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 ory
Ona A):
MAJOR y | PHOEBE
eae,
PICTURE Bee
aeons Author of ACHILD’S LIFE

a Sveon i

DIARY
_ TEENAGE

** Phoebe Gloeckner...
=a _ is creating some of the
= 4 edgiest work about
Oe eae 7 - young women's lives
= in any medium.”’

- THE NEW YORK TIMES

es >2 04 0-9-0 >)ne),
 SAN FRANCISCO, MARCH 2, 1976:

| don’t remember being born. | was a

very ugly child. My appearance has
not improved so | suppose it was a
lucky break when he was attracted
by my youthfulness. ~ Minnie Goetze

SO BEGINS THE WRENCHING DIARY OF

Minnie Goetze, a fifteen-year-old girl longing for
love and acceptance and struggling with her own
precocious sexuality in the libertine atmosphere
of 1970s San Francisco. At times, Minnie’s words
reveal her heartbreaking vulnerability, while at
others, they evoke William Burroughs or even
Charles Bukowski reincarnated as an adolescent
girl. These diary entries interweave multiple levels
of meaning, offering a searing commentary on
adult society as seen through the eyes of a young
woman on the verge ofjoining it.

In The Diary ofaTeenage Girl, Phoebe Gloeckner

combines powerful drawings, vivid comics, and
piercing honesty and humor, transcending her
medium to create a character that will haunt your
imagination and your heart forever.
 nzIARY..
TEENAGE
GIRL AN ACCOUNT
IN WORDS AND PICTURES

> PRAISE fe THIS BOOK .-

$6 Intensity, thy name is Gloeckner. This 2002 novel, about a young woman's often-
traumatic coming of age in 1970s San Francisco, is a complicated combination of
standard written-through passages, comic strips and illustrations; it’s about as
far you can go into the realm of the novel without entirely relying on prose. Is it
autobiography? Is it fiction? Either way, it is a tough, necessary read.”
—Rolling Stone

$6 The book inspires a powerfully ambivalent feeling—half disgust and half

sympathy—which may be the point. As Gloeckner seems to hint in her
dedication, there’s likely a piece of the immature, naive, and damaged Minnie
in most teenage girls, and Diary allows readers to explore that awkward time
without moralistic judgment ... Gloeckner, regarded as one of the best American
underground female comic artists, has never been afraid to raise a ruckus, yet
as titillating and voyeuristic as Diary can be (and intends to be), it’s Minnie’s
search for self-love that makes the book compelling.”
—Bernice Yeung, SF Weekly

66 What’s unusual and wonderful about Gloeckner’s writing and art is its unflinching
engagement with messy truths. The Diary of aTeenage Girl is shockingly—and
refreshingly—frank, strongly conveying what it’s like to be a sexual girl in a
problematic world.”
—Chris Dodge, Utne Reader
 MORE PRAISE for THIS BOOK
86 [Diary displays] ... a kindred range of perception regarding the data and colorings
of a teenaged sphere; an accommodation both robust and delicate for teenage
language, with a shrewd recognition of its diverse cultural influences; and a warm
comprehension of the combined recklessness, cluelessness, and gallantry attending
a young girl/woman’s encounter with horrendous moral squalor: not only the
promiscuities and dissipations of the street; but those masked or camouflaged
within and by the home.”
—The Comics Journal

66 Gloeckner has become an admirable cartoonist not only for the power of her work,
and not solely for her continued grasp of comics narrative, but for the way in which
her comics have fallen in tune with her moral outlook. Gloeckner’s best stories
regard truth as an unattainable goal but perhaps the only one worth pursuing.
Her art may be the closest approximation of our own silent recalibrations and
reconfigurations, our attempts to do justice to the past while making our way in
the present. As the artist herself puts it, “The truth always changes, and in the end
there is almost no truth.”
—The Comics Reporter

66 The Minnie stories describe an adolescence that is at once traumatic and

picaresque. They explore the power a girl feels in her emerging sexuality as well
as the damage inflicted by those who prey upon it. In the process, they raise
unsettling questions about vulnerability, desire and the nature of a young woman's
victimization ... Gloeckner is arguably the brightest light among a small cadre of
semiautobiographical cartoonists”
—Peggy Orenstein, New York Times

66 Brave and voyeuristic, Diary is an exercise in genre-bending. It defies critical

classification: call it proto-feminist biography, post-modern memoir, meta-narrative
or coming-of-age smut, but its fans are many and varied.”
—Nathalie Atkinson, Broken Pencil

66 With Diary, Gloeckner has essentially created her own medium.”

—Sari Globerman, Bust magazine

$6 Phoebe Gloeckner is a great artist.”

—R. Crumb
 Pa ens
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© NORTH ATLANTIC BOOKS b BERKELEY b] CA

Copyright © 2002, 2015 by Phoebe Gloeckner. All rights reserved. No portion of this
book, except for brief review, may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise—without the written permission of the publisher. For information contact
North Atlantic Books.

Published by
North Atlantic Books
Berkeley, California

Cover art by Phoebe Gloeckner

Cover and book design by Phoebe Gloeckner and Carl Greene 5
Printed in the United States of America
The Diary of a Teenage Girl, Revised Edition is sponsored and published by the Society
for the Study of Native Arts and Sciences (dba North Atlantic Books), an educational
nonprofit based in Berkeley, California, that collaborates with partners to develop cross-
cultural perspectives, nurture holistic views of art, science, the humanities, and healing,
and seed personal and global transformation by publishing work on the relationship of
body, spirit, and nature.

North Atlantic Books’ publications are available through most bookstores. For further
information, visit our website at www.northatlanticbooks.com or call 800-733-3000.

Nota Bene:
‘This account is entirely fictional and if you think you recognize any of the characters as an
actual person, living or dead, you are mistaken.
New ISBN for this edition: 978-1-62317-034-9

The Library of Congress has cataloged the first edition as follows:

Gloeckner, Phoebe.
Diary of a teenage girl: an account in words and pictures /
Phoebe Gloeckner.
p. cm.
ISBN 1-58394-080-4 (hardcover)
ISBN 1-58394-063-4 (paperback)
I, Title.
PS3557.L635D5 2002
813’.54—dc21

99-027253

P29 45°67 UNITED 19 T8347 1645

Printed on recycled paper

 For my daughters,
Audrey Fina Gloeckner-Kalousek
& Persephone Gloeckner-Suits

- and-
 Childhood can never die;
Wrecks of the past
float o’er the memory,
Bright to the last.
Many a happy thing,
Many a daisy spring,
floats on time’s ceaseless wing,
far, far away.

Childhood can never die,

Never die, never die,
Childhood can never die,
No, never die.

Abby Hutchinson
CA. 1880
Best friends Minnie and Kimmie.
 Contents

rha Wel eM ee ee th aie oak lw ceciee a'sxili

by Hillary Chute

Peete! i REVISED BDETIOMN. sas. os ccs ecias cisk « xv

Pee OTE OR CAUTIONS O THEREADER Ce as rvinn os. 5 xix

MY DIARY

rsa eelnie
a Cab boa te Shs, Sue Whe dys vin I
My introduction to love

Pier aNeatin Se 2s, Soci k Oe he sas ee ts Aes 11g

Carefree adventure with change
lurking in the wings

eGR ee iets eee ad, aii a a sags o squ ev¥hiaww aindv «eh aes IgI
I wallow in a state of despair,
but by and by, I am befriended
by a girl named Tabatha

Ce LEAL BIL sede fn Sao olei Reeae ler a roe a aa 283

as ee tre eh ne (PR eis Sen pte, ca mah oes, 295

ORIGINAD DIARY PAGES AND PHOTOS ~.202.0 wigs. 2.99

ee EL ING: wa pi te ene een kaw Pee M awe nee 307

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS FOR THIS EDITION.............. RII

 Foreword

The Diary of a Teenage Girl is a book unlike any other you will read; it
has no comparison or competitor. It weights the wild exuberance of the
young Minnie Goetze, with her keen observing eye, massive vocabulary,
and straightforward need to be loved, with the controlled hand of an auteur
totally in charge of her craft.
The importance of both of Phoebe Gloeckner’s major long-form works,
A Child’ Life and Other Stories (1998) and The Diary of a Teenage Girl: An
Account in Words and Pictures (first published in 2002), is hard to overstate.
In the relatively short thirteen or so years since Diary of a Teenage Girl was
first published, it has become a classic in the comics field, and for anyone
and everyone interested in the experiences of young women. I am thrilled
that there is now not just a new edition of Phoebe’s seminal novel but
also an off-Broadway stage adaptation and a full-length feature film based
on this work. People from many different fields have been inspired by the
creativity of Diary.
The Diary ofa Teenage Girl is a totally uninhibited object. The protagonist,
Minnie, who lives in San Francisco and starts an affair with her mother’s
boyfriend when she is only fifteen, keeps an expressive diary that constitutes
the large portion of the book. Minnie’s complicated sense of her own sex-
uality (which she both celebrates and derides; her views are decidedly not
one-note) and her sexual experiences are chronicled in detail. While it has
become commonplace to praise a work for being “raw,”Ican state truly that
Diary is probably the “rawest” book I have ever read; I actually had a hard
time reading some passages because of how unfiltered they feel, providing a
direct line to the alternately wounded and ecstatic teenage psyche. But the
kind of discomfort one might feel reading Diary—say, about how much a
fifteen-year-old loves getting fucked—is an important kind of discomfort.
Diary stands alone in my mind for its brave, unabashed take on the com-
plexity of life at this age. And this is just in the prose.
_ Diary is also populated throughout by images rendered in Phoebe’s
incredibly supple, sensual, detailed hand. In addition to her job as a ten-
ured professor at the Stamps School of Art and Design at the University
of Michigan, Phoebe is also a trained medical illustrator, and she is widely
 Ys

acknowledged as one of the finest draftspeople in comics. Diary, presenting

a dense, realistic style with a twist, offers images that sweetly chronicle the
granular and the everyday (maps of the family neighborhood and apartment,
illustrations of Minnie’s favorite candy, visual inventories of Minnie’s room),
alongside suggestive and graphic ones of sex and drugs.
Diary’ brilliance is in its rich form as a narrative—“ah account in words
and pictures.” Its craftedness counterbalances the uneven, passionate, wildly
oscillating and totally unbridled voice of its diarist. Inspired in part by nine-
teenth-century illustrated novels, such as those by Zola, Diary exceeds the
form of illustrated novel: it creates entirely its own genre in which images
propel the narrative in multivalent ways. The book consistently alternates
between prose and images. There are spot illustrations throughout, interrupt-
ing the flow of text, and there are also full-page, captioned images (samples:
“Ricky Ricky Ricky Wasserman, that exquisitely handsome boy” and “I would
like to die by drownation in the Ganges River”); further, and perhaps most
significantly, the prose periodically breaks out into comics form for pages
at a time, taking over the narrative. These interspersed comics, in picturing
and framing Minnie’s experience, add to the record the visual voice of the
adult author who is interpreting Minnie’s experiences for readers. Diary is a
hybrid and dialogic text—both across its words and images, and in the pro-
found and moving tacit dialogue it stages between different versions of self.
The dedication for The Diary of a Teenage Girl reads: “For all the girls
when they have grown.”I like to think of this as Phoebe dedicating the
book, in a sense, to herself, as well as to its many readers.

