Haryana GK

Last Updated: May 2024

Haryana was carved out of Punjab on 1st November 1966, as the 17th Indian state.
Haryana is located in the northwest India between 27 degree 37' N to 30 degree 35' N latitude and
between 74 degree 28' E to 77 degree 36' E longitude and with an altitude between 700-3600 ft
above sea level.
The capital of Haryana, Chandigarh, is shared by its neighboring state of Punjab, designed by Swiss
born French architect, Le Corbusier.
At 44,212 sq km, Haryana covers 1.34% of India's geographical area.
In 2016- 17, Haryana reported a per capita income of 1,80,174 per annum as compared to the
national average of 1,03,818.
Haryana has 6 administrative divisions - Ambala, Rohtak, Gurgaon, Hisar, Karnal and Faridabad.
22 districts

72 sub-divisions
93 revenue tehsils
50 sub-tehsils
140 community development blocks
154 cities and towns
7356* villages and 6212 villages panchayats.
Capital: Chandigarh
Governor: Shri Bandaru Dattatraya
Chief Minister: Sh. Manohar Lal Khattar
Chief Secretary: Sh. Sanjeev Kaushal
Haryana Legislative Assembly Speaker : Shri Gian Chand Gupta
Vidhan Sabha seats: 90
Lok Sabha seats: 10
Rajya Sabha seats: 05
High Court : Punjab and Haryana High court (Chandigarh)
Chief Justice : Justice Gurmeet Singh Sandhawalia
State Animal: Black Buck
State Bird: Black Francolin
State Tree: Peepal
State Flower: Lotus
First Governor : Sh. Dharma Vira
 First Chief Minister: Sh. Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma
Highest Rainfall (District): Yamunanagar
Maximum Irrigated District: Sirsa
Minimum Irrigated District: Panchkula (Forest Report,2021)
Maximum Area under forest cover: Panchkula (Forest Report,2021)
Minimum Area under forest cover: Palwal

*According to Census 2011, Haryana has 6841 Villages.

State Symbol

State Emblem: Circular shield depicting a lotus blossom emerging out of water in front of a rising
sun. The shield is supported by ears of wheat and lion. The capital of Ashoka forms the chest. The
words ‘Satyameva Jayate’ in Devanagari script are written on the emblem, which means “Truth
Alone Triumphs”.
State Animal: Black Buck (Antelope Cervicapra)
State Bird: Black Francolin (Francolinus)
State Tree: Peepal (Ficus religiosa)
State Flower: Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)

Population and Population density, Area, Literacy

Description 2011 2001
Approximate Population 2.53 Crores 2.11 Crore
Actual Population 25,351,462 21,144,564
Male 13,494,734 11,363,953
Female 11,856,728 9,780,611
Population Growth 19.90% 28.06%
Percentage of total 2.09% 2.06%
Population
Urban Population Percentage 34.79% 28.92%
Rural Population Percentage 65.21% 71.08%
Sex Ratio 879 861
Child Sex Ratio 834 819
Density/km2 573 478
Density/mi2 1,485 1,239
Area(Km2) 44,212 44,212
Area mi2 17,070 17,070
Total Child Population (0-6 3,380,721 3,335,537
Age)
Male Population (0-6 Age) 1,843,109 1,833,655
Female Population (0-6 Age) 1,537,612 1,501,882
Literacy 75.55% 67.91%
Male Literacy 84.06% 78.49%
Female Literacy 65.94% 55.73%
Total Literate 16,598,988 12,093,677
Male Literate 9,794,067 7,480,209
Female Literate 6,804,921 4,613,468

History of Haryana
 Ancient
The earliest reference to Haryana found in Chahamana Inscription describing Arnoraja as
carrying arms into Haritanaka that is Haryana. The territorial designation Hariala
mentioned in the Skandapurana also stands for the same region.
Excavations of various archeological sites in Haryana, like Naurangabad and Mitathal in
Bhiwani, Kunal in Fatehabad, Agroha and Rakhigarhi in Hisar, Sites in Rukhi (Rohtak) and
Banawali in Sirsa have evidence of pre-Harappan and Harappan culture.
Haryana is the region where, along the banks of the River Saraswati, the Vedic Civilization
began and matured.
It was here that the Vedas were written, as the Aryans chanted their sacred Mantras.
Replete with myths and legends, Haryana's 5000 year old history is steeped in glory.
B.B. Lal was the first to bring to light archaeological evidence for the pre-Buddha history of
the region with his discovery of the Painted Grey Ware at Kurukshetra, Pehowa, Amin,
Panipat, etc. He has associated this pottery with the Aryans of the Mahabharata period.
These places are mentioned in the Mahabharata as Prithudaka (Pehowa), Tilprastha
(Tilput), Panprastha (Panipat) and Sonprastha (Sonipat).
It was here that Lord Krishna preached Bhagavad-Gita at the start of the battle of
Mahabharat and Ved Vyas wrote Mahabharata in Sanskrit.
Before the Mahabharat war, a battle of ten kings took place in the Kurukshetra region in
the Saraswati valley. But it was the Mahabharat War, approximately in 900 BC, which gave
the region worldwide fame.
Haryana has been the scene of many wars because of it being "The Gateway of North
India". As years rolled by, successive streams of Huns, Turks and the Afghans invaded India
and decisive battles were fought on this land.
After the downfall of the Gupta empire in the middle of 6th century AD north India was
again split into several kingdoms. The Huns established their supremacy over the Punjab. It
was after this period that one of the greatest King of ancient India, Harshvardhan began his
rule. He became the King of Thanesar (Kurukshetra) in 606 AD, and later went on to rule
the most of north India.

