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Chapter 1: Introduction To Computers: Topic: What Is A Computer?

Chapter 1 introduces computers as electronic devices that process data through the IPO cycle (Input, Processing, Output) and highlights their characteristics such as speed, accuracy, and multitasking. It differentiates computers from calculators, emphasizing their ability to perform complex tasks and store data. The chapter also outlines the main components of a computer system, including hardware, software, and users, and explains the roles of input, output, and processing devices.

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Zobaida Khatun Julie
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26 views3 pages

Chapter 1: Introduction To Computers: Topic: What Is A Computer?

Chapter 1 introduces computers as electronic devices that process data through the IPO cycle (Input, Processing, Output) and highlights their characteristics such as speed, accuracy, and multitasking. It differentiates computers from calculators, emphasizing their ability to perform complex tasks and store data. The chapter also outlines the main components of a computer system, including hardware, software, and users, and explains the roles of input, output, and processing devices.

Uploaded by

Zobaida Khatun Julie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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📘 Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

Topic: What is a Computer?

1. What is a computer? Explain with examples.

A computer is an electronic device that takes input (data), processes it, and gives output (results).
It works very fast and can store a large amount of information.

Examples:

 Your mobile phone is a type of computer.


 A desktop computer you use at school or home.
 An ATM that gives you money is also a computer.

It follows the IPO cycle:

 Input → Processing → Output

2. How is a computer different from a calculator?

A calculator can only do simple math (add, subtract, multiply, divide). It has a small memory
and can’t store programs.

A computer can do many types of tasks:

 Run software like MS Word, games, or browsers.


 Store pictures, videos, files.
 Connect to the internet.
 Do complex calculations.

Example:

 A calculator can solve 23+45.


 A computer can write a report, edit photos, and also do math.

3. Describe the characteristics of a computer.

Main characteristics:

1. Speed – Computers work very fast.


2. Accuracy – They give correct results if the input is correct.
3. Automation – Once started, they work automatically.
4. Storage – They can store lots of data.
5. Multitasking – Can do many jobs at once.
6. Diligence – Never gets tired like humans.
7. Communication – Can share data through the internet.

4. Define and differentiate between data and information.

 Data is raw facts and figures. Example: 80, 90, 75.


 Information is when data is organized or processed to give meaning.
Example: "Student's marks are 80 in Math, 90 in English, 75 in Science."

In short:
👉 Data = raw
👉 Information = processed, meaningful

Topic: Components of a Computer System

1. What are the main components of a computer system?

The main parts are:

1. Hardware – Physical parts (monitor, keyboard, mouse).


2. Software – Programs inside the computer (Windows, MS Word).
3. Users – People who use the computer.

2. Explain the role of input, output, and processing devices in a computer.

 Input devices give data to the computer.


Example: Keyboard (type), Mouse (click), Scanner.
 Processing device is the CPU (brain of the computer).
It processes the input.
 Output devices show the result.
Example: Monitor (see result), Printer (get printout), Speakers (hear sound).

3. What is the difference between hardware and software?

Hardware Software

Physical parts you can touch Programs you can't touch

Example: keyboard, CPU Example: Windows, MS Paint

Needed to operate the computer Tells hardware what to do

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