BADMINTON

1. History
2. Knowledge of the game
3. Rules of the game
4. Fundamental skills
5. National and International governing bodies of Badminton
6. National and International tournaments

1. HISTORY:
The International Badminton Federation was formed in 1934. Sir George Thomas was the
first chairman of IBF. World-class Badminton competition is known as ‘Thomas cup’.
‘Thomas Cup’ was first held for world champion men in 1948. The Uber Cup for a
championship (women) was started from 1957. It was included in Asian Games in 1962.
Badminton Association of India (BAI) was established in Calcutta (now Kolkata) in 1934.
All India Badminton Championships are held under the auspices of this very association. The
maiden National Badminton championship was held in 1936 which was won by Vijay
Madwakar. Prakash Padukone won the national award continuously for nine times, from
1971 to 1979. The winner predecessor to Prakash Padukone was Nandu Natekar who had
won it six times. Syed Modi won this award continuously for eight times. From 1980 to 1987.
Badminton was included in the Olympic Games in 1992. Prakash Padukone won All England
Championship in 1980, and Pulela Gopichand won it in 2001. These two personalities
reached the highest peak of Indian Badminton.

2. Knowledge of the game

Badminton is one of the most popular games played with the use of racket, which holds much
resemblance to tennis. The game is played either by 2 players ( single game) or 4 players
( double game ), are set up each on one side of the net. The players can score points by
dropping the shuttle on the opponent’s side of the net. A rally ends once the shuttlecock has
struck the ground, and the shuttle cock may only be struck once by each side, before it passes
over the net. The player will win the game if that player or pair wins 2 out of 3 game sets.

 Questions

What are the types of games in badminton? 2022

2. RULES OF THE GAME:
COURT AND COURT EQUIPMENT: - The badminton court is rectangular shape for single and
double.
Length - 13.400m ( 44 feet )
Width - 6.100m ( 20 feet )
  Write down the answer of the given questions: -
1. What is length and breadth of badminton court for double? 2022
2. Draw a well labelled diagram of badminton court with measurements and specification.
3. Alley (side alley) 2020, 2022
4. Back alley
5. Court
6. What is forecourt and backcourt in Badminton? 2020
7. Rear court
8. Center line 2020
9. Back court

POST AND NET:

Height of the post- 1.55m

The height of net at center should be 1.524m

SHUTTLE:

The shuttle shall be made of natural and / or synthetic materials. From whatever material the shuttle is
made, the flight characteristics generally shall be similar to those produced by a natural feathered shuttle
with a cork base covered by a thin layer of leather.

The shuttle shall have 16 feathers fixed in the base.

The feathers shall have a uniform length between 62 mm to 70 mm when measured from the
tip
to the top of the base.

The tips of the feathers shall lie on a circle with a diameter from 58 mm to 68 mm.

The feathers shall be fastened firmly with thread or other suitable material.
The base shall be 25 mm to 28 mm in diameter and rounded on the bottom.

The shuttle shall weigh from 4.74 to 5.50 grams.

RACKET:

The racket shall be a frame not exceeding 680 mm in overall length and 230 mm

The handle is the part of the racket intended to be gripped by a player.

The stringed area is the part of the racket with which it is intended that a player hits the
shuttle.

The head bounds the stringed area.

Length of the racket – 68cm

Width of the racket (head) - 23cm

Length of racket string – 29cm

 Write down the answer of the given questions: -

1. Draw a well labelled diagram with specification and dimensions for
Racket and Badminton
2. Write down the dimensions of the racket.
3. Write down the dimensions of the racket.
TOSS:

Before play commences, a toss shall be conducted and the side winning the toss shall exercise
the choice
to serve or receive first;
to start play at one end of the court or the other.
The side losing the toss shall then exercise the remaining choice.

SCORING SYSTEM

A match shall consist of the best of three games, unless otherwise arranged
A game shall be won by the side which first scores 21 points.
The side winning a rally shall add a point to its score. A side shall win a rally, if the opposing
side
commits a ‘fault’ or the shuttle ceases to be in play because it touches the surface of the court
inside the opponent’s court.
If the score becomes 20-all, the side which gains a two-point lead first, shall win that game.
If the score becomes 29-all, the side scoring the 30th point shall win that game.
The side winning a game shall serve first in the next game.

 Question?

Explain any three scoring system in badminton. 2022

CHANGES OF ENDS 2020

Players shall change ends:

at the end of the first game;
at the end of the second game,
if there is to be a third game; and in the third game when a side first scores 11 points.
If the ends are not changed as indicated in,
It shall be done so as soon as the mistake is discovered and when the shuttle is not in play.
The existing score shall stand.

