TLE ICT – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Using and Maintaining Hand Tools
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Miraflor V. Banua
Editors: Jesusa D. Paladar, Mark Dave M. Vendiola
Reviewers: Jesusa D. Paladar, Mark Dave M. Vendiola and Jessie V. Alcala
Typesetter: Miraflor V. Banua
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
Marcelo K. Palispis, Ed.D. Maricel S. Rasid
Joelyza M. Arcilla, Ed. D. Elmar L. Cabrera
Nilita L. Ragay, Ed.D
Antonio B. Baguio Jr. Ed.D
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental
Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
8
TLE
Quarter 1-4 Module 1:
Using and Maintaining
Hand Tools
What I Need to Know
This module contains information and suggested learning activities
on Computer Hardware Servicing- Exploratory. It includes training
materials and activities for you to accomplish and complete.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order
to complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. Follow these
activities on your own and answer the given Task at the end of each
learning activity.
The module is divided into three topics, namely;
Lesson 1 Prepare Hand tools
Lesson 2 Use Appropriate Hand Tools and Test Equipment
Lesson 3 Maintain Hand Tools
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Discuss the hardware tools used in computer hardware servicing
2. Identify the different types of hand tools used in computer hardware
servicing.
3. Value the importance of following safety precaution while working
1
What I Know
A. Choose your answer from the box below. Write your answer in your
activity notebook
Philips head screwdriver Lan tester Hex screwdriver Anti-static mat
Anti-static wrist strap Cables ties Lint-free cloth Hand tools
Desoldering tool Compress air Multimeter Torx screwdriver
Flat head screwdriver Paint brush Crimping tool Wire cutter
__________1. A tool used to strip and cut wires.
__________2. A tool used to unsolder unwanted parts or component in the circuit
with the support of soldering pencil.
__________3. This is use to loosen or tighten crosshead screws.
__________4. Sometimes called a nut driver, is used to tighten nuts in the same
way
that a screwdriver tightens screws.
__________5. Its long and soft natural bristles can be used to dust off the surface
of
circuit boards and its hard-to-reach areas
__________6. It is use to loosen or tighten slotted screws.
__________7. It is use to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity
in
computer components
__________8. It is use to clean different computer components without scratching
or
leaving debris.
2
__________9. It is use to connect wires into the metal components of a computer;
it is
designed to connect or attach a connector at the end of a cable to
be able to link or connect to a network of other computers.
__________10. It is use to prevent ESD damage to computer equipment.
B. Matching Type
Match column B with the tools being describe in column A. Write the letter of the
correct answer in your notebook.
A B
_______1. Use to stand on or place
hardware on to prevent static
electricity from building up.
A.
_______2. Tighten / loosen screw
B.
_______3. Tighten / looses bold with a
hexagonal head
C.
_______4. Retrieve parts that may be
hard to reach by your fingers
D.
_______5. a tool used to join two or
more metal conductors with the
support of soldering lead melted
around it.
E.
3
Note: If you get 100% correct in this pre- assessment, skip the lesson
but if not and only get 50% to 99% correct, then proceed with the
lesson.
Lesso USING AND MAINTAINING
HAND TOOLS
n 1
What’s In
Why is it important to know the functions and uses of hand tools?
What do you observe when using hand tools?
What’s New
Arrange the scrambled letters to form a word below by
understanding the given meaning of the correct term. Write your answer in your
activity notebook.
TROLLEC-ITATSC SIDGEARCH LOOTS
____________________ Provides the most basic means for the controlled discharge
of electrostatic electricity.
DNAH TSOLO
____________________ Devices for performing work on a material or a physical
system using only hands.
NIEACLNG OOLTS
____________________ These tools ensure that computers stay tidy and dirt-free.
TINOGASDIC SOOLT
4
____________________ They are used to test the integrity of circuits and
functionality of ports.
What is It
Proper Tool Selection
A tool is a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task. Tools range
from a traditional metal cutting part of a machine to an element of a computer
program that activates and controls a particular function.
Preparing for the task to be undertaken includes proper tool selection.
1. How do you select the best tool for the job? First, know and
understand in detail the scope of work to be accomplished, second, plan for the
scope taking into account the sequence of tasks.
