Reported Speec

Reported Speech
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
(Reported Speech)

*Convey the exact words *Convey the general meaning

*use quotation mark (‘’……”) *don’t use quotation (‘’……”)
E.g.1 Sue says, “mangoes are E.g.1 Sue says that mangoes ar
sweet.” sweet.

E.g.2 Susan said, “I am busy.” E.g.2 Susan said that she was bus

E.g.3 Kyaw Kyaw says to Tun Tun, E.g.3 Kyaw Kyaw tells Tun Tun tha
“I hate you.” he hates him.

Speeches
1)Statement
2)Question
3)Request and command
4)Excalmation

Direct Speech to Indirect Speech

1)Reporting verb
2)Tense
3)Time marker
4)Pronouns

Reported Speech
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
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Present Simple (V1/ V s,es) Past Simple (V2)
Present Continuous Past Continuous (was/were+
(am/is/are+ Ving) Ving)
Present Perfect Past Perfect (had+V3)
(has/have+V3)
Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous
(has/ have+ been+ Ving) (had+ been+ Ving)

Past Simple (V2) Past Perfect (had+V3)

Past Continuous (was/were+ Past Perfect Continuous
Ving) (had+ been+ Ving)
Past Perfect (had+V3) No change
Past Perfect Continuous No change
Future Simple (be going to) Was/ were going to
Future Simple (will+ V1) Would+ V1
Future Continuous (will+ Would+ be+ Ving
be+ Ving)
Future Perfect (will have+ Would have+ been+ V3
V3)
Future Perfect Continuous
Modal verbs modal verbs+ be+ V3
am/ is/ are+ going to+ V1 am/ is/ are+ going to be+ V3
has to/ have to+ V1 Has to/ have to+ be+ V3
is about to+ V1 is about to+ be+ V3
Tense changes

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 The Passive
Statements
i. No one/ nobody
*don’t use “no-one, nobody”, add “not” to
helping verb
E.g. Nobody judged her.
She was not judged.
ii. Adverbs of manner
*go before V3
E.g. She speaks English well.
English is well spoken.
iii. Direct obj/ Indirect obj (D.O/ I.O)
*Direct object- Impersonal object (need “to”)
*Indirect object- Personal object (nothing to
add)
E.g. They lend the boy a book.
A book is lent to the boy.
The boy is lent the book.
iv. Positive imperative
*Let+ obj+ be+ V3.
E.g. Open the window.
Let the window be opened.
v. Negative imperative
*Obj+ must not be+ V3.
E.g. Don’t close the door.
The door mustn’t be closed.

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Exercise (Passive statements)
1. They want some more money.
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
2. Nobody has ever beaten my brother at tennis.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
3. I won’t give her the excuses.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
4. I will tell my mom what you said.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
5. No-one is looking at you.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
6. Everybody was flying the kites skillfully.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
7. Susan and Sue have made the pizza horribly.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
8. Give something to someone.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
9. Don’t throw the rubbish in the living room.
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
10. People speak English all over the world.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
11. Amy will offer me some cake.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
12. You should not punish the boy for something he didn’t do.

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 …………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
13. They aced out the role play nicely yesterday.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
14. The police ordered the boys to leave the park.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….

15. We must look for the cow we lost.

…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
16. They are holding a birthday party in her palace.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
17. A car ran over the little girl.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
18. Someone is using my computer at the moment.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
19. Somebody has spilt some boys on my phone.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
20. The nurse will look after the kids.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
21. Soe Soe can sing classical songs.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
22. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
23. Birds build nets on the tree.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….

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24. The men have tied their boats to the pole with the strong
rope.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
25. They will forget the quarrel in a few years later.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
26. My grandmother bought me a branded dress.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
27. They will water the flowers this evening.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
28. San San had taken the medicine before I came home.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
29. We have arrested the thief.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
30. They build the castle in the 18th century.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
31. Mother is baking a cake now.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
32. Daw Nu has written a special edition for children.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
33. The tiger was chasing the deer.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
34. Kyaw Kyaw will never forget this experience.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
35. The burglars had cut a big hole in the steel door.

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 …………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
36. The engineers are building a new bridge.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
37. The students will give a presentation tomorrow.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
38. The workers were painting the wall when I arrived.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
39. My mother scolded me yesterday.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
40. My brother has taken my bike.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
41. Khin Khin cleans he room daily.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
42. The unusual high tight completely washed away several
buildings.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
43. My sister have him that book.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….
44. The police will search every room to see whether anyone is
hiding.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….

The Passive (Questions)

i. Verb to be
Be+ obj+ being+ V3?
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 E.g. Are they feeding the cow?
Is the cow being fed?

ii. Verb to do]

V to be+ obj+ V3?
E.g. Does everyone like coffee?
Does coffee liked?

iii. Verb to have

V to have+ obj+ been+ V3?

E.g. Have they written the book?
Has the book been written?

iv. Modal verbs

Modal verbs+ obj+ be+ V3?
E.g. Should they tell the truth?
Should the truth be told?

v. Wh questions

Wh + v to be+ obj+ being+ V3?

Wh+ v to have+ obj+ been+ V3?
Wh+ v to be+ obj+ V3?
Wh+ modal+ obj+ be+ V3?
E.g. Where are they building a house?
Where is a house being built?
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 E.g. Where have they build a house?
Where has a house been built?
E.g. Why do they like coffee?
Why is coffee like?
E.g. How can they cook the food?
How can the food be cooked?
vi. Who
*start with “By whom”
*use with suitable tense
E.g. Who eats the mango?
By whom is the mango eaten?

vii. Whom
*start with “Who”
*use with suitable tense
E.g. Whom do they beat?
Who is beaten?

Exercise (Passive questions)

1. Will people forget the whole ancient after a few weeks?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
2. Must we answer all the questions?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
3. Are they pulling down the old bridge?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
4. Have they mended he roof of the house?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
5. Do they feed the cows twice a day?

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 …………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
6. Who give you a pair of gloves?
………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………
7. Why did they take her for a drive in a new car?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
8. Why must we plan our work carefully?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
9. How did the robbers kill the rich lady?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
10. When will they buy a new car?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
11. Where have they dug the canal?
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………..
12. Whom should they look after?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
13. Who gave you this beautiful present?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
14. Did they search your luggage very carefully?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………

15. Will the waitress bring the tea?

…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
16. Who is preparing the food?

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 …………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
17. Have you done all the work?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
18. Why are they cutting down the trees?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
19. When did they print the first book?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
20. When did they award him the Nobel Prize?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
21. Do people speak English all over the world?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
22. Can they trace the criminal?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
23. When did the dog bite the boy?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
24. Who taught her grammar?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
25. Whom are they beating?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
26. Who has made the cake?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………
27. May I read this book?
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………

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