Present Name Ancient Name

Sirsa Sairishaka
Rohtak Rohitas
Fatehabad Ikdar
Sonipat Swarnprastha
Hisar Hisar-e-Firoza
Panipat Panduprastha
Mahendragarh Kanaud
Karnal Karntal
Rewari Rewawadi
Yamunanagar Abdulahpur
Mewat (Nuh) Satyevpuram
Kurukshetra Sthareswar (Thanesar)
Palwal Upbala, Apbala
Kaithal Kapisthala
Gurugram Gurgaon
Jind Jayantipur

Medieval
After Harsha death, the kingdom of his clansmen, the Pratiharas ruled over a vast region
for quite a while from Harsha's adopted capital of Kannauj.
The region was strategically important for the rulers of North India even though Thanesar
was no more as central as Kannauj.
Prithviraj Chauhan established forts in Haryana at Taraori and Hansi in the 12th century.
But Muhammad Ghori conquered these areas in the Second Battle of Tarain( 1192) after
defeating him.
After his death, the Delhi Sultanate was established, Which ruled much of India for several
centuries.
The earliest reference to 'Hariana' occurs in a Sanskrit inscription dated 1328 AD kept in
 Delhi Museum, which refers to this region as The heaven on earth, indicating that it was
fertile and relatively peaceful at that time.
Palam Baoli Inscription of the time of Balban (A.D. 1280) provides its variant name as
Hariyanaka.
Firoz Shah Tughlaq established a fort at Hisar in 1354 to further fortify the region, and also
constructed canals or rajwahas as they were referred to in the Indo-Persian history.
The three famous battles of Panipat took place near the modern town of Panipat.
The first battle took place on 21 April 1526, where Babur, the ruler of Kabul defeated
Ibrahim Lodi of the Delhi Sultanate, through the use of field artillery.
In the Second battle of Panipat (November 5, 1556), Akbar's forces defeated Hem Chandra
Vikramaditya also called Hemu, who belonged to Rewari in Haryana and who had won 22
battles during 1553-1556 before acceding to Delhi throne.
Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761, between the Afghan warlord Ahmad
Shah Abdali and the Marathas under Sadashivrao Bhau of Pune. Ahmad Shah won
decisively in this battle.
After the Third Battle of Panipat, the Marathas lost courage to go to their native place but
many of the families resided at various places in Haryana like Kaithal, Assaundh, Karnal,
Hansi, Bhiwani etc.
Suraj Mal was encouraged by the defeat of Marathas in the 3rd Battle of Panipat and sent
his son Jawahar Singh to attack Musavi Khan, the Mughal faujdar of Gurgaon and Rohtak.
Along with areas under Musavi Khan, Suraj Mal also conquered the territories of Pataudi,
Rewari and Bahadurgarh.
These incidents, on the other hand, alarmed Najibud-daula who attacked Suraj Mal and
killed him in a battle near the river Hinden on December 25, 1763. His death was a great
loss to the Jats in particular and Hindus in general.

Principalities Founder
Kaithal Yudhisthira
Thanesar Mith Singh
Ladwa Sahib Singh and Gurdit
Singh
Kunjpura Nijabat Khan

Modern
The period of instability in Haryana was ended by the establishment of the rule of East
India company in 1803. But the people of Haryana did not accept the new masters and
revolted against the Britishers irrespective of caste and religion.
The Sikh chiefs of Ambala, Karnal and Thanesar were the first to oppose the company rule.
The Muslim Bhatti Rajputs of the western Haryana organized under the leadership of Zabita
Khan of Sirsa and Rania and Khan Bahadur Khan of Fatehabad against Britishers.
In November, 1809 Col. Adams was sent with a big contingent to attacked Fatehabad, Sirsa
and Rania and emerged victorious in all the battles during expedition.
The Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848-49) was fought between the Sikh Empire and the British
East India Company and resulted in the Battle of Gujrat on 21 February 1849, at which the
British defeated the Sikhs. As a result of this, on 2 April 1849 they declared Punjab as a
new province of British India. This included most of Haryana, while the rest was ruled by
the princely states of Loharu, Nabha, Jind and Patiala.
The state of Thanesar was confiscated by Britishers in 1850 and most of Sikh chiefs
reduced to the position of ordinary Jagirdars. Then the British resorted to the methods of
annexation and consolidation.

Revolt of 1857

The Revolt of 1857 began on 10th May, 1857 in Meerut but it reached Ambala Cantt of Haryana on
13th May, 1857 and led a Sepoy Mutiny in Gurugram, where the Collector William Ford faced
opposition from the sepoys.

Rao Tula Ram in Ahirwal, Gaffur Ali and Harsukh Rai in Palwal, Dhanu Singh in Faridabad,
 Nahar Singh in Ballabhgarh etc. were the important leaders of revolt in Haryana.
Many battles were fought by the rulers of the states and by the farmers also, sometimes
defeating the British army. Some most important battles were fought at Sirsa, Sonipat,
Rohtak and Hissar. In Sirsa the famous battle of Chormar was fought.

Factors Responsible for Revolt of 1857 in Haryana

The time honoured institutions like the village communities and panchayats were abolished by the
British. Their destruction brought social instability and people felt insecure and unhappy.
Britishers broke the backbone of the farmers by imposing heavy revenues and cesses. The poor
farmers could not pay the revenue which their village headmen had agreed to pay under
compulsion, they had to visit jail four to five times in a matter of few years.
The mode of collection of land tax was extortionate as the assessment was oppressive which
greatly demoralized the people and shattered the peasant's economy. This oppressive policy
compelled many of the peasants to desert their lands and houses. They nursed a grudge against
the new masters, the British.
The judicial set-up was also repressive, arbitrary and expensive. There was no proper check on the
judges as bribery and corruption among the judges were prevalent.
The attack and interference in the religion (dharam) also caused some resentment.
Christian missionaries campaigns of conversion to Christianity were perturbed by hundreds of
Hindus and Muslims who condemned and criticised the attitude of the Government.
The British lapsed many estates like Rania, Kaithal, Chhachhrauli, Ladwa and Thanesar, under the
Doctrine of Lapse. This created insecurity and dissatisfaction among the chiefs.

Indian National Congress and National Movement

After 1857, the repressive policy of the British Government continued and no significant
development was made in the region. The political consciousness began during the last phase of
19th century with the establishment of Indian National Congress.
In the first session of All India Congress at Bombay in 1885, Haryana was represented by young
leaders of Ambala, Lala Murlidhar and Munshi Jawala Prashad. The Congress party activities were
boosted in the region after joining of Lala Lajpat Rai, who started his law practice in Hisar.
Like other provinces, the then Haryana witnessed a series of oppressive acts of Lord Curzon. Bal
Mukund Gupta, prominent Hindi writer of Haryana compared Curzon shahi with Nadir Shahi.
After the partition of Bengal, Swadeshi Movement gained momentum. The people were motivated
to take up the cause of Swadeshi in big towns of Haryana. A Swadeshi Company was established at
Ambala City under the aegis of Lala Murlidhar in which Beni Prasad and Lala Dwarka Das also took
part.
Lord Minto became the new Viceroy of India after Curzon who increased the economic hardships.
Some legislation like the Punjab Limitation Act, 1904; the Transfer of Property Act, 1904 and the
Punjab pre-emption Act, 1905 were passed to weaken the position of money-lenders. It generated
political discontent, especially among the Hindu commercial castes.
Lala Lajpat Rai and Sardar Ajit Singh were arrested at Lahore and deported without trial in the
middle of 1907 because of their opposition to these acts. On account of the arrest of Lala Lajpat
Rai, a revolutionary movement began in Haryana.

