UNIT 2.

THE GENERATION GAP

1. VOCABULARY
No. Word Part of speech Pronunciation Meaning
1. accept (v) /əkˈsɛpt/ chấp nhận
2. achieve (v) /əˈʧiːv/ đạt được
3. adapt (v) /əˈdæpt/ thích nghi, thay đổi cho phù hợp
4. allow (v) /əˈlaʊ/ cho phép
5. control (v) /kənˈtrəʊl/ kiểm soát
6. experience (n/v) /ɪksˈpɪərɪəns/ trải nghiệm
7. experiment (v) /ɪksˈpɛrɪmɛnt/ thí nghiệm, thử nghiệm
8. force (v) /fɔːs/ ép buộc
9. hire (v) /ˈhaɪə/ thuê người làm
10. influence (v) /ˈɪnflʊəns/ gây ảnh hưởng
11. limit (v) /ˈlɪmɪt/ hạn chế
12. respect (v/n) /rɪsˈpɛkt/ tôn trọng/ sự tôn trọng
13. upset (v) /ʌpˈsɛt/ làm khó chịu
14. argument (n) /ˈɑːɡjuːmənt/ sự tranh luận, lý lẽ
15. belief (n) /bɪˈliːf/ niềm tin
16. career (n) /kəˈrɪə/ sự nghiệp
17. characteristics (n) /ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪks/ đặc điểm, đặc tính
18. competition (n) /ˌkɒmpɪˈtɪʃᵊn/ cuộc thi
19. conflict (n) /ˈkɒnflɪkt/ sự xung đột
20. curious (adj) /ˈkjʊərɪəs/ tò mò
21. difference (n) /ˈdɪfrəns/ sự khác biệt
22. disagreement (n) /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːmənt/ sự không đồng tình
23. educational (adj) /ˌɛʤʊˈkeɪʃᵊnᵊl/ (thuộc) giáo dục

