5/30/2025 Expository Writing

Assignment 01

Student Names:

SHAHMEER, AOWN, SHAHZAIB,

EEMAN WAHEED, RAWISH, SANA

BS IT Second Semester
Course Teacher: MAM SAMEERA
Assignment No 1
Date: 30 May, 202

Punjab College Jhelum

BS IT
Expository Writing
✍ Expository Writing

“Expository writing is a type of writing that explains or informs.

In expository writing, your goal is to give information clearly
and logically. You're not trying to convince someone of your
opinion—that’s persuasive writing. You're not telling a story—
that's narrative writing.
You might see expository writing in textbooks, how-to articles,
or even science reports. It follows a clear structure and is usually
based on facts, not opinions.

Some common ways we structure expository writing are:

 • Cause and effect
• Compare and contrast
• Problem and solution
• Step-by-step or process explanations
So basically, if you're ever writing something that teaches or
explains—you're doing expository writing!”

Common Structures in Expository Writing

“Now that we know expository writing is all about explaining
and informing, let’s look at how we can structure it. There are
several ways to organize expository writing, and here are four of
the most common ones:
1. Cause and Effect
This structure explains why something happened (the cause)
and what happened as a result (the effect).
Example:-
Cause: Factories release smoke into the air.
Effect: This leads to increased air pollution and health problems.
2. Compare and Contrast
Here, we look at the similarities and differences between two
or more things.
Example:-
Compare online classes and traditional classes—what do they
have in common, and how are they different?
3. Problem and Solution
This type of writing introduces a problem and then explains one
or more solutions to fix it.
Example:-

Problem: Too much plastic waste is polluting oceans.

Solution: Encourage recycling and use of biodegradable
materials.
4. Step-by-Step or Process Explanation
This structure explains how to do something, step by step—
perfect for giving instructions or describing a process.
Example:-

How to bake a cake:-

Step 1: Gather ingredients

Step 2: Mix the batter
Step 3: Pour into a pan and bake
Step 4: Let it cool and serve
These structures help your writing stay organized, easy to
follow, and effective for teaching or explaining something.”
 Pre-Writing in Expository Writing

“Now, let’s talk about pre-writing. This is the step you

take before you start actually writing anything.
Think of it like planning a trip—you wouldn’t just get in a
car and drive without knowing where you're going, right?
Pre-writing helps you figure out:
• What you want to say
• Why you're saying it
• And how you're going to organize your ideas
There are many ways to do pre-writing:
• You can brainstorm and jot down every idea that
comes to mind.
• You can use a mind map to connect related ideas
visually.
• You can make a list, ask yourself questions, or even
free write—which means writing non-stop for a few
minutes to get your ideas flowing.
Pre-writing helps you avoid getting stuck once you start
your actual writing.
How Are They Connected?
“So why are we talking about these two things together?
Because pre-writing is what makes expository writing
strong.
When you take time to pre-write, you’re building the
structure of your explanation before you write the actual
sentences. That means your writing is more likely to make
sense, flow better, and stay focused on the topic.
Think of pre-writing as your blueprint, and expository
writing as building the house.”
Brainstorming (Pre-Writing Technique)
“Before we start writing, we need ideas. One of the best ways to
come up with ideas is by brainstorming.

What is Brainstorming?

Brainstorming is when you quickly write down all the ideas

that come to your mind about a topic. Don’t worry about spelling,
grammar, or whether the ideas are good or bad. Just let your mind
go free and capture everything.
Why is it Useful?

• It helps you generate content to include in your writing.

 • It activates your thinking and makes connections you
might not have noticed.
• It’s a great way to get started if you don’t know how to
begin writing.

✏ How to Brainstorm:

1. Choose your topic (Example: "The Importance of

Exercise")
2. Set a timer for 2–5 minutes.
3. Write every idea that comes to your mind about the topic.
4. Once you’re done, look at your list and decide what ideas
are most important for your paragraph or essay.

Example: Brainstorming List – Topic: “The Importance of

Exercise”
• Keeps your heart healthy
• Boosts energy
• Improves mood
• Helps with weight control
• Reduces risk of diseases
• Can be fun (sports, dancing)
• Builds strength and flexibility
• Good for mental health

From this brainstorm, you now have a bunch of ideas to pick

from and use in your expository writing!

Mind Map (Pre-Writing Technique)

“Another great way to plan your writing is by using a
mind map. If you’re a visual thinker, this strategy will
really help you organize your thoughts.”
What is a Mind Map?
A mind map is a visual diagram that starts with your
main idea in the center, and then branches out with
related ideas. Each branch can have sub-branches with
details or examples.
Think of it like a tree:
• The trunk is your main topic
• The branches are your supporting points
• The leaves are your examples or details

Why Use a Mind Map?

• It helps you see connections between ideas
• It makes organizing your writing easier
• It’s a quick way to plan out the structure of your
paragraph or essay

✏ How to Make a Mind Map:

 1. Write your main topic in the center of the
page and circle it.
2. Draw lines outward to main ideas or categories
related to your topic.
3. Add sub-ideas or examples under each category.

Example: Mind Map

“From this mind map, you can easily organize your
writing. Each branch could become a paragraph or
sentence in your expository piece.”
 Free Writing (Pre-Writing Technique)

What is Free Writing?

Free writing is a pre-writing technique where you
write without stopping for a set amount of time—usually 5
to 10 minutes—without worrying about grammar, spelling,
punctuation, or organization.
It’s a way to get your thoughts flowing and discover ideas
you might not realize you had. Think of it as a “brain
dump” on paper.

Purpose of Free Writing

• To explore a topic before starting a formal piece of
writing
• To overcome writer’s block
 • To generate raw ideas and thoughts
• To clarify your understanding of a subject
• To find a starting point or main idea for an essay
How to Do Free Writing
1. Choose a Topic (or leave it open-ended)
o Example: “Why education matters” or “Effects of
technology on teens”
2. Set a Timer
o Write for 5–10 minutes without stopping.
3. Write Continuously
o Don’t worry about mistakes or structure.
o If you get stuck, write something like: “I’m not
sure what to say next…” and keep going.
4. Don’t Edit While Writing
o Let your thoughts flow freely. No deleting, no
correcting.
5. Review Afterwards (Optional)
o Underline or highlight useful points or interesting
ideas.
o Use these ideas when planning your draft or essay.