—HiI.iary CHUTE

Associate Professor, Department of English

University of Chicago

XIV
 Preface to the Revised Edition

I wrote this book with you in mind, and it’s for you if you'll have it.
It incorporates, in part, the diary I kept as a teenager. In that sense, I
suppose I started writing this book a very long time ago, when I was very
young.
What I have always hoped is that the central character, Minnie Goetze,
is a person to whom readers will relate, whether they be female, male, old,
or young. Minnie is, first and foremost, a human being. That she is female
and young are secondary.
The Diary ofa Teenage Girl has often been characterized as autobiography,
life-writing, or memoir. These characterizations seem to attempt to define
the book as a “document,” or in “feminist” terms, as a record of a young
womans life in a particular era, a record whose value is more political and
historical than aesthetic or literary.
I see my work differently. This book is a novel. The differences between
a diary and a novel (even a novel with the word “Diary” in its title) are
important to consider.
A diary is a history of thought, event, and emotion whose creation is
a consecutive recording of an individual life. It is an artifact and asks for
no redaction. A novel, on the other hand, is an encapsulated world created
by the author, one that we are invited to enter and believe in, although its
reality is artifice.
The question I’ve most often been asked about this book is, “Is it true?
Is it about your own experience?” Iam confounded by this question. While
a work of “art” should not be confused with its creator, they are, admittedly,
inextricable. In many ways, this book is “about” me. However, this book
is just as strongly about you, too. I aspire to create characters who can be
universally understood despite being constructed with details so numerous
that they could only refer to a particular situation. Although I am the source
of Minnie, she cannot be me—for the book to have real meaning, she must
be all girls, anyone. This is not history or documentary or a confession, and
memories will be altered or sacrificed, for factual truth has little significance
in the pursuit of emotional truth. It’s not my story. It’s our story.
 ‘
Having flogged the dead horse of autobiography, I'd like to respond to
frequent descriptions of this book as being about “trauma” or “the sexuality
of the female adolescent.” Again, all coyness aside, I must tell you that it
is “about” nothing. At the same time, it is “about” everything. It is about
being born into certain circumstances, and moving, at some point, toward
independent action and consciousness of one’s own desires, limitations, and
capabilities. It’s about pain and love. It’s about life. That’s all.

—PHOEBE GLOECKNER

Associate Professor, Stamps School of Art and Design

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
THE DIARY OF A TEENAGE GIRL
an account in words and pictures
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 A Note of Caution to the Reader

Dear Dear,

Please, do never read this unless and until I am dead and

even then not unless it is twenty-five years from now or more.
This book contains private information. On these pages
I have spilled my feelings and thoughts as they have come to
me, spontaneously. I would not care so much if I hadn't written
things that are directly connected to the lives of others, but
I have, and if you do read this you may be deeply hurt and
bewildered and confused and you may even cry, so please, do
not read any further.
If you do read on, don’t you dare ever let me know that
you did or I swear to God I will kill myself or run away or do
any number of self-destructive things. I beg of you, for my sake
and yours, do not do not do not.

Minnie Goetze
San Francisco, CA
 beg bated is. ) Once tear mallu ali nese ciens OS agli. %
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 Spring
My introduction to love

This book was begun in earnest

on a cold, foggy evening in March 1976
coincidentally
the occasion of a full moon
which could only be seen
from this part of the Earth
through breaches
in the layer of fog.
 d
I don t remember be ing born
I DON’T REMEMBER BEING BORN. I was a very ugly child. My appearance
has not improved so I suppose it was a lucky break when he was attracted
by my youthfulness.
My name is Minnie Goetze.
My body is fairly evenly proportioned. I’m shortish (about 5’4”), with
broad shoulders and broad hips and a little waist and my breasts keep grow-
ing but they’re still not big. I have a squarish face to match my body, with
big eyes that are green, a biggish nose that tilts upward, a regular mouth,
square teeth, and dark eyebrows.
I live in San Francisco, on Clay Street, in a neighborhood called Laurel
Heights, a half-block from the Korean Consulate. It’s a rich neighborhood,
but we are not rich—I live in an apartment, in the middle flat of three in
a Victorian house with my mother and my sister Gretel, who is thirteen.
I'm fifteen years old. I’m in tenth grade.
I like being alone, and I’m not stupid, and I think a lot, and I don't
usually talk much unless I know the person well, and then I just can’t stop
talking unless I’m in a quiet mood which is at least twice a day when I’m
with other people and most of the time when I’m with myself only. I am
a very physical person. I’m always running around and sometimes I hit
people just for pretend. Especially Monroe. We box around all the time.
I’ve been going to bed around midnight lately, and waking up at 9:30. I
wash my hair every day. I had it cut last night. It’s brown and a few inches
past my shoulders.
Drawing and writing are the things I like to do best. I’m also interested
in science, and my grandparents want me to become a doctor because my
grandmother’s one and they think of all the grandchildren, I’m the most
likely to follow in her footsteps but I don’t want to do that.
For the first half of the school year, I was a student at a boarding
school in Palo Alto. I came back only every other weekend. I tired of this,
and begged to come home. So here I am. I started going to a new school
in January. My sister and I have almost always gone to private schools, but
49 H E DIA RY “ORF Age Ee beNeAsGar ee Gel pel

that’s because my grandfather pays our tuition. We're usually the poorest
kids at school.
We have one pet—a cat named Domino.
Since about two weeks ago, I’ve developed quite a taste for eggs. I eat
an average of four a day, usually more, sometimes less.

In all matter-of-factuality, it happened like this:

One night, my mother’s boyfriend, Monroe, let me drink some of his
wine. We were sitting on the living room couch. My mother and my sister
Gretel had gone to sleep. I got drunk and he kept putting his arm around me.
“Look at this silly little flannel nightgown,” he said. I had on the nightgown:
Granny gave me at Christmas, with white and blue stripes. “It makes you
look like a little girl. But you're fifteen now right Jesus Christ I can’t believe
it it seems like just yesterday that I met you how old were you then? Eleven
or twelve, right? Jesus Christ.” He sort of rubbed my breast through my
nightgown but I was so surprised by what he was doing that even though
I half-felt that it was rude and presumptuous of me to think he was doing
this intentionally, Ibacked away because I didn’t want him to feel how small
my breasts were, even by accident. I felt 1 should dismiss the entire incident
no matter how I interpreted it—we were both drunk. And I also had this
strangely calming feeling that even if he had touched my tits on purpose
that it was probably all right because he’s one of our best friends and he’s
a good guy and he knows how it goes and I don't.
A couple of nights later Mom decided she didn’t want to go to a night-
club with Monroe (as she had planned) to see some singing cowboys. She
said, “Why don't you take Minnie?”
He says, “Well, kid, whadya think? You want to go out on the town
with me? Your mom’s standing me up!”
“Well, ok...,” Isaid with little enthusiasm. Of course I had homework
but so the fuck what. I wanted to go, so I did and of course I was served a
drink or two because I am so mature-looking. And Monroe always seems
to drink under such circumstances. We were laughing at the fools on the
stage and the waitresses told us to stop making such godfucking noise so
we went to the back of the room. He was feeling my tits but I kept inter-
rupting him to stumble over to the ladies’ room. He was saying, “Oh look
you're giving me a hard-on oh look you're givingmeahardon.” Then he put
 == = Ws

NOI LTT"

TRAM
RES

Our building and street.

TH E DIARY OF A TEENAGE GIRL

my hand down his pants but it didn’t feel too hard to me. It had soft skin.
I don’t know what I expected exactly but I guess flesh can never be really
hard, like Formica or wood, because it is, after all, flesh. I told him I wanted
him to fuck me and he said are you crazyohgodlookyou’regivingmeahardon.
I said I really mean it I really really want you to fuck me. I was laughing
and it seemed ridiculous. I didn’t even know if I was serious but it was a
funny game and I was totally drunk.
“Jesus Christ, Minnie you're shit-faced,” he says. “I’m taking you home.
Gonna get you back to your goddamn mother.” And he pulls me up out
of my chair and the waitresses with the stupid-looking faces and blue eye
shadow are staring at us like god knows what they’re thinking.
We got into his car and we were both very very drunk and he looks at -
me and says, “I can't believe you want me to fuck you. Do you really want
me to fuck you?” “None of your fucking business!” Ilaughed, and he said,
“You really do want me to fuck you, don’t you? I can’t believe it.” He tilts his
head and squints his eyes in a funny way when he’s drunk, and his mouth
gets kind of melty and uncontrolled. “You really fuckin want me to fuckin’
fuck you.” I laughed again but I wasn't really sure whether I wanted him
or anyone else to fuck me but I was afraid to pass up the chance because I
might never get another. He started the car and backed out, and we drove
towards my house... after a while neither of us said much of anything at
all. I had that cold chill gripping my heart and my teeth started chattering
like I was freezing or scared.

I got so drunk another night that I almost drowned in the bathtub. Mom
had been up with us but she fell asleep at 8:00. Monroe let me drink the
rest of her wine and more. After a while, I just had to go to sleep. I felt so
sick. He went to my room with me, stumbling all over the dirty laundry
and books and junk on the floor.Itwas very nice and comforting the way
he rubbed my back as I threw up over the side of my bed. Monroe was too
drunk to clean it but he made me get in the bathtub to get the vomit out of
my hair. He filled up the tub but then he left the room out of politeness and
respect. I started singing aaahhhhhh that’s the way uh huh uh huh I like it
uh huh uh huh that’s the way. Then he told me to shut up or I'd wake my
mom and Gretel. So I closed my eyes and leaned back in the warm water.
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THE DIARY OF 7 AD ab EN AGC EC Ake

My head seemed to spin just like you’re told it does when you're drunk.
When I got out Monroe was asleep on the couch.
In the morning Mom yelled because I hadn't let the water out of the
tub and I left a wet towel on the floor but I told her it wasn't on purpose
because I threw up last night. I said'I must have the flu, so I didn’t go to
school. I did feel very sick.
Mom was also home the next night but went to bed after Mary Hart-
man Mary Hartman. It was very romantic the way the black-and-white
blueness of the tv light bounced all over the room. He slipped his hand
between my legs and then he bent over me and kissed me for a long time.
(It tasted like heated wine hot and sticky, the inside of his mouth was all
smooth.) Over the course of an hour, before he fell asleep, I tried giving.
him a blow-job and everything else. He kept saying he wanted to fuck me
but he said we can't here.

