SET-1: QUESTION

INDIAN ECONOMY

Q1 Critically examine the debilitating effect of colonialism on the Indian Economy.

Q2. Discuss the main concern of government regarding economic policy after the attainment of
Independence?

Q3. The Nehruvian view endorsed the need for rapid development led by state economic activity and
planning’. Comment
Q4. The 73rd and 74th Constitutional amendments have remained as unfi nished agenda. How does it
hinder the accomplishment of economic democracy? Examine.

Q5. Subsidies are often criticised that instead of offering solutions to the problems they themselves become
a problem. In the light of the above statement discuss the issues surrounding the subsidy system in
India

Q6. What can be the different form of privatisation and among them which one is prominent in India?
Discuss
Q7. Examine why Disinvestment is necessary? Critically analyze the need to have a relook at the
disinvestment policy.

Q8. Populism is not a full-blown ideology like liberalism, conservatism or socialism. It is a “thin-centred”
discourse rooted in the idea of popular will and is comfortable aligning itself to any ideology that
could be broadly appealing to a majority. In context of above statement discuss the concept of
Populism and how the populist policies can prove to be damaging to the economy of India.

Q9. Discuss the state of 3rd generation fi nancial reforms in India, what are major objectives of these and
how many of these have been implemented?
Q10. What do you understand by Public fi nance management system & how it has the potential of
increasing transparency & accountability? Also elaborate on the challenges of adopting it.

SET-1.1: QUESTION
INDIAN ECONOMY
Q1. What ails coal sector in India? Prepare a model for comprehensive reforms in coal sector.

Q2. What is the difference between a Maharatna, Navratna, and Miniratna company? How the status does
help these companies in their day-to-day working?
Q3. Exit may become necessary due to strategic reasons, fi nancial constraints and environmental changes.
Critically analyze.

Q4. What is Demographic Dividend? Discuss advantages and challenges. Enumerate the measures to be
taken to reap the demographic dividend.

Q5. The last decade has seen a rise in the Gig economy, where, instead of full-time employment,
organisations contract with independent workers for short-term engagements. Discuss the
opportunities and challenges provided by this kind of new trend in the job market.
Q6. Traditional mode of land reforms won’t work anymore; the need of hour is to understand the legal
complications of land acquisition and modern farm technology.’ Critically analyze the National Land
Records Modernization Programme (NLRMP) in this context?

Q7. Corona crisis provides an opportunity to the government to overhaul its economic policy framework.
Discuss, how well has India responded to the impact of COVID 19 on Indian economy

Q8. What is Industrial Revolution 4.0? Critically examine the effects it may have on Indian economy.
Q9. What do you mean by subsidy reforms? Comment on the major reforms taken by the government
of India in the last decade?

Q10. Discuss the causes and impact of overpopulation on the Indian economy?

26
 SET-2: QUESTION
PLANNING & IMPACT OF LPG REFORMS ON INDIAN ECONOMY

Q1. The growth of Indian economy since 1991 reforms can be described as the service sector led economic
growth. Analyze its major impacts on the Indian Economy? Do you think that service sector led
growth is sustainable in the long run? Give reasons with statistical support?

Q2. Critically examine the impact of New Industrial policy initiated in 1991 in India.

Q3. Manufacturing output grew 7%-8% annually since 1991, with a marked improvement in the variety and
quality of goods produced but the long-term constraints on industrialization perhaps lie in poor
agricultural productivity and inadequate public infrastructure. Discuss.
Q4. India suffers from a special case of premature deindustrialization; enumerate its major reasons and
suggest measures to reverse the situation?

Q5. Examine the changes in composition of India’s exports and imports since liberalization. Analyze India’s
terms of trade in this context.

Q6. Explain how India has moved from central planning to indicative planning; also discuss the reasons
behind such a shift? Is NITI Aayog more compatible to this mode of planning as compared to
planning commission.
Q7. Discuss dissimilarities and similarities between present Niti Aayog and former Planning Commission of
India.

Q8. What should be the right approach to eradicate poverty in India, uni-dimensional or multi-dimensional
approach? Give reasons.

Q9. In context of the privatisation of public sector enterprises, critically examine whether privatisation is a
feasible solution or a loss making move by the government.