2. Selecting the best tool for each task requires training in the proper
use of the tools, field experience in their safe use, and following the
manufacturer’s guidance and instructions for that specific tool.
3. When obtaining the tool all the associated tooling and consumable
parts, as recommended by the manufacturer, must be included. In addition,
related consumable parts must also be selected and used according to their
manufacturer’s instructions.
Safe Use of tools
Once selected, use the tool for the purpose for which it was designed. Not
all tools come with detailed instructions, but there are those that do spell out the
safety ―Do’s and Don’ts for your safety. If there are set-up/use options, operator
judgment must always be based on what is the safest way to use the tool.
Environmental Safety and Health Program requires the following:
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Clean tools and equipment work more efficiently. At the end of each working day
clean the tools and equipment you used and check them for any damage. If you
note and damage, tag the tool as faulty and organize a repair or replacement.
Electrical current can travel over oily or greasy surfaces. Keep electrical power
hand tools free from dust and dirt and make sure they are free of oil and grease.
All workshop hand tools and equipment should have maintenance schedule.
Always complete the tasks described on the schedule at the required time. This
will help to keep the hand tools in safe working order.
Store commonly used hand tools in an easy-to-reach location. If a tool or a
piece is too difficult to return, it could be left on a workbench or on the floor
where it will become a safety hazard. Keep your work area tidy. This will help
you work more efficiently and safely.
HARDWARE TOOLS
To complete hardware repairs, it is important to have a toolkit that should
contain all of the necessary tools. As you gain experience, you will learn which
tools to have available for different types of jobs. Hardware tools are grouped
into these four categories:
• Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) tools
• Hand tools
• Cleaning tools
• Diagnostic tools
Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) Tools
Static electricity is easily generated by friction on carpets, tile flooring,
clothing, hair, fabric, and etc. The friction of moving air alone will charge
suspended particles and cause the buildup of static electrical charges on people
and objects in the environment. Grounded antistatic work mats used with
antistatic wrist straps provide the most basic means for the controlled discharge
of electrostatic electricity.
6
Anti-static wrist strap – used to prevent ESD
damage to computer equipment.
Anti-static mat – used to stand on or place hardware on to prevent
static electricity from building up.
Anti-static bag- is a packaging material that is specially designed to help
prevent static electricity interacting with sensitive electrical components.
Hand Tools
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A hand tool is a device for performing work on a material or a physical
system using only hands. The hand tools can be manually used employing
force, or electrically powered, using electrical current
Flat head screwdriver – used to loosen or tighten slotted
screws.
Philips head screwdriver – used to loosen or tighten crosshead
screws.
Torx screwdriver - used to loosen or tighten screws
that have a star-like depression on the top, a feature that is
mainly found on laptop.
Hex driver – sometimes called a nut driver, is used to tighten nuts in the
same way that a screwdriver tightens screws.
8
Needle-nose plier – used to hold small parts
Wire cutter – used to strip and cut wires
Tweezers – used to manipulate small parts.
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Flashlight or Headlight – used
to light up areas that you
cannot see well.
Soldering Pencil – a tool used to join two or more
metal conductors with the support of soldering lead
melted around it.
Desoldering Tool – a tool used to unsoldered unwanted parts or component in
the circuit with the support of soldering pencil.
Precision Screwdriver- comes from different interchangeable heads which
can be switched; used for tiny screws found in the inner part of the components
of a compute
Crimping tool- used to connect wires into the metal components of a computer;
it is designed to connect or attach a connector at the end of a cable to be able
to link or connect to a network of other computers
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Cleaning Tools
Having the appropriate cleaning tools is essential when maintaining or
repairing computers. Using these tools ensures that computer components are
not damaged during cleaning. They also make computers tidy and dirt-free.
Lint-free cloth – used to clean different computer components without
scratching or leaving debris.
Compressed air – used to blow away dust and debris from different computer
parts without touching the components.
Cable ties – used to bundle cables neatly inside and
outside of a computer.
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Parts organizer – used to hold screw, jumpers,
fasteners and other small parts and prevents them
from getting mixed together.
Paint brush- its long and soft natural bristles can be used to dust off the surface
of circuit boards and its hardtoreach areas
Rubbing alcohol- used to wipe away
sticky substances on the surface of
components; its quick evaporation lessens
the chance of causing electrical damage to
components
Diagnostic Tools
Computers are easier to use and more dependable with each new
generation of hardware and operating system update, but that doesn't mean
they're problemfree. Diagnostic tools are used to test the integrity of circuits and
functionality of ports.
