US 1578-1

UGANDA STANDARD
First Edition
2017-06-20

Pillows for domestic use — Specification — Part 1: Synthetic-

fibre filled

Reference number
US 1578-1: 2017

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Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations

A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users are
responsible for its correct application

© UNBS 2017

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without prior written
permission from UNBS.

Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to

The Executive Director

Uganda National Bureau of Standards
P.O. Box 6329
Kampala
Uganda
Tel: +256 414 333 250/1/2/3
Fax: +256 414 286 123
E-mail: info@unbs.go.ug
Web: www.unbs.go.ug

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Contents Page

Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................ iv
1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................ 1
3 Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................................... 1
4 Requirements ......................................................................................................................................... 2
4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 2
4.2 Construction .......................................................................................................................................... 2
4.3 Materials and components ................................................................................................................... 2
4.3.1 Casing fabric .......................................................................................................................................... 2
4.3.2 Synthetic-fibre filling ............................................................................................................................. 3
4.3.3 Sewing thread ........................................................................................................................................ 3
4.4 Finished dimensions ............................................................................................................................. 3
4.5 Stitches and seams ............................................................................................................................... 4
4.5.1 Stitches ................................................................................................................................................... 4
4.5.2 Seams ..................................................................................................................................................... 4
5 Packing ................................................................................................................................................... 4
6 Marking ................................................................................................................................................... 4
6.1 Pillows .................................................................................................................................................... 4
6.2 Bulk containers ...................................................................................................................................... 5
7 Inspection ............................................................................................................................................... 5
7.4 Test specimen ........................................................................................................................................ 5
Annex A (normative) Determination of mass per unit area ........................................................................... 7
A.1 Apparatus ............................................................................................................................................... 7
A.2 Test specimen ........................................................................................................................................ 7
A.3 Procedure ............................................................................................................................................... 7
A.4 Calculation ............................................................................................................................................. 7
Annex B (normative) Resistance to opening at seams ................................................................................. 8
B.1 Apparatus and materials ...................................................................................................................... 8
B.2 Sampling and preparation of test specimens .................................................................................... 8
B.3 Procedure ............................................................................................................................................... 9
Annex C (informative) Determination of fibre length ................................................................................... 10
C.1 Apparatus and materials .................................................................................................................... 10
C.2 Procedure ............................................................................................................................................. 10

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Foreword

Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry of Trade, Industry and
Cooperatives established under Cap 327, of the Laws of Uganda, as amended. UNBS is mandated to co-
ordinate the elaboration of standards and is
(a) a member of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and

(b) a contact point for the WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius Commission on Food Standards, and

(c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT Agreement of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).

The work of preparing Uganda Standards is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical
Committee is established to deliberate on standards in a given field or area and consists of key stakeholders
including government, academia, consumer groups, private sector and other interested parties.
Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committee are widely circulated to stakeholders and the
general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments before recommending the draft standards
for approval and declaration as Uganda Standards by the National Standards Council.
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee UNBS/TC 7, Textile, leather, paper and
related products’, Subcommittee SC 1, Textile and related products

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UGANDA STANDARD US 1578-1: 2017

Pillows for domestic use — Specification — Part 1: Synthetic-

fibre filled

1 Scope
This Uganda Standard specifies the requirements, sampling and test methods for synthetic-fibre filled pillows
for domestic use.

2 Normative references
The following referenced documents referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

US ISO 105-C10, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part C10: Colour fastness to washing with soap or
soap and soda

US ISO 105-D01, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part D01: Colour fastness to drycleaning using
perchloroethylene solvent

US ISO 139, Textiles — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing

US ISO 1833-1, Textiles -- Quantitative chemical analysis -- Part 1: General principles of testing

US ISO 3758, Textiles — Care labelling code using symbols

US ISO 4915, Textiles —Stitch types — Classification and terminology

US ISO 4916, Textiles —Seam types — Classification and terminology

US ISO 13934-1, Textiles — Tensile properties of fabrics — Part 1: Determination of maximum force and
elongation at maximum force using the strip method

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp

3.1
casing
textile fabric envelope that contains the filling

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US 1578-1: 2017

3.2
filling
insulating material within the casing of a pillow

3.3
gauge (stitch-bond fabric)
number of row of stitches per 25 mm width of fabric

