GARMENTS 4.
Emery bags- keep needles clean of
rust
Garments construction - process of 5. Hand sewing needle - used for
creating clothing from fabric hand sewing
6. Rotary cutting mat - used for
Drafting tools cutting fabrics
1. Pattern paper
2. Pencil TAKING BODY MEASUREMENTS
Vertical
Measuring Tools
1. L- Square - Perfect square ● Figure Back: Measured from the
- 2 arms connected perpendicularly nape (back of the neck) down to the
- 24x4 inch waistline.
2. French curve- Connect points to create ● Figure Front: Measured from the
smooth curve neck point (center of the base of the
3. Hip curve- fitting adjustments at hipline neck) down to the waistline, passing
4. Ruler- short line over the bust.
5. Meter Stick- “ yard stick”, long line ● Bust Height: Measured from the
6. Tape Measure - Flexible ruler neck point (center of the base of the
neck) down to the highest point of
Marking tools the bust.
1. Tailors chalk- Transfer the marks ● Blouse Length: Measured from the
from the pattern to the fabrics nape down to the desired length of
2. Racing wheel - tracing seamless the blouse (above or below the
3. Tracing paper - Function like waistline).
carbon ● Sleeve Length: Measured from the
4. Dressmakers pin - Holds pieces shoulder point (where the shoulder
together meets the arm) down to the desired
sleeve length.
Cutting tools ● Skirt Length: Measured from the
1. shears - 8-9 inches, sharp metals waistline down to the desired skirt
used for cutting length.
2. Bent handled dressmakers shear -
7-12 inches, sharp cutting edge
3. Scissors - shorter than shear
4. Pinking shears- toothed blade
5. Clip scissor- cut threads
6. Trimming- 3-4 inches
7. Embroidery scissors - 4-5 inches
8. Button hole scissors- making
Horizontal
button hole
9. Fabric rotary hand- circular blade
that rotates ● Shoulder - from the shoulder point
10. Seam paper - removing seam across the back
● Front chest - across the front of the
Sewing tools chest, from one armpit to the other
1. thimble - pitted cup worn on the ● Bust to bust - nipples to nipples
finger ● Back width - armpits to the other
2. Sewing needle - put thread to the armpit at the back
eye
3. Pin cusion - store pins Circumferential
● Bust: Measured around the Hem - to turn under a raw edge
fullest part of the chest,
ensuring the tape measure is Hemline - the line that indicates where
level at the front, back, and the hem will be turned
sides.
● Waist: Taken around the Layout - arrangement of pattern
narrowest part of the torso,
often at the natural waistline. Seam - the stitching that joints to fabric
● First Hip: Measured around
the hip area where the
Seam allowance - the space between the
stomach is fullest, typically
at edge
about 10 centimeters (4
inches) below the waist,
● Second Hip: Taken around Top stitch - stitch on the top
the fullest part of the hips
and buttocks. Trim - cut of ragged edges
● Armhole: Measured around
the circumference of the Collar - flat upright or turned other
armhole opening section
● Arm Girth: Taken around the
fullest part of the upper arm, Cuffs - lower part
typically the bicep area.
Grading - process of make a pattern of
different sizes
Vertical is as is Bias - diagonal directions of fabric
between the warp
Horizontal is divided to 2
Circumferential is divided to 4
BASIC HAND STITCHES
Alter - to change a pattern
Baste - a long loose temporary stitch
Back stitch - make one running stitch,
Clip - a shortcut made with the print then take a back stitch on the beginning
(allowance) of the first stitch
Notch - v shaped mark on the edge Busting - to hold fabric temporarily
(seamline)
Running stitch - several stitches on the
Facing - fabric stitch to a raw age needle
Interfacing - give support and body to Outline stitch - similar to back stitch but
garments slanted
Lining - inside of apparel Blanket - 1/4 from the edge
Catch stitch - seem binding on a hem Heavy rotation- apply oil on the arm
shaft, disable and clean the shutter caset
Stem stitch - creating flowers stems and
vines Too much noise- apply oil
Satin stitch - filling in the designs - Balance wheel does not turn- apply oil
smooth appearance
Needle breaking- use a new needle
Chain stitch - easy to remove on the
fabric Stitches skipping- attach the needle at
the correct side
Cross stitch - x-shaped stitches on the
fabric Irregular stitches- use the proper size of
needle and thread
Stitches looping- adjust the lower and
SEWING MACHINES upper tension
Lock stitch machines - operated by foot - Upper thread breaking - correct
domestic sewing machine threading
Under thread breaking- change the
throat plate
HIGH SPEED LOCKSTITCH SEWING
MACHINE
Over edging machine - finishing of the
garments
Embroidery machine - making fancy
stitch
Button holder machine - used for making
button holes
Button attachment machine - attaching
button on a garments
Double needle
Bar tacking machine- opening and
closing pockets
Remedies