 Question?

When do the players change the court in a Badminton game? 2020,2022

SERVICE

In a correct service,
Neither side shall cause undue delay to the delivery of the service once the server and the
receiver are ready for the service. On completion of the backward movement of server’s
racket head, any delay in the start of the service shall be considered to be an undue delay;

1. The server and the receiver shall stand within diagonally opposite service courts
without touching the boundary lines of these service courts;
2. Some part of both feet of the server and the receiver shall remain in contact with the
surface of the court in a stationary position from the start of the service until the
service is delivered.
3. The server’s racket shall initially hit the base of the shuttle;
4. The whole shuttle shall be below the server’s waist at the instant of being hit by the
server’s racket. The waist shall be considered to be an imaginary line round the body,
level with the lowest part of the server’s bottom rib;
5. The shaft of the server’s racket at the instant of hitting the shuttle shall be pointing in
a downward direction;
6. the movement of the server’s racket shall continue forwards from the start of the
service until the service is delivered.
7. The flight of the shuttle shall be upwards from the server’s racket to pass over the net
so that, if not intercepted, it shall land in the receiver’s service court (i. e. on or within
the boundary lines); and
8. in attempting to serve, the server shall not miss the shuttle.
Once the players are ready for the service, the first forward movement of the server’s racket
head shall be the start of the service.

Once started the service is delivered when the shuttle is hit by the server’s racket or, in
attempting to serve, the server misses the shuttle.
The server shall not serve before the receiver is ready. However, the receiver shall be
considered to have
been ready if a return of the service is attempted.
In doubles, during the delivery of service the partners may take up any positions within their
respective courts, which do not un sight the opposing server or receiver.

 Questions
1. Service order

SINGLES

Serving and receiving courts

The players shall serve from, and receive in, their respective right service courts when the
server has not scored or has scored an even number of points in that game.
The players shall serve from, and receive in, their respective left service courts when the
server has scored an odd number of points in that game.
Order of play and position on court
In a rally, the shuttle may be hit by the server and the receiver alternately, from any position
on that player’s side of the net, until the shuttle ceases to be in play
Scoring and serving
If the server wins a rally the server shall score a point. The server shall then serve
again from the alternate service court.
If the receiver wins a rally the receiver shall score a point. The receiver shall then
become the new server.

DOUBLES

Serving and receiving courts

1. A player of the serving side shall serve from the right service court when the serving
side has not scored or has scored an even number of points in that game.
2. A player of the serving side shall serve from the left service court when the serving
side has scored an odd number of points in that game.
3. The player of the receiving side who served last shall stay in the same service court
from where he served last. The reverse pattern shall apply to the receiver’s partner.
4. The player of the receiving side standing in the diagonally opposite service court to
the server shall be the receiver.
5. The players shall not change their respective service courts until they win a point
when their side is serving.
6. Service in any turn of serving shall be delivered from the service court corresponding
to the serving side’s score, except as provided in
Order of play and position on court
After the service is returned, in a rally, the shuttle may be hit by either player of the serving
side and either player of the receiving side alternately, from any position on that player’s side
of the net, until the shuttle ceases to be in play
Scoring and serving
1. If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side shall score a point. The server shall
then serve again from the alternate service court.
2. If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side shall score a point. The receiving
side shall then become the new serving side.
Sequence of serving
In any game, the right to serve shall pass consecutively:
1. from the initial server who started the game from the right service court
2. to the partner of the initial receiver.
3 to the partner of the initial server
4 to the initial receiver, to the initial server and so on.
No player shall serve or receive out of turn, or receive two consecutive services in the same
game, except as provided in.
Either player of the winning side may serve first in the next game, and either player of the
losing side may receive first in the next game.

SERVICE COURT ERRORS

A service court error has been made when a player:

has served or received out of turn; or
has served or received from the wrong service court;
If a service court error is discovered, the error shall be corrected and the existing score shall
stand.

