .

AN SI Z9 . 14 p rovi d e s te sti n g sta n d a rd i za ti on , u n i form i ty, a n d con si sten cy th rou gh th e u se of

m i n i m a l p e rform a n ce -ba se d te sti n g a n d veri fi ca ti on m eth od ol ogi e s for BSL-3 /ABSL-3

ve n ti l a ti o n syste m s i n fa ci l i ti e s.
How to Read This Standard
AN SI Z9 . 14 i s p re sen te d i n a two-co l u m n form a t. Be gi n n i n g wi th se cti on 5 . 0, App l i ca b i l i ty a n d

Con form a n ce , th e l eft col u m n p re sen ts th e re q u i re m e n ts of th e sta n d a rd ; th e ri gh t col u m n

p rovi d e s cl a ri fi ca ti on a n d e xp l a n a ti on of th e re q u i re m en ts a n d i n fo rm a ti on on “h ow to co m p l y”

to th e sta n d a rd . Th e sta n d a rd con ta i n s a p pe n d i ces th a t a re i n form a ti ve a n d a re n ot con si d ere d

a m a n d a tory p a rt of th e sta n d a rd . Th e sta n d a rd i s n ot m e a n t to be a l l -e n co m p a ssi n g. Ra th e r, i t

e sta b l i sh e s m i n i m u m a cce p ta b l e cri te ri a for com pl e ti n g th e ve ri fi ca ti o n p ro ce ss a n d

d ocu m en ti n g th e n e ce ssa ry i n form a ti on for re gu l a tory a n d h i sto ri ca l p u rpose s. I t i s som e wh a t

ge n e ra l i n n a tu re so th a t i t ca n be a p p l i ed to a n y BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tory. We h op e, h owe ve r,

th a t fu tu re ve rsi on s wi l l con ti n u e to e xp a n d a n d a m p l i fy th e se con ce p ts a s a d d i ti on a l

e xp e ri en ce i s ga i n e d . Su gge sti on s for i m prove m en t of th i s sta n d a rd a re we l com e . Th e y sh ou l d

b e sen t to: Am eri ca n Soci e ty of Sa fe ty E n gi n e e rs, 1 800 E a st Oa kton Stre e t, D e s P l a i n e s, I L

60018-2 1 87 .

Th i s sta n d a rd wa s p roce sse d a n d a p prove d for su b m i tta l to AN SI b y th e Am e ri ca n N a ti on a l

Sta n d a rd s Com m i tte e on Ve n ti l a ti on Syste m s. App rova l of th e sta n d a rd d oe s n ot n e ce ssa ri l y

i m p l y ( n o r i s i t req u i re d ) th a t a l l Com m i tte e m e m b e rs vote d for i ts a pp rova l . At th e ti m e AN SI

a p p roved th i s sta n d a rd , th e Z9 Co m m i ttee h a d th e fo l l owi n g m em b e rs:

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Th e od ore Kn u tson , M S, P. E . , Ch a i r

G e offre y Ra i fsn i d e r, P . E . , Vi ce Ch a i r

Ti m oth y R. Fi sh e r, CSP, CH M M , ARM , CP E A, Se creta ry

J e n n i e Da l e sa n d ro, Ad m i n i stra ti ve Te ch n i ca l Su p port

Organization Represented Name of Representative

Am e ri ca n Fou n d ry Soci e ty Rob e rt Sch ol z

Am e ri ca n I n d u stri a l H ygi e n e Associ a ti on Lou D e Be ra rd i n i s, CI H , CSP , M I T

Am e ri ca n Soci e ty of H e a ti n g, Refri ge ra ti n g & A/C Th om a s C. Sm i th

( ASH RAE )

Am e ri ca n Soci e ty of Sa fety E n gi n e e rs ( ASSE ) P a u l Osl e y, P. E . , CSP , CI H , CH M M

J e ffre y N e sb i tt, CSP, CI H

Bu rton , D . J e ff D . J e ff Bu rton , M S, P . E .

Crooks, Ste ven Ste ve n Croo ks, CI H , CSP

Fi gu re roa , Cre sce n te Cre sce n te Fi gu e ro a , Ph . D. , CI H

G l ob a l Fi n i sh i n g Sol u ti o n s G e offre y Ra i fsn i d e r, P . E .

Bri a n Sch a d ri e , P . E .

G u n se l , Ste ven Ste ve n G u n se l , P . E .

Kn u tson Ve n ti l a ti on I n c. Th e od ore Kn u tson , M S, P . E .

G e rh a rd Kn u tson , P h . D . , CI H
M cM a n u s, N e i l N e i l M cM a n u s, CI H , ROH

N a ti on a l Associ a ti on of M e ta l Fi n i sh e rs Kyl e H a n ki n so n

Ke n n eth H a n ki n son

N a ti on a l I n sti tu te s of H ea l th ( N I H ) Fa rh a d M em a rza d eh , Ph . D . , P . E .

N a ti on a l I n sti tu te for Occu p a ti on a l Sa fety & M i ch a e l E l l i ott

H e a l th (N I O SH )

O’ Bri e n , D en n i s D e n n i s O’ Bri e n , P h . D. , P. E . , CI H

Pa u l son , Ka th l ee n Ka th l ee n Pa u l son , P . E .

Po m e r, E l l e n E l l e n P om e r

Pri ce , J oh n J oh n P ri ce , CI H , CSP

Rob son Foren si c, I n c. Ron a l d D . Sch a i b l e , CSP, CI H

Rol l i n s, M a rk M a rk Ro l l i n s, CI H , CSP

Sh e e h y, J oh n J oh n Sh ee h y, P h . D . , CI H

N on -Voti n g M e m b e rs:

Li n d sa y Cook, CI H , CSP

Le e H a th on

J oh n H . Ll i b re

Don R. Sca rb rou gh

The Z9.14 Subcommittee

Th e Z9 . 1 4 Su b com m i tte e on Te sti n g a n d P e rform a n ce -Veri fi ca ti on M eth od ol ogi e s for

Ve n ti l a ti on Syste m s for Bi osa fety Le ve l 3 ( BSL-3 ) a n d An i m a l Bi osa fety Le vel 3 ( ABSL-3 ) Fa ci l i ti e s

th a t d e ve l ope d th i s sta n d a rd wa s com p ri sed of th e fol l owi n g m e m be rs:

Fa rh a d M em a rza d eh , Ph . D . , P . E . , Ch a i r, N a ti on a l I n sti tu te s of H e a l th (N I H )

Di re ctor, D i vi si o n of Te ch n i ca l Re sou rce s

Lo u i s Di Be ra rd i n i s, CI H , CSP , M I T, Vi ce Ch a i r, M a ssa ch u se tts I n sti tu te of Tech n o l ogy ( M I T)

Di re ctor, En vi ro n m e n t, H e a l th a n d Sa fety Offi ce

Organization Represented Name of Representative

Affi l i a ted En gi n e ers M e tro D C, I n c. Kri sh n a n Ra m e sh

Am e ri ca n Bi ol ogi ca l Sa fety Associ a ti on ( ABSA) P a u l J e n n e tte

Am e ri ca n Soci e ty for M i crob i ol ogy ( ASM ) Cl a u d i a M i cke l son

Associ a ti on for Asse ssm en t a n d Accre d i ta ti on of Bra d ford S. G ood wi n

La b ora tory An i m a l Ca re I n te rn a ti o n a l ( AAALAC)

Associ a ti on o f Pu b l i c H e a l th La b o ra tori e s ( AP H L) M i ch a e l Pen te l l a

Ba rb N e l l i s Con su l ti n g Ba rb a ra Fox N e l l i s
Ba sl e r a n d H ofm a n n Si n ga p ore P te . Ltd Fe l i x G m u en d e r

Bi o sa fe ty Bi o se cu ri ty I n te rn a ti o n a l Ba rb a ra J oh n son

Ca rl e ton U n i ve rsi ty N a n cy De l ce l l i e r

Con trol l e d E n vi ron m en t Te sti n g Associ a ti on M a rc Du Boi s

( CE TA) Ke n n eth M a n gi s

Cou n ci l Rock Con su l ti n g, I n c. /Worl d Bi oH a zTe c Te d Tra u m

Corp .

De t N orske Ve ri ta s ( DN V) Ste ph e n M cAd a m

E N V Se rvi ce s, I n c. Ca ry R. Bi n d e r

Fa ci l i ti e s Dyn a m i cs En gi n e e ri n g Lon Bri gh tb i l l

Fa ci l i ty Syste m s Con su l ta n ts J a so n Coh e n

J a co b s Con su l ta n cy J e ffre y L. Sch a n tz

J on a th a n Ri ch m on d a n d Assoc. I n c. J o n a th a n Ri ch m on d

Li e b e r I n sti tu te for Bra i n D e ve l op m e n t D e b ora h M . Ba rn e s

M a ssa ch u setts I n sti tu te of Te ch n o l ogy ( M I T) M i ch a e l La b osky

M e rri ck a n d Com p a n y Pa u l La n ge vi n

N a ti on a l E n e rgy M a n a gem e n t I n sti tu te ( N E M I ) D a vor N ovose l

N a ti on a l I n sti tu te s of H ea l th , Di vi si on of D e b ora h Wi l so n

Occu p a ti on a l H e a l th a n d Sa fety

N a ti on a l I n sti tu te s of H ea l th , N a ti on a l Ca n ce r J e a n Kh osh b i n

I n sti tu te

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N a ti on a l I n sti tu te s of H ea l th , Offi ce of E sm a i land ourshchats
Torka va n

I n fra stru ctu re P rogra m s

Sa n ofi -Ave n ti s D a l e M a rti n

SCB Com p o se Sh e ri Be rn ste i n

Te xa s A & M U n i ve rsi ty Syste m Bru ce Wh i tn e y

U . S. Ce n te rs for Di se a se Con trol a n d Pre ve n ti on Wi l l i a m H o wa rd

( CD C) Ri ch a rd H e n ke l

U . S. De p a rtm e n t of Agri cu l tu re /Agri cu l tu ra l J o se p h Kozl o va c

Re se a rch Se rvi ce s ( U SDA / ( ARS)

U . S. D e p a rtm e n t o f H e a l th a n d H u m a n Se rvi ce s Th e re sa La wre n ce

( D H H S)

U . S. De p a rtm e n t of H o m e l a n d Se cu ri ty ( D H S) Ke vi n An d e rson

U n i ve rsi ty of Ca l i forn i a , I rvi n e G a ry La n d u cci

U n i ve rsi ty of Lou i svi l l e Col l e e n J o n sson

U n i ve rsi ty of P i ttsb u rgh D a n i e l Fi sh er

U n i ve rsi ty of Te xa s H e a l th Sci e n ce Ce n te r a t Bra d ford S. G ood wi n J r.

H o u ston

U n i ve rsi ty of Te xa s M e d i ca l Bra n ch ( U TM B) M i gu e l A. G ri m a l d o
Contents SECTION ........................................... ................................................... PAGE

1 . Executive Summary ................................................... ........................... 1

2. Purpose ........................................... ................................................... ... 2
3. Scope ............................................. ................................................... .... 2
4. Definitions ................................................... .......................................... 3
5. Applicability and Conformance ................................................... ......... 1 1
5.1 Applicability ................................................... ............................. 1 1
5.2 Conformance ....................................... ....................................... 1 2
5.3 Verification of Conformance to Regulations ................................ 1 3
6. Overview .......................................... ................................................... 1 3
6.1 Ventilation-Testing Performance Categories ............................... 1 3
6.2 Generic Typical Sequence of Testing and Performance
Verification ...................................... ............................................ 1 4
6.3 Roles, Responsibilities, and Qualifications .................................. 1 7
6.3.1 Role/Responsibility as It Relates to a BSL-3/
ABSL-3 Facility ................................................... .............. 1 9
7. Risk Assessment ........................................ ......................................... 21
7.1 Risk Assessment Overview for Work with Hazardous
Agents/Materials .................................. ....................................... 21
8. Guidelines for Implementing Testing and Performance Verification ..... 22
8.1 Verification ...................................... ............................................ 22
8.2 Documentation ................................................... ........................ 23
8.2.1 Required and Recommended Documentation .................. 23
8.2.2 Evidence of Documentation .............................................. 24
8.2.3 Ventilation-Testing Documentation Verification ................. 27
8.3 Visual Inspection of Ventilation and Related Systems ................. 29
8.3.1 Visual Inspection and Evaluation of Engineering
Controls ................................................... ......................... 30
8.3.2 Visual Inspection and Evaluation of Architectural
Features ................................................... ........................ 32
8.3.3 Visual Inspection of Directional Airflow ............................. 33
8.3.4 Visual Inspection of Exhaust Air System ........................... 35
8.3.5 Visual Inspection of Supply Air System ............................. 40
8.3.6 Visual Inspection of Critical Control System Air
and Power ................................................... .................... 46
8.3.7 Primary Containment Equipment ...................................... 48
8.3.8 Visual Inspection of High-Efficiency Particulate Air
(HEPA) Filters ........................................... ........................ 50
8.3.9 Control Systems/Fail-Safe Operation ................................ 53
8.3.1 0 Visual Inspection: Special Considerations for
ABSL-3 Facilities ................................................... ......... 53
 8.4 Testing Ventilation and Associated Systems General
Requirements ................................................... .......................... 54
8.4.1 Testing for Directional Airflow During Normal Operation ... 56
8.4.2 Testing for Directional Airflow During System Failures ...... 60
8.4.3 Testing for Anterooms ......................................... .............. 67
8.4.4 Testing of Primary Containment Equipment ...................... 69
8.4.5 Testing of Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning
(HVAC) System and Controls .......................................... 74
8.4.6 Testing of Electrical Systems Related to Heating,
Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) .......................... 92
8.4.7 Testing of High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters ... 97
8.4.8 Testing of Ductwork and Room-Air Leakage ................... 1 03
8.4.9 Testing of Specialized Heating, Ventilating, and Air-
Conditioning (HVAC) Components of ABSL-3 Facilities .. 1 07
8.4.1 0 Testing of Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning
HVAC Systems of Containment Support Areas ............. 1 1 1

Appendices ........................................ ................................................... .. 1 1 3

A Corrective Action Plan (CAP) and Template ...................................... 1 1 3
B Factors to Consider in Performing a Risk Assessment ...................... 1 1 5
C Hazard Risk Matrix ............................................ ................................ 1 1 7
D How to Compile a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) .................. 1 20
E Index of Acronyms........................................... .................................. 1 21
F References
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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD AN SI /ASSE Z9 . 1 4-2 01 4

AN SI Z9 . 14 p rovi d e s re com m e n d a ti on s fo r

American National Standard for te sti n g m eth o d ol ogi e s, gu i d a n ce on th e

Testing and Performance- ve n ti l a ti o n syste m com pon e n ts th a t sh ou l d

Verification Methodologies for b e i n sp e cte d vi su a l l y, a n d wh a t i s n e ed e d to

Ventilation Systems for Biosafety ve ri fy th a t th e syste m com p o n e n ts ope ra te

Level 3 (BSL-3) and Animal Biosafety su ch th a t th e ove ra l l syste m ’ s p erform a n ce

Level 3 (ABSL-3) Facilities ( i . e . , d i re cti on a l i n wa rd a i rfl ow, re sp o n se to

fa i l u re s, m i n i m i zi n g l e a ka ge , e tc. ) ca n b e

ve ri fi e d to en su re sa fe op e ra ti on of th e

1 E XECUTIVE S UMMARY fa ci l i ty’ s ven ti l a ti o n system . A ve ri fi ca ti on

p rogra m n e ed s to con si d e r a n d com p a re

Te sti n g a n d ve ri fi ca ti on of th e ve n ti l a ti on fe d era l , sta te , a n d l oca l re gu l a ti on s for

syste m o f l a bora tori es th a t op e ra te a t fu tu re u se , b e st p ra cti ces, a n d

Bi osa fe ty Le ve l 3 ( BSL-3 ) /An i m a l Bi osa fety orga n i za ti on a l re q u i re m e n ts.

Le ve l 3 ( ABSL-3 ) a re n e cessa ry p roce sse s for

e n su ri n g th a t th e p e rform a n ce a n d Th i s sta n d a rd p rovi d e s th e u se r wi th :

o p e ra ti o n of th e system s co n si sten tl y • Te sti n g sta n d a rd i za ti on , u n i form i ty, a n d

m a i n ta i n a sa fe e n vi ron m e n t for h u m a n co n si ste n cy th rou gh th e u se of m i n i m a l

o ccu p a n ts, re sea rch a n i m a l s, a n d th e p e rform a n ce-b a sed te sti n g a n d

i n te rn a l a n d e xtern a l e n vi ron m en t. Be ca u se ve ri fi ca ti on m e th o d o l ogi e s for

e a ch fa ci l i ty i s u n i q u e, testi n g a n d BSL-3 /ABSL-3 ve n ti l a ti on syste m s

ve ri fi ca ti on a cce pta n ce cri te ri a wi l l d i ffe r • Te ch n i ca l b a ckgrou n d a n d i n form a ti on

a m on g fa ci l i ti e s. Th ere fore , a ri sk-b a se d th a t a d d re sse s th e en gi n e e ri n g a n d

a p p roa ch to te sti n g a n d ve ri fi ca ti on o f th e a ssoci a te d syste m s for ve n ti l a ti on

ve n ti l a ti on syste m i s re co m m e n d e d . I t i s wi th i n a BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tory u si n g

h i gh l y en cou ra ge d th a t ea ch fa ci l i ty th e m a n y ten a n ts of a ri sk a sse ssm e n t

d e ve l op s a n d m a i n ta i n s sta n d a rd op era ti n g a n d p e rform a n ce -b a se d a p p roa ch th a t

p roce d u re s ( SOP s) th a t a d d re ss te sti n g a n d i s fu l l y com p a ti b l e wi th bi ori sk-

ve ri fi ca ti on of th e ve n ti l a ti on syste m a n d m a n a ge m en t syste m s a n d n a ti on a l a n d

a ssoci a te d com p on en ts. Ad d i ti on a l l y, th e re i n te rn a ti on a l h ea l th a n d sa fe ty-

sh o u l d be SO Ps fo r p erform i n g a ri sk m a n a ge m en t syste m s wi th ou t

a sse ssm e n t a n d for th e se q u en ce of te sti n g d u p l i ca ti n g or con tra d i cti n g th e i r

a n d p e rform a n ce ve ri fi ca ti on . Ri sk re q u i re m en ts

a sse ssm e n ts sh ou l d b e pe rform e d i n i ti a l l y • Ri sk a sse ssm e n t gu i d a n ce a n d

a n d a t re gu l a r pe ri od s th rou gh ou t th e l i fe m e th od o l o gi e s to i d e n ti fy h a za rd s th a t

cycl e o f th e fa ci l i ty. ca n b e e va l u a ted i n te rm s of th e

l i ke l i h ood th a t a p rob l em m a y occu r a n d

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

th e d a m a ge from su ch a n e ven t th a t 3. Pri m a ry con ta i n m e n t syste m s

m a y occu r 4. Bu i l d i n g ve n ti l a ti on system

• Th e co l l e cti ve kn owl e d ge of b i osa fety 5. H e a ti n g, ven ti l a ti on , a n d a i r-

a n d d e si gn p rofe ssi on a l s a n d con d i ti on i n g ( H VAC) te sti n g

own e rs/op e ra tors wh o re cogn i ze th e 6. Fi l tra ti on

n e e d to e sta b l i sh u n i form i ty i n th e 7. ABSL-3 a n d i n te gra ti on of

re q u i re m en ts a n d m eth od o l ogi e s for i n d i vi d u a l l y ven ti l a ted ca gi n g, sta ti c

th e te sti n g a n d pe rform a n ce ve ri fi ca ti on ca gi n g syste m s, oth e r el e m e n ts;

of th e ve n ti l a ti on syste m of BSL-3 / a n d d own d ra ft ta b l e s

ABSL-3 l a bora tori e s 8. Docu m en t va l i d a ti on

9. Pre ssu re re ve rsa l

Th e cri te ri a con ta i n ed h ere i n sh ou l d b e 1 0. Fa i l u re te sti n g

su p p l e m e n ted , e xp a n d ed , or con sol i d a te d 1 1 . Le a ka ge i ssu e s re l a te d to H VAC

a s re q u i red to a d a pt to th e spe ci fi c te sti n g 1 2 . Qu a l i fi ca ti on s of te ste rs

a n d veri fi ca ti on e ffort, th e o rga n i za ti on ,

AN SI Z9 . 14 focu se s o n p erform a n ce

a n d th e spe ci fi c re gu l a tory a n d p ol i cy
ve ri fi ca ti on of ven ti l a ti on syste m -
re q u i re m en ts th a t m a y a p p l y i n e a ch ca se .
e n gi n ee ri n g co n trol s a n d re l a te d syste m s
Su gge sted a cce pta n ce cri te ri a , wh e re
wi th i n a BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tory.
a va i l a b l e , a re p rovi d e d i n th e sta n d a rd .
Te sti n g a n d ve ri fi ca ti on of ven ti l a ti on
Get more FREE standards from Standard Sharing Group and our chats
E sta b l i sh m e n t of a ccep ta n ce cri teri a i s th e
syste m s i n BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b s i n cl u d e:
re sp o n si b i l i ty of fa ci l i ty m a n a ge m en t.

• Su p p l y

Acce p ta n ce cri te ri a sh ou l d be ba se d o n si te-

• E xh a u st

sp e ci fi c ri sk a sse ssm en t a n d p e rform a n ce

• Di re cti on a l a i rfl o w

ob j e cti ve s. • Bi o sa fe ty ca b i n ets

• Ai r fi l tra ti on

2 P URPOSE • E xh a u st sta cks

• Fa n fa i l u re sce n a ri os

Th e p u rp o se of AN SI Z9 . 1 4 i s to p rovi d e a • Re d u n d a n cy

“o n e -stop ” re sou rce fo r gu i d a n ce to i n sp e ct • Ca n op y h ood s ( a u tocl a ve s)

a n d te st th e p e rform a n ce of a BSL-3 /ABSL-3 • Sp e ci fi c ABSL-3 req u i re m e n ts

l a b ora tory ven ti l a ti on syste m .

Te sti n g a n d ve ri fi ca ti on of re l a ted system s

3 S COPE wi th i n BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b s i n cl u d e :

M e th od ol ogi e s a re p ro vi d e d to p erfo rm
• Op ti m i zi n g m a i n te n a n ce o f

p re ssu re gra d i e n ts a n d m a i n ta i n i n g
vi su a l i n sp e cti on a n d e va l u a ti on of:

te m pe ra tu re a n d h u m i d i ty
1. Di re cti on a l a i rfl ow

2. An te room s
• Ph ysi ca l i n te gri ty

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

• Se a l i n g a n d l e a ka ge fa cto rs con ta i n m e n t corri d or) i n to n on -

• I n te rl o cki n g syste m s con ta i n m e n t sp a ce s.

• Ai rl ocks

• D oo rs/wi n d ows Authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) – An

• E m e rge n cy a n d b a cku p powe r orga n i za ti on , offi ce , o r i n d i vi d u a l

syste m s re sp o n si b l e for e n forci n g th e req u i re m e n ts

• Al a rm s of a cod e o r sta n d a rd , or fo r a pp rovi n g

• O p e ra ti n g seq u en ce s e q u i p m e n t, m a te ri a l s, a n i n sta l l a ti on , o r a
6
p roce d u re .

4 D EFI N I TI ON S
Automatic transfer switch (ATS) – An
Acceptance criteria – Th e i n d i ca tors a n d a u to m a ti c d e vi ce fo r tra n sfe rri n g on e or

a gre e d -u pon re q u i re m en ts e sta b l i sh ed b y m o re l oa d con d u ctor con n e cti on s from on e

p roj e ct sta ke h ol d ers ( sta n d a rd -setti n g p owe r sou rce to a n oth e r.

a u th o ri ti e s, th e i n sti tu ti on , occu pa n ts, etc. )

to d e te rm i n e wh en a sp a ce or com p on e n t Biocontainment – Th e p ra cti ce s,

o f a fa ci l i ty, e . g. , a l a b ora tory ven ti l a ti on te ch n i q u e s, eq u i p m e n t, a n d fa ci l i ti e s

syste m , i s a d eq u a te or m e e ts d e si gn cri te ri a n e e d e d to con ta i n b i oh a za rd ou s m a te ri a l s

a n d i n te n t. su ch a s p a th ogen i c m i croorga n i sm s o r

toxi n s a n d pre ve n ti n g th e i r re l ea se i n to th e

Animal biosafety level 3 (ABSL-3) – A l e ve l e n vi ron m e n t, th u s m i n i m i zi n g wo rke r

o f l a b ora tory con ta i n m en t th a t i s su i ta b l e e xp osu re . Bi o co n ta i n m en t i n cl u d e s th e

for work wi th l a b o ra tory a n i m a l s i n fe cte d p h ysi ca l con ta i n m e n t b a rri e rs i n a fa ci l i ty,

wi th i n d i gen ou s or e xoti c a ge n ts, a ge n ts su ch a s con ta i n ed d re ssi n g a n d sh owe r

th a t pre se n t a p oten ti a l fo r a e roso l ro om s, se a l ed se rvi ce pen e tra ti on s,

tra n sm i ssi on , a n d a ge n ts ca u si n g seri ou s or sp e ci a l i zed d oors, e n try a n d e xi t a ven u e s to

p oten ti a l l y l eth a l d i se a se. ABSL-3 p re ve n t cross-con ta m i n a ti on , sp e ci a l i ze d

con ta i n m e n t bu i l d s on th e sta n d a rd a i r-h a n d l i n g syste m s for con ta m i n a ti on

p ra cti ce s, p roce d u re s, con ta i n m e n t con trol , pe rson a l p ro te cti ve e q u i p m e n t,

e q u i p m e n t, a n d fa ci l i ty re q u i re m e n ts of b i osa fety ca b i n ets a n d oth e r p ri m a ry

1
ABSL-2 . con ta i n m e n t d e vi ce s, etc.

Anteroom – Fo r th e pu rp ose of th i s Biohazard (biological hazard, hazardous

sta n d a rd , “a n te roo m ” refe rs to th e zo n e biological agent) – 1 ) An i n fe cti ou s or

b e twe en th e two se l f-cl osi n g d oors i n a o th erwi se h a rm fu l b i ol ogi ca l a ge n t o r p a rt

fa ci l i ty d e si gn ed to m i n i m i ze a i r e sca p i n g th e re of p re se n ti n g a re a l or p ote n ti a l ri sk to

from th e con ta i n m e n t spa ce ( e . g. , h u m a n s, a n i m a l s, p l a n ts, or th e

l a b ora tory, a n i m a l ro om , or cen tra l

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

7
en vi ron m e n t ; 2 ) A p oten ti a l sou rce of h a rm Biorisk assessment [See also “Risk
ca u se d b y b i ol ogi ca l a gen ts or toxi n s.
8
assessment”] – Th e pro ce ss o f e va l u a ti n g
th e b i ol ogi ca l ri sk( s) a ri si n g from a

Biological safety cabinet (BSC) – An 7

b i oh a za rd ( s) , ta ki n g i n to a ccou n t th e

e n cl ose d ca b i n e t d e si gn ed to serve a s th e a d e q u a cy of a n y e xi sti n g con trol s, a n d

p ri m a ry m ea n s of con ta i n m e n t for wo rki n g d e ci d i n g wh e th e r or n ot th e b i ori sk( s) i s

8
sa fe l y wi th i n fe cti ou s m i croorga n i sm s. A a cce p ta b l e .

b i osa fety ca b i n et provi d e s p e rson n e l ,

e n vi ron m e n ta l , a n d p rod u ct p rote cti on Biorisk-management (biological risk-

wh e n a p p rop ri a te p ra cti ce s a n d p roced u re s management) – Th e syste m a ti c a n a l ysi s of
a re fol l owe d . Th ree ki n d s o f b i ol o gi ca l stra te gi e s a n d m e th o d s th a t i s p erfo rm e d i n

sa fe ty ca b i n ets, d e si gn a te d a s Cl a ss I , I I , a n d ord e r to m i n i m i ze th e l i ke l i h ood of a

I I I , h a ve be e n d e ve l op ed to m e et va ryi n g b i ose cu ri ty o r b i osa fety i n ci d e n t. Th e

re se a rch a n d cl i n i ca l n e ed s. M ost bi o sa fety p roce ss p l a ce s re sp o n si bi l i ty o n th e fa ci l i ty

ca b i n ets u se h i gh -effi ci en cy p a rti cu l a te a i r a n d i ts m a n a ge r to d e m on stra te th a t

( H E P A) fi l ters i n th e e xh a u st a n d su pp l y a p p rop ri a te a n d va l i d b i ori sk re d u cti o n

syste m s. Th e e xce pti o n i s a Cl a ss I b i osa fety p roce d u re s h a ve b e en e sta b l i sh e d a n d

9
ca b i n et, wh i ch d o e s n ot h a ve H EP A-fi l te red i m p l e m en ted .

su p p l y a i r. D i ffe re n t ki n d s o f Cl a ss I I

Biosafety
Get more FREE standards from Standard
b i osa fety ca b i n ets a re u se d for d i ffe ren t Sharing(biological
Group andsafety) – Th e
our chats
co n ta i n m e n t n e ed s. Th ey i n cl u d e Cl a ss I I a p p l i ca ti on of co m b i n a ti o n s of l a b ora tory

Typ e A1 ca b i n e ts ( form erl y d e si gn a ted Type p ra cti ce s a n d pro ced u res, l a b ora tory

A) , Cl a ss I I Typ e A2 ca b i n e ts ( wh e n fu n cti o n a n d d esi gn , sa fety e q u i p m e n t, a n d

e xh a u ste d to th e en vi ron m e n t, we re a p p rop ri a te occu p a ti o n a l h e a l th p rogra m s

form e rl y d e si gn a ted Type B3 ) , a n d Cl a ss I I wh e n worki n g wi th p oten ti a l l y i n fe cti ou s

1
Typ e B1 a n d B2 ca b i n ets. m i croorga n i sm s a n d oth e r b i oh a za rd s.

Bi o sa fe ty p ra cti ce s a n d proce d u re s a re

Biological safety manual – A col l e cti on of d e si gn ed to re d u ce th e exp osu re of

sta n d a rd op era ti n g proce d u re s ( SOP s) , l a b ora tory p e rson n e l , th e pu b l i c,

tra i n i n g d o cu m en ts, re spon si b i l i ti e s, e tc. , a gri cu l tu re , a n d th e en vi ron m en t to

th a t i s sp e ci fi c to a fa ci l i ty. p oten ti a l l y i n fe cti ou s a ge n ts a n d oth e r

b i ol o gi ca l h a za rd s. Th e ke y p ri n ci p l e s of

Biorisk (biological risk) – A com bi n a ti on of b i osa fety a re ri sk a sse ssm e n t a n d

th e p rob a bi l i ty of occu rre n ce of h a rm a n d con ta i n m e n t. Bi osa fe ty a l so re fe rs to th e

th e se ve ri ty o f th a t h a rm wh e re th e sou rce d e ve l op m e n t a n d i m p l em e n ta ti on of

o f h a rm i s a b i o l ogi ca l a gen t or toxi n . Th e a d m i n i stra ti ve pol i ci e s to p re ven t th e

sou rce of h a rm m a y b e a cci d e n ta l or tra n sm i ssi on of p ote n ti a l l y h a rm fu l b i ol ogi c

8
d e l i b era te .

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

a ge n ts to worke rs, oth e r p e rson s, a n d th e BSL-3/ABSL-3 facility – A l a b ora tory

e n vi ron m e n t. d e si gn ed a n d op era ted a t b i osa fety l e ve l 3

( BSL-3 ) o r a n i m a l b i osa fety l e ve l 3 ( ABSL-3 ) .

Biosafety level (BSL) – Th e com b i n a ti on of

l a b ora tory p ra cti ce s a n d te ch n i q u e s, sa fe ty Building automation system (BAS) –

e q u i p m e n t, a n d l a bora tory fa ci l i ti e s Au to m a ted system s u sed to a l a rm , m on i to r,

a p p rop ri a te for th e op e ra ti on s p e rform e d a n d con trol b u i l d i n g fu n cti on s, su ch a s

a n d th e h a za rd s pose d by th e i n fe cti ou s sm oke m a n a ge m e n t; h ea ti n g, ve n ti l a ti n g,

a ge n ts a n d th e l a b ora tory fu n cti on or a n d a i r-con d i ti o n i n g ( H VAC) ; a n d l i gh ti n g.

a cti vi ty. Bi osa fety l e ve l s a re d e scri b e d i n

th e BMBL. 1
Certification – A syste m a ti c, d o cu m e n ted

p roce ss to en su re system s p e rform i n

Biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) – A l e vel of a cco rd a n ce wi th a va i l a b l e ce rti fi ca ti on

l a b ora tory con ta i n m e n t a p p l i ca b l e to sta n d a rd s or a p p l i ca b l e ve ri fi ca ti on

8
cl i n i ca l , d i a gn osti c, te a ch i n g, re se a rch , or gu i d a n ce .

p rod u cti on fa ci l i ti e s wh ere work i s

p e rform ed wi th i n d i ge n ou s or e xoti c a ge n ts Class III biological safety cabinet (Class III

th a t m a y ca u se se ri ou s or p ote n ti a l l y l e th a l BSC) 7 – A ga s-ti gh t b i ol ogi ca l sa fe ty ca b i n e t

d i se a se th rou gh th e i n h a l a ti on rou te of wi th a n on -op e n i n g, com p l e tel y se a l ed ,

e xp osu re . La b ora to ry p erson n e l m u st vi e wi n g wi n d ow th a t i s a cce sse d u si n g l o n g,

re ce i ve sp eci fi c tra i n i n g i n h a n d l i n g h e a vy-d u ty ru bb e r gl oves a tta ch e d to ports

p a th o ge n i c a n d po ten ti a l l y l e th a l a gen ts, i n th e ca b i n et. Both su ppl y a n d e xh a u st a i r

a n d m u st be su p e rvi se d b y sci e n ti sts a re H EP A fi l te red , a l l o wi n g fo r m a xi m u m

co m p e te n t i n h a n d l i n g i n fe cti ou s a gen ts p rotecti on of th e e n vi ron m e n t a n d th e

1
a n d a sso ci a ted proce d u re s. worker. O p e ra ti on s i n th e ca b i n e t a re

con d u cte d th ro u gh a tta ch e d ru b b e r gl o ve s.

Biosafety professional/Biological safety Th e ca b i n et i s m a i n ta i n ed u n d er n e ga ti ve

officer (BSO) – An i n d i vi d u a l wh o i d e n ti fi e s, a i r p ressu re of a t l e a st 0. 5 0 i n wa te r ga u ge

a sse sse s, a n d con trol s occu pa ti o n a l h e a l th ( w. g. ) ( 1 2 0 Pa sca l [ Pa ] ) . D own -fl ow a i r i s

ri sks, a d ve rse effe cts on th e e n vi ron m en t d ra wn i n to th e ca b i n et th ro u gh H E P A a n d

( i n cl u d i n g a gri cu l tu re ) , ri sks to th e u l tra -l ow pe n etra ti on a i r ( U LP A) fi l te rs. Th e

co m m u n i ty a n d p u b l i c h e a l th a ssoci a ted e xh a u st a i r i s tre a ted b y d o u b l e H EP A/U LP A

wi th e xposu re to b i oh a za rd ou s a ge n ts a n d fi l tra ti on or b y H EP A/U LP A fi l tra ti on a n d

m a te ri a l s a n d d e ve l op s pro gra m s to i n ci n era ti on .

m a n a ge th e se ri sks. Th i s p rofe ssi on a l i s a

ke y re so u rce i n th e d e si gn a n d con stru cti on Commissioning – 1 ) A syste m a ti c p roce ss,

10
of con ta i n m e n t fa ci l i ti e s. th rou gh d o cu m e n te d ve ri fi ca ti on , th a t a l l

b u i l d i n g syste m s pe rform i n te ra cti ve l y

5
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

a ccord i n g to th e d ocu m en ted d e si gn i n te n t or fa i l -sa fe con d i ti on of cri ti ca l BSL-3 /

a n d own e r’ s op e ra ti on a l n e e d s. 2 ) Th e ABSL-3 H VAC, con trol s, or con ta i n m en t

p roce ss of en su ri n g th a t syste m s a re e q u i p m e n t ( e . g. , p n eu m a ti c d a m p e rs, a i r-

ca p a b l e of b e i n g op e ra ted a n d m a i n ta i n ed p owe re d ste ri l i ze r d o or ga ske ts, H VAC

11
a cco rd i n g to d e si gn i n ten t. co n tro l s) .

Containment perimeter – Th e bou n d a ry Decontamination – A p roce d u re or se t of

b e twe en th e l a b ora tory, a n i m a l fa ci l i ty, or p roce d u re s th a t e l i m i n a te s or re d u ce s

p ost m orte m roo m , a n d th e a re a ou tsi d e of b i ol o gi ca l a ge n ts a n d to xi n s to a sa fe l e ve l

co n ta i n m e n t. An a n te roo m , i f p re se n t, i s wi th re sp e ct to th e tra n sm i ssi o n of

8
co n si d e red to b e wi th i n th e con ta i n m e n t i n fe cti on or oth e r a d ve rse e ffe cts.

p e ri m ete r.