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LAN Tester- is a device used to test the network
connection.
Digital Multimeter- also called Volt-Ohm- Milliammeter (VOM), a handy and
battery operated tool used to measure voltge, current and resistance; and
effective tool to check or diagnose if the circuits in a component is working or
not.
Multimeter – used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in
computer components.
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Loopback Adapter – used to test the functionality of computer ports.
Toner probe – the toner part is connected to a cable at one end using specific
adapters, such as an RJ-45, coaxial, or metal clips. The toner generates a tone
that travels the length of the cable. The probe part traces the cable. When the
probe is in near proximity to the cable to which the toner is attached, the tone
can be heard through a speaker in the probe.
PROPER USE OF TOOLS
Proper Use of ESD Tools
The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap is to equalize the electrical charge
between you and the equipment. The antistatic wrist strap is a conductor that
connects your body to the equipment that you are working on. When static
electricity builds up in your body, the connection made by the wrist strap to the
equipment, or ground, channels the electricity through the wire that connects
the strap. The wrist strap has two parts and is easy to wear:
1. Wrap the strap around your wrist and secure it
using the snap or Velcro. The metal on the back of
the wrist strap must remain in contact with your
skin at all times.
2. Snap the connector at the end of the wire to the
wrist strap, and connect the other end either to the
equipment or to the same grounding point that the
antistatic mat is connected to. The metal skeleton
of the case is a good place to connect the wire.
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When connecting the wire to equipment that you are working on, choose an
unpainted metal surface. A painted
surface does not conduct the electricity as well as unpainted metal.
An antistatic mat is slightly conductive. It works by drawing static
electricity away from a component and transferring it safely from equipment to a
grounding point: 1. Lay the mat on the workspace next to or under the computer
case. 2. Clip the mat to the case to provide a grounded surface on which you can
place parts as you remove them from the system. Reducing the potential for ESD
reduces the likelihood of damage to delicate circuits or components.
Proper Use of Hand Tools
A technician needs to be able to
properly use each tool in the toolkit. This
topic covers many of the various hand tools
used when repairing computers.
Screws Match each screw with the
proper screwdriver. Place the tip of the
screwdriver on the head of the screw. Turn
the screwdriver clockwise to tighten the
screw and counterclockwise to loosen the
screw.
Screws can become stripped if you over-tighten them with a screwdriver.
A stripped screw, may get stuck in the screw hole, or it may not tighten firmly.
Discard stripped screws.
Flat head screwdriver Use a flat head screwdriver when you are working
with a slotted screw. Do not use a flat head screwdriver to remove a Phillips head
screw.
Never use a screwdriver as a pry bar. If you cannot remove a component, check
to see if there is a clip or latch that is securing the component in place.
CAUTION: If excessive force is needed to remove or add a component,
something is probably wrong. Take a second look to make sure that you have not
missed a screw or a locking clip that is holding the component in place. Refer to
the device manual or diagram for additional information.
Phillips head screwdriver Use a Phillips head screwdriver with crosshead
screws. Do not use this type of screwdriver to puncture anything. This will
damage the head of the screwdriver.
Hex driver Use a hex driver to loosen and tighten bolts that have a hexagonal
(sixsided) head. Hex bolts should not be over-tightened because the threads of
the bolts can be stripped. Do not use a hex driver that is too large for the bolt
that you are using.
CAUTION: Some tools are magnetized. When working
around electronic devices, be sure that the tools you are
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using have not been magnetized. Magnetic fields can be harmful to data stored
on magnetic media. Test your tool by touching the tool with a screw. If the screw
is attracted to the tool, do not use the tool.
Part retriever, Needle-nose pliers, or tweezers The part retriever, needle-
nose pliers, and tweezers can be used to place and retrieve parts that may be
hard to reach with your fingers. Do not scratch or hit any components when
using these tools.
CAUTION: Pencils should not be used inside the computer to change the setting
of switches or to pry off jumpers. The pencil lead can act as a conductor and may
damage the computer components.