The following Tuesday, Ididn’t go to school. We had made a plan. I set off
at the usual time with my backpack and my books, but I just kept walking
right past school and met him at the corner of Jackson and Scott, at the upper
left-hand corner of Alta Plaza, if you're looking toward the bay. I suppose
he didn't go to work, I don’t know, that didn’t even occur to me until now.
We drove across the bridge and went to Stinson Beach first and drank
beer and ate some sandwiches and watched two wet black dogs fighting
over a stick in the sand. Monroe loves the water. Then we went back to San
Francisco, to his place in Russian Hill. It hurt and it still hurts and I’m sure
it was the most colorful blood that will ever come out of me. Afterwards, we
lay quietly beside one another on the bed. We both still had our jackets on,
naked from just the waist down. I drew an “X” on his leg with my blood.
He said he couldn't believe I was a virgin.
He dropped me off a few blocks from home so no one would see us.
As soon as I got inside my mother said, “Make the frozen peas—it’s almost
dinner time! Where were you?” stood by the stove stirring the peas but I
felt blood trickling so I ran to the bathroom and the blood was just every-
where, dripping into the toilet. I didn’t know what to do so Ijust sat there
and after a while my mother yelled, “Jesus, the peas are burned! Minnie,
where are you?!”
Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
 BASAL & bass ; smaller bass saxhorn in B flat or C ; (Gk gr.)
(word) without acute accent on last syllable. [f. F baryton or It.
baritone f. (gram, meaning direct f.) Gk barutonos (barus heavy
+tonos tone)] ba'sal, a. Of, at, or forming, the base ; fundamental .
[f. BASE 1 + -AL] basalt (ba'sawlt, basawlt), n. Dark green or brown
igneous rock often in columnar strata, whence basa'ltic,
basa'ltiFORM, aa. ; black porcelain invented by Wedgwood, [f. L
basaltes f. an African word] ba'san, ba'zan, n. Sheepskin tanned in
oak or larch bark (also basil), [f. F basane f. Pr. bazana f. Sp. badana
f. Arab, bitanah lining] bas bleu (F), n. Bluestocking. ba'scule, n.
Lever apparatus used in &.bridge, kind of drawbridge raised &
lowered with counterpoise. [F, formerly bacule see-saw (battre bump
or bas down + cid buttocks)] base1, n. That on which anything
stands or depends, support, bottom, foundation, principle,
groundwork, starting-point (b.-ball, U.S. national game, more
elaborate rounders, also ball used in it); (Arch.) part of column
between shaft & pedestal or pavement ; (Bot. & Zool.) end at which
an organ is attached to trunk ; (Geom.) line or surface on which
plane or solid figure is held to stand ; (Cljem.) correlative of acid,
electro-positive compound body that combines with acid to form salt
(including, but wider than, alkali) ; (Mil.) line or place used as
stronghold or magazine (also b. of operations); (Surv.) known line
used as geometrical b. for trigonometry ; (Math.) starting-number
for system of numeration or logarithms (as 10 in decimal counting).
[F, f. L f. Gk basis (baino step, stand)] base 2, v.t. Found (something)
on ; establish (with adv., as firmly) ; b. oneself on, rely upon (in
argument &c). [f. prec] base3, a. (Orig.) of small height (now only in
plant names as b.-rocket). Morally low, cowardly, selfish, mean,
despicable, whence ba'seLY2 adv. ; menial; (Law) b. tenure, estate,
fee, not absolute, but determinable on fulfilment of contingent
qualification; (Lang.) not classical (b. Latinity) ; b.-born, of low birth,
illegitimate ; b.-court, outer court of castle or court behind
farmhouse ; b. metals, opposed to precious ; b. coin, spurious,
alloyed. Hence ba'sexESS n. [f. F bas f. LL bassus short (in L as
cognomen) etym. dub] ba'seless, a. Groundless, unfounded. Hence
ba'selessxESS n. [base *, -less] ba'sement, n. Lowest or
fundamental part of structure ; inhabited storey sunk below ground
level, [base n. or v. + -ment] bash, v.t. Strike heavily so as to smash
in (often in), [perh. imit., cf. "bang, smash; or = Sw. basa flog, Da.
baske cudgel] bashaw, n. Earlier form of pasha. ba'shful, a. Shy ;
shamefaced, sheepish. Hence taa'shfulLY2 adv., ba'shfulxESS n. [f.
obs. bash vb for abash -f -ful] bashi-bazou'k, (-ook), n. Mercenary of
Turkish irregulars, notorious for pillage & brutality. Hence
bashibazou*kERY(4, 5) n. [mod. Turk., lit. brain-turned] basi-, stem
of many adjj. in Physiol. Of, at, forming, the base of. [base1, basis]
ba'sic, a. Of, at, forming, base ; fundamental ; (Chem.) having base
atomically more than acid (salts) ; (Min.) slightly silicated (igneous
rock) ; prepared by non-siliceous process (steel), [base l + -icj 68
BASS basi'city, n. An acid's relative power of combining with bases,
[prec. + -ty] ba'sil l (-z-), n. Kinds of aromatic herb, esp. Common or
Sweet B. & Bush or Lesser B., both culinary. [f. OF basile f. L
basilisca (basiliscus basilisk), the Gk name basilicon royal being
misinterpreted as antidote for basilisk's venom] ba'sil2, n. Corruption
of basan. ba'silic, a. (Of vein) starting from elbow & discharging into
axillary vein. [f. F. basilique f. L f. Gk. basilikos royal (as formerly
thought of special importance)] basi'lica, n. (Orig.) royal palace ;
hence, oblong hall with double colonnade & apse used for lawcourt
& assemblies ; such a building used as Christian church ; (in Rome)
one of the seven churches founded by Constantine. [L, f. Gk basilike
(oikia, stoa) royal (house, portico) f. basileus king, -ic] basi'licon, -
um, n. Kinds of ointment. [-on Gk, -um L, f. Gk basilikos as .in prec.
; so called as a 'sovereign ' remedy] ba'silisk (-z-), n. Fabulous reptile
(also cockatrice) hatched by serpent from cock's egg, blasting by its
breath or look; (fig.) b.-glance &c. , evil eye, person or thing that
blasts (reputation &c); (Zool.) small American lizard with hollow crest
inflated at will. [f. L f. Gk basiliskos kinglet, _serpent, golden-crested
wren] basin (ba/sn), n. Hollow round metal or pottery vessel, less
deep than wide, & contracting downwards, for holding water &c,
bowl ; hollow depression ; dock with floodgates ; land-locked
harbour ; tract of country drained by river & tributaries; circular or
oval valley ; (Geol.) formation with strata dipping towards centre, the
deposit (e. g. coal) contained in this. Hence ba*sinFUL(2) n. [ME &
OF bacin (F bassi?i) f. LL bachinus perh. for baccinus (bacca water-
vessel)] ba'sinet, ba'snet, n. Light steel headpiece, [f. OF bacinet
dim. of bacin basin] ba'sis, n. (pi. bases). — base l (chiefly in fig.
senses) ; main ingredient, foundation, beginning, determining
principle ; common ground for negotiation &c. ; military base. [L =
base *] bask, v.i. Revel in warmth & light (usu. in the sun, firelight,
&c.) ; basking-shark, largest species of shark (also Sunfi-sh &
Sailfish). [prob. f. ON *bathask (cf. or = other) refl. of batha bathe
x] ba'sket J, n. Wicker vessel of osiers, cane, rushes, &c. ; the
quantity contained in it (also basketful) ; wicker singlestick
handguard ; pick of the b., best of the lot; basket-, of b. shape as b.-
hilt, of b. material or fashion as b. -carriage, -work. Hence
ba'sketRY(o) n. [etym. dub.-; bascauda is mentioned by Martial as a
British utensil] ba'sket2, v.t. Put in a b, waste-paper or other, [f.
prec] ba'son \ n. = basin. ba'son2, n., & v.t. Bench for felting hat
material ; (vb) felt. [perh. = basin] basque (-sk),n. & a. (1)
Biscayan, (native or language) of Western Pyrenees. (2) Short
continuation of bodice below waist ; bodice having this. [F, f. LL
Vasco -onis ; whether 2 is from 1 is not known] bas-relief, bass-, n.
(Piece of) shallow carving or sculpture on background (less than half
the true depth), [f. F bas-relief L It. basso-Hlievo low relief ; see
base3] bass \ n. Common Perch ; Black B., Perch of Lake Huron ;
European sea-fish (also Seawolf and Sea-dace), [earlier barse f. OE
bxrs ; com.-Teut. f. root bars- bristle]
 BASS 69 bass 2, n. Inner bark of lime, used for mats,
hassocks, baskets, & for tying plants, flowers, &c. ; b.-wood, Amer.
lime, its wood, [corruption of bast] bass 3, a. & n. Deep-sounding ;
(of, suited to) lowest part in harmonized music ; (man with) b. voice
; thorough-b., b. part with shorthand indications below of the proper
harmony, hence theory of harmony ; b.-viol, violoncello. [ME bas
base see base 3 ; now bass after It. basso] ba'sset1, n. Short-legged
badger-dog. [F, dim. of bas basse low ; see base3] ba'sset2, n.
Obsolete card -game. [f. It. bassetta f. bassetto dim. of basso base
3] ba'sset3, n., & v.i., (geol.). Edge of stratum cropping out; (vb)
crop out. [?] ba'sset-horn, n. Tenor clarinet, [transl. of F cor de
bassette f. It. bassetto see basset2] bassine't, n. Hooded wicker
cradle or perambulator. [F, dim. of bassin basin] bassoo'n, n.
Wooden double-reed instrument used as bass to oboe ; organ stop
& harmonium reeds of similar quality. Hence bassoo'niST(3) n. [f. F
basson (bas base 3 + -on see -oon, or bas son deep sound)] basso-
ritievo (It.), n. (pl.-o.s). = bas-relief. bast, n. Inner bark of lime (see
bass2); other flexible fibrous barks. [OE bxst ; com.Teut., etym.
dub.] ba'stard, n. & a. (Child) born out of wedlock or of adultery,
illegitimate; (of things) unauthorized, hybrid, counterfeit ; b. slip,
