RS

RS
Consumer Price 4.7% 26.0%
Index (CPI)
Rs
(FY2025)* (FY2024)*

CPI Urban 5.7% 26.3% Rs

(FY2025)* (FY2024)*

1.1% (FY2025)* 9.1% (FY2025)*

Food: 26.8% (FY2024)* Non-Food: 25.9% (FY2024)*

CPI Rural 3.3% 25.5% Rs

(FY2025)* (FY2024)*

-1.5% (FY2025)* 8.3% (FY2025)*

Food: 26.5% (FY2024)* Non-Food: 24.5% (FY2024)*

Urban Rural
Core: 8.8% (FY2025)* 11.6% (FY2025)* Rs

16.9% (FY2024)* 24.0% (FY2024)*

Sensitive Price 4.9% 30.2%

Indicator (SPI) (FY2025)* (FY2024)*

Wholesale Price 2.2% 22.4%

Index (WPI) (FY2025)* (FY2024)*

FAO Food Price

Index ** 7.6%
*: Jul-Apr ** : April 2025/April 2024
 Chapter 7

FY 2025 has witnessed a significant decrease in interventions by the State Bank of Pakistan
inflation, reflecting the government's tireless (SBP), and exchange rate stability. Despite
efforts to tackle this complex issue that creates various external factors contributing to inflation,
uncertainties and affects the households and the government's concerted efforts have
businesses alike. By implementing the mitigated these pressures, bringing much-
administrative, relief, and policy measures, the needed relief to the people.
government has successfully stabilized prices
and ensured food and energy affordability for the Since the start of the current fiscal year, the
masses. Thus, Consumer Price Index (CPI) economy has witnessed a marked decline in
inflation decreased to 4.7 percent during inflationary pressures, reflecting a notable
July-April FY 2025, down from 26.0 percent in stability in the economy. CPI inflation, which
the same period last year. The drop in inflation stood at 11.1 percent year-on-year in July 2024,
from 23.4 percent in FY 2024 and 29.2 percent marked a significant decline from 28.3 percent
in FY 2023 is a testament to the government's in July 2023. This downward trend persisted,
effective strategy. These efforts demonstrate the with inflation hitting as low as 1.5 percent in
government's commitment to improving February 2025, the lowest since September
citizens' lives and fostering a stable 2015. The trend continued, with inflation further
macroeconomic environment. This remarkable easing to 0.7 percent by March 2025 and
decline is a direct result of the government's remarkably dropping to 0.3 percent in April
balanced policy framework, which effectively 2025, a multi-decade low.
combines fiscal discipline, targeted

Fig-7.1: Month-Wise CPI Inflation FY 2024 FY 2025

35
30
31.4

25
29.7
29.2

28.3
28.3

27.4

26.8

20
23.1

15
20.7
%

11.1

17.3

10
9.6

7.2
6.9

5
4.9

4.1

2.4

1.5

0.7

0.3

0
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

This sharp decline in inflation in Pakistan can easing of inflation is also influenced by the
also be attributed to several factors, including decline in commodity prices globally, primarily
improved food availability, decreased energy driven by improved energy supplies and food.
prices, and excess production capacity. The

117
Pakistan Economic Survey 2024-25

The year-wise trend of inflation from FY 2018 next two years, eventually returning to the levels
to July-April FY 2025 shows a steady rise up to observed in FY 2018 as shown in Fig-7.2.
FY 2023, followed by a gradual decline over the

Fig-7.2: Year-wise CPI Inflation

35
29.2
30
23.4
25

20
12.2
%

15
10.7
10 6.8 8.9
4.7
5 4.7
0
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25
(Jul-Apr)
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

Reduced inflationary pressures ease input cost services came next with 12.8 percent inflation,
burdens, enabling firms to expand production though it dropped sharply from 30.6 percent,
capacity more efficiently. Additionally, as showing significant improvement in price
inflation declines and price stability is restored, stability within this diverse category. Education
investor confidence strengthens, encouraging also experienced relatively high inflation at 11.6
capital formation and contributing to broader percent, nearly stable compared to 12.4 percent
economic stability. last year, reflecting persistent increases in tuition
fees and educational expenses. The category of
URAAN Pakistan initiative supports price Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas, and Other
stability by reducing production costs through Fuels remained an important contributor, posting
energy sector reforms and promoting export-led 8.5 percent inflation due to its large weight in the
growth, which strengthens the currency and CPI basket, despite a sharp fall from 28.4 percent
lowers import-driven inflation. These measures, a year earlier. Similarly, Restaurants and Hotels
combined with fiscal discipline and structural registered 8.2 percent inflation, down
reforms, help stabilize prices and build investor considerably from 28.3 percent, reflecting
confidence. reduced pressure on hospitality prices.
7.1 Consumer Price Index (National) – Both Communication and Recreation & Culture
Period Analysis recorded inflation of 7.3 percent and 8.0 percent
During July-April FY 2025, the headline CPI respectively. While inflation in communication
inflation was 4.7 percent, compared to 26.0 eased slightly from 11.1 percent, the recreation
percent during the same period last year (Table category saw a dramatic drop from 40.8 percent.
7.1). The decline in inflation was broad based, Inflation for Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco
with single-digit inflation observed in all slowed drastically to 6.6 percent from a high of
categories of CPI. In FY 2025, Clothing and 59.8 percent, which may reflect the waning
Footwear recorded the higher inflation among all impact of earlier tax hikes. Likewise, inflation in
CPI components at 14.4 percent though it Furnishing and Household Equipment
marked a decline from 19.8 percent in FY 2024. Maintenance dropped to 6.0 percent from 31.5
This suggests that price pressures in this percent, suggesting easing in consumer durable
category remain elevated. Following this, Health and maintenance-related costs.
saw a notable inflation of 14.5 percent, down Among food items, Perishable food inflation
from 22.1 percent, indicating continued cost
remained modest at 1.0 percent, down from 18.5
pressures in medical goods and services, though
at a slower pace. Miscellaneous goods and percent, likely influenced by supply

118
 Inflation

improvements. In contrast, the Transport Perishable Food Items fell by 1.7 percent,
category entered deflation of 1.1 percent, reversing from a sharp rise of 26.7 percent. This
reversing from 21.4 percent inflation the shift likely reflects improved food supply chains,
previous year, possibly due to a decline in fuel stable commodity prices, and government price
prices or stabilized transport fares. The most control measures. Table 7.1 compares the
significant deflation was observed in Food and percentage change in the disaggregated CPI-
Non-Alcoholic Beverages, with prices declining National Inflation for the period July-April of the
1.3 percent overall, compared to a 25.5 percent current fiscal year with that of the previous fiscal
increase in FY 2024. Within this, Non- year.

Table 7.1: Disaggregated CPI-National Inflation (July-April)

Group Weights Percent Change on average basis
2023-24 2024-25
CPI National 100.0 26.0 4.7
Food & Non-alcoholic Beverages 34.6 25.5 -1.3
i) Non- perishable Food Items 29.6 26.7 -1.7
ii) Perishable Food Items 5.0 18.5 1.0
Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco 1.0 59.8 6.6
Restaurant & Hotels 6.9 28.3 8.2
Clothing &Footwear 8.6 19.8 14.4
Housing, Water, Electricity. Gas& other Fuel 23.6 28.4 8.5
Furnishing & Household Equipment Maintenance 4.1 31.5 6.0
Health 2.8 22.1 14.5
Transport 5.9 21.4 -1.1
Communication 2.2 11.1 7.3
Recreation & culture 1.6 40.8 8.0
Education 3.8 12.4 11.6
Miscellaneous 4.9 30.6 12.8
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

CPI Inflation-Urban increased by 0.5 percent increases of 11.3 percent and 25.6 percent,
on a YoY basis in April 2025 compared to an respectively, in the same month last year. During
increase of 1.2 percent in the previous month and July-April FY 2025, CPI Inflation-Urban was
19.4 percent in April 2024. The Urban Food recorded at 5.7 percent against 26.3 percent in
recorded a decline of 1.9 percent and Non-Food the previous year.
inflation increased by 2.2 percent, compared to

Fig-7.3: Composition of Urban CPI Inflation (YoY) Core

40 Energy
35 Food

30 CPI-Urban

25
% Contribution

20
15
10
5
0
-5
Jun-21

Jun-22

Jun-23

Jun-24
Apr-21

Apr-22

Apr-23

Apr-24

Apr-25
Dec-20

Aug-21

Dec-21

Aug-22

Dec-22

Aug-23

Dec-23

Aug-24

Dec-24
Oct-21

Oct-22

Oct-23

Oct-24
Feb-21

Feb-22

Feb-23

Feb-24

Feb-25

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Pakistan Economic Survey 2024-25

Figure 7.3 shows that from mid-2022 to mid- government’s efforts to bring relief through
2023, CPI-Urban inflation rose sharply, mainly price controls, energy subsidies, better supply of
because food and energy prices went up a lot. essentials, and tighter economic policies. These
But starting in late 2023, things began to steps helped ease pressure on households and
improve as food and energy prices started to brought overall inflation down to much more
ease, and by early 2025, even pulling inflation manageable levels. Group-wise details of
down to negative. This big change reflects the inflation are given in Table 7.2.
Table 7.2: Disaggregated CPI-Urban Inflation (July-April)
Percent change on Average Basis
Group Weights
2023-24 2024-25
CPI Urban 100.0 26.3 5.7
Food Group 38.7 26.8 1.1
Food Products, Beverages and Tobacco, Textiles
Apparel and Leather Products 30.4 25.7 0.0
i) Non- perishable 26.0 27.0 -0.3
ii) Perishable 4.5 18.2 1.8
Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco 0.9 58.0 6.6
Restaurant & Hotels 7.4 27.9 6.8
Non-Food 61.3 25.9 9.1
Clothing & Footwear 8.0 16.9 14.9
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuel 27.0 32.4 10.5
Furnishing & Household, Equipment Maintenance 4.1 29.5 5.1
Health 2.3 23.5 15.8
Transport 6.1 18.9 -0.9
Communication 2.4 12.1 6.3
Recreation & culture 1.7 39.9 6.0
Education 4.9 11.0 8.4
Miscellaneous 4.8 29.2 11.3
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

