INDEX

CARCASSES

2. ROTORS AND WEAR RINGS

3. INTER-STAGE WALLS

4. AXLES AND THEIR BUSHINGS

5. ENGAGEMENTS

6. BEARINGS

7. COUPLINGS

8. MECHANICAL SEALS

9. EQUIPMENT INSPECTION

10. STORAGE

11. CLEANING BEFORE INSTALLATION

12. EQUIPMENT LOCATION

13. SUCTION HEIGHT

14. FOUNDATIONS

15. ALIGNMENT

16. PLACEMENT OF THE MORTAR

17. SUCTION AND DISCHARGE PIPING

18. OTHER PIPES

19. OPERATION

20. SUCTION CONDITIONS

21. ESCORVA

22. STARTUP AND OPERATION OF PUMPS

23. PUMP STOPS

24. BEARING HOUSES, GREASED

25. PERIODIC GREASE REPLACEMENT

26. PERIODIC LUBRICATION

27. CLEANING ON THE OCCASION OF A GENERAL REVIEW

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28. REPLENISHMENT, WITH GREASE, OF THE BEARINGS

29. BEARINGS, OIL LUBRICATED

30. BABBIT METAL BEARINGS, OIL LUBRICATED

31. OIL CHANGE

Oil Leveler

33. LUBRICATION OF THE COUPLINGS

34. MAINTENANCE

35. DISASSEMBLY TECHNIQUE

36. ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUE

37. INSTALLATION OF NEW BEARING BOXES

38. MAINTENANCE OF THE FRAME

39. ASSEMBLY OF THE CASING

40. MAINTENANCE OF WEAR RINGS

41. MAINTENANCE OF THE AXLES AND THEIR SLEEVES

42. MAINTENANCE OF BEARINGS

43. MAINTENANCE OF BABBITT METAL BEARINGS

44. ENGAGEMENT

45. PERFORMANCE TESTS

46. DEFECT LOCATION

47. SPARE PARTS

48. HOW TO ORDER SPARE PARTS

49. RETURN OF PARTS

50. GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WORK

51. ASSEMBLY MANUAL

CARCASSES

The casing, in a volute shape, is horizontally split along the axis and has the
suction and discharge conduits integrally cast with its bottom, the
which allows easy access to the rotor for inspection or maintenance, without needing to,

2
to touch on the suction and discharge pipes. Such conduits were designed for
way to ensure gradual and progressive variations in the speeds of liquids
bombed. The feet are fully fused with the lower half of the casing, which
provides great strength in the fixation. In most of the pumps discussed in this manual,
the bearing supports are also fully cast with the housing. In many
In cases, the suction volute incorporates a guiding surface aimed at preventing the pre-
rotation of the liquid (before the entry of the rotor). In some pumps, the discharge volute
is dual, in order to balance the radial efforts. In double-stage pumps, the passage
inter-stage is integral with the casing.

2. ROTORS AND WEAR RINGS

All the pumps covered in this manual use closed rotors, pinned to the
axes. The L, LA, LN, and LNH pumps use a double suction rotor; the U pumps, a
double rotor, equivalent to two single suction rotors, grouped back to back; the
UNB pumps, two single suction rotors mounted back to back.
The axial fixation of the rotors is achieved, in some L and LA, through two
internally, immobilized by means of axle bushings and external nuts, in turn fixed
for locking screws; in all LNC, LNH and UNB pumps, as well as in
other L, LA bombs, through two external nuts, fixed by screws of
jamming, and axle bushes; in the U pumps, through a central fixing screw
that crosses the cylindrical section of the double rotor. In this last case, a sealing ring
ensures a tight joint between the rotor and the shaft.
All the pumps treated in this manual have replaceable wear rings in the
casing, varying the type and the fastening system according to the requirements
specifics of each type of pump and their dimensions. The larger dimension pumps
they usually employ wear rings in 'L', with a fastening tongue that fits
appropriate recess number at the bottom of the casing, to prevent its rotation. This same
construction can be applied, upon request, to the smaller pumps, which are usually used
use a cylindrical wear ring, secured by a pin that fits into a hole in the part
the inferior part of the casing. The special operating conditions of the UNB pumps cause that,
In these, the wear rings and the partition wall between stages should be sealed through
elastic rings.
Some pumps L, LA, LN, LNC, LNH, have, as original equipment,
wear rings, cylinders or flanged, pressed onto the rotors and also fixed by
locking screws. The UNB pumps can be equipped with wear rings.
our rotors, at the customer's request.

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 Fig.2–L or LA type pump

Fig.3–LN or LNH type pump

Fig. 4–U type pump

Fig.5 - Wear ring of the sheave in 'L', with fixation by a tongue and recess;
wear ring on the rotor, in 'L'

Fig.6–Cylindrical wear ring on the housing, secured by pin and hole; ring of
wear of the rotor, also cylindrical

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 Fig. 7 - Wear and sealing rings used in UNB pumps

Fig.8–Wear ring on the rotor (optional construction)

3. INTER-STAGE WALLS

In the case of double-stage pumps, the leakage between stages is reduced to a

minimum, thanks to a partition wall, designed to present a gap
minimum in relation to the cube of the rotors.

4. AXLES AND THEIR BUSHINGS

The axles were correctly designed and carefully machined in such a way as to
ensure firm fixation for the rotors and rigidity capable of providing long life to the
manifests and the fittings. With the aim of protecting the axles against wear,
in almost all cases, replaceable bushings were anticipated, fixed with nuts, in the
work areas of the seals. Some of these bushings have recesses where they are housed.
elastic rings, responsible for sealing between bushings and shafts (See figures 9, 10 and
11).

5. ENGAGEMENTS

The gasket boxes, integral with the housings, are of great depth, in order
to prevent air suction in areas where the shafts pass through the casings. The rings of
graphite asbestos gasket, braided, square suction, usually used in
all the pumps referred to in this manual are sometimes replaced by others
specials to meet particular service conditions, in the case of UNB pumps. From
In general, gasket boxes also have a split nut, capable of
maintain a sealing liquid ring. This component is not used when the pressure of
atmospheric suction and, in particular, in the packing boxes of the second stages of
bombas U and UNB, since in these cases, the suction operates under discharge pressure
in the first stage. When sealing liquid is used, it is usually chosen in the
discharge volute of the pump itself, corresponding, if necessary, to a valve
pressure reducer, in the case of double-stage pumps. Only in the case where the
Pumped liquid is incompatible with the sealing function, which is why a source is used.
external. This should supply the liquid at a pressure slightly higher than the suction pressure.
Installed registers on the feed lines of the gasket boxes allow for adjustment.
liquid flow in order to achieve a regular dripping from both boxes,
indicator of correct system operation.

5
 The overlapping ones are usually made of a single piece and tightened by nuts that
I am calm in prisoners fixed to the shells. UNB bombs can be supplied to
customer order, with split overlays, water-cooled, to prevent leakage
Vapors when pumping heated liquids. Such overlays can be installed.
subsequently, instead of the norms, in the case of their use being deemed necessary in the
real service conditions. UNB pumps can also be supplied with a box of
fake gaskets, bolted to the casing and water-cooled, for high service
temperatures, or at the request of the customer.