Directional airflow – Ai r fl ow th a t m o ve s

Corrective action plan (CAP) – A step -b y- from a l ow-h a za rd to a h i gh e r-h a za rd a re a .

ste p p l a n of a cti on a n d sch e d u l e to re m e d y

a d efi ci e n cy o r n on -p e rform a n ce . A CAP Downdraft table – Spe ci a l l y-con stru cted

a ssi gn s re spo n si b i l i ty a n d a ti m e l i n e , a n d a u top sy/n e crop sy ta b l e s th a t a re ven ti l a te d

sp e ci fi ca ti on s for d ocu m e n ti n g th e to p a rti a l l y con trol p a rti cu l a te s, od ors, a n d

co rre cti ve a cti on s ta ke n . Th e e sse n ti a l vo l a ti l e ch e m i ca l s. Th i s typ e of en gi n ee ri n g

Get more FREE standards from Standard

e l e m e n ts of a CAP i n cl u d e : conSharing
tro l typiGroup
ca l l y reand our
q u i re s achats
con n e cti on to

1. Assi gn i n g re sp on si b i l i ti e s ( to en su re th a t b u i l d i n g m e ch a n i ca l syste m s ( p l u m b i n g,

a re sp on si b l e i n d i vi d u a l i s a ssi gn e d for e xh a u st ve n ti l a ti on ) . Th ere a re a va i l a b l e

th e i d en ti fi ed d e fi ci en cy or a cti on i te m ) , se l f-con ta i n e d , p orta b l e d o wn d ra ft ta b l e s

2. Cre a ti n g a n i m p l e m e n ta ti on sch ed u l e th a t provi d e p a rti cu l a te p rote cti on th rou gh

wi th set m i l e ston e s, a H E P A fi l tra ti on system wh i ch re tu rn s

3. E n su ri n g th a t corre cti ve a cti on s a re fi l te re d a i r. Th e se p i e ce s of eq u i p m en t m u st

ta ke n for i d en ti fi e d d e fi ci e n ci e s, b e te sted a n d m u st co m p l y wi th th e d e si gn

4. I d e n ti fyi n g a com p l e ti o n d a te a n d of th e bu i l d i n g a n d th e m a n u fa ctu re rs’

p rovi d i n g pe ri od i c u p d a te s a ga i n st th a t re co m m e n d a ti on s.

co m p l e ti o n d a te , a n d

5. Do cu m en ta ti on i n d i ca ti n g th a t a l l Empirical testing – Te sti n g b a sed on

a cti o n s h a ve b e en ta ke n to corre ct th e ob se rva ti on a n d e xpe ri m e n t; d e ri ved sol e l y

12
d e fi ci en ci e s ( i n cl u d e s si gn -off wh e n from e xp e ri en ce .

co rre cti ve a cti on s a re com p l e te d ) .

Environmental health and safety plan – An

Critical control air – Th e com p l e te syste m i n sti tu ti on ’ s/o rga n i za ti on ’ s p ol i cy d ocu m e n t

th a t provi d e s a re q u i re d com p re sse d a i r co n ta i n i n g i n form a ti on a n d m e th o d s of

su p p l y d e e m e d n e ce ssa ry for th e op e ra ti o n worki n g a s p a rt of th e pro ce ss for

6
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

m i n i m i zi n g ri sks to em p l oye e s, vi si tors, a n d si ze of th e op e n i n g. Va ri ou s ba ffl e s a n d

th e e n vi ron m en t. a i rfoi l s a re i n corpora te d to p rovi d e l i n e a r

a i rfl ow a cro ss th e fa ce of th e op e n i n g i n

Exhaust to supply interlock – A m e a n s

13
of a ccord a n ce wi th AN SI Z9. 5 .

co n tro l ( BAS, e l e ctri ca l ) to sh u t off su p p l y

a i rfl ow to a BSL-3 su i te i n th e e ve n t of High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA)

e xh a u st syste m fa i l u re th a t cou l d ca u se a filter – An a i r fi l te r con si sti n g of u l tra -fi n e

re ve rsa l of p re ssu ri za ti on i n th e fi b e rs th a t i s effe cti ve for tra pp i n g

co n ta i n m e n t zon e . m i croscop i c p a rti cl e s a n d i n fecti ou s a ge n ts

i n th e a i r. A th ro w-a wa y, e xten d ed or

Facility – An op e ra ti on a l u n i t a n d p l e a te d m e d i u m , d ry-type fi l te r wi th th e

a ssoci a te d b u i l d i n gs a n d e q u i p m e n t u se d to fol l owi n g com p on e n ts: 1) ri gi d ca si n g

m a n a ge b i ol ogi ca l a ge n ts a n d to xi n s. A e n cl osi n g th e fu l l d ep th of th e p l ea ts; 2 )

“fa ci l i ty” i n cl u d e s th e l a bora tory, togeth e r m i n i m u m p a rti cu l a te rem ova l of 9 9 . 9 7% of

wi th th e su pp orti n g i n fra stru ctu re , a 0. 3 -m i cron n om i n a l p a rti cl e si ze for H EPA

e q u i p m e n t, a n d se rvi ce s i n cl u d i n g a n ci l l a ry or Typ e A fi l te rs.

room s su ch a s a n te ro om , ch a n gi n g room s,

ste ri l i zi n g room s, a n d stora ge room s. I n th e Insectary – A spe ci a l l y d e si gn e d fa ci l i ty for

co n te xt of th i s sta n d a rd , a d d i ti on a l ki n d s o f ke e p i n g, b re ed i n g, or obse rvi n g l i vi n g

fa ci l i ti e s i n cl u d e vi va ri a , a q u a ri a , a n d i n se cts. I n a BSL-3 i n se cta ry, th e i n se cts a re

8
gre e n h o u se s. th e ve ctors for i n fe cti ou s d i sea se s

( a ssu m i n g th e i n se cts h a ve be en i n fe cte d

Facility manager – An i n d i vi d u a l wh o i s wi th th e sp e ci fi c a ge n t u n d e r stu d y) . Sp e ci a l

re sp on si b l e for th e ove ra l l o p era ti on a n d p re ca u ti o n s m u st be ta ke n to p re ven t

m a i n ten a n ce of a fa ci l i ty. e sca p e i n to th e e n vi ron m e n t a s th e i n se cts

m a y n ot be i n d i gen ou s to th e l oca l e .

Failure testing – A m eth od of si m u l a ti n g a

fa i l u re e ven t to d ete rm i n e wh e th e r b a cku p Inspection/audit – Con form i ty e va l u a ti on

8
syste m s fu n cti on a s d e si gn e d . b y ob serva ti on a n d j u d gm e n t.

Filters – Se e H EP A, U LP A, SU LP A Laboratory – Room wi th i n a fa ci l i ty,

d e si gn a te d for work wi th b i ol ogi ca l a ge n ts

Fume hood – An
8
en gi n e eri n g con trol wi th a n d /o r toxi n s.

o n e op en si d e for p e rson n e l a cce ss th a t i s

i n ten d ed to con ta i n a n d e xh a u st h a za rd o u s Mitigation – Th e step s ta ke n to a l l e vi a te

ga se s a n d va p ors. Th e ope n si d e i s cu rre n t ri sk or pre ve n t or re d u ce fu tu re

14
e q u i p p ed wi th a t l e a st on e sa sh m o vi n g ri sk.

ve rti ca l l y or h ori zon ta l l y to m od u l a te th e

7
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) – A i n cl u d e con trol l ed a cce ss to th e spa ce

d ocu m en t d e si gn e d to provi d e b oth a n d ven ti l a ti on syste m s th a t m i n i m i ze

worke rs a n d e m e rgen cy p e rson n e l wi th th e th e re l e a se of i n fe cti ou s a e rosol s from

p rope r p roce d u re s fo r h a n d l i n g or wo rki n g th e l a b ora tory.

wi th a p a rti cu l a r su b sta n ce . An M SD S

i n cl u d e s i n form a ti on su ch a s p h ysi ca l d a ta ─ Tertiary containment – Th e b u i l d i n g

( m e l ti n g p o i n t, b oi l i n g poi n t, fl a sh p o i n t, e n ve l op e a n d p h ysi ca l op e ra ti on wi th

etc. ) , toxi ci ty, h e a l th e ffects, fi rst a i d , i te m s su ch a s sh owe r, l ocke r room , etc.

re a cti vi ty, stora ge , d i sp osa l , p e rson a l

p rote cti ve e q u i p m en t, a n d sp i l l /l ea k Primary containment device – De vi ce

p roce d u re s. An M SD S i s of p a rti cu l a r u se i f a p rovi d i n g pri m a ry con ta i n m e n t of

sp i l l or oth e r a cci d e n t occu rs. b i oh a za rd ou s m a teri a l . Pri m a ry

co n ta i n m e n t d e vi ce s ca n i n cl u d e b i o l ogi ca l

Particle leakage estimation – A ca l cu l a ti on sa fe ty ca b i n ets, cen tri fu ge s wi th se a l e d

of th e q u a n ti ty of a i r p a rti cl e s l e a ke d u n d er roto rs or sa fety cu p s, e q u i p m en t i sol a to rs,

fa i l u re con d i ti on s th a t m u st b e p rovi d e d b y a n i m a l -ca gi n g or oth e r eq u i pm e n t th a t

th e l a b ora tory b e i n g ve ri fi e d i f “zero- p rote cts p e rson n e l a n d en vi ro n m e n t from

tol e ra n ce re ve rse a i rfl o w” ca n n ot b e e xp osu re to b i o h a za rd s.

a ch i e ve d .

Risk
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Sharing and
i n a ti on of our
th e chats
p rob a bi l i ty of

Personal protective equipment (PPE) – occu rre n ce o f h a rm a n d th e se ve ri ty of th a t

8
M a te ri a l , i n cl u d i n g cl oth i n g ( e . g. , gown , h a rm .

gl o ve s, re sp i ra tors, sa fe ty gl a sse s) , u se d to

p re ve n t e xp osu re to or con ta m i n a ti on of a Risk assessment – Th e q u a l i ta ti ve an d

8
p e rson b y ch e m i ca l or bi ol ogi ca l m a tte r. q u a n ti ta ti ve e va l u a ti on of ri sk po se d to

h u m a n h e a l th , a n i m a l h ea l th , a n d /or th e
Primary containment – Th e p ri m a ry sa fety
e n vi ron m e n t b y th e a ctu a l or p ote n ti a l
b a rri e r for con trol of b i oh a za rd o u s
p re se n ce a n d /or u se of sp e ci fi c h a za rd ou s
m a te ri a l s to p rote ct pe rson n e l a n d th e
b i ol o gi ca l a ge n ts or oth er m a teri a l s. Ri sk
e n vi ron m e n t from e xp osu re to th o se
a sse ssm e n t i s th e e xe rci se of i d e n ti fyi n g,
m a te ri a l s. P ri m a ry con ta i n m e n t re q u i re s
a n a l yzi n g, e va l u a ti n g ( p rob a b i l i ty ve rsu s
u si n g p rope r sto ra ge con ta i n e rs, good
con se q u e n ce ) a n d fi n a l l y m i ti ga ti n g a n y
m i crob i ol ogi ca l te ch n i q u e , a n d th e u se of 1, 8
p oten ti a l h a za rd . Ri sk a sse ssm e n t i s a
a p p rop ri a te p ri m a ry con ta i n m en t d e vi ce s.
com m on fi rst step i n a n ove ra l l ri sk-
1

─
m a n a ge m en t p ro cess. ( Se e se cti o n 7, Ri sk
Secondary containment – Th e
Asse ssm e n t)
l a b ora tory room or en cl osu re wh e re th e

p roce d u re s a re p e rfo rm e d or th e

a n i m a l s a re h ou sed . Se con d a ry b a rri ers

8
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Room air balance – A gen e ra l te rm re l a ti n g ge o gra p h i c l oca ti on , u se o f spe ci fi c

to m a ss a i r b a l a n ce th a t d e scri b e s th e h a za rd ou s a ge n ts, a n d th e p rop o sed work

p rope r re l a ti on sh i p of a i r wi th i n a p roce sse s a n d e q u i p m e n t i n vol vi n g

l a b ora tory wi th re sp e ct to th e tota l e xh a u st h a za rd ou s a ge n ts u se d a t th a t fa ci l i ty.

a i rfl ow fro m th e l a b a n d th e su pp l y m a ke u p

a i rfl ow i n to th e l a b . Th e re l a ti on sh i p of Standard – A d ocu m e n t e sta b l i sh e d b y

th e se a i rfl o ws a l so e sta bl i sh e s th e p re ssu re con se n su s a n d a p p ro ve d b y a re co gn i ze d

b od y th a t p rovi d e s for com m on a n d

d i ffe ren ti a l b etwe e n th e l a b ora tory roo m
13 re p e a te d u se , ru l e s, gu i d e l i n e s, or
a n d a d j a cen t roo m s a n d sp a ce s.
ch a ra cte ri sti cs fo r a cti vi ti e s o r th e i r re su l ts

a i m e d a t a ch i e ve m en t of th e op ti m u m
Room pressure differential monitor – An y
d e gre e o f ord e r i n a gi ven con te xt.
19

d e vi ce u se d to m e a su re d i ffe ren ces i n

p re ssu re be twe e n two ph ysi ca l l y se p a ra te d Standard operating procedure (SOP) – A

a re a s or room s. se t of wri tten i n stru cti o n s th a t d o cu m en t a

ro u ti n e o r re p eti ti ve a cti vi ty fo l l owe d b y a n

Select agents – Se l e ct a ge n ts a n d toxi n s a re orga n i za ti on .

8

a su b set of b i o l o gi ca l a gen ts a n d toxi n s th a t

th e D ep a rtm e n t of H e a l th a n d H u m a n SULPA – Su pe r-U LP A fi l te rs h a ve a n

Se rvi ce s ( H H S) a n d th e De p a rtm e n t of e ffi ci en cy o f 9 9 . 99 9 9 % on th e sa m e b a si s a s

Agri cu l tu re ( U SDA) h a ve d e term i n ed to U LP A fi l te rs. Th e l o w p en e tra ti on e xp e cte d

h a ve th e p oten ti a l to p ose a se ve re th rea t from U LP A a n d SU LP A fi l te rs i s su ch th a t

to p u b l i c h ea l th a n d sa fety, to a n i m a l o r th e y m u st b e tota l l y fre e of e ve n th e

p l a n t h e a l th , or to a n i m a l or p l a n t p ro d u cts. sm a l l e st l ea k. Th e sta n d a rd i za ti on of te sti n g

Th e cu rre n t l i st of se l e ct a ge n ts a n d toxi n s m e th od s i n b oth th e U n i te d Sta te s a n d

15
ca n b e fou n d wi th i n 7 CFR § 3 3 1 . 3 ; 9 CFR E u ro pe for U LPA a n d SU LP A fi l te rs i s n o w i n
16
§§ 121. 3, 121. 4 ; a n d 42 CFR § § 73 . 3 , th e p ro ce ss o f b e i n g fi n a l i ze d . U n ti l i t i s, th e
17
7 3 . 4. i n d i vi d u a l u se r re q u i ri n g fi l te rs a t th i s

e ffi ci en cy l e vel m u st b e ce rta i n th a t th e

Sequence of operations – A fu l l y te sts p e rform ed on fi l te rs d e m on stra te

d e scri p ti ve , d e ta i l e d a ccou n t of system th e i r a b i l i ty to m e e t th e u se r-d e fi n e d

20
op e ra ti on th a t i s d e ve l ope d d u ri n g th e n e e d s.

d e si gn p roce ss, a n d fi n a l i ze d u pon

co m m i ssi on i n g, wh e n th e ope ra ti on a l Supply air – Th e tota l a m o u n t of a i r

d e ta i l s a re i n i ti a l i ze d a n d ve ri fi ed . Th e fi n a l d e l i ve red to a sp a ce u sed for ven ti l a ti on ,

18
re cord o f syste m op e ra ti on . h e a ti n g, co ol i n g, h u m i d i fi ca ti on , a n d
11, 21
d e h u m i d i fi ca ti on .

Site-specific risks – Sp e ci fi c ri sks th a t a re

a ssoci a te d wi th th e fa ci l i ty d u e to i ts u n i q u e

9
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Testing and performance- verification – e q u i p m e n t, ( d ) e xh a u ster, a n d ( e ) d i sch a rge

23
Th e syste m a ti c re vi e w of a l l fe a tu re s a n d sta ck.

p roce sse s a ssoci a te d wi th th e l a b ora tory

ve n ti l a ti o n syste m to e n su re th a t th e e n ti re Verification – Con fi rm a ti on , th rou gh th e

syste m a n d a l l i ts i n d i vi d u a l co m p o n en ts a re p rovi si on of ob j e cti ve e vi d e n ce , th a t

8
op e ra ti n g a s d e si gn ed . sp e ci fi ed req u i re m e n ts h a ve b e en fu l fi l l ed .

Transducer – a d e vi ce th a t co n verts a n Veterinary staff (at ABSL-3 facilities) –

el e ctri ca l si gn a l i n to a p n e u m a ti c si gn a l ( i . e . , I n d i vi d u a l s, wh o a re a pprop ri a te l y tra i n e d

I /P tra n sd u ce r m e a n s cu rre n t-to -pre ssu re ) . a n d l i cen se d to pro te ct th e h e a l th a n d

sa fe ty of l a b ora tory a n i m a l s b y p e rfo rm i n g

Transport velocity – Th e a i r ve l oci ty a n i m a l h u sb a n d ry a n d vete ri n a ry ca re .

re q u i re d to p re ve n t d ry a i r con ta m i n a n ts

from se ttl i n g ou t i n th e d u ct.

22
Vivarium – ( La ti n , l i tera l l y for " p l a ce o f l i fe " ;

p l u ra l : vivaria or vivarium s ) 1 ) U su a l l y, a n

ULPA – U l tra -l ow p e n e tra ti on a i r fi l te rs e n cl ose d a re a for ke e p i n g a n d ra i si n g

h a ve a m i n i m u m effi ci en cy of 99 . 9 9 9 % for a n i m a l s or p l a n ts for ob se rva ti on or

p a rti cl e s i n th e m ost p e n e tra ti n g p a rti cl e re se a rch ; 2 ) often , a p orti on of th e

si ze a t th e sp e ci fi e d m e d i a ve l oci ty. Th e e co syste m for a p a rti cu l a r sp e ci e s i s

Get more FREE standards from Standard

si mSharing
m ost p en e tra ti n g p a rti cl e si ze i s d e fi n e d a s Group
u l a ted on a smand
a l l e rour
sca lchats
e , wi th con trol s

th a t p a rti cl e d i a m e te r for wh i ch for m on i tori n g a n d m a i n ta i n i n g

p e n etra ti on th rou gh th e m e d i u m i s a e n vi ron m e n ta l con d i ti on s.

20
m a xi m u m .

Volumetric air flow rate – Th e ra te of

Ventilation system – 1 ) A syste m con si sti n g a i rfl ow e xp re sse d i n te rm s of vol u m e ( cu b i c

of a su pp l y syste m a n d a ssoci a te d d e vi ce s fe e t o r l i ters) p e r u n i t o f ti m e . Ai rfl ow i s

a n d d u ctwork for d e l i veri n g con d i ti o n ed a i r co m m on l y e xpre sse d a s cu b i c fee t p e r

to a sp a ce , p o i n t-sou rce e xh a u st, a n d m i n u te ( cfm ) i n U . S. cu stom a ry syste m u n i ts

b u i l d i n g e xh a u st syste m s a n d a ssoci a te d ( U SCS) u n i ts o r l i te rs p e r se con d ( L/s) i n

1
d e vi ce s a n d d u ctwork for re m ovi n g I n te rn a ti o n a l Syste m o f U n i ts ( SI ) u n i ts.

p oten ti a l l y co n ta m i n a ted a i r from a sp a ce ;

2 ) th e d i l u ti o n ve n ti l a ti on syste m , H VAC

syste m , bu i l d i n g ven ti l a ti on syste m , a n d

th e i r com pon en ts; 3 ) a syste m for re m ovi n g

co n ta m i n a ted a i r fro m a sp a ce con si sti n g

typ i ca l l y of th e fol l owi n g e l e m e n ts: ( a )

e xh a u st h oo d , ( b ) d u ctwork, ( c) a i r-cl e a n i n g

10
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

5 A PPLI CABI LI TY AN D C ON FORM AN CE

5.1 Applicability

Th i s sta n d a rd a pp l i e s speci fi ca l l y to n e w o r AN SI Z9 . 14 i s a vol u n ta ry sta n d a rd . Th i s

e xi sti n g Bi o sa fe ty Le ve l 3 ( BSL-3 ) a n d An i m a l sta n d a rd cou l d a pp l y to a n y BSL-3 /ABSL-3

l a b ora tory i n cl u d i n g sm a l l a n i m a l a n d
Bi o sa fe ty Le ve l 3 ( ABSL-3 ) l a b ora tori e s a n d
i n se cta ry fa ci l i ti e s.
i n se cta ri e s. Th i s sta n d a rd a l so a ppl i e s to th e

a fore m e n ti o n e d fa ci l i ti e s i f th e re h a s b e e n a
Th e sta n d a rd sh ou l d b e i n corp ora ted i n to th e
re n ova ti on , ch a n ge of u se , or
d e si gn o f a n y BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tory fa ci l i ty
d e co m m i ssi on i n g.
th a t i s d e si gn e d for worki n g wi th a ge n ts a t th e

BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l e ve l a s d efi n e d b y th e BMBL . 1

Th i s sta n d a rd a pp l i e s to ve ri fi ca ti on a n d

te sti n g of ven ti l a ti on syste m com pon en ts of I t i s d e si gn ed to p ro vi d e gu i d a n ce for

a n y l a bo ra tory th a t i s d esi gn e d for worki n g col l e cti n g, p rep a ri n g a n d re ta i n i n g

wi th a gen ts a t th e BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l eve l a s d ocu m en ta ti on , pe rform i n g vi su a l i n spe cti on ,

Biosafety in Microbiological
d e fi n e d b y th e a n d te sti n g a n d ve ri fi ca ti on m eth od ol ogi e s for

and Biomedical Laboratories ( BMBL ) . 1

th e p e rform a n ce of ve n ti l a ti on syste m

com p on en ts th a t h a ve be e n p re vi ou sl y

i d e n ti fi e d i n oth e r m a n u a l s a n d d ocu m en ts

th a t a d d re ss h i gh -con ta i n m e n t l a b ora tori e s or

a n i m a l fa ci l i ti e s.

AN SI Z9 . 14 m a y b e u sed a s a n a d j u n ct

sta n d a rd op era ti n g proce d u re ( SOP ) , or a l on g

wi th oth er m eth od ol o gi es th a t m a y b e

a va i l a b l e to e n su re th a t th e ven ti l a ti on syste m

i n a h i gh -con ta i n m e n t fa ci l i ty ca n p ro vi d e a

sa fe en vi ron m e n t for b u i l d i n g occu p a n ts a n d

th e e xte rn a l e n vi ron m en t.

AN SI Z9 . 14 m a y b e u sefu l for:

1. Fa ci l i ti e s th a t h a ve si m i l a r fu n cti on s a n d

ri sks, b u t d o N OT fol l o w th e sa m e te sti n g

m e th od s for ve n ti l a ti on ;

2. U se rs wh o req u i re a ssi sta n ce to p e rform

th e te sts.

11
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

5.2 Conformance

Conformance with this standard , in whole or Minimal acceptable conditions for ventilation
in part, shall be determined by the individual
system performance in BSL-3/ABSL-3 facilities
institution. The date of conformance shall beinclude: 1) During normal facility operations,
determined by the institution choosing to usethe maintenance of air movement from areas
it. The institution should establish a that are not contaminated by any biological
transitional period to meet the expectations of
hazards towards areas that may be
the standard. progressively more contaminated inside the
laboratory. Depending on the specific risk
assessment, biological hazards that may exist
inside the containment barriers of BSL-3/
ABSL-3 must be controlled through the use of
engineering controls, adequate administrative
controls, practices and procedures, and proper
use of personal protective equipment. The
directional movement of air inside the
laboratory between spaces with similar hazard
profiles should be determined by operational
needs. 2) Ventilation systems in BSL-3/ABSL-3
should be designed to minimize any outward
flow of potentially contaminated air from
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inside to outside the containment zone during
failures and recovery from failures of the
ventilation systems. This is a fundamental
requirement necessary to protect persons,
animals, and the environment in areas outside
of the containment zone.
Findings that individual test results do not
meet the ideal conditions such as transient
airflow reversal within containment spaces
during some failure mode testing will not
necessarily mean that a facility is deemed
non-conformant. Rather, such findings
documented and incorporated into the risk
assessment process will enable the entity’s
administration to determine if corrective
action is required. Corrective actions may be
in the form of physical and/or administrative
controls. Proper documentation of this
process can be considered demonstration of
conformance .

12
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

5.3 Verification of Conformance to Regulations

I d e n ti fy th e re l e va n t re gu l a ti on s a n d P e rh a p s th e m ost e sse n ti a l com p a ri son i s th a t

sta n d a rd s th rou gh wh i ch th e co n form a n ce o f th e cu rren t sta tu s to l oca l , sta te , a n d

ve ri fi ca ti on p roce ss i s m a d e . E xp erts i n th e fe d era l l a ws. I n som e ca se s, l e ga l

fi e l d sh a l l b e co n su l ted . re q u i re m en ts m a y n ot h a ve b e en

p rom u l ga ted . I n wh i ch ca se , th e fi n a l sta tu s

Th i s syste m a ti c re vi e w a ga i n st p re vi ou sl y co m p a ri son sh ou l d b e m a d e to i n d u stry

i d e n ti fi e d re l e va n t sta n d a rd s m a y re su l t i n sta n d a rd s or b e st p ra cti ce s.

th e i d en ti fi ca ti on of d e vi a ti o n s from th e se

sta n d a rd s. Th e ve ri fi ca ti on p ro ce ss sh a l l n ot I n a d d i ti on to a com p a ri so n to re gu l a ti on s,

e n d u n ti l d i sposi ti on for th e se d e vi a ti on s a re i n d u stry sta n d a rd s a n d be st pra cti ce s, th e

i d e n ti fi e d a n d th e re su l ts a re ve ri fi ed to b e a s h e a ti n g, ven ti l a ti n g, a n d a i r-co n d i ti on i n g

e xp e cted . ( H VAC) te sti n g a n d pe rform a n ce re su l ts m u st

b e vi e we d i n l i gh t of orga n i za ti o n a l

re q u i re m en ts. Th e se m a y b e m ore re stri cti ve

to p rote ct fu tu re l i a b i l i ty.

As wi th a l l p ro ce ss step s, th e ve ri fi ca ti on of

co n form a n ce to sta n d a rd s i s n ot com p l ete

wi th ou t re ten ti on o f a pprop ri a te re cord s a s

re q u i re d b y th e o ri gi n a l p l a n a n d re l e va n t

sta n d a rd s.

6 O VERVIEW
6.1 Ventilation-Testing Performance Categories
Te sti n g a n d ve ri fi ca ti on of ven ti l a ti on Al so, te sti n g a n d ve ri fi ca ti on of re l a ted

syste m s i n BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b s sh a l l i n cl u d e : syste m s wi th i n a BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b sh ou l d

• Su pp l y i n cl u d e:

• E xh a u st • Op ti m i ze d m a i n te n a n ce o f p re ssu re

• Di recti on a l a i rfl o w gra d i e n ts a n d m a i n te n a n ce of

• E n gi n ee ri n g con tro l s su ch a s te m pe ra tu re a n d h u m i d i ty

b i ol o gi ca l sa fety ca b i n e ts ( BSCs) , • Ph ysi ca l i n te gri ty

m i cro-i sol a tors, d own d ra ft ta b l e s, • Se a l i n g a n d l e a ka ge fa ctors

fu m e h ood s a n d oth e r p ri m a ry • I n te rl ocki n g syste m s

co n ta i n m e n t d e vi ce s * con n e cte d to • An te room s

• D oors/wi n d ows

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

th e ve n ti l a ti o n syste m ** • E m e rge n cy a n d b a cku p powe r

• Bu i l d i n g a u to m a ti on syste m ( BAS) syste m s

se t-poi n t wh e re su p p l y a n d exh a u st • Al a rm s

tra ck e a ch oth e r • Op e ra ti n g seq u en ce s

• Ai r fi l tra ti on • Ve n ti l a ti on syste m i n te gra ti on

• E xh a u st sta cks wi th BAS, n orm a l a n d ba cku p

• Re d u n d a n cy p owe r, a n d re l a te d cri ti ca l

• Ca n op y h o od s ( a u tocl a ve s) syste m s ( e . g. , fi re con trol

• Sp e ci fi c ABSL-3 req u i re m e n ts
syste m s)

* Th ose a sp e cts of pri m a ry con ta i n m e n t

d e vi ce s th a t d i re ctl y a ffect th e ven ti l a ti on

syste m p erform a n ce ( e . g. , for a Cl a ss I I B2

b i osa fety ca b i n et, th e i n te rl ock b etwe e n th e

b i osa fety ca b i n et a n d th e h e a ti n g,

ve n ti l a ti n g, a n d a i r- con d i ti on i n g ( H VAC)

con tro l s, bu t n ot th e p erfo rm a n ce of th e

i n te rn a l su pp l y fi l te r; m i cro-i sol a tors,

a e roso l i za ti on ch a m b e rs, gl ove b ox) .

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** Al l oth er eq u i p m e n t th a t i m p a cts th e

H VAC syste m , su ch a s free ze rs, i n cu b a tors,

ce n tri fu ge s.

Al th ou gh th i s i s n ot i n ten d e d to b e a te st

sta n d a rd fo r p ri m a ry con ta i n m en t d e vi ce s,

d e vi ce s con n e cted to th e ve n ti l a ti on syste m

m u st b e con fi rm e d to be p rop e rl y

op e ra ti o n a l a n d /o r m a i n ta i n ed a n d /or

ce rti fi ed i n a ccord a n ce wi th th e i r

re q u i re m en ts.

6.2 Generic Typical Sequence of Testing and Performance-Verification

Th e fo l l owi n g te sti n g se q u e n ce i s ge n e ri c a n d Th e fo l l owi n g l i st i n cl u d es typ i ca l e l e m en ts of

n e e d s to be a d a pte d sp eci fi ca l l y to th e fa ci l i ty SOPs for p erform i n g p e rform a n ce-

b e i n g te ste d . A sta n d a rd op e ra ti n g p roced u re ve ri fi ca ti on s of BSL-3 ve n ti l a ti on syste m s.

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( SOP ) sh a l l be d e ve l ope d b y q u a l i fi e d I n cl u si on of i n d i vi d u a l e l e m e n ts for a gi ve n

i n d i vi d u a l s for te sti n g a fa ci l i ty to ve ri fy h i gh - fa ci l i ty sh ou l d be m a d e ba se d on si te -sp e ci fi c

co n ta i n m e n t fa ci l i ti e s. Th e ve ri fi ca ti on sh a l l co n d i ti on s a n d ri sk a sse ssm e n t.

on l y p roce e d wh e n th e re i s con sen su s wi th

1. I d e n ti fy th e p erson n e l n e e d ed to te st th e
th e SOP b y a l l p a rti e s i n vol ve d .
fa ci l i ty.

A ri sk a sse ssm e n t sh a l l be i n cl u d ed wh en 2. P rovi d e a wri tten te st p roce d u re for e a ch

d e ve l op i n g th e SOP fo r te sti n g a fa ci l i ty to te st to b e con d u cte d .

i d e n ti fy ca se s wh e re th e te sti n g ca n n ot be 3. Sta te th e a ccep ta n ce cri te ri a for ea ch

p e rform ed d u e to si te-spe ci fi c co n d i ti on s. te st to b e con d u cte d a n d th e ba si s for

th ose cri teri a .

4. Provi d e a d ra wi n g of th e l a b ora tory,

sh owi n g wh e re d i re cti on a l a i rfl o w/

p re ssu re d i ffe re n ti a l m e te rs a re to b e

l oca te d .

5. Provi d e a si m p l i fi e d sch em a ti c of

d i re cti on a l a i rfl ows a cro ss d oors i n to a n d

wi th i n th e con ta i n m e n t zo n e .

6. Provi d e a si m p l i fi e d sch em a ti c of th e

ve n ti l a ti on syste m .

7. Provi d e a si m p l i fi e d sch em a ti c of th e

n orm a l a n d e m erge n cy powe r syste m s.

8. Sta te sa fety p re ca u ti o n s to b e ta ke n

p e rta i n i n g to th e te sti n g to i n cl u d e a

sa fe ty b ri efi n g re q u i re m e n t.

9. Ad d re ss se cu ri ty i ssu e s a n d n oti fi ca ti o n s.

1 0. Ad d re ss ve ri fi ca ti on s o f a l a rm s ge n e ra te d

b y th e fa i l u re s sce n a ri os.

11. Provi d e a l i st of te st e q u i p m e n t.

12. Provi d e d ocu m e n ta ti on of th e m ost

re ce n t ca l i b ra ti on ce rti fi ca te s of th e te st

e q u i p m e n t u se d .

13. Ad d re ss b u i l d i n g occu pa n t n oti fi ca ti on s.

1 4. P rovi d e a te sti n g scri pt to b e u sed wi th

th e re q u i re m e n t th a t th e te sti n g b e

con d u cte d fro m sta rt to fi n i sh , wi th ou t

i n te rru pti on .

15. P rovi d e a si gn -i n sh ee t re q u i ri n g a l l

te sti n g pa rti ci pa n ts to si gn a s wi tn e sse s

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

to th e te sts.

Th e te sti n g re gi m e n sh ou l d i n cl u d e th e

ve ri fi ca ti on of th e ve n ti l a ti o n syste m ’ s n orm a l

o p e ra ti on p ri or to te sti n g fa i l u re of ven ti l a ti on

syste m co m po n en ts. Syste m set-p o i n ts sh o u l d

b e re cord ed for th e e xh a u st a n d su pp l y

syste m s from th e BAS, i f a p p l i ca b l e . Th e se set-

p oi n ts a re n e ce ssa ry to d e te rm i n e wh e n th e

ve n ti l a ti o n syste m h a s retu rn e d to i ts n orm a l

o p e ra ti on a fte r a fa i l u re te st. Ca l i b ra te d

d i ffe ren ti a l p re ssu re m e te rs ca n b e u se d a n d

p l a ce d a cross e a ch p re ssu re d i ffe ren ti a l te st

l oca ti on a s p e r th e SO P d ra wi n g of th e

l a b ora tory.

E a ch of th e se l oca ti on s sh ou l d b e sm o ke-

te sted to veri fy th e m eter i s m e a su ri n g

d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow a s con fi rm e d b y th e

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d i re cti on of thGroup and
e sm oke . our chats

A b a se l i n e of d a ta sh ou l d b e l ogge d for a

m i n i m u m p eri od ( e . g. , 4 m i n u te s, wi th d a ta of

p re ssu re re cord i n gs l ogge d a t a m i n i m u m of 5 -

se con d i n te rva l s) . Li ke l y fa i l u re scen a ri os th a t

sh o u l d be te sted a t a m i n i m u m a re :

1. Fa i l u re of a si n gl e e xh a u st fa n

2. I f th e l a b ora tory h a s re d u n d a n t e xh a u st

fa n ( s) , th e n e a ch re d u n d a n t e xh a u st fa n

i s fa i l ed a s a si n gl e e xh a u st-fa n fa i l u re

3. Fa i l u re of m u l ti p l e e xh a u st fa n s, a s

e xp e cted i n worst-ca se sce n a ri os

4. N orm a l sta rt-u p of ven ti l a ti on syste m

5. Fa i l u re of a si n gl e a i r-h a n d l i n g u n i t ( AH U )

6. I f th e l a b ora tory h a s re d u n d a n t AH U s or

su p p l y fa n s, th e n e a ch red u n d a n t AH U or

su p p l y fa n i s fa i l ed a s a si n gl e -fa n fa i l u re

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7. Fa i l u re of m u l ti p l e AH U s or su p p l y fa n s,

a s e xp e cted i n worst-ca se sce n a ri os

8. N orm a l p o we r fa i l u re a n d tra n sfe r to

e m e rge n cy sou rce p ower

( u n i n te rru pti b l e p o we r su p p l y [U PS] or

e m e rge n cy gen e ra tor)

9. Tra n sfe r from e m e rgen cy p owe r to

n orm a l p owe r

1 0. Fa i l u re of BAS a n d con trol s syste m fa i l u re

Ci rcu m sta n ce s m a y b e su ch th a t be ca u se of

th e n orm a l a n d e m e rgen cy p owe r d i stri bu ti on ,

te sti n g m a y n ot be e a si l y a ccom p l i sh ed . I n

wh i ch ca se , a si m u l a te d p owe r te st i s

som e ti m e s p ossi b l e wh ere j u st th e a u tom a ti c

tra n sfe r swi tch ( ATS) ca n b e m a n i p u l a te d . I f

n ot, th e n th e su gge sted p ro ce d u re i s to ve ri fy

th a t th e re i s a m a i n ten a n ce p rogra m th a t

a n n u a l l y te sts th e e m erge n cy ge n era tor u n d e r

l oa d con d i ti on s a n d th e re i s a n n u a l

m a i n ten a n ce of th e ATS. I f a te st i s si m u l a ted

for th e BSL-3 zon e u n d e r te st, te st p roced u re s

sh o u l d a sse ss i m p a ct of a d j a ce n t a rea s th a t

m a y b e sti l l ru n n i n g a n d m a y i n fl u en ce

p re ssu re s; te sts cou l d a l so si m u l a te

co n cu rren t fa i l u re s i n a d j a ce n t zon e s.

