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1.3 Hydrostatics

The document discusses the principles of fluid mechanics, focusing on pressure, buoyancy, and the behavior of fluids under various conditions. It covers concepts such as absolute and gauge pressure, the effects of gravitational forces, and the use of manometers for measuring pressure. Additionally, it addresses the distribution of pressure in fluids and the implications of fluid dynamics in practical applications.

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pareshs2544
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14 views30 pages

1.3 Hydrostatics

The document discusses the principles of fluid mechanics, focusing on pressure, buoyancy, and the behavior of fluids under various conditions. It covers concepts such as absolute and gauge pressure, the effects of gravitational forces, and the use of manometers for measuring pressure. Additionally, it addresses the distribution of pressure in fluids and the implications of fluid dynamics in practical applications.

Uploaded by

pareshs2544
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Pn => P-Pa 2 gregh ft eke ir Or Vacuum ve Neonlishe pocorn = Pa = Gauge (RP -Fa) Se esd ite. pre = lls Uscal atm. fr. b, Negahwe/2uchion [vacuum gorge P< ba (Pa) aboatuke abaobake Zexm ( VACUUM p pease Sane Bourdon gauge Presntne Weames gruge previa ' Pcs oft Link BASIC EQUATION fer Preoown Field a (v3) S48 Stu =[t- BAF ahs [RSs 1. Sfe = — SE satus Leemvoe, Shy = — FE & Sy Sy Sf > — BB. Soe ba te < ReoWrant SURFACE free SH = Keer Fon kom Se ) Ae., ay Te An Fe 4G o fae = oe (7 sie’ =>\'o = pv. rE 16555] P, 4) ene. 2OzB: MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE 4 * Pores) Fe Cong P, least Lecal alm. Pr. (ohae, ee Vacuum [aloseQute $ers | Bbviersty, Apresmune Sie CE @, Com alos te -masoimadh eee - Raighk of Cotoumm of a Liqrid — then The tennis Unsle of 4raccomes —> make, Cm OF H™ of tee Legs Deneve ae Nfs BARoM = Shee yep Pets oes 5. + Paap = Polen V O\GN| mn? << 1 cag ees Cee 12.6% 9810 % 0-76 = \OV.336 KN] 52 wie oS \om MANOMETRY Stordancl feclrniopne of Moosurmp Aprcstuce Waurtves Was of Liquid Coens vu Verticok Dervis b ae presen. ov winckirnech rezs . @ MANoMETERS => Picgemeke — U-tuee US) Pikes: aoe de Awe @ Peyomeby tvbes: face = ey, i Paz ar TH Cabrastute ) awh (gongs) pecrrek QR ihe Gut, rritelle only for re gauge Preceures Cee pe. > atm Pe) ‘ cir Will be 2uced in Des ) pr. Tet be arwoll, Prarwiae, Auber Eran be be Leap Zi ame Pld mck be Lari ® v- we mansmek— (open U-twee) @=pulf | ee omseten. Begpnrc /Pouid Con a : gpuge Plaid Pact a6, ee — OCF aby 2 teen we ference) bye Sede FS Wo A coutainn goo, TH wna iGilela Py & tmto Aone Pa , Reaver Satna co feore FA , Light apne, placa (10) D Fa morale a VeBg Hi ph Fok Pa + Vq (24-21) — Fa (ZB) +s (2673)- ¥g(@er2d-h, las be os Noe Kohermined, Dighta- monometric Plurd (or Garage Poateh) willl opve Longe vmememetyic Coloumens (fi gldts ) Accuracy ¢ Srelineal maromahy tre will enbemes The readongs bub That ~veadiup will be Cove Cube Vevkeek ease. fre hg wet will tad Ay ee Very usefie, widely 2? She Rar howd equines We Calilwahion Pustnbe fer omall pressure differences ; ewitnt te use fr Large Pr. difference, is ce tension effects (Canemp CapiUloyy vice) nog @igitale ees ores cucmsehee tlaas (AS) etd SU , dnambage —S olsv weoponas —> No civ buebQ.. seer teen MicRe MA NomETERS 12 S D oe ae — heyy = ie ~RoR= 244% — YH QAR, TN = Wy) + 24h C8) ales (Ah)A = Bee 1. 