While overall inflation declined significantly, ten months of FY 2025, core inflation, which
the reduction in core inflation which excludes excludes food and energy, fell to nearly half the
volatile food and energy prices was more level seen in the same period last year. In urban
moderate and gradual (Table 7.3). Inflation areas, this downward trend has been consistent
expectations among businesses and consumers since December 2023. In recent months, the
remained unanchored. However, as the effects of narrowing gap between overall and core
past shocks, especially from high food and inflation confirms that the earlier shocks to food
energy prices, began to fade, core inflation also and energy prices are gradually subsiding.
started to slow down noticeably. During the first

Table 7.3: Core Inflation – Urban (percent)

Months Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Jul-Apr
2023-24 18.4 18.4 18.6 18.5 18.6 18.2 17.8 15.5 12.8 13.1 16.9
2024-25 11.7 10.2 9.3 8.6 8.9 8.1 7.8 7.8 8.2 7.4 8.8
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

CPI Inflation-Rural declined by 0.1 percent Non-Food inflation increased by 4.4 percent,
YoY in April 2025 compared to 0.02 percent in compared to 9.5 percent and 20.0 percent,
the previous month and 14.5 percent in April respectively, in the same month last year. During
2024. July-April FY 2025, CPI Inflation-Rural was
recorded at 3.3 percent, as against 25.5 percent
While Food recorded a decline of 4.6 percent, during the same period the previous year.

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 Inflation

This sharp disinflation was broad-based, energy prices, underutilized production capacity
affecting various groups within both urban and in the economy due to still subdued domestic
rural consumption baskets. It was driven by a demand, and generally stable global commodity
combination of factors, including improved prices.
availability of key food items, a reduction in

Fig-7.4: Composition of Rural CPI Inflation (YoY) Core

45
Energy
40
Food
35
30 CPI-Rural
% Contribution

25
20
15
10
5
0
-5
Feb-21

Feb-22

Feb-23

Feb-24

Feb-25
Aug-21

Aug-22

Aug-23
Jun-21

Oct-21

Jun-22

Oct-22

Jun-23

Oct-23

Aug-24
Jun-24

Oct-24
Dec-20

Apr-21

Dec-21

Apr-22

Dec-22

Apr-23

Dec-23

Apr-24

Dec-24

Apr-25
Figure 7.4 shows that from December 2020 inflation, especially in 2022–23. After May
onward, food became the dominant driver of 2023, food and energy contributions sharply
rural inflation, contributing increasingly to declined, leading to a sharp decline in overall
overall CPI-Rural. Its contribution rose from 6.3 rural CPI. By April 2025, total CPI-Rural
percentage points in December 2020 to a peak of inflation turned negative (-0.1 percentage point),
24.6 percentage points in May 2023, accounting with food (-2.2 percentage point) and energy (-
for over half of the inflation during that period. 1.7 percentage point) dragging inflation down,
Core inflation also grew rising from 3.2 while core (3.8 percentage point) remained
percentage points in December 2020 to 11.3 positive, indicating inflation persistence in non-
percentage points in May 2023, showing broad- volatile components despite overall disinflation.
based price pressures. Energy’s role was more The group-wise details are given in Table 7.4.
volatile but added meaningfully to overall

Table 7.4: Disaggregated CPI-Rural Inflation (July-April)

Percent Change on Average Basis
Group Weights
2023-24 2024-25
CPI Rural 100.0 25.5 3.3
Food Group 48.3 26.5 -1.5
Food Products, Beverages and Tobacco, Textiles
40.9 25.3 -2.8
Apparel and Leather Products
i) Non- perishable 35.1 26.4 -3.2
ii) Perishable 5.8 18.8 0.2
Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco 1.3 61.8 6.5
Restaurant & Hotels 6.2 29.0 10.8
Non-Food 51.7 24.5 8.3
Clothing & Footwear 9.5 23.2 13.9
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuel 18.5 20.2 4.0
Furnishing & Household, Equipment Maintenance 4.1 34.4 7.3
Health 3.5 20.8 13.2
Transport 5.6 25.7 -1.5

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Pakistan Economic Survey 2024-25

Table 7.4: Disaggregated CPI-Rural Inflation (July-April)

Percent Change on Average Basis
Group Weights
2023-24 2024-25
Communication 2.0 9.2 9.1
Recreation & culture 1.4 42.4 11.5
Education 2.1 17.4 22.6
Miscellaneous 5.0 32.6 15.0
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

Table 7.5 shows that prices in rural areas April 2025, inflation dropped to 9 percent,
(excluding food and energy) were very high last showing a big improvement. On average, rural
year, especially around September 2023. But inflation was much lower this year compared to
since then, things have been getting better, with the last year.
prices slowly coming down every month. By
Table 7.5: Core Inflation – Rural (percent)
Months Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Jul-Apr
2023-24 24.6 25.9 27.3 26.7 25.9 25.1 24.6 21.9 20.0 19.3 24.0
2024-25 16.9 14.4 12.1 11.7 10.9 10.7 10.4 10.4 10.2 9.0 11.6
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

7.2 Wholesale Price Index (WPI) Inflation supply chain disruptions, or increased
production costs. In contrast, FY 2025 shows a
The Wholesale Price Index (WPI) collects prices
steep decline in WPI across the same months.
of 419 items from 19 major cities. The WPI
Starting at 10.4 percent in July, the index
reflects the average change in prices at the
continues to fall each month, turning negative in
wholesale level, serving as a key indicator of
February (-0.7 percent), March (-1.6 percent),
inflation from the producers’ perspective. In FY
and April (-2.2 percent).
2024, the WPI remained consistently high
throughout the year, peaking at 27.3 percent in The overall Wholesale Price Index (WPI)
December and staying above 20 percent for most inflation fell sharply from 22.4 percent in July–
months. This indicates that inflation at the April FY 2024 to just 2.2 percent in FY 2025,
wholesale level was significantly elevated indicating significant easing of wholesale price
during that period, which may have been driven pressures. The group-wise comparison can be
by factors such as high commodity prices, found in Table 7.6.

Table 7.6: Disaggregated Wholesale Price Index (WPI) Inflation (percent)

July-April
Group Weights
2023-24 2024-25
General (WPI) 100.0 22.4 2.2
Agriculture Forestry& Fishery 25.8 16.5 0.8
Ores & Minerals, electricity gas & water 12.0 47.4 9.3
Food Products, Beverages and Tobacco, Textiles Apparel and
31.1 19.6 5.7
Leather Products
i) Food Products and Bev. & Tobacco 20.1 24.6 5.2
ii) Textiles & Apparel 10.3 9.7 7.0
iii) Leather Products 0.7 15.6 -0.6
Other Transportable Goods Except for Metal Products, Machinery
22.4 17.5 -4.4
and Equipments
Metal Products Machinery & Equipment 8.7 31.7 4.1
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

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 Inflation

The Agriculture Forestry & Fishery group, with required, immediate measures are taken to
a large weight of 25.8 percent, saw a major drop control price fluctuations. The figures show a
in inflation from 16.5 percent to 0.8 percent, comparison of the SPI for fiscal years FY 2025
reflecting improved supply and stable input and FY 2024 on a monthly basis from July to
costs. The Ores, Minerals, Electricity, Gas & April. This downward trend continued
Water group remained inflationary but eased throughout the fiscal year, dropping to negative
significantly, from 47.4 percent to 9.3 percent, territory from February to April FY 2025.
due to lower global energy prices and tariff
adjustments. The Food, Beverages, Textiles, and Fig 7.5: SPI Year on Year SPI FY 25

Leather Products (31.1 percent weight) also

SPI FY 24
40
tamed down, with inflation dropping from 19.6 36
32
percent to 5.7 percent. Food prices fell sharply, 28
while textiles and leather showed moderate to 24
negative inflation. Other Transportable Goods 20
16
experienced deflation, moving from 17.5 percent

%
12
inflation to 4.4 percent deflation, largely due to 8
reduced costs of fuels, chemicals, and related 4
0
goods. Finally, Metal Products, Machinery & -4
Equipment inflation dropped from 31.7 percent -8 -3.2

to 4.1 percent, easing pressures on industrial and

Jan
Sep

Feb

Mar
Jul

Aug

Nov

Dec

Apr
Oct
development sectors.
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
7.3 Sensitive Price Indicator (SPI) inflation
SPI is computed weekly to assess the price The annualized increase in SPI during July-April
movements of essential commodities at a shorter FY 2025 was recorded at 4.9 percent against
interval of time. SPI comprises 51 essential 30.2 percent in the same period last year.
items, and the prices are collected from 50 Twenty-four (24) major food items, including
markets in 17 cities/urban centers of the country wheat, wheat flour, rice, tomatoes, onions,
(Table 7.7). masoor pulse, moong pulse, mash pulse,
chicken, sugar, red chilies, etc., weighting 57
The trend of SPI is monitored regularly, and, if percent, influenced SPI by (-) 0.7 percent.