6. BEARINGS

All the pumps covered in this manual are usually supplied with bearings.
externally, designed for heavy service and equipped with ball bearings. A
Lubrication is normally oil for UNB pumps and grease for the others. In the pumps
with integral bearing supports with the housings, the bearing boxes are
proportional by means of conical pins.
The LN, LNC, and LNH pumps use a bearing of a axial-radial type as a bearing.
sphere track; the others, for this same function, have two contact bearings.
angular, from a row of spheres, mounted back to back. In any case, the
the assembly on the axis is forced, and the fastening is ensured by means of a special nut and
locking washer. The outer rings of the bearings are tightened between a step
the inside of the box and a protrusion of the lid, thus preventing any displacements
axles of the same.
The purely radial bearing is self-compensating, with two rows of balls, in the
U pumps, and in most L, LA pumps, being of a row of spheres, in the others.
The axial fixation of these bearings to the shafts is achieved by spacers and collars.
lightly pressed onto the axles in the L and LA pumps, and by pressing the ring itself
inside the bearing, in the other pumps. Only in the case of the L and LA pumps, of
large dimensions is that a special nut and locking washer are used for this fastening.
The outer rings of purely radial bearings have a small clearance.
regarding your headquarters, in order to allow the expansion of the axis, in service, avoiding,
thus, warpings or abnormal stresses harmful to the durability of the bearings.
Depending on the type and size, the L and LA pumps can have cooling to
water in both bearings, only in the radial-axial bearing or in neither of the two. The pumps
LN, LNC, and LNH do not have cooling in any of the bearings and the other pumps only
there is cooling in the axial-radial bearing.
In special cases, or at the request of the client, bush bearings or can be used.
bearings, oil-lubricated, in the LN, LNC, and LNH pumps of certain sizes. Such
Manholes are complements by support bearings, fixed by special means and washers.
of locking.
Sometimes cylindrical roller bearings are used in LN and LNC pumps.
to face special loading conditions.

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 Fig.11–Water-cooled gasket box

7. COUPLINGS

All the pumps mentioned in this manual come with an elastic sleeve.
for coupling with the drive unit.

8. MECHANICAL SEALS

All pumps covered in this manual can be equipped with seals

mechanics if the working conditions require it, or at the request of the customer.
Mechanical seals may exhibit a small leak when new. This
leak disappears after a short conditioning period, during which the pump must
work with clean liquid, free of solid impurities.

9. EQUIPMENT INSPECTION

Inspect the equipment as soon as you receive it, compare it against the cargo manifest and
communicate immediately à Company any irregularities that may arise
found, such as missing or damaged parts. Examine, carefully, the
boxes and packaging. Sometimes, parts or accessories are packaged
individually or fixed to the boxes, for better protection during transport.

10. STORAGE

SHORT-TERM STORAGE - When it is necessary to store a

pump, for the short term, until it can be installed, place it in a dry location and protect it
against humidity. The protective flanges of the suction nozzles should not be removed.
and download, in case they have been placed by the factory. Protect the bearings and the
couplings against the entry of sand, dust, and foreign bodies. Make sure that the rings
the gaskets are not mounted in their respective boxes.

The bearings must be lubricated according to the instructions contained in

chapter V, in order to be protected against oxidation. Rotate the rotor by hand for several
times, at least once a week, to avoid oxidation and the consequent adherence
of moving surfaces, as well as to distribute the lubricant.

LONG-TERM STORAGE - One should avoid the storage of

pumps for a period exceeding 30 days, as this will require special precautions. Check if
the gasket boxes are indeed missing the rings, which could cause corrosion in the

7
internal parts, due to the condensation of moisture from the air. If the bushings of the shafts are made of
stainless steel, the graphite of the gaskets, in the presence of the film of condensed moisture
can provoke an electrolytic action that will result in corrosion of the bushings - this reaction
does not occur under normal service conditions.
The simple removal of the packing is not enough to completely eliminate the
condensation inside the pump. For this reason, additional protection is recommended.
through internal washing with SHELL VPI, dissolved in alcohol or with ENSIS oil-
ENGINE 20 or 40. To perform this washing, close the suction and discharge with flanges.
blind; fill the tank through the holes in the top of the casing until the level reaches the
gasket box. Turn the rotor by hand to wet all the moving parts.
Drain the liquid through the lower plugs. This protection lasts for a period of 3
months, after which it should be repeated, should the pump remain off for longer
time. In addition, the pump should be regularly lubricated and manually rotated by
several times, every week.
Do not disassemble the bomb to apply the protective treatment to the internal parts.
The coupling gloves must be disassembled, protected with an inhibitor of
rust, wrapped and stored separately, without contact with other metal pieces. The
exposed parts of the axles should also be protected with a rust inhibitor.

11. CLEANING BEFORE INSTALLATION

Kerosene is the best solvent for removing the antioxidant applied by

WORTHINGTON.
One must be careful to remove all traces of the products used to
prevent the oxidation of the surfaces of the suction and discharge flanges, of the shafts and of the
couplings. The pumps that were subjected to the preventative washing treatment
must be cleaned with clean water at least twice before installation. In the
oil-lubricated pumps, this must be drained and replaced with new oil, according to
with the instructions contained in chapter V.

12. LOCATION OF THE EQUIPMENT

The pumps should be installed with ease of access in mind, in order to

inspection, during operation and the simplification of the suction piping layout
and download. In any case and especially when the influence of losses on
Suction piping is an important factor; the pumps should be installed nearby.
to the supply sources of the liquid. Minimize the use of elbows, tees and others.
organs similar in the pipes.
In order to avoid distortions and misalignments, all piping must be
adequately supported - especially in the case of working with liquids
heated.
In the case of large pumps, provision should be made at the installation site.
a ceiling height sufficiently high to allow the use of lifting means
necessary for installation and maintenance.

13. SUCTION HEIGHT

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 In a typical installation, it is recommended that the suction height does not exceed 10 feet.
(3.05 m). The pressure losses in the pipelines, foot valves, and suction drains can
reach equivalent values of 4 or 5 feet (1.22 to 1.52 m) additional suction height.
The suction height should be reduced when pumping hot water. By way of
for example, water at 212ºF (100ºC) must reach the pump under a pressure of 10 to 25 feet
(3.05 to 7.62 m) of liquid column depending on the specific details of the installation.

NPSH (NET POSITIVE SUCTION HEAD)

Represents the effective hydraulic energy in the suction needed for a perfect
pumping.
The required NPSH varies with the dimensions of the pump and, for a given pump,
with its capacity. The NPSH required by your equipment can be obtained from the curves
performance available from your representative WORTHINGTON.
To determine the available NPSH in your installation, consider figure 12 and the
equation that follows:
NPSHavailable= Z + (P–Pv)2.31–Hf–He

where: Z = height, in feet.

P = pressure on the liquid surface, in absolute p.s.i.
Pv = vapor pressure of the liquid at the pumping temperature, in p.s.i.
absolutes.
Hf = head losses in the suction pipe in feet of liquid column.
It = head loss in the passage from the tank to the piping, in feet of
net column.

NOTE: In the case of liquids at boiling temperature, Pv equals P, and the time
in which these magnitudes disappear from the equation.
If the available NPSH is less than that required by the equipment, it must be
increased, which is usually achieved by increasing the height of static suction
+7.

Fig.12–Schematic of a typical piping system

14. FOUNDATIONS

Foundations can be made up of any structures that are sufficiently

heavy to provide rigid and permanent support to all points of the bases and capable of

9
absorb vibrations of normal intensity that occur during the operation of the
equipment.
The concrete foundations, built on solid ground, are the most satisfactory.
When the foundation is completed, ample space must be provided for the mortar to be
subsequently placed between the face of the base and the concrete block.

The anchors, with a diameter equal to that specified, must be carefully

positioned according to the dimensional drawing. Each anchor bolt must be placed
inside a tube with a diameter 2 to 3 times its own, so that it does not become immobilized
laterally by the concrete. This will allow it to be slightly displaced, if
necessary, in order to match with the equipment's base drilling. (See fig. 13).
When the equipment is mounted on structures, whether metal or not,
should be supported directly on them, and positioned as close as possible to the beams
main walls or walls, being supported in such a way that the bases do not suffer distortions or
have their alignment impaired by the deformations of the structures.

Fig.13–Placement of the anchors

15. ALIGNMENT

All the pumps and their drive units are mounted on bases.
appropriate and carefully aligned before leaving the factory.

As a base, they have a certain flexibility and can undergo deformations during transport.
or as a result of uneven tightening of the anchors, it is necessary to check the
alignment at the installation site, correcting it if necessary. Whatever the type
for the coupling used, a correct alignment is essential for operation
normal. The pumps designed to work with heated liquids must be aligned in the
normal operating temperature.