6.3 Roles, Responsibilities, and Qualifications

Th e u l ti m a te re spon si b i l i ty for th e sa fe Two grou p s of i n d i vi d u a l s sh o u l d p e rform th e

op e ra ti o n of a BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tory fa ci l i ty a cti vi ti e s d e scri b ed i n th i s sta n d a rd :

re sts wi th th e i n sti tu ti on ; sp e ci fi ca l l y th i s fa l l s

to top m a n a ge m e n t. 1. Entity Management — Th ose i n d i vi d u a l s

wi th fa ci l i ty-spe ci fi c rol es a n d

re sp o n si b i l i ti e s su ch a s u p p e r

m a n a ge m en t/own e r’ s rep re se n ta ti ve ,

se n i or m a n a ge m e n t, b i ol ogi ca l sa fety

offi ce r/b i ori sk- m a n a gem e n t a d vi sor

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

2. Testing and Verification Team — Th ose

i n d i vi d u a l s wh o wi l l be a ctu a l l y pe rform i n g

th e te sti n g a n d pe rform a n ce -ve ri fi ca ti on

m e th od ol ogi e s. Th e te sti n g a n d ve ri fi ca ti on

te a m m a y b e co m p l e te l y m a d e u p of

i n d i vi d u a l s wh o a re n ot a ssoci a te d wi th th e

e n ti ty ( i . e . , ou tsi d e con tra cto rs) o r th e y m a y

b e m a d e u p i n wh ol e or p a rt b y en ti ty sta ff

Te a m e xpe ri en ce sh ou l d i n cl u d e:

• Worki n g kn owl e d ge of cu rre n t cod e s

a n d sta n d a rd s a pp l i ca b l e to th e fa ci l i ty

typ e a n d ge o gra p h i c l oca ti on ; a spe cts

of d e si gn , con stru cti on , a n d

co m m i ssi on i n g; ri sk m a n a ge m e n t;

d e ve l op i n g a n d i m p l e m en ti n g a n

i n te gra ted progra m of con form a n ce ;

sp e ci fi c kn owl e d ge of fa ci l i ty
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op e ra ti on s’ h i story i n cl u d i n g

p re ve n ta ti ve m a i n ten a n ce p e rform e d ,

p ri or e q u i p m en t fa i l u re , a n d d eta i l e d

n a tu re of wo rk p e rform ed i n si d e th e

op e ra ti on a l fa ci l i ty

• Te a m a n d te a m l e a d e r sh ou l d b e

d e si gn a te d b y th e BSL-3 /ABSL-3 fa ci l i ty

own e r a n d con si st of p e rso n n e l

d e e m ed q u a l i fi e d to pe rform te sti n g

a n d p e rform a n ce -ve ri fi ca ti o n

p roce d u re s

Th e fol l owi n g a re so m e typ i ca l te a m

m e m b e rs:

• Bi o sa fe ty p rofe ssi on a l ( BSO)

• Fa ci l i ty m a n a ge r

• H VAC sp e ci a l i st

• Te sti n g e n gi n e e r

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

• O ccu p a ti on a l h e a l th a n d sa fe ty

sp e ci a l i st

• O p e ra ti on s a n d m a i n ten a n ce

p e rson n e l

• O wn e rs

• P ri n ci p a l i n ve sti ga tor or l a b d i re ctor

• Con trol s sp e ci a l i st( s)

6.3.1 Role/Responsibility as It Relates to a BSL-3/ABSL-3 Facility

Entity Responsibilities :
M a n a ge m e n t pl a n s sh ou l d i n cl u d e:

E n ti ti e s m u st e sta b l i sh m a n a ge m en t p l a n s 1. E n su ri n g th e form a ti on of a ven ti l a ti on a n d

to m a i n ta i n b i o sa fe ty, b i ocon ta i n m en t, ve ri fi ca ti on te a m wi th a pp rop ri a te

a n d b i ose cu ri ty. a u th ori ty to i m p l e m e n t a fa ci l i ty te sti n g

a n d veri fi ca ti o n p ro gra m

2. I d e n ti fyi n g a cl e a r re porti n g stru ctu re to a n

e n ti ty or i n sti tu ti on a l offi ci a l

3. E n su ri n g th a t th e te a m i s a p prop ri a te l y

co n sti tu te d a n d sta ffed wi th a d e q u a te

re so u rce s

4. E n su ri n g th a t a n a pp rop ri a te ri sk

a sse ssm e n t i s con d u cte d a n d d ocu m e n ted

to form th e b a si s of th e te sti n g a n d

ve ri fi ca ti on p ro gra m fo r th e l a b ora tory

BSL-3 /ABSL-3 fa ci l i ty

5. E n su ri n g te sti n g a n d ve ri fi ca ti on a re d on e

a t a n a pp rop ri a te freq u en cy

6. E n su ri n g th a t en ti ty a ssi gn m e n ts a re m a d e

a n d d ocu m e n te d

7. E n su ri n g sa fe op e ra ti on of th e

BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tory. Th i s i s typi ca l l y

p e rform ed b y top m a n a ge m e n t su ch a s

th e p re si d en t/CE O. Provi d i n g re sou rce s for

i m p l e m en ti n g th i s sta n d a rd . Th i s i s

typ i ca l l y p erform e d b y top or se n i or

m a n a ge m en t

8. Col l e cti n g p re-i n spe cti on d ocu m e n ta ti on

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

9. E n su ri n g th a t th e fa ci l i ty i s sa fe to p e rfo rm

ve ri fi ca ti on . Th i s i s typ i ca l l y p e rform ed b y

BSO or fa ci l i ty m a n a ge m e n t

1 0. E n su ri n g th a t BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b en try

re q u i re m en ts h a ve b e en m e t. Th i s i s

typ i ca l l y p erform e d b y a BSO or fa ci l i ty

m a n a ge m en t, a n d i n cl u d e s sa fety a n d

se cu ri ty tra i n i n g a n d occu p a ti on a l h e a l th

re q u i re m en ts

1 1 . E n su ri n g th a t req u i re d corre cti ve a cti on s

to a d d re ss i d en ti fi ed d e fi ci e n ci e s h a ve

b e e n d e ve l ope d a n d com p l e te d

1 2 . E n su ri n g th a t a pp rop ri a te re -veri fi ca ti on i s

com p l e te d to a d d re ss d efi ci e n ci e s su ch a s

a sce rta i n i n g i n ten d ed resu l ts for th e i te m

of con ce rn ; i ssu e s th a t m a y h a ve b e en

i m p a cted b y th e con ce rn or e l e m en ts of

th e corre cti ve a cti on p l a n ( CAP ) o n ce

com p l e te d

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Member Responsibilities : E a ch ro l e /re sp o n si b i l i ty sh o u l d b e a ssi gn e d to

a n i n d i vi d u a l ; th e i n d i vi d u a l m a y h a ve m ore

th a n on e ro l e /re sp on si b i l i ty.

Testing and Verification Team

Responsibilities:

Te a m l e a d e r sh a l l h a ve u l ti m a te re sp on si b i l i ty Te a m l e a d e r sh ou l d e n su r e th a t tea m

fo r te a m a cti vi ti e s i n cl u d i n g a ssi gn m en t of a ssi gn m e n ts a re m a d e a n d d ocu m e n te d .

te a m rol e s a n d re spon si b i l i ti e s a n d

i n te ra cti on s wi th e n ti ty’ s l e a d ersh i p .

• D e ve l op m e n t o f si te -sp eci fi c te sti n g Se e se cti on 8 , G u i d e l i n e s for I m p l e m e n ti n g

a n d p e rform a n ce -ve ri fi ca ti on SOP Te sti n g a n d Pe rform a n ce-Ve ri fi ca ti on

• Te sti n g a n d p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on

d ocu m en ta ti on

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7 RISK ASSESSMENT
7.1 Risk Assessment Overview for Work with Hazardous Agents/Materials
A com p reh en si ve ri sk a sse ssm e n t i s a n i n te gra l Th e ri sk a sse ssm e n t a n d su b se q u en t

p a rt o f p l a n n i n g, d e si gn , con stru cti on , corre cti ve a cti on p l a n ( CAP ) ( se e Ap p en d i x A)

m a i n ten a n ce , a n d sa fe op e ra ti on o f a n y wi l l e n su re th a t te sti n g a n d veri fi ca ti on

b i ocon ta i n m e n t fa ci l i ty a n d sh a l l b e d on e p ri or p roce d u re s ca n be p e rform e d i n a sa fe a n d

to op en i n g a n e w, or a fte r m od i fi ca ti on s, to a n se cu re m a n n er fo r a l l p erson n e l i n vol ve d .

e xi sti n g fa ci l i ty a n d wh en e ve r a ge n ts,

p roce d u re s, a n d pe rson n e l ch a n ge . Si n ce e a ch fa ci l i ty i s u n i q u e , th e ri sk

a sse ssm e n t sh ou l d b e d esi gn e d to fa ctor i n

th e sp e ci fi c fe a tu re s of ea ch fa ci l i ty. E xa m p l e s

i n cl u d e bu t a re n ot l i m i te d to th e con ta i n m e n t

b ou n d a ri e s, h a za rd ou s m a te ri a l s / b i ol o gi ca l

a ge n ts u sed i n cl u d i n g spe ci fi c re l a te d SOP s,

cu rre n t d e con ta m i n a ti on SOP s, e xi sti n g

b u i l d i n g e n gi n e e ri n g syste m s, e xi sti n g syste m

re d u n d a n ci e s ( i f a n y) , a n d th e fa ci l i ty’ s cu rren t

m a i n ten a n ce p ro gra m . I t sh ou l d a l so i n cl u d e

re vi e w o f a n ti ci p a te d m a n i p u l a ti on s of th e

a ge n ts, a s th a t m i gh t a ffe ct th e m e ch a n i ca l

n e e d s o f th e l a b ora tory.

Th e re su l ts of th e ri sk a sse ssm e n t sh ou l d b e

d ocu m en ted a n d m a i n ta i n e d a s pa rt of th e

p e rm a n e n t re cord of th e fa ci l i ty. Th e

d e fi ci en ci e s th a t a re i d e n ti fi ed i n th e ri sk

a sse ssm e n t sh ou l d b e ca p tu re d i n th e CAP

( se e Ap pe n d i x A) th a t sh ou l d b e u sed i n

tra cki n g re m e d i a l a cti on s. Su cce ssi ve ri sk

a sse ssm e n ts sh ou l d b e pe rform e d u n ti l

re m e d i a l a cti on s a re re sol ve d .

Du ri n g a ri sk a sse ssm e n t, h a za rd s a re

e va l u a te d i n te rm s of th e l i ke l i h ood th a t a

p rob l e m m a y occu r a n d th e d a m a ge a n d /or

co n se q u e n ce s i t wou l d ca u se i f su ch a n e ven t

d i d occu r.

21
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Th e re a re n u m e rou s fa ctors to con si d e r

i n pe rform i n g a ri sk a ssessm e n t ( see

Ap p en d i x B) .

Ri sk a sse ssm e n t a s i t re l a te s to te sti n g a n d A “H a za rd Ri sk M a tri x” ca n be u se d to re cord a

p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on m e th o d o l ogi e s for ri sk ra ti n g for e a ch h a za rd ( se e Ap pe n d i x C) .

ve n ti l a ti on syste m s sh a l l b e p e rform ed b y a

te a m of q u a l i fi ed i n d i vi d u a l s.

Th e fa ci l i ty o rga n i za ti on a n d /or m a n a ge m en t Th e te a m co u l d i n cl u d e th e BSO a s d e fi n ed i n

sh a l l be re sp on si b l e for coord i n a ti n g th e th i s d ocu m e n t, re sp on si b l e fa ci l i ty m a n a ge r or

se l e cti on a n d i n vol ve m en t of a p prop ri a te d i re cto r, ve te ri n a ry sta ff ( ABSL-3 ) , b u i l d i n g

p e rso n n e l for th e ri sk a sse ssm e n t a n d e n gi n ee r, H VAC e n gi n e e r o r oth e r su b j e ct

p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on of H VAC syste m s. sp e ci a l i sts a s a pp ropri a te , a n d m a i n te n a n ce

sta ff a n d se cu ri ty p e rson n e l a s re q u i red .

8 GUIDELINES FOR IMPLEMENTING TESTING AND PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION

8.1 Verification
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Ve ri fi ca ti o n sh a l l b e d on e a ccord i n g to a p re - Th e m a j or e l e m en ts of ve ri fi ca ti on a re :

a p p roved wri tten p l a n th a t fol l o ws a n

a cce p ta b l e m od e l , a n d i t sh a l l b e fu l l y • Ve ri fi ca ti on of d ocu m en ta ti on

d ocu m en ted . • Ve ri fi ca ti on of vi su a l i n spe cti on

• Ve ri fi ca ti on of con fo rm a n ce to re l e va n t

sta n d a rd s

• Ve ri fi ca ti on of p re se n ce ( th a t system s

a re m a i n ta i n e d ) a n d p rop e r op e ra ti on

o f syste m s a n d a sso ci a ted cri ti ca l

com p on en ts

• Ve ri fi ca ti on of te sti n g

Th e ste p s i n ve ri fi ca ti o n a re :

• Vi su a l i n spe cti on , d ocu m e n t re vi e w

• Te sti n g o f a ssu m p ti on s

• Com p a ri son to re l e va n t sta n d a rd s

• I d e n ti fi ca ti on o f d e vi a ti on s from

22
 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

standards and pre-defined acceptance

criteria
• Identifying further need for
conformance with relevant standards

Testing and verification may be done with

internal or external resources. The resources
must exhibit the requisite skills and knowledge
to verify the work being evaluated.

8.2 Documentation

Documentation shall be maintained Documentation for testing and performance -

throughout the testing and verification verification of ventilation systems is a multi-
process. level endeavor. Documentation occurs to
some degree at all points in the process.

Regulatory and legal documentation shall be Decisions should be made about when
kept as a minimum requirement. documentation will begin, the sources of the
documentation, specific documentation that
is needed, the responsible parties for
collecting and maintaining the
documentation, and identification of a
documentation coordinator.
The institution will determine the
documentation confidentiality, security, and
retention duration requirements for all
records and findings.

8.2.1 Required and Recommended Documentation

A plan shall be developed for the testing and The plan for the testing and performance -
performance-verification methodologies for verification methodologies for the
the ventilation system of the facility. ventilation system of the facility should
include:

1. Summary statement regarding the

facility, location, ownership, nature of
operations, extent of testing and

23
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

ve ri fi ca ti on , a n d ce ssa ti on of op e ra ti on s,

i f req u i re d

2. P roj e ct scop e

3. Ro l e s, re spon si b i l i ti e s, a n d q u a l i fi ca ti on s

( se e se cti on 6. 3 ) of i n d i vi d u a l s

p e rform i n g th e te sts

4. Te st p rotocol s a n d a cce pta n ce cri te ri a

for te sti n g a n d p e rform a n ce - ve ri fi ca ti o n

5. Wh e n d ocu m e n ta ti on wi l l b e col l e cted

6. D ocu m en t re te n ti on req u i re m en ts

7. Loca ti on a n d con ta ct i n form a ti on for

re cord re p osi to ry

8. Re l e va n t SOP s

9. D ocu m en ta ti on of ri sk a sse ssm e n ts

1 0. Fi n a l rep ort th a t sh ou l d i n cl u d e:

• D ocu m en ta ti on of te st re su l ts

• M i ti ga ti on req u i rem e n ts a n d

ti m e l i n e for re m ed i a ti on

• Ce rti fi ca te s of ca l i bra ti on of te st

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eq u ipm en t

• Re com m e n d a ti on s

8.2.2 Evidence of Documentation

Ba si c b a ckgro u n d su pp orti n g i n form a ti o n of Su p porti n g d o cu m en ta ti o n a n d re l e va n t

th e con ta i n m en t fa ci l i ty sh a l l be provi d ed for i n form a ti on a re i m p orta n t to e n su re a n

d e ve l op m e n t of th e Te sti n g Pl a n . a ccu ra te te sti n g a n d p erform a n ce -

ve ri fi ca ti on of th e ve n ti l a ti on syste m .

D ocu m en ta ti on sh ou l d be m a i n ta i n e d

cu rre n t to re fl e ct a rch i tectu ra l a n d /or

e n gi n ee ri n g syste m ch a n ge s.

D ocu m en ta ti on sh ou l d be ve ri fi e d a s

cu rre n t, com p l e te , a n d re p re sen ta ti ve of

th e i n te n d e d op e ra ti n g a rra n ge m en ts of

e a ch syste m a s a p p roved b y th e fa ci l i ty

m a n a ge m en t, d e si gn en gi n e e rs,

24
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

re q u i re m en ts o f re vi e wi n g/a pp ro va l

a u th ori ti e s, a n d i n a ccord a n ce wi th th e

cu rre n t ri sk a sse ssm en t.

E xa m p l e s of d ocu m en ts th a t sh ou l d be

m a i n ta i n ed i n cl u d e ( I f a pp l i ca b l e a n d

a va i l a b l e to BSL-3 /ABSL-3 ve n ti l a ti o n ) :

1. Arch i te ctu ra l d ra wi n gs

2. Con ta i n m e n t b o u n d a ri e s

3. BSL-3 ro om a i r l e a ka ge re p ort ( i f

a p p l i ca b l e )

4. M e ch a n i ca l , p l u m b i n g, fi re sa fety, a n d

e l e ctri ca l d ra wi n gs

5. Ai r-b a l a n ce d ra wi n gs

6. Ai rfl ow d i a gra m s

7. Con trol d i a gra m s a n d seq u en ce s of

op e ra ti on

8. Pro gra m o f re q u i re m e n ts ( P O R) , b a si s of

d e si gn ( BO D ) , a n d H VAC-re l e va n t proj e ct

sp e ci fi ca ti on s

• Fa ci l i ti e s m a y n ot a l wa ys h a ve

cu rre n t or com p re h en si ve BOD

d ocu m en ts. I n som e ca se s,

d ocu m en ts m a y n ot h a ve b ee n

u p d a ted to re fl e ct fi n a l

re q u i re m en ts. Proj e ct BOD a n d

con stru cti on d ocu m e n ts sh ou l d n o t

sol e l y b e re l i ed u p on a s com p l ete o r

cu rre n t, b u t m u st b e tem p e red wi th

th e kn owl e d ge a n d e xperi e n ce of

th e fa ci l i ty b i osa fety offi ce r, fa ci l i ty

SOP s, a n d th e ve ri fi ca ti on te a m .

Qu e sti on s or co n ce rn s sh ou l d b e

d i scu sse d wi th fa ci l i ty m a n a ge m en t

to th e e xten t su ch i tem s i m p a ct

com p l e ti on o f ve ri fi ca ti on a cti vi ti e s.

9. Com m i ssi on i n g d ocu m e n ta ti on a n d

p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on s for H VAC

25
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

syste m s a n d re l a ted com p on en t s

• I f com m i ssi on i n g a n d oth e r te sti n g

d ocu m en ta ti on a re n ot a va i l a b l e , th e

fa ci l i ty sh ou l d provi d e a n y

d ocu m en ta ti on a va i l a b l e to fa ci l i ta te

th e te sti n g a n d pe rform a n ce-

ve ri fi ca ti on of th e ve n ti l a ti on

syste m s.

1 0. Te sti n g, a d j u sti n g, a n d ba l a n ce ( TAB)

re p orts

11. De scri p ti on of ope ra ti on a l ch a n ge s,

m od i fi ca ti on s, or a d j u stm e n ts i n

p ra cti ce th a t m a y d i ffe r from th ose

p u b l i sh ed i n re cord d e si gn d o cu m en ts

12. M a i n te n a n ce sch ed u l e s a n d re cord s,

i n cl u d i n g H VAC system s, con trol

syste m s a n d i n stru m e n ta ti on , e l e ctri ca l

a n d sta n d -b y p owe r syste m s

13. Do cu m en ta ti on of a b n orm a l con d i ti on s

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n d re cord andmour
e d syste fa uchats
l ts

1 4. Pe rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on re p orts, i f

a va i l a b l e

15. Fa ci l i ty SOP s

Com m i ssi o n i n g a n d oth er te sti n g

d ocu m en ta ti on sh o u l d be p rovi d ed fo r th e

ve ri fi ca ti on p roce ss. I f th e se d ocu m e n ts a re

n ot a va i l a b l e , th e fa ci l i ty sh o u l d provi d e a n y

d ocu m en ta ti on a va i l a b l e to fa ci l i ta te th e

te sti n g a n d p e rfo rm a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on of th e

ve n ti l a ti on syste m s.

I n a d d i ti on to th e p re vi ou sl y n ote d

com m i ssi on i n g a n d te sti n g d o cu m e n ta ti on ,

th e fo l l owi n g d o cu m en ta ti on ( i f a va i l a b l e )

sh ou l d be p rovi d ed for syste m s i n cl u d i n g ( i f

a p p l i ca b l e a n d a va i l a b l e to BSL-3 /ABSL-3

ve n ti l a ti on ) :

26
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

1. Su p p l y a i r syste m s

2. E xh a u st a i r syste m s

3. H E P A fi l te r syste m s

4. Fu m e h ood ( i f a pp l i ca b l e)

5. Bi osa fe ty ca b i n ets a n d oth e r p ri m a ry

con ta i n m e n t d e vi ce s

6. H u m i d i fi e rs

7. Ch i l l e d wa te r/h e a ti n g h ot wa te r

syste m s

8. Ste a m a n d co n d e n sa te syste m s

9. Su p p l y a n d e xh a u st a i r va l ve s

1 0. La b /vi va ri u m room te m pe ra tu re /

p re ssu re co n trol syste m

11. An i m a l ca ge ra cks

12. Bu i l d i n g a u to m a ti on syste m s ( BAS)

( con trol se q u e n ce s, gra ph i cs, a n d

a l a rm rep orti n g)

13. D u ctwork a n d i sol a ti o n d a m p e rs

1 4. Fu m i ga n t i n j e cti on system s a n d po rts

( i f a va i l a b l e )

15. H e a t re cove ry syste m s

1 6. Co n tro l a i r com p re sso rs for

ve n ti l a ti on con trol

17. Va ri a b l e fre q u e n cy d ri ves ( VFDs)

1 8. E m e rge n cy p owe r system s

19. E vi d e n ce th a t com p on e n t te sti n g,

fu n cti on a l pe rform a n ce te sti n g a n d

i n te gra ted syste m te sti n g h a ve b e en

com p l e te d a fte r con stru cti on a n d

a fte r e a ch ti m e syste m s a re m od i fi e d

8.2.3 Ventilation-Testing Documentation Verification

Co n fi rm th a t d o cu m e n ta ti on re su l ti n g from To en su re th a t th e ven ti l a ti on syste m fo r

th e te sti n g a n d pe rfo rm a n ce -ve ri fi ca ti on of th e l a b ora tory fa ci l i ty i s p rope rl y

th e ve n ti l a ti on syste m h a s p rovi d e d th e d ocu m en ted a n d a va i l a bl e for ve ri fi ca ti on

a p p rop ri a te i n fo rm a ti on . b y a u th ori ti e s a n d to se rve a s a b a se l i n e for

fu tu re te st com p a ri son s, th e fo l l owi n g

27
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

d ocu m en ts sh ou l d b e veri fi e d ( i f a p p l i ca b l e

a n d a va i l a b l e ) :

1. N orm a l a n d red u ced a i r-ch a n ge ra te s

to em e rgen cy or en e rgy- sa vi n g pe r

co n ta i n m e n t room or zon e a s

con fi rm ed from TAB repo rts a n d

b u i l d i n g a u tom a ti on a i rfl ow re p orts

2. D i re cti on a l a i rfl ows p rod u ce d o n

d e si gn d ocu m e n ts a cross a l l

d oorwa ys su p p orti n g con ta i n m e n t

zon e s

3. Pre ssu re d i ffere n ti a l va l u e s fo r

n orm a l a n d fa i l u re m od es a cross e a ch

co n ta i n m e n t p e ri m ete r d oo r

4. Te st re su l ts of sm o ke te sti n g for

n orm a l op era ti on of a l l con ta i n m en t

p e ri m ete r d o ors a n d l a rge

co n ta i n m e n t tra n sfe r d evi ce s su ch a s

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a u tocl aGroup
ve s a nand
d p aour chats
ss-th rou gh ca bi n ets

5. Te st re su l ts of pre ssu re d i ffe re n ti a l

tre n d i n g l ogs ( i f a va i l a b l e) of n orm a l

a n d fa i l u re m od e te sti n g, i n cl u d i n g

e l e ctri ca l system s fa i l u re te sts

6. Te st re su l ts of BAS con trol a l a rm s

d u ri n g te sti n g of ve n ti l a ti on syste m ;

ve ri fyi n g th a t i n -room con ta i n m e n t

p e ri m ete r a cce ss p oi n ts a n d re m ote

a l a rm s a re worki n g

7. H i gh -e ffi ci e n cy p a rti cu l a te a i r ( H E P A)

fi l te r / h ou si n g te st rep orts of

e ffi ci en cy, ti gh tn e ss, a n d stru ctu ra l

i n te gri ty

8. D u ctwo rk th a t i s con si d ere d p a rt of

th e se con d a ry ba rri e r ti gh tn e ss te st

re p orts

9. BSL-3 /ABSL-3 ro om a i r l ea ka ge re p ort

( i f a pp l i ca b l e )

28
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

1 0. Bi osa fe ty ca b i n et s a n d oth e r p ri m a ry

co n ta i n m e n t d e vi ce s th a t d i re ctl y

i n te ra ct wi th th e ve n ti l a ti on system s

su ch a s te st re su l ts a n d ce rti fi ca te s

11. Ca p tu re ve l oci ti e s for b en ch swe e p s,

ca n op i e s, a n d sn orke l s i n si d e

con ta i n m e n t

12. Te st re su l ts of d e vi ce s su ch a s

d own d ra ft ta b l e s a n d ven ti l a ti on

p a ss-th rou gh d e vi ce s

13. Te st re su l ts of room d e con ta m i n a ti on

syste m s th a t i n te gra te wi th th e

ve n ti l a ti on syste m s ( i f a pp l i ca b l e )

1 4. Te ch n i ca l su pp ort a rea ve n ti l a ti on

te sts fo r d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow a n d H E P A

fi l tra ti on effi ci en cy ( i f a pp l i ca b l e )

15. Con trol i n stru m e n ta ti on ca l i b ra ti on

re cord s

8.3 Visual Inspection of Ventilation and Related Systems

Th e vi su a l i n sp e cti on m eth od s a n d re su l ts Vi su a l i n sp e cti on i s con d u cte d to co n fi rm

sh a l l be pe rform ed a n d d ocu m e n te d a s p a rt a n n u a l te sti n g req u i re m e n ts a n d to pre p a re

of th e p erform a n ce -veri fi ca ti on p roce ss for th e fa ci l i ty for form a l i n sp e cti on s b y

th e ve n ti l a ti on syste m . re gu l a tory a u th ori ti e s o r th e a u th o ri ti e s

h a vi n g j u ri sd i cti on ( AH J ) .

Vi su a l i n sp e cti on i s con d u cte d a s p a rt o f th e

p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on p roce ss.

Th e i n sp e cti o n p ro ce ss, a n d th e fre q u e n cy

a n d m e th od of i n sp e cti on a re d ete rm i n ed

b y l oca l ri sk a sse ssm en ts or re gu l a tory ( e . g. ,

Fe d e ra l Se l e ct Agen t P rogra m

re q u i re m en ts) .

29
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

8.3.1 Visual Inspection and Evaluation of Engineering Controls

The verification process shall include review In general, verification can be completed
and visual inspection of ventilation system by:
installation, including conformance with the • Inspection in field
requirements of applicable standards, the • Review of as-built drawings and
risk assessment, and any additional BOD
requirements necessary for proper operation • Review of documentation of most
and maintenance of the ventilation system. recent tests
• Review of equipment certifications
• Review of daily charts/graphs or
review of BAS

Review of documents only should not be

considered as a substitute for visual
inspection of apparent conformance in the
field.

At a minimum, verify the following:

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1. Verify no recirculation of room or
equipment air to areas outside the
containment area
• Verification may be
accomplished via review of
current as-built drawings
2. Air change rates: Measure and
calculate
• Verification may be
accomplished via review of
current certified TAB report
3. Directional airflow: Inspect and
compare to design
• Verification may be
accomplished by inspection of
pressure-indicating devices at
doors or via smoke tests at doors
and comparing to as-built

30
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

d ra wi n gs

4. Pre ssu ri za ti on con trol s

• Ve ri fi ca ti on m a y be

a cco m p l i sh e d b y re vi e w o f a s-

b u i l t d ra wi n gs

5. Fi l tra ti on : Ve ri fy a n d com p a re to

re q u i re m en ts

• Ve ri fi ca ti on m a y be

a ccom p l i sh e d b y vi su a l i n sp e cti on

i n fi e l d a n d re vi e w o f te sti n g

ve ri fi ca ti on

6. E q u i p m e n t re d u n d a n cy ( wh e re

a p p l i ca b l e )

• Ve ri fi ca ti on m a y be

a ccom p l i sh e d b y i n spe cti on i n

fi e l d a n d re vi e w of re ce n t te sti n g

a n d com m i ssi on i n g

d ocu m en ta ti on n oti n g a va i l a b l e

syste m ca p a ci ty a n d red u n d a n cy

7. Sta n d b y p owe r: Ve ri fy a n d co m p a re

to d e si gn

• Ve ri fi ca ti on m a y be

a ccom p l i sh e d b y i n spe cti on i n

fi e l d a n d re vi e w of re ce n t

ge n e ra tor te sti n g a n d

com m i ssi on i n g d ocu m e n ts n oti n g

p e rform a n ce of m e ch a n i ca l

syste m s wi th sta n d b y p owe r

8. Powe r fa i l u re re su l ts from u n p l a n n ed

ou ta ge s a n d i m p a ct on BSL-3 /ABSL-3

ve n ti l a ti o n

• Ve ri fy BAS tren d l ogs, a l a rm s, a n d

co n tro l s for th e ou ta ge pe ri od a n d

p owe r re sto ra ti on on pre ssu re a n d

d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow m e a su re m en ts

9. I n stru m e n ta ti on a ccu ra cy a n d

ca l i b ra ti on fo r cri ti ca l d evi ce s

1 0. I n te rl ocks

31
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

• Ve ri fy a p p rop ri a te ope ra ti o n of

se q u en ce s a n d softwa re i n te rl ocks

a n d h a rd wa re i n te rl o cks for

cri ti ca l fu n cti o n s

8.3.2 Visual Inspection and Evaluation of Architectural Features

Th e veri fi ca ti on p ro ce ss sh a l l i n cl u d e a n Th e veri fi ca ti on p roce ss sh ou l d ve ri fy zon e s

i n sp e cti on of sp a ce con fi gu ra ti on a n d of con ta i n m e n t ri sk l e ve l s a n d b a si c

a d j a ce n ci e s a s th e y rel a te to ve n ti l a ti on ve n ti l a ti on stra te gi e s. Asse ss l oca ti on of

stra te gi e s for con ta i n m en t a n d d i re cti on a l BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b s i n re l a ti on to oth e r zon e s

a i rfl ow a n d com p a re to d e si gn sp e ci fi ca ti on s. su ch a s BSL-2 su p p ort l a b s, offi ce s a n d

b re a k room s, e l e va to rs, l oa d i n g d ocks, etc.

for e ffe cts on l a b ora to ry p re ssu ri za ti o n a n d

a i rfl o w.

Acce ss to th e l a bora tory sh o u l d be th rou gh

a se ri e s of two se l f-cl osi n g i n te rl ocke d

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d oors.

Asse ss th e l oca ti o n of b i o sa fe ty ca b i n e ts

( BSCs) , fu m e h ood s a n d d oo rs i n re l a ti on to

a i r fl ow a n d ca ptu re vel oci ti e s fro m su p pl y

d i ffu se rs a n d e xh a u st gri l l e s.

Asse ss p e rson n e l tra ffi c p a tte rn s to

m i n i m i ze i n fl u e n ce of fa ce ve l oci ty

d i stu rb a n ce i n re l a ti on to fu m e h ood s a n d

BSCs.

Vi su a l l y i n sp e ct th e l oca ti o n of a cce ssi b l e

cri ti ca l ve n ti l a ti o n co m po n e n ts to con fi rm n o

a p p a ren t con d i ti on wh i ch wou l d l i ke l y po se

ri sk of d a m a ge o r m a l fu n cti o n , ( e . g. , ch e m i ca l

stora ge h a za rd s, p rob a b i l i ty o f m e ch a n i ca l

d a m a ge , se cu ri ty con ce rn , or i m p rop erl y

p rote cted fi re , en vi ron m e n ta l , or wa te r

d a m a ge ri sk) .

32
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Th e i n te gri ty of a l l su rfa ce s, p en e tra ti on s a n d P rop erl y se a l ed l a b ora tory su rfa ce s ( wa l l s,

se a l s on th e con ta i n m en t pe ri m ete r sh a l l b e fl oors, a n d ce i l i n gs) a re esse n ti a l to

vi su a l l y i n spe cted . m a i n ta i n con trol l e d d i recti on a l a i rfl ow a n d

ve n ti l a ti on syste m p e rform a n ce . Room

P e n etra ti on se a l s sh a l l be re a d i l y vi si b l e l e a ka ge or ti gh tn e ss i s a l so cri ti ca l wh en

( wh e n a pp l i ca b l e ) for i n sp e cti on , cl e a n i n g, ga se ou s fu m i ga n ts a re u se d for

a n d m a i n te n a n ce . d e co n ta m i n a ti on . E xa m pl e s of e l e m e n ts to

i n sp e ct i n cl u d e :

P e n etra ti n g com p on e n ts sh a l l b e su ffi ci e n tl y

ri gi d i n con stru cti on to m a i n ta i n th e i n te gri ty 1. Op e ra ti on a l co n d i ti on of d oors, d oor

o f th e p en etra ti on se a l . ga ske ts, a n d th re sh ol d s

2. Wi n d ows on con ta i n m e n t pe ri m ete r

wa l l a re n on -op era b l e a n d se a l ed -i n -

p l a ce typ e con stru cti on

3. Pa ss-th ro u gh eq u i p m en t for l e a k

ti gh tn e ss, b i o-se a l , etc.

4. Do u b l e -d oor a u tocl a ve fl a n ge b i o-se a l

5. Pi p i n g a n d e l e ctri ca l wa l l or ce i l i n g

p e n etra ti on s i n cl u d i n g fi re sp ri n kl e rs

6. Se a l s a rou n d l i gh t fi xtu res,

re ce p ta cl e s, d i ffu se rs, a n d gri l l e s

7. Se a l i n g o f e l e ctri ca l a n d

com m u n i ca ti on /d a ta wi re s wi th i n

con d u i t

8. Com p on en ts m ou n te d to wa l l s a n d

ce i l i n gs

8.3.3 Visual Inspection of Directional Airflow

I n th e e ve n t th a t m u l ti pl e con ta i n m e n t zon e s I n wa rd d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow i s e sta b l i sh ed b y

e xi st i n se ri e s wi th i n a l a b ora tory or d ra wi n g a i r i n to th e con ta i n m e n t sp a ce

l a b ora to ry su i te , th e a i r sh a l l fl ow from on e from cl e a n a re a s to wa rd p oten ti a l l y

sp a ce to th e n e xt, towa rd s th e sp a ce wi th th e con ta m i n a ted a re a s ( e xce p t a s d e term i n ed

h i gh e st po ten ti a l for con ta m i n a ti on . Th i s wi l l b y sp e ci fi c si te con d i ti on s su ch a s cl e a n

cre a te seq u e n ti a l l y m ore n e ga ti ve room roo m /con ta i n m e n t sp a ce s) .

p re ssu re s.

D i re cti on a l a i rfl ow i s d epe n d en t on th e

33
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

op e ra ti o n a l i n te gri ty of th e l a b ora to ry’ s

H VAC syste m a n d a sso ci a te d con tro l s.

H VAC syste m s sh ou l d b e ca re fu l l y

m on i tore d a n d h a ve p e ri od i c m a i n ten a n ce

p e rform ed to su sta i n o pe ra ti on a l i n te gri ty.

Loss of d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow com p rom i se s

sa fe l a b ora tory op e ra ti on .

D e vi ce s u sed to veri fy a i rfl ow d i re cti on sh a l l A m e a n s for u se rs to ve ri fy a i rfl ow d i re cti on

b e i n sp e cte d for fu n cti on , vi si b i l i ty, a n d sh ou l d be p re se n t. M on i to rs sh ou l d b e

cl a ri ty o f com m u n i ca ti o n for th e BSL-3 / p ro vi d ed , b oth a t th e ou te r e n try of th e

ABSL-3 u sers. Wh e re th e d e vi ce s a re BSL-3 /ABSL-3 su i te ( e . g. , b e fore en te ri n g

i n te gra ted i n to th e H VAC co n trol system , th e a n te roo m ) a n d a t i n te ri or d o ors, b a sed

com m u n i ca ti o n o f a l a rm i n form a ti on to th e on th e fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm e n t ( e . g. , a t

con trol syste m sh a l l b e d e m on stra ted . Ti m e i n te ri or l a b d oors or m a j or con ta i n m e n t

d e l a ys a ssoci a te d wi th con ta i n m en t sp a ce b o u n d a ri e s) . Th e m o n i tors sh o u l d b e

a l a rm s sh a l l b e ve ri fi e d . m ou n te d so th e y a re vi si b l e wh en en te ri n g

th e room s. Th e se a re typi ca l l y i n sta l l ed on

th e cl e a n er si d e pri or to e n teri n g th e

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con ta i n m e n t Group
sp a ce . and our chats

I n th e e ve n t of l oss of d i re cti on a l a i rfl o w, Al a rm i n d i ca ti on sh ou l d b e l oca te d i n si d e

p e rson n e l i n th e con ta i n m e n t sp a ce sh a l l b e th e l a b ora tory sp a ce ( s) , a t th e e n tra n ce of

n o ti fi e d of su ch con d i ti on vi a a u d i b l e a n d /or th e l a b ora tory su i te , a n d a t th e re m o te

vi su a l a l a rm s. n oti fi ca ti on l oca ti on .

D i re cti on a l a i rfl ow for th e e n ti re l a bora tory Th e p re sen ce of a t l e a st two se l f-cl osi n g

su i te a s a syste m m u st be e va l u a ted for b oth d oors i n seri e s i s a fu n d a m e n ta l m e ch a n i sm

n o rm a l op era ti on s a n d syste m fa i l u re s, ta ki n g to a ch i e ve ove ra l l d i re cti o n a l a i rfl ow i n a

i n to a ccou n t th e p re se n ce of a n te roo m s o r BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b or su i te. Th e op era ti on o f

oth er d ou b l e -d o or co n fi gu ra ti on s. Door th e d oors sh o u l d be ve ri fi e d to con fi rm th a t

op e ra ti o n s sh a l l b e i n sp ecte d for a b i l i ty to b oth ( o r a l l ) th e d oors i n se ri e s a re n ot

m a i n ta i n d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow. o p e n e d si m u l ta n eou sl y. I f m e ch a n i ca l

i n te rl ocks a re n ot p re se n t, fa ci l i ty SOP s

sh ou l d req u i re th a t m u l ti p l e d oors a re n ot

o p e n e d si m u l ta n eou sl y.

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

I n sp e cti on sh ou l d i n cl u d e :

1. E n su ri n g th a t d oors a u tom a ti ca l l y

cl ose a n d l a tch

2. Ch e cki n g fu n cti on of d oor i n te rl ock

syste m s or fa ci l i ty SOP s a s a p p rop ri a te

3. Ch e cki n g th e d i sta n ce betwe e n

e n tra n ce d oo rs from th e a n te room ,

m a ki n g su re th e d i sta n ce i s a d e q u a te

for d oo r o pe ra ti on . Ad d i ti on a l l y, th e

sp a ce b etwe e n i n te rl ocke d d oors

sh o u l d be ve ri fi ed fo r th e a b i l i ty to

m ove l a rge p i e ce s of e q u i p m e n t

4. Ch e cki n g th e e m e rge n cy ove r-ri d e s

( re l e a se ) of d oo r i n te rl ock i n

e m e rge n cy e gre ss si tu a ti on s

I f m e ch a n i ca l i n te rl ocks a re p re se n t, op en

a n d cl ose d oors i n a l l possi b l e seq u en ce s.

E n su re th a t d e l a y se t-p oi n ts a re ti gh t

e n ou gh to p re cl u d e i n a d ve rte n t ove r-ri d e

o f i n terl ock syste m s.

