PRONUNCIATION
Stress on three-syllable words (Trọng âm của từ có hai âm tiết.
Đối với các từ có âm tiết thứ 2, 3 chứa Trọng âm sẽ rơi vào âm tiết thứ 1
nguyên âm đơn ngắn là: /ɪ/, /ə/
family /’fæməlɪ/
memory /'memərɪ/
salary /‘sælərɪ/
Đối với các từ có âm tiết thứ 2 chứa nguyên Trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết ngay phía
âm đôi hoặc dài và âm tiết thứ 3 là: -ian, -ic, - trước chúng (âm tiết thứ 2)
ience, -ient, -ial, -ual, -al, -eous, -ion, -iar physician /fɪ'zɪʃən/
convenient /kən'vi:niənt/
Đối với các từ có âm tiết thứ 3 là: -ee, beer, - Trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết chứa các
ese, -ier, -ette, -oo, -esque đuôi này (âm tiết thứ 3)
volunteer /vɒlən'tiər/
referee /,refə'ri:/
EXERCISE
A. PHONETICS
I. Put the words in the table in the correct column according to their stress pattern.
expensive energy atmosphere illegal imagine
illegal celebrate available festival consumption
electric performance performer generate effective
imagine convenient exhausted comfortable library
improvement relative fortunate
Stress on 1st syllable Stress 2nd syllable
II. Supply the stress pattern for the following words.
Example: expensive oOo
1. countryside 9. convenient
2. enormous 10. negative
3. solar 11. forever
4. renewable 12. hydro
5. available 13. effective
6. abundant 14. exhaustible
7. another 15. nuclear
8. harmful 16. alternative
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Fill in the blank and write the name of the type of energy under each picture.
1. _________________ energy is a form of energy from the sun, which won’t ever run out.
2. Petroleum, or crude _________________ is a fossil fuel and non-renewable source of energy.
3. _________________ power is a type of energy that comes from the force of moving water.
4. Driven by the _________________, the movement of a wind turbine produces electricity.
5. _________________ or fossil gas that we use to cook, comes from deep under the Earth.
6. _________________ is a flammable black hard rock used as a solid fossil fuel.
A. B. C.
D. E. F.
II. Check the word that goes with each of the verbs provided.
carbon dioxide energy forever new glass
a hydro power station a car our houses
pollution machinery electricity natural resources
0. save energy
1. power
2. build
3. generate
4. heat
5. use up
6. cause
7. drive
8. last
9. install
10. release
III. Fill in each blank in the sentences with one word.
fossil released alternative overheat energy
available wind recycle possible hydro energy
1. People use ______________ to run machines, heat and cool their homes.
2. We need to save our natural resources by searching for ______________ fuels.
3. ______________ fuel’s will be exhausted within a relatively short time.
4. The sun ______________ large amounts of energy every day.
5. The wind energy is cheap and readily ______________. There are often strong winds during
summer in our region.
6. If the fan doesn’t work, the engine could ______________.
7. We ______________ all our cans and bottles.
8. The farm ______________ will provide enough energy for 100,000 homes.
9. We would like people use more renewable energy sources instead of ______________.
10. We should use less gas, but increase the use of ______________ and nuclear energy.
IV. Choose the correct words.
1. He seems not to run up/ run away/ run out of energy, so he can work for hours without
stopping.
2. Strawberries are plentiful/ limited/ renewable and cheap in summer.
3. Our harmful/ available/ nuclear natural resources will run out soon.
4. Using green sources of energy can make the air cheap/ unlimited/ clean.
5. Solar energy seems to be limited/ unlimited/ harmful - we can rely on it for a very long time.
6. The air becomes worse because of polluted/ polluting/ pollution gases from that factory.
7. We should rely much more on limited/ expensive/ alternative sources of energy.
8. The river provides a limited/ plentiful/ polluting supply of clean water to nearby villages -
they don't worry about water supply any more.
9. The problem with fossil fuels is that they are not non-renewable/ renewable/ dangerous.
10. The public has more concerns about water/ nuclear/ solar energy because of waste.
V. Write sentences about what Henry is doing at the times given. Use the prompts in his
daily routine, and the present continuous.
6.00 get up 7.00-8.30 have English lessons
6.15 shower 8.30-9.00 have a break
6.30 breakfast 9.00-10.30 have Art lessons
6.45 go to school 11.30-12.00 have lunch
1. 6.05: He is getting up.
2. 6.20:
3. 6.35:
4. 6.48:
5. 7.10:
6. 8.40:
7. 9.10:
8. 11.45:
VI. Complete the sentences using the present continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
1. ______________ (you I watch) TV? Can I turn it off?
2. Paul ______________ (not write)an essay about global warming at the moment.
3. Look! They ______________ (launch) a new spacecraft.
4. What courses ______________ (Jane/ take) this semester?
5. She ______________ (not/ do) her homework now. She ______________ (look after) her
baby sister.
