1.
Climate Change
Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing the world today. It refers to the
long-term changes in Earth's climate, especially a rise in global temperatures, due to natural
processes and human activities. The main cause of recent climate change is the increase in
greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. These gases trap heat in
the atmosphere, leading to global warming.
Human activities such as burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas), deforestation, and large-
scale industrial farming have significantly contributed to this problem. As a result, glaciers
are melting, sea levels are rising, and weather patterns are becoming more extreme—
causing floods, droughts, wildfires, and stronger hurricanes.
Climate change affects not only the environment but also human health, agriculture, and
economies. Poor and developing countries are often hit the hardest. Solutions include
reducing carbon emissions, using renewable energy sources like solar and wind, conserving
forests, and adopting sustainable lifestyles. International agreements like the Paris Climate
Accord aim to unite countries in this fight.
Everyone—from governments to individuals—must take action to reduce the impact of
climate change and protect the planet for future generations.