IMPORTANT

The alignment must be checked after installing the suction pipes and
download.

10
 The flexible coupling sleeve is designed to compensate for slight
deformations that may occur in service but not alignment deficiencies in
assembly.

NOTE 1

The flexible coupling must remain completely disengaged until the end.
alignment check. It should only be assembled and tightened immediately before it
put the unit into operation.
To align the equipment, follow these instructions:
1. Completely disconnect the flexible coupling, following the instructions of
manufacturer of the same.
2. Using wedges and shims under the base, in the vicinity of
shims, level the mounting surfaces of the pump and the actuator,
longitudinally and transversely. Check the vertical and horizontal positions of the flanges of
suction and discharge. Tighten the base anchors and the pump mounting screws and
of the actuator.
3. Check the gap between the two parts of the coupling according to the design.
dimensional. If necessary, move the actuator and not the pump.

NOTE 2

In the case of engines with sleeve bearings, with speeds below 1800 rpm and
for power below 300 HP, the gap between the two faces of the coupling should be
verified with the induced placed in the magnetic center. To determine the magnetic center,
turn on the motor with the coupling loose and observe the position taken by the rotor, or
take simply, the center of the free axial course of the rotor. Mark the axis and fix it to
casing in the position corresponding to the magnetic center, to avoid it from shifting
during the alignment operations. Move the motor as a whole to obtain the
clearance prescribed between the coupling faces.
The motors with bush bearings, with speeds above 1800 rpm and powers
higher than 300 HP are sometimes manufactured with an axial clearance of the rotor of
In these cases, the clearance between the two parts of the coupling must be determined from
another way. A toothed coupling equipped with a limiter is then employed
axial movement, to prevent the rotor from moving away from the magnetic center. If such a
motor stopped with its rotor in an external position of its free course, when being turned on again,
the lateral friction between the coupling teeth, resulting from the transmitted torque,
it would prevent the rotor from moving to its magnetic center and the bearings would be
affected by excessive axial stress.
To properly adjust the clearance of a coupling equipped with a device
axial travel limiter, follow the instructions below:
a. Move the motor rotor in the opposite direction to that of the pump until the end of its travel.
course and mark the position of the axis in relation to the housing.
b. Then, move it in the opposite direction and mark the axis in the new position. A
the distance between the marks should be ½” if the motor has been designed for use with
axial stroke limiting device.

11
 c. Make a third mark on the axis, 1/8" from the mark referred to in "b", in the direction of
coupling.
d. Shift the rotor 1/8" in the opposite direction of the pump, or until the last
the mark executed on the axis aligns with the casing.
Fix the axis in this position so that it does not move axially.
f. Shift the motor, as a whole, towards the pump, until the tip of its
touch the existing tip on the axis of the pump (See figure 14). The length of
the tip, which extends beyond the end of the axis, was predetermined by WORTHINGTON and
It is used to control the play between the parts of the coupling.

Fig.14 - Axial stroke limiter device

4. Check the alignment of the pump and the driver for angularity and
coaxiality, using a feeler and a micrometer indicator for this
counter. Simultaneously rotating the axes of the pump and the actuator, and checking the
gap between the faces of the two parts of the coupling, always at the same point of the
coupling, with the apalpador, at ¼ turn, not finding differences greater than
0.001" (0.025 mm). Fixing the micrometer gauge to the end of the pump shaft and
observing the eccentricity of the part of the coupling attached to the add-on, one must
obtain readings that do not differ by more than 0.002" (0.05 mm).

IMPORTANT

In the case of a pump activated by a turbine, compensation must be made.

from the variation of the reading of this axis.

5. Firmly attach the actuator to the base and check the alignment, as per
described in "4".
6. Fill the gap between the base and the foundation with mortar (see the item that details)
this subject).
7-A. If the actuator is not a steam turbine, drill the feet together with
base, at points located on a diagonal, finish the holes, still together, with
expander and use reference pins. Check the alignment after this operation.
7-B. If the actuator is a steam turbine, all piping must be
installed and the turbine taken to its normal temperature before its feet are drilled
together with the base, for placing the reference pins. Consult the manual of
turbine instructions regarding alignment and operating technique. Check the
alignment after the placement of the reference pins.

16. PLACING OF THE MORTAR

The purpose of the mortar is to prevent lateral movements of the base; it is not intended to
compensate for irregularities of the foundation. We recommend the following:
The typical mix is one part cement and two parts sand, with enough water to
allow a good filling of the space under the base.

12
 The upper surface of the concrete foundation should be well soaked before the
placement of the mortar and making a wooden form around the foundation to contain
the mass (see figure 15). Sometimes, the shapes are placed flush against the base; in others
cases, further out. The mortar must completely fill the space under the base. Use
a piece of rebar to force the mass to penetrate into all the recesses and
exhale the air bubbles.
After the mortar has been placed, the exposed surfaces must be
covered with wet burlap sacks, in order to prevent premature drying from occurring
place for cracks. After the mass is taken (about 48 hours later) the molds can be
withdrawals and given the desired finish to the dough. The hardening of the dough takes about
of 72 hours.
If desired, the surface of the mortar, in the vicinity of the drainage grate,
can be treated to better resist oil or grease. A very commonly used process
consists of preparing the surface for protective painting by brushing it with acid
muriatic (H CI). After the acid attack is finished, wash the area with clean water and
apply a good oil-resistant paint. All liquids collected in the drain of
drainage is conducted through a 1" pipe approximately to a connection
placed on the side of the base, from where they are taken to a suitable location for desire - see
Figure 15.

Fig.15–Placement of the mold for the mortar

17. SUCTION AND DISCHARGE PIPES

Deformations due to the pipes - Satisfactory operation cannot be achieved.

when the pipes exert forces on the pumps. These are subjected to
deformations or displacements as a result of the tightening of the fixing screws of the
pipelines. The flanges of the pipelines must fit snugly to the pumps, even
before the squeeze.

The suction and discharge piping as well as their accessories eventually

existing ones should be suitably fixed close to the pumps, but
regardless of them, so that efforts are not transmitted to the carcasses. The
deformations caused by piping are often the cause of misalignments,
excessive heating of the bearings, wear of the couplings, and vibrations. Pipelines
Suction - Experience has shown that design or installation defects
Suction pipes come right after deformations as a cause of malfunctioning
the pumps. This part of the installation deserves all the care.

The suction line should be as direct and as short as possible. Being

inevitable a long length, the diameter must be increased in order to reduce the
losses of load, as much as possible - see NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head).

Under no circumstances shall the diameter of the suction pipe be less than that of
corresponding conduit in the pump casing.

13
 The piping must rise or fall continuously, with no high points or
low throughout its development. This way, air pockets are avoided,
harmful to proper functioning. Use only eccentric reductions with the flat side.
facing upwards (see figure 12).

In double suction rotor pumps, the curves near the suction nozzles
must be positioned on vertical planes. The flow of liquid along a curve
it becomes non-uniform and for this reason the rotor would work unbalanced, causing damage
the performance of the pump.
The suction pipe must dip into the suction tank enough to
prevent air suction when the level is at its minimum. Large pipes should
to have their tips submerged to a depth equal to four times their diameter. Those of
smaller diameter requires two to three feet (60 to 90 cm) of immersion.

The suction piping must be inspected before starting up the system.

equipment, searching for leaks. In addition, the piping must be carefully
washed in order to prevent debris, scales from being sucked up by the pump,
rust, the traces of flow and any welding splatters that may be present inside.

If the pump operates submerged, it is necessary to install a gate valve.

in the suction piping.

Drains – In some special cases, drains are needed at the entrances of the
suction pipes, in order to prevent the entry of debris. The area free of such rays must
it should be three to four times the cross-sectional area of the suction pipe. It is important
keep the drains free of debris.

Whenever possible, instead of grates, it is preferable to use a large screen,

proper opening at the entrance of the suction reservoir.