24. freedom (n) /ˈfriːdəm/ sự tự do

25. generation (n) /ˌʤɛnəˈreɪʃᵊn/ thế hệ
26. honesty (n) /ˈɒnɪsti/ tính trung thực
27. immigrant (n) /ˈɪmɪɡrənt/ người nhập cư
28. individualism (n) /ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤuəlɪzᵊm/ chủ nghĩa cá nhân
29. Millennial (n) /mɪˈlɛnjəl/ thế hệ Y (những người sinh từ đầu
những năm 1980 đến giữa những
năm 1990)
30. permission (n) /pəˈmɪʃᵊn/ sự cho phép
31. platform (n) /ˈplætfɔːm/ nền tảng
32. technological (adj) /ˌtɛknəˈlɒʤɪkᵊl/ (thuộc) công nghệ
33. valuable (adj) /ˈvæljəbᵊl/ quý giá
2. COLLOCATIONS/ PHRASES
No. Word Part of speech Pronunciation Meaning
34. common (adj-n) /ˈkɒmən/ /ˌkærəktə những đặc điểm chung
characteristics ˈrɪstɪks/
35. critical thinker (np) /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/ /ˈθɪŋkə/ người có tư duy phê phán/
phản biện
36. cultural values (adj-n) /ˈkʌlʧərəl/ /ˈvæljuːz/ những giá trị văn hoá
37. digital native (np) /ˈdɪʤɪtl/ /ˈneɪtɪv/ người được sinh ra ở thời đại
công nghệ và Internet
38. electronic device (adj-n) /ɪlɛkˈtrɒnɪk/ /dɪˈvaɪs/ thiết bị điện tử
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 39. extended family (adj-n) /ɪksˈtɛndɪd/ /ˈfæmɪli/ đại gia đình
40. gender role (np) /ˈʤɛndə/ /rəʊl/ vai trò giới
41. generation gap (np) /ˌʤɛnəˈreɪʃᵊn/ /ɡæp/ khoảng cách thế hệ
42. generational (adj-n) /ˌʤɛnəˈreɪʃᵊnᵊl/ sự xung đột thế hệ
conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/
43. male job (adj-n) /meɪl/ /ʤɒb/ công việc dành cho nam giới
44. music taste (np) /ˈmjuːzɪk/ /teɪst/ gu âm nhạc
45. nuclear family (adj-n) /ˈnjuːklɪə/ /ˈfæmɪli/ gia đình hạt nhân
46. screen time (np) /skriːn/ /taɪm/ thời gian sử dụng thiết bị điện
tử
47. social media (np) /ˈsəʊʃəl/ /ˈmiːdiə/ phương tiện truyền thông
mạng xã hội
48. weight gain (np) /weɪt/ /ɡeɪn/ sự tăng cân
49. adapt to (vp) /əˈdæpt/ /tuː/ thích nghi với
50. argue over (vp) /ˈɑːɡjuː/ /ˈəʊvə/ tranh luận về một cái gì đó
something /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/
51. colour the hair (v-n) /ˈkʌlə/ /ðə/ /heə/ nhuộm tóc
52. damage eyesight (v-n) /ˈdæmɪʤ/ /ˈaɪsaɪt/ ảnh hưởng tới thị lực
53. express opinions (v-n) /ɪksˈprɛs/ /əˈpɪnjənz/ thể hiện ý kiến
54. follow in (vp) /ˈfɒləʊ/ /ɪn/ theo chân ai đó/giống ai đó
somebody’s /ˈsʌmbədiz/
footsteps /ˈfʊtstɛps/
55. have fixed ideas (v-n) /hæv/ /fɪkst/ /aɪˈdɪəz/ có định kiến
56. hold traditional (v-n) /həʊld/ /trə giữ quan điểm truyền thống
view ˈdɪʃᵊnᵊl/ /vjuː/
57. limit screen time (v-n) /ˈlɪmɪt/ /skriːn/ giới hạn thời gian sử dụng
/taɪm/ thiết bị điện tử
58. make decisions (v-n) /meɪk/ /dɪˈsɪʒənz/ đưa ra quyết định
59. rely on (vp) /rɪˈlaɪ/ /ɒn/ dựa vào
60. suit somebody’s (vp) /sjuːt/ /ˈsʌmbədiz/ phù hợp với nhu cầu của ai đó
need /niːd/
61. take away (vp) /teɪk/ /əˈweɪ/ lấy đi
62. try something out (vp) /traɪ/ /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/ /aʊt/ dùng thử/ kiểm tra
3. WORD FORMATION
No. Word Part of speech Pronunciation Meaning
63. culture (n) /ˈkʌlʧə/ văn hoá
64. cultural (adj) /ˈkʌlʧərəl/ (thuộc về) văn hoá
65. difference (n) /ˈdɪfrəns/ sự khác biệt
66. different (adj) /ˈdɪfrənt/ khác biệt
67. generation (n) /ˌʤɛnəˈreɪʃᵊn/ thế hệ
68. generational (adj) /ˌʤɛnəˈreɪʃᵊnᵊl/ (thuộc) thế hệ
69. tradition (n) /trəˈdɪʃᵊn/ truyền thống
70. traditional (adj) /trəˈdɪʃᵊnᵊl/ (thuộc) truyền thống
71. value (n/v) /ˈvæljuː/ giá trị/coi trọng
72. valuable (adj) /ˈvæljəbᵊl/ quý giá
I. PRONUNCIATION
Task 1. Find the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each
of the following questions.
1. A. belief B. express C. gender D. Millennial
2. A. nuclear B. critical C. curious D. accept
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3. A. hire B. conflict C. limit D. influence
4. A. hold B. honesty C. housework D. historical
5. A. generation B. digital C. argue D. damage
6. A. take B. male C. native D. argument
7. A. job B. role C. follow D. electronic
8. A. family B. value C. media D. characteristic
9. A. suit B. screen C. social D. individualism
10. A. device B. difference C. thinker D. experience

Task 2. Find the word that differs from the other three in the position of stress in each of the
following questions.
1. A. argument B. nuclear C. belief D. gender
2. A. value B. experience C. thinker D. curious
3. A. millennial B. digital C. freedom D. honesty
4. A. express B. native C. media D. platform
5. A. influence B. limit C. damage D. opinion
6. A. conflict B. eyesight C. characteristic D. common
7. A. music B. social C. footstep D. extended
8. A. follow B. accept C. hire D. family
9. A. adapt B. difference C. parent D. children
10. A. generational B. individualism C. housework D. electronic

II. VOCABULARY
Task 1. Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.

1. nuclear family a. people who are born between around 1981 and 1996
2. extended family b. jobs which are traditionally perceived to be in charge of by men
3. Millennial c. people who have grown up in the digital age and are familiar with
using digital technologies from an early age.
4. conflict d. differences between older and younger people in terms of experiences,
opinions, habits, and behaviour
5. generation gap e. a family consisting of two parents and their children
6. male jobs f. the feeling of being certain that something exists or is true
7. gender roles g. the belief in valuing personal freedom and independence over group
interests.
8. digital natives h. an active disagreement between people with different opinions.
9. belief i. a family consisting of grandparents, aunts, and uncles, etc, in addition
to parents and children
10. individualism j. behaviours, attitudes, and personality characteristics determined by an
individual’s sex