FAULTS

It shall be a ‘fault’:
if a service is not correct
if, in service, the shuttle:
1. is caught on the net and remains suspended on its top;
2. after passing over the net, is caught in the net; or
3. is hit by the receiver’s partner;
if in play, the shuttle:
1. lands outside the boundaries of the court (i. e. not on or within the boundary lines);
2. passes through or under the net;
3. fails to pass over the net;
4. touches the ceiling or side walls;
5. touches the person or dress of a player;
6. touches any other object or person outside the court;
7. is caught and held on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke;
8. is hit twice in succession by the same player. However, a shuttle hitting the head and
the stringed area of the racket in one stroke shall not be a ‘fault’;
9. is hit by a player and the player’s partner successively; or
10. touches a player’s racket and does not travel towards the opponent’s court;
if, in play, a player:
1. touches the net or its supports with racket, person or dress;
2. invades an opponent’s court over the net with racket or person except that the striker
may follow the shuttle over the net with the racket in the course of a stroke after the
initial point of contact with the shuttle is on the striker’s side of the net;
3. invades an opponent’s court under the net with racket or person such that an opponent
is obstructed or distracted; or
4. obstructs an opponent, i.e. prevents an opponent from making a legal stroke where the
shuttle is followed over the net;
5. deliberately distracts an opponent by any action such as shouting or making gestures;
if a player is guilty of flagrant, repeated or persistent offences under.

LETS

‘Let’ shall be called by the umpire, or by a player (if there is no umpire), to halt play.
It shall be a ‘let”, if:
1 the server serves before the receiver is ready
2 during service, the receiver and the server are both faulted;
3 after the service is returned, the shuttle is:
3.1 caught on the net and remains suspended on its top, or
3.2 after passing over the net is caught in the net;
4. during play, the shuttle disintegrates and the base completely separates from the rest of the
shuttle;
5. in the opinion of the umpire, play is disrupted or a player of the opposing side is distracted
by a coach;
6. a line judge is unsighted and the umpire is unable to make a decision; or
7. any unforeseen or accidental situation has occurred.
When a ‘let’ occurs, play since the last service shall not count and the player who served
last shall serve again.
SHUTTLE NOT IN PLAY

A shuttle is not in play when:

1 it strikes the net or post and starts to fall towards the surface of the court on the striker’s
side of the net;
2 it hits the surface of the court; or
3 a ‘fault’ or a ‘let’ has occurred.

CONTINUOUS PLAY, MISCONDUCT & PENALTIES

Play shall be continuous from the first service until the match is concluded, except as allowed
in.
INTERVALS:
not exceeding 60 seconds during each game when the leading score reaches 11 points; and
not exceeding 120 seconds between the first and second game, and between the second and
third
game shall be allowed in all matches.

SUSPENSION OF PLAY

1. When necessitated by circumstances not within the control of the players, the umpire may
suspend play for such a period as the umpire may consider necessary.
2 Under special circumstances the Referee may instruct the umpire to suspend play.
3 If play is suspended, the existing score shall stand and play shall be resumed from that
point.

DELAY IN PLAY

1. Under no circumstances shall play be delayed to enable a player to recover strength or

wind or to receive advice.
2 The umpire shall be the sole judge of any delay in play.

ADVICE AND LEAVING THE COURT

1. Only when the shuttle is not in play , shall a player be permitted to receive advice
during a match.
2. No player shall leave the court during a match without the umpire’s permission, except
during the intervals as described in Law.

A PLAYER SHALL NOT:

1 deliberately cause delay in, or suspension of, play;

2 deliberately modify or damage the shuttle in order to change its speed or its flight;
3 behave in an offensive manner; or
4 be guilty of misconduct not otherwise covered by the Laws of Badminton.
ADMINISTRATION OF BREACH

1 The umpire shall administer any.

1 issuing a warning to the offending side;
2 faulting the offending side, if previously warned. Two such faults by a side shall be
considered to be a persistent offence;
2 in cases of flagrant offence, persistent offences or breach of Law 16.2 the umpire shall fault
the offending side and report the offending side immediately to the Referee, who shall have
the power to disqualify the offending side from the match.

3. FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS OF BADMINTON

GRIP: in the game of badminton there are two types of grip.

1. Forehand – with the racket head perpendicular to the floor, shake hands with
the grip so the “V” formed by the thumb and forefinger is on the top of the
handle.
2. Backhand – using a forehand grip, rotate the hand slightly so the thumb is
along and parallel to the wide side of the handle.

FOOTWORK –

1. The pattern of movements for covering the corners inside the court.
2. Move toward the shot with short steps and end with a long stride.
3. In the ready position the racket is held high, the knees are slightly bent, and
the body weight is on the balls of the feet.

SERVES – Basically there are four types serves in badminton.