sucker of tree (also tig., = bastard n.); (Bot.) nearly resembling
another species (b. balm); (Zool.) b. wing, rudimentary extra digit
with , ' quill-feathers. [OF, f. bast (bat-) packsaddle (used as bed by
muleteer) + -ard ; cf. bantling] ba'stardize, v.t. Declare illegitimate.
Hence ba'stardiZA'TiON n. [prec. 4- -ize] ba'stardy, n. Illegitimacy, [f.
AF & OF bastardie ; see bastard, -y x] baste1, v.t. Stitch together,
tack, (as prelim, to regular sewing), [f. OF bastir (now bdtir) perh. f.
LL bastire construct, build ; but cf. also bast] baste2, v.t. Moisten
(roasting meat) with fat to prevent burning ; pour melted wax &c.
on (wicks in candlemaking). [?] baste3, v.t. Thrash, cudgel, [perh. =
Sw. basa flog (basit, baste, baist, as past or p.p. in early exx. ; cf.
hoist1*2); or flg. use of prec. (cf . ' dry basting ' Shaksp. )] basti'lle
(-el), n. Fortress ; Paris prisonfortress destroyed 1789 ; prison. [F, f.
LL bastilia pi. of bastile f. bastire build] bastina'do, n., & v.t. (Punish
with) caning on soles of feet. [f. Sp. bastonada (baston stick) see -
ado(2)] ba'stion, n. Projecting part of fortification, irregular pentagon
with its base in the line (or at an angle) of the main works. Hence
ba'stionED2a. [F, f. It. bastione f. LL bastire build perh. f. same root
as baston baton] ba'syl(e), n. (chem.). Body that unites with oxygen
to form a base, [f . Gk basis base i + -yl] bat1, n. Nocturnal mouse-
like quadruped with fingers extended as frame of membranous
wings ; bat-, often = purblind, [f. 1575, displacing ME bakke f.
Scand.] bat2, n., & v.i. Cricket implement (ozone's own b. cricket or
fig., unaided ; carry one's b., be not out at end of innings; (also
batsman) f)erformer with it; (vb) use b., have innings), f. OF batte
club (battre strike see abate)] bat3, n. (slang). Pace of stroke or step
(went off at a rare b.). [?] bat-, bat- (bah, baht), comb. form. For
officers' baggage on campaign ; b.-horse, b.-pay BATTALION or -
allowance, b.-man (in charge of horse), [f. F bat packsaddle f. OF
bast f. LL basttim perh. f. Gk bastazo lift] bata'ta (-ahta), n. W. -
Indian plant, Sweet or Spanish Potato. [Sp. & Port. f. native
American] Bata'vian, a. & n. (Inhabitant) of ancient Batavia
(between Rhine & Waal) or of modern Holland, Dutch(man). [f. L
Batavia (Batavi Pi-)] batch, n. Loaves produced at one baking ;
quantity or number of anything coming at once or treated as a set.
[ME bache (bacan bake) cf. wake watch] bate1, v.t. & i. Let down (b.
hope &c), restrain (bated breath); deduct (part of; usu. with neg.,
esp. not b. a jot of) ; fall off in force, [for abate] bate2, n., & v.t.
Alkaline lye for suppling hides ; (vb) steep in this. [=S\v. beta to tan,
G beissc maceration f. beissen cause to bite BAIT x] bath* (-th, pi -
dhz), Bath, n. (1) Washing; immersion in liquid, air, &c, (b. of blood,
carnage) ; water &c. for bathing, wash, lotion, surrounding medium;
vessel, room (also b.room), or building, for bathing in (see Turkish) ;
town resorted to for medical bathing. (2) Order of knighthood (B. ;
for C.B., K.C.B., G.C.B., see C, K, G) named from the b. preceding
installation. (3) Town in Somerset named from hot springs (B.-bnn;
B.-brick, preparation for cleaning metal ; B. chair, wheeled for invalid
; B. stone, oolite buildingstone). [OE bxth; com.-Teut., cf. G bad f.
OTeut. bathom perh. f. bajo- foment cf. L fovere keep warm] bath2
(-ah- or -a- in all parts), v.t. Subject to washing in b. (child or invalid,
of nurse &c). [f. prec.J bathe1 (-dh), v.t. & i. Immerse (in liquid, air,
light, &c.) ; (of person or river, liquid, &c.) moisten all over; (of
sunlight, &c.) envelop; take a bath or bathe, so bathing-machine,
wheeled dressing-box drawn into sea for bathing from. [OE bathian
(-dh-) ; com.-Teut, cf. G baden ; for bathe (-dh), bath, cf. graze,
grass] bathe2, ba'ther, nn. Taking, taker, of a bath, esp. in sea, river,
swimming-bath. [f. prec. in intr. sense] bathe'tic, a. Marked by
bathos, [irreg. f. Gk bathos on false anal, of pathetic (f. pathetos, not
pathos)] batho'meter, n. Spring balance used in ascertaining depth
of water, [f. Gk bathos depth + -meter] ba'thos, n. Fall from sublime
to ridiculous ; anticlimax ; performance absurdly below occasion.
[Gk, = depth] bathymetr-, stem of scientific words. Of depth-
measurement, [f. Gk bathus (translit. -2/.s-[deep + -meter] ba'ting-,
prep. Except, [part, of bate *] bati'ste (-est), n. & a. (Of) fine light
fabric like cambric in texture. [F, f. Baptiste of Cambrai, first maker]
baton (batn), n. Staff of office, esp. Marshal's b. ; constable's
truncheon ; (Herald.) truncheon in shield (b. sinister, badge of
bastardy) ; (Mus.) conductor's wand for beating time. [f. F baton f.
OF baston etym. dub.] batra'ehian (-k-), a. & n. Of frogs ; (one) of
the Batrachia, or animals that discard gills & tail. [f. Gk batrakheios
(batrakhos frog) 4- -an] batta'lion, n. Large body of men in battle
array (God is for the big bb., force prevails) ; body of infantry
composed of several com 
 BATTELS panies & forming part of regiment, body of
engineers, [f. F battaillon (now bata-) f. It. battaglione f. battaglia
battle *] ba'ttels, n. pi. College account at Oxford for board &
provisions supplied, or for all college expenses, [perh. f. obs. vb
battle fatten f. obs. adj. battle nutritious cf. batten 4] batten1, n.
Board (6ft or more long, 7in. x 2k or less broad & thick) used for
flooring ; bar of wood used for clamping boards of door &c. ; (Naut.)
strip of wood nailed on spar to save rubbing, or securing hatchway
tarpaulin. Hence batteniNGM6) n. [var. of RATO\l ba'tten2, v.t.
Strengthen with bb. ; (Xaut.) b. down, close the hatches (see batten
l). [f. prec] ba'tten 3, n. Bar in silk-loom striking in the weft. [f. F
battant (battre strike, -ant)J ba'tten4, v.i. Feed gluttonously on, revel
in, (often implying morbid taste) ; grow fat. [perh. f. ON batan get
better (bati advantage cf. BOOT2)] ba'tter K v.t. & i. Strike
repeatedly so as to bruise or break (person, thing, or abs. ; also with
advv. about, down, in; & intr., b. at the door) ; operate against (walls
&c.) with artillery; (tig.) handle severely (theories, persons); beat out
of shape, indent; (Printing) deface (type) by use ; battering-charge,
full charge of powder for cannon ; battering-ram, swinging beam
anciently used for breaching walls, sometimes with ram's-head end ;
battering-train, set of siege guns. [f. obs. vb bat, cf. OF batre, + -er
(5)] battep 2, n. Mixture of ingredients beaten up with liquid for
cooking ; defect in printingtype or stereotype plate, [f. prec] battep
3, v.i. & n. (Have) receding slope from ground upwards (of walls
narrower at top). Iperh. F abattre depress] ba'ttepy, n. (Law)
infliction of blows, or of the least menacing touch to clothes or
person (esp. in phr. assault & &.); (Mil.) set of guns for combined
action with their men & horses, platform or fortification made to
contain guns, (fig.) turn a man's b. against himself (in argument) ;
(in various sciences & arts) set of similar or connected cells,
instruments, or utensils (electric, galvanic, optical, cooking) ;
hammered brass or copper vessels, [f. F batterie (battre strike, & see
-ery)] batting?, n. In vbl senses ; also, cotton fibre prepared in
sheets for quilts &c. [bat2 + -ING1] battle !, n. Combat, esp.
between large organized forces (general's b., decided by strategy or
tactics, soldier's b., by courage; pitched b., one fought by common
consent; b. royal, in which several combatants or all available forces
engage, free fight) ; victory (the b. is to the strong, youth is half the
b.) ; join, give, refuse, accept, offer, do, b. ; b.-axe, medieval
weapon ; b.-piece, picture or literary description of a battle-scene ;
line ofb., troops or ships drawn up to fight ; l.-of-b. ship (obs.), of 74
or more guns; b.-ship (mod.), adapted by armour for regular
engagement (opp. cruiser as l.-of-b. ship to frigate). [ME batayle f.
OF bataille f. LL battualia neut. pi. of adj. battualis f. battuere beat]
battle 2, v.i. Struggle with or against (difficulties, the waves, &c). [f.
F batailler (bataille = prec.)] battledore, n. Wooden instrument like
canoe paddle used in washing, baking, &c. ; wooden, stringed, or
parchmented bat used with shuttlecock in the game b. & shuttle70
BAZAAR cock, [from 1440 ; perh. f. Pr. batedor beater (batre beat +
-dor = -tor)] battlement, n. (usu. in pi.). Indented parapet (raised
parts, cops or merlons ; gaps, embrasures or crenelles) ; parapet &
enclosed roof. Hence battlementED 2 a. [f. OF batailles temporary
wooden turrets, batailler provide with these ; etym. dub. ; the F vb
was later identified with bastillier cf. bastille] battue (batoo', or as F),
n. Driving of game by beaters to the sportsmen's station ;
shootingparty on this plan ; wholesale slaughter. [F] bau'ble, n.
Showy trinket ; court fool's emblem, a stick with ass-eared head
carved on it ; trifle, toy, thing of no worth, [f. OF babel child's toy, &
perh. also partly f. ME babyll Sc vb bablyn flicker perh. f. bob 3]
baulk. See balk. bawbee, n. (Sc.) Halfpenny. [?] bawd, n. Procuress ;
obscene talk. [?] bawdy, a. & n. Obscene (talk); b. -house, brothel.
Hence bawdiNESS n. [f. prec] bawl, v.t. & i. Say, speak, in a noisy