8.3.4 Visual Inspection of Exhaust Air System

Vi su a l i n sp e cti on o f th e exh a u st a i r syste m Su gge sted ve ri fi ca ti on a n d vi su a l i n spe cti on

sh a l l i n cl u d e a n a sse ssm e n t o f th e m a j or m e th od s a re p rovi d e d h e re . Al te rn a te l y, for

fe a tu re s of th e e xh a u st a i r syste m e a ch p i e ce of eq u i p m en t i n th e syste m ,

a rra n ge m en t a n d i n sta l l a ti on . m a n u fa ctu re r’ s p re ven ti ve m a i n te n a n ce

ch e ckl i st m a y be u se d to com p l e te th e

vi su a l i n sp e cti on re q u i rem e n ts.

I n sp e cti on sh ou l d i n cl u d e th e fol l owi n g:

1. E xh a u st a i r d i sch a rge sta ck l oca ti on a n d

ve l o ci ti e s sh ou l d b e su ch th a t e xh a u st

a i r i s d i sp e rsed a wa y from o ccu p i ed

a re a s a n d b u i l d i n g a i r i n ta ke s, or

ve ri fi e d b y ri sk a sse ssm en t a n d wi n d -

35
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

wa ke a n a l ysi s . Ve l oci ty sh ou l d b e eq u a l

to or gre a te r th a n th a t n ote d i n th e

m ost re ce n t ve rsi on of proj e ct

d ocu m en ta ti on l i ste d i n se cti o n 8. 2 .

• Ve ri fi ca ti o n of sta ck d i sch a rge

ve l oci ty m a y b e p e rform e d b y

re vi e w of sta ck a i rfl ow fro m cu rren t

TAB re p ort a n d d i a m e te r of sta ck

o u tl e t, sta ck ve l oci ty sen sors, or fa n

a i rfl o w sen sors i n com b i n a ti on wi th

sta ck d i sch a rge ou tl e t d i a m e te r

2. Cod e m a n d a te d m i n i m u m d i sta n ce

b e twe en e xh a u st a i r d i sch a rge a n d

o u tsi d e a i r i n ta ke , op e ra b l e wi n d o ws,

d oors, a n d oth e r bu i l d i n g o p en i n gs or

o ccu p i e d a re a s, for re-e n tra i n m e n t or

a i rstre a m e xp o su re p oten ti a l .

• Ve ri fi ca ti o n m a y be con d u cte d i n

fi e l d a n d a ssi ste d b y re vi e w of a s-

b u i l t d ra wi n gs

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3.
Sharing Group and our chats
La b o ra tory e xh a u st sta ck te rm i n a ti on

h e i gh t sh o u l d be ve ri fi ed to con form to

a p p l i ca b l e sta n d a rd s.

• Ve ri fi ca ti o n m a y be con d u cte d i n

fi e l d a n d a ssi ste d b y re vi e w of a s-

b u i l t d ra wi n gs

4. Ve ri fy p re sen ce a n d op era ti on ( i f

p o ssi b l e ) of i n te rl o ck be twe e n su p p l y

a n d e xh a u st a i r syste m s.

• Ve ri fi ca ti o n m a y be con d u cte d b y

re vi e w of co n trol seq u e n ce s i n BAS

a n d re vi e w of com m i ssi on i n g re p ort

5. Ve ri fy th a t ra i n wa te r ca n n ot

a ccu m u l a te i n e xh a u st fa n h o u si n g.

• Ve ri fi ca ti on m a y be con d u cte d i n

fi e l d or b y re vi e w of a s-bu i l t

d ra wi n gs i n d i ca ti n g fa n s offset from

sta ck or vi a fa n h ou si n gs a re

p ro vi d ed wi th d ra i n s

36
 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

6. Termi nal exhaust filters, if present.

• Verify integrity of filters and seals

Primary exhaust air equipment condition and Visual inspection should include:
operation shall be assessed by visual
1. Exhaust discharge stack
inspection.
• Verify in field for stack condition,
stability, supports, etc.
2. Exhaust fan and fan housing
• Verify in field fan condition,
corrosion, supports, abnormal
vibrations, condition of flexible duct
connections, etc.
3. Motor
• Verify in field for condition,
corrosion, supports, abnormal
vibrations, etc.
4. Belts
• Check for proper quantities,
alignment, and tension; check
maintenance records and logs
5. Belt guard
• Check for presence of belt guard
6. Bearings
• Check for abnormal noise; check
maintenance records and logs for
lubrication
7. Motor operating temperatures within
equipment specifications
• Check maintenance records and logs
8. Dampers and control
• Check for condition of dampers,
corrosion of damper components,
condition of actuators, linkages,
wiring and/or pneumatic tubing to
actuators, etc.
9. Heat recovery coils, filters, and controls
• Check condition of coils for

37
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

corro si o n , l e a ks a n d cl e a n l i n e ss

• Ch e ck fi l te rs for cl e a n l i n e ss a n d

p re ssu re d rop a n d re vi ew

m a i n ten a n ce l ogs

• Ch e ck for con d i ti on of d a m p e rs;

corrosi on of d a m p e r com p on e n ts;

con d i ti o n of a ctu a tors, l i n ka ge s,

wi ri n g, a n d /or pn e u m a ti c tu b i n g to

a ctu a tors, etc.

1 0. VFD s a n d m otor con trol s

• Ch e ck for p rop e r i n sta l l a ti on i n

a p p rop ri a te N a ti on a l E l ectri ca l

M a n u fa ctu re rs Associ a ti o n ( N EM A)

e n cl osu re

• Ch e ck for op e ra ti on wi th i n ra n ge of

n a m e p l a te fu l l -l o a d cu rre n t

• Ch e ck for p o we r a n d con trol wi ri n g

i n sta l l ed i n ra ce wa ys a n d p rote cted

from p h ysi ca l d a m a ge

Get more FREE standards from Standard Sharing Group and our chats
1 1 . D u ct su pp orts a n d con n ecti on s

• Ve ri fy th a t d u ctwork i s su p porte d a t

p rope r i n te rva l s to p re ven t fa i l u re o r

d a m a ge to d u ctwork

1 2 . D i l u ti on a i r d a m pe rs ( i f a p p l i ca b l e )

• Ch e ck for con d i ti on of d a m p e rs;

corro si o n of d a m p e r com p on e n ts;

con d i ti o n of a ctu a tors, l i n ka ge s,

wi ri n g, a n d /or pn e u m a ti c tu b i n g to

a ctu a tors, etc.

1 3 . E xh a u st H E P A fi l te r h ou si n gs a n d fi l ters

( wh e re p rovi d ed ) ( re fer to se cti on 8. 3 . 8,

Vi su a l I n sp e cti on o f H i gh -E ffi ci e n cy

P a rti cu l a te Ai r ( H E P A) Fi l te rs)

1 4. E xh a u st b i o-se a l d a m p e rs

• Ch e ck for con d i ti on of d a m p e rs

( i n cl u d i n g i n te gri ty of sea l s) ;

corrosi on of d a m p e r com p on e n ts,

fl a n ge s, a n d con n e cti on s; ga ske ts

38
 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

for visible damage ; condition of

actuators, linkages, wiring, and/or
pneumatic tubing to actuators, etc.
15. Proper access for equipment and
system maintenance
• Verify in field
• Verify that the areas that house the
HVAC and electrical equipment are
ventilated for proper operation of
the equipment

Accessible portions of exhaust air ductwork, Visual inspection should include:

distribution components, and room
1. Exhaust ductwork construction
connections shall be assessed for integrity by
materials, joining methods, gaskets,
visual inspection.
seals, etc.
• Verify that the installation meets
the project BOD and specification
requirements. Inspect accessible
elements of ductwork for evidence
of corrosion, damage, or impending
leakage
2. Segments of exhaust ductwork intended
for gaseous decontamination should be
of gas-tight construction. If an air valve
is installed in these duct segments, SOPs
should require bagging and taping or
other appropriate procedures to avoid
leakage of decontamination gases to
surrounding spaces. Typically, gas-tight
duct construction is provided by fully
welded construction. All un-welded
components such as air valves in these
duct sections should be fully accessible
for bagging prior to decontamination.
3. Exhaust air valves, actuators, and
control wiring/tubing
• Check for condition of air-valve

39
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

a sse m b l y ; corrosi on of h ou si n g ;

con d i ti o n of a ctu a tors, l i n ka ge s,

wi ri n g, a n d /or pn e u m a ti c tu b i n g to

a ctu a tors, etc.

4. E xh a u st b i o-se a l d a m p e rs ( wh e re

p ro vi d ed )

• Ch e ck for con d i ti on of d a m p e rs;

corro si o n of d a m p e r com p on e n ts,

fl a n ge s, a n d con n e cti on s; ga ske ts

for vi si b l e d a m a ge ; con d i ti o n of

a ctu a tors, l i n ka ge s, wi ri n g, a n d /or

p n eu m a ti c tu b i n g to a ctu a tors, etc.

5. Con ti n u ou s se a l b etwe en d u ctwork a n d

th e room e xh a u st gri l l e

• Ve ri fy d u ri n g i n i ti a l i n sta l l a ti on a n d

m a i n ta i n wri tten /ph oto-

d ocu m en ta ti on for re cord s

6. I n su l a ti on re q u i re m en ts fo r d u ctwork

th a t i s e xp ose d to i n cl e m e n t we a th e r

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Sharing Group
e re th e rm a l dand our
i ffe re chats
n ce s ca n ca u se

con d en sa ti on

• Ve ri fi ca ti o n sh ou l d b e con d u cte d i n

fi e l d a n d sh ou l d i n cl u d e i n sp e cti on

o f we tted su rfa ce s a n d i n su l a ti on

7. M a ke su re a n y se cti on of p re ssu ri zed

e xh a u st d u ctwork i s n ot i n sta l l ed i n

e n cl ose d a re a s n e a r a i r-h a n d l i n g u n i t

( AH U ) i n ta ke s

8. P e ri od i ca l l y i n spe ct fl e xi b l e d u ct

con n e cti on s i n p osi ti ve -pre ssu re

e xh a u st d u cts l o ca te d i n e n cl ose d

sp a ce s

8.3.5 Visual Inspection of Supply Air System

M a j or fe a tu re s of th e su p p l y a i r syste m Su gge sted ve ri fi ca ti on a n d vi su a l i n spe cti on

a rra n ge m en t a n d i n sta l l a ti on sh a l l b e m e th od s a re p rovi d e d h e re . Al te rn a te l y, for

40
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

a sse sse d b y vi su a l i n sp e cti on . e a ch p i e ce of eq u i p m en t i n th e syste m , th e

m a n u fa ctu re r’ s p re ven ti ve m a i n te n a n ce

ch e ckl i st m a y be u se d to com p l e te th e

vi su a l i n sp e cti on re q u i rem e n ts.

Vi su a l i n sp e cti on sh ou l d i n cl u d e

ob se rva ti on th a t th e fol l owi n g com p on en ts

a re p re se n t a n d i n good op e ra ti n g

co n d i ti on :

1. Ou tsi d e a i r i n ta ke l ou ve r

• Ve ri fy for re -e n tra i n m e n t,

cl e a n l i n e ss a n d se cu ri ty a s n ote d

a b ove

2. Fi l te rs

• Ch e ck fi l te rs for cl e a n l i n e ss a n d

p re ssu re d rop a n d re vi ew

m a i n ten a n ce l ogs

3. Coi l s a n d co n trol s

• Ch e ck con d i ti on of coi l s for

co rrosi on , l e a ks, a n d cl ea n l i n e ss

• Ch e ck con d i ti on o f con trol va l ve

a ctu a tors, l i n ka ge s, wi ri n g, a n d /or

p n eu m a ti c tu b i n g to a ctu a tors, etc.

4. H u m i d i fi e rs a n d con trol s

• Ch e ck con d i ti on of h u m i d i fi e rs for

co rrosi on , l e a ks, a n d cl ea n l i n e ss

• Ch e ck fo r vi si b l e con d en sa ti on on

su rfa ce s ( l a ck of a b sorpti o n )

• Ch e ck con d i ti on of co n tro l va l ve

a ctu a tors, l i n ka ge s, wi ri n g, a n d /or

p n eu m a ti c tu b i n g to a ctu a tors, etc.

5. Su p p l y fa n s

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d fa n con d i ti on ,

co rrosi on , su pp orts, a b n orm a l

vi b ra ti on s, con d i ti o n of fl e xi b l e d u ct

co n n e cti on s, e tc.

6. M oto r

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d for con d i ti o n ,

41
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

co rrosi on , su pp orts, a b n orm a l

vi b ra ti on s, etc.

7. Be l ts

• Ch e ck for p rop e r q u a n ti ti e s

a l i gn m e n t a n d ten si on

• Ch e ck m a i n ten a n ce re cord s a n d

l ogs

8. Be l t gu a rd s

• Ch e ck for p re sen ce of b el t gu a rd

9. Be a ri n gs

• Ch e ck fo r a b n orm a l n oi se

• Ch e ck m a i n ten a n ce re cord s a n d

l ogs for l u b ri ca ti on

1 0. M oto r-op e ra ti n g te m p e ra tu re s wi th i n

e q u i p m e n t sp e ci fi ca ti on s

• Ch e ck m a i n ten a n ce re cord s a n d

l ogs

1 1 . VFD s a n d m o tor con trol s

• Ch e ck fo r p rop e r i n sta l l a ti on i n
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a p p rop ri a te N E M A en cl osu re

• Ch e ck for op e ra ti on wi th i n ra n ge of

n a m e p l a te fu l l l o a d cu rre n t

• Ch e ck for p o we r a n d con trol wi ri n g

i n sta l l ed i n ra ce wa ys a n d p rote cted

from p h ysi ca l d a m a ge

1 2 . Da m p ers a n d Con trol s

• Ch e ck fo r con d i ti o n of d a m p e rs,

co rrosi on of d a m p e r com p on e n ts,

co n d i ti on of a ctu a to rs, l i n ka ge s,

wi ri n g, a n d /o r pn e u m a ti c tu b i n g to

a ctu a tors, etc.

1 3 . Du ct su pp o rts a n d con n ecti on s

• Ve ri fy th a t d u ctwork i s su p porte d a t

p rope r i n te rva l s to p re ven t fa i l u re

or d a m a ge to d u ctwork

1 4. Su p p l y H E P A fi l te r h ou si n gs a n d fi l ters,

wh e re provi d ed ( refe r to se cti o n 8. 3 . 8,

Vi su a l I n sp e cti on of H i gh -E ffi ci e n cy

42
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Pa rti cu l a te Ai r ( H E P A) Fi l te rs )

1 5 . Su p p l y b i o-se a l d a m p e rs, wh e re

p rovi d ed

• Ch e ck for con d i ti on of d a m p e rs;

co rrosi on of d a m p e r com p on e n ts,

fl a n ge s, a n d con n e cti o n s; ga ske ts

for vi si b l e d a m a ge ; con d i ti on of

a ctu a tors, l i n ka ge s, wi ri n g, a n d /or

p n eu m a ti c tu b i n g to a ctu a tors, etc.

1 6. Pro p er a cce ss for eq u i pm e n t a n d

syste m m a i n ten a n ce

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d

1 7. Ve ri fy th a t th e a re a s th a t h ou se th e

H VAC a n d e l e ctri ca l e q u i p m e n t a re

ve n ti l a te d for p ro pe r ope ra ti on of th e

eq u ipm en t

1 8. Ou tsi d e a i r i n ta ke s for re-e n tra i n m e n t

p oten ti a l

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d th a t req u i re d

m i n i m u m d i sta n ce s a re provi d e d

b e twe en ou tsi d e a i r i n ta ke a n d l a b

e xh a u st, b oi l e r e xh a u st, cool i n g

towe rs, gen e ra tors, l o a d i n g d ocks,

p l u m b i n g ven ts, va cu u m p u m p

d i sch a rge , e tc.

1 9 . Ou tsi d e a i r i n ta ke

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d for cl e a n l i n e ss, sn ow

b u i l d -u p , sta n d i n g wa te r i n vi ci n i ty,

b l ocka ge of scre e n s a n d l ou ve rs,

e tc.

2 0. Ou tsi d e a i r-i n ta ke se cu ri ty m e a su re s

• Ve ri fy th a t se cu ri ty m e a su re s b a se d

on ri sk a sse ssm en t a re i n p l a ce

wh e re th e a i r-i n ta ke l ou ve rs a re

p rote cted from p ote n ti a l i n cu rsi on s

of u n a u th ori ze d p e rson n e l ( e . g. ,

se cu re d gri l l e s)

2 1 . Ve ri fy p re sen ce a n d o p era ti on ( i f

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

p ossi b l e ) o f i n te rl ock be twe e n su p p l y

a n d e xh a u st a i r syste m

• Ve ri fi ca ti on m a y be con d u cte d b y

re vi e w o f con trol seq u e n ce s i n BAS

a n d re vi e w of com m i ssi on i n g re p ort

2 2 . Ve ri fy i n su l a ti on req u i rem e n ts for

d u ctwork i n cl u d i n g d u ctwork e xte rn a l l y

l oca te d th a t i s e xpo se d to i n cl e m e n t

we a th e r wh e re th e rm a l d i ffe ren ce s ca n

ca u se co n d e n sa ti on

• Ve ri fi ca ti on sh ou l d b e con d u cte d i n

fi e l d a n d sh ou l d i n cl u d e i n sp e cti on

of we tted su rfa ce s a n d i n su l a ti on

a n d su rfa ce s

P ri m a ry su p p l y a i r eq u i pm e n t con d i ti on Vi su a l i n sp e cti on sh ou l d i n cl u d e:

a n d op e ra ti on sh a l l b e a sse sse d b y vi su a l
1. Su p p l y d u ctwo rk con stru cti on m a te ri a l s
i n sp e cti on .
a n d ge n e ra l con d i ti on , j oi n i n g m e th od s,

ga ske ts, se a l s, etc.

Acce ssi b l e p orti on s of su p p l y a i r d u ctwork,
Get more FREE standards from Standard•Sharing Group and our chats
Ve ri fy th a t th e i n sta l l a ti on m e ets
d i stri b u ti on com p on en ts, a n d ro om

th e p roj e ct BOD a n d speci fi ca ti on

con n e cti on s sh a l l b e a sse sse d a n d ve ri fi e d to

re q u i re m en ts
b e i n good op e ra ti n g con d i ti on b y vi su a l

i n sp e cti on . 2. Se gm e n ts of su p p l y d u ctwork i n ten d ed

for ga seou s d e con ta m i n a ti on ( wh e re

p rovi d ed , b etwe e n su pp l y b i o-se a l

d a m p e r a n d room d i ffu se r) sh ou l d b e of

ga s-ti gh t con stru cti on , or SOP s sh ou l d

re q u i re a p p rop ri a te p roce d u re s to

a voi d l e a ka ge of d e con ta m i n a ti on ga se s

to su rrou n d i n g sp a ce s. Typ i ca l l y, ga s-

ti gh t d u ct con stru cti on i s p rovi d e d b y

fu l l y we l d e d con stru cti on . Al l u n -

we l d e d com p on e n ts i n th e se d u ct

se cti on s sh o u l d b e fu l l y a cce ssi b l e for

b a ggi n g p ri or to d e con ta m i n a ti on .

3. Su p p l y a i r va l ve s, a ctu a tors, a n d con trol

wi ri n g/tu b i n g

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

• Ch e ck fo r con d i ti o n of a i r-va l ve

a sse m b l y; corrosi on of h o u si n g;

co n d i ti on of a ctu a to rs, l i n ka ge s,

wi ri n g, a n d /o r pn e u m a ti c tu b i n g to

a ctu a tors, etc.

• Ch e ck re -h ea t coi l s for cl e a n l i n e ss

a n d l e a ks. Wh e re te rm i n a l

h u m i d i fi e rs a re p ro vi d ed , ch e ck for

l e a ks a n d cl e a n l i n e ss

• Ch e ck con d i ti on of reh e a t coi l a n d

h u m i d i fi e r co n trol va l ve a ctu a tors,

l i n ka ge s, wi ri n g, a n d /o r p n eu m a ti c

tu b i n g to a ctu a tors

4. Su p p l y b i o-se a l d a m p e rs ( wh e re

p rovi d ed )

• Ch e ck for con d i ti on of d a m p e rs;

corro si o n of d a m p e r com p on e n ts,

fl a n ge s, a n d con n e cti o n s; ga ske ts

for vi si b l e d a m a ge ; con d i ti on of

a ctu a tors, l i n ka ge s, wi ri n g, a n d /or

p n eu m a ti c tu b i n g to a ctu a tors, etc.

5. Con ti n u ou s se a l b etwe en d u ctwork a n d

th e room su p p l y d i ffu se r

• Ve ri fy d u ri n g i n i ti a l i n sta l l a ti on a n d

m a i n ta i n wri tten /ph oto-

d ocu m en ta ti on for re cord s

6. Su p p l y d i ffu se rs sh ou l d be l oca ted a n d

i n sta l l ed so th e y d o n ot i n te rfe re wi th

BSC op e ra ti on a n d pro vi d e b e st

l oca ti on for a ch i e vi n g effe cti ve roo m

a i r-ch a n ge ra te /h

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d for p rope r a i r

d i stri b u ti on

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

8.3.6 Visual Inspection of Critical Control System Air and Power

P n e u m a ti c con trol a i r syste m a n d con trol Vi su a l i n sp e cti on of pn e u m a ti c co n tro l

p o we r syste m sh a l l b e a sse sse d a n d veri fi ed to e q u i p m e n t sh ou l d i n cl u d e :

b e i n good op e ra ti n g co n d i ti on b y vi su a l
1. P ri m a ry a n d re d u n d a n t eq u i pm e n t i s
i n sp e cti on so a s to m a i n ta i n a n y re q u i red

cri ti ca l co n trol or se con d a ry con ta i n m en t a d e q u a te l y a rra n ge d a n d i n p rop e r

fe a tu re s d u ri n g n orm a l op e ra ti on a n d i n th e o p e ra ti o n .

e ve n t of l o ss of p owe r, fa i l u re of a gen e ra tor,

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d
or fa i l u re of p ri m a ry com p re ssors a n d

e q u i p m e n t.

2. Co m p re sse d a i r syste m sh ou l d b e

se rve d b y sta n d b y p owe r syste m .

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d

3. Wh e re a sep a ra te re ce i ve r a n d

d i stri b u ti on p i p i n g i s th e se l e cte d

m e a n s of syste m b a cku p, a ch e ck

va l ve or oth e r fa i l -sa fe va l ve sh ou l d

b e p ro vi d e d i n th e p i p i n g syste m to

p re ve n t l oss/d i ve rsi on of a i r from th e

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cri ti ca l syste m to th e n on -cri ti ca l

syste m . Al tern a ti ve a rra n ge m e n ts

( su ch a s u n i n te rru pta b l e p o we r

su p p l y [U PS] syste m s) a n d b a cku p a i r

sou rce s sh o u l d be con fi rm e d

o p e ra ti o n a l .

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d

4. A ch e ck-va l ve or oth e r fa i l -sa fe

a rra n ge m en t sh ou l d b e p re se n t i n th e

com p re ssor d i sch a rge p i p i n g or i n l e t

con n e cti on to e a ch a i r rece i ve r to

p re ve n t l oss of syste m a i r wh e n th e

su p p l y sou rce i s d i sa b l ed .

5. Con trol a i r p i p i n g to sen si n g a n d

con trol d e vi ce s sh ou l d be p rote cte d

to a voi d d a m a ge to p i p i n g a n d

a cci d e n ta l fa i l u re s a t j oi n ts a n d d e vi ce

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

te rm i n a ti on s.

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d th a t co n trol a i r

p i p i n g a n d tu b i n g i s a pp ro p ri a te l y

su p ported a n d a d eq u a tel y

p ro te cted or n ot su sce p ti b l e to

d a m a ge

6. Ve ri fy i n fi e l d p re ssu re l eve l s o f

con trol a i r re se rvoi rs to e n su re

a va i l a b l e p re ssu re i s p rovi d e d i n

e ve n t of com p re sso r fa i l u re .

7. Al a rm s sh ou l d b e p rovi d e d a t

m on i tore d BAS to i n d i ca te fa i l u re o f

com p re sse d a i r sou rce eq u i pm e n t or

syste m p re ssu re l o ss.

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d a t BAS

8. Ai r d e w p o i n t sh ou l d b e l ow e n ou gh

to p re ven t fre ezi n g or con d en sa ti on

of con trol a i r l i n e s.

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d th a t d e si cca n t

d rye rs ( or e q u i va l e n t to a ch i e ve

re q u i re d d ryn e ss) a re u se d i n th e

a i r-su pp l y syste m a n d p rop e rl y

a d j u ste d to a t l e a st 5 ° F ( 2 . 8° C)

b e l ow th e l owe st te m p e ra tu re to

wh i ch a n y p orti o n of th e syste m

cou l d b e e xp osed

9. Ve ri fy a i r q u a l i ty a n d vi su a l i n sp e ct for

a d e q u a te pre ssu re . Cri ti ca l a i r sh o u l d

b e of n ot l e ss th a n i n stru m e n t a i r

q u a l i ty i n con form a n ce wi th AN SI /I SA
24
S7. 0. 01 . Al a rm s sh ou l d b e ve ri fi ed

o p e ra ti o n a l a t th e BAS to i n d i ca te

fa i l u re of com p re sse d a i r sou rce or

syste m p re ssu re l o ss.

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Vi su a l i n sp e cti on of con trol powe r syste m

sh ou l d i n cl u d e:

1. Co n tro l p owe r for a l l h e a ti n g,

ve n ti l a ti n g, a n d a i r-co n d i ti o n i n g

( H VAC) co n tro l s sh ou l d be se rve d b y

sta n d b y powe r syste m .

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d or b y re vi ew of a s-

b u i l t co n trol d ra wi n gs

• Con trol p owe r for con trol l e rs a n d

cri ti ca l co n trol com p on en ts

sh ou l d be p rovi d ed wi th b a tte ry

b a cku p or U P S a n d a pp rop ri a te

m e m o ry

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d

2. Con trol wi ri n g to se n si n g a n d con trol

d e vi ce s sh ou l d b e p rote cte d to a voi d

d a m a ge a n d a cci d e n ta l fa i l u re s a t

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te rm i n aGroup
ti on s. and our chats

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d th a t co n trol wi ri n g i s

ro u te d i n con d u i ts a n d co n d u i ts

a re a pp rop ri a te l y su p p orte d a n d

ro u te d a wa y fro m m a i n te n a n ce

tra ffi c a re a s

8.3.7 Primary Containment Equipment

Bi osa fe ty ca b i n et s a n d oth e r p ri m a ry I n sp e cti on for BSCs a n d oth er pri m a ry

con ta i n m e n t eq u i p m en t con n e cte d to th e con ta i n m e n t eq u i p m en t, wh e n p re sen t,

ve n ti l a ti on syste m sh a l l b e a sse ssed b y vi su a l sh ou l d i n cl u d e th e fol l owi n g:

i n sp e cti on .
1. Re vi e w p ri m a ry co n ta i n m e n t

e q u i p m e n t ( BSC or oth e r)
Al l b i osa fety ca b i n e ts sh a l l b e ce rti fi ed be fore
p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on d ocu m e n t
u se , a t l e a st a n n u a l l y, a n d wh en e ve r re l oca te d
i n cl u d i n g se ri a l n u m be r ve ri fi ca ti on .
i n a ccord a n ce wi th N a ti on a l Sci e n ce
7 2. Ve ri fy th a t th e te sti n g a ge n t/ve ri fi e r
Fou n d a ti on (N SF) Sta n d a rd 49 or a n

h a s be e n su pe rvi se d b y a n N SF-
e q u i va l en t m eth od .

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

a p p roved te sti n g a ge n t/ve ri fi e r a n d

th a t th e i r e q u i p m e n t m ee ts cu rre n t

p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on

re q u i re m en ts.

3. Ve ri fy th a t i n sta l l a ti on of BSC i s

corre ct for ca b i n et typ e .

4. Ve ri fy corre ct p l a ce m en t o f p ri m a ry

con ta i n m e n t eq u i p m en t ( BSC, fu m e

h ood , etc. ) wi th re sp e ct to a i r d e vi ce s,

d oors, a n d tra ffi c p a ttern s.

5. Cl a ss I I Typ e A BSCs ca n re ci rcu l a te

H E P A-fi l te red ca b i n et a i r i n to th e

ro om . Al l th i m b l e ca ptu re d e vi ce s

sh ou l d be ve ri fi ed for ope ra ti on a n d

i n te gra ti on wi th th e ro om e xh a u st.

6. Cl a ss I I Typ e B1 b i osa fe ty ca b i n ets a re

7
re q u i re d b y N SF 49 to be h a rd -

d u cted to ven ti l a ti on syste m .

• Ve ri fy a p p rop ri a te d u ct

con n e cti on a n d i n te gri ty

7. Cl a ss I I Typ e B2 BSCs a re re q u i re d b y
7
N SF 49 to b e h a rd -d u cted to

ve n ti l a ti on syste m .

• Ve ri fy a p p rop ri a te d u ct

con n e cti on a n d i n te gri ty

8. Ve ri fy Cl a ss I I I BSCs a re provi d e d wi th

H E PA-fi l te red su pp l y a i r a n d d ou b l e-

H E PA-fi l te red e xh a u st a i r co n n e cti on s.

9. Ve ri fy th a t th e e xh a u st of a Cl a ss I I I

BSC i s con n e cte d u p th rou gh th e

se con d exh a u st H E P A fi l te r of th e

ca b i n et a n d th a t th e su pp l y a i r i s

p ro vi d ed i n su ch a m a n n e r th a t i t

p re ve n ts p o si ti ve p re ssu ri za ti on of th e

ca b i n et.

49
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

1 0. Fu m e h ood s th a t a re p l a ce d i n si d e

BSL-3 /ABSL-3 fa ci l i ti e s sh ou l d b e

i n sp e cte d for a i rfl ow a l a rm s ( i f

p re se n t) , fi l tra ti on n e e d s ( ca rb on a n d

H E PA) , a n d re ci rcu l a ti n g o p ti o n s. An

SOP sh ou l d b e i n p l a ce for u se of a

fu m e h ood , wh i ch i s n ot th e sa m e a s a

BSC, i n cl u d i n g i ts i n te gra ti on to th e

ro om s’ n e ga ti ve p re ssu re . I f fu m e

h ood s a re u sed i n si d e BSL-3 /ABSL-3

sp a ce s, fi l tra ti on req u i rem e n ts ( H E P A

a n d /or ca rb o n ) , u se of ch e m i ca l s,

ch e m i ca l com p a ti bi l i ty,

d e co n ta m i n a ti on , a n d e ffi ci e n cy

te sti n g n e e d to be d o cu m e n te d i n

SOP s a n d re vi e wed b y veri fyi n g

te sti n g a gen ts.

1 1 . O th e r p ri m a ry con ta i n m e n t d e vi ce s

sh ou l d be i n sp e cte d p e r a SOP .
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8.3.8 Visual Inspection of High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters

H E P A fi l te r i n sta l l a ti on s sh a l l be a sse ssed b y N ote: Wh en th e vi su a l i n sp e cti on of th e

vi su a l i n sp e cti on . H E P A fi l te rs sh a l l b e te ste d a t H E P A fi l te r h ou si n g re q u i re s a cce ssi n g th e

l e a st a n n u a l l y. p oten ti a l l y con ta m i n a ted se cti on o f th e

h ou si n g, prop er d e con ta m i n a ti on

p roce d u re s sh o u l d b e ta ke n fol l owi n g

l oca l ri sk a sse ssm e n ts a n d SOP s.

I n sp e cti on sh ou l d i n cl u d e th e fol l owi n g:

1. I n te gri ty of fi l te r h ou si n g

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d for gen e ra l

con d i ti on of fi l te r h ou si n g,

sp e ci fi ed con stru cti on m a te ri a l ,

a n d p re ssu re cl a ss. Th i s ca n be

re vi e we d togeth e r wi th fi l te r sh op

d ra wi n gs a n d fa ctory te sti n g.

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

• Ch e ck for d e n ts or d a m a ge to

h ou si n g to n ote i f we l d s a re

d a m a ge d o r p e rform a n ce i s

com p rom i sed d u ri n g fu rth e r

ve ri fi ca ti on .

• Ch e ck a cce ss d oors, l a tch e s, a n d

ga ske ts fo r p rop e r op e ra ti on .

• Ch e ck for p rop e r su pp o rt of fi l te r

h ou si n g. Ch e ck for se i sm i c b ra ci n g

wh e re req u i re d b y l oca l cod e s a n d

p roj e ct BOD .

Fi l te r m e d i a sh a l l b e i n spe cte d b efore a n d a fter 2. Vi su a l i n sp e cti o n of fi l te r m e d i a

i n sta l l a ti on .
• Ve ri fy p e rfo rm a n ce fi l te r

fu n cti on /i n te gri ty wi l l b e ve ri fi ed

th rou gh th e m e th od ol ogy i n

se cti on 8. 4. 7 a t i n i ti a l fi l te r

i n sta l l a ti on or re pl a ce m en t.

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d th e i n te gri ty o f th e

fi l te r m ed i a , fi l te r fra m e , fi l te r

ga ske t ( e l a stom e ri c or gel ) , a n d

th e se a l b e twe en th e m ed i a a n d

fra m e .

• Look for fi l te r d a m a ge s,

p e rce n ta ge of p a tch i n g of th e

fi l te r m ed i a , d a m a ge s to th e

ga ske t ( te a rs or sa ggi n g) , e tc.

3. D u ctwork i n a n d ou t of h o u si n gs

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d th a t d u ctwork i n

a n d o u t of fi l ter h ou si n gs i s of th e

sp e ci fi ed m a te ri a l a n d

con stru cti on type .

• Ve ri fy d u ctwo rk i s p rop erl y

su p ported .

4. Bu b b l e-ti gh t i sol a ti on d a m p e rs

51
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

• Ch e ck for con d i ti on of d a m p e rs;

corrosi on of d a m p e r com p o n e n ts,

fl a n ge s, a n d co n n e cti on s; ga ske ts

fo r vi si b l e d a m a ge ; co n d i ti on of

a ctu a tors, l i n ka ge s, wi ri n g, a n d /or

p n eu m a ti c tu b i n g to a ctu a tors,

e tc.

5. Fi l te r d e con ta m i n a ti on provi si on s

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d th a t fi l te r h ou si n g i s

e q u i p p ed wi th d e co n ta m i n a ti on

p rovi si o n s, i f i n p l a ce .

D e con ta m i n a ti on i s re q u i re d b y a

SO P p ri or to re m o va l .

6. Ba g-i n /b a g-ou t p rovi si on s ( i f

a p p l i ca b l e )

• P roce d u re s fo r u se of b a gs,

ci n ch i n g stra p s, ru b b e r ba n d s,

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e tc.Group and
, sh ou l d b e our chats
stri ctl y e n force d

wh e n n e w a n d rep l a ce m e n t fi l te rs

a re i n sta l l ed . Du ri n g th e a n n u a l

e ffi ci en cy te st of th e H E PA fi l te rs,

stra p s a n d b a g se a l s to th e ri n gs

sh ou l d be ve ri fi ed to b e p rope rl y

i n sta l l ed a n d th a t re cord s e xi st of

th e p rop e r i n sta l l a ti on be fo re

op e n i n g th e a cce ss d oor of a

p oten ti a l l y con ta m i n a ted h ou si n g.

Oth e rwi se , d e con ta m i n a ti on

p roce d u re s sh o u l d b e ta ke n

fol l owi n g l oca l ri sk a sse ssm e n ts

a n d SOP s.

7. Te sti n g i n p l a ce

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d th a t te st secti on s

a re p rovi d ed a s a m e a n s for

te sti n g H E P A fi l te rs i n -p l a ce p ri o r

52
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

to b e i n g p l a ced i n to se rvi ce .

8. P re ssu re ga u ge s a n d con n e cti n g

tu b i n g

• Ve ri fy i n fi e l d th a t p re ssu re -ga u ge

tu b i n g, j oi n ts, a n d con n ecti on s a re

ti gh t a n d l e a k-free . Ve ri fy

p re ssu re ga u ge s for op e ra ti on of

fi l te rs wi th i n spe ci fi ed ra n ge .

9. H E P A-fi l te r p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on

re p orts

• Re vi e w p ri or p e rform a n ce -

ve ri fi ca ti on a n d m a i n ten a n ce

re p orts to e va l u a te th e i n i ti a l

con d i ti on s of th e fi l te rs wh e n th e y

we re p l a ced i n to se rvi ce a n d a n y

re p a i rs p e rform ed si n ce th en .

8.3.9 Control Systems/Fail-Safe Operation

Th e veri fi ca ti on p roce ss sh a l l i n cl u d e re vi e w of Re fe r to se cti o n 8. 3 for fa i l u re scen a ri os

d ocu m en ta ti on for ea ch fa i l u re te st p e rform ed . a n d re l a te d d ocu m e n ta ti on .

8.3.10 Visual Inspection: Special Considerations for ABSL-3 Facilities

Vi su a l i n sp e cti on of ABSL-3 fa ci l i ti e s sh a l l I n sp e cti on sh ou l d i n cl u d e :

i n cl u d e a l l a p p l i ca b l e BSL-3 cri te ri a .
1. Ba se d on a ri sk a sse ssm en t, a n i m a l -

ca gi n g syste m s sh ou l d com p l y wi th
Ve n ti l a ti on syste m sh a l l m e e t th e
p ri m a ry con ta i n m e n t re q u i re m en ts
re q u i re m en ts of Guide for the Care and Use of
for BSL-3 op e ra ti on a n d th e fa ci l i ty
25
Laboratory A nim als ( Th e Guide ) .
SOP s.

2. Re vi e w con n e cti o n s b etwe e n ra ck

b l owe rs a n d H VAC system ( i f

p ro vi d ed ) a n d e n su re roo m b a l a n ce

a n d d i re cti o n a l a i rfl ow i s m a i n ta i n ed .

3. Re vi e w fa n b l owe rs a ssi gn e d to ca ge

ra cks for op e ra b i l i ty, n oi se e ffe cts,

53
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

a n d con n e cti vi ty .

4. Ve ri fy ca ge s a n d th e i r con n e cti n g

p orts a re p rop e rl y m ou n te d to th e

i n te rn a l -ra ck H VAC con n e cti on s.

5. Re vi e w wh e th e r i n d i vi d u a l l y

ve n ti l a te d ca gi n g H EP A fi l te r ( i f

p ro vi d ed ) te sti n g ta gs a re u p -to-d a te

a n d p rovi d e d .