Discharge piping - In the discharge piping, it may be necessary to use

a check valve or a gate valve, or both. The valve of
retention is used to protect the pump against a possible
excessive counterpressure or against a rotation inversion, caused by the return of
liquid, in the case of interruption of the actuator's operation.

18. OTHER PIPES

Drain pipe - All drainage points of the equipment must be

connected to a convenient dumping site through suitable pipes.

Cooling piping of the bearings - If the pump has one of the bearings, or
both, cooled by the liquid pumped itself, the supply tube of
The refrigerant can be connected directly to the pump's discharge and the return to the suction.

14
The supply pipeline must be equipped with a valve in order to regulate it.
refrigerant flow. If the pumped liquid cannot be used for cooling of the
However, it will be necessary to resort to external sources.

Liquid seal piping of the packing box - Generally, the sealing liquid
the packing box is collected from the exhaust scroll and brought to the packing box through
pipes in which there are valves intended to control the flow. If the liquid
if bombing cannot be used as sealing liquid, it will be necessary to resort to a
external source capable of providing clean liquid under slightly higher pressure than that of
suction.
Instrumentation - Pressure gauges must be installed at the suction and discharge of the
pumps, using the existing threaded holes in the flanges for this purpose. Assemble
The manometers in a suitable location, easily accessible and with good visibility, constitute us
valuable aids in the evaluation of equipment performance.

19. OPERATION

The following instructions cover the most important steps of the operation.
bombs. Any modification to these instructions, motivated by peculiarities of a
installation must comply with established engineering standards.

20. SUCTION CONDITIONS

Sometimes, the suction conditions imposed on centrifugal pumps are so

unfavorable that the operation results in complete failure. The suction pressure must
to be maintained within the limits provided at the time of the sale of the equipment. If the
if the original conditions need to be changed later, consult the representative
WORTHINGTON closest.
One must be careful to always keep the suction piping completely
pond – see the item related to the suction piping in chapter III.

21. ESCORVA

Care Make sure to prime the pump before turning it on.

Bleeding a centrifugal pump means removing air, gas, or vapor from the piping.
of suction and of the casing. Some internal parts, which depend on the pumped liquid
for your lubrication, they may lock up if the pump is not previously
liquid key.
The escorva can be obtained by one of the methods below, depending on the conditions
current
A) Suction pressure higher than atmospheric (submersible pump - see figure 12).
a) Open all the valves of the suction piping allowing the liquid to fill the
pipeline and the casing.
b) Open the drain located at the highest point of the casing to release the trapped air.
inside it.

15
 c) When the liquid flows continuously through the vent without air bubbles, the pump
it will be bent and can be connected.
B) Suction pressure lower than atmospheric (suction height - see figure 12).
Brush by means of ejector.
When steam, high-pressure water, or compressed air is available, one can
flush the pump by connecting the suction of an ejector to the highest point of the casing. Proceed
in the following way:
a) Open the suction valve and keep the discharge valve closed.
b) Connect the ejector to extract the air from the casing and the suction pipe.
c) When the liquid comes out without air bubbles, the pump will be primed and can be
tied.
d) After turning on, slowly open the discharge valve.
e) In order to ensure that the pump will not lose its priming on startup, the ejector
should continue to operate until the pump reaches its rated speed. If the pump
continue bent, the ejector will continuously extract liquid, without air bubbles.
2) Maintenance of the scouring by foot valve.
The foot valve is used at the extreme lower point of the suction pipe in order to
remove the liquid in this pipeline and inside the housing, after an initial draining. This is
made as follows:
a) Fill the suction pipe and the casing with liquid from an external source.
b) Open the existing drain valve at the highest point of the casing to allow for the exit of the
ar.
c) When the liquid flows continuously through the drain without air bubbles, the pump
it will be bent and can be connected.

NOTE: The use of foot valves is not recommended in cases where the liquid
The bombed closes solid particles, as they can interpose between the valve and seat,
preventing the sealing.
3) Decant using a vacuum pump.
The scouring can also be achieved through a vacuum pump of the type
of the liquid ring. The operation is identical to the draining through an ejector.

22. START-UP AND OPERATION OF THE PUMPS

Preliminary instructions - Make sure the gaskets are in their boxes.

Check the rotation direction of the actuator, with the coupling disengaged. The arrow
existing on the pump casing indicates the correct rotation direction. Turn it on again,
coupling.
Check if the bearings have been lubricated according to the instructions contained in the
Chapter V.
Open the valves of the bearing cooling circuit, if they are
cooled to liquid. After the start of operation, the valves must be adjusted
so that condensation of moisture does not occur externally to the bearings.
When condensation occurs externally, there are also conditions for
condensation inside the bearing housing, with the risk of corrosion of the same.
The ideal temperature range for the operation of bearings is from 100 to 150ºF (38º to

16
65ºC), that is, from the sensation of warmth to the touch, up to the maximum tolerable temperature in
prolonged contact with the hands.
Turn the rotor by hand; if it is stuck, do not turn on the pump until you locate and fix it.
the cause.
Start - Manually turn the rotor several times to lubricate the bearings.
Now, open the sealing circuit valves, if there are any.

Perform the priming of the pump as explained in the previous section. Do not operate the pump.
before bending them because there is a danger of damaging internal parts that rely on the liquid
pumped for your lubrication.
Turn on the switch according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Open the discharge valve slowly, once the pump reaches the speed of
regime.
During normal operation, the bearings should be examined from time to time.
when, in order to ensure that they are properly lubricated.
Adjust the valves of the liquid sealing ring feed lines. The
overlaps must be adjusted to allow for a small leak, with the
pump in operation, in order to avoid excessive wear of the shaft bushings due to lack of
lubrication. About 30 drops per minute are enough.

23. STOPS OF THE PUMPS

Usually, there is a check valve and a gate valve in the

discharge pipe. The check valve must be placed between the pump and the valve of
drawer. In these cases, the pump can be stopped by simply turning off the unit.
actuator, according to the manufacturer's instructions. The valves must be closed at the
following order: flush valve, suction valve, liquid valve
cooling and seal liquid valve.
In some installations, check valves cannot be used due to the water hammer.
airbag that would cause, abruptly closing the return passage under certain pressures
of discharge. In such cases, the discharge valve is closed slowly before turning off the
activator, in order to prevent water hammer.
The pumps partially empty through the grease fittings when immobilized.
for long periods of time. For this reason, it is recommended to always brush the
bomb before the match.

24. BEARING BLOCKS, GREASE LUBRICATED

The bearing housings, lubricated with grease, are supplied with lubricant at the
factory and, normally, do not require care before operation, as long as the
the bomb should be stored for only a short time and in a clean and dry place (see chapter
regarding the pre-installation). One must observe the behavior of the bearings during the
first hours of work, to ensure that they work correctly.
It is important that the lubrication with grease is carried out correctly. Excess or
lack of lubricant is equally harmful to the bearings. The characteristics of

17
Installation and the severity of the service conditions determine the interval more
convenient for lubrication and the type of grease to be used. For temperatures of
32 to 150ºF (0 to 65ºC), calcium soap-based greases are recommended, resistant to
humidity. If the temperature exceeds 150ºF (65ºC), grease based lubricants are more recommended.
of sodium, short fibers, or mixed base greases. Do not use graphite grease. A good
Grease No. 2 is entirely satisfactory for operation at normal temperatures.
In the case of low temperatures or high speeds, grease No. 1 should be used. Wishing
a special recommendation for a specific case, consult a renowned manufacturer
of lubricants.