way (often with out, also with at, against, &c). [f. med. L baidare
bark] bawn, n. Court of a castle ; cattlefold. [f. Ir. bdbhun etym.
dub.] bay K n. Kind of tree or shrub ; (pi.) wreath of its leaves worn
by conquerors or poets, heroic or poetic fame ; b.-rum, perfume
made from the leaves, [f. OF baie f. L baca berry] bay2, n. Part of
sea filling wide-mouthed opening of land ; recess in mountain range
; Bay-state, Massachusetts, [f. F baie f. LL baia perh. associated
with, but not from, badata in foil.] bay3, n. Division of wall between
columns or buttresses; recess (horse-b., stall; sickb., part of main
deck used as hospital) ; space added to room by advancing window
from wall line (b.-window, filling such space), [f. F baie OF baie ( = L
badata) f. bayer OF baer, beer, gape] bay4, n. Bark of large dog, of
hounds in pursuit, esp. the chorus raised as they draw close ; (in
phrr. lit. of hounds & quarry, fig. of persecutors & victim, applied to
the hunted animal) stand or be at, turn to, hold hounds &c. at, b.,
show fight; (applied to hounds) hold or have at, bring or drive to, b.,
come to close quarters (with quarry), [mixture of (1) OF tenir a bay
= It. tenere a bada hold agape or in suspense (see badata in prec.)
& (2) F etre aux abois be at (close quarters with) the barking (OF
abai)] bay 5, v.i. & t. (Of large dogs) bark ; bark at, esp. b. the
moon. [OF bayer (mod. aboyer) bark perh. f. LL badare gape] bay 6,
a. & n. Reddish-brown, (horse), [f. F bait. L badius] Bay'apd, n.
Chivalrous person. [French hero, 'chevalier sans peur et sans
reproche', 1475-1524] bayonet1, n. Stabbing blade attachable to
rifle-muzzle ; the b., or bb., military force ; (with prefixed number)
so many infantry (cf. sabre) ; Spanish b., a plant, species of Yucca,
[perh. f. Bayonne as made or first used there] bayonet2, v.t. Stab
with b. ; b. into, coerce by military force (or fig. by pressure) into. [f.
prec] bayou (bi'u), n. Marshy offshoot of river in southern N.
America, [f. F boyau gut f. L botulus sausage] bay-salt, n. Salt in
large crystals obtained by evaporation, [perh. = sea salt f. bay 2]
bazaar' (-zar), n. Oriental market ; fancy fair in imitation of this, esp.
sale of goods for
 BDELLIUM charities, [f. Pers. bazar prob. through Turk. &
It.] bdellium, n. Balsam-bearing tree ; its resin. [L, f. Gk bdellion
transl. of Heb. b'dolakh of uncertain meaning (carbuncle or crystal or
pearl)] be, v. substantive, copulative, & auxiliary (pres. ind., am, art,
is, pi. are ; past ind., was pr. woz, wast or xcert, xcas, pi. were pr.
war & wer ; pres. subj., be; past subj., were, exc. 2 sing, xcert;
imperat., be; part., being; p.p., been pr. ben. Isn't, xcasnt, aren't pi.,
xceren't, are legitimate in actual or printed talk; ain't, an't, for am
not is sometimes held vulgar ; ain't for is not, are not, is wrong). (1)
Vb sabst.: Exist, occur, live, (often with there ; God is, there is a God
; for the time being, temporarily) ; remain, continue, {let it be, do
not be long) ; (with advv. or adv. phrr.) occupy such a position,
experience such a condition, have gone to such a place, busy
oneself so, hold such a view, be bound for such a place, (is in the
garden, has been to Rome, be off, hoxo w he ?, xohat are you at?, I
am for tariff reform, for London) ; (with dat.) befall {woe is me). (2)
Vb cop. ; (with nouns, adjj., or adj. phrr.) belong under such a
description {I am a man, sick, of good coxirage) ; coincide in identity
with, amount to, cost, signify, (thou art the man, txcice txco is four,
it is nothing to me, xchat are these pears ?). (3) Vb ausc. : With p.p.
of trans, vbs forming passives (this xcas done) ; with p.p. of some
intr. vbs, as fall, come, groxc, forming perfects (the sun is set,
Babylon is fallen) ; with pres. part, act. forming continuous tenses
act. & pass, (he is building a house, the house xcas building); with
pres. part. pass, forming continuous tenses pass, (the house was
being built) ; with infln. expressing duty, intention, possibility, (I am
to inform you, he is to be there, the house is to let, he is to be
hanged, xt xcas not to be founa]) ; were with infin. in hypotheses (if
I xcere, or were I, to tell you). (4) Parts used as adjj., advv., nouns :
may-be, perhaps, a possibility ; the to-be, the future ; might-have-
beens, past possibilities ; xcould-be, that yearns, or fancies himself,
to be ; be-all, whole being, essence, [f. three vbs (1) Aryan es-, Gk,
L, & OTeut. es-, Skr. as-, to be ; (2) OTeut. xces-, Skr. vas-, remain ;
(3) Skr. bhu-, Gkphu-, lifu-, OTeut. beo-, become. From (1) come am
(cf. Gk esmi), art (cf. ON est, later ert), is, are (cf. OX erxim, L
sumxis, Gk esmes) ; from (2) come xcas, xcast, xcert, xcere ; from
(3) come be, being, been] be-, pref. f. OE be-, weak form of prep.
&adv. bi by, accented form of which appears in by -law, by-icord,
bygone, &c. The orig. meaning is about, which is variously
developed as in before (about the front), bespatter (spatter all
about), bespeak (speak about, making vbs trans.), bedevil (say devil
about), benight (bring night about), behead (take the head from
about), bejexcel (put jewels about). As new vbs are constantly
formed, & only the well-established or peculiar ones can be given,
the chief varieties are here numbered for reference : (1) Adding
notion of all over, all round, to trans, vb, as beset, besmear; (2)
adding notion of thoroughness, excess, to trans, vb, as bedrug,
bescorch ; (3) making intr. vbs trans., as bemoan, bestraddle ; (1)
forming trans, vbs = to make from adjj. & nouns as befoul, bedim,
bebishop ; (5) making trans, vbs = to call so & so from nouns, as
bedevil, bemadam ; (6) making trans, vbs = to surround with, to
affect with, 71 BEAN to treat in the manner of, from nouns as
becloud, beguile, befriend; (7) making adjj. in -ed 2, from nouns, as
bexvigged, befiagged, (usu. with some contempt). beach1, n. Water-
worn pebbles; sea-shore covered with these ; shore between high
&low watermark; b.-comber, long wave rolling in. Pacific-island
settler; b.-master, officer superintending disembarkation of troops;
b.-rest, chair-back for sitting against on b. [?] beach2, v.t. Run (ship,
boat) ashore, haul up. If. prec] bea'con l (-e-), n. Signal, signal-fire
on pole or hill ; signal station ; conspicuous hill (in names) ;
lighthouse ; guide or warning. [OE biacn f. OTeut. bauknom cf.
beckon] bea'con 2, v.t. Give light to, guide ; supply (district) with
beacons, [f. prec. J bead.1, n. (Orig.) prayer. Small perforated ball
for threading with others on string, used in counting one's prayers
(tell one's bb. ) ; the same used for ornament ; drop of liquid,
bubble ; small knob in fore-sight of gun (draxo a b. on. take aim at)
; (Arch.) moulding like a bead series, or small one of semicircular
section ; b.-roll, list of names, long series, (orig. of persons to be
prayed for) ; beadsman, pensioner bound to pray for benefactor,
almsman. [ME bede f. OE gebed (or *bedxi) prayer, see bid x]
bead2, v.t. & i. Furnish with bb. ; string together ; form or grow into
bb. [f. prec] bea'ding*, n. In vbl senses; also, a bead moulding,
[bead 1 ; see -ing x] bea'dle, n. Apparitor of trades guild or
company; parish officer appointed by vestry. Hence bea'dlesHiP n.
[OE bydel f. OTeut. bxidiloz f. biudan announce] bea'dledom, n.
Stupid officiousness. [-DOM] bea'dy, a. (Of eyes) small & bright ;
covered with beads or drops, [bead l] bea'gle, n. Small dog tracking
by scent formerly used in hare-hunting ; spy, bailiff, &c. [perh. f. F
M-guexde open throat (beer gape)] beak1, n. Bird's bill (esp. in birds
of prey, & when strong & hooked) ; similar mandibleend of other
animals, as turtle ; hooked nose ; projection at prow of ancient war-
ship ; spout. Hence beakED2 a. [f. F bee f. LL beccus of Gaulish
origin] beak 2, n. (slang). Magistrate. [?] bea'ker, n. Large drinking-
cup ; lipped glass vessel for scientific experiments. [ME biker cf. G
becher perh. f. med. L bicarixim perh. f. Gk bikos] beam 2, n. Long
piece of squared timber in house or ship building; cylinders in loom
on which warp & cloth are wound ; chief timber of plough ; bar of
balance (kick the b., prove the lighter, be defeated) ; shank of
anchor ; lever in engine connecting piston rod & crank ; (pi.)
horizontal cross-timbers of ship supporting deck & joining sides
(starboard, larboard, b., right & left sides, as land on I. b. &c.) ; =
ship's breadth {on her b.-ends, on her side, almost capsizing, fig. in
danger, »
 BEAN-FEAST 72 BEAUTIFUL similar seed of other plants, as
coffee ; full of\ bb., b.-fed, in high spirits. [OE Man; com.Teut., cf. G.
bohne, & perh. If aba] bea'n-feast, n. Employer's annual dinner to
workpeople. [?] bear1 (har), n. Heavy partly carnivorous thick-furred
plantigrade quadruped ; rough unmannerly person, whence
beap'iSH1 a., bear'ishNESS n. ; Great, Little, B., northern
constellations ; (St. Exch.) speculator for a fall, one who sells stock
for future delivery hoping to buy it cheap meanwhile, & therefore
tries to bring prices down (cf. bull, & see foil.). B.'s-breech, acanthus
; B.'s-foot, kinds of hellebore ; b.-garden, scene of tumult; b.'s-
grease, pomade; bearskin, (wrap &c.) of b.'s skin, Guards' tall furry