6. Ve ri fy i f sta ti c l oa d i n g on fi l te r

e xce e d s m a n u fa ctu re r

re com m e n d a ti on s or l o ca l se t-p oi n ts

b a se d o n ri sk a n a l ysi s.

7. Ve ri fy op e ra b i l i ty of l oca l a d j u sta b l e

a i r va l ve s a tta ch e d to i n d i vi d u a l l y

ve n ti l a te d ca gi n g.

8. Ve ri fy th a t p osi ti ve /n e ga ti ve ( P /N )

con trol va l ve s ( i f p rovi d ed ) a re

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p rope rl Group
y se t. and our chats

9. Re vi e w re ci rcu l a ti n g ra cks i n fl u e n ce

on room ’ s a i r d i stri bu ti on a n d od o r

con trol d e vi ce s.

8.4 Testing Ventilation and Associated Systems General Requirements

H VAC syste m s sh a l l b e teste d a n d d ocu m en ted G i ve n th e h i gh d e gre e of va ri a b i l i ty i n

b e fore i n i ti a l op e ra ti on , p e ri od i ca l l y th e re a fte r BSL-3 /ABSL-3 fa ci l i ty l a you t a n d syste m

( a n n u a l l y or a s d ete rm i n e d b y fa ci l i ty-sp e ci fi c con fi gu ra ti on s, th i s sta n d a rd ca n n ot

ri sk a sse ssm e n t) a n d a fte r a n y si gn i fi ca n t d e fi n e p re ci se p e ri o d i c te sti n g

a l te ra ti on s of th e ven ti l a ti on syste m o r oth e r fre q u e n ci e s o r a cce p ta n ce cri te ri a fo r a l l

a l te ra ti on s th a t ca n a ffe ct i t. con d i ti o n s. Th e refore , to a ccom m o d a te

th i s va ri a b i l i ty a n d to e n su re th a t th e

E xce p t wh e re spe ci fi ca l l y i n d i ca te d i n th e te sti n g refl e cts th e a ctu a l work

fol l owi n g su b se cti on s, test a cce p ta n ce cri te ri a p e rform ed a t e a ch l oca ti on , te sti n g

sh a l l be e sta b l i sh e d b y th e fa ci l i ty ri sk fre q u e n ci e s a n d a cce pta n ce cri teri a

a sse ssm e n t. sh ou l d be d e term i n ed b y fa ci l i ty-sp e ci fi c

ri sk a sse ssm e n ts.

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Wh e n p e rform i n g a ri sk a sse ssm e n t to

d e term i n e th e freq u en cy o f p e ri od i c

te sti n g of H VAC system s, a s we l l a s

a cce p ta n ce cri te ri a , fa ci l i ty own e rs

sh ou l d a d d re ss fa ctors i n cl u d i n g, b u t n ot

l i m i te d to:

• Th e re l a ti ve ri sk of th e BSL-3 /

ABSL-3 work p e rfo rm e d i n th e

fa ci l i ty, oth e r a cti vi ti e s i n th e

fa ci l i ty, a n d th e fa ci l i ty’ s

su rrou n d i n gs

• Acce ssi b i l i ty of H VAC com p on e n ts

( e . g. , d u ctwork i n sta l l ed i n ch a se s)

• Re l a ti ve ri sk ( i . e . , both p rob a b i l i ty

a n d con se q u en ce ) o f a

com p on en t’ s fa i l u re

E xa m p l e s of m a j o r ch a n ge s to th e H VAC

syste m cou l d i n cl u d e:

1. Re p l a ce m e n t of e xh a u st o r su p p l y

fa n s th a t serve th e BSL-3 /ABSL-3

con ta i n m e n t a re a s

2. Re p l a ce m e n t of d u ctwork va l ve s o r

d a m p e rs th a t se rve th e se a re a s

3. BAS l ogi c p ro gra m m i n g ch a n ge s

4. Stru ctu ra l ch a n ge s to th e BSL-3 /

ABSL-3 ro om s

5. Ad d i ti on or re m ova l of h a rd -d u cted

BSCs o r fu m e h ood s th a t ca u se

ch a n ge s i n th e a i r b a l a n ce of th e

ro om wi th re sp e ct to th e e n ti re

l a b ora tory

Al l e xte rn a l i n stru m en ts ( i . e . , p orta b l e or n ot a I n stru m e n ts a n d te sti n g d e vi ce s sh ou l d

com p on en t of th e b u i l d i n g) u se d for te sti n g h a ve cycl i ca l ca l i b ra ti on for va l i d a ti n g

55
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

sh a l l h a ve be e n ca l i b ra ted a n d /or ce rti fi ed p e rform a n ce a n d ve ri fyi n g th a t th e y h a ve

u si n g sta n d a rd s tra ce a b l e to th e N a ti o n a l su ffi ci en t a ccu ra cy a n d ra n ge req u i re d for

I n sti tu te of Sta n d a rd s a n d Te ch n ol ogy ( N I ST; or te sti n g.

e q u i va l en t sta n d a rd s) . I f d e vi ce s th a t a re
1. O b ta i n a n d i n cl u d e a l l rece n t
com p on en ts of th e b u i l d i n g ( e . g. , p re ssu re
ce rti fi ca te s of ca l i bra ti on i n te st
se n sors a n d a i rfl ow i n d i ca tors) a re u sed for
d ocu m en ta ti on .
te sti n g pu rpose s, th e y sh a l l b e ca l i b ra te d

2. Ca l i b ra ti on s of i n stru m en ts sh ou l d b e
a n n u a l l y u si n g a ca l i b ra te d e xte rn a l d e vi ce .

d on e a t l e a st a n n u a l l y.

8.4.1 Testing for Directional Airflow during Normal Operation

H VAC syste m s sh a l l b e teste d for d i re cti on a l G e n e ra l l y, th e d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow

a i rfl ow to d e m on stra te th a t a i r i n th e BSL-3 / cri te ri on for BSL-3 /ABSL-3 fa ci l i ti e s ca n

ABSL-3 fl ows from a re a s of l owe r ri sk to a re a s b e i n te rp rete d to m e a n th a t a i r sh ou l d

of h i gh e r ri sk d u ri n g n orm a l o pe ra ti on . fl o w from “ou tsi d e ” th e BSL-3 /ABSL-3

sp a ce to th e sp a ce ( s) “i n si d e ” th e BSL-3 /

ABSL-3 fa ci l i ty wh e re th ere i s th e h i gh e st

p rob a b i l i ty o f a i rb orn e con ta m i n a ti o n .

Th i s fl ow m i ti ga te s th e ri sk o f a i rb o rn e -
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con ta m i n a n ts e sca p i n g th e BSL-3 /ABSL-3

fa ci l i ty. A BSL-3 /ABSL-3 fa ci l i ty sh ou l d b e

e va l u a te d a s a wh ol e ( i . e. , a n i n te gra ted

syste m of H VAC e l e m e n ts, a s we l l a s

d oors a n d oth e r a rch i te ctu ra l fe a tu re s)

a n d i n th e con te xt of th e fa ci l i ty-sp e ci fi c

ri sk a sse ssm e n t, wh e n be i n g e va l u a te d

wi th re sp e ct to th i s cri teri on .

Th e fou n d a ti on for d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow

te sti n g sh ou l d be to d e m on stra te th a t a i r

ori gi n a ti n g from sp a ce s th a t h a ve th e

h i gh e st p rob a b i l i ty o f a i rb orn e

con ta m i n a ti o n wi l l n ot esca p e th e BSL-3 /

ABSL-3 fa ci l i ty’ s con ta i n m e n t b a rri e r. I f

th a t ca n n ot be d e m on stra te d , th e n th e

fa ci l i ty’ s ri sk a sse ssm en t sh o u l d a d d re ss

th e re l a ti ve ri sk a ssoci a te d wi th su ch

e sca p e a n d i n cl u d e a d ete rm i n a ti o n of

56
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

sp e ci fi c m e a su re s ta ke n to m i ti ga te th a t

ri sk.

Al th ou gh th i s sta n d a rd on l y a pp l i e s to

th e e sca p e of a i r a t th e con ta i n m en t

b a rri e r, te sti n g of d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow

sh ou l d be p e rform ed a t th e tra n si ti on s

( i . e . , d o orwa ys) a n d b ou n d a ri e s b etwe e n

a re a s of h i gh e r a n d l ower ri sk b etwe e n

a l l sp a ce s wi th i n th e BSL-3 /ABSL-3 fa ci l i ty

a s d ete rm i n e d b y th e fa ci l i ty ri sk

a sse ssm e n t. I f d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow ca n n ot

b e d e m on stra te d u n d er n o rm a l

op e ra ti n g con d i ti on s a t a tra n si ti on p oi n t,

th en oth e r m i ti ga ti n g fa ctors su ch a s th e

p re se n ce o f two d oors i n se ri e s, p e rson a l

p rote cti ve e q u i p m en t u se , a n d th e

re l a ti ve ri sk of th e a ge n ts i n u se sh ou l d

b e con si d e re d i n d e te rm i n i n g th e

a cce p ta n ce cri te ri a for th e te st for th a t

p oi n t.

Test Purpose and Methodology

H VAC syste m s sh a l l b e teste d a n d d ocu m en ted Purpose of Test: To ve ri fy th a t u n d e r

for d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow d u ri n g n o rm a l n orm a l op era ti n g con d i ti on s, th e H VAC

op e ra ti on s b efore i n i ti a l o p e ra ti o n , pe ri od i ca l l y syste m p ro vi d e s d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow b y

th e re a fte r ( a n n u a l l y or a s d e te rm i n e d b y d ra wi n g a i r i n to th e con ta i n m e n t sp a ce

fa ci l i ty-spe ci fi c ri sk a sse ssm e n t) a n d a fte r a n y from cl e a n a re a s towa rd p o ten ti a l l y

si gn i fi ca n t a l te ra ti on s of th e ve n ti l a ti on syste m co n ta m i n a ted a re a s ( e xce p t a s

or oth e r a l te ra ti on s th a t ca n a ffe ct i t. d e term i n ed b y sp e ci fi c si te con d i ti o n s

su ch a s cl e a n room /con ta i n m e n t sp a ce s) .

Oth e r syste m s/eq u i p m en t th a t i m p a ct Th e te sti n g sh ou l d e va l u a te d i re cti on a l

d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow u n d e r n o rm a l op e ra ti n g a i rfl ow bo th a t i n d i vi d u a l d oorwa ys a n d

co n d i ti on s sh a l l b e te sted so th a t d i re cti on a l for th e en ti re l a bo ra tory su i te .

a i rfl ow ca n b e d em on stra te d .

N ote: Th e te sti n g sh ou l d a ccou n t for

n orm a l op era ti n g con d i ti on s su ch a s d o or

57
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

op e n i n g/cl osi n g , wh i ch m a y a ffe ct th e

su sta i n e d d i re cti on a l a i rfl o w re q u i re m en t

a t a n i n d i vi d u a l d oorwa y. D i re cti on a l

a i rfl ow sh ou l d be e va l u a te d for th e e n ti re

l a b o ra tory su i te a s a syste m , ta ki n g i n to

a cco u n t th e p re sen ce of a n te room s or

oth er d o u b l e -d oor con fi gu ra ti on s, a n d

op e ra ti n g co n d i ti on s.

Recommended Methodology:
D i re cti on a l a i rfl ow te sti n g ca n be

a ch i e ve d b y on e o f se ve ra l m e th od s

su ch a s:

1. Sm oke te sti n g

2. Va l i d a ti n g p re ssu re or a i rfl ow

m on i tors

3. Ve ri fyi n g tel l -ta l e vi su a l si gn s su ch a s

th i n l i gh twe i gh t m a te ri a l s

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4. Au d i b l e te sti n g d e vi ce s

5. Tra ce r ga se s ( su ch a s su l fu r

h e xa fl u ori d e , h e l i u m , o r ca rb on

d i oxi d e ) , fra gra n ce s ( e . g. ,

p e pp e rm i n t) , a n d th e a tri ca l fogs

Al th ou gh on e m eth od i s n ot p refe rre d

ove r oth e rs, th e l a b ora tori e s sh ou l d b e

te sted a n d ve ri fi e d fo r p rop e r

p e rform a n ce .

Th e a b ove te sts a re su i ta b l e for veri fyi n g

i n sta n ta n e ou s p erform a n ce of th e

ve n ti l a ti on syste m .

To ve ri fy ste a d y-sta te p erfo rm a n ce ove r

a p e ri od o f ti m e , th e fol l owi n g m e th od s

( or e q u i va l e n t) sh ou l d be con si d ere d :

58
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

1. H i stori ca l tre n d l o g re cord s from BAS

2. Oth e r form s of h i sto ri ca l l ogs

m a i n ta i n ed i n a ccord a n ce wi th th e

fa ci l i ty SOP

3. Log of d i ffere n ti a l p re ssu re a cross

d oors for a m i n i m u m of ti m e th a t

re fl e cts th e te st p eri od , a n d a n y

i n fl u e n ce th a t d i stu rb s th e

sta b i l i za ti on o f th e p re ssu re s wi th

d a ta l ogge d a t l e ss th a n 5 -se co n d

i n te rva l s, u si n g ca l i b ra ted porta b l e

d i ffe ren ti a l p re ssu re m e te rs

4. Vi su a l ob se rva ti o n of a i rfl ow

d i re cti on a t d o orwa ys u si n g a vi su a l

i n d i ca tor ( e . g. , te l l -ta l e , sm oke , e tc. )

Ste a d y-sta te p re ssu re d i ffe ren ti a l s sh ou l d

re m a i n b etwe e n th e m i n i m u m l e vel

n e e d e d for d ete cti on b y th e p re ssu re

se n sor a n d th e l e ve l a t wh i ch d o or

op e ra ti on i s a d ve rse l y a ffe cted . Th e

d i ffe ren ti a l p re ssu re m u st n o t e xce e d th e

l e ve l th a t ca u se s th e force re q u i red to

op e ra te th e d oor to e xce e d a p p l i ca bl e

cod e s ( e . g. , fi re cod e or Am e ri ca n s Wi th
26
D i sa b i l i ti e s Act [AD A] re q u i re m e n ts) .

Sm oke te sti n g of th e fu l l d oo r p e ri m e ter

( 3 60° ) sh ou l d b e pe rform e d wi th th e

d oor i n a cl ose d a n d o pen posi ti on u si n g

a sm oke -gen e ra ti n g d evi ce th a t i s m o ved

sl owl y a rou n d th e p eri m e te r of th e d o or.

Th e te st m eth od sh ou l d b e b a se d on a

si te -spe ci fi c ri sk a sse ssm e n t, i n cl u d i n g

fa ctors su ch a s th e p re sen ce of two d oors

i n se ri e s, ga ske ts or oth er se a l s, a n d

tra n sfe r gri l l s o r o th e r a i r-b yp a ss d e vi ce s.

59
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Wh e n d ete rm i n i n g th e exte n t of th e d o or

op e n i n g fo r th e te st, fa ci l i ty p erson n e l

sh ou l d ta ke i n to con si d era ti on th e

a i rfl ow offset a t th e d oorwa y, th e

p re se n ce o f oth e r d oors i n se ri e s, a n d th e

re l a ti ve ri sk of a cti vi ti e s i n th e a d j a cen t

sp a ce s.

Sm oke te sti n g of a i r-tra n sfe r d e vi ce s

sh ou l d be d on e a t d i ffe re n t p oi n ts a l on g

th e fa ce o f th e a i r-tra n sfe r gri l l e .

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh ou l d i n cl u d e sp e ci fi c d oors, d e vi ce s,

a n d l oca ti on s wh e re te st wa s con d u cted ,

ch ose n te st m eth od for e a ch l oca ti on a n d

re su l ts of te st for e a ch l oca ti on . Th e

p e rform a n ce of th e e n ti re l a b ora tory

su i te a s a syste m sh o u l d a l so b e

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d ocu Group
m en ted . and our chats

8.4.2 Testing for Directional Airflow during System Failures

H VAC syste m s sh a l l b e teste d for d i re cti on a l I n ge n e ra l , a i r i n th e BSL-3 /ABSL -3 sh ou l d

a i rfl ow d u ri n g syste m fa i l u re s. Du ri n g syste m fl ow from a re a s of l owe r ri sk to a re a s of

fa i l u re s, m om e n ta ry ch a n ge s i n a i rfl ow h i gh e r ri sk d u ri n g n orm a l op e ra ti n g

p a tte rn s ca n b e a cce p ta b l e b a se d on th e con d i ti on s, b u t d u ri n g syste m fa i l u re s

fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm en t. m o m e n ta ry sta ti c con d i ti on s o r tra n si en t

fl ow re ve rsa l s ca n h a pp en . Al th o u gh th e

te sti n g a n d a ccep ta n ce cri te ri a for

d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow d u ri n g n orm a l

o p e ra ti o n s ( se e se cti on 8. 4. 1 ) sh ou l d b e

a p p l i ed to th e e va l u a ti on of p e rform a n ce

d u ri n g syste m fa i l u re s, th e m om e n ta ry

sta ti c con d i ti on s or tra n si e n t fl ow

re ve rsa l s th a t cou l d h a pp e n d u ri n g

syste m fa i l u re s sh ou l d be e va l u a ted i n

th e con te xt of th e fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm e n t.

60
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Wh e n p e rform i n g th e ri sk a sse ssm e n t

con si d e r fa ctors su ch a s:

• Th e m a gn i tu d e a n d d u ra ti on o f

th e e ve n t

• Th e re l a ti ve ri sk of a cti vi ti e s i n th e

a d j a ce n t sp a ce s

• E n gi n ee ri n g a n d a d m i n i stra ti ve

con trol s i n p l a ce d u ri n g th e e ven t

• U se of p ri m a ry co n ta i n m e n t

d e vi ce s a n d p e rson a l p rote cti ve

eq u ipm ent

To en su re th a t th e H VAC syste m s i n BSL-3 / Test Purpose and Methodology

ABSL-3 l a bora tori e s m e et th e b a si c fu n cti o n a l

con ta i n m e n t re q u i re m en t d u ri n g fa i l u re Purpose of Test: To ve ri fy th a t re ve rsa l of

e ve n ts, th e H VAC syste m s sh a l l b e te ste d a n d a i rfl ow from BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a bora tori e s

d ocu m en ted for d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow d u ri n g d u ri n g H VAC syste m fa i l u re con d i ti on s i s

syste m fa i l u re s b efore i n i ti a l op e ra ti on , m i n i m i ze d a n d i n a ccord a n ce wi th th e

p e ri od i ca l l y th e re a fte r ( a n n u a l l y or a s a cce p ta n ce cri te ri a e sta bl i sh e d i n th e ri sk

d e term i n ed b y fa ci l i ty-spe ci fi c ri sk a sse ssm e n t) a sse ssm e n t.

a n d a fte r a n y si gn i fi ca n t a l te ra ti on s of th e

ve n ti l a ti on syste m or oth e r a l te ra ti on s th a t ca n Th i s sta n d a rd a d d re sse s e sca p e of

a ffe ct i t. p o ten ti a l l y con ta m i n a ted a i r from th e

con ta i n m e n t b a rri e r of a BSL-3 /ABSL-3

fa ci l i ty. Si te -spe ci fi c cri teri a re l a te d to

re ve rsa l s wi th i n th e con ta i n m e n t b a rri er

sh ou l d be sti p u l a ted i n th e fa ci l i ty ri sk

a sse ssm e n t. For re ve rsa l s wi th i n th e

con ta i n m e n t b a rri e r, cri te ri a for

se q u en ce s a n d e ve n ts th a t occu r m ore

fre q u e n tl y ( e . g. , a tota l powe r o u ta ge

th a t m i gh t typ i ca l l y h a ppe n a fe w ti m e s a

ye a r) sh o u l d b e m ore stri n ge n t th a n for

e ve n ts th a t a re l i ke l y to h a p pe n m u ch l e ss

fre q u e n tl y ( e . g. , th e tri pp i n g of a b re a ke r

th a t se rve s m u l ti p l e e xh a u st fa n s) . Si te-

sp e ci fi c a cce pta n ce cri teri a for h i gh e r ri sk

61
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

l a b ora tori e s sh ou l d b e m ore stri n gen t

th a n fo r l owe r ri sk l a bora tori e s.

I n a d d i ti on to e m p i ri ca l te sti n g ( e . g. , u si n g

sm oke o r tra ce r ga se s) of rep re sen ta ti ve

fa i l u re con d i ti on s, n u m eri ca l si m u l a ti on

( e . g. , com p u ta ti on a l fl u i d d yn a m i cs or

oth er n u m e ri ca l m eth od o l ogi e s) ca n b e

u se d to su pp l e m en t th e ri sk a sse ssm e n t.

Re fe r to th e fo l l owi n g secti on s for m ore

sp e ci fi c i n form a ti on on th e rel a ted

syste m s a n d com p on e n ts th a t m a y b e

fa i l e d :

8. 4. 5 Te sti n g of H e a ti n g, Ve n ti l a ti n g, a n d

Ai r-Co n d i ti on i n g ( H VAC) Syste m a n d

Con trol s

8. 4. 6 Te sti n g E l e ctri ca l Syste m s Re l a te d to

Get more FREE standards from Standard

H eSharing
a ti n g, VeGroup
n ti l a ti nand our
g, a n chats
d Ai r-Co n d i ti on i n g

( H VAC)

Recommended Methodology: H VAC

ve ri fi ca ti on sh ou l d b e p erform ed a n d

d ocu m en ted b y pe rson n e l h a vi n g

e xp e ri en ce wi th th e H VAC syste m i n th e

fa ci l i ty a n d /or e xp e rti se wi th H VAC

syste m s i n BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tori e s.

Te st-fa i l u re sce n a ri os, a s a p p l i ca b l e a n d

d e term i n ed p l a u si b l e , sh ou l d b e b a sed

u p on th e com p l e xi ty of th e fa ci l i ty.

Th e typ e s of te sts d e scri b e d b e l ow a n d

th e i r fre q u e n cy a re provi d e d a s a

com p re h e n si ve re sou rce o f

m e th od ol ogi e s th a t sh ou l d be con si d e red

i n d e ve l op i n g a si te-sp e ci fi c H VAC

p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on p l a n .

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

D i re cti on a l a i rfl ow te sti n g d u ri n g system

fa i l u re s ca n b e p e rform ed u si n g:

1. Th e m e a su re m e n t of d i ffe re n ti a l

p re ssu re s a cro ss a con ta i n m e n t

b a rri e r, a n d a l l d oors b e twe e n th e

l a b ora tory or vi va ri u m a n d th e

con ta i n m e n t b a rri e r

2. Vi su a l i za ti on or m e a su rem e n t o f

sm oke /tra ce r ga se s a t d oors be twe en

th e l a b ora tory or vi va ri u m a n d th e

con ta i n m e n t b a rri e r

3. Vi su a l ob se rva ti on of a i rfl ow

i n d i ca to rs a t d oors b etwe e n th e

l a b ora tory or vi va ri u m a n d th e

con ta i n m e n t b a rri e r

4. A n u m e ri ca l te sti n g m e th od ol ogy

b a se d o n a ri sk a sse ssm en t

Use of Differential Pressure Mon itors:

Ca l i b ra ted d i ffe ren ti a l p re ssu re m o n i tors

a l on g wi th d a ta l ogge rs (p orta b l e u n i ts or

i n stru m e n ts a sso ci a te d wi th BASs) m a y

b e u ti l i ze d to m e a su re a n d re cord ste a d y-

sta te a n d tra n si en t d i ffere n ti a l p re ssu re s

d u ri n g syste m fa i l u re s.

Use of Sm oke or Tracer Gases:

Vi su a l i za ti on wi th sm o ke o r tra ce r ga s i s a

d i re ct m e th od of a sse ssi n g wh e th e r a i r

o ri gi n a ti n g i n th e l a bo ra tory o r vi va ri u m

e sca p e s ou tsi d e of th e co n ta i n m en t

b a rri e r. M eth od s cou l d i n cl u d e th e u se of

a sm o ke gen e ra tor i n th e l a b ora tory a n d

p h otom ete r o u tsi d e of th e con ta i n m e n t

b a rri e r, or a tra ce r ga s a n d a ssoci a te d

se n sor ou tsi d e th e b a rri er to a sse ss th e

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

ch a n ge s i n a i rfl ow pa tte rn s . Th e

d e te ctors sh ou l d b e p l a ce d a t l oca ti on s

d e term i n ed b y ri sks a ssessm e n t.

E xa m p l e s of a cce pta n ce cri te ri a to b e

e sta b l i sh e d i n th e ri sk a sse ssm e n t:

1. Th e d i ffe ren ti a l pre ssu re a t a n y o n e of

th e b a rri e rs b e twe en a n y

con ta m i n a ted sp a ce a n d th e cl e a n

sp a ce o u tsi d e th e con ta i n m e n t b a rri e r

n e ve r re ve rse s d i re cti on .

2. Th e d i ffe ren ti a l pre ssu re a t a n y

b a rri e r b etwe e n a n y con ta m i n a ted

sp a ce a n d th e cl e a n sp a ce ou tsi d e th e

con ta i n m e n t b a rri e r re m a i n s i n th e

p rope r d i re cti on wh i l e o r a t a n y ti m e

a fte r th e d i ffe re n ti a l p ressu re of th e

n e xt b a rri er towa rd s con ta i n m en t

re ve rse s.
Get more FREE standards from Standard Sharing Group and our chats
3. Sm oke or tra ce r ga se s gen e ra te d

i n si d e th e l a b o ra tory or vi va ri u m a re

n ot ob serve d or d e te cted ou tsi d e th e

con ta i n m e n t b a rri e r.

N o te: Th e p rogra m req u i re m e n ts a n d

si te -spe ci fi c fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm e n t m a y

d i cta te m ore stri n gen t or d i ffe ren t

a cce p ta n ce cri te ri a for a re a s i n si d e th e

con ta i n m e n t en ve l op e . H owe ve r, i n te rn a l

re q u i re m en ts a re n ot a d d re sse d b y th i s

sta n d a rd .

Failure tests: Fa i l u re con d i ti on s wi th

re com m e n d e d fre q u e n ci e s ( in italics ) th a t

sh ou l d be te sted wh en a p p l i ca b l e :

1. M e ch a n i ca l o r e l e ctri ca l fa i l u re of a

si n gl e BSL-3 /ABSL-3 e xh a u st fa n or fa n

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

com p on en t( s) ( in itially and every 1 2–

1 8 m on th s )

2. Fa i l u re o f th e n orm a l /p re fe rred

sou rce p owe r su p po rti n g su pp l y a n d

e xh a u st fa n com p on e n ts a n d

tra n si ti on to th e e m e rgen cy or

a l te rn a te so u rce . I f a b a cku p syste m

( e m e rge n cy o r a l te rn a te sou rce of

p owe r su p p l y) i s a va i l a b l e for th e

l a b ora tory H VAC syste m , th e a b i l i ty to

tra n si ti on from n orm a l powe r to th e

b a cku p syste m sh ou l d be ve ri fi ed . I f

n o b a cku p system i s a va i l a b l e , th e

a b i l i ty of th e H VAC system to

tra n si ti on to a “sta ti c” con d i ti o n , i . e . ,

n o ou twa rd a i rfl ow, sh ou l d b e ve ri fi ed

( initially an d every 1 2–1 8 m onths ) .

3. Re tu rn from p owe r o u ta ge or

e m e rge n cy or a l te rn a te p owe r sou rce

to n orm a l or p refe rred powe r sou rce

( initially an d every 1 2–1 8 m onths )

4. E l e ctri ca l fa i l u re of m u l ti p l e ( i n cl u d i n g

re d u n d a n t) BSL-3 /ABSL-3 su p p l y fa n s

o r fa n com p on e n t( s) . P l a u si b l e

m u l ti p l e fa n fa i l u re s a re th ose fa n s

fe d from a com m on d i stri b u ti on

e l e m e n t su ch a s a si n gl e b re a ke r

( initially ) .

5. Su p p l y fa n fa i l u re of syste m se rvi n g

a d j a ce n t a rea s ( initially )

6. E xh a u st fa n fa i l u re of syste m servi n g

a d j a ce n t a rea s ( initially )

7. Si n gl e su p p l y or e xh a u st syste m

con trol l e r fa i l u re se rvi n g th e

BSL-3 /ABSL-3 ( in itially )

8. Loss of com m u n i ca ti on s on th e BAS

con trol l oca l a re a n e twork ( LAN )

( initially )

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

9. Co n trol l e r p owe r ci rcu i t tri p ( initially )

1 0. Fa i l u re o f U P S ou tp u t b re a ke r or

b a tte ri e s for p owe r to BAS ( initially )

1 1 . D u ct sta ti c p re ssu re se n so r fa i l u re

( initially )

1 2 . Fa i l u re o f a u to m a te d b i o-se a l d a m p er

( l oss of si gn a l or powe r sou rce to i t

( initially )

1 3 . Fa i l u re o f a i r te rm i n a l u n i t con trol l i n g

a i rfl o w to th e BSL-3 /ABSL-3 zo n e

( initially )

1 4. Cl osu re of l oca l fi re /sm oke d a m pe rs

( initially )

I f “n o re versa l ” /d e si red a i rfl ow i s

a ccom p l i sh e d i n e m p i ri ca l te sti n g, a

n u m e ri ca l te sti n g m e th od ol ogy m a y b e

u se d to e va l u a te th e p ote n ti a l ri sk. By

u si n g a n u m e ri ca l te sti n g m e th od ol ogy,

Get more FREE standards from Standard Sharing

th e Group
a m ou n t of a i r and
d i sp lour chats
a ce m en t a n d

con ta m i n a n t l e a ka ge th a t m i gh t occu r

d u ri n g a p owe r o u ta ge , wh i ch m a y re su l t

i n a m om en ta ry p osi ti ve p re ssu re re ve rsa l

i n a BSL-3 fa ci l i ty, ca n be ca l cu l a te d . Th e

u l ti m a te goa l i n d e si gn a n d op e ra ti on of a

BSL-3 fa ci l i ty i s to a ch i e ve su sta i n ed

d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow su ch th a t u n d e r fa i l u re

con d i ti o n s th e a i rfl o w wi l l n ot b e

re ve rse d . A n u m e ri ca l m e th od ol o gy

sh ou l d be a p p l i ed wh en a n d on l y wh en a l l

o th er m e a su re s to a ch i eve ze ro tol e ra n ce

h a ve be e n ru l e d ou t. On l y a fter

d e term i n i n g th a t ze ro to l e ra n ce ca n n ot

b e a ch i e ve d for th e BSL-3 fa ci l i ty i n

q u e sti on sh ou l d a n u m eri ca l m od e l be

e m p l oyed to p e rfo rm a h e a l th a n d sa fe ty

ri sk a sse ssm e n t to d ete rm i n e th e re ve rse

a i rfl o w to l e ra n ce .

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Documentation: Re su l ts of th e fa i l u re

te sts sh o u l d b e d ocu m e n te d a n d fi l e d

a p p rop ri a te l y.

Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on sh ou l d b e re ta i n ed

b a se d o n th e d ocu m en t re ten ti on p ol i cy

sp e ci fi c for ea ch fa ci l i ty.

8.4.3 Testing of Anterooms

Test Purpose and Methodology

An te ro om s sh a l l b e te sted for d i re cti o n a l Purpose of Test: To ve ri fy p e rform a n ce of

a i rfl ow i n con j u n cti on wi th a ssoci a ted H VAC ve n ti l a ti on syste m s se rvi n g th e a n te room

a n d d oor con trol s ( re fe r to se cti o n 8. 4. 1 for d u ri n g rou ti n e e n try a n d e xi t from th e

sp e ci fi c i n form a ti on on te sti n g for d i re cti on a l con ta i n m e n t sp a ce .

a i rfl ow) .

Recommended Methodology:
Th e con ta i n m en t fu n cti on p rovi d ed b y An te room s sh ou l d b e te ste d to ve ri fy

a n te ro om s sh a l l b e te sted a n d d ocu m en te d fu n cti on a l i ty. Th e fo l l owi n g te sts sh ou l d

b e fore i n i ti a l op e ra ti on , p e ri od i ca l l y th e re a fte r b e d on e wh en a p p l i ca b l e.

( a n n u a l l y or a s d ete rm i n e d b y fa ci l i ty-sp e ci fi c
1. Te st of se l f-cl osi n g d e vi ce s o n e a ch
ri sk a sse ssm e n t) a n d a fte r a n y si gn i fi ca n t
d oor to l a tch th e d o or i n cl o se d
a l te ra ti on s of th e a n te room s or a sso ci a ted
p osi ti on
ve n ti l a ti on syste m e l e m en ts or oth er

a l te ra ti o n s th a t ca n a ffe ct th a t fu n cti on .
• D oor cl ose rs sh ou l d be of

su ffi ci en t stren gth to overcom e

p ressu re s b etwe e n a d j a ce n t

sp a ce s.

2. Ve ri fi ca ti o n of d oor i n te rl o ck

• I f p rovi d ed wi th e l e ctri ca l l y

con trol l e d d oor i n te rl ocks, te st

wh e th er e a ch d o or re m a i n s

l ocke d wh i l e th e oth er i s o p e n e d .

Ve ri fy op e ra ti on of e m e rge n cy

ove r-ri d e s of l o cks.

• I f e l e ctri ca l l y con tro l l ed d oor

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

i n te rl ocks a re n ot p rovi d e d , ve ri fy

th e p re se n ce of o th e r con trol s

( e . g. , si gn a ge , SOP s, th e p re se n ce

o f m ore th a n two d oors i n se ri e s

i n cl u d i n g wi n d ows i n d oo rs) th a t

wi l l su ffi ci en tl y m i ti ga te th e ri sk o f

a n ove ra l l l oss of d i re cti on a l

a i rfl o w wh en two d oors a re

o p e n e d si m u l ta n eou sl y.

3. Ve ri fi ca ti o n of a l a rm s a sso ci a te d wi th

n o n -cl ose d d oors, i f provi d e d

• Te st e a ch d oo r for d u ra ti on of

d oor op en i n g a n d a ssoci a te d

a l a rm fu n cti on .

4. Ve ri fi ca ti o n of d oor swi tch e s l i n ke d to

a i r va l ve s or bu bb l e -ti gh t d a m p e rs, i f

p rovi d ed

• Te st fu n cti on of swi tch e s b y

Get more FREE standards from Standard Sharing Group and our chats
m on i tori n g th e va l ve/d a m p e r

op e ra ti o n wi th re spe cti ve d oor

swi tch p osi ti on .

5. Te sti n g for d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow sh ou l d

a l l ow vi si b l e veri fi ca ti on of sm o ke

wh e th er th e d oor i s cl ose d or p a rti a l l y

op e n e d . Refe r to se cti on 8. 4. 1 for

m ore i n form a ti on .

Documentation: Re su l ts of th e te sts

sh ou l d be d ocu m en ted a n d fi l ed

a p p rop ri a te l y.

Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on sh ou l d b e re ta i n ed

b a se d o n th e d ocu m en t-re ten ti on p o l i cy

sp e ci fi c for ea ch fa ci l i ty.

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

8.4.4 Testing of Primary Containment Equipment

Test Purpose and Methodology

P ri m a ry con ta i n m e n t eq u i p m en t th a t i s Purpose of Test: To ve ri fy th a t th e

con n e cte d to or a ffe cted b y a i r cu rren ts from ve n ti l a ti on syste m ope ra ti on s d o n ot

th e H VAC syste m sh a l l be te ste d a n d n e ga ti ve l y a ffe ct th e pe rform a n ce of th e

d ocu m en ted b e fore i n i ti a l op era ti on , p ri m a ry con ta i n m e n t e q u i p m en t th a t i s

p e ri od i ca l l y th e re a fte r ( a n n u a l l y or a s con n e cte d to o r ca n be a ffe cte d b y th e

d e term i n ed b y fa ci l i ty-spe ci fi c ri sk a sse ssm e n t) ve n ti l a ti on syste m .

a n d a fte r a n y si gn i fi ca n t a l te ra ti on s o f th e

e q u i p m e n t or a sso ci a te d H VAC syste m E xa m p l e s of p ri m a ry con ta i n m en t

e l e m e n ts or oth e r a l te ra ti on s th a t ca n a ffe ct e q u i p m e n t th a t sh ou l d be te ste d i n cl u d e ,

th e e q u i p m e n t pe rform a n ce . b u t a re n ot l i m i ted to:

• Cl a ss I a n d I I BSCs th a t d i sch a rge

to th e ro om ( p l a ce m en t i n th e

roo m wi th re sp e ct to a i r cu rre n ts)

• Ca n op y ( th i m b l e ) con n e cte d Cl a ss

I I BSCs

• H a rd d u cted Cl a ss I I o r I I I BSCs

• H a rd -d u cted Cl a ss I BSCs a n d

ch e m i ca l fu m e h ood s

• Ve n ti l a ted a n i m a l -ca gi n g

e q u i p m e n t con n e cte d to th e

b u i l d i n g e xh a u st syste m ( se e

se cti on 8. 4. 9 )

• E q u i p m e n t i sol a tors con n e cted to

th e bu i l d i n g e xh a u st syste m

Recommended Methodology:
Class I and II biosafety cabinets that

disch arge to th e room :

• Ve ri fy th a t a i r cu rre n ts from d oor

swi n gs a n d th e ven ti l a ti on syste m

d o n ot i n te rfe re wi th a i r ca p tu re

a t th e sa sh op en i n g b y testi n g

wi th sm o ke o r oth e r vi su a l

i n d i ca to r.

69
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Canopy- (th im ble -) conn ected Class II

biosafety cabinets:

• Ve ri fy th a t a i r cu rre n ts from d oor

swi n gs a n d th e ven ti l a ti on syste m

d o n ot i n te rfe re wi th a i r ca p tu re

a t th e sa sh op en i n g b y testi n g

wi th sm oke or oth e r vi su a l

i n d i ca to r.

• Ve ri fy i n wa rd fl ow a t th e ga p of

th e ca n op y ( th i m b l e ) con n e cti on

wi th sm oke or oth e r vi su a l

i n d i ca to r. N o sm o ke sh ou l d

re tu rn to th e room on ce i t en ters

th rou gh th e ga p u n d e r n orm a l

o p e ra ti o n of th e ve n ti l a ti on

syste m .

• Ve ri fy th a t l oss o f i n fl o w a i r a t th e

ca n o p y con n e cti on ge n era te s a

l oca l a u d i b l e a n d vi su a l a l a rm a s

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re q u i re d b y N SF 49 se cti on
7

5 . 2 3 . 4.