6. Laura ______________ (write) an email to her cousin.
7. My friends ______________ (chat) on the Internet.
8. I ______________ (not do) my homework on the computer.
9. Peter and Paul ______________ (swim) at the moment.
10. They ______________ (not use) that English dictionary.
VII. Fill in the blanks with available words in the box.
write an email play basketball go to bed swim
make dinner watch a film do an exam study Japanese
1. My sister is at college.
2. Tom is in his bedroom.
3. Kate is in the kitchen.
4. Nan is in the classroom.
5. Sam and David are at the cinema.
6. Laura is at the computer.
7. Nam and Quan are at the sports center.
8. The dog is in the river.
VIII. Put the verbs in the brackets into the present continuous or the present simple.
1. What ______________ (you / do) to save energy these days?
2. The activists ______________ (do) to drive a green energy revolution at present
3. Lots of students ______________ (study) energy sectors in the United States now.
4. Some schools ______________ (produce) renewable electricity on their own campuses.
5. The Sun ______________ (be) the main source of energy on Earth.
6. How many types of energy ______________ (humans, use) at present?
7. My father ______________ (replace) the old bulbs in my room at the moment.
8. It ______________ (take)billions of lifetimes for new fossil fuels to form.
9. At the current time, many families ______________ (look) for ways to use less energy.
10. We ______________ (discuss) about the advantages of some energy sources now.
IX. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of a suitable verb.
put install use show reduce
keep pay check take spend
1. Last year, we ______________ a lot of money on heating because it was very cold.
2. The electrician ______________ low energy light bulbs in the classrooms at the moment.
3. Our teacher ______________ a video on types of renewable energy sources yesterday.
4. ______________ the plumber ______________ cracks in the pipes in the bathroom now?
5. ______________ your father ______________ the electricity bill last week?
6. What will you do ______________ carbon footprint?
7. We will walk to school ______________ fit and protect the environment.
8. My uncle ______________ new glass in the windows to stop heat escaping tomorrow.
9. We ______________ a test on sources of energy at present.
10. People in developing countries ______________ energy from the Sun, the wind, and the
water these days.
X. Write true sentences about what is happening now. Use the present continuous:
affirmative or negative.
1. I/wear a school uniform
_______________________________________
2. I/sit next to a boy
_______________________________________
3. The teacher / wear a uniform
_______________________________________
4. We/study/Maths
_______________________________________
5. The Sun/shine
_______________________________________
6. I/wear/trainers
_______________________________________
7. My parents/work
_______________________________________
8. My classmates and I/have lunch
_______________________________________
XI. Write the verbs in the e-mail in the correct form.
From: Susan
To: Peter
Hi Peters
Thanks for your message. What (1) ____________ (you/ do) at the moment? (2) _____________
(you/ surf) the Net? We’re all have a lazy day here. Mum and Dad (3) ____________ (have) a
barbecue with some friends. Tom (4) ____________ (skateboard). My cousins (5)
____________ (play) badminton, well, not Daisy. She (6) ____________ (not play) badminton.
She (7) ____________ (sit) on the grass with her friends Kate and Lana. They (8) ____________
(not do) anything special. What (9) ____________ (I/do) in the house? I (10) ____________
(make) tea and coffee for everyone. I must go!
Everyone is waiting for me! Bye!
See you later,
Susan
XII. Find and correct the mistakes.
1. Is Alice watch TV in the living room now?
2. We are discuss about saving natural resources at the moment.
3. What you doing in the school library?
4. They aren't have dinner now.
5. Where they are having dinner at the moment?
6. The earth is running out fossil fuels.
7. Do they mending the roof right now?
8. Your grandmother is knitting a woolen hat now?
XIII. Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of each type of energy sources in the
table, following the model.
A: What type of energy is?
B: It is a renewable/ non-renewable source of energy because.
A: What are its advantages and disadvantages?
B:
Sources of energy Type of energy Advantages or disadvantages
- Plentiful
- clean and safe to the environment
Solar energy renewable
- solar panels on the roofs of houses can create
enough energy for a home
- the wind is abundant
Wind energy renewable
- if the wind does not blow, there is no wind energy
- supply power for most machinery
Petroleum Non-renewable
- limited, and polluted to the environment
- unlimited: nuclear energy can provide enough
electricity for the world's needs for hundreds of
Nuclear energy Non-renewable
years
- it can be very dangerous
C. READING COMPREHENSION
I. Read the following passage, and then tick the correct answers. True (T), or False (F).
Energy is very important in modern life. People use energy to run 96 machines, heat and cool
their homes, cook, give light, transport people and — products from place to place. Most energy
nowadays comes from fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas. However, burning
fossil fuels causes pollution. In addition, if we don't find new kinds of energy, we will use up all
the fossil fuels in the 21st century. Scientists are working to find other kinds of energy for the
future. What might these sources of energy be?
