is the revival of
Something
Period in which
ancient Greek and roman civilizations existed in
Europe.
period of
1000 years after the downfall of Rome civilization in
the 5thcentury (fusel system existed). (approx. 500AD
to 1500AD).
Contributory Factors That Brought
About The Renaissance
1. City of Constantinople becoming under Turkish
power in 1453
Scholars who lived in Constantinople fled the city to their
countries carrying with them the valuable Greek and roman
books that were kept in the libraries of the city.
They also took measure to promote in their cities Greek and
Latin languages that were required to studying those books.
Those books were studied extensively in institutes such as
university of bologna in Italy and this resulted in a
revitalization of the ancient Greek and roman civilization.
They use ships in the sea and the caravans in the land.
Constantinople was the main center of east west trading.
Constantinople which was under the European Christion believers.
ANCIENT TRADE ROUTES
Silk route – from Constantinople through Persia, central
Asia to china.
From Constantinople through Mediterranean Sea, red sea
to Indian Ocean.
From Constantinople through Bagdad, Persian Gulf to
western coast of India.
2. Growth in Trade and Origin of a New Group of Rich
Due to the growth of trade and commercial
affairs between the East and
West in the 12th century A.D., new group of
wealthy people originated in Venice
and Genoa
The wealthy people did not depend on the
ancient feudal nobles (Aristocrat). They had
a free mind to pay their attention to artistic
work and also a financial power to
support it.
Wealthy people of small kingdoms in Italy supported artistic affairs. It was a
predominant reason for the origin of the Renaissance from
Italy.
Ex: - Medici family in
Florence
3. Intellectual Revival
During mediaeval period, Theology, Philosophy, and law were the
main subjects in religious institution (church).
New subjects such as Ancient Literature, drama
phonetics and History were taught in the new
educational centers after the 12th century.
After the invention of the printing
machine by Johannes Gutenberg printed
books were abundant and much interest
grew in Greek and Roman literature
and drama
Universities that were established in
Europe at the end of the medieval era
COUNTRY UNIVERSITY
Italy Bologna, Padua
France Pairs
England Oxford, Cambridge
Coming Of Renaissance;
Creation of new scholars
> Before the renaissance period languages used in
Europe was limited to a particular group areas.
> During in the renaissance period people who reads
books increases.
> Books were written in Greek and Latin, so people
started learning Greek and Latin languages.
> It was a fashion in the period
Writer Country
Dante Italy
William Shakespeare England
Erasmus France
Dante William Shakespeare Erasmus
Coming up of Humanism
> This means - considering man as noble.
> In the mediaeval period everything was based on religion and
therefore, everything happened within a religious
framework.
> With humanism Europe started to look at
everything critically. Humanistic subjects were
taught instead of theological subjects.
Ex: Literature, History, Art, Law and Ethics were taught.
Art and Craft
>Transformations in Arts and Crafts during Renaissance
During mediaeval period
1. Craftsmen were organized in grades; Creations of the
mediaeval period were called by grades.
2. Arts and crafts had religious characteristics.
3. Only the church supported the arts and crafts
4. Artists were not independent enough to make creations according
to their talents
During the Renaissance
1. Craftsmen started to produce the artworks by the names of them
2. Arts and crafts displayed worldly pleasure as individualism was appreciated
3. The rich supported arts and crafts
4. Artists started making their creations independently by showing their talents.
Painting
> Florence was a center of painting.
> As the creations were towards worldly Pleasure, paintings
and sculptures in this Period displayed nude and half nude
Figures.
> So far the personalities like Jesus Christ and Mother Mary were the
Subjects.
>During Renaissance - Wealthy people were drawn.
1. $Leonardo Da Vinci
-He was a poet, a musician, a scientist and a practical engineer
His paintings were
1. Mona Lisa
2. Last supper of Jesus Christ
3. Virgin of the rock
2. $Michael Angelo
-He was a great painter, a sculptor and an architect.
-The paintings on the ceiling of
the Sistine the greatness of his
paintings church displays
Example; Last judgment
Sculpture
> Sculpturing out of marble was a special Feature
> Michael Angelo sculptured;
1. Statues of Pieta
2. Statue of David
Architecture
> There was a special features of ancient Roman
architecture constructed in the renaissance era.
> The buildings constructed during the period included
round arches, tall pillars, and hemispherical domes
> Great creations were created by Michael Angelo, and the great
architect Raphael
New Theories Presented About
The Universe
• Nicolaus Copernicus
- Earth is round and the revolve father
of modern astronomy’s around the
earth.
• Johannes Kepler
- He confirmed the theory
Copernicus and he further
discovered that the planets
in the solar system
go round it in an
oval path
• Galileo Galilei
- Invented the telescope. He
observed the objects in
the sky with the help of
his telescope. He
discovered craters on the
moon and sub planets
around Jupiter. He is
known as the father of
experiment.
Develoment in Medicine
• William Harvey
He discovered blood
circulation system in
the human body.
• Dr Paracelsus
- he experiment on causes for diseases and
remedies for them. He made a great
influence on the modern pharmacology
and the methods of treating illnesses.
• Michael Sertex
- He discovered the process of spreading blood throughout the body
after being purified by lungs after coming into it from the heart
and going out through the right
side of the heart.
Reforms in Religion
- With the scientific advancement and new inventions of the
renaissance era,people has began to critically look at religious.
- The people that rose agansit the owers of the church are called
protestants
- The renaissance reform was lanched agansit the Christian church
grew futher under the leadership of Martin Luther and John
Calvin
Martin Luther – was a German professer at the university of Wittenberg
He met a priest who engaged in selling indulgences.
He was removed from the Catholic church