Task 2. Complete the following sentences with suitable words from Task 1.
1. ___________________ is often highly valued in Western cultures, emphasising personal freedom and
independence.
2. ___________________ have changed significantly over time, with more women taking on traditionally
male roles in the workplace and at home.
3. There can be a significant ___________________ between parents and their children, especially in
terms of cultural values and technology use.
4. My brother was born in 1996 and is considered as a ___________________.
5. Many elders hold a strong __________________ that women must do all the housework and childcare.

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6. In a lot of cultures, the ___________________, including family members of many generations, is
highly valued for its support and guidance.
7. Many young people today are considered ___________________, having grown up with technology.
8. The difference in viewpoints resulted in a ___________________ between my friend and I.
9. Historically, manual labour and physically demanding jobs have been classified as ________________.
10. A _________________, consisting of just parents and their children, become more popular nowadays.

Task 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
1. Our family avoid arguing ______ trivial matters as we want to stay happy when we are at home.
A. on B. through C. over D. into
2. Each individual in the society needs to ______ their family when they encounter challenges and
difficulties.
A. run into B. rely on C. come round D. get through
3. Gen Z can easily ______ to changes as they are creative and adventurous.
A. adapt B. accept C. build D. follow
4. Blue light from smartphones or laptops can ______ eyesight. Therefore, children will suffer from eye
problems.
A. heal B. generate C. mend D. damage
5. Young people are able to ______ with platforms to suit their needs. They do not hesitate to try new
things.
A. experiment B. cultivate C. emphasise D. force
6. Parents need to ______ electronic devices from their children if they overuse them.
A. make off B. takeaway C. put down D. setup
7. Young people see many people lose their jobs, so they think it is safer to be their own bosses rather
than to be ______ by an employer.
A. reduced B. prepared C. hired D. experienced
8. The cultural ______ of Viet Nam have been passed down from generation to generation.
A. contributions B. gaps C. attitudes D. values
9. The current generation heavily relies on ______ for communication, entertainment, and accessing
information.
A. electronic devices B. music tastes C. screen time D. competitions
10. The younger generation should be taught to ______ others, regardless of age or background.
A. upset B. limit C. respect D. control

Task 4. Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the
following questions.
1. Minh is always curious as he is keen on trying new things especially those related to technology.
A. indifferent B. interested C. uninformed D. naive
2. Younger generations now have more freedom in expressing their opinions in particular and themselves
in general.
A. improvement B. restriction C. attitude D. difference
3. The new generation needs to adapt quickly to the fast-changing world as their peers can leave them
behind if they do not.
A. negotiate B. refresh C. permit D. neglect
4. Children have to ask for their parents’ permission before using electronic devices.
A. acceptance B. approval C. freedom D. disagreement
5. According to my boss, honesty is one of the most important characteristics to look for in a candidate
when they apply for the job.
A. sincerity B. principle C. cheating D. multifacet
Task 5. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets.
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 1. People from different generations may sometimes get into __________________ over viewpoints.
(ARGUE)
2. Hung is a __________________ thinker. He always tries to look into things from different aspects
and contributes to work out a better solution. (CRITIC)
3. Children nowadays can make use of __________________ media very easily. They learn things
faster than their previous generations. (SOCIETY)
4. People of the same generations often share common __________________.(BELIEVE)
5. Parents often encourage their children to follow their native country’s __________________
values. (CULTURE)
6. Each generation has __________________ experiences, values, and perspectives.
(DIFFERENCE)
7. My father and I have a common __________________. We usually look at things on the bright
side and never give up. (CHARACTER)
8. Living in an __________________ family has several benefits. For example, children can play
with their cousins, which is fun. (EXTEND)
9. The younger generation brings __________________ opinions and innovative ideas to the
company. (VALUE)
10. The __________________ conflicts within the family can get worse if family members do not
spend quality time with each other. (GENERATION)

Task 6. Choose the correct word or phrase to complete the sentences.

1. The new generation has the potential to achieve / allow great things with their skills and
determination.
2. The older generation should not force / upset their beliefs and ideas upon the younger generation.
3. The younger generation prioritises technological / educational opportunities such as higher study.
4. It is important for teenagers to ask for their parents’ career / permission before going out late.
5. Unhealthy eating habits and lack of physical activity can contribute to weight gain / control in
children.