Morley- Minto reforms of 1909, allowed the for the election of a member of Punjab Legislative
Assembly through the Rohtak, Gurugram and Hisar.

Journalist Balmukund Gupta from Haryana opposed the Morley-Minto reforms through his articles
like Shiv Shambhu k Chitthe.

During the first World War in 1914, India being a part of the British empire was also dragged into
the war activities. The people of Haryana helped the Government by providing recruits and by
contributing money and material.
At the international level in those days, Ghaddar movement gained momentum. Kanshi Ram of
Ambala district was one of the architects of the Ghadar party in San Francisco with Lala Hardayal.
 As per historians view, Kanshi Ram was the first Haryanvi martyr in this phase of freedom
movement.
Pt. Neki Ram Sharma of Haryana, evinced keen interest in Home Rule Agitation. After his arrest in
July, 1918, during a public meeting at Birla Mandir Dharamshala in Delhi, the Home Rule Agitation
petered out in Haryana.
In 1917 the Congress Party Committee was established at Rohtak and Chaudhary Chhotu Ram and
Babu Shyam Lal were appointed as its president and secretary, respectively. In 1918 Congress
session of Delhi, Pt. Neki Ram Sharma and Chaudhary Peeru Singh and Lala Daulat Ram
participated in this session from Haryana.
On March 30, 1919, Mahatma Gandhi called for a hartal all over India. The whole of the Haryana
State responded to the call and hartals were observed in Karnal, Rewari, Hodal, Rohtak, Sonipat
etc.
The Punjab atrocities, discontentment over the Khilafat issue and the report of the Disorders
Inquiry Committee on 26th May, 1920 had completely shaken the faith of the people. In Haryana,
the impact of the Non-Cooperation Movement was very intensive and it had succeeded in creating
an atmosphere of hostility against the Government. The movement was very intense in Ambala
district of Haryana.
The Congress had not participated in the general elections of 1920. The dissidents, Chhotu Ram
and Lal Chand, however, contested the elections and won. This resulted the emergence of
Swarajists Party on sound footing. A branch of Swarajist Party was formed at Rohtak under the
leadership of Sri Ram Sharma, whose local paper, the Haryana Tilak came to be regarded as the
organ of the Congress in this region.
On 30th October, 1928, Lala Lajpat Rai was assaulted by the police when he was leading a
peaceful procession against all white men ‘’Simon Commission’’, which resulted in his death. His
death created a widespread resentment throughout the country including Haryana region. Pt. Neki
Ram Sharma held the commission responsible for Lala Lajpat Rai's death.
During this time, branches of Naujawan Bharat Sabha were also set up in Haryana at Ambala,
Karnal, Rohtak and Hissar. Its activities in Haryana were limited and could not become as
significant as it was in Punjab. Its leaders in Haryana were more or less pro-Congress.
In Haryana on 8th and 9th March, 1929, Punjab Provincial Political Conference was held at Rohtak
which was attended by Moti Lal Nehru and Jawaharlal Nehru.Dr. Satyapal presided over the
session. In the conference significant resolutions on Nehru Report and remission of land revenue
were passed.
At Lahore session of Indian National Congress in 1929, for the first time the resolution of Complete
Independence was passed. In Haryana there was bonfire of foreign cloth took place at Sonipat,
people went about in Prabhat pheris in the morning singing national and patriotic songs and
poems. The mutiny week was also celebrated in the region.
During the beginning of 1940 when the Second World War was in full swing, a Ahir company of
Hyderabad Regiment raised a armed revolt under Zahir Khan. All these army men belonged to
Haryana and they were under the spell of Arya Samaj and Congress party which was spearheading
in the National Movement.
The British Government arrested Ch. Devi Lal, Ram Dayal, Hukum Chand, Madan Gopal, Sahib
Ram, Lekh Ram, Jan Muhammad and Pt. Pat Ram Verma for raising their voice in favour of Quit
India Movement and other freedom activities. Chaudhary Devi Lal (former Deputy Prime Minister)
and Shri Mool Chand Jain are known as legendary freedom fighters from Haryana.
The people of Haryana played a notable role by joining themselves as members of Indian National
Army, raised by Hon'ble Subhash Chandra Bose. Its main object was to wage war against the
British. They believed in organized revolt. The INA was formed with the battle cry "Dilli chalo".

Important Freedom Fighters

Name Description
Nahar Singh He was born in 1823 in Ballabhgarh town and became the ruler of the
Princely State of Ballabhgarh in 1839.
He was known as the Lion of Ballabhgarh.
He was hanged in Chandni Chowk on 9th January, 1858 on charges of
treason.
Rao Tula He was born on 9th December, 1825 in Rewari district and occupied
Ram Rewari, Bohra and Shahjahanpur during the 1857 Revolt.
He fought against British rule at Nasirpur and was defeated by the British
army and left for Afghanistan.
He died in Kabul on 23rd September, 1863.
Raja Bahadu He was born in 1850 in Palwal.
r Lala The title of Rai Bahadur and Kaisar-i-hind was given to him by the British
Murlidhar government.
He was known as the Grand Old Man of Punjab.
Sir Chhotu He was born on 24th November, 1881 in Garhi Sampla village in Rohtak.
Ram He published Urdu Weekly Jaat Gazette from Rohtak in 1916.
He formed the Marketing Board in 1938 for ease of marketing of grains
by farmers and was known as Rahbar-e-Azam and Messiah of Poors and
Farmers.
Pandit Shri He was born on 1st October, 1899 in Jhajjar and known as the Grand Old
Ram Man of Haryana.
Sharma He participated in all five Satyagraha Movements from 1921-1942 and
published the Weekly paper Haryana Tilak in support of the Freedom
Movement in 1923.
He wrote for Haryana Ka Itihas and Haryana Ke Navratan.
Sucheta She was born on 25th June, 1908 in Ambal district of Haryana and was
Kripalani an Indian freedom fighter and politician.
She participated in the Quit India Movement of 1942 with Ram Manohar
Lohia, Jayprakash Narayan, and Aruna Asaf Ali.
She became the first female Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh from
1963-1967 and she died on 1st December, 1947 in Delhi.
Fateh Singh He was born on 5th October, 1912, in Khedar village in Hisar district.
He was an active member of the Indian National Army established by
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose in 1943.
He was appointed as the Captain of the Armed Corps Company of Indian
National Army in 1943 by Subash Chandra Bose.
Chaudhary He was born on 25th September, 1914, in Chautala village in Sirsa
Devi Lal district and known as Tau Devilal in Haryana.
He contested election against Congress Party and became the leader of
opposition party in 1962 and became the Chief Minister of Haryana
twice.
He became Deputy Prime Minister of India from 1989-21st June, 1991.