46eb.%& A Ko anee of cress—eeckion U- tHbe A & of ” ny Of ~etoewesiv Shp = HCE? EE CD weet ee] go ay, W \3 SO nee akan presnunn o Conkwenedy chomgmp With sere, ome herRd Use a device that Convecte presom Cor deftecha, of a cialhragm) ibs om ele dhs cok oubpul => fresemre Toons a Fim elacke ciaphriogm defect ; tric tefeutim to sensed oheain Gm ge —> Cormrerked tly eLectricel rigral (Vettage) W =2 4% hae a x See dhe ot Bower + OBABWXIVI NY + 398KI91x (24), SS VB.CK99BAWBI AY, BouED + 23496.9) + 293F).4 = 133149168 aan _ 2368-3) _ 4, 22m = a a \33\43 Chee gangs Proms heal & curRveD WYpRostATiIC eceE OH Gamer Lane] SURFACES fry Serfece , ween pubmerges i Mam fluid, Speriences a Pluid freee whic to dichilbuked (nd wrfronly alaays) thre pl, The -weovLtouwt of teas — > WpROSTATIC FORCE Flutd Twit Com bbe eatmoled boy unlegonhion mttaer) Pprseeeven prevem or by the dewelebed Fremnta Homer) Pane S Mm a ero elewet joe Ke Fs Spaa = va =wRA CINCLINES PLANE SURFACE s Since (rds nh >, Vietevily afhict oo we The count Perea adhe on ome oie of due lament iS Gece 2 fran = (eeda > [ranean : f A Aas “Fa hime flan 1 =& 2m )( 09) = Sion HB Brot mument farce aloe x-onie= AF Whore GF to due dintance of dre Coukwrid C Prom Me ranin Wwe Coowlmches of due Couheicl < are (%,9 ) Thee, F = WAG (of bus ree) Bi the depth of Me contest [bale tee foce uri g 1 Fa @ (Mee of 5 Le) (Aprcaonns hee Could of tm) FHC pe oF doe 20 YS omate 8 fe Eee \ The nce Dtout F wrod be wormed te the surface - ar all ue eLewe hl Freeo are 1 Fowemaies Wwhanged if dre Du fkce co-wetebed about amy ores Herergl Ue Ceuhsxd . R & f Dirfece von easertiod Ove Needs te knew due preeteae ab dre Conhael Valid Pr omy ota uid Lime of ackm of F mocks due trfice at a pott Te oS ee Wilk Coordinahes(2, \y) : inch ben (via cose of pages a) Fue (iy), we take mame of F abeuk Yy-ario(F 2!) and x Onin (Fy) R c tnese with he Comveobonclip merertts of eLomewkel feces. Fol = Geran = fos Pio dd = m6 (oy B A : hoey'> fvpar =\@ Meee” at eaten 0 ji dn Ok, Fa TAY AHO af es: ay ag “ Sytan i oe eres ao eS ae Moment of are AY eo Gee ne form wibicm y is Manone) \é Who dre Purfece, hee am ante of Papmmeny We ne —divechim, This axle may be Chyren as Y-ayin and teen (ory oa becomes yere A Ths me ews bet be Cobre of preaeire Lies mw tre ayia of Pywrety, at a chietance yo (mozoured) demon Dae Paws rface) frm dhe sc-oyis Mat ye me aa Te in Oke second moment of area about mete! Cowhsidal axis & is aQumgs vt tee y ee. dno couker of presser ts olureye Lon drat dee Ceownetd. ee ae i B covery forge, FE every ome By ey Facts at Ceuker of Pycooure Ame Fer Qeees but Us mogeicle & BOR by eee the Prec ef area A are Precoure at tre > Vuydrwateuhe Apreeawee \anries Linask Fa Sar = [regen es [Tos a o v Fre Coulee of Proeooure, ee pee = (Cader y G & ue 4 ze) Fay = +z) - »{S) ee ae a qe Os Diva of ackon of fore oo Safw tre Free —ounkace Fein im E Spo VHSA = BOY S¥ jo om Lormentel Velie (450) of tue prcomets pom pe pe sr- Bly fer = Vole of Prcoree Priem. Fee coe of P/E = forda = = wee Syrda = Saar Be Scie (eae = es ys a (oat A eet eveces el od yc eterte tc Oxon fee 0 bee Cate ites Vn Wrerefors, due Lina of ackon of dre precoune Fires (ea Ce = are ee eee er ded te Wate te ae ee doth of one ae ae = AR =(9.3x999 3x9 44D (exam) = \234 kN Couhe of Prveemuns HER ee 3) + fis Fe TS = (443) @xe) G4 = 7.43™ fem & mM oD => F, 7 O3%928) (6x4) (ath Cans?) a \20o2\25. AINE 1202)KN = pr gerse] Aa) 2 (6x4) G+ berms) Cad eoiees = 5.7o7m belles F omk4m HYpROSTAT\Ic fRcE ON CURVED SuRFAcES a tus Presoun frees Sa ) Y On individish element, wil be ait ee? Wee i Serre Dt - -4e Porreblet es Ee Je They hove te lee okdad vechrrva lt, Fa BY Simtpene vey io bo calculate S furetyntel oma yerbend Cmborente of Tre Aoted Atnvot/foree dine to presoune Ord Conlorme theo verhrielQ, Ths diograwm etusurs Poca -becly dcagnam of d+ Fluid (Lignid ) Comkainaol wittin Cumred ourface ARE ond Nerkical Jprrfedins Prom dee BES Cowidar ber eqvilibsiom of due boty FR Liquid ABC FE eng ithe fees BE yn Ce eee tee pevface musk ee er et tee free ae ee ee ee sce eee Ge ee Se ot fre Cott Nols tre Pree Pmrface . FL m purfaces DE and CF valence Fy = Wyt Wet Wa % Wye We ine of actin f Fy v2 Terr ph due Coubonid of due Plaid Whiwe ARCE EDA STMiLan [same Tycatmret fv a es pike of ARC uayenk Pores io tus result BUOYANCY ener on a body. by a tit ee Prtomorge) SUGMERGED Bovies pa ue body. sth _SUGMER GED Borres ” Free om due borly. A . no Ro She REP DS Dsubieted Wagdrcat Pree ' fs A.” eee ” o i of bos Ltd AYBCOPER hoped THek bs AL = weight af tee Lied to romerged Ordy part of D+ beedfe ge tars coor be Cag a weeegth of OH: Pleaheplany Soviews, | Fg od Woon Chloe —_——— sf = FA Sq = ee SY ry i = CP.-%\) 0 LR gegie ae er Ya ~ Fe BN: a ee Bs Ge = = A (Ae yee. Te Rees ee of tus dinbpleced Ce Sea Wale Bye. = 1025 Fe= a Le = 0. 9x \oP XS. ag x \025 x \ssr%D.B1 = WAG i Cee ae Silomenge 2 Vetus = in ae a 0-08 Vigte = Bah % Viet Say See rah of Vote . 1, Cubkoide dee. ooty \2%4 dus ieberg Trot co wy T\e of Tceeees Dita Go blew & Crt nun Ge "Fd Syalo2. Eqmlibsinnn G is ober B Crerormp Mamed AY Renharmp Moment 1, Unekalele Equbiirsivm Bw G Concile asain Acts wst Charge Collinesriy of Fe tw Gwe Coube of Gorvly Be Coube of Busrgarcy MW & below G. @® Determine GARB ord o@o WATe @ ov Hey ee becky by a ped anghe 6, ow welt Live J) Wows peaition of BB! Verncot Teoh & Vatereedts Dime SF Aemestng Ge oF M—> Metacewk< MG w& kusm ap tre mrelncewtic horglrr Tg wo the tecend Morrant of aree of dve wal &re aleeut Uo tilled anve 4poorny Ahnegh O po dita ber Sphere of. vataies Ones Wgtp — in be pulbbrwerged Votes Goa dictoma Vehseen G AE Betis Go NG So aNG Restrinp moment — Alob@ cea) “ “ MG o-vt Fo Brethueny teamed > Uolable FLuipshiguips im RigyD-Bopy MOTION @ ee Sn coe types of fluid vedios , Wprmeiples of fluid abhi One olpfplicolte