* polrty :
Polity is an onganited Socely Such au nation.
* constt tuton :
to
consti tution 1s the body oh -fundaental Prinoples.tcusding
which a nation is govemed .
COnst ttion is te bosc lao (on he furdannental law ob tthe and
ts congtt tutiorn
Coursty îs based on
(onstitul:on fonward TNDE X PARTS SCIEDULE
PART !
PRE AMBLE 2
25
ToPics
Preomnble o the Conslittor
Pot 1 Union sp teitozy
Pot Cttxenslsp
Part Gundanental Rrghls
Port : Directve inesples o çtate poBcat
Port tA
Aundangevtal Duties
Pat 5 Uvton Govement
Past 9-A Municralibts.
UVion $Q t teqatoies
Bhasal is a Union oh stale
he teitoDes of udia contains talei
Acqtied lenitoies.
be
nanes o the States sp union teñtoDes are menoneo
Schedute
4Aticles ase thee pat - 1
Atde Paslsoment can adônistate sp
agtablsshed hen S
Pariarment Cas cyeale
nuo stote by otteng the
boundass o exghng States.
|Qelangaa wsas divaet tom -Andlaprade
Paaliarnent can inAcase ttae Gtate sQ alro
-’ paslioment decvense tte sale.
-Article
Con
chan the tate ses
Pasliament may by lauo adit into the uvion @o
esablh
ne Stales
-te vátoDes that may be acquired ?n the fitu
Past a:
5 -l| Aaitcles
-Article s Under Arice 5, O Joan ao 19so the ndsan cont won vlas Came.
oe celebated as
Repude day. Snkdeendin]
\ho ave in da on Jan 2G, 14s0 aey got the crizenahp
Some peope aYe nioated om pakstao to ndia
Acuondang his Aticle
-Akcde t Ales 4he indepenence, ome
ome Dnliaus
Dndsaus uoent to paksstan
retum ndsa.
agan hey etun to
t, hey got tie cstitensp oh Dnlan.
under Arkcle
to -time
Rudsa. huordig to day
Nnda Pakstan
Dndians to other
Britishers took
-Atces nda the Bntsb ule
Grdsans ave settled in oler cousbie
labour uooss.
Counbies tor
etun to
ndia
Ates the inderendece ; they ae
outde ndn. they wsll got
uoho ae
Persors oh anhe (nda oig
the otiZersp
-Aceoidiny to the date Q6 Jan, (450
Avtele4 These s no. dual citienship.
D You bave other couny ciixenslsp; they do not yet the Ondan
ctizenalsp.
Asticle 0
contruty o caiXenala
Article ll parliament co makeg las e) ertzenasp.
|Part 3 : fundamerta Riahts v.V,v. Srmp.
-Ashcles 1- 35
Gtypes o usnoamental Rrahti
O Rrght to equaltly (Ashicle l9 -1s )
Right to treedor (Article 19-22)
9 Right agangt explotatiorn (Aytele 23-24)
O Right to -freedor o relhqun (Aatiele 25 28).
cultusa educatin úght (Astcle a4- 30)
Raht to Constitutional renedies (
Righl o eauaty
Atcle ls
Cauality betore law ant eaal potecton oh laos
Atele 15
State does not discnntat on race. velion, Caste Gender, ar
-Atcle lG
Provde eaualtty in u ubte emplayment
Abolttion o untouchab tef
-Attcle 18
Right to fredonAbolton ob tles except Mtttay 4 aCadeie
Aricle A’ prokton eh x ots vagndns treedonn
SAAMRT)
) Speech eApYeion
1v) MoNeent oh ient
) Assebly oh Naht ) Residernce
i) AsspGtn
vi) PoteKon ob îAde
occupatn os
-Azttcle a0
Potecton in reßpect ob
convcton to Otences
Atcle a Pte ction o e
peron Rbet.
expanded move
to Sleep : clean
eienevt , digrsy. 38 Provi (iOns are thee
Atek a Rioht to tree educatir tor cildren at the oge o
&-I4 yis
Aricle 2Q
Right oy protecton agant aneat on deterntion i certain caes
Right ngint explotattn.
3 Attce 23ohibition oh
tatic in huan bin
Prohibiion oh foced labour
Atice 2 Prohibition ol child labous in bamtul uoosk
pohibifon oh enrployment ob chdden tn actoncs, ete
Risht to freedom oh Retiajion
Right to coneience , tree roBekáe,Piacce sp Pvpaton
Aitcle a5
[w can pronote The olhes penong on relsaien :ike clrsstias
O} rdegion.