Table 7.7: Change in prices of major food items of SPI

Percent Change
Items Units Weights Apr-25 Apr-24 Contributions
Apr-25/ Apr-24
Wheat Flour Bag 20 Kg 4.0 1642.3 2410.1 -31.9 -1.3
Rice Basmati Broken 1 Kg 1.3 201.1 224.2 -10.3 -0.1
Bread plain Each 0.6 108.7 116.2 -6.5 0.0
Beef with Bone 1 Kg 3.4 1083.2 902.5 20.0 0.7
Mutton 1 Kg 2.4 2005.4 1833.9 9.4 0.2
Chicken 1 Kg 3.9 459.6 473.9 -3.0 -0.1
Milk fresh (Un-boiled) 1 Litre 18.4 198.4 185.6 6.9 1.3
Curd 1 Kg 1.8 230.5 217.5 6.0 0.1
Powdered Milk 390 gm 0.4 1036.9 830.7 24.8 0.1
Eggs Hen 1 Dozen 1.4 238.5 262.6 -9.2 -0.1
Cooking Oil DALDA 5 Litre 3.1 2915.5 2634.2 10.7 0.3
Vegetable Ghee 1kg 1.5 576.2 498.5 15.6 0.2
Bananas 1 Dozen 0.9 184.4 169.7 8.6 0.1
Pulse Masoor 1 Kg 0.5 294.4 329.7 -10.7 0.0

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Pakistan Economic Survey 2024-25

Table 7.7: Change in prices of major food items of SPI

Percent Change
Items Units Weights Apr-25 Apr-24 Contributions
Apr-25/ Apr-24
Pulse Moong 1 Kg 0.5 396.4 311.7 27.2 0.1
Pulse Mash 1 Kg 0.3 463.6 541.1 -14.3 0.0
Pulse Gram 1 Kg 0.5 309.2 257.8 19.9 0.1
Potatoes 1 Kg 2.1 63.6 72.2 -11.9 -0.3
Onions 1 Kg 1.7 56.5 192.3 -70.6 -1.2
Tomatoes 1 Kg 1.4 64.9 103.9 -37.5 -0.5
Sugar Refined 1 Kg 3.2 168.6 143.3 17.7 0.6
Chilies Powder Packet 200 gm 0.8 320.0 393.5 -18.7 -0.2
Garlic 1 Kg 0.6 463.0 595.8 -22.3 -0.1
Tea Lipton Packet 190 gm 2.4 452.2 544.7 -17.0 -0.4
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

7.4 Trend of Global Prices sugar, crude oil, wheat, rice, and tea, recorded
In the global market, Palm oil, soybean oil, Urea declines of 11.1 percent, 24.9 percent, 8.3
and DAP showed increases of 6.2 percent, 16.4 percent, 31.3 percent and 4.0 percent,
percent, 20.9 percent and 16.5 percent, respectively, compared to April 2024. Table 7.8
respectively, in April 2025 compared to the depicts the international prices of primary
corresponding month last year. Meanwhile, commodities.

Table 7.8: International Prices of Major Commodities

Months Sugar Palm Oil Soybean Crude oil Wheat Rice Tea DAP Urea
(US$/Mt) (US$/Mt) oil (US$/Mt) (US$/Brl) (US$/Mt) (US$/Mt) (US$/Mt) (US$/Mt) (US$/Mt)

Apr-24 450.0 936.0 959.0 90.1 272.3 578.0 3030.0 545.0 320.0
May-24 420.0 859.0 988.0 82.0 289.4 606.5 3200.0 522.0 284.8
Jun-24 430.0 874.0 1011.0 82.6 265.6 613.3 3220.0 543.0 336.3
Jul-24 430.0 896.0 1079.0 85.3 260.3 570.9 3300.0 539.4 342.5
Aug-24 410.0 933.0 1031.0 80.9 250.9 566.7 3220.0 546.0 342.5
Sep-24 450.0 983.0 1044.0 74.3 269.7 564.3 3270.0 554.8 337.5
Oct-24 460.0 1077.0 1095.0 75.7 272.9 504.8 3150.0 573.4 374.8
Nov-24 450.0 1169.0 1145.0 74.4 253.8 489.6 3090.0 574.5 352.3
Dec-24 440.0 1190.0 1064.0 73.8 252.2 501.9 2960.0 568.3 352.0
Jan-25 400.0 1070.0 1048.0 79.2 254.1 464.2 2780.0 582.7 380.5
Feb-25 420.0 1067.0 1069.0 75.2 264.6 419.1 2690.0 603.8 436.5
Mar-25 420.0 1068.0 1011.0 72.6 255.4 404.1 2690.0 615.1 394.5
Apr-25 400.0 994.0 1116.0 67.7 249.6 396.9 2910.0 635.0 386.9
Percent Change
Apr 25/ -11.1 6.2 16.4 -24.9 -8.3 -31.3 -4.0 16.5 20.9
Apr 24
Apr 25/ -4.8 -6.9 10.4 -6.7 -2.3 -1.8 8.2 3.2 -1.9
Mar 25
Source: Commodities Price Pink Sheet, WB

7.5 FAO Food Price Index increase from March. This rise was driven by
higher prices in cereals, dairy, and meat, which
In April 2025, the FAO Food Price Index
outweighed declines in sugar and vegetable oils.
averaged 128.3 points, marking a 1.0 percent

124
 Inflation

Although the index was 7.6 percent higher than the peak seen in March 2022.
a year ago, it remained nearly 20 percent below

Fig-7.6: FAO Food Commodity Prices

Source: FAO

Cereal prices rose by 1.2 percent compared to than a year ago, largely due to reduced
March, reflecting increases across all major availability from the Black Sea region.
grains. Wheat prices edged up slightly due to
tighter export supplies from Russia, steady Meat prices rose 3.2 percent, with increases
exports from key suppliers, and a weaker U.S. across all types. Beef prices firmed due to
dollar. Maize prices also climbed up, supported limited global supply and solid demand,
by low seasonal stocks in the U.S. and recent especially from markets like Brazil and
trade policy changes, including tariff Australia. Lamb prices also surged amid strong
adjustments that favoured key importers like interest from major importers, while poultry
Mexico. Barley and sorghum followed similar prices climbed moderately as strong demand and
upward trends. Rice prices rose modestly as holiday-related processing slowdowns tightened
demand strengthened, especially for fragrant supply, particularly in Brazil.
varieties, while harvest supplies in Viet Nam
began to dwindle. Dairy prices went up by 2.4 percent, led by
butter, which hit a record high. Finally, sugar
Vegetable oil prices, in contrast, fell by 2.3 prices dropped 3.5 percent in April, continuing
percent in April compared to March. The decline their downward trend. The decline was
was mainly due to lower palm oil prices, as influenced by concerns over a weakening global
Southeast Asian producers entered a season of economy, which could reduce demand from the
higher output. Meanwhile, soy and rapeseed oil food and beverage sectors. Stronger-than-
prices went up, driven by strong global demand expected sugar production in Brazil, along with
and tightening supplies. Sunflower oil prices a weaker Brazilian currency and lower oil prices,
held steady but remained significantly higher also contributed to the fall.

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Pakistan Economic Survey 2024-25

Box-1: Regional Inflation Trends

Inflation dynamics across South Asia and the broader region presented a mixed picture over the past year,
reflecting a combination of domestic policies, global supply chain shifts, and geopolitical pressures. A
snapshot of inflationary trends in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Iran reveals diverse challenges
and recovery paths. Pakistan experienced a sharp decline in inflationary trend, with inflation falling from a
peak of 20.7 percent in March 2024 to just 0.3 percent by April 2025. This remarkable slowdown reflects a
combination of tight monetary policy, improved food supply conditions, and a high base effect. While easing
inflation is a welcome relief for households and businesses. India maintained moderate and stable inflation,
hovering between 3.3 percent and 6.2 percent throughout the year. The central bank’s inflation-targeting
regime appears to have anchored expectations effectively. Mild fluctuations were largely driven by seasonal
food prices and global oil price movements. India's inflation stability stood out in the region and supported
its continued economic resilience.
Bangladesh continued to face persistent inflation, with rates staying in the 9.0 percent to 11.7 percent range.
Structural pressures, including currency depreciation, elevated import costs, and energy price adjustments,
contributed to the sticky inflation. Despite policy efforts, inflation remained a concern for vulnerable groups,
particularly in urban and lower-income households. Sri Lanka exhibited a rare deflationary trend, especially
from September 2024 to April 2025, with inflation dipping to -2.0 percent in April 2025. This reflects the
deep impact of ongoing fiscal consolidation and demand suppression following the country’s recent economic
crisis. Iran continued to grapple with elevated inflation, with rates consistently above 30 percent, peaking at
37.1 percent in March 2025. Sanctions, currency depreciation, and structural bottlenecks in supply chains
contributed to these persistently high levels. Inflation remains a serious challenge for the Iranian economy,
undermining purchasing power and creating uncertainty for long-term investment.
Pakistan India Bangladesh Sri Lanka Iran
Mar-24 20.7 4.9 9.8 0.9 32.3
Apr-24 17.3 4.8 9.7 1.5 30.9
May-24 11.8 4.8 9.9 0.9 31.0
Jun-24 12.6 5.1 9.7 1.7 31.9
Jul-24 11.1 3.6 11.7 2.4 32.2
Aug-24 9.6 3.7 10.5 0.5 31.6
Sep-24 6.9 5.5 9.9 -0.5 31.2
Oct-24 7.2 6.2 10.9 -0.8 34.5
Nov-24 4.9 5.5 11.4 -2.1 32.5
Dec-24 4.1 5.2 10.9 -1.7 31.4
Jan-25 2.4 4.3 9.9 -4.0 31.8
Feb-25 1.5 3.6 9.3 -4.2 35.3
Mar-25 0.7 3.3 9.4 -2.6 37.1
Apr-25 0.3 3.2 9.2 -2.0
Source: Trading Economics, PBS

7.6 Price Control Measures by the Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT)

Government/Provinces/ICT
The district administration plays a pertinent role
The government coordinates different bodies to in ensuring price stability through the
ensure price stability and the smooth supply of mechanism of structured price determination
essential items. The ECC and NPMC regularly and enforcement measures. The ICT
monitor prices in collaboration with provincial administration has implemented comprehensive
and Federal bodies, while the CCP is actively measures to ensure price stability and market
curbing cartelization and profiteering. transparency. Assistant Commissioners and
Additionally, the Ministry of National Food Magistrates actively monitor daily auction
Security and Research, in coordination with proceedings to maintain transparency and
provinces and stakeholders, is working to regulate price fluctuations. Additionally, the
improve the supply chain of essential food items price determination process follows market