Buk, Tee wevine Pluse hes we deformeb oy Fluid moves Wacfrmly > wo acc™ =p all parkeles mevnp will Pee ome Nrolrcihy =3 No defrmration => No whaan sheor Ye Plurd wy moe hamnp UniroRm AccELERATION ua. a Lome Jrew ofee No FLUID LAYER Moves Rerative to ambinar agar J. Wo DEFORMATION ANo Shao, Povee Buk cw addihm to Me buco free hore ip am addihionel firee Cantinp due ace” eae SUCH FLUID MOTIONS ==> Fluid & wm Rigip-Bepy MoTIon FLUID Wain ts RIGHT EQUILIBRION A Flu) Ported wetnine ibe idowtihy , wort. be eurereumdive 5, ar the feud dees WH dale Balnemp due Pecsoune forces ond aceelerstoa Preeo ve hod cbhuves —vp -9g3 = 9a Which is genet eqn. oF mT Poe a Pound varwiqid= bscy TSH om ia ier (rin) core , when aye, Ay =o, ag #° [25 Ob aye — — fF X sharia) aoaee Soe S35] tee = 3 ge eel2! a) (Peeein dees — =- Sa, 5 By any Say ole K B= — (yah, = -£ (rev) pe RGB) & db = Be a * Cheec es vel Poceonts gon pots Located ah(2t/%) mae & (Arde 3483) oe, Mr seeds abs 5) 4s ip — $(9+ og) 4g along a Lange Cowatont prcooure , pwd ar Free Purtace ap ao => 8(g+ a3) d3 = —Sa 9% (Ox) ee ae grag. Ayo => Free surface (ie. Grmat px. Revsfourface) foe due accelerahup Giguid wt be INCLINED only : A, = 0 & ago 3] Verve ok Ace eeu tam =o = He Se Peee urface Will lee \roripented Rul, Tee preesmre cuotileesi=> vo 7B Wor BYDRORTAIAG = 2D BB -3 (ary) Tuk ts, tee Pliricle of Comstent oie, downity , PRessuRge VARIES LINEARLY with DEPTH BUT, awe VARIATION 1S DUE Te The Comiined EFFECTS OF GRAV\TRTIONAL &— Externe lO, Unducoeh acclanass on ee eh fs ie perhup m due Pleoe of am efevaln, oacallancing Wpwerd, will be Vncpeaeed ove that Weir eylole WRon dre tke is eitee ak ~eat or trowe WiTG Corekons velocity Fox 0 PreeQy BWrup fluid mars, a= — 4 R=) =e ee ay=o = Be 24 A-€., Preaeme uo dee SAME EVERYWHERE JN THE FLUID ONIFORM ROTATION Awout faverta cat AXIS, ee) Cixlndricel cembaimar octeres aeeuk aq vertical Axi WH Wafer angular velecthy w attains aelebre equrQibsiun ' Ragid~ broly mShion Retales Wat One same omgllor speech as due Cowra, ‘ ackh feRceD Sek —wSheion of Plaid eve 00 ae FREE VORTEX => Liguid omty borne aehbed & NOT TAR as w& hoe mie jen dn dete eek Pld periele Merve we Civente, pot will a peed fa Yentes Us WAR due dickomce. fae the Gulhe Defermohon 2. fluid stolen prwiples rndk abblioka Faced Vetter Mikton No shasy stresses Oecalanakmn Mreted —yrdin ll, Wveare} jovsrdo bs ayto of Astin, With nedcal diredin of A bemp Jpesihvr oubnred) fem O,= vw = age 8 of pagmenneboy » PtPo© - 2, ap = at whom, p= 9 PE _89g4 co Tp Ee Ba Ne ~ ~S0 aba — $6 445), lek p ok m&eengin © ena ice fo 05-9 Ogee cetae east @ pebdmp 0. Brewented oome (420) fr which =e Cnet hore om te plane , weg? pe +i cating Pa MOEN ae ea terns Veep at Os fred Wortex one cous strat dre baad a Vertical Ach (alee a =0 pare) Varies an he eqrere Ofte. wedi ea eae Preseure Cimelunclnp dre Free surface) are, therefore, Pparabeterids of srRubiar M amg Fork Pom de free sinfhen of dhe -B SR tierce tino is Aiea 5 4 Fem 8 = Fe Seas = Stay 945° Fag + One linehen of et Pree OUrfree Vertes Dirannley ke 5,

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