Power Train A simple
for rear wheel gearbox
drive vehicles (transmission)
Transaxle for First
Front-wheel drive gear
cars
The five-
Pressure plate speed manual
and clutch plate transmission
Reverse Gear A five-speed
transmission
applies one of
five different gear
ratios to the input
Synch shaft to produce
ronize a different rpm
rs value at the
output shaft.
Functions
It is important to
remember that the of gear oil
actual final drive or Gear oil, by
overall gear ratio is reducing the
equal to the ratio of
the ring and pinion friction in the
gear multiplied by the Propeller
transmission/tra
ratio of the speed
gear the car is
nsaxle, also
shaft The
operating in. For limits the propel
example, if a car has amount of ler
a final drive ratio of
3:1, the total final power loss shaft
due
trans
drive ratio for each to friction. mits
Gear Shaft
transmission speed
is as follows: oil also
the
Critical whirling
torque
protects thefrom
speed decreases
gears
with theand the
increase
related
of squareparts
of
gearbo
x to
from
length.rust
Thatand
is, by
the
corrosion,the
decreasing keeps
final
length to ½cool,
the parts would
drive
increase the (rear
and keeps the
Universal
joint
Universal joints
are used to
make a flexible
One
method of
Movement
connection
achieving a
uniform
between intwo
driven shaft rigid shafts at an
Differenti
speed is by angle with each
using two
such joints other. al
as shown
in Fig. The They permit
intermediat
the transmission of
e shaft is
so
Slipnotjoints
power only at
When a shaft
arranged an angle, power
transmits but also
that it between
while thistwo points
angle is
makes and thevaried
distance
equal being
between these two
angles constantly;
points is constantly
with the changing, some
first and flexibility of
means must be
third shafts. changing to
provided axis due
to positioning
compensate forofthis
change in length
transmission andor
the shaft would
3 TYPES
Differential OF LIVE
locks
A differential AXLES
Semi-floating
lock directs (light duty
power equally SEMI-
vehicles)
to both wheels FLOATING
Axlesout
by locking AXLE
Three-
the quarter
differential, floating
In the semi-floating
axle each half-shaft
This prevents (medium
is supported at its
Semi-floating axles save weight and cost by
the usual loss inner-end by a
getting rid of the outside roller bearing. The
duty
wheel is supported only by the axle shaft, which
bearing which also
ofRear axles
goes through a tapered roller bearing roughly
traction even with the inside of the wheel, and then
carries the final
From vehicles)
engages the gear in the differential. Unlike a full
whenthe one
floating axle, the axle shaft is attached on the
drive unit. At the
differential side using a c-clip or something
differential, the outer end there is a
similar. This provides the support to push the
wheel
power isis Full-floating
wheel in towards the vehicle that would
bearing between
normally be provided by the outside bearing in
slipping.
a full-floating setup.
transmitted the shaft
(heavy
Semi-floating
andduty
axles are a weaker
the
design because
theinside
weight of theof the axle
through the rear vehicle puts stress on the axle
Types
axles toof
the vehicles)
housing.
used on cars and lighter Thetrucks. half-
shaft. It is for this reason that they are only
They also do
shaft has to
have the limitation that if you break an axle
differential
driving wheel shaft, the wheel comes off. Full-floaters can be
withstand bending
(rear
locks:wheel loads imposed by
drive). the weight of the
driven (using 4wd and getting power to front (on a rear axle) or the CV joint (on a front axle)
wheels only) with a broken axle shaft, or pulled. and a drive flange that bolts to the wheel. The
Semi-floating axles are harder to work on axle shaft is considered "floating" because it is
because you have to drain the diff and pull its not affixed to bearings on either end.
THREE-
cover off to get to the clip, in order to get to the
wheel bearings. Full-floating axles support heavier loads
because the bearings are placed in line with the
QUARTER inside and outside of the wheel. They can be
identified by the cylindrical protrusion from the
FLOATING AXLE center of the wheel, about the size of a can of
tomatoes.
AXLE
HOUSING
Axle housings
FULL-
The three-quarter floating
axle also has a bearing are made in a
FLOATING
inside the axle housing
which carries the final variety of
AXLE
drive unit, but the outer materials –
bearing is placed between
the wheel hub and the pressed steel,
In ahousing
axle fully floating to support
cast steel,
the
axle, weightthere of are
the car,twoThe
half-shaft
Full-floating
bearings isused
axles are subjected
in heavy duty to a
between
vehicles. The drive wheel is carried on the
malleable iron,
bending load only during
each
outer
hub
end of the axle
cornering.
tapered and
housing
the
by a pair
roller bearings. The bearings are
of
cast aluminum
axle housing, and
located outside the axle housing. In this way,
the axle housings take the full weight of the
or steel
these carry both the
vehicle and absorb all stresses or end thrust
caused by turning, skidding, and pulling. Only
weights of the car
the axle shaft transmits torque from the forging.
differential. The axle shaft has a splined end
and the cornering
that engages with the gear in the differential
Axle housings
forces. This
designed is rarely also support