Proper Use of Cleaning Materials
Keeping computers clean inside and out
is a vital part of a maintenance program. Dirt
can cause problems with the physical operation
of fans, buttons, and other mechanical
components. On electrical components, an
excessive buildup of dust will act like an
insulator and trap the heat. This insulation will
impair the ability of heat sinks and cooling fans
to keep components cool, causing chips and
circuits to overheat and fail.
CAUTION: When compressed air is used to clean inside the computer, the air
should be blown around the components with a minimum distance of four inches
from the nozzle. The power supply and the fan should be cleaned from the back
of the case.
CAUTION: Before cleaning any device, turn it off and unplug the device from the
power source.
Computer Cases and Monitors Clean computer cases and the outside of
monitors with a mild cleaning solution on a damp, lint-free cloth. Mix one drop of
dishwashing liquid with four ounces of water to create the cleaning solution. If
any water drips inside the case, allow enough time for the liquid to dry before
powering on the computer.
LCD Screens Do not use ammoniated glass cleaners or any other solution
on an LCD screen, unless the cleaner is specifically designed for the purpose.
Harsh chemicals will damage the coating on the screen. There is no glass
protecting these screens, so be gentle when cleaning them and do not press
firmly on the screen.
CRT Screens to clean the screens of CRT monitors, dampen a soft, clean,
lintfree cloth with distilled water and wipe the screen from top to bottom. Then
use a soft, dry cloth to wipe the screen and remove any streaking after you have
cleaned the monitor.
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Clean dusty components with a can of compressed air. Compressed air
does not cause electrostatic buildup on components. Make sure that you are in a
wellventilated area before blowing the dust out of the computer. A best practice
is to wear a dust mask to make sure that you do not breathe in the dust
particles.
Blow out the dust using short bursts from the can. Never tip the can or use
the compressed air can upside down. Do not allow the fan blades to spin from
the force of the compressed air. Hold the fan in place. Fan motors can be ruined
from spinning when the motor is not turned on.
Component Contacts Clean the contacts on components with isopropyl
alcohol. Do not use rubbing alcohol. Rubbing alcohol contains impurities that can
damage contacts. Make sure that the contacts do not collect any lint from the
cloth or cotton swab. Blow any lint off the contacts with compressed air before
reinstallation.
Keyboard Clean a desktop keyboard
with compressed air or a small, hand-held
vacuum cleaner with a brush attachment.
CAUTION: Never use a standard vacuum
cleaner inside a computer case. The plastic
parts of the vacuum cleaner can build up
static
electricity and discharge to the components. Use only a vacuum approved for
electronic components.
Mouse Use glass cleaner and a soft cloth to clean the outside of the
mouse. Do not spray glass cleaner directly on the mouse. If cleaning a ball
mouse, you can remove the ball and clean it with glass cleaner and a soft cloth.
Wipe the rollers clean inside the mouse with the same cloth. Do not spray any
liquids inside the mouse.
What’s More
Task 1.
Direction: Complete the table below. Choose at least 5 hand tools available at
home and conduct a maintenance activity.
TOOLS MAINTENANCE ACTIVITY
Example:
1. Flat Head Screwdriver Clean and Magnetize
17
What I Have Learned
Direction: Answer the K-W-L chart. Write your answer in your notebook.
K W L
What do you think you What do you WANT to What did you LEARN
KNOW about Hand know about Hand about Hand Tools?
Tools? Tools?
What I Can Do
Activity 1
Direction: Identify the correct tool that is being described by the following
statements. After identifying the tool, classify it as ESD, Hand Tool , Cleaning
Tool or Diagnostic Tool. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
1. Used to strip and cut wires. (_______________, ______________)
2. Used to retrieve parts from location that are too small for your hand to fit.
(_______________, ______________)
3. Used to loosen or tighten slotted screws. (_______________, ______________)
4. Used to loosen or tighten screws that have a star-like depression on the top,
a feature that is mainly found on laptop. (_______________, ______________)
5. Used to blow away dust and debris from different computer parts without
touching the components. (_______________, ______________)
6. Used to light up areas that you cannot see well. (_______________,
______________)
18
7. Used to hold small parts. (_______________, ______________)
8. Used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in computer
components. (_______________, ______________)
9. Used to clean different computer components without scratching or leaving
debris. (_______________, ______________)
10. Used to test the functionality of computer ports. (_______________,
______________)
11. Used to connect an RJ-45 to the end of a cable. (_______________,
______________)
12. Used to test LAN/Internet cable. (_______________, ______________)
Activity 2
Direction: Complete the computer cleaning chart shown below. Write your
answer in your activity notebook.