III. GRAMMAR
Task 1. Choose the appropriate modal verb.
1. Children must / mustn’t recognize the importance of family traditions and cultural values, even if
they may seem outdated in the modern world.
2. Grandparents shouldn’t / should learn how to use smartphones or social media to stay connected
with their grandchildren.
3. Children have to / don’t have to respect old people because they have lots of life experiences.
4. Parents mustn’t / don’t have to force their children to follow their jobs; instead, they should give
advice and let their children choose their own careers.
5. Older generations must / had to rely on physical newspapers or books for information, but today’s
youth don’t have to, thanks to the internet.
6. Teenagers must / mustn’t appreciate the efforts their parents make for them, even if they don’t
always agree.
7. Teenagers should / shouldn’t listen to their parents’ advice and guidance, as they can help them
overcome difficult situations.
8. In previous generations, women had to / must follow specific gender roles, but today they don’t
have to / mustn’t limit their dreams and can pursue any career they like.

Task 2. Choose the correct answers.

1. In the past, young adults ______ follow social norms and expectations regarding relationships and
marriage, but now they have more freedom.
A. didn’t have to B. had to C. must D. mustn’t
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2. Parents ______ spend quality time with their children to build a strong relationship.
A. should B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. don’t have to
3. Children ______ always obey their parents’ instructions.
A. have to B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. had to
4. Teenagers ______ communicate openly with their parents about their problems.
A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. don’t have to D. should
5. In the near future, parents ______ accept that technology will play a vital role in their children’s lives,
even if they may not fully comprehend it themselves.
A. must B. will have to C. mustn’t D. won’t have to

Task 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the mistake in each of the following sentences and
correct it.
1. In the past, children had to obey their parents without question their authority.
A. In B. had to C. without D. question
2. The generation gap between grandparents and grandchildren can lead to differences on musical
preferences and tastes.
A. between B. lead to C. on D. tastes
3. The generation gap can effect fashion trends and styles, with each generation having their own unique
sense of fashion and aesthetic preferences.
A. effect B. with C. having D. of
4. Younger generations don’t have to rely solely at traditional sources of information; they can access
knowledge through the Internet.
A. don’t have to B. at C. access D. through
5. Children don’t have to take responsibility for their actions and face the consequences.
A. don’t have to B. take C. for D. consequences

IV. READING
Task 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word
that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Generational conflicts are an (1) ______ aspect of human interaction, arising from the differing
beliefs, values, and experiences of individuals from different age (2) ______. These conflicts often appear
as a result of social and cultural changes (3) ______ shape each generation’s perspectives and attitudes.
One common source of generational conflict is the technological matter. Younger generations, (4)
______ have grown up in the digital age, tend to be more used to using technology and embracing new
digital platforms. (5) ______, older generations may struggle to adapt (6) ______ rapidly evolving
technologies, leading to misunderstandings and communication gaps.
Moreover, generational conflicts can stem from differences (7) ______ social norms and values.
Each generation is influenced by the common social, political, and economic conditions of their time,
which shape their beliefs and behaviours. These differences can lead to arguments over issues such as
social justice, environmental sustainability, and (8) ______ practices.
To prevent generational conflicts, it is crucial to promote understanding and open dialogue
between generations. Recognizing and appreciating the unique perspectives and experiences of (9)
______ generation can help narrow the gaps and promote mutual respect. By actively listening,
embracing diversity, and finding (10) ______ ground, we can avoid generational conflicts.

1. A. inevitable B. uncertain C. impossible D. unlikely

2. A. gatherings B. teams C. groups D. gangs
3. A. who B. when C. where D. which
4. A. that B. who C. which D. why
5. A. Therefore B. In addition C. In contrast D. Next
6. A. to B. in C. at D. over
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7. A. on B. for C. of D. in
8. A. culture B. cultures C. cultural D. cultured
9. A. any B. some C. each D. few
10. A. usual B. finite C. refined D. common

Task 2. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.
Family conflicts are an inherent part of human relationships, stemming from the diverse
personalities, perspectives, and dynamics within a family unit. These conflicts can arise due to various
factors, including differences in values, communication styles, and expectations.
One common source of family conflict is different values and beliefs. Each family member may
have their own set of values and principles, influenced by their upbringing, personal experiences, and
social influences. These differences can lead to disagreements, particularly when it comes to important
decisions or lifestyle choices.
Communication breakdowns also contribute to family conflicts. Ineffective communication,
whether it be through misinterpretation, misunderstandings, or lack of active listening, can exacerbate
tensions and escalate conflicts within the family. Different communication styles and approaches further
complicate matters, as individuals may have varying preferences for directness, assertiveness, or
emotional expression.
Moreover, unfulfilled expectations often become a source of conflict within families. Each family
member may have their own set of expectations regarding roles, responsibilities, and behaviours. When
these expectations are not met, it can lead to disappointment, resentment, and conflicts.
Resolving family conflicts requires open and honest communication and empathy. Active
listening, seeking to understand others’ perspectives, and finding common ground can help bridge the
gaps and foster understanding within the family unit. Family members should also be willing to adapt and
adjust their expectations for peaceful coexistence.