Hard-ducted Class II or III biosafety

cabinets:

• Te st a n d ve ri fy th a t th e exh a u st

fl ow i s wi th i n th e a cce pta b l e

a i rfl o w ra n ge p rovi d e d by th e

m a n u fa ctu re r of th e Cl a ss I I a n d

Cl a ss I I I BSCs.

• For Cl a ss I I BSCs, ve ri fy th a t th e

su p p l y fa n i n te rl ock ge n era te s

a u d i b l e a n d vi su a l a l a rm s a t a

re d u ced e xh a u st vol u m e of 2 0%

wi th i n 1 5 se con d s, a n d th a t th e

i n te rn a l ca b i n et fa n i s i n te rl ocke d

to sh u t off a t th e sa m e ti m e th e

a l a rm i s a cti va ted .

• For Cl a ss I I I BSCs, i f th e ca b i n et i s

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

e xh a u ste d b y a d ed i ca ted syste m

th a t i s sep a ra te from th e roo m ’ s

ge n e ra l e xh a u st, e n su re th a t

wh e n th e ca b i n e t e xh a u st i s sh u t

o ff, a vi su a l a n d a u d i b l e a l a rm i s

a cti va te d a n d th e roo m

ve n ti l a ti on syste m a d j u sts for th e

re d u cti on of fl ow from th e Cl a ss

I I I BSC ( i . e . , th e room ’ s ve n ti l a ti on

syste m p re ve n ts posi ti ve

p re ssu ri za ti o n a n d /o r a n a i rfl ow

d i re cti on re ve rsa l ) .

Hard-ducted Class I biosafety cabinets

and chem ical fum e h oods:

• Te st a n d ve ri fy th a t th e exh a u st

fl ow a n d fa ce ve l oci ty i s wi th i n

th e a cce p ta b l e ra n ge s p rovi d e d

b y th e m a n u fa ctu re r of th e BSC

o r fu m e h ood or a s re q u i re d b y

a p p l i ca b l e sta n d a rd s ( e . g. ,
27
AN SI /ASH RAE 11 0) .

• Ve ri fy th a t a i r cu rre n ts from d oor

swi n gs a n d th e ven ti l a ti on syste m

d o n ot i n te rfe re wi th a i r ca p tu re

a t th e sa sh op en i n g by testi n g

wi th sm oke or oth e r vi su a l

i n d i ca to r.

Ven tilated anim al-caging equipm ent

connected to th e buildin g exhaust

system :

• Th e ven ti l a ted a n i m a l -ca gi n g

e q u i p m e n t sh ou l d m ee t th e

re q u i re m en ts for a i r-ch a n ge ra te s

a n d th e rm a l or h u m i d i ty
25
re q u i re m en ts from The Guide .

71
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

• Ventilated animal -caging

equipment that is connected to in
situ ventilation systems should be
tested for proper operation to
ensure directional airflow,
negative pressure, and controls
alarming.
• Ventilated animal-caging
equipment that is integrated
using single airflow-control valves
from several cage racks should be
tested with multiple racks
connected and disconnected;
valve performance needs to be
validated whether it is installed
with a 1 to 1 ratio or 1 to greater
than 1 ratio.
• Ventilated animal-caging
equipment that is connected to in
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situGroup and our
ventilation chats should
systems
include tests to validate room
pressurization with the
individually ventilated cages
disconnected.
• Test impact of in situ and facility
system failures on ventilated
animal-caging equipment
performance; ventilated animal-
caging equipment should
maintain negative pressure.
• Verify procedures for total fan
failure, including power failure
and include electrical, normal,
and standby power and UPS-
failure tests if equipped.
• Test for fan interlocks between
ventilated animal-caging
equipment and exhaust fans if

72
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

su p p l i e d ( i f m a i n e xh a u st fa i l s,

h a rd -con n e cted ve n ti l a te d

a n i m a l -ca gi n g b l owe rs sh o u l d

a l so fa i l .

• Wh e re ve n ti l a ted a n i m a l -ca gi n g

e q u i p m e n t i s u sed a n d th e l oca l

ri sk a sse ssm e n t d ete rm i n e s th a t

re d u ced a i rfl ow ra te s a re

a l l owa b l e , th e se ra te s sh o u l d b e

te sted to e n su re con ta i n m e n t

p re ssu re re l a ti on sh i p s a n d

d i re cti on a l a i rfl ows a re

m a i n ta i n ed .

Equipm en t isolators con n ected to the

building exhaust system :

D u e to th e wi d e va ri ety o f eq u i p m en t

i sol a to rs i n u se ( e . g. , ri gi d vs. fl e xi b l e

wa l l s, op e n vs. gl o ve a cce ss, a n d se l f-

e xh a u ste d vs. e xh a u ste d b y th e fa ci l i ty’ s

ve n ti l a ti on syste m ) , th e te st

m e th od ol ogi e s d e scri b ed for oth e r

p ri m a ry con ta i n m e n t e q u i p m en t sh ou l d

b e a p p l i ed a s a pp rop ri a te on a ca se-

sp e ci fi c ba si s. For e xa m pl e , se l f-

e xh a u ste d i sol a tors wi th o p e n a cce ss

th a t d i sch a rge to th e room sh ou l d b e

te sted u si n g th e sa m e m e th od ol ogi e s a s

Cl a ss I a n d I I BSCs th a t d i sch a rge to th e

ro om .

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh ou l d be reta i n e d b a sed on th e

d ocu m en t re te n ti on pol i cy sp e ci fi c fo r

e a ch fa ci l i ty.

73
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

8.4.5 Testing of Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) System and Controls

Test Purpose and Methodology

H VAC syste m s sh a l l b e teste d to ve ri fy th e H VAC syste m s for BSL-3 /ABSL -3

n e ce ssa ry a i r ch a n ge s a n d d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow l a b o ra tori e s sh ou l d b e d e si gn e d to

d u ri n g n orm a l o p e ra ti on a n d d i re cti on a l p rovi d e d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow wi th ou t

a i rfl ow d u ri n g syste m fa i l u re s. a i rfl ow re versa l s u n l e ss a i rfl ow

re ve rsa l ( s) a re d ocu m en te d to b e

a cce p ta b l e b y a wri tte n ri sk a sse ssm e n t.

Th e se H VAC syste m s sh ou l d a l so

m i n i m i ze a n y re ve rsa l o f a i rfl o w ou t of

th e con ta i n m en t sp a ce s d u ri n g syste m

fa i l u re s.

Te sts sh a l l b e p e rfo rm ed b efo re i n i ti a l Purpose of Test: To ve ri fy th e ca p a b i l i ty

op e ra ti on , a n d p e ri od i ca l l y th ere a fte r a s of BSL-3 /ABSL-3 H VAC syste m s to

d e term i n ed b y th e fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm e n t a n d p rovi d e a sa fe a n d re l i a b l e con ta i n m e n t

th e SOP a n d a fte r a n y si gn i fi ca n t a l te ra ti on s a i rfl ow d u ri n g n o rm a l ope ra ti n g

th a t ca n a d ve rsel y i m p a ct th e ve n ti l a ti on co n d i ti on s a n d syste m fa i l u re con d i ti on s.

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syste m .

General Methods: A stru ctu red p l a n

sh ou l d be p re p a re d for te sti n g H VAC

syste m s a n d con trol s th a t d e fi n e s a l l

p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on a cti vi ti e s to be

p e rform ed d u ri n g th i s p roce ss. Th i s p l a n

sh ou l d a l so i d en ti fy a l l d e vi a ti on s th a t

occu r from th e ori gi n a l d e si gn a n d

su b se q u en t m od i fi ca ti on s m a d e

th e re a fte r.

Pre-testing Preparations: Te sti n g sh ou l d

b e coord i n a ted wi th re l eva n t

sta ke h ol d e rs ( su ch a s con tra ctors, BSO,

fa ci l i ty m a n a ge r, th i rd -pa rty te sti n g

a ge n ts, l a b ora tory te ch n i ci a n s, e tc. ) ,

fol l owi n g e sta b l i sh ed SOP s a s a p p l i ca b l e .

• Ve ri fy re a d i n e ss of H VAC syste m s

to b e te ste d . En su re se a l i n g a n d

74
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

p re ssu re i n te gri ty of th e l a b i s p e r

op e ra ti on a l i n ten t

• Con fi rm p en e tra ti on s a re se a l ed

a n d n ot d e gra d e d ( refe r to

se cti on 8. 4. 8)

• Con fi rm d oors a re a l i gn ed a s

re q u i re d a n d l a tch p roperl y

• Con fi rm a l l d o or se a l s a n d swe e p s

a re m a i n ta i n e d a n d i n p rop e r

ord e r

• Con fi rm a l l tra p s a re se a l e d or fu l l

i n cl u d i n g fl oor d ra i n s, si n k d ra i n s,

i ce -m a ch i n e d ra i n s, e tc.

E xa m p l e te sts m a y i n cl u d e :

• Ai rfl ow ra te s a n d a i r ch a n ge ra te s

• Ai rfl ow offsets

• Ro om d i ffere n ti a l p re ssu re ra n ge

• D i re cti on a l a i rfl ow

• Te m p e ra tu re a n d h u m i d i ty

re q u i re m en ts

• E xh a u st a i r-sta ck d i sch a rge

ve l oci ty

• Fi re a l a rm a n d H VAC i n tegra ti on

• BAS a n d re l a te d con trol /a l a rm

fu n cti on s

• P e a k H E P A fi l te r l oa d s

• Re d u n d a n cy/ca p a ci ty

re q u i re m en ts

Frequency of Testing: Ba se l i n e

p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on te sti n g i s

n e ce ssa ry p ri o r to i n i ti a ti on of l a b ora to ry

op e ra ti on s a n d p e ri od i ca l l y th ere a fte r.

Al l ope ra ti on a l p a ra m e ters sh ou l d b e

ve ri fi e d th orou gh l y for pro p e r

fu n cti on a l i ty d u ri n g b a sel i n e te sti n g.

75
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

P l a n n i n g fo r su b seq u e n t te sts of th e

H VAC syste m sh ou l d be m a d e b a se d on

th e fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm en ts a n d

p e ri od i ca l l y re -e xa m i n ed to e n su re

a d e q u a cy o f th e p l a n .

Th e typ e s of te sts d e scri b e d b e l o w a re

p rovi d ed a s a co m p reh en si ve re sou rce of

m e th od ol ogi e s for con si d e ra ti on i n

d e ve l op m e n t of a si te -spe ci fi c H VAC

p e rform a n ce-ve ri fi ca ti on p l a n th a t

sh ou l d be d e ve l op e d for e ve ry h i gh -

con ta i n m e n t l a b ora tory.

Re fe r to se cti o n 8. 4. 2 for re com m en d ed

i n te rva l s b etwe e n re -te sti n gs.

8.4.5.1 A te st to e sta b l i sh th e b a se l i n e Purpose of Test: D e si gn a i rfl ows a re

p a ra m ete rs of th e H VAC syste m sh a l l b e e sta b l i sh e d to m a i n ta i n sp a ce

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p e rform ed for a l l con ta i n m e n t sp a ce s. Th e se
te m Group
pe ra tu re and
, re l a ti our
ve h u mchats
i d i ty a n d

te sts sh a l l i n cl u d e a ctu a l m e a su re m e n ts of m i n i m u m ve n ti l a ti on re q u i re m en ts.

su p p l y, e xh a u st/re tu rn , a n d tra n sfe r a i rfl o w Ai rfl ow offsets a re e sta b l i sh e d to

ra te s, ca l i b ra ti on o f a i rfl o w m o n i tori n g m a i n ta i n d i re cti on a l a i rfl ows for

d e vi ce s, a n d a i r ch a n ge ra te s ( ch a n ge s pe r co n ta i n m e n t. Th i s te st, n orm a l l y en ti tl e d

h ou r) . Re vi e w a i rfl ow p a ra m e te rs cu rren tl y TAB, sh ou l d con fi rm th a t th e a ctu a l fl o w

i n d i ca te d on con tro l a n d m on i to ri n g syste m s ra te s m e e t th e p e rform a n ce

a n d com p a re th e m to cu rre n t req u i re m e n ts e xp e cta ti on s fo r m e eti n g e n vi ron m en ta l

d u ri n g e a ch re-te st. Te sts sh a l l b e p e rform ed con d i ti on s a n d d i re cti on a l a i rfl o w.

b e fore i n i ti a l op e ra ti o n , a n d p e ri od i ca l l y

th e re a fte r a s d ete rm i n ed b y th e fa ci l i ty ri sk Re fe r to fa ci l i ty op e ra ti n g a n d

a sse ssm e n t a n d SOP a n d a fte r a n y si gn i fi ca n t m a i n ten a n ce re cord s. H i stori ca l d a ta on

a l te ra ti on s th a t ca n a d verse l y i m p a ct th e a i rfl ow a va i l a b l e from con trol o r

ve n ti l a ti on syste m . m on i tori n g syste m s sh ou l d be re vi e wed

d u ri n g pe ri od i c te sti n g. I t i s th e

re sp on si b i l i ty of th e fa ci l i ty’ s sta ff to

ca l i b ra te a i rfl ow se n sors i n a cco rd a n ce

wi th m a n u fa ctu re r’ s re com m e n d a ti on s.

Re -te sti n g wi l l typ i ca l l y n o t i n vo l ve

76
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

ch e cki n g a i rfl ow se n sor ca l i b ra ti on .

Recommended Methodology:
De term i n e a n d d ocu m en t l a bora to ry

ve n ti l a ti on pe rform a n ce re q u i re m en ts.

Te st m e th od s u ti l i zed b y TAB a ge n ts va ry.

H owe ve r, th e b a si c p ri n ci p l e s a n d

m e th od s sh ou l d fo l l ow N a ti on a l

E n vi ron m e n ta l Ba l a n ci n g Bu re a u
28
( N E BB) or Associ a te d Ai r Ba l a n ce
29
Cou n ci l ( AABC) te st m eth od s.

1. M e a su re a ctu a l a i rfl ows a t a l l ou tl ets

a n d i n l ets.

2. M e a su re fa ce ve l o ci ty a t p ri m a ry

co n ta i n m e n t, fu m e h oo d s, ca p tu re

h ood s, etc.

3. Con fi rm ca l i bra ti on of th e a i rfl o w-

m e a su ri n g d e vi ce s.

4. E n su re a i r d i stri b u ti on pa tte rn s

wi th i n th e room d o n ot com p rom i se

p ri m a ry con ta i n m e n t o r ca u se

l oca l i ze d a i rfl ow re ve rsa l s a t b a rri er.

5. Ca l cu l a te a i r-ch a n ge ra tes a n d

com p a re to d e si gn a n d cu rre n t

re q u i re m en ts.

6. D e term i n e/ca l cu l a te tra n sfe r

a i rfl ows.

7. Asse ss i n d i ca te d or m e a su re d a i rfl ow

ra te s re l a ti ve to d e si gn /cu rre n t

re q u i re m en ts.

D u ri n g th i s te sti n g, con si d e r th e effe cts

of fi l ter l oa d i n g. Du ri n g i n i ti a l te sti n g,

a i rfl ows sh ou l d be con fi rm e d a t th e

e xtre m e s of fi l te r l o a d i n g.

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh ou l d i n cl u d e TAB d ocu m e n ts l i sti n g

77
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

airflow rates and , as applicable ,

comparison to the airflow rates indicated
by monitoring and control systems,
calculated air-change rates, and airflow
offsets for each space. Test documents
should also include trend logs of the
airflow performance over time.

8.4.5.2 Test each room for directional airflow Refer to sections 8.4.1 Directional Airflow
prior to initial operation and periodically during Normal Operation and 8.4.2
thereafter, as determined by the facility risk Directional Airflow during System
assessment and SOP, and after any significant Failures.
alterations that can adversely impact the
ventilation system.

This requirement is to physically test the Refer to facility operating and

differential pressure and directional airflow. maintenance records for review of
historical documentation.

8.4.5.3 Measure ment

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relative humidity for all rooms inside the temperatures and relative humidity are
containment barrier and in rooms that support established to maintain occupant
operations that are critical for the comfort, scientific equipment and
maintenance of the containment barrier shall process requirements, animal-holding
be performed as indicated by facility risk requirements, etc. This test should
assessments. confirm that the HVAC system meets the
performance expectations to meet the
Baseline testing shall include calibration of required environmental conditions.
sensors and confirmation of system’s ability to
maintain required conditions. Tests shall be The risk assessment should identify
performed before initial operation, and critical rooms in which temperature and
periodically thereafter as determined by the humidity maintenance are critical to
facility risk assessment and SOP and after any containment.
significant alterations that can adversely
impact the ventilation system. Refer to facility operating and
maintenance records. Historical records
should be reviewed to confirm the ability
of the system to maintain conditions

78
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

ove r a n y a pp l i ca b l e a ssessm e n t p e ri od .

Recommended Methodology: To ve ri fy

ste a d y-sta te pe rform a n ce of sp a ce

te m pe ra tu re a n d re l a ti ve h u m i d i ty th e

fol l owi n g m e th od s ( or eq u i va l en t) sh ou l d

b e con si d e re d :

1. Con fi rm ca l i b ra ti on of th e

te m pe ra tu re a n d h u m i d i ty se n so rs

or sta ts.

2. Con fi rm se n sors a re re pre se n ta ti ve

of re q u i re d con d i ti on s.

3. I n i ti a te set-p oi n t a n d l oa d ch a n ge s

to con fi rm re spo n se of con trol

syste m s.

4. Op e ra te sp a ce s a cross ra n ge s of set-

p oi n ts, l oa d con d i ti on s, a n d m od e s

of op e ra ti on a n d con fi rm syste m ’ s

a b i l i ty to m e et req u i re m e n ts.

5. Log con d i ti on s ove r a t l ea st on e

we e k a n d a n a l yze d a ta to co n fi rm

re q u i re m en ts a re m e t ( su ch a s vi a

h i sto ri ca l tren d l o gs, vi a ca l i b ra ted

BAS se n sors or i n d ep e n d e n t

te m pe ra tu re a n d h u m i d i ty l ogge rs

p l a ce d a t re p re se n ta ti ve l oca ti on s i n

th e sp a ce ) .

6. Log con d i ti on s ove r 2 h ou rs to

con fi rm re q u i re m e n ts a re m e t.

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh ou l d i n cl u d e re cord s of a l l se n sor

ca l i b ra ti on s a n d te sts a n d l ogs o f sp a ce

te m pe ra tu re a n d re l a ti ve h u m i d i ty for

e a ch sp a ce .

79
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

8.4.5.4 Measurement of BSL-3/ABSL-3 exhaust Purpose of Test: To verify that the

stack velocity to atmosphere shall be exhaust discharge velocity is per the
performed as indicated by facility risk design requirement. The velocity should
assessments. be equal to or greater than that noted in
the most recent version of project
documentation listed in section 8.2. This
velocity may be modified based on a
combination of risk assessment, facility
use, and SOPs.

BSL-3/ABSL-3 exhaust air system may or

may not have HEPA filtration. The need
to ensure that the exhaust plume is
directed into the atmosphere and does
not re-entrain into air intakes is
important. Normally, survival of
infectious material is limited outside of
the natural hosts. Ensuring that exhaust
plumes are high enough into the
atmosphere
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fluctuations, dilution, and ultraviolet to
avoid risks of infection and cross-
contaminations.

Recommended Methodology: Test

airflow and velocity at all exhaust stacks
for normal minimum airflow conditions.
Test velocity under reduced airflow
modes for failure scenarios or for
reduced ventilation scenarios.

Documentation: Test documentation

should include velocity measurements
for each test condition for each stack.

8.4.5.5 Each laboratory ventilation system Purpose of Test: To verify containment

shall be tested for response to fire/smoke directional airflow and system operations
alarms in accordance with requirements as when building fire-protection systems

80
 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

established in project documents, including are activated. Fire-protection and

the facility risk assessment and requirements associated life-safety requirements for
of the AHJ. Tests shall be performed before containment spaces are sometimes
initial operation and periodically thereafter as opposing regarding the required
determined by the facility risk assessment and responses of the ventilation systems. The
AHJ, including after any significant alterations design intent and risk assessment should
that can adversely impact the ventilation or have specifically defined the responses
associated control systems. to a fire or smoke condition. These
parameters must be verified to ensure
no sustained reversal of airflow occurs
when fire protection systems are
activated.

Recommended Methodology: Solutions

will vary for individual facilities based
upon a number of variables such as
facility design, system zoning and fire
separations, smoke-control approaches,
pressurized fire shafts, etc. Each facility
must therefore have a dedicated fire
testing plan to ensure that the function
and response of ventilation systems
during fire alarm conditions are known to
management and incorporated into the
SOP and risk assessment.

Testing entity should, in collaboration

with the responsible authorities, test fire-
alarm procedures and potential impact
on containment operations. List all
adverse fire protection and containment
implications and ensure SOPs address
the containment implications.

Testing entity should review project

design documents, and in particular the
control sequence of operations, and if
necessary, consult with facility

81
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

m a n a ge m en t a n d th e l oca l AH J to

d e term i n e wh a t p erti n en t gu i d el i n e s a n d

sta n d a rd s h a ve b e en a d op ted a s cod e or

wa i ve rs.

For e xa m p l e , N a ti o n a l Fi re P rote cti on

30 31
( N FP A) sta n d a rd s 45 ® , N FP A® 9 0A,
32
a n d N FP A® 105 h a ve i m p l i ca ti on s th a t

ca n d i re ctl y a ffe ct req u i re d ven ti l a ti on

op e ra ti on a n d fi re-p rotecti on re sp on se .

I n sp e ct a n d te st to e n su re fi re -prote cti on

a p p roa ch e s wi l l n ot pose u n a ccep ta b l e

ri sks to con ta i n m en t ( e . g. , e n su re n o

sm o ke d a m p e rs h a ve b ee n i n sta l l ed i n

th e e xh a u st system ) .

Th e fol l owi n g te sti n g sh ou l d b e

con si d e red :

1. I n i ti a te fi re a l a rm ou tsi d e of

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co n ta i n m and
e n t ( in ourand
itially chats
as

otherwise required ) .

• Con fi rm th a t i n ca se of a fi re

a l a rm i n i ti a te d ou tsi d e th e

con ta i n m en t a re a , th e fi re -a l a rm

syste m d oe s n o t sh u t d own or

a d ve rse l y a ffe ct th e l a b ora to ry

ve n ti l a ti on syste m s.

• Con fi rm a n y sm oke-con trol

re a cti o n s d o n o t ca u se su sta i n e d

re ve rsa l of a i rfl ow from th e

con ta i n m en t a re a .

2. I n i ti a te a fi re a l a rm i n si d e of

co n ta i n m e n t ( in itially and as

otherwise required ) .

• Con fi rm th a t i n ca se of a fi re

a l a rm i n i ti a te d i n si d e th e

con ta i n m en t a re a , th e ve n ti l a ti on

syste m re a cts a ccord i n g to

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

re q u i re m en ts e sta bl i sh ed b y th e

d e si gn a n d ri sk a sse ssm en t.

• Con fi rm th e re a cti on d oes n o t

ca u se a su sta i n e d p osi ti ve

p re ssu re com p a re d to th e

a d j a ce n t n on -con ta i n m en t a re a s.

3. I n i ti a te a sm oke -/d u ct-d e te ctor

a cti va ti on ( initially and as otherwise

required ) .

• Con fi rm th a t i n ca se of a sm oke -

/d u ct-d e te ctor a cti va ti on , th e

ve n ti l a ti on syste m re a cts

a cco rd i n g to re q u i re m en ts

e sta b l i sh e d b y th e d e si gn a n d ri sk

a sse ssm e n t.

• Con fi rm th a t sm o ke con trol

re a cti on d oe s n ot ca u se a

su sta i n e d p osi ti ve p re ssu re

co m p a re d to th e a d j a cen t n on -

co n ta i n m e n t a re a s.

Acce p ta n ce cri te ri a sh ou l d be d e fi n e d i n

th e ri sk a sse ssm e n t.

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh ou l d i n cl u d e con ta i n m e n t p e rform a n ce

( d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow) for va ri ou s fi re-a l a rm

co n d i ti on s te ste d .

8.4.5.6 Th e BAS/co n trol syste m s sh a l l b e Th e fol l owi n g te sts wi l l en su re th a t th e

te sted d u ri n g a b n orm a l op e ra ti on a n d to veri fy BAS a n d /or con tro l system s p rop e rl y

p e rform a n ce a s i n d i ca ted b y fa ci l i ty ri sk co n tro l th e H VAC syste m s wi th i n a

a sse ssm e n ts. Te sts sh a l l b e p e rform ed be fore co n ta i n m e n t l a b ora tory a n d p rote ct

i n i ti a l ope ra ti on a n d pe ri od i ca l l y th e re a fte r a s re l a ted p ri m a ry, se con d a ry, a n d terti a ry

d e term i n ed b y th e fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm e n t a n d co n ta i n m e n ts. Th e se te sts sh ou l d

SO P a n d a fte r a n y si gn i fi ca n t a l te ra ti on s th a t co n fi rm th e d e si gn a n d op e ra ti n g

ca n a d ve rse l y i m p a ct th e ve n ti l a ti on syste m . p e rform a n ce s to m a i n ta i n co n ta i n m e n t.

Th e e xte n t of b u i l d i n g a u tom a ti on a n d

83
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

BAS syste m s sh a l l b e con ti n u ou sl y m on i tored con trol syste m s va ry grea tl y a m on g

to fa ci l i ta te a n i m m e d i a te n oti fi ca ti on a n d BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tori es. Th e i n te n t of

re sp on se b y q u a l i fi ed p erson n e l a s a p p rop ri a te th i s se cti o n i s to a d d re ss typ i ca l H VAC

to th e a l a rm con d i ti on . a n d a ssoci a ted co n trol e l e m e n ts i n a

BSL-3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tory. N ot a l l of th e se

I n th e e ve n t th a t th e fa ci l i ty d oe s n o t h a ve a n e l e m e n ts wi l l a p p l y to a l l l a b ora tori e s.

a u tom a ted syste m , th e re m u st be a m e a n s for Ap p l y th e req u i re m e n ts b e l ow to

a n d veri fi ca ti o n of a pp rop ri a te a l a rm i n g a n d a p p l i ca b l e e l e m e n ts se rvi n g th e fa ci l i ty.

re p orti n g.

Stru ctu re s a n d d u ctwork sh ou l d b e

ca p a b l e o f wi th sta n d i n g b o th n orm a l a n d

a b n o rm a l p re ssu re s ca u se d b y fa n

fa i l u re s, wi n d p re ssu re s, a n d oth e r

e n vi ron m e n ta l i n fl u e n ces. E xce ssi ve h i gh

p re ssu re s ( p osi ti ve or n ega ti ve ) ca u sed

b y te sti n g sh ou l d b e e va l u a ted fi rst a n d

con si d e red i n th e d e si gn a n d te sti n g p l a n

p ri or to te sti n g. P re ssu re re l i ef d e vi ce s

a re a va i l a b l e to m i ti ga te th i s p rob l e m

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wi th Group
e xce ssi ve p reand our
ssu re s. chats

P e rform a n ce te sti n g sh ou l d i n cl u d e te sts

con d u cte d i n i ti a l l y to e sta b l i sh b a se l i n e

p a ra m ete rs a n d a fte r a n y a l te ra ti on s of

th e BAS or oth e r syste m com p on en t th a t

m a y a d ve rse l y i m p a ct th e BAS fu n cti on

a n d p e ri od i ca l l y th e re a fte r a s i n d i ca te d

b y fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm e n ts.

Ve ri fy a l a rm s a re fu n cti on i n g p rop e rl y. Purpose of Test: Al a rm s a re n e ce ssa ry to

p rovi d e n oti ce to o ccu p a n ts a n d fi rst

re sp on d e rs i n a n e m e rgen cy si tu a ti on ,

ou t-of-ra n ge op e ra ti n g co n d i ti on s, a n d

fa i l e d ope ra ti n g con d i ti on s. Typ i ca l

con d i ti on s i n cl u d e :

1. La b ora tory or con ta i n m en t b a rri er

p re ssu re re ve rsa l

2. D oor sta n d i n g ope n

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

3. Si m u l ta n e ou s i n te rl ocke d d oor

op e n i n g

4. Fa i l u re of fa n s

5. Low e xh a u st d u ct sta ti c

6. Fa i l u re of H VAC con trol d e vi ce s ( e . g. ,

va ri a b l e a i r vol u m e s)

Recommended Methodology: Th e

fol l owi n g te sts a re re com m e n d e d :

1. Ve ri fy th a t vi su a l a n d a u d i b l e

n oti fi ca ti on d e vi ce s a n n u n ci a te u pon

a b n o rm a l op e ra ti n g con d i ti on s

i n si d e th e con ta i n m e n t zon e b y

ca u si n g e a ch a l a rm con d i ti on . For

i n sta n ce , ca u se p re ssu re a l a rm b y

ove r-ri d i n g con trol s to ch a n ge fl ows

to th e p oi n t th e y wi l l re su l t i n a n

a l a rm co n d i ti on .

2. Ve ri fy th a t vi su a l a n d a u d i b l e

n oti fi ca ti on d e vi ce s a n n u n ci a te u pon

a b n o rm a l op e ra ti n g con d i ti on s

i n si d e th e con ta i n m e n t zon e b y

ove r-ri d i n g a l a rm -m od e tri gge r. For

i n sta n ce , o ve r-ri d e th e pre ssu re

a l a rm po i n t on th e BAS.

Con fi rm a l l occu rre n ce s of a l a rm s a re

a n n u n ci a te d i n th e a l a rm m od u l e a n d

tra cke d i n th e e ve n t l og. N o te th a t a l a rm

a n n u n ci a ti on ca n typ i ca l l y b e d o n e i n

con ce rt wi th fa i l u re -m od e te sti n g.

Documentation: D ocu m e n t b y l i sti n g a l l

a l a rm d e vi ce s ve ri fi e d a n d th e con d i ti on s

i n wh i ch th e y we re a n n u n ci a ted .

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

BAS i n pu t a n d ou tp u t ( I /O) d e vi ce a n d /or Purpose of Test: To ve ri fy I /O d e vi ce s

con trol d e vi ce sh a l l b e ve ri fi ed . ( se n sors, sa fe ti e s, va l ve s, d a m p e rs, etc. )

a re ca l i b ra ted a n d op era ti n g p rop e rl y.

Th e re sp on si b i l i ty for con fi gu ri n g,

ca l i b ra ti n g, a d j u sti n g, e tc. BAS d e vi ce s

wi l l l i e wi th e n ti ti e s oth er th a n th e

te sti n g en ti ty, su ch a s th e i n sta l l i n g

co n tra ctor or m a i n ten a n ce sta ff. Th e

te sti n g en ti ty sh ou l d p erform q u a l i ty

a ssu ra n ce ch e cks b a se d on a sa m p l i n g

stra te gy to a sse ss co n fi d e n ce i n th e BAS

d e vi ce s.

Recommended Methodology: Re vi e w

d ocu m en ta ti on of i n pu t ca l i b ra ti on a n d

ou tp u t ve ri fi ca ti on . M a i n te n a n ce

fre q u e n cy re com m en d ed b y

m a n u fa ctu re r sh o u l d b e cl e a rl y i n d i ca te d

on d ocu m en ta ti on a n d d o cu m e n ts

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sh ou Group
l d sh ow a d h eand our
ren ce tochats

re co m m e n d e d i n te rva l s.

1. Con fi rm I /O ca l i b ra ti on a n d

ve ri fi ca ti on vi a sp ot ch e ck.

• Se l e ct a m i x of th e I /O a n d

con fi rm ca l i b ra ti on , stroke a n d

ra n ge , a ctu a ti on , etc. , a s

a p p l i ca b l e

• Ch e ck ca l i b ra ti on of a l l

d i ffe ren ti a l p re ssu re i n d i ca to rs

m on i tori n g con ta i n m en t b a rri e rs

( initially )

• Ch e ck ca l i b ra ti on of m i n i m u m of

a p e rcen ta ge of th e d i ffere n ti a l

p re ssu re i n d i ca tors m on i tori n g

th e con ta i n m en t b a rri e rs

2. Con fi rm sta tu s i n d i ca ti on on a l l

e xh a u st fa n s u n d e r a b e l t l oss

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

sce n a ri o. Be l ts sh ou l d b e re m oved

a n d m oto r sh ou l d be ru n a t fu l l

sp e e d . Con fi rm con trol syste m

i d e n ti fi e s th e l oss of sta tu s i n th i s

sce n a ri o ( initially ) . Re fe r to se cti on

8. 4. 2 .

Documentation: D ocu m e n t b y l i sti n g a l l

d e vi ce s th a t we re te ste d a n d ve ri fi e d a n d

th e i r re spe cti ve re su l ts.

Con fi rm vol a ti l e progra m m i n g of

con trol l e rs i s b a cke d u p a n d ca n b e

u p l o a d e d to th e con trol l e r. Th e fa ci l i ty

m a n a ge r sh ou l d i d en ti fy th e con trol

p rogra m b a cku p l oca ti on a n d

d e m on stra te th a t i t i s cu rre n t.

BAS/con trol syste m fu n cti on a l i ty d u ri n g Purpose of Test: To co n fi rm th e BAS or

n orm a l op era ti on sh a l l be ve ri fi e d . con trol syste m o p era te s p ro pe rl y ove r

ti m e d u ri n g n orm a l u se . Re fe r to se cti on

8. 4. 1 Te sti n g for D i re cti on a l Ai rfl o w

d u ri n g N orm a l Op e ra ti on a bo ve , a s we l l

a s for te sti n g of H VAC a n d co n trol s

syste m s, a s a n y a pp l i ca b l e con trol syste m

wi l l b e te ste d i n th e cou rse of th a t

te sti n g. Th e fol l owi n g i s sp e ci fi c to th e

BAS/ con trol syste m s.

Recommended Methodology: E sta b l i sh

re a l -ti m e m on i tori n g of sp a ce p re ssu re

d i ffe ren ti a l s e i th e r vi a th e BAS or l oca l

i n stru m e n ta ti on . Ob se rve n orm a l a i rfl ow

con trol a n d sta ti c p re ssu re a n d en su re

a i rfl ows sta y a b ove m i n i m u m a i rfl ow ra te

( a s i n d i ca te d b y d e si gn i n te n t) , a n d

p re ssu re s re m a i n wi th th e a cce p ta b l e

ra n ge i n a ccord a n ce wi th th e ri sk

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

a sse ssm e n t ( typ i ca l a ccep ta b l e ra n ge i s

a b ove 0. 03 a n d b el o w 0. 1 5 wa te r ga u ge

( w. g. ) a cro ss th e b a rri e r wi th d i re cti on a l

a i rfl ow from cl e a n to d i rty a re a s) . Th e

fol l owi n g te sts sh ou l d b e co n si d ere d :

1. I m p ose a m i n or set-p o i n t ch a n ge to

th e a i rfl ow a n d sta ti c p ressu re l oop s

a n d o b se rve re sp on se a n d retu rn to

n orm a l op era ti on a l se t-poi n t.

• Con fi rm con ta i n m en t b a rri e r

p re ssu re s re m a i n wi th i n tol e ra n ce

2. E n ter a n d e xi t th e sp a ce i n

a ccord a n ce wi th SO Ps

• Con fi rm th e con trol syste m re a cts

i n a sta b l e fa sh i on so a s to

m a i n ta i n a i rfl ow a n d d i ffe re n ti a l

p re ssu re s wi th i n a cce pta b l e

ra n ge s

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3 . Sharing
Op e ra teGroup
sa sh e and our
s of p ri mchats
a ry

con ta i n m e n t a cross ra n ge s a pp l i ca b l e

d u ri n g n orm a l u se .

4. Con fi gu re th e room s a n d syste m s i n to

a l l m od e s of op e ra ti on pe r th e d e si gn

i n ten t.

• Con fi rm p rop e r ope ra ti on d u ri n g

th o se m od e s

5. Con fi rm a i rfl ow a n d pre ssu re con trol

on n orm a l u se o f sci e n ti fi c

e q u i p m e n t. M on i tor th e b a rri e r

d i ffe ren ti a l p re ssu re a n d a i rfl ow

con trol d u ri n g n orm a l u se of

l a b o ra tory eq u i p m en t. Exa m p l e s

i n cl u d e:

• Pa rti a l b l ocka ge of d own d ra ft a n d

n e crop sy ta b l e s; p e rce n ta ge of

b l ocka ge sh ou l d b e a s sti p u l a te d

i n SOP s

88
 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

• Sash movement on biosafety

cabinets and fume hoods
• Repositioning of snorkel exhausts
6. Isolate primary containment devices
as would be required for
decontamination per the SOP.

Documentation: Test documentation

should indicate results of tests and data
showing the responses of the control and
HVAC systems. Characterize the response
to the events tested. Document by listing
all devices that were tested and verified
and their respective results.

The BAS/control systems shall be tested during Purpose of Test: To confirm the BAS or
abnormal operation. control system reacts properly to
plausible failures of HVAC and control
system components. Refer to section
8.4.2 Testing for Directional Airflow
during System Failures as the verification
of the HVAC system under control
system failures is covered in that section.
The following tests elaborate more
specifically on the testing of the control
systems themselves.

Tests should be performed to confirm

the proper response of the BAS/control
systems, to ensure the containment
barrier can withstand the forces
imposed, and to ensure safe egress.

Recommended Methodology: Establish

real-time monitoring of space pressure
differentials either via the BAS or local
instrumentation. Observe performance
of the BAS and control system through
the failure events or abnormal operation.

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Con fi rm th e system s re a ct e ffe cti ve l y to

m i n i m i ze a n y d i re cti on a l a i rfl o w

re ve rsa l s, wh i l e n ot ca u si n g e xtre m e

force s on th e d oo rs a n d th e con ta i n m en t

e n ve l op e . G en e ra l l y, i n i ti a l re a cti on s m a y

re su l t i n m o re n e ga ti ve pre ssu re s th a n

con si d e red a cce pta b l e d u ri n g n o rm a l

op e ra ti on ; h owe ve r, d i ffe re n ti a l

p re ssu re s sh ou l d com e ba ck i n to th e

n orm a l l y a cce pta b l e ra n ge s wi th i n 3 0

se con d s. D oor force s ca u se d b y th e

ve n ti l a ti on syste m sh ou l d n ot e xce e d

m a n u fa ctu re r’ s re com m e n d a ti on for th e

a p p l i ca ti on u sed a n d m a y va ry p e r fa ci l i ty

u se a n d th e SOP .