126
 Inflation

committee auction proceedings and periodic these stalls to ensure adherence to quality
reviews of essential commodities, contributing and pricing standards. Additionally, five
to overall market stability. Ramzan Bazaars were set up at weekly
market locations to supply essential
Therefore, in view of the above, ICT commodities at notified rates under strict
administration has adopted/implemented the regulatory oversight.
following measures for ensuring price stability:
 Relief measures also included setting up
 Assistant Commissioners and Magistrates subsidized sugar stalls in collaboration with
conduct routine inspections across various the Industries Division, offering sugar at Rs
markets and retail outlets to ensure 130/kg compared to the prevailing market
compliance with notified prices and address rate of Rs 165-170/kg. Special discounted
consumer grievances through the DC stalls for ghee, eggs, and poultry were
Office's 24/7 Control Room and digital established through direct engagement with
complaint platforms. leading brands, ensuring affordability for
consumers without any financial burden on
 Assistant Commissioners and Magistrates the public exchequer.
monitor daily auction proceedings to
maintain transparency and price stability.  Additionally, the Committee has stalled
discounted chicken stalls operational at two
 The price-setting mechanism includes major Ramzan Bazaars from March 8, 2025,
market committee auction proceedings and further strengthening the administration's
periodic reviews of price regulations, commitment to market stabilization and
ensuring regular assessment of essential
consumer relief.
commodity prices to maintain market
stability. Punjab
 During the month of Ramzan, intensified The Government of Punjab has implemented
monitoring efforts led to 2,812 inspections, several measures to combat inflationary
resulting in 229 arrests and fines amounting pressure:
to Rs 325,000. Similarly, in the 15 days
preceding Ramzan, 6,421 inspections were  District Price Control Committee (DPCC):
conducted, leading to 376 arrests and Rs Conducts regular meetings to assess and fix
343,500 in fines. These enforcement actions prices of essential commodities.
have served as a deterrent against price  Monthly Market Analysis Report: "Food in
manipulation and contribute to the Focus" prepared for comprehensive analysis
availability of quality products at regulated of supply and price situation.
rates and ensuring price stability.
 The Punjab Government has tasked the
 The Food Department, in collaboration with Urban Unit for Third Party Validation
the DC Office, held pre-Ramzan meetings (TPV) of spot prices in the open market.
with wholesalers and suppliers to address
supply chain challenges and prevent market  Special Branch of Police regularly submits
distortions. These proactive efforts ensured reports on spot prices as well as hoarding of
the availability of essential commodities, essential commodities, and these reports are
including sugar and wheat, aligned with utilized in progress review meetings at the
consumption patterns during Ramzan, Provincial and District levels.
yielding positive outcomes.  There is indeed issue of over-charging by
 20 Ramzan Fair Price Stalls were retailers. In order to curb this practice,
established in high-footfall areas to provide around 2100 price magistrates are working
fruits and vegetables at regulated prices in the province. They have been given
without any subsidy burden on public special instructions to curb over-charging
finances. Magistrates closely monitored with iron hand.

127
Pakistan Economic Survey 2024-25

Monitoring of Prices Banana, Apple, Dates, Lemon, Guava, Garlic,

Melon, Atta, sugar, and Chicken & Eggs) were
 Qeemat app and portals are being used for
available for the general public at less than the
online reporting of prices & magisterial
wholesale rates. These commodities remained
action.
available at concessional rates till the 29th of
 Public complaints are lodged through Ramzan.
Qeemat app, which are referred to concerned
SPMs who take action and report via the Sindh
same application. The Govt of Sindh is proactively initiating
 E-pay system is being utilized for deposit of efforts to control the price hike and to ensure
fines imposed by Magistrates. implementation of the notified prices under the
relevant Price Control Act. The constant
District Level Measures crackdown by the Special Magistrate (Price
 District Price Control Committees have been Control) and Assistant Directors BSP, Sindh,
activated. against illegal profiteers is being carried out in
different markets to curb price hikes through the
 DCs and EADAs of Price Control & Sindh Performance Management System
Commodities Management Department are (SPMS). In addition, various measures/steps
regularly meeting with Wholesalers / with respect to curb hoarding black marketing,
Aarhtis to maintain supplies. initially pre-emptive measures were initiated by
 Auction Committees have been constituted the Bureau of Supply and Prices, prior to
at Tehsil level (ADCR/AC + Market Ramzan, by issuing advisory to Divisional
Committee officials) to monitor & regulate Commissioner(s) for measures specially for the
price fixation at F&V Markets. Holy Month of Ramzan for Fiscal year of 2024-
2025, some of measures are listed below:
 Training was arranged for all Special Price
Magistrates at district level.  To hold a meeting with relevant
Public Assistance Programs stakeholders and government functionary
for rationalizing their prices and ensuring
Nigehban Ramadan Package: A Rs 30 billion availability of all essential commodities.
package was launched to provide financial aid to
poor families during Ramzan through the  To fix and publish prices of fruits/vegetables
distribution of Pay Orders. Details are as (daily) and other essential commodities
follows: (fortnightly), to ensure distribution and
display at shops.
 Pay orders amounting to Rs 10,000/- were
 Regular monitoring the auction process at
distributed to deserving families, identified
Fruit/Vegetable Mandi by ACs and
through a survey by PSER.
Mukhtiarkar with the deputy staff of the
 3 million beneficiaries were identified. Bureau of Supply and Prices.
 Distribution of POs started from 25th  Establish Complaint Centers along with
February with their validity till 15.04.2025. support of BSP on district levels jurisdiction
in Sindh.
 To further ensure transparency, Urban Unit
conducted Third Party Validation (TPV) of  To make available the required quantity of
the distribution of pay orders on a sample wheat and commodities by food dept. The
basis. food departments have also been requested
to setup stalls of Wheat Flour at subsidized
Sahulat Bazars: 78 bazars were established
prices in Bachat bazaars being organized
with zero cost to provide 16 essential
under the auspices of the Bureau of Supply
commodities at wholesale/concessional rates. At
and Prices.
all Sahulat Bazar, 16 selected items (Potato,
Onion, Tomato, Kaddu, Dal Channa, Besan,  To take stern action against adulteration,

128
 Inflation

especially of milk and dairy items, given the Balochistan

demand in Ramzan by the Sindh Food
 The Provincial Government directed all the
Authority.
Deputy Commissioners to review and notify
 Follow-up of letters is taken from time to the District price fixation committees.
time, and coordination is maintained with
 All the Price Fixation Committees were
different Govt. institutions and stakeholders
directed to devise a Single Price Fixation
from Karachi, H.Q., and district offices.
Formula. The price of all the commodities
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa will be notified after a detailed assessment
of the commodities, keeping in view all the
 The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Consumer
relevant factors.
Protection Act, 1997 promotes healthy
growth of fair commercial practices and  All the Deputy Commissioners are directed
protects legitimate consumers' rights, checks to take strict action against hoarding.
on Unfair Trade Practices, and speedy
 A provincial-level price monitoring
redressal of consumers' complaints.
committee has been formulated to monitor
 The above stated law is being implemented and report the price variations throughout
in the province through field formations and Balochistan.
Consumer Courts, and the Consumer
 In the month of Ramadan, 2025, District
protection activities are uploaded on the
Administration has taken action as under:
MIS Portal on a daily basis.
a. Inspection: 8,822
 Achievements for the year 2024-25
(01.07.2024 to 31.03.2025) under the b. Fines: Approx Rs 2,258,150
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Consumer Protection c. Arrests: 657
Act, 1997 (Amended 2017) are as under: d. Number of Confiscation: 52

Total Receipt Target for the Rs 28,000,000 Concluding Remarks

Financial Year 2024-25 Inflation is projected to remain within the range
Total Achieved Target (July Rs 26,737,800 of 4.5-5.0 percent during FY 2025, supported by
2024 to March 2025)
a sharp decline in the prices of perishable food
Assistant Directors
items and adequate stocks of key non-perishable
Total Inspections Carried out 55,041
commodities. Energy prices have also stayed
Total Violators 6,250
Total Referred Cases to 533 contained, benefiting from lower global oil
Consumer Courts prices, a stable exchange rate, and a favorable
Fine Imposed (In Rs) 20,631,800 base effect. Over the medium term, inflation is
Consumer Protection Courts expected to gradually return to normal levels
Total Cases Filed 16,657 during FY 2026 and FY 2027, driven by
Cases Disposal 5,075 anticipated improvements in the agriculture
Cases Balance 11,582 sector and more favorable global and domestic
Fine Imposed (In Rs) 6,106,000 economic conditions.

129
TABLE 7.1 (A)

PRICE INDICES
A. COMBINED CONSUMER PRICE INDEX BY GROUPS\
Groups/ (Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
Fiscal General Food & Beverages Clothing Housing, Household Health Transport Commu- Recreation Education Restaurant Miscellan-

Year Non & & Water, Equipment & nication & & eous

Alcholic Tobaco Foot Elec.Gas Repair Culture Hotels

Beverages wear & Fuel Maintenance

2010-11 146.45 164.10 151.64 133.35 135.27 135.59 123.79 149.01 122.47 134.62 128.17 164.04 152.45
2011-12 162.57 182.20 165.01 153.45 146.17 160.28 137.97 171.39 122.94 145.35 143.83 185.82 181.47
2012-13 174.53 195.18 191.02 175.58 151.34 179.87 156.56 186.43 126.16 169.07 156.69 203.63 199.49
2013-14 189.58 212.74 223.38 198.01 164.60 195.85 167.15 195.15 129.76 183.77 172.57 228.61 210.15
2014-15 198.16 220.20 269.93 213.82 174.93 208.68 176.19 187.22 130.09 190.29 196.40 244.58 221.13
2015-16 203.82 219.42 329.25 224.18 183.90 217.38 182.69 174.25 130.56 194.21 213.02 256.79 228.22
2016-17 212.29 226.59 368.88 233.36 192.91 223.90 201.82 172.93 131.79 196.31 235.72 256.79 240.23
2017-18 220.62 232.95 310.09 244.45 202.50 233.06 218.13 182.18 133.26 200.24 264.79 285.88 254.99
2018-19 236.81 242.62 345.33 260.88 221.07 251.44 235.29 211.50 141.29 215.90 289.97 302.04 276.48
Base Year 2015-16=100
General Food & Alcoholic Clothing Housing, Furnishing Health Transport Commu- Recreation Education Restau- Misc.