COMPUTER MAINTENANCE
COMPONENTS TO CLEAN CLEAN WITH:
Computer case and outside monitor Mild cleaning solution and lint free
cloth (sample)
Keyboard
Mouse
LCD Screen
CRT Screen
Heat Sink
RAM
Assessment
Fill in the blanks. Choose your answer from the box.
Write your answers in your activity notebook.
Hex driver isopropyl distilled lead
Four insulator Philips hand tools
counter clockwise Clockwise equalize safety
1. The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap is to ________ the electrical charge
between you and the equipment.
2. Turn the screwdriver _________ to tighten the screw 3. Turn the screwdriver
________________ to loosen the screw.
19
4. Use a ________ head screwdriver with crosshead screws.
5. On electrical components, an excessive buildup of dust will act like an
_________ and trap the heat.
6. When compressed air is used to clean inside the computer, the air should be
blown around the components with a minimum distance of ______ inches from
the nozzle.
7. Pencils should not be used inside the computer to change the setting of
switches or to pry off jumpers because the tip contains _____ which can act as
a conductor and may damage the computer components.
8. To clean the screens of CRT monitors, dampen a soft, clean, lint-free cloth with
_______ water and wipe the screen from top to bottom.
9. Clean the contacts on components with _________ alcohol.
10. Use a __________ to loosen and tighten bolts that have a hexagonal (six-
sided) head.
Multiple Choice
Select the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in your activity
notebook.
______ 1. What do you call this kind of ESD Tool that works by drawing static
electricity away from a component and transferring it safely from
equipment to a grounding point?
A. Anti-static wrist strap C. Electro-Static Discharge (ESD)
Tools
B. Anti-static mat D. Diagnostic tools
_____ 2. The following are the proper way of cleaning the component contacts
except____.
A. Clean the contacts on components with isopropyl alcohol.
B. Blow out the dust using short burst from the can.
C. Do not use rubbing alcohol.
D. Make sure that the contacts do not collect any lint from the cloth or
cotton swab.
______ 3. Which tool is used to manipulate small parts?
A. Wire cutter B. Tweezers C. Part retriever D. Hex driver
______ 4. Which tool is used to prevent ESD damage to computer equipment?
A. Anti-static wrist strap C. Electro-Static Discharge (ESD)
Tools
B. Anti-static mat D. Diagnostic tools
_____ 5. A Tool used to unsoldered unwanted parts or component in the circuit
with the support of soldering pencil
A. Desoldering Tool C. Crimping Tool
B. Soldering Tool D. part Retriever
______ 6. Which tool is used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of
electricity in computer components?
A. Multimeter B. Tweezers C. Anti-static wrist strap DLoopback Adapter
______ 7. Which hand tool is used to driver to loosen and tighten bolts that have a
hexagonal (six-sided) head?
20
A. Needle-nose pliers C. Phillips head screwdriver
B. Tweezers D. Hex driver
______ 8. Among the four categories of hardware tools, which tool is used for
performing work on a material or a physical system using only hands?
A. Hand Tool B. ESD Tool C. Cleaning Tool D. Diagnostic
Tool
_____ 9. Is a device used to test the network connection
A. LAN Tester C. Loopback adapter
B. Multimeter D. Crimping Tool
______ 10. Which cleaning tool is used to clean different computer components
without scratching or leaving debris?
A. Lint-free cloth B. Cable ties C. Compressed air D. Part
retriever
Additional Activities
Direction: Creating acrostic poem about Computer Hardware Tools.
Choose a particular tool to be the subject of your poem. Write the letters
of that word vertically on your paper. Now write about the subject using
words that start with the letters in your column. All lines of the poem
should relate to or describe the poem. Acrostic poems maybe made of
single words, phrases or sentences. The poem does not need to rhyme. Be
creative and use your imagination.
21
22
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https://www.slideshare.net/kenjoyb/k-to-12-pc-hardware-servicing-learning-module
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education
– Schools Division of Negros Oriental
Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro
, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net