1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Reasons for Family Conflicts B. How Conflicts Affect Family
C. How to Avoid Family Conflicts D. Disadvantages of Conflicts
2. A person’s beliefs and principles are NOT influenced by ______.
A. social factors B. personal experiences
C. upbringing environment D. disagreements
3. The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to ______.
A. belief B. family conflict
C. ineffective communication D. tension
4. The word “exacerbate” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. mend B. worsen C. fulfil D. thrive
5. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Conflicts may result from people feeling disappointed when their expectations are not met.
B. Family members need to listen and find common ground to understand each other better.
C. People don’t have to give up their desires to get along with each other.
D. The differences in communication styles can lead to family conflicts.

Task 3. Read the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T), false (F) or not
given (NG).
Communication conflicts among different generations are a prevalent issue in contemporary
society. As each generation is shaped by unique experiences, values, and communication styles,
misunderstandings and conflicts often arise. These conflicts result from a lack of understanding and
empathy for each other’s perspectives.
One significant contributing factor to these conflicts is the rapid advancement of technology.
Older generations may struggle to adapt to the digital age, while younger generations are immersed in it.
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This difference in technological proficiency can create a gap in communication. For instance, older
individuals might find it challenging to use social media platforms or new modes of communication like
emojis and abbreviations. On the other hand, younger individuals may overlook the importance of face-
to-face conversations and rely heavily on text-based interactions.
Moreover, different attitudes towards authority and social ranking can also lead to communication
conflicts. Older generations often value respect to authority figures, while younger generations tend to
prioritise equality and question traditional social ranking. These contrasting viewpoints can result in
misunderstandings and disagreements during discussions or decision-making processes.
To address communication conflicts among different generations, fostering empathy and open-
mindedness is crucial. Both younger and older individuals must make an effort to understand each other’s
communication styles, preferences, and underlying values. This can be achieved through active listening,
patience, and a willingness to learn from one another. Additionally, bridging the digital gap through inter-
generational technology training programs can help older individuals feel more included and competent in
the digital age.
_______ 1. Older generations find it hard to understand new forms of communications like abbreviation.
_______ 2. Younger generations show their respect to authority figures.
_______ 3. Digital gap is not a cause for communication breakdown.
_______ 4. Nowadays, different generations do not often talk to each other.
_______ 5. A technology training program including both young and old generations can help reduce the
digital gap.

V. WRITING
Task 1. Reorder the given words and phrases to form meaningful sentences.
1. should / connect / ones. / generations / with / younger / technology / to / Older / access (10 words)
-> __________________________________________________________________________________
2. must / customs. / respect / people / parents’ / traditional / and / Young / values / their (10 words)
-> __________________________________________________________________________________
3. face-to-face / relationships. / people / to / Young / interactions / must / build / stronger / prioritise
(10 words)
-> __________________________________________________________________________________
4. workplace. / the / value / of / professionals / Newcomers / experiences / should / the / older / in.
(11 words)
-> __________________________________________________________________________________
5. today’s / recognize / digital / Older / importance / in / people / the / should / of / literacy / world.
(12 words)
-> __________________________________________________________________________________

