MY
PERFORMANCE
TAST IN
GENDER and
SOCIETY
Submitted by: Jaime P. Canag Jr.
BSCRIM 1J
Submitted to: Ms. Jonah Osalia
GenSoc Teacher
√ Pre-Colonial Era:
•The society was largely decentralized,
consisting of various indigenous
groups with diverse cultures and
traditions. Women had important roles
in communities, and there was a
balance of power between different
ethnic groups. Trade, agriculture, and
crafts were vital elements of the
economy.
•During Pre Colonial Era in the
Philippines The islands' precolonial
period, during which indigenous
peoples engaged in healthy trade with
various cultures and economies in the
region, gave way to a long colonial
period, first under Spain for over 300
years, and then under the United
States, during which it came briefly
under Japanese occupation in World
War II.
√ Hispanic Period (Spanish
Colonial Era):
• The arrival of the Spanish brought
significant changes in governance,
religion, and culture. The Spanish
colonization introduced Catholicism,
leading to the establishment of
churches and the adoption of Spanish
customs. The encomienda system,
where indigenous people worked for
Spanish settlers, was implemented.
This period also witnessed the Galleon
Trade, contributing to cultural
exchange and commerce between the
Philippines, Spain, and other
territories.
• During the Spanish colonial period in
the Philippines (1521–1898), the
different cultures of the archipelago
experienced a gradual unification from
a variety of native Asian and Islamic
customs and traditions, including
animist religious practices, to what is
known today as Filipino culture, a
unique hybrid of Southeast Asian and
Western culture, namely Spanish,
including the Spanish language and
the Catholic faith.
√American Period:
•The Philippines transitioned from
Spanish to American rule, leading to
changes in governance, education, and
infrastructure. The establishment of
public education and the English
language as a medium of instruction
occurred during this time. There was
also the implementation of new legal
systems and infrastructure
development, including roads and
transportation networks.
•The period of American colonialization
of the Philippines was 48 years. It
began with the cession of the
Philippines to the U.S. by Spain in
1898 and lasted until the U.S.
recognition of Philippine independence
in 1946.
AMERICAN ERA (1898-
1935)
•Realizing that being landless was the main cause of social
unrest and revolt at that time, the Americans sought to put an
end to the miserable conditions of the tenant tillers and small
farmers by passing several land policies to widen the base of
small landholdings and distribute land ownership among the
greater number of Filipino tenants and farmers.
•Philippine Bill of 1902
- This law provided regulations on the disposal of the public
lands where in a private individual can own 16 hectares of land
while the corporate land holdings can avail of 1,024 hectares.
This also gave the rights to the Americans to own agricultural
lands.
•Some 400,000 native farmers were without titles at the start of
the American Era, this situation was also aggravated by the
absence of records of issued titles and accurate land surveys. To
remedy the situation, the Torrens System was then introduced
to replace the registration system implemented by the
Spaniards.
√Post-World War II/Birth of the
Filipino Militant Movement:
•Post-World War II saw the Philippines
gaining independence from American
rule. This period marked the birth of
various militant movements
advocating for social justice, agrarian
reform, and political change. These
movements aimed to address issues of
poverty, inequality, and corruption,
influencing the political landscape and
societal structure.
•Islamic Militant in the Philippines: The
Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) is a
Philippines-based Islamic extremist
organization with historical links to al-
Qa'ida. The group formed in 1991 when
it splintered from the Moro Islamic
Liberation Front, an insurgent group
that made peace with the Philippine
Government in 2014.