Bearings should never be completely filled with grease, as this

It leads to overheating and reduced lifespan. It is recommended to fill only 1/3.
a ½ of the internal space.
The maximum allowable operating temperature varies from case to case.
A continuous or sudden rise in temperature is a sure indication of a problem.
operation. In such cases, immediately suspend the operation of the pump and
investigate the causes.
It is normal for bearings to show a certain rise in temperature after
having been lubricated. If the temperature does not return to normal after 4 to 8 hours of
functioning, the likely cause is the excess grease, which must be removed.
Some inferior quality greases contain acids that attack surfaces
highly polished bearings damaging them. Prefer greases from manufacturers.
renowned, that meet the following conditions:
1) do not separate into their components, whether at prolonged rest or under
I heated it to temperatures below the melting point of the grease.
do not form gum or become sticky.
3) do not harden or decompose.
Do not run the bearings.
5) be free of resins, mineral salts, abrasives, free calcium, etc.
6) present consistency '2' (in the case of normal applications).
7) do not contain free fatty acids in an amount exceeding 0.3 mg
of KOH, per gram.
8) do not contain free alkalis in a concentration equal to or higher than mentioned above.
9) do not contain free oil, unsaponified, in a content higher than half a percent.

25. PERIODIC GREASE REPLACEMENT

The frequency with which the grease in the bearings should be replaced depends on the
intensity of equipment usage. If the pump in question is a unit
for reserve or if it is used only for a few hours each month, the replacement of the grease
it must be semiannual. In a pump that operates at least 50% of the time, there is no
need to replace the grease, if not once a year.

26. PERIODIC LUBRICATION

18
 Normally, in pumps equipped with threaded grease cups, two or three turns
the same are sufficient to replenish the lubricant when necessary.

27. CLEANING ON THE OCCASION OF A GENERAL REVIEW

If the bearings need cleaning or if there is an opportunity for it, at the time
From a general review, the following instructions should be followed:
Remove the bearing housings. Using a brush or a toothbrush, clean the housings.
with hot kerosene (200 to 240ºF, that is, 93 to 115ºC), or another non-toxic solvent.
Do not use dirty solvent for cleaning the casing.
To clean bearings, initially remove as much grease as you can with a
clean cloth that does not shed lint. Use a brush or a cloth dampened with kerosene.
hot to remove the remaining grease and any solid particles that may be adhered. Turn
the rolling, carefully, to access all the recesses.
The strongly oxidized grease residues that are difficult to remove with
brush or brush can be softened by prolonged immersion in hot kerosene. In
in extreme cases, use a mixture of alcohol and light mineral solvents.
Finally, wash the bearing with clean, fine oil, and lubricate it with new grease.

28. REPLENISHMENT, WITH GREASE, OF THE BEARINGS

Fill with grease all the free space between the spheres or rolls. Fill the cavity
from the bearing box up to 1/3 to ½ of its total space and assemble the set. Observe the
temperatures of the bearings during the first hours of operation.

29. BEARINGS, OIL LUBRICATED

The oil used for lubricating the bearings must be a well-refined mineral oil.
of high quality, that does not oxidize or easily form lumps. They should not be
used vegetable or animal oils, as they are subject to rancidity and corrosion
metal surfaces. In addition, the oil must be clean and free of any substances
abrasive.
Use only pure mineral oil, of good origin, resistant to emulsification and
free from tendencies to form lumps and acids.

Under normal temperature conditions, follow the instructions in the table below regarding
to viscosity.
Speed Viscosity
(rpm) SAE

700 to 1500 20
1500 to 3600 30
3600 to 7000 40

19
 It is important to maintain the correct oil level. For this, some pumps
having an excessively high oil level gauge causes an increase in temperature
and leaks.

30. BABBIT METAL BEARINGS, OIL LUBRICATED

The same observations made in the previous item apply to this case.

31. OIL CHANGE

The intervals between oil changes depend on operating conditions. The

the interval can be longer when the bearings operate under normal temperatures and not
contaminations occur. In general, the oil should be replaced at intervals of
six months. If the temperature of a bearing rises too much, the causes
likely are: inadequate lubrication or a defect in the bearing itself.

Oil leveler

The oil leveling device maintains a constant oil level in the box of the
bearings, supplying only the necessary amount to restore the level. The device
it does not need to be refilled as long as there is oil in the transparent reservoir.

33. LUBRICATION OF COUPLINGS

All metal couplings require lubrication. Follow the instructions of

manufacturer of the coupling regarding the technique and lubrication intervals.

34. MAINTENANCE

PERIODIC INSPECTIONS

The pumps must be inspected daily as a preventive measure.

major problems. The operator of the pumps must communicate to the person responsible for the service
any abnormality observed in the operation.
They must be periodically checked: the behavior of the sealing and the
bearing temperatures. A sudden rise in temperature is indicative of
abnormality; an always elevated operating temperature may be normal in
certain cases. The noises are also very useful warning signals - observe them
sincerely.

Semi-annual and annual inspections

20
 Check if the overlays move freely. Clean and lubricate them.
prisoners of the overlaps and their nuts. Check if the gasket boxes are presenting
excessive leakages that cannot be corrected by adjusting the overlaps.
Replace the gasket rings if necessary. Check the time logs for
use if the occasion is appropriate for a cleaning or lubrication.
Check, through the flow rate and the discharge pressure, if there is a need to replace the
wear rings.

General review

The frequency with which general reviews should be made depends on the hours of
effective service, the conditions of use, the materials used in the manufacturing of
the pump and the care given to it when in service.
Do not disassemble the bomb unless its capacity has fallen beyond the tolerable level.
or that there is evidence of internal damage.

35. DISMANTLING TECHNIQUE

When disassembling the pump, care should be taken not to damage the internal parts.
In order to facilitate assembly, arrange the pieces in the order they were disassembled.
Protect the machined surfaces against metal contact and corrosion. Do not disassemble the
unless this is absolutely necessary.
Close the suction and discharge valves, as well as those of the circuits of
cooling and liquid sealing. Drain the water from the housing.
If it is necessary to completely disassemble the pump, proceed as follows:
1) Remove the nozzles and the circuit tubing from the housing cover.
liquid sealing, connected to an external source, if any.
2) Drain the oil from the bearing housings and remove the oil levelers and their nipples,
if there are any.
3) Release the two parts of the coupling. Oil-lubricated couplings must
to be previously chosen.
4) Unclamp the bearing boxes and remove the guide pins. Do not touch the
adjustment screws.
5) Remove the housing cover with the help of the extractor screws. Lift the cover.
through the projections intended for this purpose. Lift it up, vertically, as much as possible.
6) Lift the rotating assembly along with the bearing boxes, with the
maximum care. Support the axle on 'V' blocks placed on a horizontal surface.
7) Remove the coupling flange, the part of the coupling fixed to the pump and its
key
8) Remove the covers of the bearing boxes. Move them, along with the
water deflectors for next to the packing boxes.
9) Remove the bearing housings.
10) Remove the bearings - check the items related to their maintenance.
11) Remove the covers from the bearing boxes and the water deflectors.
12) Remove the overlays, the nuts from the axle bushings, the seals, and the bushings
bipartite.

21
 Remove the axle bushings and their keys.
14) Remove the wear rings from the housing.
Remove the rotor and its key.

When the disassembly is raised to this point, an examination should be carried out.
careful with all the parts, especially regarding the surfaces subject to wear.
If there is no intention to disassemble the pump again before the next general revision, it must
all parts that show significant wear should be replaced, even if the pump
still performs well. It should be noted that wear on parts is quick
newly assembled along with other dirty pieces that are already partially worn.

36. MOUNTING TECHNIQUE

The order to be followed in assembly is the reverse of that corresponding to

disassembly, except for the following:
Mount the rotor on the shaft. Place the two shaft bushings. Check if the rotor is secure.
well centered in relation to the axis measuring the threaded lengths that protrude, from
each side, under the axle bushings, and they must be equal. Then tighten the nuts.
the bushings of the axis until they touch the sleeves. Tighten both nuts equally
using a pin key; then loosen each nut 1/8 turn to relieve the
axial tensions, and immobilize them using the locking screws.
Assemble the other parts of the rotating assembly, leaving only the gaskets and the
split nuts to be installed during the final assembly of the set.
Install the rotating assembly in the housing. Check if it rotates freely and if the rotor is
correctly centered, in relation to the scroll. The wear rings should not touch.
If the rotor is not properly centered in the casing, loosen the nut of the shaft bushing.
side to which the rotor must be moved. Tighten the opposite nut firmly to eliminate
any slack that arises as a result of the rotor movement and then loosen
both nuts 1/8 turn, as explained above. Tighten the screws of
lock it and proceed with the remaining assembly following the reverse order of that used
in the disassembly.
Align the pump carefully and install the sealing.