Q10. What were the key components of the economic reforms undertaken in the Indian economy in 1991?
What were the major objectives and measures initiated by it? Examine how successful have they
been in meeting them.
SET-3: QUESTION
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Q1. India aspires to become $5 trillion economy by 2024. What measures needs to be taken by both
government and private-corporations to achieve this target? Discuss the long term impact of unsustainable
and non-inclusive growth on Indian society.

Q2. Elaborate the importance of small-scale savings in India. Critically examine the steps taken by
government to promote small-scale savings in India.

Q3. In India, despite having good savings rate, domestic investment is less. If India needs to grow, there
should be more investments in agriculture, manufacturing or services. Discuss.
Q4. The Transition of fi rms from MSME to big businesses is missing in India which in turn hampering
economic growth and employment generation. Discuss the factors which are inhibiting this
transition in Indian economy. What measures should be taken to overcome them?

Q5. The MSME sector has emerged as a highly vibrant and dynamic sector of the Indian economy over the
last few decades. Critically Analyze.

Q6. Although growth and development appear similar, they contrast each other on multiple aspects.
Discuss with respect to Indian economy.
Q7. The Manufacturing sector in India has been characterized by the persistence of ‘Dualism’. Discuss how
the dualism has slowed down the expected dynamic role of this sector.

Q8. The risk borne by a single party is extreme in case of both the PPP models (BoT and EPC). In the light of
above statement explain how Hybrid Annuity model will resolve this problem also highlight its key
features? Also analyze how the adoption of this model can help in completion of stalled projects?

Q9. “The solution to long term development needs of India lies in promoting public private partnership”.
Discuss
Q10. Swiss challenge model is an innovative PPP model, but there are challenges in the Indian context.
Comment.

**********

64
Set3

Q1. Explain and elaborate the backward and forward linkages of food processing industry in promoting rural
development

.
Q2. What is Pink Revolution? Critically analyse how political developments of recent years coupled
with steep infl ation in cattle feed prices have impacted the growth of sector.

Q3. Do you believe e-commerce in India threatens the livelihood of smaller retailers? Give reasons in
support of your argument.
 Q4. Tourism is the one of the major economic activity in many advanced nations, though India is catching up
in the sector, however, its potential is still untapped. Discuss why India’s tourism potential still largely
untapped?

Q5. What are the obstacles in Marketing and supply chain management in Industrial sector? How can e-
commerce help in overcoming such bottlenecks?

Q6. For equitable and sustainable local economic development and decentralised governance; ruralisation, an
alternative development paradigm can be adopted which entails creation of self-suffi cient villages and
urban republics with attached common pool resources”. Discuss.
Q7. It is argued that the strategy of inclusive growth is intended to meet the objective of inclusiveness and
sustainability together. Comment

Q8. The causes of poverty lie in the institutional and social factors that mark the life of the poor in India.
Elaborate.

Q9. What is the role of institutions in the economic growth of a country?

SET-4
MONEY-BANKING AND FINANCE
Q1. What is deficit financing? Why is it detrimental to the sustainability of government budget? Examine.

Q2. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) does not hesitate to use any conventional or unconventional policy
instruments to mitigate the adverse economic scenario. Comment
Q3. Payment banks are seen as tool for last mile connectivity along with increasing the fi nancial inclusion,
however, three entities out of eleven has backed out even after getting the licenses. Discuss the
factors which could be roadblock in development of payment banks.

Q4. What is decentralized currency and comment on its legality in India? Describe its impact on monetary policy
formulation and Central Bank’s working?

Q5. When an asset does shifts to the category of stressed asset and later NPA? Also explain the current
trend of NPAs in the banking sector of India and reasons responsible for it? What steps have been
taken by the government to lighten the burden of NPAs in the banking sector?
Q6. Highlight the signifi cance of microfi nance in Indian economy. Critically analyze the impact of
demonetization on microfi nance sector and fi nancial inclusion of poor.

Q7. Do you agree that reserve ratios should be removed to allow banks to deploy their funds more profi tably?
Give reasons.

Q8. What is the role of SEBI in regulating and managing the capital market? What are the provisions to save the
interest of small investors in India?
Q9. Fifty years after bank nationalisation, banking is still seen as an enterprise driven by social purpose and
political considerations and not depositors’ interests. Discuss.

Q10. What is the stipulated role of MUDRA bank; how it has addressed the issues of microfi nance industry and users
in India?