Task 2. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
given sentences.
1. Teenagers should be more patient when communicating with their parents and grandparents.
A. Teenagers should have more patience when talking to their parents and grandparents.
B. Grandparents and parents need to be more patient when talking to teenagers.
C. Teenagers find it hard to be with their parents and grandparents.
D. Communication is hard between teenagers and their parents and grandparents.
2. He is older than you. You cannot treat him like that.
A. You treat him like you are older than him.
B. You mustn’t treat him that way as he is older than you.
C. You should treat him the same regardless of his age.
D. Although he is older, you don’t have to treat him differently.
3. Using laptops and smartphones too much leads to sleep and weight problems.
A. There are no connections between laptop and smartphone use and sleep or weight.
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 B. Sleep and weight problems are unrelated to the use of laptops and smartphones.
C. The more you use laptops and smartphones, the more sleep and weight problems you will have.
D. The more you use laptops and smartphones, the more sleep and weight benefits you’ll have.
4. Asian American parents may fail to have their children follow the family traditional values.
A. Asian American parents find it effortless to pass down traditional values to their children.
B. Asian American parents may not always succeed in passing down their family’s traditional
values to their children.
C. Asian American parents easily maintain their children’s devotion to traditional values.
D. The failure of Asian American parents to promote traditional values is uncommon.
5. Many Gen Zers are also interested in starting their own companies.
A. Gen Zers lack interest in starting their own businesses.
B. Only a few Gen Zers show enthusiasm for establishing their own companies.
C. Generation Z is mainly uninterested in starting their own businesses.
D. A number of Gen Zers have a keen interest in starting their own companies.

Task 3. Write a paragraph (120-150 words) about this topic.

- Parents should control their children’s activities on social media.
- Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

VI. SPEAKING
Task 1. Answer the following questions.
1. How often do you spend time talking with your parents?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

2. What are some differences in beliefs between you and your parents?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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Task 2. Describe a time when you had a difficulty related to the generation gap in 2-3 minutes.
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VII. LISTENING
Task 1. Listen to three people talking about their conflict with their parents and decide which
speaker mentions each conflict You can listen to each recording TWICE.

Speaker: Conflict
Money management
Independence and control
Communication and understanding

Task 2. Listen to a talk about teenagers’ conflict with their parents and decide if the following
statements are true (T) or false (F). You can listen to each recording TWICE.
_______ 1. Conflict with parents is common for everyone, including well-behaved individuals.
_______ 2. Conflict with parents can lead to unhappiness and stress for both parties involved.
_______ 3. Conflict with parents only impacts mental health.
_______ 4. Teenagers should consider the reasons for their arguments with their parents and be in their
parents’ opinion.
_______ 5. Teenagers should communicate with their parents instead of staying silent.

C. BÀI KIỂM TRA

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. digital B. millennial C. device D. limit
Question 2: A. conflict B. influence C. critical D. colour

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the
primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3: A. electronic B. generational C. traditional D. individualism
Question 4: A. conflict B. accept C. rely D. adapt

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 5: According to the nutritionist, children ______ avoid sugar drinks before bedtime so that they
will not get diabetes.
A. will B. have to C. may D. can
Question 6: You ______ take regular exercise and maintain a balanced diet to lead a healthy life.
A. might B. should not C. might not D. should
Question 7: He is a ______ thinker. He has sharp ideas and tries to see things in many aspects.
A. critic B. criticism C. critical D. criticising
Question 8: Why don’t you try it ______? It can be a great way to connect with your parents.
A. up B. of C. through D. out
Question 9: You need to ______ your parents’ love for you. They worked hard to bring you up.
A. disregard B. show C. value D. indicate
Question 10: Don’t ______ someone else too much. You should be more independent.
A. rely on B. put up C. come across D. run out
Question 11: Generations often ______ social values and norms, reflecting the difference of perspectives.
A. argue over B. bond over C. make over D. push over
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Question 12: Different generations ______ agree on everything, but it is important to engage in open-
minded discussions.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. don’t have to D. have to
Question 13: I suggest that GenZ ______ be encouraged to develop their digital skills and passion for
social change.
A. mustn’t B. should C. may D. have
Question 14: Linh lives in a/an ______ family. It has 3 generations: her grandparents, her parents and
she.
A. nuclear B. small C. affected D. extended
Question 15: We ______ be rude when communicating with individuals from different age groups.
A. have to B. can C. mustn’t D. don’t have to
Question 16: My father and I have many ______ characteristics. People say that I take after him.
A. usual B. common C. physical D. generational
Question 17: Being a digital ______, Hai easily adapts to new technologies and effortlessly uses digital
tools for various aspects of his life.
A. nation B. nativeness C. national D. native
Question 18: ______ is a defining trait of GenZ, as they prioritise personal autonomy and independence
in shaping their identities and making life choices.
A. Individualism B. Individual C. Individualise D. Individually
Question 19: When discussing generational differences, we ______ generalise or stereotype entire
generations.
A. should B. have to C. don’t have to D. shouldn’t

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
Question 20: A boy and his father are talking in the house.
Boy: “Dad, is it ok if I go to the cinema with my friends tonight?
Father: “______. You have a lot of homework to complete.”
A. That’s very nice of you. B. I don’t completely agree.
C. I couldn’t agree with you more. D. I’m afraid you can’t.
Question 21: Two people are talking about an album.
A: “Can I see your family photo album?” - B: “______.”
A. Of course, you can. B. Don’t mention it.
C. My pleasure. D. You are welcome.