cap; b.-leader, travelling tutor. [OE Mr a ; com.-Teut., cf. G bar, &
perh. liferus wild] bear2, v.i. & t. (St. Exch.). Speculate for a fall ;
produce fall in price of (stocks &c). [f. prec, perh. w. ref. to selling
the b.'s skin before killing the b.] beap3 (bar), v.t. & i. (bore, borne
or born, see below*). (1) Carry (poet, or formal, exc. in the senses
or contexts following) : b. or 6. away, win (the palm, bell, prize) ;
carry visibly, show, be known by, (banner, device, arms, the marks
of, name, relation or ratio to ; b. oneself Well &c., behave) ; bring at
need (b. xoitness, company ; b. a hand, help) ; wield (office, rule) ;
carry internally (b. a grudge ; b. in mind, remember) ; wear (b.
arms, the sword) ; b. out, confirm ; M borne away (by external force
or influence, or internal impulse) ; is borne in upon one, becomes
one's conviction. (2) Sustain (weight, responsibility, cost ; b. a part
in, share) ; stand (test &c), endure (grin & b. it), tolerate, put up
with (cannot b. him), whence beap'ABLE a. ; be capable of
upholding weight (ice bears); b. with, treat forbearingly ; b. up,
(trans.) uphold, (intr.) not despair ; borne on the books of, paid by.
(3) Thrust, strive, apply weight, tend, (b. doum, overthrow ; b. hard
on, oppress ; b. upon, be relevant to ; bring to b., apply ; b. to the
right, away, off, incline ; b. down, swoop ; b. up, bring ship into
direction of wind ; b. up for, change ship's course so as to sail
towards. (4) Produce, yield, give birth to. *The p.p. is borne, exc.
that born is used in pass, parts referring to human & other mammal
birth ; even then borne is used before by with the mother (has
borne a child ; born 1901 ; born of, borne by, Eve). [Aryan ; OE,
OHG, beran, cf. Gk pher-, lifer-] beard1, n. Hair of lower face
(excluding usu. the moustache, & sometimes the whiskers) ; chin
tuft of animals ; gills of oyster ; attachment threads of some shellfish
; beakbristles of birds ; awn of grasses ; Old-Man's B., = Traveller's
Joy. Hence beap'dED2, beap'dLESS, aa., beap'dlessNESS n.
[com.Teut., cf. G bart] beard2, v.t. Oppose openly, defy. [f. prec]
beap'ep, n. Person or thing that carries ; part-carrier of coffin ;
(India) palanqiiin-carrier, domestic servant ; bringer of letters or
message, presenter of cheque ; (with adj. good &c.) plant &c. that
produces well &c. [bear 3+-er ]] beap'ing", n. In vbl senses ; also or
esp. : behaviour ; heraldic charge or device ; relation, aspect,
(consider it in all its bb. ; what is the b. of this on the argument?);
(pi.) parts of machine that bear the friction ; direction in which a
place &c. lies, (pi.) relative positions (have lost my &&., do not know
where I am) ; b.-rein, fixed rein from bit to saddle, forcing horse to
arch its neck, [bear 3, -ing x] beast, n. Animal ; quadruped ;
(Farming) bovine animal, esp. fatting-cattle (collect, pi. beast) ;
animal for riding or driving ; brutal man ; person that one dislikes ;
The B., Antichrist ; the b., the animal nature in man. [f. OF beste f. L
bestia] bea'stliness, n. Gluttony, drunkenness, obscenity ; disgusting
food or drink, [f. foil.] foea'stly \ a. Like a beast or its ways ; unfit for
human use, dirty; (colloq.) undesirable. [-LY M bea'stly2, adv.
(slang). (Intensifying adjj. & advv. used in bad sense ; cf. jolly) very,
regrettably, (b. drunk, wet, raining b. hard). [-LY2] beat1, v.t. & i.
(past beat; p.p. beaten, but beat in dead-beat, often in sense
surpassed, & sometimes in other senses). Strike repeatedly (t. & i. ;
b. the breast, in mourning ; b. black & blue, bruise ; b. the air, strive
in vain ; b. at door, knock loudly ; b. path, make it by trampling),
inflict blows on, (of sun, rain, wind) strike (upon something, or abs.)
; overcome, surpass (b. holloiv, easily), be too hard for, perplex ;
move up & down (t. & i. of wings) ; move rhythmically (heart &c.
beats, b. time, seconds, &c.) ; shift, drive, alter, deform, by blows (b.
down, back, away, off; b. in, crush ; b. down price or seller, cheapen
or bargain with ; 6. up eggs &c, reduce to froth, powder, paste ; b.
or b. out metal, forge) ; (Naut.) b. tip, aboid, strive, tack, against
wind ; strike (bushes, water) to rouse game (b. about the bush,
approach subject slowly, shillyshally ; b. up recruits &c, collect; 6. up
the quarters of, visit ; b. one's brains, search for ideas ; b. the
bounds, mark parish boundaries by striking certain points with rods)
; play the drum (b. a parley, a retreat, propose terms, retire). [OE
Matan ; com.-Teut., cf. ON bauta f. OTeut. baidan] beat2, n. Stroke
on drum, signal so given ; movement of conductor's baton ;
measured sequence of strokes or sounds ; throbbing ; sentinel's or
constable's appointed course ; one's habitual round ; sportsman's
range, [f. prec] bea'ten, a. In vbl senses ; also or esp. : worn hard,
trite ; shaped by the hammer ; exhausted, dejected, [p.p. of beat1]
bea'tep, n. In vbl senses ; esp. : man employed to rouse game ;
implement for beating flat. [BEATi-f-ER1] beati'fie. a. Making
blessed, [f. L beatificus (beatus p.p. of be- re bless, & see -fic)] *
bea'tifiea'tion, n. Making or being blessed; (R.-C.Ch.) first step to
canonization, announcement that dead person is in bliss. [F, f. L
beatificare (prec), -ation] bea'tify, v.t. Make happy ; (R.-C.Ch.)
announce as in prec. [f. L (prec, -FY)] bea'ting", n. In vbl senses ;
esp. : a chastisement ; a defeat, [f. beat l] bea'titude, n.
Blessedness; (pi.) the blessings in Matt. v. 3-11. [F, f. L beatitudo
(beatus see beatific, -tude)] beau (bo), n. (pi. beaux, pr. boz). Fop ;
lady's-man, lover. [OF, f. L bellus pretty perh. — *benlus dim. cf.
bene, bonus good] beau ide'al (bo), n. One's highest type of
excellence or beauty. [F (-£al), = the ideal Beautiful (often
misconceived in E as a beautiful ideal) ; see prec & ideal a.] beau
monde (bo mawnd), n. Fashionable society. [F| Beaune (bon), n. A
red Burgundy wine. beau'teous (bu-), a. Beautiful (poet). [ME Mute
BEAUTY + -OUS] beau'tiful, a. Delighting the eye or ear,
 BEAUTIFY 7 gratifying any taste, (b. face, voice, soup,
batting) ; morally or intellectually impressive, charming, or
satisfactory (b. patience, organization, specimen). Hence beairtifulLY
2 adv. [BEAUTY + _-FUL] beairtify (bu-), v.t. Make beautiful ; adorn.
Hence beau'tifiER1 (1, 2) n. [beauty + -fy] beau'ty (bu-), n.
Combination of qualities, as shape, proportion, colour, in human face
or form, or in other objects, that delights the sight ; combined
qualities delighting the other senses, the moral sense, or the intellect
; a b., beautiful person or thing (often ironical) ; beautiful women ; a
beautiful trait or feature, ornament, {that's the b. of it, the particular
point that gives satisfaction) ; b.-sleep, before midnight ; b.-spot,
small patch placed on lady's face as foil to complexion, beautiful
scene. [ME bealte, beute, f. OF bealte, beaute, f. L bellus pretty ; see
beau, -ty] beaux yeux (F), n. Beauty ; charms. bea*vep l, n.
Amphibious broad-tailed softfurred rodent, building huts and dams ;
its fur ; hat of this. [OE beofor = LG bever, G biber, L fiber ;
reduplicated f. Aryan bhru- brown] bea'ver2, n. Lower face-guard of
helmet. [ME & OF baviere bib (bare saliva)] bea'verteen, n. Cotton
twilled cloth with pile of loops, [f. beaver l after velveteen] becal'm (-
ahm), v.t. (1) Make calm (sea &c). (2) Deprive (ship) of wind. [(1)
be-(2)+calm v., (2) be-(6) 4- calm n.] becau'se (-6z, -awz), adv. and
conj. For the reason {that & clause, archaic) ; by reason, on
account, {of & noun) ; for the reason that, inasmuch as, since, [by
prep. + cause n. ; the conj. use arises by omission of that]
beeeafi'eo (-fe-), n. Small migrant bird eaten in Italy. [It. {beccare
peck +Jico fig)] be'chamel (besh-j, n. Kind of white sauce,
[inventor's name] beche-de-mer (F), n. Sea-slug, a Chinese dainty.
beck \ n. Brook, mountain stream, (northern word), [f. ON bekkr cf.
G bach] beck2, n. Significant gesture, nod, &c. ; the order implied
{have at one's b., be at person's 6. & call, Sf entire dominion &
obedience), [f. foil.] beck3, v.t. & i. Make mute signal, signal mutely
to, (poet.), [shortened f. beckon] be'eket, n. (naut.). Contrivance for
securing loose ropes, tackle, or spars, (rope-loop, hook, bracket,
&c). [?] be'ekon, v.t. & i. Summon, call attention of, by gesture ;
make mute signal. [OE biecnan f. OTeut. baukno- beacon] beclou'd,
v.t. Cover with clouds; obscure. [be-(6) + cloud n.] beco'me (-um),
v.i. & t. (-came, -come). Come into being ; what has b. of (happened
to) him ? (copulative) begin to be (followed by n., adj., or adj. phr.) ;
suit, befit, adorn, look well on, whence beco'miNG2 a.,
beeo*ming,LY2adv., beeo'ming'NESS n. [OE becuman {BE-+cuman
come) arFive, attain, happen; com.-Teut., cf. G bekommen] bed \ n.
1. Thing to sleep on, mattress (feather b. &c), frame- work with
mattress & coverings ; animal's resting place, litter ; (elliptical for)
use of b., being in b. ; 6. and board, entertainment, connubial
relations; narrow b., the grave ; b. ofdown,fioivers, roses, easy
position ; b. of sickness, invalid state ; brought to b., in child-birth,
of child or abs. ; die in one's b., of natural causes ; go to b., retire
for the night ; I BEDOUIN take to, keep, one's b., become, be, ill ;