NOTE: When mounting the rotor on the shaft, observe the position of the blades in relation to the
shell. The ends of the blades should be pointed in the opposite direction of
rotation, indicated by the arrow on the outer face of the housing.

Fig.16–Correct position of the rotor in the housing.

37. INSTALLATION OF NEW BEARING HOUSINGS

In very special cases, it may be necessary to replace one of the boxes.

either or both. In these cases, the instructions below should be followed:
1) Execute the first ten operations of the "Dismantling Technique".

22
 2) Remove the split gaskets, the sealing rings, and the split nuts, if
used.
3) Reassemble the pump until placing the rotating assembly in its location.
framework, using new bearings and boxes. Do not assemble the split overlapped parts now,
the gasket rings and the split nuts.
Loosen the six adjustment screws at least 1/8”. The rotating assembly
thus, remains in the lowest position possible and subject to a certain displacement
lateral.
5) Screw the new bearing boxes on slightly, allowing them to
flanges can be displaced in relation to the faces on which they rest, through
adjustment screws.
6) Fix two micrometric dial indicators to the housing, adjusting them from
way to touch the outer face of the wear rings at the highest part.
7) Using the two lower adjustment screws (located under the boxes of
displace the rotating set upwards until the rotor touches both rings
wear, but without affecting the indications of the micrometric indicators.
8) Transfer the indicators to a position that allows determining the
vertical displacements of the axis, supporting the styluses of the instruments on the sections of
axis understood between the bearing boxes and the packing boxes. Download both
extremes of the axis as much as possible, through the adjustment screws and
note the indicated shifts.
9) Through the adjusting screws, raise the rotating assembly by a value
equal to half of the displacement measured in the previous item. The rotor will thus remain,
vertically centered.
10) Now, set up the micrometric indicators on the casing so that they record
the horizontal displacements of the wear rings of the casing. Through the screws of
Horizontal adjustment, move the rotating assembly against the indicators until the rotor
touch the wear rings, without however affecting the indications of the instruments.
11. Move the indicators to the opposite side and position them to measure the
horizontal displacements of the axis. Shift the rotating assembly using the screws
for horizontal adjustment of a value equal to half of the displacement referred to in the item
"8". In this way, the rotor will be centered horizontally.
12) Tighten the screws of the bearing boxes. Drill and enlarge the housing of the
reference pins and install them.
13) Complete the assembly of the set by repositioning the overlapping bipartites, rings.
of the gasket and split chestnuts.
14) Carefully check the alignment between the pump and the actuator.

NOTE: Certain types of wear rings allow for a verification of the

centering of the rotating set through a feeler, placed between the rotor hub and the
wear rings of the casing. The observed clearances should be equal all around.
If it is necessary to replace only the axial-radial bearing housing, there is no
need to dismantle the pump. The sequence of operations to be followed, in this
the case is as follows:
Loosen the adjustment screws of the bearing in question 1/8".
2) Remove the bearing box and the bearing.

23
 3) Remove the split overlay and the engagement, only on the side of the axial bearing.
radial.
4) Install the new bearing and gently tighten the case.
5) Place a micrometer indicator to measure the vertical displacement
of the shaft in the area between the bearing and the packing box. Raise the shaft
but as much as you can, but without forcing, through the vertical adjustment screw. Note the
indication of the indicator.
6) Lower the rotating set using the lower adjustment screw until
that the indicator shows a displacement equal to half the value determined in '5'.
With this, the rotor will be vertically centered.
7) With the indicator applied laterally against the axis, shift the assembly.
rotating, laterally, by means of horizontal adjustment screws as much as
possible, without forcing, and note the reading corresponding to the extreme position. Take, in
followed, the rotating set to the center, displacing it, laterally, the equivalent to the
half of the distance set in '5'. Thus, the rotating set is centered.
laterally.
8) Tighten the screws of the bearing housings. Drill and enlarge the housing of the
reference pins and install them.
9) Install the remaining parts, such as the overlay, the O-rings, and the nut.
bipartite.
10) Check carefully the alignment between the pump and the actuator.
If there is a need to replace only the radial bearing housing, the following should be followed.
sequence of operations related to the two bearings, unless the installation has a
spacer between pump and actuator that allows for the removal of the coupling half-sleeve,
from the bearing housing, etc., without the need for complete disassembly of the pump. Not
disassembly of the shaft from the axial bearing housing, in case the assembly needs to be removed from the casing
spinner.

38. MAINTENANCE OF THE FRAME

The water passages of the hull must be kept clean and free of rust.
Whenever you disassemble a pump, clean and paint the water passages with paint.
adequate, capable of adhering firmly to metal. For better results, prefer a
finish type enamel.
Based on experience, a cleaning program should be established and followed.
and repainting of shells. By doing so, the protective paint will never reach to be
totally worn out, exposing the metal of the casing to corrosion.
A new gasket must be used whenever the pump is disassembled. The new
the gasket must be made of the same material as the original gasket and have the same thickness,
besides allowing itself to be equally compressed.

39. PLACEMENT OF THE FRAME ASSEMBLY

The joint must be cut from a single piece of material, according to the outline of the
the chassis cover is placed at the bottom with quick-drying cement to

24
together. The internal cuts must strictly follow the internal contours of
casing. There is no need to glue the gasket to the cover.

40. MAINTENANCE OF WEAR RINGS

To remove the wear rings from the rotor, it is necessary, first, to remove the
fastening screws and then forcing them out using wedges or others
appropriate means. This operation must be done carefully in order not to damage the
rotor.
Since the assembly of the rotor wear rings is done under pressure, there is always the
risk of causing permanent deformations. It is advisable to inspect the assembly
motor shaft after the installation of the new rings, in order to check if the faces of
ring work spins without eccentricities or misalignments.
In the case of pumps without a wear ring on the rotor, this should be turned until
present a regular surface in the sealing zone; the casing would, in this case, receive a
wear ring of rotor diameter. Such a ring would be machined from a semi-
finished, ordered from the factory (see the item regarding spare parts).

Caution: In the case of cylindrical wear rings like those shown in figure 6, do not
do not tighten the fastening screws too much. Take them,
simply, up to the end of the screw and secure them with a light punch using a punch of
bico.

NOTE: As a general rule, it is recommended to replace or recondition the wear rings.

from the moment your break reaches double the original. The performance that is
the demand from the bomb, however, is the determining factor in many cases.
In the case of pumps with wear rings on the housing and rotor, it is possible to perform the
reconditioning by blocking the wear ring of the housing to a diameter
slightly larger and installing oversized wear rings on the rotor.
the following recovery would consist of turning the rotor rings to a diameter
slightly inferior and the installation of wear rings of the housing with reductions of
diameter.

41. MAINTENANCE OF THE AXLES AND THEIR SLEEVES

Whenever you disassemble a pump, carefully examine its shaft in the area.
where the rotor cube fits, under the bushings and in the bearing socket. The shaft
can be damaged by rust or corrosion due to leakage along the shaft underneath
the cube or under the bushing. The bearings whose inner rings, due to being poorly fitted to
shafts, rotate in relation to these, also cause damage. Check if the keyway is
the axis presents distortions. Excessive heating or corrosion can loosen the
shaft rotor, imposing abnormal stresses on the keys and their slots. Replace the shafts
that are bent or twisted. The axle bearings subject to wear should
they can be replaced if this is too pronounced, to the point of no longer allowing one more
adequate sealing by the packing. Scratched shaft bushings or
presenting worn sections damage the new gasket rings as soon as they are

25
installed. Moreover, they can produce abnormal axial loads on the bearing.
backrest, due to the accommodation of the gaskets in the collars caused by wear in the bushings
and by the displacement of the rings under the pressure of the overlay.