Mark the letter A, B, C, D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in
each of the following questions.
Question 22: Too much screen time and prolonged exposure to bright screens can gradually damage
eyesight over time.
A. extended B. redundant C. mild D. sensible
Question 23: The traditional view often emphasises preserving cultural customs and following
established social norms.
A. ignores B. showcases C. understates D. highlights

Mark the letter A, B, C, D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in
each of the following questions.
Question 24: Generational conflict arises as differing perspectives and experiences lead to clashes
between different age groups.
A. battle B. harmony C. competition D. difference
Question 25: One characteristic of the generation gap is the clear contrast in attitudes, values, and
preferences between different age groups.
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 A. distinction B. opposition C. diversity D. similarity

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
Question 26: The generation gap often leads to misunderstandings and communicative challenges. One
typical example is failure in communication among family members.
A. leads to B. communicative C. typical D. in
Question 27: GenZ is characterised by their digital nativeness, technological fluency, and strong desire in
social changes.
A. characterised B. fluency C. strong D. in
Question 28: You don’t have to disregard your grandparents’ efforts in embracing technology. You
should help them with it.
A. don’t have to B. in C. should D. with

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the blanks.
Nostalgia is a complex emotion that involves reconnecting with the happy emotions of an
idealised past by (29) ______ positive memories.
Over the years, marketers have realised that nostalgia is a powerful way to recall positive
emotions - so much so that nostalgia marketing has become a (30) ______ marketing strategy. It uses
positive memories and feelings associated with the past to create an emotional connection with
consumers.
A wealth of research shows that nostalgia can result (31) ______ consumers being willing to pay
more, enhance brand ties, increased purchase intention and increased digital brand engagement.
Nostalgia may be a driving factor behind people purchasing flip phones (32) ______ they use
memories of a previous era in mobile communication.
But nostalgia marketing doesn’t just target the younger generation - it’s also a powerful tool for
advertising to those (33) ______ grew up using older mobile devices. Nokia is an example of a company
that understands this well.
A YouTube advertisement for Nokia’s 2720 V Flip shows how brands can use nostalgia
marketing to appeal to customers and drive product sales.
Source: https://theconversation.com/gen-z-goes-retro-why-the-younger-generation-is-ditching-
smartphones-for-dumb-phones-204992
Question 29: A. repeating B. recalling C. putting D. delaying
Question 30: A. recognise B. recognising C. recognised D. recognition
Question 31: A. of B. in C. from D. through
Question 32: A. but B. so C. yet D. as
Question 33: A. who B. which C. why D. where

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.
Family conflicts within immigrant families can arise due to the challenges of adapting to a new
culture, language barriers, and generational differences. Immigrants often face the difficult task of
reconciling their native customs and traditions with those of the host country, while their children may
adopt the values and practices of their new surroundings.
One source of conflict stems from the fight between traditional values and the desire for
adaptation. Parents may hold the customs and beliefs of their homeland, while their children strive to
conform to the norms of their new society. This can lead to misunderstandings, disagreements, and a
sense of cultural disconnection within the family.
Language barriers also contribute to family conflicts. Parents who are less proficient in the host
country’s language may struggle to communicate effectively with their children, resulting in
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misinterpretations and frustrations on both sides. This can create a divide and hinder the development of
strong familial bonds.
Generational differences further complicate matters. Children growing up in a new cultural
environment may adopt different attitudes, behaviours, and aspirations compared to their parents.
Conflicts may arise when expectations clash, such as in career choices, relationships, or educational
pursuits.
To address these conflicts, open dialogue and mutual respect are vital. Family members should
actively listen and empathise with one another, striving to understand the unique challenges each
individual faces. Cultivating an atmosphere of acceptance and appreciation for both the native and host
cultures can help bridge the gap and foster stronger familial ties.

