MOST COMMON SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED DISEASES IN
THE PHILIPPINES
HIV/AIDS
It is transmitted through semen,
vaginal fluids, and blood but
can also be acquired through
sharing of needles (from tattoo
piercing and blood or drug
transfusions).
It is directly associated with
acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS). Untreated HIV
can progress to AIDS.
The common symptoms of HIV include fever, chills,
headaches, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, mouth
ulcers, weight loss, and fatigue. However, many
patients experience no symptoms.
There is no vaccine for HIV and no cure for AIDS—yet.
But the spread of the virus can be prevented. For
people with HIV, taking antiretroviral medication can
prevent their partners from becoming infected.
Taking post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) within 72 hours
can also reduce infection risk for those who believe
they have been exposed to it.
More importantly, using a condom during intercourse
can avoid transmission.
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV)
It is the most common
sexually transmitted
infection worldwide.
Aside from causing
anogenital warts,
persistent infection
with high-risk HPV
genotypes is the well-
established necessary
cause of cervical
cancer.
GENITAL WARTS
These are fleshy
growths that may form
individually or in
clusters.
Lesions may also
appear in the mouth or
throat of those who
have engaged in oral
sex with an infected
partner.
Men who have genital warts can see
the growths emerge on the scrotum,
around the anus, on the shaft, and
the tip of the penis. In women, it
can pop up around the vaginal
opening and spread to the rectal
area and the cervix.
These warts can be treated with
laser and prescribed solutions and
may require more than one type of
treatment to disappear permanently.
Using condoms and getting HPV
vaccinations can help prevent
genital warts.
GENITAL HERPES
It is a contagious
infection that can
spread through sex.
This viral sexually
transmitted disease
(STD) comes in two
forms: HSV1 and HSV2.
HSV1 is linked with cold
sores, while HSV2 is
associated with genital
sores.
It’s possible to pass on
herpes from the mouth to the
genitals and vice versa.
The blister-like sores can
be treated with oral and
topical medications. To
prevent catching and
spreading genital herpes,
sexually active people must
use condoms, limit the
number of partners, and get
tested regularly.
SYPHILIS
It is an infection that can Treatment for
have severe health syphilis includes
complications, affecting vital antibiotics. However,
organs like the heart, spine, the damage done might
and brain if left untreated. not be reversed.
To decrease the
chances of
contracting syphilis,
use latex condoms
properly during
intercourse to
prevent direct
contact with a sore.
The symptoms of syphilis are divided
into stages:
Primary – Firm and round sore(s)
called chancre at the initial site
of infection, usually around the
genitals, anus, rectum, or in and
around the mouth
Secondary – Involves skin rashes,
swollen lymph nodes, and a fever
Latent – There will be no signs or
symptoms at this stage
Tertiary – Associated with severe
medical problems
GONORRHEA
It is acquired from having sex
with someone infected with the
bacteria causing it.
Symptoms include feeling a
burning sensation when peeing,
swollen testicles (for men),
white, yellow, or green
discharge from the penis or
more vaginal discharge than
usual, and pain when having
sex.
This disease can be treated with
antibiotics, which can also be given
to the patient’s sexual partner.
Failure to get treatment for
gonorrhea can increase the risk of
acquiring or transmitting HIV
through activated immune cells
caused by inflammation, the spread
of infection to other parts of the
body, and infertility.
To avoid gonorrhea, abstain from any
type of sexual intercourse.
CHLAMYDIA
This is one of the most
common and curable sexually
transmitted diseases.
Usually, chlamydia shows no
symptoms, but those infected
notice an unusual discharge
and burning sensation during
urination.
Chlamydia can be
treated with
antibiotics. But since
it does not show
symptoms, getting
screened is essential
for prevention and
diagnosis.
Condoms are effective
in preventing this
disease.
Practice Safe Sex
Sexually transmitted infections affect both men
and women and can be acquired when an individual
is exposed through sex with an infected partner.
It is crucial for sexually active people to get
regular screening for STI prevention and detection
and to practice safe sex.
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