4 Requirements

4.1 General

Pillows shall be:

a) cut and made with first-class workmanship throughout;

b) free from defects that could affect their appearance or their serviceability (or both);

c) made such that all seams are smooth and all sewing is free from twists, pleats and puckers;

d) sufficiently extensible to prevent seam-cracking and undue shrinkage in use;

e) made such that all ends of sewing have been trimmed and loose threads removed;

f) made such that the ends of sewing that are not secured in seams or in other sewing are adequately
backstitched;

g) of uniform colour and finish;

h) capable of being cleaned in accordance with the care instructions, without giving rise to any defect,
such as puckering, lumpiness or tears; and

i) delivered in a clean and commercially dry condition.

4.2 Construction

A pillow shall consist of a casing made from one piece of fabric (or from two equally sized pieces of fabric)
enclosing a synthetic-fibre filling. The mass per unit area of the filling (including the surface stabilizer), when
tested in accordance with Annex A, shall be at least 1 250 g/m 2 for baby pillows and at least 1 450 g/m 2 for the
other sizes.

4.3 Materials and components

4.3.1 Casing fabric

The casing fabric shall either be a woven fabric or a stitch-bond fabric of at least 14 gauge that complies with
the requirements given in Table 1 when tested in accordance with the methods specified therein.

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Table 1 — Requirements for casing fabric for synthetic-fibre filled pillows for domestic use

Characteristic Requirement Test method

Fibre composition, % Shall comply with the US ISO 1833-1

stated composition

Mass per unit areaa, g/m2, min. 90 Annex A

Breaking strengthb N, min.

i) warp 350
US ISO 13934-1
ii) weft 200

Resistance to opening at seamsc, N, min. 65 Annex B

a) washingd, min.
i) change in colour, 4
rating
US ISO 105-C10
ii) staining of transfer 4
cloths, rating

Colour fastness to: b) dry-cleaningd, min.

i) change in colour, 4
rating
US ISO 105-D01
ii) staining of transfer 4
cloths, rating
a As stated on the label (see 6.1 b), subject to tolerance of ± 3 % of the indicated value in the case of blended
fabrics
b Application to non-woven fabrics only
c Applicable to woven fabrics only
d Applicable only as indicated by the care instructions (see 6.1 e)

4.3.2 Synthetic-fibre filling

The synthetic-fibre filling, when tested in accordance with US ISO 1833-1, shall consist entirely of clean,
crimped continuous filaments or staple synthetic-fibres. The length of staple synthetic fibres shall be at least
30 mm. The fibres shall be thermo-bonded or resin-bonded and the blend of melting fibres shall not exceed 30
%.

4.3.3 Sewing thread

Any appropriate type of sewing thread may be used, provided that the minimum breaking strength of the
thread is at least 8 N.

4.4 Finished dimensions

Unless otherwise specified, the dimensions of the made-up pillow shall be one of the combinations given in
Table 2, Columns 2 and 3. The actual dimensions, determined in accordance with D.3, shall be equivalent to
the stated dimensions, subject to the relevant tolerance of ± 3 %.

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Table 2 — Requirements for unfilled casing dimensions for synthetic-fibre filled pillows for domestic
use

1 2 3
Pillow size Dimensions
cm ± 3 %
Width Length

Baby (small) 30 40
Medium 45 70
Large 80 80

4.5 Stitches and seams

4.5.1 Stitches

Stitches shall comply with the following requirements according to US ISO 4915:

a) stitch type:

i) binding: Stitch type 301 or 401;

ii) edge-overlocking: Stitch type 505 or 502; and

iii) all other stitching: Stitch type 301; and

b) number of stitches per 10 cm: at least 24 stitches per 10 cm.

4.5.2 Seams

Seams shall comply with the following requirements according to US ISO 4916:

a) general: edge-over locked closing seams of seam type SSn-1 shall be of width at least 4 mm. All
other seams shall be of width at least 8 mm; and

b) closing seams: Seam type SSc-a, BSc-1, SSa-1, SSav-2 or SSn-1.

5 Packing
Pillows shall be individually wrapped in a wrapper and then packed in a suitable bulk container unless
otherwise required. Pillows of the same colour of casing and dimensions and that contain the same type of
filling shall be packed together in a bulk container, unless the quantities ordered are such that packing of the
same colour of casing and dimensions are not justified.