Question 34: Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Family Conflicts within Immigrant Families: Why?
B. Generational Differences among Family Members
C. Challenges When Living Abroad
D. Acceptance and Appreciation Atmosphere for Families
Question 35: The word “their” in paragraph 1 refers to ______.
A. families’ B. children’s C. immigrants’ D. members’
Question 36: The word “stems’’ in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. stops B. arises C. hinders D. pursues
Question 37: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Parents do not find it hard to communicate with their children in the host country’s language.
B. Language barriers can badly affect familial bonds.
C. Children in immigrant families may have different opinions in career choices and relationships
from their parents’.
D. Generational differences can make family conflicts worse.
Question 38: What is a suggested approach to addressing family conflicts within immigrant families?
A. Ignoring the cultural differences and focusing on career choices.
B. Promoting conformity to the norms of the host country.
C. Encouraging open dialogue and mutual respect.
D. Emphasizing the adoption of traditional values.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.
For many years, knowing how to market to Millennials was the hot ticket for most marketers.
Today, advertisers are wrapping their heads around how to reach their younger counterparts, Gen Z -
the generation that often feels like they’re ahead of the rest of us.
While marketers are quickly shifting their attention to each incoming generation, they’re missing
one key insight that’s been bubbling beneath the surface: no generation is the same, but no one in a
generation is the same, either.
People across every generation are defying norms more and more. More single women own
houses than men. Men are going back to college in their 60s. Early-career workers are leading the great
resignation rather than taking whatever job they can get after college. Women are delaying having
children. And the list goes on.
The truth is, people are “growing up” at different rates or redefining what it means to grow in the
first place. This variation inside generations creates a challenge for marketers, how do you market to
changing peer groups?
Avoid ageism in your marketing
While this insight might sound obvious, it’s not obviously put into practice in marketing. For
instance, one study found that “variation in ageing successfully or in lifestyles is not promoted in
advertising.” Another survey from AARP found that 69% of consumers ages 50 and older say media
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images are ageist. This could affect younger groups, too. New research suggests ‘acute’ ageism could be
an even bigger problem for younger cohorts.
Make your language more inclusive
How you refer to age groups or generations could keep customers (or top talent) away. Whether
it’s women reentering the workforce or retired professionals seeking returnships, these individuals want
to go where they’ll feel like they belong. And since your employees are a reflection of your company, one
way to combat this is how you speak internally.
Source: https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbescontentmarketing/202l/10/15/how-to-bridge-the- age-gap-in-
marketing/?sh=1d64fec267fd

Question 39: Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Difficulties in Marketing B. Marketing for Gen Z
C. Social Norms in Marketing D. Narrowing the Age Gap in Marketing
Question 40: The phrase “wrapping their heads around” in paragraph 1 mostly means ______.
A. trying to understand B. struggling to understand
C. overlooking something D. succeeding in accepting
Question 41: The word “defying” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. opposing B. agreeing C. obeying D. praising
Question 42: The word “they” in paragraph 3 refers to ______.
A. single women B. men in their 60s C. early-career workers D. marketers
Question 43: For many years, marketers focus on targeting ______.
A. gen Zs B. millennials C. old people D. single women
Question 44: According to paragraph 3, ______.
A. women now have children later than previous generations.
B. men cannot pursue education when they are old.
C. people try to have whatever jobs they can get after graduating.
D. many single women do not own a house.
Question 45: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Each generation is unique.
B. When old people or women return to work; they want to be in the place they feel belonged to.
C. Language used to indicate generations donot have an impact on attracting customers.
D. Many old people say that media images include age-discrimination.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following
questions.
Question 46: Parents find it hard to catch up with technological advances.
A. Parents shouldn’t bother with technological advances.
B. It is hard for parents to keep up with technological advances.
C. Parents must catch up with technological advances.
D. Technological advances do not cause any difficulties for parents.
Question 47: “Do you have any disagreements with your parents?” Linh asked Nga.
A. Linh asked Nga if she had any disagreements with her friends.
B. Linh asked Nga if she has any agreements with her parents.
C. Linh asked Nga if she had any disagreements with her parents.
D. Linh asked Nga if she had had any disagreements with her parents.
Question 48: It is unnecessary for you to stay at home and do all the housework.
A. You mustn’t stay at home and do all the housework.
B. You don’t have to stay at home and do all the housework.
C. You should stay at home and do all the housework.
D. You may stay at home and do all the housework.

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Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the
following questions.
Question 49: My father sacrificed a lot for me. Because of him, I could go to college.
A. But for my father’s sacrifice, I could not have gone to college.
B. Without my father’s sacrifice, I could go to college.
C. Because of my father’s sacrifice, I could not have gone to college.
D. Despite my father’s sacrifice, I could not go to college.
Question 50: You do not often talk to your parents. That’s why they cannot understand you.
A. If you talk to your parents more often, they will understand you.
B. Your parents cannot understand you even if you talk to them more often.
C. You do not understand your parents because you cannot talk to them.
D. If you talked to your parents more often, they could understand you.

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