Religion
Religious composition of Haryana: Hindus (87.46%), Muslims (7.03%), Sikhs (4.91%), Jain (0.21%),
Christian (0.20%) and Buddhist (0.03%).
In the state Sirsa district has the largest Sikh population, Mewat/Nuh district has largest Muslim
population and Ambala district has largest Christian population.

Language
Hindi was the official language of Haryana till 2010 and it is spoken by the majority of the
population (87.31%). Accepting a long-pending demand, the Haryana government notified Punjabi
in 2010 as the state's second language. The Haryana Official Language Act, 1969 gave official
status to English Language.
Haryana has 70% rural population who primarily speak Haryanvi dialect of Hindi, as well as other
related dialects, such as Bagri and Mewati.

Geography
Haryana is a landlocked state in the North Western region of India and consists 1.34% of the total
geographical area of country.
 Haryana shares its border with 5 states and 2 Union Territories: Himachal Pradesh in the North
East, Rajasthan in South West, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Uttarakhand in the East, Punjab and
Chandigarh in the North West.
Area wise the largest district of Haryana is Sirsa while Faridabad is the smallest district.
Haryana has four main geographical features:
The Yamuna-Ghaggar plain forming the largest part of the state.
Shivalik Hills to the northeast in foothills of Himalayas.
Semi-desert dry sandy plain to the south-west.
Aravali Hills in the south.

Important Rivers and Dams of Haryana

S.N Name Origin Tributaries Dam
1 Ghaggar Shivalik Hills Markanda, Kaushalaya Ottu Barrage in Sirsa
2 Markanda Shivalik Hills Begna Barrage at Jalbehra in
Kurukshetra
3 Tangri Shivalik Hills Many seasonal streams —
4 Choutang Shivalik Hills Seasonal streams —
5 Dohan Aravali Hills Seasonal Streams Hamidpur Check Dam
6 Krishnava Aravali Hills Season Aravali Streams Norana Check Dam,
ti Rajasthan
7 Yamuna Bandarpunch Glacier, Somb, Thapana, Sahibi Hathnikund Barrage
Uttarakhand
8 Sahibi Aravali Hills Sota, Kotkasim, Indori Masani

Major Lakes

Lakes Location
Badkhal Lake Faridabad
Damdama Lake Gurugram
Kotla Lake Yamunanagar
Khalilpur Lake Ambala
Sultanpur Lake Farukhnagar
Brahma Sarovar Lake Thanesar (Kurukshtera)
Surajkund Lake Faridabad
Ujina Lake Nuh (Mewat)

Major canals

Western and Eastern Yamuna Canal is the oldest canal of the state which emerges from the
Tajewala barrage. These branches feed water, for irrigation purposes, to the land areas of Karnal,
Panipat, Sonepat, Jind and Rohtak districts.
Gurgaon Canal has been drawn at the Okhla barrage from the Yamuna.
Bhakra Canal has been drawn form Sutlej river near Nangal. The fields of Sirsa, Rohtak and Hissar
districts are supplied water through this canal.
Bhiwani Canal is a small canal, drawn out of Bhakra Canal it passed through district of Bhiwani.
Jawahar Lal Canal has also been drawn from Bhakra Canal and passes through Mahendragarh.

Sutlej – Yamuna Link (SYL) Canal Controversy

SYL is a 214 km long water canal proposed to connect the Sutlej River in Punjab to Yamuna in
Haryana at Palla village, near Delhi. Its 122 kilometre stretch falls under Punjab and the remaining
92 kilometre is in Haryana.
A sum of Rs. 100 crore has been announced by Haryana government for completion of SYL in
budget 2018-19.
Besides transfer of water for irrigation needs, two hydel power projects are also proposed on SYL, it
can also be used for shipping purposes.
 It comes under the Bhakra- Beas Management Board (BBMB) which was constituted under a
central legislation i.e. the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966.
Construction of SYL was started in 1984 and a major part of the canal was completed in the Punjab
territory in 1990s itself, only a small part is left to be completed.
Controversies about the SYL Canal can be traced back to the mid-1960s, started after the
reorganisation of Punjab. When the state was bifurcated, the sharing of the river water also
became a bone of contention.
According to 1976 deal, centre allocated 3.5 MAF of water to Haryana, 3.5 MAF to Punjab, 8 MAF to
Rajasthan and 0.2 MAF to Delhi. Due to the opposition of Punjab to the deal, Haryana has
approached the Supreme Court in 1979.
In 1980’s, Indira Gandhi intervened and as a result Punjab government withdrew its suit from the
Supreme Court. But Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) has continued to oppose the canal. The foundation
stone of the canal was laid on April 8, 1982, by the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi at Kapoori
village, in Patiala.
At that time militancy in Punjab was at its peak and the labourers working there were attacked, as
a result the construction of SYL was halted.
Rajiv - Longowal Accord of 1985 i.e the Punjab Accord tried to solve the issue but with little
success. Justice V Balakrishna Eradi tribunal was also set up to specify the quantum of Ravi-Baes
waters to be shared among Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.
In 2002, the Supreme Court directed the Punjab government to continue digging for the project. In
2004, Punjab state passed the ‘’Punjab Termination of Agreement Act’’, to de-notify the land
acquired for the project. It annuls the 1981 Indira Gandhi award and subsequent agreements
relating to the distribution of Ravi- Beas waters.
The validity of the law was questioned, as it was in direct confrontation to a Supreme Court
judgement.
More recently in 2016, the Supreme Court took up the matter for hearing. At the same time Punjab
legislature passed another bill i.e the Punjab Sutlej-Yamuna Link Canal (Rehabilitation and Re-
vesting of Proprietary Rights), to restore the land acquired for the canal back to the farmers.
The Supreme Court has ordered status quo on the bill but Punjab government is defending it by
citing that under Article 143, the Supreme Court has only advisory functions, and hence cannot
pass an assumptive interim order.