6 Marking

6.1 Pillows

The following information shall be legibly and indelibly marked on a label that is securely attached to an edge
of, or on top (near one of the corners) of each pillow:

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a) manufacturer’s name and/or trade mark;

b) dimensions, in centimetres;

c) composition of the casing fabric and of the filling, for example; Casing fabric: All cotton; filling
polyester fibre;

d) country of origin; and

e) care instruction in accordance with US ISO 3758.

6.2 Bulk containers

The following information shall be legibly and indelibly marked on the outside of each bulk container:

a) information required in 6.1;

b) description of the contents; and

c) quantity of pillows.

7 Inspection

7.1 General

After checking for compliance with the relevant requirements given in Clause 4, visually examine each pillow
in the sample for compliance with the requirements of 6.1.

7.2 Conditioning of pillows

The fabric should be conditioned according to US ISO 139.

7.3 Finished dimensions

7.3.1 Lay the pillow flat on a plain surface. Gently pat the pillow (without subjecting it to tension) with the
hands until it is free from all storage folds and wrinkles.

7.3.2 Use an accurately graduated steel tape of length greater than the length of the pillow to determine, to
the nearest 1 cm, at approximately three equal intervals in each direction, the width and the length of the
pillow.

7.3.3 Calculate the arithmetic mean of each set of measurements and record the results as the width and
the length, respectively, of the pillow.

7.3.4 Check for compliance with 4.4.

7.4 Test specimen

After carrying out the test given in 7.3, cut from the samples the test specimens required for the test given in
Annex A. In the case of the casing fabric, cut from the sample the test specimens required for the test given in
7.5.

Testing for compliance with the fabric requirements given in Table 1 requires a length of at least 1 m, full
width, of the casing fabric.

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7.5 Properties of casing fabrics

Determine the composition of casing fabrics by chemical analysis in accordance to US ISO 1833-1.

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Annex A
(normative)

Determination of mass per unit area

A.1 Apparatus
A.1.1 Table that has a smooth flat surface and is of a size that exceeds that of the fabric to be measured

A.1.2 Pair of scissors or suitable cutter that is capable of cutting a square or circular specimen of area
0.01 m2 to an accuracy of 1 % or better

A.1.3 Metal plate that is 5 mm smaller than the cutter and that has a thickness of 10 mm

A.1.4 Balance that is capable of determining the mass of the specimen to an accuracy of 0.2 % or in the
case of 0.01 m2 specimens, to an accuracy of 0.001 g

A.2 Test specimen

After carrying out the test given in D.3, cut from the samples the test specimens required for the test given in
A.3.

A.3 Procedure
A.3.1 Ensure that the fabric, which should preferably be selected from the middle of a piece, is not less than
0.5 m and not more than 4 m long, and lay it flat, and without tension, on the table. Cut at both ends, across
the full width of the sample, along parallel lines at right angles to the selvedge. If the mass per unit area of a
selvedge on a full-width piece appears to deviate appreciably from the mass per unit area of the body of the
fabric, or if so agreed upon between the parties concerned, trim off the selvedge along the outermost threads
of the body of the fabric and use only the body of the fabric for the determination of the mass per unit area.
Measure the width and length of the specimen.

A.3.2 Use the balance to determine the mass of the specimen.

A.4 Calculation
Calculate the mass per unit area, M, in grams per square metre, using the following formula:

m  1 000 000
M
l w

where

m is the mass, in grams, of the specimen;

l is the length, in millimetres, of the specimen; and

w is the width, in millimetres, of the specimen.

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Annex B
(normative)

Resistance to opening at seams

B.1 Apparatus and materials

B.1.1 Sewing thread, core-spun with a polyester core and cotton sheath of ticket No. 80 and ticket No. 50
(see Table B.1)

Table B.1 — Requirements for stitching

Mass per area of test Sewing thread ticket No. Sewing machine needle Stitch rating
specimen
size Metric (imperial) number of stitches per 10 cm
g/m2

< 250 80 90 (No. 14) 50 ± 2

≥ 250 50 100 (No. 16) 40 ± 2

B.1.2 Sewing machine needles of size 90 (No. 14) and size 100 (No. 16). Examine the points of the
sewing machine needle for signs of damage.