Rights oh reliojous intitutes
freedog to marage velaious
taxes
Pronote any selfor we don't collect the
oh tores for Prooton o an re ligon,
Fieedo from paynent
Artice 28 Wodkhip
Htedorn fronn attendina velgious instucion (on
Cestain educatiora! intitutions.
Rights to cuttus and educator
fTCle 29 Pootecior oh layguage. Scát and cutue ob Minoies
Arthde 30 Rsght oh Mi nosies to ertablsh Rebgous dingistc
(Sikh, Josn, mugm) languge )
A odinistate educati onal Conue others,
nstittions
Rrght to constitutional Rermedes
Arkcle s1 + Rsaht to Prope4
hstide 32 Riaht to move the Supreme tount tor the enfovcement of
tundamenNal nights indudng the Waits;
i) habeas cospus
ir) Mandamus
Poohibrion
v) Certiotari
) OuO- war - rerto
Pat
n Sndan conthutin they rentoned that evey syos
Neu 0Veonrrt will fom
with the
Pro vte uide nes o the new ROverment.
budget Povde neo ^eherner to yecple
5) Pat 5 q6 Umon stale Govennet
Preident egislatve udial
Pastannent + EYeetive îndenent
Vice Preident
Lok sabha
Pirne nnsler on itoduce a new
Rajya Sabha
Ministers (certal) Scheme and tee
’ ort preident
take pes Kin from
state Govt
legislatve
Goveonor state leasstateve
chét rister tro people .
Assembly
state Minister. Judicia oil cheek
vssake they u l
Splerngert the cheme
Constitutioral bodies
Non- Congitutiona! bodtes
PREAMBLE OF THe CONST|UTIO N
The Aeicar congtttaton Was the 1st to bepin sth a Prearnble
to the consttten
lhe tem " Preamhe" tekeas a he Dntroducton (on Pre face
constt tutiorn xert called the remde
N.A. Palkbiala , an emninent juñst p
constrtuton".
as he Ddent:y card of he
objechives Resolition,
be Preanble oh the congtttution is based on the
The Pardit Nehu.
dratted and moued by
constitutional Anendment
Act (14He), which
Amended by the 2d
p Sntegrtl.
ocsalist, Secular
odded three r e wods
* Teyt oh the Preomble -
Constrtile
ÎNDIA, boavinr Solemnly resolved to
E THE PEOPLE OF
REPUBUIC
DEMOCRATIC
SECULAR
SOVERELGN
SocIALst
ndia snto a
citrcens :
ond to Secue to all its
and Polttical
econoNic
JUSTICE SOCial
o thouht, expression, beliet,fatth and nokship:
BERTY
EQUAUTY of status and of oppoutunity;
assuing a To Pomole)
al FRATE RNTY
lo ronote anong hcm the Nali0n,
he digrity o he indvidual od the uni integrtg o7
NovEmber.
IN OUR cONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this tuoerty- Sixk day
OURSELWES
|444, do HERE By ADoPT ENACT AND GVE TO
THIS CONSTITUTION
AKen from French
Justice, Lbetty , éualtyFrate mity Revo tutim
Piennble Contains he essence (on ummay oh the cousttüton
Sounce o aihoty is dessved tiorn eople o 2rdtn.
The ate
o the tale is SoNeian, ocaltst, Grculat,democ aic, vepublic .
*be Objecdivee dh contttuton : Juslice, libestu, eaualty, tatemiy
consitutton u adopted on Nov A44 (DAte of aloptton)
Constitutin oay force lo ome On
Sovevergn Ondependent
Sovereign ioplies that Dnda is nalher a deperdenuy nor a dorninion o6
any other natton, but an nderendert &tae
Soverign oposite Word is DonniSion
Austalion and NeLotealand uoa dominto ndes the Bihish Kiy
No authoñty ftree to conduct tts oLOr attairs intena extemat)
Socsalrst
’ Added by 4 conttutioralArendment Act
Iodia follous deocatic ocsalis
-t Denoczalic Socsalism bolds -fath in "mixed enom
(rutic Psvale Setors)
Dernocsalic Socsalisro ains to erd povesty . enoranee, disease and
Socalssm is a blerd ol Manisrn and Gandhisg
Gecalay
-t^eculas Means Neutal Od theye is no state reliq%on
t Au veliojons n the eounty have eqal status and equal Support fns 4.
goveminent.
cordernns all sesiOns
Atheisttc : Anti- Setrojous, veligjon
declanes one astculas reltgiorn as alz
Theocate : Pp-veligious,
(Pomole one seligior)
Dernosatic Denrocny
3. Dired demot
Dermos (reope) KratHA(ule)
’în daet denocxau, People orll take their
Oon deciSions
like
DD, Peopk exevise ler Supyrerme pouwers usiy devices ob democrauy
Ie te vedum, intale,Yeaall, plebiscte .