Non- Beverages and Water, Elec., and Household nication & ants and goods and

Alcoholic Tobaco Footwear Gas and Equipment Culture hotels services

Beverages other fuels Maintenance

2016-17 104.81 104.27 110.76 105.29 105.98 102.34 107.97 99.26 100.03 102.26 110.83 106.04 104.39
2017-18 109.72 107.49 100.83 110.94 111.23 106.00 114.98 108.04 100.65 104.91 123.88 113.14 109.93
2018-19 117.18 112.24 112.26 118.13 120.08 114.00 122.92 125.31 103.28 111.53 134.72 119.11 118.85
2019-20 129.76 129.59 135.80 129.56 128.33 125.70 136.81 138.71 106.84 118.70 141.90 127.76 132.96
2020-21 141.31 146.74 143.36 142.61 136.35 136.23 148.36 140.28 107.62 123.99 143.71 138.66 148.35
2021-22 158.48 166.46 149.57 157.47 151.01 153.40 162.29 174.06 110.23 134.71 150.58 156.09 164.07
2022-23 204.73 231.34 248.83 187.06 172.14 202.70 189.60 259.72 114.00 191.59 165.17 207.01 212.44
2023-24 252.66 279.39 364.62 223.40 222.70 259.25 230.67 310.19 127.17 256.80 186.64 259.45 270.83
July-April
2023-24 252.11 282.43 363.13 219.96 219.56 257.53 228.23 309.90 125.72 255.04 184.11 257.96 268.23
2024-25 264.03 278.66 386.96 251.64 238.26 273.00 261.30 306.51 134.84 275.53 205.45 279.22 302.65
(Contd.)
Note: On the adoption of each new base year the data for the common periods may not be matched

79
TABLE 7.1 (B)
PRICE INDICES (HEADLINE & CORE INFLATION)
Indices Headline & Core Inflation

Year General Food Non-Food Core General Food Non-Food Core

(Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)

2010-11 146.45 164.10 135.87 131.03 13.66 18.02 10.71 9.38
2011-12 162.57 182.20 150.81 144.78 11.01 11.03 11.00 10.49
2012-13 174.53 195.18 162.16 158.62 7.36 7.12 7.53 9.56
2013-14 189.58 212.74 175.69 171.82 8.62 9.00 8.35 8.32
2014-15 198.16 220.20 184.95 183.08 4.53 3.50 5.27 6.55
2015-16 203.82 224.78 191.25 190.71 2.86 2.08 3.41 4.17
2016-17 212.29 233.37 199.65 200.61 4.16 3.82 4.39 5.19
2017-18 220.62 237.59 210.45 212.34 3.92 1.81 5.41 5.85
2018-19 236.81 248.44 229.84 229.21 7.34 4.57 9.21 7.94

CPI Indices (Base Year : 2015-16 = 100)

National Urban Rural
CPI Food Non-food Core Food Non-food Core
2016-17 104.81 104.32 105.13 106.10 105.11 104.48 105.60
2017-18 109.72 108.33 111.25 112.27 107.57 110.29 111.05
2018-19 117.18 113.35 120.70 120.34 112.68 118.74 118.55
2019-20 129.76 128.74 130.72 129.38 130.62 128.41 128.83
2020-21 141.31 144.74 138.17 137.13 147.74 137.89 138.62
2021-22 158.48 164.20 153.11 148.29 167.00 154.84 151.13
2022-23 204.73 226.00 183.90 172.30 235.71 193.29 182.22
2023-24 252.66 276.05 230.86 199.97 286.61 238.24 223.62
July-April
2023-24 252.11 278.11 228.00 198.27 289.55 236.15 221.15
2024-25 264.03 281.04 248.67 215.68 285.16 255.72 246.78
CPI (%) (Base Year : 2015-16 = 100)
National Urban Rural
CPI Food Non-food Core Food Non-food Core
2016-17 4.81 4.32 5.13 6.10 5.11 4.48 5.60
2017-18 4.68 3.84 5.82 5.82 2.34 5.56 5.16
2018-19 6.80 4.63 8.49 7.19 4.75 7.66 6.75
2019-20 10.74 13.58 8.30 7.51 15.92 8.14 8.67
2020-21 8.90 12.43 5.70 5.99 13.11 7.38 7.60
2021-22 12.15 13.44 10.83 8.14 13.04 12.29 9.02
2022-23 29.18 37.64 20.11 16.19 41.14 24.83 20.57
2023-24 23.41 22.15 25.54 16.06 21.59 23.26 22.72
July-April
2023-24 25.97 26.81 25.88 16.90 26.55 24.53 24.01
2024-25 4.73 1.05 9.07 8.78 -1.52 8.29 11.59
(Contd.)
Note: (i) Core Inflation is defined as overall inflation adjusted for food and energy.
(ii) On the adoption of each new base year the data for the common periods may not be matched

80
TABLE 7.1 (C)
PRICES INDICES

B. Wholesale Price Index by Groups

Groups/ (Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
Fiscal Year General Agriculture Ores & Food Product, Other Metal Sensitive GDP
Forestry & Minerals, Beverages & Transport Products Price Deflator
Fishery Materials Tobacco, -able Machinery & Indicator
Product electricity Textiles Appreal Goods Equipment
gas & water Leather Products
2010-11 164.17 183.20 159.13 166.49 155.77 128.10 159.48 193.50
2011-12 181.28 185.03 182.74 176.07 194.64 152.55 170.77 204.45
2012-13 194.61 198.23 211.17 188.39 203.93 159.29 184.04 219.00
2013-14 210.48 219.00 240.37 200.70 214.59 168.31 201.15 235.18
2014-15 209.85 220.56 245.47 206.76 197.12 172.72 205.18 245.40
2015-16 207.65 226.43 245.91 213.58 171.21 171.46 207.35 246.87
Base Year 2015-16=100
General Agriculture Ores/ Food, Food Textiles Leather Other Metal Sensitive GDP
Forestry & Minerals, Beverages Products Apparels Products Transport Product Price Deflator
Fishery Elec., gas Tobacco, Beverages -able Machinery Indicator
& water Textiles, & Tobacco Goods &
Leather Equipment
2016-17 104.45 108.15 99.32 105.63 103.82 109.42 101.83 101.69 103.22 107.62 103.95
2017-18 109.97 113.34 100.88 107.08 104.00 115.64 101.40 115.52 106.06 110.28 107.84
2018-19 127.55 124.35 127.07 119.30 112.45 133.41 107.72 147.71 115.26 115.92 117.74
2019-20 140.63 137.80 163.40 131.68 126.74 141.64 113.65 147.95 131.83 131.85 129.38
2020-21 153.87 155.69 167.57 149.24 146.95 155.76 119.27 151.61 150.09 150.09 142.84
2021-22 192.20 194.98 183.52 177.03 171.86 190.49 127.27 218.97 181.34 175.75 162.98
2022-23 255.25 246.83 226.33 224.18 229.70 217.72 162.21 308.16 294.90 233.74 205.27
2023-24 306.72 280.48 338.00 261.23 275.96 237.90 184.43 356.76 374.91 298.07 250.64
July-April
2023-24 306.40 280.82 331.86 261.39 276.99 236.41 183.93 358.59 373.52 297.07 250.64
2024-25 313.09 283.07 362.64 276.19 291.43 253.01 182.90 342.88 388.69 311.59 260.56
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
Note: On the adoption of each new base year the data for the common periods may not be matched

81
TABLE 7.2

MONTHLY PERCENTAGE CHANGES IN CPI, WPI AND SPI

Months 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25

Base Year 2007-08=100 Base Year 2015-16=100

Jul -0.25 2.02 1.70 0.43 1.34 0.34 0.94 - 0.57 1.51 1.83 2.50 1.33 4.35 3.46 2.10
Aug 0.90 1.16 0.33 0.24 -0.30 0.19 0.21 -0.36 0.15 -0.31 1.64 0.63 0.58 2.45 1.72 0.39
A. CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (C.P.I)

Sep 0.79 -0.29 0.35 -0.10 0.20 0.63 -0.06 0.42 0.69 -0.03 0.77 1.54 2.12 -1.15 2.00 -0.52
Oct 0.38 1.97 0.21 0.49 0.81 0.75 2.33 0.93 1.09 2.12 1.82 1.70 1.90 4.71 1.01 1.23
Nov -0.39 1.27 -0.51 0.59 0.21 0.37 0.11 0.47 0.66 -0.12 1.34 0.82 2.98 0.76 2.70 0.49
Dec 0.23 -1.32 -1.01 -0.57 -0.68 -0.10 -0.41 -0.58 -0.03 -0.30 -0.34 -0.68 -0.02 0.49 0.82 0.06
Jan 1.67 0.49 0.08 0.21 0.18 0.03 1.00 0.43 0.08 0.25 1.97 -0.21 0.39 2.88 1.83 0.20
Feb -0.34 -0.32 -0.92 -0.25 0.28 -0.31 0.64 0.48 -0.26 0.87 -1.04 1.80 1.15 4.32 0.03 -0.83
Mar 0.41 0.96 0.23 0.15 0.84 0.31 1.42 1.05 0.22 2.00 0.04 0.36 0.79 3.72 1.71 0.89
Apr 1.09 1.70 1.32 1.55 1.40 1.82 1.26 0.72 1.08 0.73 -0.84 1.03 1.61 2.41 -0.43 -0.84
May 0.51 -0.26 0.76 -0.21 0.01 0.51 0.78 -0.52 0.46 0.60 0.32 0.10 0.44 1.58 -3.24
Jun 0.72 0.61 0.62 0.64 -0.41 0.56 0.36 0.17 0.83 0.48 0.82 -0.24 6.34 -0.26 0.46
Base Year 2015-16=100
Jul - - - - - - - - 0.59 1.41 1.98 2.15 1.29 4.46 3.57 2.03
URBAN CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (U.C.P.I)