1. High serve – This is basic single’s serve and direct the shuttle high and deep. The
shuttle should turn over and fall as close to the back boundary.
2. Low serve – we use little or no wrist action, contact bird at thigh level push or guide
the shuttle low, close to the net.
3. Flick serve – the flick serve is also played upwards, but much more shallowly than
the high serve. Flick serve are used extensively in doubles and occasionally in singles.
4. Drive serve – The drive serve is played flat and fast towards the back of the receiver’s
service court, passing low over the net.
SERVES – There are four types stroke in badminton.

1. Overhead forehand stroke – This stroke generates the most power. The power of
badminton forehand stroke comes from correct technique; not how much strength you
exert into a swing.
2. Overhead backhand stroke – The backhand stroke is many people’s main weakness.
They tend to get the technique for this stroke wrong.
3. Underarm forehand stroke – The badminton underarm forehand stroke is performed
when the player takes shuttle in front.
4. Underarm backhand stroke – The badminton underarm backhand stroke is fairly
easy. This stroke is usually performed when the opponent hits a badminton drop shot
to the backhand area at the front of the court.

SHOTS– There are four types shots in badminton. (1) Offensive ( 2 ) Defensive

1. Clearing- In this, shuttle cork is contacted around the middle of the racket head. The
aim of the clearing is to cause the shuttle to go up high in the air and land at the
opponent’s back court.
2. Lobbing – Lobbing is a stroke executed at the player’s baseline, hitting the ball far to
the back of the opponent.
3. Drop- shot- It is a very soft shot that can help in winning points if played well. This
stroke can be executed from forehand and backhand sides in the frontcourt of the
opponent. Drop shot are two types: fast and slow drop shot.
4. Smash – It is the most powerful stoke used in badminton. If executed well there is no
defence a reply of smash. Two types of smash – ( 1 ) smash ( 2) half smash.

4. NATIONAL AND INTERNATION GOVERNING BODIES OF BADMINTON.

The Badminton World Federation (BWF) is the international governing body for the sport
of badminton recognised by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). It was founded in
1934 as the International Badminton Federation (IBF) with nine member nations (Canada,
Denmark, England, France, Ireland, Netherlands, New Zealand, Scotland and Wales). In
1981 the IBF merged with the World Badminton Federation, and on 24 September 2006, at
the Extraordinary General Meeting in Madrid, the name of the organization was changed to
Badminton World Federation (BWF).
When the BWF was founded (as the IBF), its head office was located in Cheltenham, UK.
The head office was relocated to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on October 1, 2005. Poul-Erik
Høyer Larsen is the current president. The BWF currently has 176 member nations around
the world, organized into 5 continental confederations.

Badminton Association of India (BAI)

is the governing body of badminton in India. BAI is an association registered under the
societies act. It was formed in 1934, and has been holding national-level tournaments in India
since 1936.
BAI has 33 state associations and 04 other organizations as its members that conduct
badminton tournaments in the country.

5. NATIONAL AND INTERNATION TOURNAMENTS

Indian Open Badminton Championship

a. Official title as the Yonex- Sunrise India Open is an annual badminton events held in
India since 20008.
b.
QUESTION PAPERS
2020
( a ) Explain the following terms in Badminton: [8]
(i) A carry
(ii) A deuce
(iii) Rubber
(iv) A centre line
(b) [9]
(i) Mention any three skills of a badminton player.
(ii) When is a shuttle not in play?
(iii) What are the types of games in badminton?
(c) [8]
(i) Explain the term short serve in Badminton.
(ii) Explain the back hand grip in Badminton.
(iii) Write the full form of BWF and BAI.
(iv) Explain the term ‘lobbing’ in Badminton

( a ) Briefly explain the following terms in Badminton: [8]

(i) A half smash
(ii) A net kill
(iii) A clear lob
(iv) A lunge

(b) (i) State any three duties of the referee in Badminton. [9]
(ii) What is forecourt and backcourt in Badminton?
(iii) When do the players change the court in a Badminton game?
(c) Explain the following terms: [8]
(i) Fallow throng
(ii) Service order
(iii) Alley
(iv) Flick

2022
Question 1
i) When do the players change the court?
(ii) What is a Deuce in a badminton match?
(iii) State any three duties of an Umpire in badminton.
(iv) Explain the term Forehand grip in badminton.
Question 2
(i) Define the term Side Alley.
(ii) Explain the term Drive in badminton.
(iii) Explain the term Overhead Forehand Stroke in badminton.
(iv) Explain the Half Smash in badminton.
Question 3
(i) Explain the term Rally in badminton.
(ii) What do you mean by Net Kill in badminton?
(iii) Explain any three scoring system in badminton.
(iv) Mention any three duties of Service Judge in badminton.