Climate

Haryana is extremely hot in summer at around 45 °C (113 °F) and mild in winter. The hottest
months are May and June and the coldest are December and January.
The district of Karnal, Ambala and a portion of Kurukshetra district lying under the climatic type
Cwa, Sirsa and Hisar district has got climatic type Bwh. The rest of the State belongs to the
climatic type Bsh.
The year is divided into four seasons. The winter season from November to March is followed by
summer season from April to June. The period from July to middle of September constitutes the
south-west monsoon season and the period from the latter half of September to October forms the
post-monsoon period.
Winter prevails over the entire State during the period from November to March and is generally
very unpleasant due to biting cold. In this season a series of western disturbances affect the
climate of the State. In the summer months from April to June, weather is very dry and
uncomfortable.
The maximum rainfall is 216 cms and the minimum rainfall ranges from 25 to 38 cms.

Soil

Soil is formed almost entirely of alluvium, the state is situated towards the depressions of the
rivers Ganges and Indus.
It is a broad level plain standing nearly on the watershed between the basins of the two rivers. It is
a vast ground of moist land. In the whole of the region except the flood plains of the Yamuna and
the Ghaggar, the alluvium is of the old type containing sand, clay, silt and hard calcareous
 concentrations about the size of nuts known as 'Kankars'.
In the Khaddar the deposits of the alluvium are of the recent type. They consist of coarse sand and
some silt, regularly deposited by the rivers and small mountain streams of the Indo-Gangetic
watershed.
In the south-western part, a great deal of wind-blown sand has been piled up in the form of sand
dunes. These dunes are sometimes many metres high. The alluvium is covered by sand, making
the region as arid and unproductive as a desert.

Important Lakes of Haryana

Badkhal Lake is situated near Faridabad in Haryana, about 32 kilometers from Delhi. Fringed by
the hills of the Aravalli Range it is a man-made embankment. Owing to unchecked mining in
neighbouring areas, the lake has now totally dried up. Close to Badkhal Lake, is the Peacock Lake,
which is another picturesque spot. It is an important biodiversity area contiguous to Asola Bhatti
Wildlife Sanctuary within the Northern Aravalli leopard wildlife corridor.
Brahma Sarovar Lake is one of Asia's largest man-made pond. It is 3600 ft long, 1500 ft broad
and 45 ft deep. Brahma stands for Lord Brahma, the creator of universe in Hinduism, and Sarovar
in Hindi means 'pond'. The pond is named such because myths say that Lord Brahma created the
universe from the land of Kurukshetra, after performing a huge yagya. A giant black stone chariot
of Lord Krishna and Arjuna is located in its premises. The ghats of the sarovar are named after the
most prominent characters of the Mahabharata.
Karna Lake is a manmade lake in Karnal city of Haryana.
Sannihit Sarovar, believed to be the permanent abode of Lord Vishnu, is situated at a distance of
3 kms from Kurukshetra on Pehowa Road. It is supposed that entire range of Tirthas assembles
here on the day of Amavasya and as per the legends, if a man performs Shradhs at the time of
solar eclipse and takes bath in this tank, he acquires the fruit of 1000 Ashwamedh sacrifices. Sikh
Gurus too have visited this holy place from time to time.
Surajkund Lake also known as 'Lake of the Sun', is an artificial Kund built in the backdrop of the
Aravalli hills near Faridabad. It is said to have been built by the Suraj Pal, King of Tomar dynasty in
the 10th century.
Tilyar Lake, situated 42 Kms from Delhi, is located in Rohtak District of Haryana.
Blue Bird Lake is a resident and endangered migratory fowl wetland habitat, lake and exercise
area in the Hisar city of Haryana. It is close to Deer Park and Shatavar Vatika Herbal Park of Hisar.

Flora and Fauna of State

Forests

Haryana is rich in various kinds of flora. In the state there is a general type of flora but some
pockets of the region give a special types of herbs and bushes. There are hardly any hilly tracts in
Haryana except a few in Panchkula district-its sub-montane area and the range of Aravalli chain in
Gurgaon, Rewari, Faridabad and Mahendragarh districts.
In Panchkula, the hilly areas are generally devoid of vegetation other than rough scrub, and the
low bleak hills are of little use except as grazing grounds. The tract around Kalesar and Morni,
however, is more valuable.
Formed almost entirely of alluvium, the state is situated towards the depressions of the rivers,
Ganges and Indus.It is vast ground of moist land. So, under the situations, flora also differs.
Thorny, dry, deciduous forest and thorny shrubs can be found all over the state. During the
monsoon, a carpet of grass covers the hills. Mulberry, eucalyptus, pine, kikar, shisham and babul
are some of the trees found here.
Forest cover in the state is near 3.6% of the total geographical area of Haryana while total forest
and tree Cover is 6.79%. Forest Cover in the state in 2017 was 1588 km2 and the Tree Cover in the
state was 1415 km2. In 2016-17, 18,412 hectares were brought under tree cover by planting 14.1
million seedlings.
Panchkula district has maximum forest cover while Palwal district has minimum forest cover.

Wildlife

In olden times, lions and tigers were not uncommon in the state. The Nardak area of the then
 Karnal district was once a favourite spot of the Mughal emperors for hunting lions and tigers.These
species have completely disappeared now.
The species of fauna found in the state of Haryana include black buck, nilgai, panther, fox,
mongoose, jackal and wild dog. Apart from this more than 450 species of birds are also found.
Haryana has two national parks, eight wildlife sanctuaries, two wildlife conservation areas, five
animal and bird breeding centers, one deer park and three zoos, all of which are managed by the
Haryana Forest Department of the Government of Haryana.