98

Set4 money banking and finance

Q1. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the government give the impression that they are not on the same
page even as far as an understanding of their roles is concerned. Examine
Q2. Write a note on the offi cial criteria regarding the term ‘wilful defaulter’ and discuss the regulatory
norms which apply on such individual/entities?

Q3. What is the difference between money laundering and black money? Discuss how far the prevention
of money laundering act, 2002 is successful in curbing the money laundering activities in India.

Q4. What do you understand by money laundering? Discuss measures taken against money laundering in
India with reference to FATF’s recommendations in this regard.
 Q5. What is the difference between Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Consumer Price Index (CPI)? What are
the main reasons behind negative or lower WPI in India in recent past? Discuss the rationale behind
replacement of WPI with CPI as the reference rate of infl ation?

Q6. What are social stock exchanges? Discuss its need and potential in India.

Q7. Discuss the major instruments of fi scal policy? Elaborate on how tax rates can be utilized for
encouraging/discouraging investment or demand in the economy?
Q8. Explain the reasons that led to the rise in NPAs in recent years. What is being done to address the
problem of growing NPAs?

Q9. What is the difference between fi scal defi cit and primary defi cit? Why fi scal defi cit is acceptable, but
not the primary defi cit?

Q10. Explain the monetary policy process in India. Also, highlight the functions of monetary policy
committee of India.
 SET-5: QUESTION
ECONOMIC SECTORS

Q1. India is the world’s largest milk producer, and it also forms an integral part of Indian diets, but quality
in dairy industry remains a concern. Discuss. What measures do you suggest for quality control?

Q2. Discuss the features of Indian economy that make it so heavily dependent on service sector.

Q3. Services are being more urbanized than manufacturing sector raises immense possibilities of their being
a growth driver that can promote inclusive growth in India. Critically examine.
Q4. Highlight the reasons for the importance attached to the MSME sector. In this context, enumerating
the government schemes to promote this sector and explain the role that the MSME sector can play
in the success of the Aatma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan.

Q5. Enhancing the competitiveness of the textile sector can create employment as well as promote inclusive
growth. Highlight the potential of this industry and the challenges that lie in achieving it. What steps
have been taken in this regard?

Q6. Coal sector in India is witnessing consecutive year-on-year losses since the past few years. Discuss the
problems plaguing the sector and suggest comprehensive reforms for its growth and development.
Q7. India’s vision for export driven growth has been seriously hurt owing to its own structural problems
and present-day global challenges. Elaborate. Suggest long term structural steps to ameliorate
export sector.

Q8. The Food processing industry is a sunrise sector and is vital to India’s development. The sector is one of
the largest in terms of production, consumption, export and growth prospects. How far has the
government been able to push positive growth in the sector? What challenges does climate change
presents to this industry?

Q9. The handloom industry in India is not just an economic activity, but exhibits a national identity,
however this sector is ailing. What are the reasons behind it? Mention steps taken by the
government to give impetus to the sector along with other remedial steps.

132
 SET-6: QUESTION
AGRICULTURE
Q1. Discuss the major factors contributing to low productivity in Indian agriculture. Analyze the government
efforts in post-liberalization era to address these concerns?

Q2. Severe distress in the Agriculture sector is still a cause of concern; despite of farm productivity rising in
the country. Critically examine How grave is the situation and Discuss it with respect to small and
marginal farmers.

Q3. What are the spatial differences in availability and type of irrigation in India? How can India optimize
the utilization of its irrigation potential? Discuss the main features of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai
Yojana (PMKSY)
Q4. The problem of farmers’ suicide in India is deeply embedded in the credit structure of rural India than
a singular crop failure. Elucidate

Q5. Under PMFBY crop insurance scheme sees steep decline. Examine

Q6. Discuss all the defects of the procurement policy.

Q8. Government launched Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) to reduce the vulnerability of
farmers from natural calamities and ensure sustainable farm income. While highlighting it major
provisions, also discuss the performance and challenges it is facing while implementation

Q9. Elaborate on the necessary scientifi c and infrastructure advancement needed in country to reach a
stage where, Monsoon can be good or bad, but agricultural output needn’t be? What role
biotechnology can play into it?
Q10. The need for diversifi cation of agriculture arises from the fact that there is greater risk in depending
exclusively on farming for livelihood in India. Elaborate.
154

SET-6.1: QUESTION
AGRICULTURE
Q1. India doesn’t need second green revolution, but an evergreen revolution. Analyze this statement of Dr.
Swaminathan; also, examine the market distortion in above context?

