List and Define The Different Types of Biases That Can Occur. in Psychometric Tests
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ScribdTranslationsList and Define The Different Types of Biases That Can Occur. in Psychometric Tests
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ScribdTranslationsList and define the different types of biases that can occur.
in psychometric tests.
The errors that occur systematically in the execution of a study
research are called biases, which will cause the results of
that research is not valid.
The group illusion: The group illusion, also known as the fallacy of
a player consists of thinking that individual random situations are
determined by previous situations.
Blindness due to lack of attention: This cognitive bias or prejudice is
consequence of an attention error and consists of not taking into account that
What happens when we are focused on a specific thing and not
we see nothing of what happens around.
Selective observation bias: It is about thinking or reflecting on something.
based on what we consider important. In this way, biases
cognitive observations can harm our self-esteem and
self-perception.
Self-justification bias: This cognitive bias consists of justifying
constantly something you have done to avoid feeling remorse or thinking
in the mistake you have made.
Retrospective bias: It is another of the most common cognitive biases.
through this cognitive prejudice, we begin to reflect on events
past contributions or explanations of what should have been
made to be able to avoid it, as if that had been possible.
Self-fulfilling prophecy: We think about something that is not true, but we act.
so because we believe that is what we have to do and, when that happens
confirm, we take it as a completely real fact. Exactly the same as
a prophecy. The bias of the self-fulfilling prophecy consists of causing something
what we fear will happen but which one ends up generating with their attitude
and actions.
Series illusion or apophenia: This cognitive bias is very similar to the illusion of
group, with the exception that with apophenia we see patterns where there are none
Hey. We perceive connections in events and random data that do not have
sense and we give them a specific meaning.
In 1959, the neurologist Klaus Conrad defined it as "concrete experiences of
to give abnormal meaning to what does not have it.
Framing effect: It is a quite common bias. It consists of establishing
conclusions depending on how the information is presented. The same data
They can lead you to think one thing or another depending on how it is for you.
transmitted. In politics and in the media, this is played with.
bias to influence public opinion.
Attribution bias: It is what makes us think that only we have...
fought and achieved something that only we have done right, that only
we are understanding and empathetic.
Confirmation bias: It is a very common type of cognitive bias. It consists of
to consider valid those facts or data that correspond or that
They back our opinion on something specific, denying those others that
they are not. They are the consequence of selective thinking, of a
subjective interpretation of what happens. We only read what confirms
our own opinions.
Halo effect: The halo effect is a tendency to shape our impressions
and opinions about certain characteristics of a subject or object depend on the
the first impression they have caused us before other characteristics.
Fear of loss: This cognitive bias consists of trying to avoid a
change out of fear of losing. This option is the one we have discussed
Previously, outside the comfort zone, we closed the door to possible improvements.
in our quality of life due to fear.
Exposure lag bias: These types of biases are nothing more than the
repetition of behaviors solely because they are familiar to us.
Memory bias: Memory bias can alter the content of
that which we have remembered. These cognitive biases make us remember
facts that are erroneous or that we grant ourselves experiences that have
passed on to others.
Authority bias: This cognitive bias implies that people have
the tendency to overestimate the opinion of a person who is considered the
authority on a specific topic.
Anchoring bias or anchoring heuristic: The anchoring bias, also
known as anchor heuristic, it consists of the fact that people tend to
use the first information we are given to judge all the others
decisions that are related to that context.
Observer bias: This bias consists of us acting in a way
different and we make different attributions to a situation depending on whether
we are the actors or if we are the observers.
Attention bias: Attention bias refers to the tendency that some
people tend to give more importance or pay more attention to some
stimuli in front of others.
Beauty effect: It is a psychological effect that produces a deviation.
in our way of perceiving the beauty of others. Thus, when
the beauty effect happens, people think that a man or a woman are
more attractive when being in a group than when being alone.
Acquiescence bias: This bias occurs in surveys. According to the
In research, people tend to be more likely to give an option.
positive before negative ones.
Yobani A. Reyes Delgado.