make the b., arrange the coverings ; lie in the b. one has made, take
consequences of one's acts ; bedchamber (archaic exc. of royal, as
Groom, Lady, &c, of the b.-c), bedroom; b.-clothcs, sheets, pillows,
&c, of b. ; bedfellow, sharer of b., associate; bedgoion, woman's
nightdress, northern woman's short jacket ; b.-key, wrench for
(un)fastening bedstead ; bedmaker, (wo)man tending college rooms
at Oxf. & Camb. ; b.-pan, invalid's chamber utensil for use in b. ;
bedpost, upright support of b. (in twinkling of bedpost, prob. transf.
f. bedstajf, loose cross-piece of old bedsteads often used as handy
weapon ; between you & me & the bedpost, in confidence) ;
be'drid(den), confined to b. by infirmity, decrepit, [OE bedreda (rida
rider), -en by confusion w. p.p.] ; bedroom, for sleeping in ; b.-side,
side of esp. invalid's b. (good b.-s. manner, of tactful doctors) ;
bedsore, developed in invalid by lying in b. ; b.-spread, coverlet ;
bedstead, framework of b. ; bedstraw, kinds of plant, esp. (Our)
Lady's b.-s. ; bedtick, quadrangular bag holding feathers &c. for b. ;
bedtime, hour for going to b. 2. Flat base on which anything rests ;
garden plot filled with plants, swamp with osiers ; bottom of sea,
river, &c. (b.-rock, solid rock underlying alluvial deposits &c, fig.
ultimate facts or principles of a theory, character, &c.) ; foundation of
road or railway ; slates &c. of billiard table ; central part of gun-
carriage ; stratum ; layer of oysters &c. [com.-Teut., cf. G bett perh.
f. Aryan bhodhwhence Lifodere dig] bed2, v.t. & i. Put or go to bed
(poet, or archaic exc. of horses &c.) ; plant (esp. b. out) ; cover up
or fix firmly in something; arrange as, be or form, a layer, [f. prec]
beda'bble, v.t. Stain, splash, with dirty liquid, blood, &c. [be-(1) +
dabble] beda'd, int. (Irish &c. for) by gad1. bedau'b, v.t. Smear with
paint &c. ; bedizen. [be-(1) + daub v.] be'dder, n. In vbl senses ;
also, plant suited for flower-bed. [-er *] be'dding, n. In vbl senses ;
also : mattress, bedclothes, &c. ; litter for cattle ; bottom layer;
(Geol.) stratification, [-ing1] bede'ck, v.t. Adorn. [be-(1) + deck v.]
be'deg'uap (-gar), n. Mosslike excrescence on rose-bush produced
by insect's puncture, [f. F bedeguar f. Pers. badawar wind-brought]
be'del(l), n. Official at Oxf.- & Camb. with duties chiefly processional.
[= beadle] bede'vil, v.t. (-11-, -1-). Treat with diabolical violence or
abuse ; possess, bewitch ; spoil, confound ; call devil. [be-(5, 6) +
devil n.] foede'vilment, n. Possession by devil ; maddening trouble,
confusion, [prec. + -ment] bedew*, v.t. Cover with drops, sprinkle.
[be-(6) + dew] bedig'h't, v.t. (past and p.p. bedight). Array, adorn,
(archaic ; usu. in p.p.). [be-(1) + dight] bedi'm, v.t. (-mm-). Make
(eyes, mind) dim. [be-(4)_+dim a.] bedf'zen, v.t. Dress out gaudily.
[be-(2) + dizen] be'dlam, n. Hospital of St Mary of Bethlehem used
as lunatic asylum ; any madhouse ; scene of uproar, [f. Bethlehem ;
hospital founded as priory 1247, converted to asylum 15471
be'dlamite, n. & a. Lunatic, [-ite 1 (1)] bedouin (beddbe'n), n. & a.
(Arab) of the desert, wandering ; gipsy. [F, f. Arab, badawin pi. of
badawiy dweller in the desert (badw desert) ; -n is prop, the pi.
sign] For compounds of be- not given consult be-.
 BEDRABBLED ] bedpa'bbled, a. Dirty with rain and mud.
[be-(D, & see drabble] b ed pa *ggl e, v. t. "Wet (dress &c. ) by
trailing it, or so that it trails or hangs limp. [be-(1) + draggle] bee,
n. Four-winged stinging social insect (queen, drones, & workers)
producing wax & honey; allied insects (Humble, Mason, Carpenter,
B., &c); poet; busy worker; meeting for combined work or
amusement (chiefly U.S., exc. spelling-b.) ; have a b. in one's
bonnet, be mad on some point ; b.-bread, (honey &) pollen used as
food by bb. ; b.-eater, kinds of foreign bird ; fteemvE ; b.-line,
straight between two places; b.-master, -mistress, keepers of bb. ; B.
orchis, with b. -shaped flowers; b.-skep, straw hive ; bees-wax,
secreted by bb. as comb material, (v.t.) polish with this. [OE beo ;
com.-Teut., cf. G biene pern. f. Aryan bhif ear, quiver] beech, n.
Smooth-barked glossy-leaved mast-bearing forest tree; its wood; b.-
fern, kind of polypody ; beechmast, fruit of b. Hence bee'ehEN 5 a.
[OE boece, bece, cf. G buche ; com.-Teut. & cf. Gkphagos, phegos,
Lifagus] beef, n. (pi. -res). Flesh of ox, bull, or cow ; (in men) size,
muscle ; (usu. pi.) ox(en), esp. fattened, or their carcases ;
beefeater, yeoman of guard, warder of Tower of London, (f. obs.
sense dependant) ; b.-tea, stewed b. juice for invalids; 6ee/STEAK;
b.-ioood, red timber of various trees, [f. OF boef f. L bovem nom.
60s ox= Gk bous, Skr. go-, & E cow] bee'fy, a. Like beef; solid,
muscular; stolid. Hence bee'fixESS n. [-Y2] Beelzebub (bielzi-), n.
The Devil ; a devil. [L, f. Gk beelzeboub f. Heb. ba'alz'bub fly-lord]
been. See be. beer \ n. Alcoholic liquor from fermented malt &c.
flavoured with hops &c, including ale (pale) and porter (dark) ; other
fermented drinks, as nettle-b. ; ginger-6. ; small b. (lit.) weak b.,
(fig.) trifling matters (think no small b. of, have high opinion of) ; b.-
engine, for drawing b. at a distance ; beerhouse, licensed for b., not
spirits ; b.-money, servant's allowance in lieu of b. ; b.-pull, handle of
b.-engine. [OE beor; com.-WG, cf. G bier ; etym. dub.] beep 2, n.
One of the ends (so many threads) into which a warp is divided. [=
bier, cf. porter in same sense in Scotland] beep'y, a. Of, like, beer;
esp., betraying influence of beer. [-Y2] bee'stings, n. pi. First milk
after parturition, [f. obs. beest OE beost, com.-WG, cf. G biest; etym.
dub.] bee'swing (-z-), n. Second crust in longkept port ; old wine,
[bee + wing, from its filmy look] beet, n. Two plants with succulent
root, Red B. used for salad, White B. for sugarmaking; beetroot, root
of b. [OE Mte f. L beta] bee'tle1, n., & v.t. Tool with heavy head &
handle for ramming, crushing, smoothing, &c. (vb, beat with this) ;
three-man b., requiring three to lift it; b.-brain &c, blockhead. [OE
bietel f. OTeut. bautiloz f. bautan beat1 ; see -le(1)] bee*tle2, n.
Insect having upper wings converted to hard wing-cases (pop. only
of the black and large varieties, also wrongly of insects like them, as
the black-b. or cockroach ); short-sighted person (cf. b.-eyed, blind
as a &.). [OE bitula biter f. bitan bite ]] bee'tle3, a. Projecting,
shaggy, scowling, (b. brows, b.-broxved). [prob. f. prec w. ref. to
tufted antennae of some beetles] I BEGIN bee'tle4, v.i. Overhang (of
brows, cliffs), hang threateningly (of fate &c). [f. prec] beeves. See
beef. befa'll (-awl), v.t. &L (-fell, -fallen). Happen ; happen to
(person &c). [OE befallan f. be-(2)+ fallan fall ; cf. G befallen] befrt,
v.t. (-tt-). Suit, be fitted for ; be incumbent on ; be right. Hence
befi'ttiNG2 a,, befi'ttingLY 2 adv. [be-(2) + fit v.] befo'g, v.t. (-gg-).
Envelop in fog; obscure. [be-(6) + fog n.] befoo'l, v.t. Dupe. [be-(5)
+ fool n.] before*, adv., prep., & conj. (1) Adv. : ahead (go b.) ; on
the front (b. & behind); previous to time in question, already, in the
past, (longb.). (2) Prep. : in front of (b. the mast, of common sailors
berthed forward), ahead of ; under the impulse of (b. the wind,
recoil b., carry all b. you) ; in presence of (appear b. judge, bow b.
authority ; b. God = as God sees me ; the question b. 11s) ;
awaiting (world all b. them) ; earlier than (b. Christ, usu. abbr. b.c.,
appended to dates reckoned backwards from birth of Christ) ; this
side the coming of (future event) ; farther on than ; rather than
(would die b. lying). (3) Conj. ; previous to the time when ; rather
than (would die b. I lied). [OE beforan (be- +foran adv. f . OTeut.
fora for)] befope'hand, adv. In anticipation, in readiness ; be b. with,
anticipate, forestall ; b. with the world, having money in hand, [orig.
two wds ; sense-development doubtful] befou'l, v.t. Make foul (lit. or
fig.) ; b. one's oxen nest1. [be-(4) + foul] befpie'nd, v.t. Help,
favour. [be-(6) + friend n.] beg, v.t. & i. Ask for (food, money, &c);
(abs.) ask alms; ask (for alms &c.) ; live by alms ; ask earnestly or
humbly (thing, for thing, of person, person to do, of person to do,
that something maybe done); (in formal and courteous phrr.) b.
pardon, leave; b. off, get person excused penalty &c. ; b. the
qxiestion, assume the truth of matter in dispute ; go (a-)begging (of
situations, opportunities, &c), find no accepter, [perh. shortened f. F
beguiner be a beghard or btgxrin, lay brother of mendicant order
named f. Lambert Begue] bega'd, int. - by God (in fam. speech).
bege't, v.t. (-tt-, -got, -gotten). Procreate (usu. of father, sometimes
of father and mother, cf. bear-*); give rise to, occasion. Hence
bege'ttER l n. [OE & Goth, begitan ; see be-(2) & get] be'ggap1, n.
One who begs ; one who lives by begging ; poor man or woman ;
(depreciatingly) fellow; (playfully) little b., youngster &c. ; a good b.
( = begger), good at collecting for charities &c. [perh. = beghard
see beg & -ard] be'ggap 2, v.t. Reduce to poverty ; outshine, reduce
to silence (b. descrijition) ; b.-myneighbour, card game. [f. prec]
be'ggaply, a. Indigent ; intellectually poor ; mean, sordid. Hence