True False
1. Energy has a great importance in modern life.
2. Energy is used to produce a lot of electrical things.
3. Burning fossil fuels causes pollution.
4. Fossil fuels are limited.
5. Everyone tries their best to find other kinds of energy for the future.
II. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers.
The natural environment includes all natural resources that are necessary for life: the air, the
oceans, the Sun and the land. Because they are vital for life, these resources must be protected
from pollution and conserved. Ecologists study their importance and how to use them carefully.
According to ecologists, resources are divided into two groups: renewable and non-renewable.
When a resource is used, it takes some time to replace it. If the resource can be replaced quickly
and easily, it is called renewable. If it cannot be replaced quickly and easily, it is called non-
renewable. For example, grass for animals is a renewable resource. When cows eat the grass, the
resources is used. If the soil is fertilized and protected, more grass will grow. Coal, however, is
non-renewable because it takes millions of years to make coal. All fossil fuels are nonrenewable
resources.
1. The natural environment consists of ____________________.
A. the air and the land B. the oceans and the Sun
C. the Sun and the land D. all natural resources
2. According to ecologists, there are ____________________ resource groups.
A. two B. three C. four D. five
3. If the resource can be ____________________, it is called renewable.
A. burnt quickly B. replaced quickly C. divided properly D. used quickly
4. Grass for animals is a ____________________ resource.
A. limited B. non-renewable C. renewable D. clean
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5. According to the passage, coal is non-renewable because it takes ____________________ to
make coal.
A. hundreds of years B. thousands of years
C. millions of years. D. billions of years
III. Fill in each blank with a word from the box.
wasting costs than by
environment or energy replaced
Energy is there whenever we need it, so it's easy to forget where it comes from, or how much it
(1) _____________. You’ve probably heard the adults in your house say "Turn off the light!" (2)
_____________ "Close the refrigerator door!” Have you ever wondered why?
Every year, we use more energy (3) _____________ we did the year before. All of that energy
adds up, and much of it is wasted (4) _____________ using too much or not using it wisely.
Energy isn't free. The adults in your house pay for all the electricity you use. So (5)
_____________energy is the same as wasting money - and we know that's not a good idea!
Wasting energy isn't good for the (6) _____________ either. Many of the energy sources we
depend on, like coal and natural gas, can't be (7) _____________ - once we use them up, they’re
gone forever. Another problem is that most forms of energy can cause pollution.
It might seem like kids can't do much to help. But every time you turn off a light bulb or close
the refrigerator door, you’re saving (8) _____________.
IV. Read the following passage and choose the best option for each blank.
Although the world's energy resources have (1) _____________ many millions of years to
produce, we are quickly beginning to (2) _____________ these supplies. Recently a UN
committee reported that the world’s oil and gas supplies (3) _____________ last about 100 years
if they were (4) _____________ carefully. The report stated that (5) _____________ would be
enough oil and gas (6) _____________ a century only if the present (7) _____________ could be
controlled. If the demand continued to grow, the report said that fuel supplies would (8)
_____________ for less than forty years. (9) _____________ to the report, governments must
now take steps to control the amounts of fossil fuel (10) _____________ are used.
1. A. taken B. spent C. used D. got
2. A. end B. exhaust C. finish D. destroy
3. A. Will B. Would C. can D. should
4. A. use B. using C. used D. usage
5. A. it B. this C. they D. there
6. A.in B. for C. since D. at
7. A. Want B. ask C. require D. demand
8. A. last B. lengthen C. grow D. widen
9. A. In addition B. Together C. According D. Follow
10. A. it. B. which C. who D. where
D. WRITING
I. Write sentences about what the people are doing or not doing, using the prompts below.
1. We/ install/ solar panels/ sunny areas
_____________________________________________________________________________
____
2. That solar power plant/ not supply/ our community/ enough energy/ present
_____________________________________________________________________________
____
3. Some people / not save/ energy/ future generations
_____________________________________________________________________________
____
4. People/ build/ many onshore wind farms/ the Mekong Delta
_____________________________________________________________________________
____
5. Scientists/ design/ a new project/ help/ reduce/ greenhouse gases
_____________________________________________________________________________
____
6. People/ choose/ locations/ plenty of wind/ build wind farms/ our region
_____________________________________________________________________________
____
7. The government / actively / support / the projects / develop / renewable energy
_____________________________________________________________________________
____
8. People / use / more renewable energy / protect the environment
______________________________________________________________________________
___
II. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one.
1. My sister is interested in riding an electric motorbike to school.
My sister likes
2. Although Eric is a child, he knows how to use water efficiently.
Eric is
3. There is a diverse energy fuel resource of various types in Viet Nam.
Viet Nam
4. It's good if children do something to save energy at home.
Children should
5. They will probably buy devices that run on electricity.
They might
6. Hydropower is larger than any other renewable energy source for electricity.
Hydropower is
7. It is necessary for US to reduce the fossil fuel consumption to save the environment.
We must
8. In the past people didn't use as much renewable energy as they do now.
Now people use
