Computer system

Groupe number : 21 DA2I L2

Presented by : ANDRIAMIHAJA Aina Tafita Harena Fifaliana 283I24
 INTRODUCTION
A computer system refers to an integrated set of components designed to
perform specific tasks and process data. It includes both hardware and software
elements that work together to manage input, process information, and generate
output. Hardware encompasses the physical parts of the computer, such as the
processor, memory, storage devices, and peripherals. Software consists of
programs and operating systems that direct the hardware in executing tasks.
Computer systems are the backbone of modern technology, enabling everything
from communication and data management to automation and complex
problem-solving in various industries. Their efficiency and versatility make
them crucial in today's interconnected world.
It is an integrated assembly of hardware and software components designed to
perform a variety of tasks, from processing and storing data to managing and
automating complex operations. In the modern world, computer systems are
indispensable, supporting communication, enhancing productivity, and
providing instant access to information across diverse domains.
 Objective of the Presentation :

- Define the Concept of a Computer System: Understand its structure and core components.
- Explain its Main Components: Highlight the roles of hardware and software in achieving
seamless functionality.
- Describe its Functionality and Applications: Explore how computer systems are applied
across industries, from education and business to healthcare and entertainment.

Definition of a Computer System

A computer system is an electronic device that receives input data, processes it based on
specific instructions, and produces output in the form of useful information.

Diagram: Computer System Workflow

1. Input: Devices such as keyboards, mice, or sensors feed data into the system.
2. Processing: The central processing unit (CPU) performs operations and computations on
the input data.

3. Output: Processed data is presented as information through devices like monitors,

printers, or speakers.

4. Storage: Hard drives, SSDs, or cloud solutions save data for future use.

Components of a Computer System

1. Hardware: These are the tangible, physical components of a computer, such as the
processor, memory, and input/output devices.

2. Software: The programs and operating systems that enable hardware to function and
provide the user with tools to perform tasks.

3. Users: Humans who interact with the computer system to perform various functions,
whether for work, learning, or entertainment.

Hardware Components

Hardware refers to all the physical parts of a computer system. The main components include:

- Processor (CPU): Known as the "brain" of the computer, it processes instructions and
performs calculations to execute programs.
- Memory (RAM): A temporary storage space for active programs and data, enabling quick
access for the CPU.

- Storage (HDD/SSD): These devices store permanent data and software, retaining
information even when the computer is powered off.

- Input Devices: Tools like keyboards, mice, scanners, and microphones that allow users to
input data into the system.

- Output Devices: Devices such as monitors, printers, and speakers that present processed
data to the user in readable or audible formats.
 Software Components

Software is the driving force behind a computer system's functionality. It can be categorized
into two main types:

1. System Software:
These programs manage hardware resources and provide a foundation for application
software. Examples include:
- Operating Systems: Windows, macOS, Linux.
- Utilities: Disk cleanup, antivirus software.

2. Application Software:
Designed for specific tasks to enhance productivity and user experience. Examples include:
- Productivity Tools: Microsoft Office, Google Docs.
- Web Browsers: Chrome, Firefox, Safari.
- Entertainment: Games, media players.
 Storage and Memory
Data storage is a vital component of any computer system. Key types include:

- RAM (Random Access Memory):

- Temporarily holds active programs and data for quick access.
- Volatile storage, meaning it is cleared when the computer is powered off.

- Primary Storage:
- **Hard Disk Drives (HDD)**: High capacity but slower speeds.
- **Solid-State Drives (SSD)**: Faster data access but usually more expensive.
- External devices like USB drives and SD cards provide portable storage.

- Cloud Storage:
- Services like Google Drive, Dropbox, and OneDrive store data remotely.
- Pros: Accessibility from anywhere.
- Cons: Relies on internet connectivity.

Networking and Communication

Modern computers thrive when connected. Key types of networks include:

- Local Area Network (LAN):

- Covers a limited area like a home or office.
- Examples: Sharing printers or files between devices.

- Internet:
- A global network enabling access to websites, cloud services, and online communication.

- Wireless Technologies:
- Wi-Fi: Connects devices to local networks wirelessly.
- Bluetooth: Enables short-range communication between devices like headphones and
smartphones.
 Applications of Computer Systems

Computer systems are central to modern industries, supporting various processes and
innovations:

- Education:
- Tools like e-learning platforms, virtual classrooms, and research databases.
- Example: Using educational software for interactive learning (e.g., Google Classroom,
Zoom).

- Healthcare:
- Management of electronic medical records (EMRs), telemedicine, and advanced medical
imaging.
- Example: MRI machines powered by computer systems for precise imaging and
diagnostics.

- Business:
- Automation of repetitive tasks, efficient data management, and decision-making tools
using analytics.
- Example: Enterprise software like SAP for resource planning.

- Entertainment:
- Enhances creativity with video games, streaming platforms, and social media applications.
- Example: Netflix utilizing computer systems to recommend content based on user
preferences.
 Conclusion
Computer systems have become indispensable in our lives, driving innovation and improving
efficiency across industries. From supporting education to revolutionizing healthcare, their
role continues to expand.
The future promises exciting advancements, such as artificial intelligence (AI), quantum
computing, and increased connectivity through IoT (Internet of Things). These technologies
will redefine possibilities and transform how we live, work, and interact.
- "What do you think will be the most impactful application of AI in the next decade?"