.Sotet dernocraut
represetative uoi
* îo idiet deroCYaC , elected tte represertatve
-take the decison.
Kepretetati ves elected bu the peode exercise the Quprerme poer,
Jt is also called Rep vesertait ve derroc vaLuh
îndiret deociay
Prestderstal fom Paatamey
USA
ndta (atonentag Syetes )
President President teod co state (countiy)
tHead o state Ccourty) Pine NIinister Head os Ghovemnnent
ttead oh Govenoert
Refeerdurm ?
t is a proceduYe ohee a proposed legstation is refened to the
electorate for Setlernent by her diret Voles.
- Go vemment w alk: Do You uwant to gie uworen reseNatiom ?
eople itl de ide by the Vote Yea on No,
* Toittalive
The
method by means o ohich people Can Propose a bI) to
leerslatuye for enactnent.
Recall
repyesentaie
a method by ans oh Whic the Voles can erove
DTore the expry o hs tem, when he tatls to cischarge bis dufie s
Popelg
Plebis cte s
It is elhod ob obtainig the optrion o people or any issue o
publc innpotnxe
Tt is generalls sed to resolve tenitoial Aispules
Republtc
Democatic potrlg
Republte
Monaschy Head ob the State îs
+ Head oh the state krng louen eleted by drnectly Go indhecly
E - Bitain
Monavchy
opposite Dominon
Soveves
Seculas opposle thesstic Theocialic
called Pesident
Irdia bas electe bead
tox aa {ixed te ooh 5 Years
Helshe elected indiedy
abserce ob any Psivileged class
and hence all the
* Republte Means
ottces are pen to evey ctzen oithout any discimin aton
Publie otjces
ol poltlical SoVeseioly he people ad not sn a
and ako Vestng
Single tndividual ( ke a
Russtarn Revolulion
(4#)
e ideal ob justice iS bowed from
CCoromiC, Poliical.
Juslice indudes Social
Called Dslabulile justice
Ihe Cornbination o Social ond etnmmic justi ce is
are borro uoed
for
The ideats o titesty, @qualtty. fate iy
Ierch Revolutio (H 6q - (Hq4)
const:tutiona!
ooads socialist, eular, itegity were added în and
-Amendment Act; (4t6.
-*Prearmble is not etorce able in the Court
l06 i e s
Indtar) consttutor ts anendent
Preanble is netber kouTCe oh pouer no Prohibition Pouoer ob
legrslature.
rnpotant couat judgerert on remmble
Case Judgernert o uprerne cout,
Beubasi ((460) Preonbe is not pat o he
Constituton.
Ke savanaroda Bhaati (i443) reamble is pont o the constrtuton
LIC (95) Preannble 1s paat oh the Consti tation
* gri fcaNe oh the preamble
Prearnble etodies tte basc philosophy Sp fundamental values on
vohrch he consttution is based,
.Preanble contains the orand and noble Veon oh the constituent
d eblecds the drearns and aupirations o the foundng falhers
o the Constrtutton.
Allad: krisbn asuoonny tyyar Tte pre amble to ous Consttulion preses
hat we had thouaht dyeant So lorg
Munshi : Preanble is the" HoYoSCDpe of ouY Govevegn dorocralie kepubie
’ Parndit Thakus Das Bhar qava :: The PYeanble is the Most preious past
cOnsttutión. t is the Soul oh the Consttulion. Dt is a keLy to lhe
Conslitutton. It is a iewel set
Poper Yadstckuoih ohich ore can
Measue the Worth oh the
constttutton
$ir Ermest Badker : preale 1e the
Key -note to the constitulim.
Nurneicals Preanble
O The pYeanbk oh the Srdsan congtituton adoped or Q6th Nov l949
did nol include he texs Socalkst
, Seutas, Sntegnty.
The ideA oh Preoarnle ba been boowed î0 ndian constitation forn
the constttution o USA
3
Tbe Wor"Justce o the Preornble to the consttatoo Drnda expresses
Social, ccononic polttical justiCe
9 fedeal is not ued io he Prearble o tte hdiarn Contttion
Econonie tbesty iS not ebodied the preante to the Co
Jausahazlal Nebu ved he objechive resotion that uas taler dt
a the Prearrble ok the consitution
