PART: B
UNIT: I
Introduction to IT-ITes
Information Technology
Information Technology means to create, manage, store and exchange of data via various methods.
To transfer, create and store data we need many technologies such as computer software and
hardware, etc. These technologies help us to manage the data in a significant way.
Information Technology enabled Services (ITeS)
Information Technology can be seen in every industry. This technology regulates the functioning of
the industries smoothly. Those industries which enable Information Technology to provide quality
services is called Information Technology Enabled Services (ITes). some industries also use web-
enabled services or Remote services to improve the efficiency of their work.
BPO services
Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) services mean those business operations which are performed by an
outside service provider. In other words, you can say that some industries take help from other service
providers to facilitate their work. They heir some outsourcing companies for that work and those outsourcing
companies is called BPO (Business Process Outsourcing).
Some of the BPO services are as follows:
(a) Financial and Accounting Services
(b) Taxation and Insurance Services
(c) E-Publishing and Web Promotion
(d) Legal Services and Content Writing
(e) Multimedia and Design Services
(f) Document Management Services
(g) Software Testing Services
(h) Health Care Services
BPM industry in India
The IT BPM (Business Process Management) industry is doing an exceptional job in the growth of
India. This industry provides quality services. We can say that It has been filing India's growth.
BPO service industry is expanding in India at a great pace due to the following advantages.
(a) BPO service providers in India invest a lot of money in the new technologies. the ensures to
provide error-free service. They are investing in quality software and hardware to give us better
performance.
(b) Government of India is also providing then backbone support to them. The government provides
the necessary infrastructure and logistical support to them to make their work easy.
(c) BPO Industry in India is highly developed and they are capable of giving us quality service. They
are trying to become more and more advance.
Structure of the IT-BPM industry
a) Multinational Companies (MNCs): Those companies whose headquarter is in outside India
but are operating their work in many locations worldwide is called Multinational companies.
These companies provide a number of jobs.
b) Indian Service Providers (ISPs): ISPs are those providers whose operations are in India. Most
of these organizations have their headquarters in India and all the jobs done by them from India.
c) Global In-house Centers (GIC): GIC organisations work for the parent company they have to
fulfill the parent company's work
IT applications
Nowadays Information Technology can be seen everywhere around the world.. All of us using it every day. Here
we will discuss some applications of IT in our day-to-day life. We will discuss how IT is involved in our life from
home to school and offices.
IT in home computing
We use a PC (personal computer) at our home. The computer is used in our homes for surfing the internet,
making presentations, video, games, etc.
IT in everyday life
In our daily life, most of the equipment we are using is embedded with software. Microwave has its own software
to maintain the temperature and also washing machines, the set-top box has software to interact with us and give
us a good experience.
IT in library
Nowadays managing books in the library is not such tough work. Libraries are now computerised. To manage a lot
of books barcodes can be associated with books which makes the process easy to keep track of the list of
available books and many more.
IT at workplace
All the offices are equipped with computers. Most of the work is now done on computers. In offices computers
and software makes their work very easy and fast.
IT in education
Information technology IT is very much used in education for teaching-learning processes. The
software and Hardware made the process of learning very easy. We can see a lot of animations
in educational videos which made studying very interesting. Various methods of illustrations are
now brought to visualize what we are reading in the real world.
(a) ICT in the classroom
ICT can be used in various ways in schools.
• e-learning classrooms;
• smart-board presentations;
• videos on experiments;
• creation of images and video;
• desktop publishing of magazines, letters and documents;
(b) Education — anywhere anytime
A lot of books and educational content are now digitalized. We can get the content whenever we
want. Our government is also providing websites to access NCERT books online.
(c) Teaching aids and media
ICT is used mostly as a teaching aid in schools to
• use pictures, animations and audio-visuals to explain subjects that are difficult to explain.
• make the lessons interesting using presentations.
• organize lessons using the computer.
(d) Learning Management System (LMS)
A Learning Management System (LMS) is being used by many schools to manage their school
system. This system is very useful for managing attendance and result. Is well designed to record
students' data in an effective way.
IT in entertainment
One can now download movies, play games, chat, video calls using mobiles and computers. Digital broadcasting
has opened a door to the world. It changed the television experience. digital programs are now more interactive and
use very much graphics designing.
IT in communication
In communication, IT has a significant role. One can easily chat through various platforms. Video calling has now
become easier. IT has really changed the way of communication.
IT in business
Computers are used in business organizations for payroll calculation, sales analysis, financial forecasting, managing
and maintaining stocks. Most of the businesses now use a digital mode of payment. To manage all the records
companies, rely on computers.
IT in science and engineering
To do complex scientific calculations, Computer-Aided Design (CAD) or Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
Scientists and engineers use software applications. It made their work easy. drawing and calculation became very
easy.
IT in banking
Banking without computers can't be imagined. A lot of work is done in the computers from
transactions to maintaining records. Recurring deposits (e-RD), Fixed deposits (e-FD), money
transfer from one account to another (NEFT, RTGS), online transactions are done using the
Internet.
IT in insurance
Insurance companies use a computer to store data of their clients. It manages their data and
gives them timely notifications for their premium. It allows the user to get a good knowledge
over their policy.
IT in marketing
The computer is very much needed in marketing. The computer is used to create sell
advertisements. It is used to monitor the performance of the product in the market. different
illustrations can be made to present the product in an effective and decorative way.
IT in health care
Our hospitals are now computerized a lot of healthcare activities are now monitored by computers. Some of the high-
level gadgets are made to serve in hospitals.
(i) Computerised Axial Tomography Machine (CAT): Using this machine three-dimensional (3D) images of different
parts of the body can be made. These images are helpful in the diagnosis of diseases.
(ii) MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging Machine):
MRI machines are used to provide an image of the internal organs of the body by using strong magnetic fields and
radio waves. The digital images are very helpful in the detection of the disease.
(iii) Electrocardiogram (ECG) Machine: This machine is used to monitor the heartbeat of a person. This machine
records the electrical impulse.
(iv) Cardiac Screening Machine: This machine is used to detect the problems related to the heart. It monitors the
internal working of the heart.
(v) EEG (Electro encephalography) Machine:
The Electro encephalography machine is used to record the activities of the brain. This machine works both in the
patient is sleeping of awake.
(vi) Blood Sugar Testing Machine: This is used to check the sugar level in blood.
(vii) Blood Pressure Measuring Machine: Blood pressure can be checked digitally by the blood pressure measuring
machine.
IT in the government and public service
The government uses many computer applications to provide their schemes to a large
number of people. The government has also it's own web portal and applications
where we can get the information regarding any policy and schemes.
