STANDARD PRECAUTIONS Everyone must: Clean hands when entering and leaving room Cover mouth and nose

se with arm or tissue when coughing or sneezing Doctors and Staff must: Gown and glove if soiling likey Wear mask and eye cover if splashing body fluids likely CONTACT PRECAUTIONS Everyone must: Clean hands when entering and leaving room Doctors and Staff must: Gown and glove at door Use pt dedicated or disposable equipment. Clean and disinfectant shared equipment Common Conditions: Multidrug resistant organisms Carbapenem-resistant Gramnegative rods/ESBL Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Vancomycin-resistant Enteroccoccus (VRE) Scabies Wounds or abscesses with uncontained drainage Dishes/utensils: No special precaution. Kitchenware sanitized in dishwasher Equipment and Supplies: Use a dedicated or disposable equipment when available Clean and disinfect reusable equip and other electronic prior to removing from pts room PPE: Put ON in this Take OFF & dispose in order: this order: 1. Wash or gel 1. Gloves hands 2. Eye cover (if used) 2. Gown 3. Mask (if used) 3. Mask (if 4. Gown needed) 5. Wash or gel hands 4. Eye cover (if (even if gloves needed) used) 5. Gloves Private Room:

If not available, room with pt that has the same organism but no other infection Personal protective equipment should be put on at the doorway and removed before leaving the room. Do not carry dirty gowns, gloves, or masks outside of the room or dispose of them at the nurses station. Staff should don protective equipment when entering the room as you are likely to either touch the patient or equipment that may be contaminated. Help keep yourself and other patients safe.

CONTACT ENTERIC PRECAUTIONS Everyone must: Wash or gel hands when entering and wash on leaving room Doctors and Staff must: Gown and glove at door Use pt dedicated or disposable equipment. Clean and disinfectant shared equipment Common Conditions: Acute diarrhea with unknown etiology Clostridium difficile (C. difficile, C. diff) Norovirus Rotavirus Dietary: Family and visitors should not eat in the room. Dishes/Utensils: No special precautions. Kitchenware sanitized in dishwasher. Equipment and Supplies: Use dedicated or disposable equipment when available. Personal Protective Equipment: USE SOAP AND WATER TO WASH HANDS WHEN LEAVING ROOM Put ON in this Take OFF & dispose in order: this order: 1. Wash or gel 1. Gloves hands 2. Eye cover (if 2. Gown used) 3. Mask (if 3. Gown needed) 4. Mask (if used)

5. Must wash with Clean hands when entering and soap and water leaving room (even if gloves used) Doctors and Staff must: Wear PPAR or N95 mask prior to entering room Airborne infection Isolating room required (negative pressure) Keep door closed DROPLET PRECAUTIONS Common Conditions: Everyone must: Pulmonary or Laryngeal Clean hands when entering and Tuberculosis leaving room Wear mask Tips: Doctors and Staff must: AII room or Airborne Infection If contact with secretions likely, Isolation or negative pressure use gown, glove, and eye cover room are specially designed to Common Conditions: prevent the flow of air from the Influenza room into the corridors and Meningitis common areas where susceptible Pertussis persons may be exposed. This is Respiratory viruses accomplished through special Visitors: ventilation systems Visitors should check with nurse a. Strict Isolation. Strict isolation is used before entering room for the first to prevent the transmission of all highly time. communicable diseases that are spread Only allow them to visit already by both, contact or airborne routes of exposed. Visitors should wear a transmission. Examples of such diseases mask in the room. are chickenpox and rabies. AIRBORNE CONTACT PRECAUTIONS b. Respiratory Isolation. Respiratory Everyone must: isolation is used to prevent transmission Clean hands when entering and of organisms by means of droplets that leaving room are sneezed or breathed into the Doctors and Staff must: environment. Examples of such diseases Airborne infection Isolating room are influenza and tuberculosis. required (negative pressure) Keep door closed c. Protective Isolation. Protective Gown and glove at door isolation is used to prevent contact Common Conditions: between potentially pathogenic Chickenpox microorganisms and uninfected persons Disseminated herpes zoster who have seriously impaired resistance. (shingles) Patients with certain diseases, such as Measles (rubeola) leukemia, who are on certain therapeutic Tips: regimens are significantly more AII room or Airborne Infection susceptible to infections. Isolation or negative pressure room are specially designed to d. Enteric Precautions. Enteric prevent the flow of air from the precautions are used to control diseases room into the corridors and that can be transmitted through direct or common areas where susceptible indirect oral contact with infected feces persons may be exposed. This is or contaminated articles. Transmission of accomplished through special infection depends on ingestion of the ventilation systems pathogen. Examples of diseases requiring enteric precautions are dysentery and AIRBORNE RESPIRATOR PRECAUTIONS hepatitis. 4. Eye cover (if needed) 5. Gloves Everyone must:

e. Wound and Skin Precautions. Wound and skin precautions are used to prevent the spread of microorganisms found in infected wounds (including burns and open sores) and contact with wounds and heavily contaminated articles. Conditions requiring these precautions include infected burns, infected wounds, and infections with large amounts of purulent discharge. Diseases that may require wound and skin precautions include herpes, impetigo, and ringworm. f. Blood Precautions. Blood precautions are used to prevent acquisition of infection by patients and personnel from contact with blood or items contaminated with blood. Examples of diseases that require blood precautions (refer to Lesson 1) are HBV and HIV/AIDS. g. Discharge Precautions. (1) Secretion precautions-lesions. These precautions are used to prevent acquisition of infection by personnel and patients from direct contact with wounds and secretion-contaminated articles. Some examples of diseases requiring these precautions are conjunctivitis, gonorrhea, and syphilis. (2) Secretion precautions-oral. These precautions are used to prevent acquisition of infection by personnel from direct contact with oral secretions. Some examples of diseases requiring these precautions are herpes areolas and scarlet fever. (3) Excretion precautions. These precautions are used to prevent acquisition of infection by personnel and patients from direct contact with fecal excretions. Some examples of diseases requiring these precautions are poliomyelitis and staphylococcal food poisoning.