Collateral risk in a real estate business refers to the risk associated with
using property as a form of security for a loan or investment. If a borrower
defaults on the loan or if the value of a property decreases significantly,
there is a risk that a lender may not be able to recoup the full amount of the
loan. For example, at 100% of completion, a building's value Birr 135 million
would serve as strong collateral for the outstanding loan that can reduce the
bank’s collateral risk. A total outstanding loan to be transferred to the
customer is Birr 85 million, the executed work of an entire project as per the
engineering estimation is birr 99 million which is sufficiently secured.
However, the marketability of a building at the time of default may be
questionable due to getting affordable customer may be difficult. To
mitigate the risk, a bank shall monitor the construction progress. The
success of a real estate project often depends on its location and market
demand.