Q2. Accessibility to raw materials is the fi rst upstream requirement for food processing industry. What role
Contract Farming can play in improving the supply and quality of raw materials? Is it feasible
according to Indian agriculture scenario?
Q3. Illustrate the meaning of merit and non-merit subsidies with respect to Indian Agriculture? Critically
analyze why the non-merit subsidies must be phased out slowly?

Q4. The MSP in India is not decided by technocrats and policy-makers, but by politicians with an attempt
to appease the farmer community. Analyze the impacts of this policy?

Q5. Given the geography and climate of India, which regions are most suited for the establishment and
growth of food processing industry in India, considering the upstream requirements? What are the
problems in establishing industry in those regions?
Q6. What are the objectives of buffer stock policy? Has the policy been effective in infl ation control and
uninterrupted supply of food grains to the people of the country?

Q7. The high level of subsidies provided to agriculture sector and various welfare programmes by the Indian
government is a big leakage from the government exchequer that impairs the abilities of the
government for fi scal consolidation on the one hand and create productive assets and infrastructure
on the other. Examine

Q8. What do you understand by organic farming? Is organic farming good for the environment? Why is it
said that the future lies in organic farming? Also enumerate the steps taken by the government to
promote organic farming
Q9. Though the fertilizer subsidy is the second highest after food subsidy but only one-third of it reaches
the small farmers. What are the issues with the present model of Fertilizer subsidy? Suggest some
of the Reforms needed to address the issue.

174

SET-6.2: QUESTION
AGRICULTURE
Q1. Solarisation of agricultural pump sets appears to be viable option to achieve the dual national targets
of 100GW of solar and doubling farmers’ income by 2022. Critically examine the issue and mention
the recommendations of Ashok Dalwai committee.

Q2. Is the time ripe for initiating DBT for all schemes, enumerate various challenges in enabling DBT in farm
sector? Critically examine the concepts of DBT in fertilizers.
Q3. Due to lack of implementation of MSP mechanism, alternatives like Price Defi ciency Payments, Input
cash subsidies came to the fore front. Critically examine various such alternatives.

Q4. Rural distress has induced increased government spending on agriculture and the related sectors.
Discuss the challenge concerning fi scal consolidation due to this development and also analyze its
fi nal impact on economy?

Q5. Food management in India is equally important as food production”. Explain the various issues
involved in food management
Q6. Power subsidy is inherently against incentivizing even a conscientious farmer to conserve the two
precious resources of electricity and ground water. Critically analyse. Do you think Direct Benefi t
Transfer can be the solution?

Q7. The composition of Indian Agriculture is not balanced and skewed towards food grains. Elaborate.
What are the strategies adopted by the government to bring a balance to this composition?

Q8. Defi ne food security. What are the major areas of concern in attaining sustained growth and
development of the agricultural sector in India?
Q9. Comment on the occupational structure of India. Discuss why the movement out of agriculture is so
low.

Q10. The key objective of sugarcane pricing policy should be a fair price to cane growers, adequate returns
to industry and supply of sugar to consumers at reasonable prices. Critically examine the India’s
sugarcane pricing policy in this regard.

192
S7 infrastr

Q1. Infrastructure development creates productivity increase along with inclusive growth. Discuss

Q2. What is Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) and what are its objectives? Evaluate its role in
rural development.

Q3. Write a critical note on the National Infrastructure Investment Fund (NIIF) and its model of investment.
Q4. In order to attract more investment in the Hydrocarbon sector, the government has changed the policy.
Explain the differences between the new and previous one. How it is going to affect the sector.
Discuss.

Q5. Logistic sector has been one of the least integrated sector in India, however having infrastructure status
would fuel the growth trajectory of this sector, Discuss Q6. Give a roadmap for improving the health of
Indian Railway.
Q7. Why PPP has not been successful in case of development of railway infrastructure, while the same model did
well for highways? Analyze with suitable examples

Q8. What are Dry Ports? Discuss their signifi cance and issues associated with them in India.

Q9. High logistic cost is one of the major reasons for uncompetitive Indian goods. In this reference, discuss
the signifi cance of having multimodal logistic approach in India. What are the challenges in present
logistics sector? Also discuss some of the major trans-boundary multimodal projects of India

213
Q10. Identify major regions that lack regular access to air travel? Examine the reason behind the lack of
Greenfi eld air development in India, despite a lot of demand and need

7.1

Q1. India has fi rmed up the contours of its ambitious multi-modal programme to reduce logistics costs and
make the economy competitive. In context of the above statement discuss the signifi cance of multi-
modal transport and challenges involved in the process.