National parks of Haryana

The Forests Department of Haryana maintains 2 National parks:

Sultanpur National Park (142.52 hectares), 25 km from Gurugram, is a bird paradise for bird
watchers. It is famous for its migratory as well as resident birds. Migratory species reach here after
covering incredible distance, since their home land in Europe, Siberia and Central Asia becomes
uninhabitable due to cold temperature, snow covered ground and frozen lakes. Migratory birds
start arriving in the park in September.
Kalesar National Park (4682.32 hectares), 15 km from Yamunanagar, has got lot of
significance in terms of biodiversity and ecological stability in this part of the country. In terms of
biodiversity, it is store house of numerous medicinal plants. It houses many threatened animals
like Leopard, Ghoral, Barking deer, Sambar, Chital, Python, King Cobra, Monitor lizard etc.
Occasionally, Tigers and Elephants visit this park from Rajaji National Park situated in Uttarakhand.

Wildlife Sanctuaries of Haryana

The Forests Department, Haryana of the Government of Haryana maintains the following Wildlife
Sanctuaries:

1. Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary, Jhajjar

2. Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary, Jhajjar
3. Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary, Rewari
4. Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary, Kurukshetra
5. Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary, Yamunanagar
6. Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary, Sirsa
7. Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary, Panchkula
8. Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary, Panchkula

Animal & Bird Breeding Centers of Haryana

The Forests Department of Haryana runs the following breeding centres in the state:

1. Chinkara Breeding Centre, Kairu, Bhiwani

2. Crocodile Breeding Centre, Bhor Saidan, Kurukshetra
3. Peacock & Chinkara Breeding Centre, Jhabua, Rewari
4. Pheasant Breeding Centre, Morni, Panchkula
5. Vulture Conservation and Breeding Centre, Pinjore

Conservation Reserves

1. Saraswati Conservation Reserve, Kaithal

2. Bir Bara Ban Conservation Reserve, Jind

*The Forests Department of the Government of Haryana runs Deer Park located next to Hisar Airport.

Culture
Fairs

Surajkund International Crafts Mela

 It is celebrated at, Surajkund, District Faridabad
The Mela is organized by the Surajkund Mela Authority & Haryana Tourism in collaboration
with Union Ministries of Tourism, Textiles, Culture and External Affairs.
A large number of renowned national and international folk artistes and cultural groups
present day performances at both the Chaupals, the open-air theatres, located in the Mela
premises. In 2013, the fair was upgraded to an international level and in 2015, a record
number of 20 countries participated in the Mela.
For the 33rd Surajkund International Crafts Mela-2019, the state of Maharashtra has been
chosen to be the Theme State. Thailand is the Partner Nation Country for the Year 2019.
Gopal-Mochan Fair
In Ambala, the most famous fair is held at Gopal-Mochan near Bilaspur in Jagadhri tehsil.
There is a sacred tank of the same name in the place.
Masani Fair
Haryana's most famous fair is held in honour of the goddess of smallpox, Masani whose
temple is in Gurgaon village.

Festivals

Gugga Naumi
This is a religious festival, celebrated all over Haryana. It is connected with snake-worship
and observed in August-September.
Gangore
It is a festival that dedicated to goddess of abundance i.e. Gauri. Celebrated every year in
Chet or March month, this festival is specially meant for young girls who pray for good
husbands. In this festival people take out processions carrying the idol of Gangore.
Lohri
Lohri is celebrated in the state of Haryana just before the day of Makar Sankranti. For the
community of Punjabis the festival of Lohri is a very special festival.
Baisakhi
The festival of Baisakhi is a very important one for the Punjabis in the state of Haryana and
is celebrated with joyous music and dancing.
It falls every year on 13th April and once in 36 years it falls on 14th April. It was on this
particular day that the tenth Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh, founded the Khalsa in
the year 1699.
Teej
This festival is celebrated on Sawan Sudi. It is celebrated to welcome the season of
monsoon. After the first showers of rainy season, a small insect called Teej in the state of
Haryana comes out from the earth’s soil.
Pinjore Heritage Festival
It takes place at Pinjore, a small town located at a distance of 20 kilometers from
Chandigarh. It is home of some of the best terraced gardens in the country. These gardens
were planned by Fidai Khan during the reign of Jahangir.

Arts and crafts of Haryana

Art and craft of Haryana mainly covers the range of pottery, embroidery and weaving. Colourful
Phulkari dupatta of Haryana is famous in India and abroad.
Art and craft of Haryana also include sculpture and murals both of Persian and Mughal style.
Woven furniture, artistic sheet metal work, wooden bead making, zari & tilla jutti (leather
footwear), lace work, bone carving, wood carving are some of the artistic craft that Haryana is
known for.
Panipat in Haryana is famous for its handloom tradition, especially rugs and upholstery fabric that
is the reason why it is known as a major textile town in India.
Haryana is famous for two types of woven furniture Mudhas (round stools) and chairs made of
sarkanda (a reed) from Farukh Nagar and Pidhis from Sonipat which are essentially wooden stools
with seat woven in cotton threads or sutli.
One of the interesting items made at Jhajjar is pitcher made from clay. Interestingly, the clay gives
a sweet taste to the water stored in the pitcher.
Dance Forms

Dhamal is a dance form, whose origin goes back to the days of the Mahabharata. The Dhamal
dance is especially popular in the areas around Gurgaon, inhabited by Ahirs. In the beginning of
the dance, the player gives the first long note, then Dhol, Tasha, Nagara, pick up the beat and the
dance begins. Some of the dancers carry large Daphs in their hands. These are edged with frills of
brightly coloured fabric, others carry sticks ('Shuntis') of medium length, wrapped in tinsel and
tasseled at both ends.
Daph is another form of seasonal dance of farmers depicting the joyful emotions on a good
harvest and advent of Spring. It is a sort of community dance. The "Daph", the one sided drum and
the sound of the ornaments worn by the women offer the music.
Phag dance done basically in the lunar month of Phalgun seeks to celebrate the colourful festival
of Holi. The dancers come together to the sound of 'Tasha', 'Nagara' and 'Dhol'. The men come
running & singing the traditional songs of 'Phalgun', followed by women carrying 'Koraras', the
knotted lengths of cloths. They run about the men hitting with the 'Koraras' while men defend
themselves as best as they can with 'Shuntis'.
Ghoomar is marked by circular movements of the dancers, Ghoomar is generally performed by
the girls of the areas bordering Rajasthan. The dancers form a circle, and move about clapping and
singing, while tempo of the dance is accelerated. The accompanying songs are full of satire and
humour and refer to contemporary events, while the dancers twirl around in pairs.
Jhumar dance is named after an ornament called as "Jhumar" commonly worn on forehead by
young married women is exclusively danced by women. It is otherwise known as 'Hariyanvi Gidda'.
Dressed in colourful costumes, the ladies dance in gay abandon singing and clapping with the
beats of 'dholak' and 'thali' while gracefully moving in a circle.
Loor is performed by girls during the month of 'Phalguna' (pring), and is so named because the
word 'Loor' means girl in the Bangar area of Haryana. Performed during the Holi festival, this dance
marks the spring season and the sowing of the Rabi crops. The song is generally in the form of
questions and answers.
Gugga dance is performed by Gugga (a saint) devotees, they dance and sing around his grave to
show their devotion. The Gugga is exclusively a male dance, performed in procession taken out in
memory of saint Gugga.

