Pushkin is considered to be the greatest Russian poet and the founder of contemporary
Russian literary language. He was born in 1799 in Moscow into a noble family. Among
his ancestors was a captive Abyssinian who became the personal servant and then a
protе´gе´ of Peter the Great, and Pushkin subsequently wrote about his great-
grandfather in his unfinished story Арап Петра Великого.
Pushkin received an excellent education at the Lyceum at Tsarskoe Selo near
St.Petersburg - an exclusive boarding school established by Alexander I for sons of
noble families. His talent as a poet was already evident during his early years at the
Lyceum where he wrote poems in Russian and in French. While there Pushkin was asked
to recite his poem before the celebrated Russian poet Gavriil Derzhavin, and Derzhavin
was so impressed with the talent of the young poet that he hailed him as his successor.
Later Pushkin wrote about this meeting: «Стари´к Держа´вин нас заме´тил/ И в гроб
сходя´, благослови´л» (The old Derzhavin noticed us/, and entering his grave, he
blessed us). Years spent at the Lyceum were very happy for Pushkin. Throughout his life
he kept friendships with his close Lyceum friends Ivan Puschin, Anton Del’vig and
Wilhelm Küchelbecker, and wrote many poems reflecting on his time at Tsarskoe Selo.
His famous poem 19 октября written in 1825 was dedicated to the anniversary of the
Lyceum opening in 1811.
Друзья´ мои, прекра´сен наш сою´з!
Он как душа´ нераздели´м и ве´чен —
Неколеби´м, свобо´ден и беспе´чен
Сраста´лся он под се´нью дру´жных муз.
Куда бы нас ни бро´сила судьби´на,
И сча´стие куда´ б ни повело´,
Всё те же мы: нам це´лый мир чужби´на;
Оте´чество нам Ца´рское Село´.