Q2. Public investment, especially in the railways, can play an important role to revive growth and promote
Make in India. Discuss.
Q3. The Indian telecommunications sector can be considered one that has taken the country into the 21st
century however, sector’s rising debt and falling revenues is suggesting a telecom crisis which is
hurting all stakeholders and can be a drag on growth. Analyze

Q4. Renewable energy has the potential to create a large industrial base in India apart from reducing the
huge energy import bill? Critically analyse the current developments in this sector?
Q5. Indian power sector not only suffers from low production, but also poor capacity addition? Analyze the major
reasons behind this bottleneck and discuss how suggested reforms by Deepak Parikh committee address this concern.

Q6. Discuss on the need of setting up a national power distribution company to support and guide the state discoms
in electricity distribution activities. Also highlight benefi ts and challenges associated with it.

Q7. Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India have not been as successful as their counterparts in many other
countries. Analyse. In this context, suggest some measures to revive SEZs in India.

231
Q8. There is an urgent need for India to get infrastructure fi nancing, however, the investment model of
PPPs is poorly designed and needs restructuring. In this context, highlight the various problems that
can arise in a PPP contract and list the measures that can be taken to minimise them.

Q9. The value of ports for Indian economy is well recognized. Discuss the issues that have constrained the
growth of port infrastructure in the country and also, suggest some ways to overcome them.
Q10. In context of the critical public service role played by the railways, it is diffi cult to argue that its
problems will be solved by privatisation, rather there is a need to work on other options. Discuss.

232
WORKBOOK | GS MAINS PAPER - 3 www.iasscore.in
SET-8:
QUESTION BUDGETING & TAXATION GOVERNMEN

Q1. Compare various sources of budgetary revenue including taxes, market borrowing, public debt and
external debt? What are the advantages and disadvantages of cess as a source of public revenue?

Q2. What is zero base budget? What are its advantages and disadvantages? Has India adopted elements of zero base
budgeting in its budgetary practices?

Q3. What do you mean by tax expenditure? From macroeconomic perspective, what are the costs and benefi ts
of tax expenditure?
Q4. What is Laffer curve? Discuss its importance in tax policy and planning. Also, analyze how India has
under took reforms to make its tax structure compatible with Laffer curve analysis?

Q5. Taxation is not just about fi nancing expenditure; it is economic glue that binds citizens to the state in
a two-way accountability relationship. Analyze in the context of India’s fi scal capacity and fi scal
discipline.

Q6. The implementation of post independent India’s biggest tax reform i.e. the Goods and Services Tax
(GST) has completed three years. What are your views on the impact of GST on India’s industrial
growth?

252
Q7. What is tax terrorism and why this term has been used, while referring to Indian taxation practices. Examine.

Q8. What is the difference between indirect tax receipts and direct tax receipts? Illustrate major sources
for both in India? Also, provide data on their contribution to overall revenue?

Q9. What is the difference between revenue receipts and capital receipts of the government? Which source
is considered better, give reasons in support of your answer?
Q10. How tax expenditures affect the revenues of the government? Compare them with subsidies in terms of
effectiveness?

Set 10 international eco

Q1. China is accused of indulging in beggar-thy-neighbour policy. Explain the term and examine its
consequences on rest of world.

Q2. What is the difference between depreciation and devaluation of a currency? Analyze how it benefi ts a
country’s trade balance?
Q3. Globalization is a process of rapid integration or interconnection between countries. In the light of this
statement, discuss the factors that have enabled globalization.

Q4. Elaborate on the pros and cons of the FDI in retail, in the context of increasing threats to the small retail
sector from e-commerce?

Q5. Trace the evolution of FDI in defence sector of India and also analyse the Implications of FDI in Defence
on Self-Reliance and Indigenisation.
Q6. What are the major determinants of FDI? Discuss the recent trends of FDI infl ow in India? Why has
India become one of the major destinations of global FDI? Critically examine the structure and
direction of FDI in India?

Q7. “Policymakers around the world are grappling with widening regional inequalities and are being
confronted with the need for ‘place-based’ economic policy interventions.” Elaborate.