B.1.3 Sewing machine, electrically operated, single-needle, lock-stitch, capable of producing stitch type
301 and provided with the appropriate throat-plate(s) and feed-dog(s) for use with the sewing threads

B.1.4 CRE tensile-strength testing machine, that is capable of constant rate of extension of 100 mm/min,
fitted with jaws, of a type that will not weaken the test specimen during test and such that each jaw has a front
face of size 25 mm x 25 mm and a back face of size at least 25 mm x 40 mm; the longer dimension being at
right angles to the direction of the applied load.

B.1.5 Transparent template of size approximately 125 mm x 30 mm ruled with three lengthways and
parallel lines, the clear distance between adjacent lines being 3 mm ± 0.05 mm

B.2 Sampling and preparation of test specimens

B.2.1 Take a laboratory sample as specified in the relevant product specification.

B.2.2 From the conditioned laboratory sample, cut 10 test specimens each of approximately 200 mm x 75
mm, so that in five of the test specimen, the longitudinal yarns are warp yarns and in the other five test
specimens the longitudinal yarns are weft yarns.

B.2.3 Cut the two sets of test specimens so that their longitudinal yarns all represent different threads and, if
possible different portions of the warp and the weft respectively. Do not cut any warp-direction test specimen
closer to a selvedge than 8 mm.

B.2.4 Select the sewing thread and the sewing machine needle size appropriate to the mass per area of the
test specimen (see Table D.1) and fit the corresponding throat-plate and feed dog to the sewing machine.

B.2.5 Fold each test specimen in half by placing the two shorter ends together and while maintaining a
constantly sewing speed, sew a row of stitches parallel to and at a distance of 15 mm from the fold at the
stitch rating (see Table D.1) appropriate, to the mass per area of the test specimen.
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B.2.6 Cut each test specimen on the fold and parallel to the line of stitching so as to provide a seam of width
approximately 1 mm.

B.3 Procedure
B.3.1 Clamp a test specimen symmetrically in the jaws of the CRE tensile-strength testing machine with the
sear midway between and parallel to the edges of the jaws so that the free distance between the jaws at the
start of the test is 75 mm.

B.3.2 Hold the transparent template in front of the clamped test specimen so that its centre line is parallel to
the line of stitching at the seam of the clamped test specimen and set the CRE tensile-strength testing
machine in motion.

B.3.3 Stop the CRE tensile-strength testing machine and record the load, in Newtons, when

a) any part of the opening of the seam reaches a width of 6 mm (reduced to 32 mm in the case of test
specimens that have warp threads and weft threads of contrasting colours); and

b) a failure owing to the breakdown of the fabric or sewing thread occurs, whichever occurs first.

B.3.4 Repeat B 3.1 to B 3.3 (inclusive) until all 10 test specimens have been tested.

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Annex C
(informative)

Determination of fibre length

C.1 Apparatus and materials

C.1.1 Polished glass plate with millimetre scale engraved or photographed on it

C.1.2 Pointed forceps

C.1.3 White petroleum jelly or liquid paraffin

C.2 Procedure
Measure the fibre length of individual fibres on a graduated glass plate. Smear the glass plate with a small
quantity of the white petroleum jelly or liquid paraffin. Using the forceps arrange a fibre in a straight line on the
glass plate and along the scale, keeping it straight by applying a minimum tension at its two extremities.
Measure the length of the fibre along the scale. Repeat the operation for each fibre to be tested.

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Certification marking

Products that conform to Uganda standards may be marked with Uganda National Bureau of Standards
(UNBS) Certification Mark shown in the figure below.

The use of the UNBS Certification Mark is governed by the Standards Act, and the Regulations made
thereunder. This mark can be used only by those licensed under the certification mark scheme operated by
the Uganda National Bureau of Standards and in conjunction with the relevant Uganda Standard. The
presence of this mark on a product or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods comply with the
requirements of that standard under a system of supervision, control and testing in accordance with the
certification mark scheme of the Uganda National Bureau of Standards. UNBS marked products are
continually checked by UNBS for conformity to that standard.

Further particulars of the terms and conditions of licensing may be obtained from the Director, Uganda
National Bureau of Standards.

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