Con si d e r te sti n g th e fol l owi n g fa i l u re s:

1. Si n gl e su p p l y or e xh a u st syste m

con trol l e r fa i l u re se rvi n g th e

BSL-3 /ABSL-3
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• Re m ove p owe r fro m th e

con trol l e r a n d con fi rm th e I /O

p osi ti on s p e r d e si gn i n ten t a n d

th a t th e re a cti on of th e syste m s

d oe s n ot vi ol a te th e d i recti on a l

a i rfl ow cri te ri a or ca u se e xtre m e

force s on th e bu i l d i n g en ve l op e

a n d /or e xtre m e d oor force s.

2. Loss o f com m u n i ca ti on s on th e BAS

con trol s LAN

• De fea t com m u n i ca ti on s wi th

i n d i vi d u a l con tro l l e rs (for i n sta n ce

b y re m ovi n g th e LAN ca bl e from

th e con trol l e r) , a s we l l a s p owe r

d own swi tch e s or rou te rs on th e

co n tro l LAN . Con fi rm th e sta n d

a l on e con trol of th e con trol l e rs

a n d th e a b i l i ty to re -e sta b l i sh

90
 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

communication s when restored.

3. Controller power circuit trip
• Fail power supplies to controllers
4. Failure of UPS output breaker or
batteries for power to BAS
5. Duct static pressure sensor failure
• Remove signal wire to the
controller. Confirm the controller
response to the failed sensor.
6. Failure of automated bio-seal damper
• Remove the control signal to the
actuator such as the voltage on
an electropneumatic transducer;
also remove the motive power to
the actuator.
7. Failure of air terminal unit controlling
airflow to the BSL-3/ABSL-3 zone
• Remove the control signal to the
actuator such as the voltage on
an I/P transducer. Also, remove
the motive power to the actuator.

Documentation: Test documentation

should indicate results of tests and data
showing the responses of the control and
HVAC systems. Characterize the
responses to the events tested.
Document by listing all devices that were
tested and verified and their respective
results.

Analyze historical trends and data available Purpose of Test: To confirm the facility
from BAS. has been performing per requirements
over time.

Recommended Methodology: The

following tests are recommended:
1. Perform trend and event log analysis.

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

An a l yze th e tren d s of th e re l e va n t

b i o co n ta i n m e n t pa ra m ete rs a n d

re vi e w th e a l a rm a n d a cti vi ty l o g for

th ose p a ra m e te rs.

• Con ta i n m e n t zo n e d i ffe re n ti a l

p re ssu re

• Zon e a i r ch a n ge s ( or com p on en t

a i rfl ows)

• Zon e te m p e ra tu re

• Zon e h u m i d i ty wh e re i t i s

con trol l e d

Documentation: Te sti n g e n ti ty sh ou l d

p rod u ce su m m a ry rep ort of fi n d i n gs to

th e own e r. At a m i n i m u m , tren d s a n d

a l a rm h i story sh ou l d b e re vi e we d .

8.4.6 Testing of Electrical Systems Related to Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning

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Test Purpose and Methodology

Re co rd a n d d ocu m e n t e l e ctri ca l powe r d i p Purpose of Test: To e n su re th a t

occu rre n ce . ve n ti l a ti on syste m s a re pro p e rl y se rvi ce d

wi th n orm a l p o we r, e m erge n cy/sta n d b y

p o we r, a n d U P S p owe r ( wh e re i n sta l l ed ) ,

a s d ete rm i n e d b y l oca l ri sk a sse ssm e n t,

a n d th a t th e y a l l work i n a ccord a n ce

wi th d e si gn -p e rform a n ce ob j e cti ve s.

E l e ctri ca l syste m s p rovi d e th e p owe r

( n orm a l , em e rgen cy/sta n d b y, a n d U P S

( wh e re i n sta l l e d ) fo r th e op e ra ti on of

syste m s a n d eq u i p m en t th a t su p p ort

p ri m a ry con ta i n m e n t d evi ce s, se con d a ry

b a rri e rs, H VAC syste m s, tre a tm e n t

syste m s, a n d se cu ri ty. Th e e l e ctri ca l

d e si gn e n gi n e e r sh ou l d ve ri fy th e

92
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

d e si re d pe rform a n ce e xpe cta ti on s of th e

syste m s a n d op e ra ti on s d u ri n g n orm a l

a n d e m e rgen cy p o we r con d i ti on s a n d

ve ri fy wh i ch syste m s req u i re a d d i ti on a l

p ro te cti on wi th U P S ( wh e re i n sta l l ed ) .

Th e e l e ctri ca l syste m s th a t con trol H VAC

syste m s sh ou l d b e th o rou gh l y te sted

ve ri fyi n g:

1. Ad e q u a cy of powe r su p pl y to serve

fa n s, p u m p s, va l ve s, e tc.

2. P owe r to fa n s a n d va ri a bl e fre q u e n cy

d ri ve s ( VFD s)

3. P owe r to a i rfl o w con trol d e vi ce s

4. P owe r to BAS a n d oth e r con trol

syste m s for m on i tori n g, con trol l i n g,

a n d a l a rm i n g H VAC n orm a l a n d

fa i l u re m od e s

5. P o we r to se cu ri ty a n d d oor syste m s

th a t i n te rfa ce wi th H VAC su ch a s

d oor swi tch e s a n d m a gn e ti c l o cks

th a t con tro l a i rfl ow va l ves

6. P o we r to h yd ron i c pu m ps th a t se rve

a i r-h a n d l i n g syste m s, a n d en e rgy

re cove ry syste m s i n si d e H VAC

syste m s

7. Ap p rop ri a te m o n i tori n g a n d

o p e ra ti on of cri ti ca l e l e ctri ca l

e q u i p m e n t to BAS

8. M on i tori n g of cri ti ca l U PS ( wh e re

i n sta l l ed ) a n d sta n d b y powe r b y BAS

Recommended Methodology:
Co n ta i n m e n t system s sh ou l d re spon d i n

su ch wa ys a s to a voi d ope ra ti n g

con d i ti o n s th a t p re sen t ri sks to worke rs

a n d th e en vi ron m e n t. E l e ctri ca l syste m s

i n cl u d i n g ba cku p gen e ra tors for n o rm a l

p o we r ou ta ge s p rovi d e effe cti ve

93
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

stra te gi e s to m a i n ta i n con ta i n m e n t

i n cl u d i n g m i n i m i za ti on of fl ow re ve rsa l s.

E m e rge n cy gen e ra tors ca n n orm a l l y

re sp on d wi th i n 1 0–1 5 secon d s to re sto re

p owe r, wh e re a s U P S syste m s ( wh e re

i n sta l l ed ) p rovi d e con ti n u i ty of p owe r

b e twe en tra n si ti o n s of n o rm a l to

e m e rge n cy p owe r system s. Ba se d on th e

ri sk a sse ssm e n t for th e fa ci l i ty, e a ch

su p porti n g syste m sh ou l d h a ve a

d o cu m en ted seq u e n ce of op e ra ti on /

stra te gy fo r p owe r fa i l u re a n d

re stora ti on .

Th i s wi l l i n cl u d e th e cri teri a for ti m e

l i m i ta ti on s fo r p owe r re stora ti on . Th i s

se cti on cove rs on l y th e el e ctri ca l powe r

to th e m a i n e l e ctri ca l syste m s. As

a p p rop ri a te to a d d re ss th e ri sk

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a sse ssm e n Group and
t, si m i l a r teour chats
sti n g sce n a ri os

sh ou l d be con si d e red for m u l ti p l e l e ve l s

of e l e ctri ca l fa i l u re , d o wn to th e

i n d i vi d u a l syste m s.

As e l e ctri ca l p o we r wi l l be cri ti ca l to a l l

th e con ta i n m en t syste m s, te sti n g sh ou l d

b e p e rfo rm ed wh en a l l th e con ta i n m e n t

syste m s a re te ste d . I f th e fa ci l i ty p ri m a ry

e l e ctri ca l system i n cl u d es l oa d /sh ed d i n g,

m u l ti p l e gen e ra ti n g/sta n d b y u n i ts, or

o th er e l e ctri ca l d e m a n d stra te gi e s, th e

fa i l u re sce n a ri os sh o u l d i n cl u d e te sti n g

to con fi rm th a t swi tch i n g/op e ra ti n g th e

u n i ts d oe s n ot i m p a ct th e e l e ctri ca l

fa i l u re -te st scen a ri os.

Re fe r to se cti on 8. 4. 2 Testi n g for

D i re cti on a l Ai rfl ow d u ri n g Syste m

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Fa i l u re s a s th e veri fi ca ti on of th e H VAC

syste m u n d e r e l e ctri ca l fa i l u re s i s

cove re d i n th a t se cti on . Th e fol l o wi n g

te sts e l a bora te m ore speci fi ca l l y on th e

te sti n g of th e e l e ctri ca l syste m s

th e m se l ve s.

Te st va ri ou s p owe r-fa i l u re sce n a ri os.

E l e ctri ca l p owe r fa i l u re s a n d re stora ti on s

sh ou l d pe rform i n a ccord a n ce wi th th e

d ocu m en ted seq u e n ce of op e ra ti on s.

1. Te st n orm a l to/from e m e rge n cy

p o we r ( cl o se d tra n si ti on ) . Th i s te st

sh ou l d n o t i n te rru p t powe r to cri ti ca l

syste m s se rvi n g th e con ta i n m e n t

a re a for fa ci l i ti e s wh e re e m e rge n cy

p o we r ca n b e ope ra te d co n cu rren tl y

wi th n orm a l p o we r.

• Swi tch to e m erge n cy powe r

u n d e r a cl ose d tra n si ti o n

se q u en ce

• Re cord a n d d o cu m e n t n o

e l e ctri ca l p o we r d i p s, su rge s, or

ou ta ge s th a t i m p a ct th e cri ti ca l

syste m s a n d su b syste m s

• Afte r d e te rm i n i n g a l l syste m s a re

sta b l y op e ra ti n g, swi tch to

n orm a l p owe r from e m erge n cy

p o we r a n d d o cu m e n t n o i m p a cts

to cri ti ca l syste m s a n d /or

su b syste m s

2. Te st n orm a l to/from e m e rge n cy

p owe r ( sou rce i n te rru pti on )

i n te rru pti on :

• Syste m s a n d eq u i p m en t sh ou l d

tra n si ti on to/from e m e rge n cy

m od e i n a con tro l l e d m a n n e r. For

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

fa ci l i ti e s wh e re e m e rgen cy

p o we r op e ra te s on l y wh e n

n orm a l p owe r i s ou t, d i sco n n e ct

th e n orm a l p o we r sou rce

• Re cord a n d d o cu m e n t th a t

e m e rge n cy p owe r i s su pp l i e d to

a l l cri ti ca l a n d su b syste m s

i n ten d ed

• Afte r a l l syste m s h a ve sta b i l i zed ,

re store n o rm a l p owe r a n d

d ocu m en t th a t th e re a re n o

i m p a cts to cri ti ca l system s a n d /or

su b syste m s

3. Te st th a t op e ra ti on of gen e ra l U P S,

wh e re i n sta l l ed ( i n to a n d ou t of

sou rce i n te rru p ti on ) , a n d e q u i p m en t,

sh o u l d tra n si ti on to/from U PS m od e

i n a con trol l ed m a n n e r. Ba se d on th e

fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm en t, th e re sh ou l d

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b e d ocu m en taand
ti on our
on chats
th e se q u e n ce

of op e ra ti on s for th e U PS a n d th e

m i n i m u m ti m e th e U PS wi l l m a i n ta i n

se rvi ce .

• D i scon n e ct p o we r to U PS a n d

d e term i n e th a t U PS op e ra te s to

p rovi d e powe r to a l l co n n e cted

l oa d s for th e i n ten d ed ti m e

4. Te st op e ra ti on of BAS U PS, wh e re

i n sta l l ed ( i n to a n d ou t of se rvi ce

i n te rru pti on ) . BAS co n trol s sh ou l d

re m a i n p owe red a n d a cti ve . Th e

BAS/con trol s sh ou l d b e l oca l l y

b a cke d u p a n d con trol s pro gra m m i n g

m a i n ta i n ed d u ri n g a p owe r ou ta ge .

Th e re sh ou l d b e wri tte n

d ocu m en ta ti on for th e m i n i m u m

ti m e th e U P S/b a tte ri e s wi l l m a i n ta i n

op e ra ti on .

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

• D i scon n e ct p o we r to BAS

( syste m /su b system s) a n d

d e term i n e th a t U PS op e ra te s to

p rovi d e powe r to th e BAS for th e

i n ten d ed ti m e

I f e m e rge n cy ge n e ra tors e xi st, th e y

sh ou l d be te sted on a wee kl y/m on th l y

b a si s a n d h a ve re su l ts record e d a n d

re ta i n e d .

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh ou l d i n cl u d e re su l ts of e a ch te st

con d u cte d a n d re su l ts of

we e kl y/m on th l y ge n e ra tor te sts.

8.4.7 Testing of High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters

Test Purpose and Methodology

8.4.7.1 Purpose of Test: To ve ri fy H E P A fi l te r

l e a ka ge i n si tu .

H E P A fi l te rs sh a l l b e te ste d u p on i n sta l l a ti on , Recommen ded Methodology:

1 2 -18 m on th s from th e l a st te st or a t a

fre q u e n cy to b e d ete rm i n e d b y th e si te- 1. Provi d e a l i st of a l l th e H E P A fi l te rs

sp e ci fi c ri sk a sse ssm en t. E a ch H E P A fi l te r or a ssoci a te d wi th e a ch l a b a n d th e i r

b a n k of H E P A fi l te rs sh a l l b e te ste d i n si tu b y fa ctory-te ste d e ffi ci e n ci es p l u s th e

p a rti cl e o r a e roso l ch a l l en ge te sti n g. te st ce rti fi ca te for e a ch . Th i s

i n cl u d e s a l l n e ce ssa ry ca l i b ra ti on

d ocu m en ta ti on a ssoci a ted wi th te st

i n stru m e n ta ti on .

2. Al l H E P A fi l te rs sh ou l d be fa ctory

te sted .

3. U l tra -l ow p a rti cu l a te a i r/su p e r-

U LP A ( U LPA/SU LP A) fi l ters sh ou l d

b e te sted fo l l owi n g m a n u fa ctu ri n g

97
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

recommendations and the local

SOP.
4. Each HEPA/ULPA/SULPA filter test
should be tested upon installation,
annually, or more often based on
the owner’s SOP.
5. Filters should be decontaminated
prior to testing based on a risk
assessment. Follow the site-specific
SOP for decontamination and test
procedures.
6. If the HEPA filter is placed inside a
filter housing that could not be
isolated for decontamination and
testing, all potentially
contaminated duct work should be
decontaminated based on a risk
assessment, if aerosol sampling is
required for determining the
upstream
Get more FREE standards from Standard Sharing Groupconcentration.
and our chats
7. Each HEPA filter should be tested in
situ by particle- or aerosol-
challenge testing. If it is not
possible to do a surface-scan test,
then gross probe testing should be
performed.
8. Test HEPA filters by using the
scanning method according to the
Institutes of Environmental
Sciences and Testing, IEST RP-
034.1 33 and NSF 49 7 standards.
9. Test HEPA filters using airflow rates
at rated operational designs and/or
20% rated flow.
10. Upstream challenge concentration
should be verified by actual
measurement. If using a Laskin
nozzle generator, it is allowable to

98
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

ca l cu l a te th e u p stre a m ch a l l e n ge .

Th e re a re se ve ra l m a teri a l s

a va i l a b l e for cre a ti n g a erosol

ch a l l e n ge . Wh en u ti l i zi n g a n oi l

a e rosol , P AO ( p o l y-a l ph a -ol e fi n ) i s

th e m ost wi d e l y u se d i n th e U n i ted

Sta te s. P AO rep l a ce d D OP ( d i ocytl -

p h th a l a te ) be ca u se D OP i s

con si d e red a ca rci n ogen . Th e re a re

oth er o i l s a va i l a b l e for u se , th e

te sti n g en ti ty o wn e r sh ou l d a gre e

on th e m a te ri a l to b e u se d . Wh e n

sca n -te sti n g u si n g a p a rti cl e

cou n te r, P SL ( p o l ystyre n e -l a te x)

sp h e re s sh ou l d b e u sed .

1 1 . For su rfa ce -sca n te sti n g, a 0. 01 %

l e a k or h i gh e r i s con si d e re d

si gn i fi ca n t a n d th e fi l te r/ga ske t

sh o u l d be rep a i red or rep l a ce d .

1 2 . For gross-p rob e te sti n g, a 0. 005 %

l e a k or h i gh e r i s con si d e re d

si gn i fi ca n t a n d th e fi l te r( s) /

ga ske t( s) sh o u l d b e rep a i re d or

re p l a ce d .

1 3 . I f th e H E PA-fi l te r h ou si n g i s n ot

e q u i p p ed wi th th e a e rosol

ch a l l e n ge i n j e cti on /d i stri b u ti o n

p orts, i n j e cti on ports sh ou l d b e

p rovi d ed i n th e d u ctwo rk u p stre a m

of th e H E P A fi l te r( s) so th a t th e

a e rosol ch a l l e n ge ca n b e

i n trod u ced . Ad e q u a te d i sta n ce

( a p p roxi m a te l y 8 d u ct d i a m e te rs)

sh o u l d be gi ven to p ro vi d e a m ore

e ve n d i stri b u ti on of ch a l l e n ge to

th e fi l te r( s) .

1 4. I f th e H E PA-fi l te r h ou si n g i s n ot

e q u i p p ed wi th a n u p strea m

99
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

ch a l l e n ge sa m p l i n g port, a n

u p stre a m ch a l l e n ge sa m p l i n g p ort

sh o u l d be i n sta l l ed for m e a su ri n g

th e u p stre a m ch a l l en ge . Th i s

sh o u l d be j u st u p stre a m of th e

H E P A fi l te r( s) .

1 5 . I f th e H E PA-fi l te r h ou si n g i s n ot

e q u i p p ed wi th a sca n n i n g se cti on , a

d own strea m sa m p l i n g po rt sh ou l d

b e i n sta l l ed for gross prob i n g th e

d u ct. Th i s p ort sh ou l d be p l a ce d

wh e re a d e q u a te a i r m i xi n g ca n

occu r ( a p p roxi m a te l y 8 d u ct

d i a m e te rs) .

1 6. Fi l te r l e a ks or ga sket l e a ks ca n be

re p a i red u si n g ro om te m p e ra tu re

vu l ca n i zi n g se a l a n t ( RTV) , 1 00%

si l i con e , or b y m a ki n g a p a tch u si n g

fi l te r m ed i a .

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7. Fi l te r Group and
l e a ks or our chats
ga sket l e a ks ca n be

re p a i red u si n g RTV, 100% si l i con e ,

or b y m a ki n g a p a tch u si n g fi l te r
33
m e d i a . Pe r I E ST 0. 3 4, n o p a tch

sh o u l d e xce ed 5 % of th e fi l te r’ s

fa ce a re a . Su i ta b l e cu re ti m e sh ou l d

b e a l l owe d b e fore re -testi n g.

1 8. H E P A fi l te rs sh ou l d b e ch a n ge d

wh e n th e fi l te r fa i l s th e l e a k te sti n g

o r wh e n fi l te r l oa d i n g ca u se s

e l e va ted sta ti c p re ssu res re su l ti n g

i n th e i n a b i l i ty to m a i n ta i n p ro p er

a i rfl ow. I n som e ca se s, fi l te rs m a y

b e ch a n ge d b a se d o n a fa ci l i ty

re q u i re m en t or p ra cti ce .

1 9 . H E P A fi l te rs i n sta l l e d i n se ri e s

sh o u l d be te sted i n d i vi d u a l l y.

2 0. I n -l i n e H E P A fi l te rs m a y re q u i re th e

u se of a p orta bl e fa n to i n trod u ce

1 00
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

a i rfl ow fo r H E PA te sti n g.

2 1 . Wh e re p a ra l l e l red u n d a n t H E P A

fi l te rs a re i n sta l l e d , en su re th a t

fa ci l i ty op e ra ti on s a re n ot

i n te rru pted wh i l e te sti n g fi l te rs a n d

h ou si n gs, e xce pt a s d eterm i n e d b y

th e fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm en t.

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh o u l d i n cl u d e te st re su l ts fo r e a ch

fi l te r.

8.4.7.2 H E P A fi l te r h ou si n gs th a t a re e xp osed to Purpose of Test: To e n su re th a t th e

e l e va ted p re ssu re s or i n cu r ga s i n te gri ty of th e h ou si n g ca n be se a l e d

d e con ta m i n a ti on s sh a l l be te ste d for stru ctu ra l for ga seou s te sti n g a n d wi th sta n d

i n te gri ty a n d l e a ka ge a t th e fa ctory, a fte r i n i ti a l n orm a l a n d m a xi m u m ope ra ti n g

i n sta l l a ti on , a n d a t a fre q u e n cy to b e p re ssu re s e xp e ri e n ced d u ri n g fa n

d e term i n ed b y th e si te-sp e ci fi c ri sk fa i l u re s.

a sse ssm e n t.

Recommended Methodology:

1. Fi l te r h ou si n gs sh ou l d b e

d e con ta m i n a ted pri o r to te sti n g

b a se d on a ri sk a sse ssm en t. Fol l ow

th e si te-sp e ci fi c SOP fo r

d e con ta m i n a ti on .

2. Th e d e si gn e n gi n e er sh ou l d p rovi d e

th e te st p re ssu re to b e u se d ( wh i ch

i s th e syste m ’ s m a xi m u m op e ra ti n g

p re ssu re ) i n a cco rd a n ce wi th th e

Am e ri ca n So ci e ty of M e ch a n i ca l

E n gi n ee rs ( ASM E ) sta n d a rd N 5 09-

2 002 , N u cl ea r P owe r Pl a n t Ai r-

Cl e a n i n g U n i ts a n d Com pon e n ts
34
( 2 002 ) : a m i n i m u m te st p re ssu re of

1 000 P a ( 4” w. g. ) .

3. Wh e re p a ra l l e l red u n d a n t H E P A

fi l te rs a re i n sta l l e d , en su re th a t

1 01
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

fa ci l i ty op e ra ti on s a re n ot

i n te rru pted wh i l e te sti n g fi l te rs a n d

h ou si n gs, e xce pt a s d eterm i n e d b y

th e fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm en t. Fol l ow

d e con ta m i n a ti on p ro ce d u re s wh en

u si n g b yp a ss fi l ters or d u cts.

4. H ou si n g l ea ka ge ra te sh ou l d b e

te sted i n si tu b y pre ssu re d e ca y

u si n g d e vi ce s su ch a s d a m p e rs or

sh u t-o ff p l a te s. Acce p ta n ce cri te ri a

ra te o f l e a ka ge sh ou l d n ot e xce ed

0. 1 % of vol u m e/m i n a t a m i n i m u m

te st p re ssu re of 1 000 Pa ( 4” w. g. ) .

5. Stru ctu ra l i n te gri ty sh ou l d be te sted

to ve ri fy h ou si n g sta b i l i ty d u ri n g

n orm a l a n d m a xi m u m ope ra ti n g

p re ssu re s. U si n g a m i n i m u m of

1 000 P a ( 4” w. g. ) m i n i m u m te st

p re ssu re or wh a te ver m a xi m u m

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p re ssu re and
ca n b e i nour chats
d u ce d from

a ssoci a te d fa n s ( u n d e r fa i l u re

co n d i ti on s) , i . e . , som e ti m e s th i s te st

p re ssu re ca n e xce e d 2 5 00 P a ( 1 0”

w. g. ) or gre a te r.

6. D u ri n g th e stru ctu ra l i n te gri ty te st,

vi su a l l y ve ri fy th a t:

• Th e h ou si n g sh a p e i s reta i n e d .

• N o d e form a ti on s a re vi si b l e .

• Da m p ers re m a i n i n p osi ti on a n d

a re se a l a b l e to b u b b l e -ti gh t/ga s

ti gh t sta n d a rd s.

• Stru ctu ra l su pp orts a re pe r

d e si gn a n d a pp roved

co n stru cti o n .

7. Th e e q u i p m en t u sed for th e

ve ri fi ca ti on sh ou l d h a ve a va l i d

ca l i b ra ti on ce rti fi ca te o n th e d a te of

te st, i f th e eq u i p m en t req u i re s i t.

1 02
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

8. Sm a l l i n -l i n e fi l te rs ( e . g. , i n sta l l ed i n

m a gn e h e l i c/ph otoh e l i c ga u ge l i n e s)

sh ou l d be fa ctory l e a k teste d .

I n sta l l a ti o n of th e sm a l l i n -l i n e fi l te rs

p rote cti n g m a gn eh e l i c/ph otoh e l i c

ga u ge s i n th e fi l te r h ou si n g sh ou l d

b e te sted a s p a rt of th e l e a k te sti n g

of th e h ou si n g.

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh o u l d i n cl u d e te st re su l ts fo r e a ch fi l te r

h ou si n g.

8.4.8 Testing of Ductwork and Room-Air Leakage

Test Purpose and Methodology

8.4.8.1 D u ctwork th a t i s ( a ) con si d e red Purpose of Test: To e n su re th a t

con ta m i n a ted , (b ) tra n sports a i r co n ta i n i n g d u ctwork se rvi n g con ta i n m e n t spa ce s

h a za rd o u s su b sta n ce s, or ( c) i f u sed for ga se ou s a n d tra n sp o rti n g p oten ti a l l y

d e con ta m i n a ti on sh a l l be te ste d fo r i ts d e gre e con ta m i n a ted a i r a re su ffi ci e n tl y ti gh t

of stru ctu ra l re si sta n ce , ti gh tn e ss, a n d l e a ka ge . a n d stru ctu ra l l y sta b l e u n d e r n orm a l

a n d m a xi m u m op era ti n g p re ssu re s.

Su ch d u ctwork sh a l l be te ste d u p on i n sta l l a ti on

b e fore i n i ti a l op e ra ti o n ( a s d ete rm i n e d b y th e Pri or to te sti n g, th e te sti n g

fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm en t) a n d a fte r a n y e n ti ty/i n d i vi d u a l sh ou l d a sse ss th e

a l te ra ti on s o f th e ven ti l a ti on syste m or oth e r p e rform a n ce req u i rem en ts of th e d u cts

a l te ra ti on s th a t ca n a ffe ct th e d u ctwork. su ch a s m a xi m u m op e ra ti n g p re ssu re ,

d e si gn p re ssu re , d u ct p re ssu re , a n d

cl a ssi fi ca ti on , e tc.

Recommended Methodology:

1. Su p p l y a n d e xh a u st d u cts a ssoci a te d

wi th con ta i n m e n t zon e s sh o u l d be

te sted to p roced u re s d efi n e d b y th e

Sh e e t M e ta l a n d Ai r Co n d i ti on i n g

Con tra ctors’ N a ti on a l Asso ci a ti on

1 03
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

( SM ACN A ) sta n d a rd , Le a ka ge Cl a ss
35
A. Th i s te st sh ou l d b e con d u cted

on l y i f th e d u ctwork i s n ot p rote cted

b y H E PA fi l te rs. Ti gh tn e ss te sts for

l e a ka ge sh ou l d b e b a sed on a ri sk

a ssessm e n t a n d wh eth er th e a i r

syste m s a re p ote n ti a l l y

co n ta m i n a ted or su b j e cte d to

d e con ta m i n a ti on ga se s. Th e ri sk o f

d u ctwork con ta m i n a ti o n on th e

su p pl y a i r si d e i s m i n i m i ze d b y th e

p re ssu re of a i r a n d n orm a l

op era ti on s.

2. D u ctwo rk syste m s on th e e xh a u st

si d e be twe en th e con ta i n m e n t zon e

a n d H EPA fi l ter sh ou l d be te ste d i n

a ccord a n ce wi th ASM E N 5 1 0, Te sti n g

36
of N u cl e a r Ai r Tre a tm e n t Syste m s.

Acce p ta n ce cri te ri a sh ou l d be i n

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a cco rd Group and
a n ce wi th dour chats
e si gn i n ten t wi th a

l e a ka ge ra te n ot e xce e d i n g 0. 1 % of

vol u m e a t 1 000 P a ( 4" w. g. ) .

3. Du ctwo rk sh o u l d a l so b e stru ctu ra l l y

te sted to e n d u re n orm a l a n d

m a xi m u m op e ra ti n g p re ssu re s,

e sp e ci a l l y d u ri n g fa n -fa i l u re te sti n g.

Te sts cou l d e xce e d 2 5 00 P a ( 1 0”

w. g. ) u n d e r ce rta i n fa i l u re s. Th e

te sti n g en ti ty/i n d i vi d u a l sh ou l d

a sse ss d u ctwork d e si gn p ri or to fa n -

fa i l u re te sti n g a n d ve ri fy stru ctu ra l

ca p a ci ty. Wh en fa n -fa i l u re te sts

occu r, th e d u ctwo rk sh ou l d b e

ob se rved for stru ctu ra l d e form a ti on

a n d d i sp l a ce m e n t from h a n ge rs a n d

su p port.

1 04
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh o u l d i n cl u d e sp e ci fi c se cti on s of

d u ctwork wh e re th e te st wa s con d u cted

a n d re su l ts of th e te st for e a ch d u ct

se cti on . P rovi d e th e ca l i bra ti on

ce rti fi ca te s for th e eq u i pm e n t u sed fo r

th e ve ri fi ca ti o n ( sh ou l d be va l i d on th e

d a te of te st) .

8.4.8.2 Wh en req u i re d by th e fa ci l i ty ri sk Purpose of Test: To ve ri fy a n d m i n i m i ze

a sse ssm en t, room ti gh tn e ss ( room a i r-l e a ka ge u n p l a n n e d /u n con trol l ed room a i r

te st) sh a l l b e p e rform ed b e fore i n i ti a l l e a ka ge to e n su re p rop e r H VAC con trol

op e ra ti on , pe ri od i ca l l y th e re a fter ( a s for d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow a n d to en su re

d e term i n ed b y th e fa ci l i ty ri sk a sse ssm e n t a n d H VAC syste m s re a ct to room

th e SOP ) , a n d a fte r a n y a l te ra ti on s o f th e d e co n ta m i n a ti on syste m s to a voi d

ve n ti l a ti on syste m or oth e r a l te ra ti on s th a t ca n l e a ka ge of h a za rd ou s ga se s. Wh e n BSL-

a ffe ct th e ro om co n ta i n m e n t. 3 /ABSL-3 l a b ora tori e s a re to b e

d e co n ta m i n a ted b y fu m i ga ti on ,

p e n etra ti on s i n th e b a rri e r e n ve l o pe

sh o u l d be se a l e d or ca pa b l e of b e i n g

se a l e d to p re ven t e xce ssi ve m i gra ti on of

fu m i ga n ts ou t of th e sp a ce .

Recommended Methodology:
1. Al l room se a l i n g sh ou l d be d on e

p ri or to p e rform i n g fi n a l TAB a n d

fi n a l se tu p of a i rfl ow co n trol d e vi ce s.

2. Vi su a l l y ve ri fy th a t a l l a rch i te ctu ra l

fi n i sh e s a re se a l ed , sm ooth , a n d voi d

of ch i p s a n d a b n orm a l we a r.

3. Vi su a l l y ve ri fy a l l p en e tra ti on s a re

se a l e d , sm o oth , a n d a re ca p a b l e of

wi th sta n d i n g fu m i ga ti o n . Th e

ve ri fi ca ti on sh ou l d i n cl u d e a l l se rvi ce

( e l e ctri ca l , ga s, fi re d ete cti o n /

su p p re ssi on wa te r su pp l y, a n d wa ste

p i p e ) p e n e tra ti on s, sl e e vi n g/se a l s,

wi n d ow/d oor fra m e s, l i gh t fra m i n g

1 05
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

se a l s to wa l l /ce i l i n g syste m s, H VAC

a i r d e vi ce s, a n d oth er pen e tra ti on s.

Con fi rm com p on en ts a re se cu re to

m a i n ta i n i n te gri ty of p e n e tra ti on s.

4. U se sm a l l i n sp e cti on m i rrors to a i d

vi su a l i za ti on of h a rd -to -re a ch a re a s.

5. Con fi rm vi su a l i n sp e cti on s u si n g

sm o ke or soa p b u b b l e s a s

a p p rop ri a te . Le a ks ca n be vi su a l i ze d

b y sm oke m ovem e n t or b u bb l e

form a ti on a t th e fa i l u re p oi n t. Ro om

p re ssu re s ( n e ga ti ve ) d u ri n g l e a k-

fi n d i n g te sts ca n ra n ge from n orm a l

op e ra ti n g p re ssu re s to h i gh e r va l u e s

( e . g. , twi ce th e n orm a l va l u e ) a s

a p p rop ri a te b a se d on fa cto rs su ch a s

room con stru cti on , H VAC co n tro l s,

a n d th e a b i l i ty to sh u t d own BSL-3 /

ABSL-3 op e ra ti o n s for testi n g.

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6. Sharing Group
Ad d i ti on and
a l te st m eour chats
th od s m a y be

a p p rop ri a te for i n i ti a l com m i ssi on i n g

of n e w con stru cti o n a n d /or

re n ova ti on s, su ch a s:

• O p e ra ti n g th e room a t h i gh e r

d i ffe ren ti a l p re ssu re va l u e s for

th e sm oke /bu bb l e te sts (e . g. , u p

to 2 " w. g. ( 5 00 Pa ) : Te sti n g a t

th i s p re ssu re m a y b e u sefu l i n

co n j u n cti on wi th H VAC con trol s

te sti n g

• “Room po rosi ty” te sts u si n g

a i rfl ow/pre ssu re te sti n g

e q u i p m e n t si m i l a r to th a t u sed

for d u ct-l e a k te sti n g

• Ve ri fy wh en th e BSL-3 /ABSL-3

sp a ce i s i n d e co n ta m i n a ti on /

fu m i ga ti on m od e ( e . g. , wi th th e

ve n ti l a ti o n syste m off) th a t

1 06
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

d e con ta m i n a ti on a gen t ( or a n

o d orou s su rroga te ) i s n ot d ra wn

i n to th e a d j a ce n t or n e a rb y n on -

con ta i n m e n t sp a ce s b y re l a ti ve l y

n e ga ti ve p re ssu re s i n th ose

sp a ce s

Ve ri fy stru ctu ra l ca p a b i l i ty of wa l l a n d

ce i l i n g syste m s p ri or to d e te rm i n i n g l e a k

te st p re ssu re s.

1. U n d e si ra b l e l e a ks sh ou l d b e

re cord ed a n d re p a i re d . Ad d i ti on a l

te sti n g m a y b e u se d to ve ri fy

e ffi ca cy of rep a i rs. Th e re a re

va ri ou s te sti n g m eth od s a n d cri te ri a

th a t h a ve be e n u sed b y o th er

co u n tri e s to ve ri fy l e a k ra te s of
37
co n ta i n m e n t fa ci l i ti e s. A stu d y

th a t ve ri fi e d a n d te ste d 1 8 fa ci l i ti e s

i n Au stra l i a p rove d th a t l e a k ra tes

ca n b e va ri ed a n d gre a ter th a n

wh a t i s n e ce ssa ry to con ta i n a ga s,

a n d th a t a d d i ti on a l m e a su re s m a y

b e n e ce ssa ry d u ri n g a ga s-

d e co n ta m i n a ti on p ro ce ss.

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh o u l d i n cl u d e sp e ci fi c room s wh e re th e

te st wa s co n d u cted a n d re su l ts of th e

te st for e a ch room .

8.4.9 Testing of Specialized Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) Components of

ABSL-3 Facilities

Test Purpose and Methodology

Ve n ti l a ti on syste m s se rvi n g ABSL-3 roo m s sh a l l Purpose of Test: To e n su re th a t

1 07
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

b e te sted . I n d i vi d u a l l y ven ti l a te d ca ge ( I VC) ra ck ve n ti l a ti on req u i re m e n ts m e e t d e si gn

syste m s co n n e cted to h ou se e xh a u st sh a l l a l so p e rfo rm a n ce req u i rem en ts a n d se rve to

b e te sted i n n orm a l a n d fa i l u re -m od e m a i n ta i n con ta i n m en t. ABSL-3 fa ci l i ti e s

con d i ti on s. ca n p re se n t i n cre a se d b i osa fe ty ri sks

a ssoci a te d wi th th e h ou si n g, ca re , a n d

m a n i pu l a ti on of a n i m a l s wi th BSL-3

a ge n ts. Ca gi n g syste m s u se d i n ABSL-3

ca n h a ve a d i re ct i m p a ct on th e i n si tu

ve n ti l a ti on -syste m p e rform a n ce .

I VC ra cks u se d i n a n ABSL-3 va ry i n

d e si gn a n d fu n cti on b y m a n u fa ctu re r.

Se a l e d I VC syste m s op e ra te d u n d e r

n e ga ti ve p re ssu re a re con si d e red to b e

p ri m a ry con ta i n m e n t e q u i p m en t. Su ch

syste m s e xh a u st ca ge a i r th rou gh th e

ca ge a n d /or ra ck to e xtern a l or i n te rn a l

H E PA fi l te rs. Som e I VC ra ck syste m s

u se d i n a n ABSL-3 u se ca ge s th a t a re

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a re n o t se a l e d a n d m a y a fford l e ss

p ro te cti on u n d e r fa i l u re con d i ti on s.

Sp e ci fi c ri sk a sse ssm en t for e a ch fa ci l i ty

sh ou l d i n cl u d e con si d e ra ti on s of

a n i m a l s, a gen ts, e q u i p m e n t, ca gi n g

typ e , a n d con d i ti on s u n d e r b oth n orm a l

a n d fa i l u re -m o d e sce n a ri os.

ABSL-3 room s th a t u se I VC syste m s

sh ou l d i n te gra te th e ven ti l a ti on

re q u i re m en ts of th e I VC m a n u fa ctu re r

wi th th e i n si tu ve n ti l a ti on s syste m s.

Th e ABSL-3 ro om sh o u l d co n si d e r th e

fol l owi n g te sti n g cri te ri a ( i n a d d i ti on to

BSL-3 req u i rem e n ts) :

Recommended Methodology:
1. An i m a l ro om -ve n ti l a ti on d e si gn a n d

te st cri te ri a sh ou l d m e et

1 08
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

con ta i n m e n t d i re cti o n a l a i rfl ow a n d

p re ssu ri za ti on n e ed s a n d m e e t

I n sti tu te of La bora tory An i m a l

Re se a rch ( I LAR) re q u i rem e n ts fo r

a i r-ch a n ge ra te s a n d th erm a l /

h u m i d i ty re q u i re m en ts.