42. MAINTENANCE OF BEARINGS

Bearings are usually pressed onto the shafts, which makes it necessary to use
a remover them. The claws must pull the bearing by its inner ring, the
so that the effort required for disassembly is not transmitted through the spheres.
Whenever the other components mounted on the shaft allow it, the bearings can
they are extracted with the help of a torn ring and a column press.

NOTE: Unless care is taken when disassembling a bearing, it can be

damaged to the point of becoming unusable. Always check the bearings immediately after the
disassembly, observing the existence of clearance or the occurrence of damage. Recommend-
install new bearings whenever possible, after disassemblies, because
often, the damage caused to the bearing during disassembly is only
perceived when the pump is put back into service.
For them to function satisfactorily, the bearings must have their inner rings
firmly attached to the axes, so that they do not rotate around them. It is also important that the
the fit of the outer ring in the housing does not allow for free relative movement.
There are two general methods for securing the bearings to the shafts of the pumps.
1. Heat the bearing to expand its inner ring, which will contract afterwards.
mounting on the axle.
2. Force the rolling on the axis.
The first method is preferred, and the heating should be done in an oil bath.
or in an electric oven with a uniform temperature, maintained between 200 and 259ºF (93 to 121ºC).
The assembly must be done quickly.
In case you prefer to force rolling over the axis, you can use a press of
column or a simple hammer (see figure 17). Assembling it in a press of
column, a bushing, a ring, or a pair of shims of equal thickness to support the ring
internal (and only this) on the press table. Taking the necessary care, it is possible to
mount the bearings on the axles with the help of a hammer. The blows should be
drilled into the center of a block of wood, or a thick plate, supported
about a tube with a diameter suitable for the inner ring of the bearing.
Whatever process is used, care must be taken to avoid that the
the bearing is mounted in relation to the axis. Check if the bearing has been pressed in until
touch on the axle's edge, through a feeler.

Fig.17–Two methods of mounting a bearing on a shaft.

26
43. MAINTENANCE OF BABBITT METAL BEARINGS

The bushings of the bearings that show wear should be replaced or

rebuilt with Babitt metal. A worn bearing can cause vibrations in the pump
and the damage to the wear rings.
Clean the bearing surface with an appropriate solvent and examine it.
carefully looking for cracks, scratches or foreign particles retained.
Small irregularities on Babbit metal-coated surfaces can be corrected with
the use of scraper.

ENGAGEMENT

Use only braided graphite asbestos gasket rings of good quality.

under no circumstances use linen gasket rings, due to the rapid wear they cause
in the axle sleeves.
When replacing the packing, proceed as follows:
1. Open the overlay
2. Remove the old gasket rings with an appropriate extractor and clean the box of
gaskets (see figure 18).
3. Make sure that the new gasket rings are of the correct type and dimension.
Measure the gasket box in order to determine the exact length of the gaskets. These do not
they must be cut so small that they do not complete the turn nor so large that they reach
to become wrinkled when placed in the gasket box.
4. Insert one ring at a time, pushing it as far as possible to the bottom of the
box. Assemble each ring with its joint offset by 90 or 180º in relation to the joint of
previous
5. After assembling an adequate number of rings, install the split nut. It is
It is important to verify if it is located directly below the circuit connection.
liquid sealing and whether the placement of the following rings will not affect this location.
6. Add the remaining rings. Assemble the overlay and hand-tighten the nuts; in
Next, loosen the nuts until the overlap is released. When tightening the overlap, the nuts
They must be twisted uniformly so that the overlap is not skewed.
In this way, the gasket rings receive uniform tightening.
7. The jamming must be softened. It is recommended to start the pump with the
quite loose overlay. After 10 or 15 minutes of operation, press
gradually overlapping until the leak is reduced to a regular drip.
Excessive tightening of the overlay causes abnormal friction, generating heat capable of glazing the
gaskets and sleeve bushes. For good operation, the gaskets must
remain soft and flexible.

Fig.18–Removal of the sealing

Precautions: It may happen that it is not possible to mount the overlay after installation.
of the last gasket ring. When this happens, perform the assembly omitting the last ring,

27
setting it aside for later installation, when the other rings are
they tightened as a consequence of the periodic readjustments.

45. PERFORMANCE TESTS

Performance tests must be carried out in the new facilities to determine

the manometric pressures as a function of the discharges. The results of these, carried out with
Calibrated standards serve as a comparison to evaluate the effects of wear.
This data is very useful in predicting spare parts needs.

46. DEFECT LOCATION

The most typical defects that can occur in a pump, as well as their causes,
are listed below. The operator can often avoid unnecessary expenses
paying close attention to the recommendations presented in this manual.

The pump does not supply liquid.

The pump was not bent.
The speed is insufficient.
The discharge height is higher than the maximum allowable by the pump.
The suction height is excessive.
The rotor passages are partially obstructed.
The direction of rotation is reversed.

The pump's capacity is insufficient:

a) Air entry in the suction piping.
The speed is insufficient.
(c) The discharge height is higher than specified.
(d) The suction height is excessive.
The rotor passages are partially obstructed.
Mechanical defects:
damaged rotor
worn wear rings.
The foot valve is very small or is clogged.
The foot valve or the suction pipe tip are not sufficiently submerged.

The discharge pressure is sufficient:

(a) The speed is sufficient.
The liquid contains air or gases.
(c) Mechanical defects:
damaged rotor
worn wear rings.

The pump loses priming after starting:

The suction line has air inlets.
The suction height is excessive.

28
(c) The liquid contains air or gases.

The bomb overloads your add-on:

The speed is excessive.
pumped liquid, specific weight or viscosity different from those considered in
pump selection.
(c) The overlaps are excessively tight, causing excessive friction in the
abandonment.

The bomb vibrates.

The pump is misaligned with respect to the driver.
The foundation is not rigid enough.
The rotor is partially obstructed, causing imbalance.
Mechanical defects:
bent axle
rotating assembly holding
tip expenses.

There is air or vapor in the liquid.

47. SPARE PARTS

The minimum number of spare parts to be kept in stock, at the location where
the pumps are installed, depending on the severity of the service conditions, of the magnitude of the
jobs that can be performed on site and the number of installed pumps.
At a minimum, the following spare parts should be on hand:
A game of bearings.
2. A game of axle bushings with their respective sealing elastic rings.
A game of wear rings.
4. Sufficient material for joints and gaskets.
5. An oil leveler (if applicable).
6. An inter-stage wall, complete (in the case of double-stage pumps).
7. A game of sealing elastic rings (in the case of UNB pumps).

NOTE: The wear ring measurements are 1/8" on the diameters, on the faces of
work. The wear rings will only be provided as spare parts, with
about measurements on work surfaces upon express request from the client. In case
On the contrary, they will be provided fully finished.
In order to avoid delays in the supply of spare parts that could harm the
to ensure the continuity of the pumps' operation, it is recommended that orders be placed
with the maximum possible advance.

48. HOW TO ORDER SPARE PARTS

When ordering spare parts, it is necessary to provide the serial number (BX),
the size and type of the pump for which they are intended. Consult, for this purpose, the plate of

29
identification. This information is essential for the perfect identification of
parts. Also indicate the name and number of the part, according to the list of parts that
accompany the drawing in section of each type of pump. Specify the desired quantity and,
whenever possible, the symbols engraved on the old piece (if they exist). The requests for
spare parts should be sent to the WORTHINGTON Distributor
next.

49. RETURN OF PARTS

When deemed necessary, send pieces or complete equipment to the factory for
recovery or refurbishment, establish contact, in advance, with o
Closest WORTHINGTON dealer to obtain instructions.
necessary.
All material sent back to the factory will be conveniently packaged.
to avoid damage during transport.

50. GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WORK

TAG–042A–BA–11

WORTHINGTON MANUFACTURER

TYPE: 8 LN 21 E

Primarily equip oneself with catalog, drawing, tools, instruments,

devices, etc.

2. Always look for yourself when disassembling or assembling:

Organization, cleanliness, safety, and prior knowledge of the task to be performed.

3. Never force the components improperly when disassembling.

Ex. Bearings by the outer ring, coupling by the teeth, etc.

4. Avoid cutting (mainly with a torch) assembled parts on the axle, such as
coupling, bearings, sleeves, etc.

5. Use a device that can exert sufficient pressure for disassembly of the
components.

6. Avoid disassembly or assembly of parts using a torch to

heating.

IMPORTANT: Avoid wasting time, whenever in doubt consult the

in charge of the session.

51. ASSEMBLY MANUAL

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 1. Inspect axle for dimensions, warping, dents, ovalization, conicity
mainly in the bearings and coupling accents.

Note: The coupling interference should be between 0.02 and 0.04 mm and of the bearings
from 0.01 to 0.03 and the maximum deflection of the axis is 0.03 mm.

2. Assemble rotor on the shaft (sliding).

NOTE: The rotor already comes with a wear ring assembled and sometimes pre-dimensioned.
When there is a need to adjust this with the housing ring, it should be done.
using the rotor ring.
2.1. Install the shaft glove
2.2. Mount ring '0' Rins
2.3. Install rotor mounting nut
Note: When assembling new sets, only the rotor fixing nuts should be tightened.
after mounting this onto the casing (see catalog to determine nut tightness).

2.4. Assemble supports

2.5. Install deflector rings
2.6. Assemble the bearing caps (with filters and + gasket 0.02

Note: The lid with the larger projection should be assembled on the side that is not coupled.

2.7. Mount bearings (interference)

Note: The fixed ball bearing must be assembled on the uncoupled side and secured.
through a locking nut and washer.

2.8. Install wear rings on the housing.

2.9. Assemble sliding bearing box
2.10 Tighten the screws of the caps versus bearing boxes.

Note: The axial clearance of the rotating assembly is given by the clearance existing in the bearing / free side.
which should be from 0.02 to 0.07 mm.

2.11 Install coupling and its accessories (interference)

3. Assemble rotating set onto the base housing.

Note: The blind holes in the wear rings of the housing must coincide.
with the existing pins in the casing.
3.1. Install guide pins in the existing holes in the bearing boxes and screw in
your return.

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 4. Regular rotor axially through the adjusting nuts (the clearance must be
equal on both sides).

5. Assemble the sealing gasket of the base housing versus the cover housing.

Note: The joint must be as thin as possible. Maximum thickness 1/16", / the material
used must be graphite asbestos / a way to make it is by hitting it with a hammer
against the base casing / ensure there are no burrs or waves on the surfaces
the seals / the gasket must be lubricated with grease on both sides / when assembling the housing
make sure that all the cases have the part that should be screwed on the
casing. Base, 100% threaded and well lubricated with grease / make sure of the
perfection of the joint, especially near the packing box and the wear rings.

6. Assemble the cover casing.

7. Assemble the case guide pins.

8. Screw all the nuts and start the cross tightening with 30 to 50% of the torque
final.
9. Tighten all screws and housings according to the 'ALUMAR' table.

Note: If it becomes difficult to turn the axis or even gets stuck when starting to tighten the
screws (cases) must ensure that the gasket has the appropriate thickness and that it does not
No previous item was forgotten, especially item number 03 and its observation.

10. Check the rotating conditions of the axis; it must be completely free and
I need.
11. Check the shaft warping along with the coupling eccentricity with
dial indicator. Both should not exceed 0.05 mm.

12. Perform hydrostatic testing.

Note: When assembling the gaskets for the hydrostatic test, do not use the ring.
of refrigeration.

13. Remove all seal rings used in the hydrostatic test.

14. Upon completing the assembly, check if accessories such as plugs, cup, drop stopper,
etc. They are okay.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:

RPM: 1.780
Weight of the set (Kg) 140

32
 Residual Disb. (G / mm) 13
Work pressure 15.8 Kgf / Cm2
Hydrostatic test pressure 24 Kgf /Cm2
Max. temperatures (°C) for mounting bearings 130
Max temperatures (°C) for coupling rolling 130
Wear rings 11 inches
Maximum clearance wear ring (mm) 1,2
Minimum clearance wear ring (mm) 0.5
Maximum allowable load on the mounted axle with coupling (mm) 0.05
Time that the pressure should remain during the hydrostatic test (min) 20

MOST COMMON FREQUENCIES FOR DIAGNOSIS:

Rotation = 1780 rpm

2. Rotor blade passage = 10680 cpm
3. Bearings used:
3.1. Coupling side: self compensating rolls n 21315 cc

19 rolls per row

19 mm
117.5 mm
FTF = 746 cpm (cage)
19.650 cpm (internal track)
BPFO = 14.175 cpm (outer race)
BSF = 530 cpm (roles)

3.2. Fixed side: fixed ball bearing 631503

In the spheres = 8
BD = 27 mm
PD = 117.5 mm
Face to Face= 685 cpm (cage)
BPFI = 8756 cpm (internal track)
BPFO = 5480 cpm (external track)
BSF = 3670 cpm (spheres)

LEAVE TABLE

CLEARANCE BETWEEN RINGS WEAR

PUMP MODEL TAG No. LEVELING CUP ROTOR HOUSING IN
USED DIAMETRAL INCH

6LN23 "A" 030A-BA-11/12 9.5 mm 0,024 / 0,018

10LN35 "A" 030A-BA-13/14 19.0 mm 0.026 / 0.020
8LN18 'C' 035-BA-13/14 9.5 mm 0.021 / 0.011

33
 12LN29 "A" 035A-BA-11/12 19.0 mm 0.032 / 0.026
12LN32 "C" 035D-BA-11/12 19.0 mm 1.6875
8LN14 'D' 035-BA-13/14/15 9.5 mm 0.032 / 0.027
8LN18 "A" 035H-BA-11/12 9.5 mm 0.024 / 0.018
6LN23 "A" 035H-BA-13/14 9.5 mm 0.024 / 0.018
12LN29 “A” 040-BA-13/14/23/24 19.0 mm 0.034 / 0.026
12LN26 "A" 042-BA-15/16/25/26 9.5 mm 0.026 / 0.020
8LN18 "A" 042A-BA-13/14 9.5 mm 0.024 / 0.018
8LN21 “E” 042A-BA-11/12 9.5 mm 0.024 / 0.018
121N32 "D" 045A-BA-21/22 19.0 mm 0.026 / 0.020
8LN14 "D" 035C-BA-16/17/18 9.5 mm 0.032 / 0.027
4HQ104 110-BA-16 19.0 mm 0.023 / 0.017
1 1/2HQ103 110-BA-14/15 19.0 mm 0.022 / 0.016
3L13–A 025-BA-61/62 9.5 mm 0.022 / 0.014
LNH-18/13 984Y-BA-08/09 9.5 mm 0.024 / 0.018
6HQ155 "A" 006B-BA-11/12 19.0 mm 0.026 / 0.020
4UNB12 110-BA-11 9.5 mm 0.028 / 0.024
4UNB12 110-BA-12/13 9.5 mm 0.028 / 0.024
6HQ114 "B" 035G-BA-11/12 19.0mm 0.024 / 0.018
8LN14 'A' 040BA-17/27/28 9.5 mm 0.032 / 0.027
1 1/2HQ123 "A" 043B-BA-13/14 15.0 mm 0.029 / 0.023
3HQ103 "A" 043B-BA-15/16 19.0 mm 0.024 / 0.018
1HQ103 "A" 045F-BA-21 19.0 mm 0.020 / 0.016
8LN14 "A" 0456-BA-23/24 9.5 mm 0.032 / 0.027
1 1/2HQ02 'A' 0506-BA-13/14/22 19.0 mm 0.020 / 0.016

34