Music

Haryana is a state of rich musical tradition and even some places have even been named after
ragas, for example Charkhi Dadri district has many villages named as Todi, Asaveri, Jaisri,
Malakoshna, Hindola, Bhairavi etc.
Mainly two main forms of music exist here i.e. Classical Folk Music and Desi Folk Music. They take
the form of a verse and pangs of parting of lovers, valor and bravery, harvest and happiness. The
folk music of Haryana has been spread by the Bhats, Saangis and Jogis.
The desi Haryanvi music is used for celebrating community bonhomie to sing seasonal songs,
ballads, ceremonial songs and related religious legendary tales such as Puran Bhagat. Ahirs also
use melodic Raag Pilu on a scale using seven semitones.
Kissa folklores of bravery and love such as Nihal De Sultan, Leelo- Chaman, Bhagat Singh, Udham
Singh, Jai Singh etc. are some of the most popular folklores. Ragini are folk theatrical performance
of Haryana. This form of theater were popularised by Lakhmi Chand and Mehar Singh.

Musical Accompaniments

Many traditional instruments like Sarangi, Harmonium, Chimta, Dhadd, Dholak, Manjeera, Khartal,
Damaru, Duggi, Daf, Bansuri, Been, Ghungroo, Dhak, Gharha(by adding rubber cover on top of the
pitcher), Thali (beaten with a stick to make music) and Shankha are used to make music here.

Haryanvi Films

Haryana has a flourishing film Industry . When Chandrawal was released in March 1984, it created
a stir in the film industry.
Apart from this Laddo, Chandro, Lal Rang are other famous films of Haryana.
Food

There is the saying famous in Haryana, Desaan main des Haryana, jit dudh dahi ka khaana, which
means "Among places is Haryana, where the staple food is milk and yoghurt "
The home made butter is popularly known as nooni or tindi in the state. Bajra Ki Khichdi is a
famous delicacy, which is prepared with millet porridge and eaten with Kadi or Ghee.
The desserts contain Gajar ka Halwa, Kheer and Rabri made from wheat flour and buttermilk.

Agriculture

About 70% of Haryana residents are engaged in agriculture. Wheat and rice are the major crops.
Haryana is self-sufficient in food production and the second largest contributor to India's central
pool of food grains.
Haryana contributed significantly to the Green Revolution in India in the 1970s that made the
country self-sufficient in food production.
The state has also significantly contributed to the field of agricultural education in the country.
Asia's one of the biggest agricultural University - Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural
University is located at Hisar , which has already made a significant contribution in ushering 'Green
Revolution'.

Dairy Farming

Dairy farming is also an essential part of the rural economy. Haryana has a livestock population of
98.97 lakh. Milk and milk products form an essential part of the local diet. Haryana, with 660
grams of availability of milk per capita per day, ranks at number two in the country as against the
national average of 232 grams.
There is a vast network of milk societies that support the dairy industry.
The National Dairy Research Institute at Karnal, and the Central Institute for Research on
Buffaloes at Hisar are instrumental in development of new breeds of cattle and propagation of
these breeds through embryo transfer technology.
The Murrah breed of water buffalo from Haryana is world-famous for its milk production and
termed as 'Black Gold'.

Industry

The Gurgaon city is emerging as one of the major hub for the Information Technology and
Automobile industry. India now has over 50% market share in the world’s IT outsourcing industry,
and most of that work happens from Gurgaon. The total global and domestic outsourcing market
opportunity for India is expected to grow three-fold from $500bn in 2008 to $1.5tn by 2020,
according to India Brand Equity, a foundation set up by the government.
Two of the biggest automobile and two wheeler manufacturer Maruti udyog and Hero are in
Gurgaon. Haryana is a preferred destination for auto majors and auto-component manufacturers.
The state is host to many large automotive players. The state produces two-thirds of passenger
cars, 50 percent of tractors, 60 percent of motorcycles and 50 per cent of the refrigerators
manufactured in the country. Automobiles and auto component exports from Haryana were around
US$ 1.39 billion in FY18.
The Panipat Refinery (IOCL) situated at Panipat is the second largest refinery in south Asia.
There are numerous manufacturing companies in the region. These include Hindustan National
Glass, Maruti Udyog Limited, Escorts Group, Hero Moto Corp, Alcatel, Sony, Whirlpool India, Bharti
Telecom, Liberty Shoes etc. In addition there are more than 80,000 small-scale industrial units in
the state which cumulatively bring in a substantial income for the state and its people.
Yamunanagar district has a paper mill BILT.
Faridabad is another big industrial part of Haryana. It is home to hundreds of large scale
companies like Orient fans (C.K.Birla Group), JCB India Limited, Nirigemes, Agri
Machinery Group (Escorts Group), Yamaha Motor India Pvt. Ltd.

Sports in Haryana

Haryana is the leading state in sports as well. It's players like Sushil Kumar has won the two
 successive Olympic medals in 2008 ( Bronze Medal) and 2012 (Silver Medal).
Haryana women player Sakshi Malik has won Bronze Medal in 2016 Olympic in freestyle wrestling
and she has become the first woman in India who has won Olympic medal in wrestling.
Haryana Sports Policy and Rewards played a major role in the upliftment of sports in the state.
According to new sports policy, substantially increased award money is being given to national and
international Players.