Aug - - - - - - - -0.46 0.20 -0.31 1.46 0.81 0.48 2.62 1.60 0.27
Sep - - - - - - - 0.32 0.42 -0.08 0.75 1.26 2.01 -2.06 1.67 -0.53
Oct - - - - - - - 0.79 0.89 2.23 1.59 1.27 1.67 4.50 1.07 1.05
Nov - - - - - - - 0.47 0.63 -0.09 1.00 0.64 2.86 0.38 4.34 0.49
Dec - - - - - - - -0.59 0.05 -0.32 -0.37 -0.35 0.32 0.35 0.73 -0.10
Jan - - - - - - - 0.82 0.18 0.43 1.68 -0.16 0.06 2.36 1.81 0.19
Feb - - - - - - - 0.51 -0.15 0.86 -1.09 2.27 0.93 4.54 0.24 -0.65
Mar - - - - - - - 1.01 0.28 1.87 0.13 0.27 0.65 3.90 1.43 0.78
Apr - - - - - - - 0.96 1.37 0.83 -0.68 1.34 1.60 2.00 -0.09 -0.70
May - - - - - - - -0.32 0.53 0.68 0.30 0.19 0.31 1.50 -2.80
Jun - - - - - - - 0.21 0.72 0.34 0.69 -0.37 6.19 0.10 0.58
Base Year 2015-16=100
Jul - - - - - - - - 0.54 1.67 1.60 3.02 1.40 4.17 3.30 2.20
Aug - - - - - - - -0.21 0.07 -0.30 1.91 0.35 0.72 2.19 1.88 0.55
Sep - - - - - - - 0.57 1.10 0.04 0.79 1.95 2.29 0.18 2.46 -0.50
RURAL PRICE INDEX (R.P.I)

Oct - - - - - - - 1.15 1.40 1.96 2.17 2.35 2.25 5.01 0.92 1.49
Nov - - - - - - - 0.48 0.72 -0.17 1.86 1.09 3.15 1.30 0.40 0.48
Dec - - - - - - - -0.56 -0.14 -0.29 -0.30 -1.17 -0.51 0.70 0.96 0.29
Jan - - - - - - - -0.14 -0.07 -0.02 2.41 -0.29 0.89 3.62 1.87 0.22
Feb - - - - - - - 0.45 -0.45 0.87 -0.97 1.12 1.48 4.01 -0.25 -1.10
Mar - - - - - - - 1.12 0.13 2.19 -0.10 0.51 1.00 3.48 2.13 1.05
Apr - - - - - - - 0.36 0.64 0.58 -1.08 0.57 1.63 2.97 -0.93 -1.05
May - - - - - - - -0.82 0.35 0.47 0.34 -0.03 0.65 1.69 -3.89
Jun - - - - - - - 0.12 1.01 0.70 1.02 -0.06 6.57 -0.76 0.27
Base Year 2007-08=100 Base Year 2015-16=100
Jul 0.36 1.65 0.54 -0.38 2.34 -0.24 2.41 - -0.70 3.69 3.05 5.41 2.28 1.99 2.51 2.28
Aug 1.02 2.65 -0.48 -0.49 -0.03 0.33 0.79 0.06 0.19 0.55 1.25 1.27 1.17 3.14 4.16 0.30
B. WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX (W.P.I.)

Sep 0.35 0.71 0.15 -0.46 -0.53 0.06 -1.52 -0.40 0.28 -1.51 0.07 1.05 3.17 1.43 3.15 -1.05
Oct 0.11 1.13 -0.31 0.53 -0.04 0.61 4.17 -0.09 0.88 4.40 2.03 2.88 4.24 -0.47 -1.87 0.00
Nov -0.37 0.25 -0.99 0.01 -0.21 0.36 0.70 0.54 1.05 1.04 -0.82 -0.94 3.79 -0.02 1.44 -0.12
Dec 0.43 -0.99 -1.89 -0.65 -0.14 0.36 -0.88 0.20 0.49 -1.34 -0.30 0.34 -0.24 -0.71 -0.02 -0.37
Jan 1.25 0.53 -1.03 -0.53 0.51 1.81 -0.21 0.83 2.60 -0.82 1.83 2.50 0.65 1.77 1.47 0.18
Feb 0.34 -0.14 -1.09 -0.59 0.47 -0.15 0.90 0.81 0.41 1.62 -0.80 2.20 1.91 8.19 1.12 -0.18
Mar 0.26 0.34 0.01 -0.40 0.66 0.25 1.70 0.42 -0.08 2.23 -0.88 3.72 3.86 4.67 1.25 0.29
Apr 0.77 0.10 0.86 1.30 0.89 1.27 2.33 0.43 1.28 1.76 -2.04 -0.36 3.16 0.09 -0.70 -1.29
May -0.43 -0.08 1.10 0.55 -0.20 1.28 1.43 -0.15 2.02 1.47 -2.08 0.30 1.44 0.96 -2.55
Jun 1.00 1.37 1.18 1.38 -0.46 1.48 0.33 -0.08 2.46 0.25 -0.32 0.91 8.18 -0.25 0.37
Base Year 2007-08=100 Base Year 2015-16=100
Jul 0.51 2.27 1.95 0.34 1.32 -0.45 1.17 - 0.00 1.39 1.03 3.03 1.80 7.27 2.81 2.03
Aug 1.29 1.54 0.83 -0.19 0.23 0.54 0.22 -0.25 1.06 -0.20 2.72 0.92 0.70 5.25 4.12 -0.29
C. SENSITIVE PRICE INDEX (S.P.I.)

Sep 1.25 0.06 0.24 0.46 0.11 2.13 -0.06 0.21 2.06 -0.42 1.87 2.09 2.72 -1.42 1.72 0.22
Oct -0.45 1.17 -0.03 1.18 0.67 0.86 1.15 0.49 0.94 2.27 2.66 3.36 2.15 -1.47 0.15 0.60
Nov 0.03 3.22 -1.13 1.00 0.33 0.34 0.26 0.68 0.20 -0.69 3.71 1.10 3.58 6.11 3.30 1.04
Dec 0.05 -2.54 -1.52 -0.71 -0.78 -0.67 0.02 -1.25 -0.88 -0.25 -1.97 -2.71 -0.43 0.15 3.75 0.77
Jan 1.92 -2.54 -0.87 -0.67 -0.80 -1.04 0.61 -1.00 -1.52 0.36 0.45 -0.82 -0.79 1.35 2.02 -1.45
Feb 0.07 -0.09 -0.99 -0.52 0.21 -1.21 1.48 0.42 -1.16 2.45 -0.79 3.14 1.27 3.66 -0.79 -1.62
Mar 0.78 2.15 0.00 -0.15 1.79 -0.60 1.56 2.75 -0.91 2.13 -0.31 5.70 0.64 5.77 2.11 -0.07
Apr -0.29 0.07 0.39 -0.12 -0.91 0.45 0.89 -0.69 0.86 0.48 -1.77 0.41 1.48 2.70 -0.75 -1.66
May 0.07 -1.51 1.31 -0.96 -0.89 -0.15 1.24 -0.38 0.71 0.58 2.15 0.79 0.64 1.25 -4.00
Jun 2.45 1.11 0.99 1.12 0.14 1.78 1.57 0.00 1.45 0.90 1.37 -0.44 6.19 0.20 1.33
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
Note: On the adoption of each new base year the data for the common periods may not be matched

82
TABLE 7.3 (A)

PRICE INDICES BY CONSUMER INCOME GROUPS

Income Group/ Spliced with Base Year 2007-08 = 100

Fiscal Year All Income Upto Rs 8001 to Rs 12000 to Rs 18001 to Above
Groups Rs 8000 12000 18000 35000 Rs 35,000
2010-11 146.45 149.04 148.56 147.59 148.91 145.34
2011-12 162.57 164.00 164.37 163.06 165.01 162.09
2012-13 174.53 176.93 178.55 176.83 176.28 172.48
2013-14 189.58 192.57 193.69 193.00 192.26 186.72
2014-15 198.16 199.60 201.15 201.33 200.80 195.76
2015-16 203.82 204.45 206.72 206.14 206.80 201.65
2016-17 212.29 212.28 214.84 214.22 215.25 210.42
2017-18 220.62 218.23 221.44 221.15 222.70 220.09
2018-19 236.81 230.11 234.06 234.21 238.88 239.16
Base Year 2015-16 = 100
Consumption
Urban
Group/ Fiscal
Year (Upto Rs. (Rs. 17,733 to (Rs. 22,889 to (Rs. 29,518 to (Above Rs.
Combined
17,732) 22,888) 29,517) 44,175) 44,175)
2016-17 104.83 104.21 104.38 104.49 104.60 105.05
2017-18 110.18 108.00 108.52 108.90 109.39 110.98
2018-19 117.99 113.92 115.00 115.57 116.31 119.90
2019-20 129.99 126.97 127.47 129.29 129.29 131.60
2020-21 140.58 140.81 140.22 141.34 140.74 141.11
2021-22 157.19 158.59 157.37 158.38 157.59 157.35
2022-23 199.39 206.27 203.34 204.11 202.21 198.45
2023-24 247.49 257.21 254.67 260.34 255.96 242.91
July-April
2023-24 246.44 257.70 254.41 259.43 255.02 240.42
2024-25 260.58 263.65 263.48 272.82 268.60 257.32
Rural
(Upto Rs. (Rs. 17,733 to (Rs. 22,889 to (Rs. 29,518 to (Above Rs.
Combined
17,732) 22,888) 29,517) 44,175) 44,175)
2016-17 104.77 104.54 104.66 104.69 104.84 104.95
2017-18 109.04 108.25 108.54 108.77 109.11 109.50
2018-19 115.95 114.33 114.94 115.31 115.83 118.02
2019-20 129.42 129.30 129.08 128.87 128.85 130.65
2020-21 142.42 144.61 143.31 142.26 141.40 141.82
2021-22 160.43 162.81 161.18 160.32 159.41 159.84
2022-23 212.78 218.18 214.99 213.91 211.68 208.90
2023-24 260.46 265.33 261.21 262.71 261.38 255.01
July-April
2023-24 260.68 266.64 262.02 263.16 261.42 253.03
2024-25 269.25 268.37 266.30 269.94 270.89 269.62
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
Note: On the adoption of each new base year the data for the common periods may not be matched