2. I VC syste m s th a t a re con n e cted to

i n si tu ven ti l a ti on syste m s sh ou l d b e

te sted fo r p rop e r o pe ra ti on to

e n su re d i re cti on a l a i rfl ow, n e ga ti ve

p re ssu re , a n d con tro l s a l a rm i n g.

3. I VC syste m s th a t a re i n tegra te d

u si n g si n gl e a i rfl ow con trol va l ve s

from se ve ra l ca ge ra cks sh o u l d b e

te sted wi th m u l ti p l e ra cks

co n n e cte d a n d d i scon n ecte d ; va l ve

p e rform a n ce n ee d s to be ve ri fi e d

wh e th er i t i s i n sta l l e d wi th a 1 to 1

ra ti o or 1 to se ve ra l ra ti o.

4. I VC syste m s th a t a re con n e cted to

i n si tu ven ti l a ti on syste m s sh ou l d

i n cl u d e te sts to veri fy room

p re ssu ri za ti on wi th th e I VCs

d i sco n n e cte d .

5. I VC syste m s th a t h a ve i n te rn a l

H E P A fi l tra ti on sh ou l d con fi rm

H E P A fi l te r-ve ri fi ca ti o n pro ce d u re s.

On goi n g ve ri fi ca ti o n sh ou l d b e

d e term i n ed b a se d on l o ca l ri sk

a sse ssm e n t.

6. Con fi rm p rop e r a i rfl ow of I VC

co n n e cti on s to i n -h ou se syste m s.

7. Te st i n d i vi d u a l l y ven ti l a te d ca ge ,

ca ge ch a n ge sta ti o n , a n d BSC H E P A

fi l te rs for effi ci en cy, a n d con fi rm

p ri m a ry con ta i n m e n t d evi ce s h a ve

b e e n ce rti fi ed a n n u a l l y.

8. Te st i n fl u e n ce of i n cre a se d h e a ti n g

1 09
AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

i m p a ct o f wa sh -d own s a n d cl e a n i n g

• E n su re th a t tem p e ra tu re ga i n s

a re offset wi th coo l i n g

re q u i re m en ts a n d a i r ch a n ge

ra te s

• E n su re th a t a d d i ti o n a l

te m pe ra tu re ga i n s d o n ot

i n fl u e n ce room -p re ssu re

d i ffe ren ti a l s

• Con fi rm re q u i red p re ssu re

d i ffe ren ti a l s a re n ot

con tra ven e d a s a re su l t of

op e ra ti n g p roced u re s

• Ve ri fy a n d te st ven ti l a ti on

syste m s u sed fo r

d e con ta m i n a ti n g th e I VC ra ck,

i n cl u d i n g th e ra ck i n te rn a l

m a n i fol d a n d co m po n en ts

9. I f u n i ts i n cl u d e a u tom a ti c d oor

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op e ra ti on , con fi rm p rope r

op e ra ti on a n d se a l i n g.

1 0. Te st th e i m pa ct of i n si tu a n d fa ci l i ty

syste m fa i l u re s on I VC p erfo rm a n ce ;

I VC ra cks u se d i n ABSL-3 roo m s

sh o u l d m a i n ta i n n e ga ti ve p re ssu re .

• Ve ri fy p roced u re s for tota l fa n

fa i l u re , i n cl u d i n g po we r fa i l u re

a n d i n cl u d e el e ctri ca l , n orm a l ,

a n d sta n d b y p owe r a n d U P S

fa i l u re te sts, i f e q u i p pe d

• Te st for fa n i n te rl ocks b etwe e n

I VC a n d e xh a u st fa n s i f su p p l i e d

( i f m a i n e xh a u st fa i l s, h a rd

con n e cte d I VC b l owe rs sh ou l d

a l so fa i l

• Wh e re I VC a re th i m b l e

con n e cte d to i n si tu e xh a u st,

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

te st th a t th e I VC ca n m a i n ta i n

p e rfo rm a n ce b y d i sch a rgi n g

e xh a u st a i r th rou gh a th i m b l e

con n e cti on wh e n th e m a i n

e xh a u st fa i l s

• Wh e re I VC a re u sed a n d th e

l oca l ri sk a sse ssm e n t d e te rm i n e s

th a t red u ced a i rfl ow ra tes a re

a l l owa b l e , th e se ra te s sh ou l d b e

te sted to e n su re con ta i n m e n t

p re ssu re re l a ti on sh i p s a n d

d i re cti on a l a i rfl o ws a re

m a i n ta i n ed

Documentation: Te st d ocu m e n ta ti on

sh ou l d i n cl u d e sp e ci fi c ro om s wh e re

th e te st wa s con d u cte d a n d th e re su l ts

of th e te st for e a ch room .

8.4.10 Testing of Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) Systems of Containment

Support Areas

Test Purpose and Methodology

Ap p rop ri a te d i re cti o n a l a i rfl ow be twe en Purpose of Test: To ve ri fy a p p rop ri a te
con ta i n m e n t su p port sp a ce s a n d a d j a cen t a re a s p re ssu re re l a ti on sh i p s for con ta i n m en t

sh a l l be m a i n ta i n ed a n d ve ri fi e d i n a ccord a n ce su p po rt a re a s ( su ch a s room s h ou si n g

wi th th e ri sk a sse ssm e n t. l i q u i d wa ste a n d ca rca ss tre a tm e n ts or

con ta i n m e n t e xh a u st d u ctwork) a re i n

con form a n ce wi th th e ri sk a sse ssm e n t.

The goal is to m inim ize potential for

cross-con tam in ation in th e even t of a

failure .

Recommended Methodology:
1. I d e n ti fy a p p l i ca bl e su p port sp a ce s.

2. Pe rform d i re cti on a l a i rfl o w te sti n g a s

ou tl i n e d i n se cti on s 8. 4. 1 a n d 8. 4. 2 .

111
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

Assess the risk of potential migration

of contaminants from support
spaces under failure conditions and
implement physical and/or
operational measures to mitigate
the risk.

Documentation: Test documentation

should include specific support areas
where the test was conducted and the
results of the test for each space.

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112
 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

APPENDICES

Appendix A – Corrective Action Plan (CAP) and Template

( Th e I n te rn a ti on a l Orga n i za ti on for Sta n d a rd i za ti on ( I SO ) h a s te m p l a te s for p u rch a se . Th e y

i n cl u d e te m p l a te s for CAP S, ri sk a sse ssm en t, SOPs, e tc. G o to:

h ttp : //www. i so. o rg/i so/h om e /sta n d a rd s. h tm ; sea rch fo r “Te m p l a te s” th en b y te m p l a te typ e ,

i . e . , “ri sk a sse ssm e n t. ”

Corrective Action Plan

Institution
Name
Address

Facility/Area
Audited
Auditor Audit Date
Name
Audit Agency Follow-up
Action
Performance - Signature of
Verification Testing
Date/Seal Agent/Verifier

113
 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

PURPOSE: This plan describes audit findings, documents, and responsibility for addressing the
findings. It also describes progress towards addressing the findings.

INSTRUCTIONS: Provide enough information to enable the reader to understand the nature of
the finding, the impacts, and the planned remedy.

DIRECTIONS: Create plan by area or by audit. Allow for the plan to be separate for the area or
the auditor.

Date Action
of Risk-Level Adequate to
No. Facility Owner/ Planned
Audit Action Priority Current Proceed with
of Agree/ Finding Description Responsible Completion Comments
by Required Red Yellow Status Performance
Finding Disagree Person(s) Date
Item Green Verification
# (Yes / No)

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Appendix B – Factors to Consider in Performing a Risk Assessment

1. Fa ci l i ty l a yo u t

2. Co n ta i n m e n t bo u n d a ri e s

• P ri m a ry co n ta i n m e n t bi o sa fe ty ca bi n e t ( BSC) , ca gi n g system s, e tc.

• Se co n d a ry co n ta i n m e n t ( roo m s, h oo d s, e tc. )

• Te rti a ry co n ta i n m e n t ( a n tero om , sh owe r, l o cke r roo m , e tc. )

3. Si te -spe ci fi c ri sks, ( e . g. , n a tu ra l h a za rd s su ch a s se i sm i c, h i gh wi n d s, fl o o d s, e tc. , pro xi m i ty to pu bl i c,

pro xi m i ty to oth e r fa ci l i ti e s o r h a za rd s th a t ca n i n tro d u ce ri sk to th e fa ci l i ty o r i ts o pe ra ti o n a l

re spo n se)

4. Spe ci a l i ze d l a bo ra to ry e q u i pm e n t a n d u se ( pa rti cu l a rl y a e ro so l ge n e ra ti n g)

5. Acce ss co n tro l

6. Wa ste m a n a ge m e n t

7. Cu rre n t secu ri ty th re a t/ri sk – l o ca l , n a ti o n a l , a n d i n te rn a ti o n a l th re a ts th a t co u l d com prom i se th e

sa fe ty o f th e ge n e ra l pu bl i c, th e e n vi ro n m e n t, th e se cu ri ty o f th e pe rso n n e l , th e re se a rch , a n d th e

fa ci l i ty

8. Bu i l d i n g u ti l i ti e s

9. Wo rk fl ow/ro u ti n g ( i n te rn a l a n d e xte rn a l )

1 0. D e pe n d e n cy u po n o u tsi d e so u rce s fo r u ti l i ti es, i . e . , stea m , e l e ctri ci ty, ga s, e tc.

1 1 . Bu i l d i n g system s

• Ve n ti l a ti o n system s i n cl u d i n g H E P A fi l tra ti o n , i so l a ti o n va l ve s, e xh a u st ve rsu s su ppl y d u ct

l o ca ti o n s

• Bu i l d i n g a u to m a ti o n system

• E xi sti n g system re d u n d a n ci e s

• N o n -co n ta i n m e n t bu i l d i n g system s th a t co u l d a d ve rsel y i m pa ct co n ta i n m e n t i n cl u d i n g fi re

su ppre ssi o n syste m s

1 2 . Age n ts u se d i n cl u d i n g

• Qu a n ti ty / i n fecti o u s d ose

• Co n ce n tra ti o n

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• Route of transmission
• Availability of treatment

13. History of spills or accidental releases

14. Area and surface decontamination methodology

1. Vaporized hydrogen peroxide
2. Paraformaldehyde
3. Chlorine dioxide
4. Other

15. Regulations/standards/guidelines

16. New or existing equipment related to ventilation systems including but not limited to BSCs, Class III
cabinet, fume hoods, HEPA filters, etc.

17. Systems replacement / part availability

18. Facilities current maintenance and preventative maintenance program

19. Catastrophic event

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 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

Appendix C – Hazard Risk Matrix

During a risk assessment, hazards are evaluated in terms of the likelihood that a problem may occur and
the damage and/or consequences it would cause if such an event did occur.

The Hazard Risk Matrix can be used to record a risk rating for each hazard in the terms high, medium,
and low. To use the assessment, several concepts must be understood.

• Hazard – Any situation that has potential to cause damage or exposure to people,
animals, or the environment.

• Probability – Likelihood that the particular hazard will result in a possible release,
damage, or exposure at this location.

• Severity – An estimation of how serious the potential problem might be in terms of

harm to people, animals, the environment, or damage to property.

Sample Risk Matrix (Example 1)

This risk matrix has been designed and adapted from the Australia/New Zealand Standard for Risk
Management, AS/NZS 4360:2004. 38 The risk priority rating on this matrix is represented by an
alphabetical code as the key below outlines.

Consequences

Severe Major Medium Minor Negligible

Likelihood
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Almost certain
E H H M M
(A)

Likely
H H M M L
(B)

Possible
H M M L L
(C)

Unlikely
M M L L T
(D)

Rare
M L L T T
(E)

Key to the risk rating

E Extreme risk — Immediate action required; this level of risk needs detailed research
and planning by senior management.

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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

H High risk — Action plan is required as soon as practicable by senior management.

M Moderate risk — Action plan is required by Area/Department Manager.
L Low risk — Managed by routine procedures and employees under supervision.
T Trivial risk — Unlikely to need specific application of resources.

The numbers and letters associated with the criteria for “likelihood” and “consequences” reflect
accuracy in the rating. For example, a risk rating may be “H,” but does that represent “possible and
severe” or “likely and severe” or “likely or major,” etc.? It is a way of explaining the reasoning behind
the risk priority rating. It also recognizes that there are a few versions of the same rating, just with
different criteria being assessed.

Sample Risk Matrix (Example 2)

This risk matrix has a risk priority rating represented by a numerical code as the key below outlines.

How likely is it to be that bad?

How severely
could it hurt ++ Very likely + Likely = Unlikely – Very unlikely
someone or how could happen could happen at could happen, may happen, but
ill could it make anytime some time but very rarely probably won’t
someone?

Kill or cause
permanent
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disability or ill
health

Long-term illness
or serious injury 1 2 3 4

Medical attention
and several days 2 3 4 5
off work

First aid needed

3 4 5 6

Key to the risk rating

1 and 2 The hazard has a high risk of creating an incident. It requires immediate executive
management attention to rectify the hazard. Control action must be immediately
implemented before working in the area or carrying out the work process.

3 and 4 The hazard has a moderate risk of creating an incident. It requires management
attention in a reasonable timeframe to prevent or reduce the likelihood and

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 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

severity of an incident. Control action of a short-term nature would need to be

taken immediately so that work could still be carried out with further long-term
action taken to ensure that the hazard was fully controlled.

5 and 6 The hazard has a low risk of creating an incident. It requires supervisor and
employee attention in a reasonable timeframe to prevent or reduce the
likelihood and severity of an incident.

Sample Risk Matrix (Example 3)

This matrix is used by the U.S. Department of Defense and Department of Homeland Security
for risk assessments.
Risk Assessment Matrix

Probability of the Event Occurring

Severity of the
Frequent Likely Occasional Seldom Unlikely
Outcome
Extremely Extremely
Catastrophic High High Moderate
High High
Extremely
Critical High High Moderate Low
High
Marginal High Moderate Moderate Low Low

Negligible Moderate Low Low Low Low

Definition of Terms

Severity Probability

• Catastrophic – Exposure or event results in • Frequent – Occurs very often; expected to

death or permanent disability. occur continuously.

• Critical – Exposure or event results in severe • Likely – Expected to occur several times
injury or illness. during an employee’s tenure.

• Marginal – Exposure or event results in mild • Occasional – Expected to occur over a period
injury or illness. of time; will occur at some point.

• Negligible – Exposure or event results in • Seldom – Occurs as an isolated incident; not

need for first aid or minor medical expected to occur.
treatment.
• Unlikely – Occurs rarely; cannot be
considered impossible.

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Appendix D – How to Compile a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

E ve ry SOP sh o u l d co n ta i n th e fo l l o wi n g i n fo rm a ti o n u si n g a com pre h e n si ve fo rm a t su ch a s th a t u se d by

I n te rn a ti o n a l Orga n i za ti o n fo r Sta n d a rd i za ti o n ( I SO ; th e I SO h a s te m p l a te s for pu rch a se . Th e y i n cl u d e

te m p l a te s for CAP S, ri sk a sse ssm e n t, SOP s, etc. G o to:

h ttp : //www. i so. o rg/i so/h om e /sta n d a rd s. h tm ; sea rch for “Te m p l a te s” th en b y te m p l a te typ e ,

i . e . , “ri sk a sse ssm e n t” ) .

• Su m m a ry o f SOP co n te n t

• I ssu e d a te

• D a te o f a pprova l

• Ti tl e a n d a u th o rs ( a u th o r m a y be th e o rga n i za ti o n o r l a b)

• I D n u m be r, ve rsi o n n u m ber, pa ge n u m be rs

• I n tro d u cti o n

• Pu rpo se /o bj e cti ve

• Appl i ca bi l i ty

• Re spo n si bi l i ty

• M a te ri a l s

• Ste p by ste p pro ce d u re

• Re vi e w, re vi si o n , a n d d i stri bu ti o n pro ce ss

• Appro va l s

•
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Re l eva n t d o cu m e n ts/re fere n ce s/re gu l a ti o n s

• M a n a gem e n t co n tro l s

• Tra i n i n g re q u i re m e n t

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 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

Appendix E – Index of Acronyms

AABC Associated Air Balance Council

ABSL-3 Animal Biosafety Level 3

ADA Americans with Disabilities Act

AHJ authority having jurisdiction

AHU air-handling unit

ASSE American Society of Safety Engineers

ANSI American National Standards Institute

ARS Animal Research Service

ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers

ATS automatic transfer switch

BAS building automation system

BMBL Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories

BSC biological safety cabinet

BSL-3 Biosafety Level 3

BSO biological safety officer

CAP corrective action plan

DOP diocytl-phthalate

HEPA high-efficiency particulate air

HVAC heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning

I/O input/output

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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.14-2014

I/P current to pressure

ISO International Organization for Standardization

IVC individually ventilated cage

LAN local area network

NEBB National Environmental Balancing Bureau

NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association

NFPA National Fire Protection Association

NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology

NSF National Science Foundation

Pa Pascal

PAO poly-alpha-olefin
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P/N positive/negative

RTV room temperature vulcanizing

SMACNA Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors' National Association

SOP standard operating procedure

SULPA super-ULPA

TAB testing, adjusting, and balance

ULPA ultra-low penetration aerosol

UPS uninterruptable power supply

w.g. water gauge

WHO World Health Organization

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

Appendix F – References

1. D e pa rtm e n t o f H e a l th a n d H u m a n Se rvi ce s ( D H H S) , Th e Ce n te rs fo r D i se a se Co n tro l a n d

P reve n ti o n ( CD C) a n d th e N a ti o n a l I n sti tu te s o f H e a l th ( N I H ) : Bi o sa fety i n M i crobi o l o gi ca l a n d

Bi om e d i ca l La bo ra to ri e s ( BM BL; 5 th e d . ) . Wa sh i n gto n , D C: N I H , CDC, D H H S, 2 009 . Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. cd c. go v/bi osa fe ty/pu bl i ca ti o n s/BM BL_5 th _E d i ti o n . pd f. Accesse d J u n e 11 , 2 01 3 .

2. Am e ri ca n So ci e ty o f H e a ti n g, Re fri ge ra ti n g a n d Ai r Con d i ti o n i n g E n gi n e e rs ( ASH RAE ) : Sta n d a rd s.

Ava i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //www. a sh ra e . o rg/sta n d a rd s-re se a rch --te ch n o l o g y/sta n d a rd s--

gu i d e l i n e s/n u m e ri c-i n d e x. Acce sse d J u n e 8, 2 013 .

3. U . S. D e pa rtm e n t o f Agri cu l tu re An i m a l Re se a rch Se rvi ce ( U SD A ARS) : 2 42 . 1 M a n u a l ( U SD A ARS

Fa ci l i ti e s D e si gn Sta n d a rd s N u m be r: 2 42 . 1 -ARS) . Wa sh i n gto n , DC: U SD A ARS, J u l y 2 002 .

Ava i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //www. a fm . a rs. u sd a . gov/ppwe b/pd f/2 42 -01m . pd f. Accesse d J u n e 1 1, 2 013 .

4. Wo rl d H ea l th O rga n i za ti o n : La bo ra to ry Bi o sa fe ty M a n u a l ( 3 rd e d . ) . G e n eva : WH O , 2 004.

Ava i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //www. wh o . i n t/csr/reso u rce s/pu bl i ca ti o n s/bi o sa fe ty/e n /Bi o sa fe ty7 . pd f.

Acce sse d J u n e 11 , 2 01 3 .

5. N a ti o n a l I n sti tu te s o f H e a l th ( N I H ) : De si gn Re q u i re m en ts M a n u a l . Be th e sd a , M D : N I H , D i vi si o n o f

Te ch n i ca l Re so u rce s, 2 008. Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //o rf. o d . n i h . go v/Po l i ci e sAn d G u i d e l i n e s/Bi om e d i ca l a n d An i m a l Re se a rch Fa ci l i ti e sDe si gn Po l i ci

e sa n d G u i d e l i n e s/Pa ge s/D esi gn Re q u i re m e n tsM a n u a l PD F. a spx. Acce sse d J u n e 11 , 2 01 3 .

6. N a ti o n a l Fi re P ro te cti o n Asso ci a ti o n ( N FP A) : Sta n d a rd s a n d G l o ssa ry. Sta n d a rd s a va i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. n fpa . org/ca ta l o g/ca te go ry. a sp? ca te go ry%5 Fn a m e = Co d e s+a n d +Sta n d a rd s&P a ge= 1

&src= ca ta l o g. G l o ssa ry a va i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //www. n fpa . o rg/a sse ts/fi l e s/pd f/gl o ssa rya 2 004. pd f.

Acce sse d J u n e 11 , 2 01 3 .

7. N a ti o n a l Sci e n ce Fo u n d a ti on : N SF I n te rn a ti o n a l Sta n d a rd , Am e ri ca n N a ti o n a l Sta n d a rd fo r

Bi o sa fety Ca bi n e try – Bi o sa fe ty Ca bi n e try: D e si gn , Co n stru cti o n , Pe rfo rm a n ce , a n d Fi e l d

Ce rti fi ca ti o n . An n e x E -2 011 a va i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //www. n sf. o rg/bu si n e ss/n ewsroom /pd f/n sf_49 -

1 1 _a n n e x-e . pd f. Acce sse d J u n e 1 1, 2 013 .

8. E u ro pe a n Com m i ttee fo r Sta n d a rd i za ti o n ( CE N ) : CE N Wo rksh o p Agreem e n t ( CWA) 15 79 3 –

La bo ra to ry Bi o ri sk M a n a gem e n t Sta n d a rd . Bru sse l s: CE N , 2 008. Ava i l a bl e a t:

ftp: //ftp. ce n o rm . be /P U BLI C/CWAs/wo krsh o p3 1/CWA1 5 7 93 . pd f. Acce sse d J u n e 1 1 , 2 013 .

9. U . S. D e pa rtm e n t o f H e a l th a n d H u m a n Se rvi ce s: S3 : Sci e n ce , Sa fe ty, a n d Se cu ri ty. Fi n d i n g th e

Ba l a n ce To geth e r: Bi o sa fe ty, Bi o se cu ri ty, Bi o co n ta i n m e n t, a n d Bi o ri sk M a n a gem en t. Ava i l a bl e

a t: h ttp: //www. ph e . go v/s3 /P a ge s/d e fa u l t. a spx. Acce sse d J u n e 11 , 2 01 3 .

1 0. N a ti o n a l I n sti tu te s o f H e a l th ( N I H ) O ffi ce o f Bi ote ch n ol o gy Acti vi ti e s: N I H G u i d e l i n e s fo r

Re se a rch I n vo l vi n g Re co m bi n a n t D N A M o l e cu l e s. Be th e sd a , M D: N I H . Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //o ba . o d . n i h . go v/rd n a /n i h _gu i d e l i n e s_o ba . h tm l . Acce sse d J u n e 8, 2 013 .

1 1 . Am e ri ca n N a ti o n a l Sta n d a rd s I n sti tu te: AN SI Z9 . 8 – I AQ a n d H VAC Sta n d a rd . N ew Yo rk: AN SI .

Ava i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //we bstore . a n si . o rg/d e fa u l t. a spx#. U bO 3 Ai q F_u Q. Acce sse d J u n e 5 , 2 013 .

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

1 2 . E n ca rta D i cti o n a ry: Em pi ri ca l . Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. bi n g. com /D i cti o n a ry/se a rch ? q = d e fi n e +em pi ri ca l . Acce sse d J u n e 12 , 2 01 3 .

1 3 . Am e ri ca n So ci e ty o f H e a ti n g, Re fri ge ra ti n g a n d Ai r-Con d i ti o n i n g E n gi n e e rs ( AH RAE ) : AN SI /AI H A

Z9 . 5 – Th e Am e ri ca n N a ti on a l Sta n d a rd fo r La bo ra to ry Ve n ti l a ti o n M eth o d o f Testi n g

P e rfo rm a n ce o f La bo ra to ry Fu m e H oo d s. Atl a n ta , G A: ASH RAE , 2 003 .

1 4. Am e ri ca n N a ti o n a l Sta n d a rd s I n sti tu te: AN SI /AI H A Z9 . 1 1 -2 008, La bo ra to ry D ecom m i ssi o n i n g.

N e w Yo rk: AN SI . Ava i l a bl e a t: Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //we bsto re . a n si . o rg/d e fa u l t. a spx#. U bO3 Ai q F_u Q. Acce sse d J u n e 5 , 2 013 .

1 5 . CFR 7 pa rt 3 3 1 TI TLE 7 — Agri cu l tu re Su bti tl e B— Re gu l a ti o n s o f th e D e pa rtm e n t of Agri cu l tu re

Ch a pte r I I I — An i m a l a n d P l a n t H e a l th I n specti o n Se rvi ce , D e pa rtm e n t of Agri cu l tu re Pa rt 3 3 1 —

P o sse ssi o n , U se a n d Tra n sfe r o f Se l ect Age n ts a n d To xi n s. Wa sh i n gto n , D C: U . S. G o ve rn m e n t

P ri n ti n g Age n cy.

1 6. CFR 9 TI TLE 9 — An i m a l s a n d An i m a l P ro d u cts Ch a pter I . An i m a l a n d P l a n t H e a l th I n spe cti o n

Se rvi ce, De pa rtm e n t o f Agri cu l tu re Pa rt 1 2 1 – Po sse ssi o n , U se a n d Tra n sfe r o f Se l e ct Age n ts a n d

To xi n s. Wa sh i n gto n , D C: U . S. G o ve rn m e n t P ri n ti n g Age n cy. Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. se l e cta ge n ts. go v/re so u rce s/9 %2 0CFR%2 012 1 . pd f. Acce sse d J u n e 8, 2 01 3 .

1 7 . CFR TI TLE 42 — P u bl i c H e a l th C Ch a pte r I . P u bl i c H ea l th Se rvi ce , D e pa rtm e n t o f H ea l th a n d

H u m a n Se rvi ce s Su bch a pter F – Qu a ra n ti n e , I n specti on , Li ce n si n g P a rt 73 – Se l e ct Age n ts a n d

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To xi n s. Wa sh i n gto n , D C: U . S. G o ve rn m e n t P ri n ti n g Age n cy.

1 8. P CS E n gi n e e ri n g So l u ti o n s. Wri ti n g Se q u e n ces o f Ope ra ti o n U si n g th e D e scri pti o n o f Co n tro l s

Too l Su i te . Ava i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //www. pcs-

e n gi n e e ri n g. com /fi l e s/Se q u e n ce _o f_Ope ra ti o n _I n stru cti o n s. pd f. Accesse d J u n e 1 5 , 2 012 .

1 9 . I n te rn a ti o n a l Sta n d a rd s O rga n i za ti o n ( I SO ) : I SO/I E C G u i d e 2 : 2 004, d e fi n i ti o n 3 . 2 . Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. i e c. ch /m em bers_e xpe rts/re fd ocs/i e c/i so i e c -d i r2 %7 Be d 6. 0%7D e n . pd f. Acce sse d

J u n e 1 1 , 2 013 .

2 0. N a ti o n a l Ai r Fi l tra ti o n : N AFA G u i d e to Ai r Fi l tra ti o n . Wa sh i n gto n , DC: N AFA, 1 993 .

2 1 . Am e ri ca n N a ti o n a l Sta n d a rd s I n sti tu te: AN SI /AI H A Z9 . 3 -2 007 – Spra y Fi n i sh i n g Ope ra ti o n s:

Sa fe ty Co d e fo r De si gn , Con stru cti o n , a n d Ve n ti l a ti o n . N e w York: AN SI . Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //we bsto re . a n si . o rg/d e fa u l t. a spx#. U bO3 Ai q F_u Q. Acce sse d J u n e 8, 2 013 .

2 2 . Am e ri ca n N a ti o n a l Sta n d a rd s I n sti tu te: AN SI /ASSE Z9 . 9 -2 010 – Po rta bl e Ve n ti l a ti o n System s.

N e w Yo rk: AN SI . Ava i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //we bsto re . a n si . o rg/d e fa u l t. a spx#. U bO 3 Ai q F_u Q. Accesse d

J u n e 8, 2 01 3 .

2 3 . Am e ri ca n N a ti o n a l Sta n d a rd s I n sti tu te: AN SI Z9 . 4 – E xh a u st Syste m s - Abra si ve Bl a sti n g

O pe ra ti o n s - Ve n ti l a ti o n a n d Sa fe P ra cti ce . Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //we bsto re . a n si . o rg/d e fa u l t. a spx#. U bO3 Ai q F_u Q. Acce sse d J u n e 8, 2 013 .

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 AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

2 4. Am e ri ca n N a ti o n a l Sta n d a rd s I n sti tu te: AN SI /I SA S7 . 0. 01 – Qu a l i ty Sta n d a rd fo r I n stru m e n t Ai r.

Ava i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //we bstore . a n si . o rg/d e fa u l t. a spx#. U bO 3 Ai q F_u Q. Acce sse d J u n e 8, 2 013 .

2 5 . Asso ci a ti o n fo r Asse ssm e n t a n d Accre d i ta ti o n o f La bo ra to ry An i m a l Ca re ( AAALAC) : G u i d e fo r

th e Ca re a n d U se o f An i m a l s. Wa sh i n gto n , D C: N a ti o n a l Aca d em i e s P re ss, 2 01 1 . Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. a a a l a c. o rg/re so u rce s/th e gu i d e . cfm . Accesse d J u n e 11 , 2 013 .

2 6. Fe d e ra l Re gi ste r: Am e ri ca n s Wi th D i sa bi l i ti es Act Revi se d . AD A Re gu l a ti o n s I m pl em e n ti n g Ti tl e I I

a n d Ti tl e I I I ( pu bl i sh e d Se pte m be r 15 , 2 01 0, ta ki n g e ffe ct o n M a rch 1 5 , 2 011 , u pd a te d

N o vem be r 15 , 2 01 0) . 2 010 AD A Sta n d a rd s fo r Acce ssi bl e De si gn . Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. a d a . go v/i n d e x. h tm l . Acce sse d J u n e 9 , 2 01 3 .

2 7 . Am e ri ca n N a ti o n a l Sta n d a rd s I n sti tu te . AN SI /ASH RAE 1 10-19 95 – M e th o d o f Te sti n g

P e rfo rm a n ce o f La bo ra to ry Fu m e H oo d s. Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //we bsto re . a n si . o rg/Re co rd D e ta i l . a spx? sku = AN SI %2 FASH RAE +1 10-199 5 #. U VYBBBw3 u Qw.

Acce sse d J u n e 9 , 2 013 .

2 8. N a ti o n a l E n vi ro n m e n ta l Ba l a n ci n g Bu re a u ( N E BB) : P roce d u ra l Sta n d a rd s fo r Testi n g, Ad j u sti n g

a n d Ba l a n ci n g o f E n vi ro n m e n ta l System s ( 7 th e d . ) . G a i th e rsbu rg, M D : N E BB, 2 005 . Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. n e bb. o rg/a ssets/1 /7 /P ST_TAB_2 005 . pd f. Acce sse d J u n e 9 , 2 013 .

2 9 . Asso ci a te d Ai r Ba l a n ce Co u n ci l ( AABC) : H om e pa ge . Ava i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //www. a a bc. com /.

Acce sse d J u n e 9 , 2 013 .

3 0. N a ti o n a l Fi re P ro te cti o n Asso ci a ti o n ( N FP A) : N FP A® 45 -2 009 – Sta n d a rd o n Fi re Pro tecti o n fo r

La bo ra to ri e s U si n g Ch e m i ca l s. Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. n fpa . org/ca tego ryLi st. a sp?ca te go ryI D =2 4a n d U RL= Co d e s%2 0a n d %2 0Sta n d a rd sa n d c

o oki e _te st= 1 . Acce sse d J u n e 9 , 2 013 .

3 1 . N a ti o n a l Fi re Pro te cti o n Asso ci a ti o n ( N FP A) : N FPA® 90A – Sta n d a rd fo r th e I n sta l l a ti o n o f Ai r-

Co n d i ti o n i n g a n d Ve n ti l a ti n g System s. Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. n fpa . org/ca tego ryLi st. a sp?ca te go ryI D =2 4a n d U RL= Co d e s%2 0a n d %2 0Sta n d a rd sa n d c

o oki e _te st= 1 . Acce sse d J u n e 9 , 2 013 .

3 2 . N a ti o n a l Fi re P ro te cti o n Asso ci a ti o n ( N FP A) : N FP A® 105 – Sta n d a rd fo r Sm o ke Doo r Asse m bl i e s

a n d O th e r O pe n i n g P ro tecti ve Te sti n g. Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. n fpa . org/ca tego ryLi st. a sp?ca te go ryI D =2 4a n d U RL= Co d e s%2 0a n d %2 0Sta n d a rd sa n d c

o oki e _te st= 1 . Acce sse d J u n e 9 , 2 013 .

3 3 . I n sti tu te s o f E n vi ro n m e n ta l Sci e n ce s a n d Testi n g Tech n o l o gi e s ( U SA) : I E ST RP -03 4. 1 199 3 ) . I E ST-

RP -CC-001 . 3 – H EP A a n d U LP A Fi l te r. Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. i e st. org/Re com m e n d e d P ra cti ce s/I E STRPCC00 1 /ta bi d /9 63 7/De fa u l t. a spx.

3 4. Am e ri ca n So ci e ty o f M e ch a n i ca l E n gi n e e rs ( ASM E ) : ASM E N 5 09 -2 002 – N u cl e a r Po we r Pl a n t Ai r-

Cl e a n i n g U n i ts a n d Com pon e n ts. N e w Yo rk: ASM E , 2 002 .

3 5 . Sh e e t M e ta l a n d Ai r Co n d i ti o n i n g Co n tra cto rs’ N a ti o n a l Asso ci a ti o n ( SM ACN A) : H VAC Ai r D u ct

Le a ka ge Te st M a n u a l (2 n d e d . ) . N e w Yo rk: ASM E , 2 012 . Ava i l a bl e a t:

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AM E RI CAN N ATI O N AL STAN D ARD Z9 . 14-2 01 4

h ttp: //www. sm a cn a . o rg/bo oksto re/i n d e x. cfm ? fu se a cti o n = se a rch _re su l tsa n d cfi d = 82 2 75 05 a n d cf

to ke n = 5 3 05 3 003 . Acce ssed J u n e 9 , 2 01 3 .

3 6. Am e ri ca n So ci e ty o f M e ch a n i ca l E n gi n e e rs ( ASM E ) : N 5 1 0 – Te sti n g o f N u cl e a r Ai r Tre a tm e n t

System s. N ew Yo rk: ASM E , 2 007 . Ava i l a bl e a t: h ttp: //www. a sm e . o rg/kb/sta n d a rd s#d e s= .

Acce sse d J u n e 2 012 .

3 7 . M cG u rk, G . B. A Stu d y o f Ai r-ti gh tn e ss i n Au stra l i a n H i gh -l e ve l Bi o -co n ta i n m e n t Fa ci l i ti e s.

Appl i e d Bi o sa fety, 14( 2 ) , 72 –80, 2 009 .

3 8. Sta n d a rd s N e w Ze a l a n d . AS/N ZS 43 60: 2 004 – Au stra l i a /N e w Ze a l a n d Sta n d a rd fo r Ri sk

M a n a gem e n t. We l l i n gto n : Sta n d a rd s, N e w Ze a l a n d , 2 004.

Other Resources
Am e ri ca n I n sti tu te o f Arch i te cts ( AI A) : Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospital and
Healthcare Facilitie s. Wa sh i n gto n , DC: AI A, 2 001 .

): American
Am e ri ca n So ci e ty o f H e a ti n g, Re fri ge ra ti n g a n d Ai r-Con d i ti o n i n g E n gi n e e rs ( ASH RAE

National Standard ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62. 1-2010 – Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air
Quality . Atl a n ta , G A: ASH RAE , 2 010: 1 –5 4, 2 010.

Am e ri ca n So ci e ty o f H e a ti n g, Re fri ge ra ti n g a n d Ai r-Con d i ti o n i n g E n gi n e e rs: ANSI/ASHRAE

Get 62.
Standard more
1-2010FREE standards
– User’s Manual from Standard Sharing Group and our chats
. Atl a n ta , G A: ASH RAE , 2 010: 1 –1 78, 2 01 0.

CFR 2 1 Pa rt 1 1 Foo d a n d Dru gs ( a s re q u i re d ) Su bpa rt C Buildings and Facilities Sec. 211. 42

Design and construction features . Ava i l a bl e a t:

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tolerance in a Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3/ABSL-3) or airborne infection isolation room (AII)

environment. I n te rn a ti o n a l J o u rn a l o f Ri sk Asse ssm e n t a n d M a n a gem e n t, 14( 1 -2 ) : 1 5 7 –175 ,
2 01 0.

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Checklist) . Be th e sd a , M D : N I H , 2 006. Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //www. o rs. o d . n i h . go v/sr/d o h s/Do cu m e n ts/bsl 3 _ce rtgu i d e . pd f. Acce sse d J u n e 8, 2 013 .

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Fe d e ra ti o n o f Bi o sa fe ty Asso ci a ti o n , 2 006. Ava i l a bl e a t:

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pa sswo rd ) . Accesse d J u n e 1 1 , 2 013 .

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CA: AG S, 2 007 . Ava i l a bl e a t:

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2 01 3 .

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Pe rfo rm a n ce Cri te ri a fo r M i cro bi o l o gi ca l Sa fe ty Ca bi n e ts. Lo n d o n : BSI , 2 000. Ava i l a bl e a t:

h ttp: //sh o p. bsi gro u p. com /e n /P ro d u ctD eta i l /? pi d = 0000 0000003 001 45 1 6. Acce sse d J u n e 11 ,

2 01 3 .

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Ce n te rs fo r D i se a se Co n tro l a n d P reve n ti o n ( CD C) : Nation al Select A gen t Registry. Ava i l a bl e a t:

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U . S. D e pa rtm e n t o f H e a l th , E d u ca ti o n a n d We l fa re , P u bl i c H e a l th Se rvi ce, N a ti o n a l I n sti tu te s o f

H e a l th : Laboratory Safety Mon ograph : A Supplem ent to NIH Guidelin es for Recom bin an t DNA

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h ttp: //o rs. u ch c. e d u /bi o /reso u rce s/pd f/3 . 3 . 2 . D . 2 _N I H _L a b%2 0Sa fe ty%2 0M o n o gra ph -1 9 79 . pd f.

Acce sse d J u n e 11 , 2 01 3 .

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Man ual of Recomm en ded Practice, 25th Edition . Cin cin n ati, OH: A CGIH, 2004.

127
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