Q8. The role of international trade in achieving a quicker pace of economic development is well recognized.
What are the benefi ts of international trade for a developing country like India? Highlight the
challenges that India faces in improving its share in world trade.

271
Q9. As per Multidimensional Poverty Index, India has done well in reduction of poverty in nation in last few
years. Mention the policy steps taken by India which led to such achievements and what still needs
to be done.

Q10. IMF faces legitimacy crisis, if it cannot solve the grievances of the developing countries regarding
unequal representation and lack of leadership role. Critically analyze the relevance and roles of IMF
as a global fi nancial institution.
 2020
Question: 1. Explain intra-generational and inter-generational issues of equity from the perspective
of inclusive growth and sustainable development.

Question: 2. Defi ne potential GDP and its determinants. What are the factors that have been
inhibiting India from realizing its potential GDP?

Question: 3. What are the main constraints in the transport and marketing of agricultural produce in
India?

291
Question: 4. What are the challenges and opportunities of the food processing sector in the country?
How can the income of the farmers be substantially increased by encouraging food
processing?

Question: 5. Explain the meaning of investment in an economy in terms of capital formation. Discuss
the factors to be considered while designing a concession agreement between a public
entity and a private entity.

Question: 6. Explain the rationale behind the Goods and Services Tax (Compensation to states) act of
2017. How has COVID-19 impacted the GST compensation fund and created new federal
tensions?
 Question: 7. What are the major factors responsible for making rice-wheat system a success? In spite
of this success how has this system become bane in India?

2019
Question: 1. How far is Integrated Farming System (IFS) helpful in sustaining agricultural production?

Question: 2. The public expenditure management is a challenge to the Government of India in context
of budget making during the post liberalization period. Clarify it.

Question: 3. What are the reformative steps taken by the Government to make food grain distribution
system more effective?
Question: 4.
Elaborate the policy taken by the Government of India to meet the challenges of the food
processing sector.
Question: 5.
Do you agree with the view that steady GDP growth and low infl ation have left the
Indian economy in good shape? Give reasons in support of your arguments?
 2018
Question: 1. Comment on the important changes introduced in respect of the Long term Capital Gains
Tax (LCGT) and Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT) in the Union Budget for 2018-2019.

Question: 2.
What do you mean by Minimum Support Price (MSP)? How will MSP rescue the farmers
from the low income trap?
Question: 3.
Examine the role of supermarkets in supply chain management of fruits, vegetables and
food items. How do they eliminate number of intermediaries?

Question: 4.
‘One Belt One Road’ initiative. Give a brief description of CPEC and enumerate the
reasons why India has distanced itself from the same.
Question: 5.
How are the principles followed by NITI Aayog different from those followed by the
erstwhile planning commission in India?
Question: 6.
How would the recent phenomena of protectionism and currency manipulations in world
trade affect macroeconomic stability of India?
Question: 7.
Assess the role of National Horticulture Mission (NHM) in boosting the production,
productivity and income of horticulture farms. How far has it succeeded in increasing
the income of farmers?
Question: 8.
How has the emphasis on certain crops brought about changes in cropping patterns in
recent past? Elaborate the emphasis on millets production and consumption.
2017
Question: 1. Among several factors for India’s potential growth, saving rate is the most effective one. Do
you agree? What are the other factors available for growth potential?

292
www.iasscore.in INDIAN ECONOMY

Question: 2.
Account for the failure of manufacturing sector in achieving the goal of labour-intensive
exports. Suggest measures for more labour-intensive rather than capital-intensive
exports.
Question: 3.
Examine the development of Airports in India through joint ventures under Public-
Private Partnership (PPP) model. What are the challenges faced by the authorities in this
regard?
Question: 4.
Explain various types of revolutions, took place in Agriculture after independence in
India. How these revolutions have helped in poverty alleviation and food security in
India?
Question: 5.
What are the reasons for poor acceptance of cost-effective small processing unit? How
the food processing unit will be helpful to uplift the socio-economic status of poor
farmers?
Question: 6.
“Industrial growth rate has lagged-behind in the overall growth of GrossDomestic-
Product (GDP) in the post-reform period.” Give reasons. How far the recent changes in
Industrial-Policy are capable of increasing the industrial growth rate?

Question: 7.
What are the salient features of ‘Inclusive growth’? Has India been experiencing such a
growth process? Analyse and suggest measures for inclusive growth?
Question: 8. **********

Question: 9.

293