83
TABLE 7.3 (B)

ANNUAL CHANGES IN PRICE INDICES AND GDP DEFLATOR

Fiscal Consumer Price Index Wholesale Sensitive Price Annual

Year National Urban Rural Price Index Indicator GDP Deflator
(Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
2010-11 13.66 - - 21.25 16.57 19.52
2011-12 11.01 - - 10.42 7.08 5.66
2012-13 7.36 - - 7.35 7.77 7.12
2013-14 8.62 - - 8.15 9.30 7.39
2014-15 4.53 - - -0.30 1.75 4.34
2015-16 2.86 - - -1.05 1.31 0.60
(Base Year : 2015-16 = 100)
2016-17 4.81 4.83 4.77 4.48 7.62 3.95
2017-18 4.68 5.10 4.08 5.27 2.47 3.74
2018-19 6.80 7.09 6.34 15.99 5.11 9.18
2019-20 10.74 10.17 11.62 10.24 13.74 9.88
2020-21 8.90 8.15 10.04 9.41 13.83 10.41
2021-22 12.15 11.82 12.65 24.91 17.10 14.10
2022-23 29.18 26.85 32.63 32.80 33.00 25.95
2023-24 23.41 24.12 22.41 20.16 27.52 22.10
July-April
2023-24 25.97 26.27 25.55 22.37 30.17 22.10
2024-25 4.73 5.74 3.29 2.18 4.89 3.96
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
Note:

i) The base year period of Price Indices has been updated from 2007-08 to 2015-16
ii) The base for prices have been changed and different new groups have been included
Therefore, data may differ from the previous one

84
TABLE 7.4

AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES OF ESSENTIAL ITEMS

(Price in Rs.)
(Weight in Kg.)
Fiscal Wheat Wheat Basmati Moong Gram Beef Chicken Mutton Eggs Hen Potato Dry Tomato
Year (Av.Qlty) Flour Rice Pulse Pulse (Cow/ (Farm) (Goat) (Farm) (Av.Qlty) Onion (Av.Qlty)
(Av.Qlty) (Broken (Washed) (Av.Qlty) Buffalo (Av.Qlty) Doz. (Av.Qlty)
with bone)
(Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
2010-11 25.98 29.41 50.32 136.49 70.25 215.42 130.98 411.48 72.78 27.58 33.28 44.86
2011-12 26.74 30.26 60.36 127.90 83.32 252.41 150.07 482.04 86.95 25.33 32.24 46.46
2012-13 30.61 34.53 69.01 115.95 99.70 268.38 143.93 517.83 92.02 26.09 36.71 49.80
2013-14 37.02 40.98 74.09 137.64 74.77 283.99 161.40 559.49 97.61 42.79 41.63 58.36
2014-15 34.56 39.28 72.38 161.94 79.33 301.55 153.64 592.56 98.71 42.49 35.80 55.05
2015-16 33.92 38.57 63.00 160.30 123.53 316.37 151.95 627.94 89.84 25.75 44.29 49.14
2016-17 33.77 37.99 63.90 139.93 149.85 327.52 145.88 662.65 101.86 34.09 30.08 51.82
2017-18 33.11 37.45 72.07 118.15 118.76 348.64 158.87 733.68 103.17 33.89 48.59 59.62
2018-19 34.95 39.36 76.82 128.64 123.10 376.47 163.06 783.88 102.93 27.21 36.91 64.85
Base Year : 2015-16=100
2019-20 - 897.48 81.92 213.44 142.21 431.29 169.73 896.00 106.71 44.57 59.90 56.83
2020-21 - 1010.32 90.41 231.42 143.81 482.26 207.39 1004.05 153.10 53.41 43.01 61.38
2021-22 - 1173.32 100.93 171.96 159.66 584.71 234.56 1195.01 163.07 45.52 49.17 80.28
2022-23 - 1755.63 151.97 252.51 241.48 705.90 342.50 1471.31 251.16 62.38 118.42 83.56
2023-24 - 2575.18 222.46 292.91 251.64 847.36 395.28 1746.19 298.22 82.44 128.06 110.14
July-April
2023-24 - 2754.56 224.65 289.40 247.02 829.42 406.30 1719.37 309.08 80.73 129.38 115.81
2024-25 - 1791.93 206.11 373.23 355.95 1021.01 425.87 1952.33 288.76 89.32 111.59 112.71
- : Not available (Contd.)
Note:

i) On the adoption of each new base year the data for the common periods may not matched
ii) In the new base year 2015-16, prices are disseminated w.e.f July, 2019
* : Wheat Flour price in Base year 2015-16 = 100 is quoted of 20 Kg bag

85
TABLE 7.4 (A)

AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES OF ESSENTIAL ITEMS

(Price in Rs.)
(Weight in Kg.)
Fiscal Mustard Vegeta- Rock Red Sugar Gur Milk Tea in*
Year Oil ble Ghee Salt Chilies (Open (Sup. Fresh Packet
(Mill) (Loose) (Powder) (Av.Qlty) Market) Qlty) (Ltr.) (Sup.Qlty)
200 grams
(Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
2010-11 156.56 150.31 7.28 230.27 72.72 83.86 50.10 123.19
2011-12 178.29 166.26 8.13 299.42 60.99 78.27 58.17 135.15
2012-13 185.88 160.73 8.74 254.06 53.25 74.50 65.24 146.01
2013-14 184.48 160.57 9.37 221.33 53.82 82.83 69.86 154.58
2014-15 183.08 151.90 9.98 261.42 57.14 83.95 76.21 133.80
2015-16 179.67 138.35 10.43 274.03 62.60 89.28 78.24 172.76
2016-17 181.15 143.34 10.64 272.60 64.94 88.20 80.59 177.24
2017-18 183.83 146.22 11.10 266.58 53.70 81.49 82.75 189.44
2018-19 195.43 161.85 12.29 335.21 59.84 85.75 86.74 210.27
Base Year : 2015-16=100
2019-20 208.50 225.75 29.90 157.44 76.60 115.20 93.43 225.54
2020-21 254.12 269.95 30.01 318.56 94.21 128.82 105.17 230.17
2021-22 382.54 402.10 32.24 298.75 94.46 136.98 115.61 248.19
2022-23 545.73 559.95 45.95 217.04 98.35 144.68 151.70 400.91
2023-24 508.77 518.25 65.72 374.34 146.05 210.53 185.03 556.48
July-April
2023-24 511.79 521.23 64.90 379.80 146.56 211.30 184.41 558.86
2024-25 535.58 546.94 71.29 322.17 146.45 211.77 196.68 522.25
(Contd.)
*: Tea packet prices in bases year 2015-16=100 is quoted of 190 grams packet price.
Note: In the new base year 2015-16, prices are disseminated started w.e.f July, 2019.

86
TABLE 7.4 (B)

AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES OF ESSENTIAL ITEMS

(Rs/unit)
Fiscal Cigarettes Long Cloth Georgerette Shoes Firewood Match Washing Life-
Year (Pkt) (Mtr.) (Mtr.) Gents (Kikar/ Box (40/ Soap buoy
Concord Babul 50 Sticks) (707/555 Soap
Bata* 40 Kgs.) Each Cake) (Cake)
(Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
2010-11 27.44 148.57 72.35 499.00 354.29 1.00 15.14 25.47
2011-12 29.10 111.21 88.07 499.00 441.74 1.06 18.39 30.50
2012-13 32.34 151.14 101.61 549.00 491.55 1.10 21.00 32.29
2013-14 38.45 176.59 112.40 671.92 538.12 1.42 23.34 35.86
2014-15 45.85 200.22 122.90 699.00 566.85 1.74 24.33 36.06
2015-16 57.75 203.29 123.29 699.00 593.42 1.99 24.74 36.16
2016-17 64.85 206.13 124.12 699.00 604.81 2.14 25.74 38.06
2017-18 50.86 215.80 127.34 699.00 621.24 2.24 26.39 40.67
2018-19 57.29 268.31 154.69 699.00 566.61 2.42 36.35 46.66
Base Year 2015-16=100
2019-20 81.24 306.67 146.50 899.00 668.45 2.51 45.13 44.66
2020-21 83.42 359.53 165.77 1013.60 716.92 3.11 53.78 47.04
2021-22 85.60 396.01 182.26 1260.33 787.06 3.58 72.75 54.77
2022-23 142.89 463.91 216.38 1572.67 989.78 4.67 109.00 86.90
2023-24 222.49 568.18 261.61 2298.72 1141.76 5.93 129.09 109.79
July-April
2023-24 221.86 560.81 258.59 2260.64 1132.39 5.88 129.09 109.67
2024-25 233.69 620.03 291.02 2499.00 1264.48 6.22 130.46 107.52
(Contd.)
Note: In the new base year 2015-16, dissemination of prices started w.e.f July, 2019.

*: Prices of Gents Sandal Bata has been quoted in base year 2015-16 instead of prices of Shoes Gents Concord
Bata in previous base year.