Tourism

Haryana has set up a number of tourist complexes, motels and camping sites to promote tourism.
Haryana has one of the most successful tourist development programs led by Haryana Tourism
department. The tourist complexes are named after Birds found in Haryana. Some of these places
have dormitories and all of them have restaurants. Hotel Rajhans (Surajkund) is on the Delhi Agra
highway, Karna Lake (Karnal), Skylark, Parakeet and Kingfisher (Ambala) are on Delhi-Chandigarh
highway. Yadavindra Gardens at Pinjore, on the Chandigarh Shimla road are a must see.
Kurukshetra is a great pilgrimage for Hindus and tourists from all over visit the venue of
Mahabharat war and the birthplace of the Bhagavad Gita. Building on its, historical and cultural
traditions, it has developed in to a modern city having the Brahma Sarovar, Sri Krishna Museum
and the Science Museum (Panorama).
The Delhi-Alwar highway boasts of a unique hilly attraction Sohna, in Gurgaon district. Standing on
the Aravali Hills, Sohna looks out at a wide panoramic view of the plains below it.
Panchkula district has the Morni Hills - the only hill station of Haryana, is a charming and
peaceful place to rest and savor the nature.

Research Institution

Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar

National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal
National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon
Directorate Of Wheat Research, Karnal
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal

Haryana Government Schemes

Apni Beti Apna Dhan
Ladli Scheme
State Level Awards for Improvement in Sex Ratio to the districts, Haryana
Ch. Devi Lal. Rashtriya Uttan Aivam Parivar Kalyan Yojna “Devi Rupak”
Mukhya Mantri Vivah Shagun Yojna
Housing scheme for Scheduled Castes and Denotified Tribes
Dr. Ambedkar Medhavi Chhattar Sansodhit Yojna
Financial Assistance for Higher Competitive entrance examinations to SC/BC candidates through
private institutions.
Creation of Employment Generation Opportunities by setting up Employment Oriented
Institutes/Training Programmes.
Scheme of Hostels For Other Backward Classes (OBCs) Boys And Girls

Issues and Challenges

Haryana has the worst child sex ratio( 834) and sex ratio( 879) according to census 2011.
Crime rate against women is very high in the state. The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB)
data for 2016 has indicated that Haryana has acquired the top spot among all states in terms of
gang rapes.
Due to high rate of foeticide and resultant lack of females in Haryana there is widespread practice
of trafficking women from the poorer region of India.
Though Haryana is leading agricultural state in India , there are emerging challenges , like water
table has gone down drastically, due to excessive and irrational fertilizer use and agriculture has
almost become non-profitable due to high input cost.
 The groundwater level in Haryana, a major paddy producer in the country, has dropped by more
than 50% in the past four decades. According to official information, in 1974 the groundwater was
available at 9.19 metre (m) and in 2016, it has gone down to 18.66m, recording a decline up to
9.47m. In fact, this is the state’s average, as in many districts the groundwater level has gone
down up to 46m.

Haryana: Facts
First mobile court of Haryana (2007): Mewat/Nuh
India’s first high-tech Anganwadi: Hasanpur (Sonipat)
Haryana Backward Classes Commission: Established on 7 September 1990
First Chairman of Haryana Backward Classes Commission: Justice Gurnam Singh
Haryana Institute of Rural Development: Nilokheri (Karnal)
Potato Technology Training Centre: Nilokheri (Karnal)
Gandhi of Haryana: Mulchand Jain (Gohana, Sonipat)
First Gram Secretariat of Haryana: Haibatpur (Jind)
Kalanidhi Magazine (1965): Kurukshetra University
Sandalwood of Haryana: Khejri (Jati)
Gaya city of Haryana: Pehowa (Kurukshetra)
Harsh Ka Tila: Thanesar (Kurukshetra)
Anjana Mata Ka Tila: Kaithal
First Agro Mall of Haryana: Rohtak
Shree Baba Tara Ji: Sirsa
Dadi Sati Mandir: Kumhariya (Sirsa)
Dera Jagmalwali (Sirsa): Sant GurBaksh Singh
Namdhari Dera: Jiwan Nagar, Sirsa
Sardar Singh: Hockey player (Rania, Sirsa)
Rania ka Kila: Bhairon Singh
War Heroes Memorial Stadium: Ambala
Abu Ali Qalandar Tomb: Panipat
Longest flyover of Haryana: Panipat
Idea of ‘Selfie with Daughter’: Sunil Jangal (Bibipur, Jind)
Lake mentioned in “Baburnama”: Kotla lake (Nuh)
Chitta Temple: Yamunanagar
Hemu: Kutubpur (Rewari)
London of Ahirwal: Rewari
Rani ki Dyodhi: Rewari
Carnor Darwaza: Rewari
Rampura Mahal: Rewari
History of Rewari: "Abhir Kuldeepika’"
Largest Cloth Market of Northern India: Shori Market (Rohtak)
Tmb of Pranpir Badshah: Hisar
St. Thomas Church: Hisar
St. James Church: Karnal
Mausam Khatri (Wrestler): Panchi Village (Sonipat)
Fauji Mehar Singh: Barona village (Sonipat)
First Cotton Mill of Haryana: Fatehabad (1963)
Castle of Ibrahim Ali Khan: Designed by Henz
Babatpur village (Gurugram): Selected under Digital India Programme
Baba Gaibi Sahib Temple: Narwana (Jind)
Mini Haridwar of Haryana: Pandu-Pindara (Jind)
Baba Jeet Giri Temple: Kakrod (Jind)
Uchana: Established by Dahad Singh Sheokand
Niracha Dham: Beri (Jhajjar)
Archaeological Museum: Jhajjar
Nabh Chhor: Evening newspaper published from Hisar
Postal service in Ambala: Launched by Lord Canning in 1860
Mata Parkash Kaur Welfare Centre for Persons with Speech & Hearing Impairment:
Karnal
 St. James Church Tower (1806): Karnal
Nirmal Kutiya: Karnal
Gandhi Memorial Hall: Karnal
First One Stop Centre for distress women: Karnal
First Post Office Passport Centre of Haryana: Karnal
Google boy: Kautilya Pandit
Maharishi Balmiki Sanskrit University: Mundri (Kaithal)
Peer Naubahar: Guhla (Kaithal)
Bhai Uday Singh: Last Emperor of Kaithal
Kos Minars: Sher Shah Suri
Devi Temple of Panipat: Built by Marathas
Gandhi Museum: Palwal
Tomb of Roshan Chirag: Palwal
Shaheed Minar: Hathin (Palwal)
Odh Tribe: Hodal
Sunil Lanba: Amarpur village (Palwal)

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