be'ggapliNESS n. [beggar 1 + -ly a] be'ggapy, n. Extreme poverty. [-
Y l] begl'n, v.t. & i. (-nn-, began, begun). Commence (to do, doing,
work &c, or abs. ; in pass, sense either it has begun to be done, or it
has beenbegun) ; be the first to do something ; take the first step ;
start speaking ; 6. at, start from ; b. with, take first ; to b. with, in
the first place ; b. upon, set to work at; come into being, arise ;
have its commencement, nearest boundary, &c, (at some point in
space or time) ; b. the xvorld, start in life. [com.-WG ; OE beginnan
cf. G & Du. beginnen (be- + ginnan
 BEGINNER | perh. = 0E ginan gape f. Aryan ghi- open cf. L
hiare)] begi*nnep,n. In vbl senses ; also, tiro, [-ER1] begi'nning", n.
In vbl senses ; also or esp. : time at which anything begins ; source,
origin ; first part ; the b. of the end, first clear sign of final result, [-
ing*1 (1)] begir'd, v.t. (-irt). Gird round or encircle. [be-(1) + gird]
bego'ne (-a\vn, -on), vb imperat. = be gone (more peremptory than
go). beg'O'nia, n. Kinds of plant with coloured perianths but no
petals. [Alichel Begon c. 1680] beg*ot(ten). See beget. begri'me, v.t.
Soil deeply. [be-(6)+grime] begru'dgre, v.t. Feel or show
dissatisfaction at (thing), envy (one) the possession of. [BE-(2) +
GRUDGE V.] begui'le (-gil), v.t. Delude ; cheat (person of, out of, or
into doing) ; charm, amuse; divert attention from (toil, passage of
time). Hence begui'lER l, begut'leMENT, nn. [be-(2) + obs. vb guile,
see guile] beguinage (be'ginahzh), n. House of beguines. [f oil. + -
age] be guine (-gen), n. Member of Netherlands lay sisterhood not
bound by vows. [Lambert Begue, founder 1180] be'gum, n. Hindoo
queen or lady of high rank. [Hind, begam f. East Turk, bigim fern, of
big prince (Osmanli bey)] behal'f (-ahf), n. (Only in phrr. ' on or in
my &c. b.\ 'on or in 's b.', 'on or in b. of ') on the part of, on account
of, (a person) ; in the interest of (person or principle &c. ). [mixture
of earlier phrr. on his halve & bihalve him, either = on his side ; see
half] beha've, v.i. & refl. (Intr., usu. with adv.) conduct oneself , act,
(rarely abs., esp. to or of children) conduct oneself with propriety, b.
towards, treat (icell &c); (refl., usu. of or to children, & usu. without
adv.) show good manners ; (of machines &c, intr. or refl.) work
{well, badly, &c.) ; behaved p.p. (with well-, ill-), having good, bad,
manners or conduct. [be-(2) -f have] beha'vioup, n. Deportment,
manners; moral conduct, treatment shown to or towards others ; be
on one's good b., do one's best under probation ; way in which ship,
machine, substance, &c, acts or works, [f. prec, the ending due to
confusion w. obs. aver, havour, havyoure, possession, = F avoir]
behea'd, v.t. Cut the head from ; kill in that way. [OE behea^dian f.
be- (from) about + heafod head n.] behemoth (bihe'- or bei-), n.
Enormous creature, [perh. Egyptian p-ehc-mau water-ox
(hippopotamus) assimilated to Heb. pi. (of dignity) of b'hemah
beast, see Job xl. 15] behe'st, n. Command (poet.). [OE behxs cf.
behatan later behight to command, & G h e isse n] behi'nd, adv.,
prep., & n. In or to the rear (of), on the further side (of), hidden
(by), at one's back, towards what was one's rear, further back in
place or time (than), past in relation to, too late, in concealment, in
reserve, in support of, in an inferior position (to), under the defence
of, in the tracks of, outdone (by), in arrear (with) ; (n.) the posterior.
Phrr. : stay, leave, b., after others', one's own, departure or death;
fall b., not keep up; b. the scenes, in private ; put b. one, refuse to
consider; go b. one's icorde &c, look for secret motives on his part ;
b, one's back, I BELIE without his knowledge ; b. time, unpunctual ;
b. the times, antiquated. [OE behindan (be- -f h indan = G hinten f.
hind- hinds + -ana from)] behindhand, adv. & pred. a, In arrear (
with payments &c.) ; out of date, behind time ; ill-provided (with),
[prec. -f hand, cf. beforehand] beho'ld, v.t. (beheld). See, become
aware of by sight ; (abs. in imperat.) take notice, attend. Hence
beho'ldER1 n. [OE bihaldan f. be-(2) + haldan hold v. keep (in view)]
beho'lden, pred. a. Under obligation (to). [p.p. (obs. exc. in this use)
of prec. = bound] behoo'f, n. (In phrr. to, for, on b., or the b., of)
use, advantage. [OE bihof in bihof-lic useful cf. G behuft. OTeut.
bihafjan (be- + hafjan heave cf. L caper e take)] beho've, -hoo've,
v.t. impers. Be incumbent on (person) to (do something). [OE
bihojianf. bihof see prec] beige (bazh), n. Kinds of dress-material
made of undyed and unbleached wool. [F, = natural-coloured, grey
or brown, cf. It. bigio] be'ing1, n. In vbl senses ; also or esp. :
existence [in b., existing) ; constitution, nature, essence; anything
that exists (the Supreme B., God) ; a person, [be, -ing 1, 2]
bela'boup, v.t. Thrash (lit. & fig.). [be-(3) + labour v. (exert one's
strength upon)] bela'ted, a. Overtaken by darkness ; coming too
late. [p.p. of obs. belate f. be-(4) + lateI belau'd, v.t. Load with
praise. [be-(2)+ LAUD V.] belay, v.t. Coil (running rope) round cleat
&c. to secure it ; (sailor's slang in imperat. ) stop !, enough ! ; belay
ing-pin, fixed wooden or iron pin for belaying on. [OE belecgan cf. G
belegen f. be-(1) + lecgan lay 3 = lay round] belch i (-tsh), v.i. & t.
Emit wind noisily from throat ; utter noisily or drunkenly (abusive,
blasphemous, or foul talk) ; (of gun or volcano) send out or up. [OE
bealcian cf. Du. balken bray] belch2, n. Eructation; sound of gun,
volcano ; burst of flame, [f. prec] be'lehep (-tsh-), n. Parti-coloured
neckerchief. [Jim B., pugilist] be'ldam, -dame, n. Old woman, hag ;
virago, [earlier = grandmother f. bel- (cf. obs. belsire, & see beau)
expressing relationship + dam mother] belea'g-uep (-eger), v.t.
Besiege (lit. & fig.), [f. Du. belegeren camp round f. be-(6) + leger a
camp] be'lemnite, n. Tapering sharp-pointed fossil bone of extinct
cuttlefish, [f. Gk belemnon dart + -ite i (2)] bet esprit' (-re), n. (pi.
beaux esprits pr. boz espre). A wit. [F] be'lfpy, n. Bell tower,
attached or separate ; bell space in church tower. Hence be'lfpiED 2
a. [by dissim. f. OF berfrei f. LL *berefridus f. Teut. (MHG bercvrit
prob. f. bergen shelter & OHG fridu peace); orig. sense, shed or
tower for cover in besieging] Belgian, a, & n. (Native) of Belgium, [-
an] Be'lg-ic, a. Of the Netherlands ; of the ancient Belgae. [f. L
Belgicus (Belgae, -ic)] Belgra'vian, a. Of, suited to, Belgravia,
fashionable London district, [f. Belgrave Square f. ground landlord's
Belgrave, Leics.] Be'lial, n. The devil ; the spirit of evil ; man of B.,
reprobate, [f. Heb. b'li-yaal (b'li not + yaal use) worthlessness]
belie*, v.t, (-lying). Give false notion of ; fail For compounds of be-
not given consult be-.
 BELIEF to act up to (promise &c.) ; fail to justify (hope &c.)
[OE beUogan f. be-(3) + Uogan lie] belief, n. Trust or confidence (in)
; acceptance of the Christian theology ; acceptance as true or
existing (of any fact, statement, &c. ; in. or of, with nn., that with
clause); thing believed, religion, opinion, intuition ; The B., Apostles'
Creed. [ME bileafe (be- + OE Uafa shortened f. ge-leafa cf. G glaube
I. OTeut. galaub- dear)] believe, v.t. & i. Have faith xn, trust word of,
(person) ; put trust in truth of a statement, efficacy of a principle,
system, machine, &c, existence of anything ; give credence to
(person, statement, &c, or thatclause) ; be of opinion that ; make b.,
pretend. Hence belie'VABLE a., belie'VER1 n., belie'viNG2 a. [ME
bileven f. be- + OE geUfan cf. G glauben f. OTeut. as prec] beli'ke,
adv. Probably, perhaps, (often iron.). [6e- = BY prep. + like a. (by
what is likely)] beli'ttle, v.t. Make small, dwarf ; depreciate. [be-(4)
+ little] bell 1, n. Hollow body of cast metal in deep cup shape
widening at lip made to emit musical sound when struck; (Naut.)
one to eight bb., half hours of watch ; b. -shaped object, as flower
corolla (blue1, canterbury, B.). Bear, carry away, the b., be first, win;
b., book, & candle, in allusion to eccles. cursing formula ; sound,
clear, as a b., quite sound or clear (in other senses besides the
acoustic) ; b.-bird, Brazilian and Austral, kinds with b.-like note ; b.-
buoy, with warning b. rung by waves' motion; b.-Jlower, any plant of
genus Campanula; b.-fouiider, -founding, -foundry, caster, casting, &
manufactory, of bb. ; b.glass, b. -shaped as cover for plants ; b.-
hanger, artisan who puts up bb. & wires ; b.-metal, alloy of copper &
tin (more tin than in bronze) for bb. ; b.-pull, cord or handle
attached to b.wire ; b.-wether, leading sheep of flock with b. on
neck, ringleader. [OE belle, com.-LG cf. Du. bel] bell2, v.t. Furnish
with bell(s); 6. the cat, take the danger of a common enterprise on
oneself (fable of mice & cats), [f. prec] bell3, n., & v.i. (Make the) cry
of stag or buck at rutting-time. [OE bellan cf. G bellen bark]
bellado'nna, n. (Bot.) Deadly Nightshade ; (Med.) drug prepared
from this. [mod. L f. It., = fair lady, pern, because a cosmetic is
made from it] belle, n. Handsome woman ; reigning beauty {the b.
of any place). [F, f. L bella fern, of bellus pretty see beau] belles-
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