87
TABLE 7.4 (C)

AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES OF ESSENTIAL ITEMS

(Rs/unit)
Fiscal Energy Cooked Cooked Rice Masoor Mash Garlic Cooking Vegetable
Year Saver Beef Dal Irri-6 Pulse Pulse (Kg) Oil Dalda Ghee
(14-W) (Plate) (Plate) (Kg) (Kg) (Kg) (2.5 Ltr*) (2.5 Kg)
(Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
2010-11 124.75 52.88 33.65 38.87 117.72 163.16 198.92 435.88 435.98
2011-12 139.93 60.54 37.27 45.68 102.64 145.82 107.89 502.66 501.91
2012-13 151.82 68.55 40.16 49.90 100.39 132.72 123.18 535.55 519.06
2013-14 162.69 77.84 45.46 54.05 120.49 134.21 129.71 538.73 511.77
2014-15 165.49 82.86 48.41 51.99 135.32 163.82 139.00 513.55 495.00
2015-16 166.95 87.19 52.62 47.16 146.36 238.59 200.32 457.61 448.92
2016-17 167.79 92.56 56.70 48.71 140.36 223.70 273.46 460.79 452.68
2017-18 168.98 101.49 58.83 51.53 118.44 164.91 166.10 471.26 464.46
2018-19 173.40 113.60 64.17 54.59 107.55 152.18 157.72 497.94 483.96
Base Year 2015-16=100
2019-20 185.73 133.64 68.75 62.54 141.16 211.13 280.43 1199.22 586.30
2020-21 199.66 148.96 75.60 71.09 156.48 250.28 216.42 1374.94 690.38
2021-22 211.44 170.33 84.54 75.18 201.24 262.50 289.44 2038.51 1015.00
2022-23 264.53 224.01 113.88 113.16 284.32 390.82 354.16 2967.22 1430.10
2023-24 352.01 272.13 140.93 165.12 320.39 530.09 518.54 2810.06 1345.28
July-April
2023-24 347.41 270.30 139.38 165.38 320.91 524.97 520.29 2841.93 1356.04
2024-25 380.24 295.40 160.16 160.25 305.59 518.12 587.13 2781.92 1396.57
(Contd.)
Note: In the new base year 2015-16. Prices are disseminated w.e.f July, 2019.
*: The unit of cooking oil Dalda has changed from 2.5 Ltr. to 5 Ltr. in base year 2015-16.

88
TABLE 7.4 (D)

AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES OF ESSENTIAL ITEMS

(Rs/Unit)
Fiscal Curd Tea Pre- Banana Lawn Shirting Shoes Chappal Bread Milk Pow-
Year (Kg) pared (Doz.) Hussain Hussain Lady Gents Plain der Nido
(Cup) (Mtr.) (Mtr.) Bata Spang (M.Size) (400 grams*)
(Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
2010-11 58.41 12.66 49.16 150.31 88.80 397.33 139.00 28.24 204.38
2011-12 68.19 14.25 65.10 166.26 108.37 399.00 152.08 31.23 247.85
2012-13 75.74 15.30 68.83 166.52 124.22 449.00 179.00 34.23 289.78
2013-14 81.88 16.97 70.63 198.05 144.91 499.00 179.00 39.17 310.50
2014-15 89.48 18.70 76.77 239.61 157.72 499.00 179.00 40.78 251.69
2015-16 92.10 19.36 75.70 244.90 162.32 500.61 179.02 40.82 372.70
2016-17 94.66 20.28 78.87 251.98 164.85 502.39 179.09 41.11 378.43
2017-18 99.15 21.23 81.04 260.65 171.58 524.53 183.65 42.07 379.46
2018-19 101.24 22.28 77.11 316.04 206.01 599.00 199.00 44.10 401.08
Base Year 2015-16=100
2019-20 108.22 25.81 78.82 355.16 201.32 599.00 199.00 47.82 448.85
2020-21 121.53 28.35 86.09 389.20 234.43 599.00 218.48 55.55 478.05
2021-22 133.44 32.70 90.98 420.28 264.98 650.41 277.80 63.55 507.25
2022-23 175.15 43.68 138.31 475.16 317.37 714.75 409.04 89.74 637.79
2023-24 215.67 56.87 136.52 560.31 415.53 822.91 599.00 113.60 819.69
July-April
2023-24 214.65 56.36 133.33 554.13 406.98 808.48 599.00 113.55 813.52
2024-25 229.99 60.91 144.42 616.06 476.88 1146.55 599.00 109.19 1030.26
(Contd.)
Note: In the new base year 2015-16, dissemination of prices started w.e.f July, 2019.
* : The unit has changed from 400 gms to 390 gms in base year 2015-16.

89
TABLE 7.4 (E)

AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES OF ESSENTIAL ITEMS (Average of 17 Centers)

Fiscal Kerosene Gas Elect Petrol Tele Local Call

Year (per ltr.) Charges Charges Super Charges
(100 cf) (upto 50 units)* (per ltr.) (per Call)
(Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
2010-11 84.89 110.20 1.84 75.70 3.59
2011-12 104.84 132.73 1.89 92.93 3.59
2012-13 116.07 119.58 2.00 101.26 3.74
2013-14 123.45 124.18 2.00 110.99 3.94
2014-15 100.94 124.18 2.00 88.58 3.94
2015-16 80.62 127.79 2.00 72.31 3.94
2016-17 77.48 128.66 2.00 69.09 3.94
2017-18 98.74 128.70 2.00 80.70 3.94
2018-19 119.97 140.99 2.00 97.00 4.47
Base Year 2015-16=100
2019-20 - 141.57 3.90 106.49 1.55
2020-21 - 141.57 4.63 107.12 1.60
2021-22 - 141.57 6.36 144.00 1.79
2022-23 - 183.61 6.44 244.73 1.79
2023-24 - 944.61 7.28 281.33 1.79
July-April
2023-24 - 814.94 7.32 283.21 1.79
2024-25 - 1976.50 6.33 256.90 1.79
-: Not available Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
Note: In the new base year 2015-16, prices are disseminated w.e.f July, 2019.
* : The unit has been changed from 50 units to lower income group consumers (Q1) in the base year 2015-16.

90
TABLE 7.5

INDICES OF WHOLESALE PRICES OF SELECTED COMMODITIES

Fiscal Wheat Rice Gram Sugar Vegetab- Tea Meat Vegeta- Fresh Cotton* Motor
Year (Whole) Refined le Ghee bles Milk Spirit
(Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
2010-11 159.53 123.39 169.24 251.13 118.21 165.31 174.86 173.43 157.40 171.48 126.84
2011-12 163.44 149.45 - 229.24 141.37 192.23 214.40 211.52 190.29 189.55 155.00
2012-13 188.52 165.42 - 201.93 141.75 203.24 228.80 216.66 213.81 168.92 168.70
2013-14 227.13 177.67 - 206.98 141.51 215.49 238.93 254.41 225.98 185.58 184.99
2014-15 209.29 172.20 - 189.35 147.13 145.16 236.14 255.40 249.87 208.86 167.79
2015-16 209.07 147.58 - 237.16 119.85 242.82 267.79 258.45 255.23 249.16 120.71
2016-17 208.21 154.49 - 242.70 124.63 243.24 282.23 280.77 266.08 268.07 115.52
2017-18 202.02 172.15 - 201.60 127.22 261.70 311.25 294.16 275.05 262.92 134.99
2018-19 211.14 191.38 - 226.24 135.10 285.16 348.60 293.46 287.20 269.50 164.47
(Base Year 2015-16=100)
2019-20 119.09 145.34 - 123.16 138.46 126.36 139.45 178.87 116.22 127.20 150.35
2020-21 158.62 166.97 - 150.78 167.12 129.72 162.32 161.91 141.12 138.85 148.00
2021-22 175.16 182.90 - 153.61 262.71 142.24 192.37 195.68 149.26 146.49 206.78
2022-23 292.61 268.05 - 161.41 358.83 209.91 226.09 271.31 193.85 176.07 347.49
2023-24 338.58 355.83 - 237.32 321.53 266.69 275.99 347.61 226.88 178.55 399.13
July-April
2023-24 359.12 357.82 - 237.65 323.62 266.05 271.05 361.95 225.77 178.28 401.78
2024-25 225.67 333.15 - 239.33 348.76 275.67 316.89 336.16 247.22 194.19 362.46
-: Not available (Contd.)
*: In the base year 2015-16 prices of Cotton Seeds has been quoted instead of Cotton prices.

91
TABLE 7.5

INDICES OF WHOLESALE PRICES OF SELECTED COMMODITIES

Fiscal Kerosene Fire Cotton Matches Soaps Ferti- Trans- Leather Timber Cement
Year Oils Wood Yarn lizers port
(Base Year : 2007-08 = 100)
2010-11 141.73 151.43 182.87 110.37 130.52 174.65 116.77 107.07 127.27 140.80
2011-12 166.98 190.47 196.06 118.84 151.04 258.65 - 109.08 139.00 162.19
2012-13 177.67 215.48 208.38 132.57 167.01 261.38 - 111.60 149.51 185.77
2013-14 178.30 238.11 213.03 143.20 180.26 266.33 - 168.48 170.36 203.42
2014-15 179.03 252.59 246.11 175.76 160.21 235.83 - 216.67 200.60 225.95
2015-16 162.08 263.90 173.44 162.62 183.87 260.00 - 220.42 214.44 212.15
2015-16 161.99 263.88 173.41 162.62 183.87 260.10 - 220.40 214.35 212.23
2016-17 178.77 272.97 198.86 165.53 189.10 219.37 - 222.98 225.62 214.45
2017-18 186.98 282.43 216.99 171.36 191.32 222.52 - 215.78 233.96 217.99
2018-19 232.43 290.68 267.72 172.07 198.37 258.49 - 224.79 243.08 236.62
Base Year 2015-16 = 100
2019-20 169.85 111.12 164.90 1164.79 110.25 101.84 - 106.04 111.87 113.42
2020-21 141.77 124.41 179.14 1172.40 113.18 102.06 - 108.77 152.12 122.71
2021-22 230.78 132.99 232.48 1228.39 130.05 142.37 - 119.84 162.32 151.50
2022-23 369.05 159.31 239.61 1970.70 175.97 203.96 - 147.14 196.21 204.11
2023-24 384.14 181.44 239.61 3309.90 226.05 251.46 - 179.74 223.08 238.19
July-April
2023-24 392.31 181.04 239.61 3307.09 225.46 246.66 - 179.17 221.76 236.25
2024-25 330.52 200.83 239.61 3332.20 235.71 275.39 - 176.46 238.17 286.08
-: Not available Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
In the new Base Year 2015-16, prices are disseminated w.e.f July, 2019.

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