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Mitigation Strategies

Mitigation strategies to limit global warming focus on reducing GHG emissions and enhancing carbon sinks through renewable energy, CCS technologies, and reforestation. Renewable energy sources accounted for 29% of global electricity in 2022, while CCS has shown potential for significant emission reductions but faces scalability challenges. Policy interventions, such as the Paris Agreement and carbon pricing mechanisms, are essential for driving systemic change and ensuring global collaboration, particularly in developing countries.

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12 views1 page

Mitigation Strategies

Mitigation strategies to limit global warming focus on reducing GHG emissions and enhancing carbon sinks through renewable energy, CCS technologies, and reforestation. Renewable energy sources accounted for 29% of global electricity in 2022, while CCS has shown potential for significant emission reductions but faces scalability challenges. Policy interventions, such as the Paris Agreement and carbon pricing mechanisms, are essential for driving systemic change and ensuring global collaboration, particularly in developing countries.

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mueni theophilus
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Mitigation Strategies

The key to limiting global warming is lowering GHG emission and increasing carbon sinks.
Renewable energy sources, including solar, wind, and hydropower, represent a key element of
climate action to transition away to renewables. Renewables consumed 29 per cent of global
electricity in 2022, compared with 8 per cent ten years ago (IEA, 2022). In many places, both
solar and wind power are now cost competitive with fossil fuels; however, large infrastructure
deployment would take massive investment, and favorable policies, especially in the developing
countries.

Capturing and storing CO2 (CCS) technologies are a complement which can trap the CO2
coming out of industrial plants and bury it underground. New developments in CCS have made it
more affordable and pilot projects have shown up to 90 percent reduction of power plant
emissions (Jones & Smith, 2024). Nonetheless, its scalability is a problem as costs are high and a
lot of energy is needed. Upcoming technologies, like direct air capture, are promising but remain
not fully developed.

Enhancement of carbon sinks depends crucially on reforestation and afforestation. It is estimated


that forests absorb about 2.4 billion tonnes of CO2 each year, which makes them a natural ally in
fighting climate change (Seymour & Gibbs, 2021). Efforts such as the Bonn Challenge intend to
raise 350 million hectares of formerly degraded land by 2030, which can consequently sequester
large carbon volumes. The land-use contrasts and state interference can however undermine it
especially in the tropics.

Systemic change is driven by policy interventions. The Paris agreement was adopted in 2015 and
pledges countries to have no more than 1.5 o C rise in temperature above pre-industrial levels.
Incentives such as carbon taxes and emissions-trading systems encourage emissions cutbacks
through carbon pricing. The European Union: Emissions Trading System, as an example,
lowered emissions in the covered sectors by 35% since 2005 (IEA, 2022). Nevertheless, the
global collaboration is required to overcome the imbalance in resources and implementation
potential, especially in developing countries.

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