dsl LVMht+

2024 There is a technological company named ABC

Incorporated which is the second largest worldwide,
ç'u% ,chlh budkWiksjsVsM uke dh ,d rduhdh daiuh gS tks situated in the Third World. You are the Chief Executive
rhljh nqfu;k esa fLFkr] lalkj dh nwljh lclscM+h daiuh Officer and the majority shareholder of this company.
gSA vki bl daiuh ds eq[; dk;Zdkjh vfèkdkjh vkSj The fast technological improvements have raised
worries among environmental activists, regulatory
cgqla[;d 'ks;jèkkjd gSaA rs”kh ls gks jgs rduhdh lqèkkjksa
authorities, and the general public over the sustainability
us bl ifjn`'; dh èkkj.kh;rk ij i;kZoj.k dk;ZdÙkkZvksa] of this scenario. You confront substantial issues about
fu;ked çkfèkdj.kksa vkSj vketu ds chp fpark c<+k nh the business's environmental footprint. In 2023, your
gSA vki O;olk; ds i;kZoj.kh; infpÉ ds ckjs esa egÙoiw.kZ organization had a significant increase of 48% in
eqn~nksa dk lkeuk djrs gSaA 2023 esa] vkids laxBu esa 2019 greenhouse gas emissions compared to the levels
esa ntZ Lrjksa dh rqyuk esa xzhugkml xSl mRltZu esa 48% recorded in 2019. The significant rise in energy
consumption is mainly due to the surging energy
dh mYys[kuh; o`f¼ gqbZ gSA ÅtkZ [kir esa mYys[kuh; o`f¼ requirements of your data centers, fuelled by the
eq[; :i ls vkids MkVk dsaæksa dh c<+rh ÅtkZ vko';drk exponential expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
ds dkj.k gS tks Ñf=ke cqf¼eÙkk (AI) ds rst foLrkj ls AI-powered services need much more computational
çsfjr gSA AI&lapkfyr lsokvksa dks muds mYys[kuh; ykHk resources and electrical energy compared to conventional
ds ckotwn ikjaifjd vkWuykbu xfrfofèk;ksa dh rqyuk esa online activities, notwithstanding their notable gains.
cgqr vfèkd lax.kukRed lalkèkuksa vkSj fo|qr ÅtkZ dh The technology's proliferation has led to a growing
concern over the environmental repercussions, resulting
vko';drk gksrh gSA çkS|ksfxdh ds çlkj ls i;kZoj.kh; in an increase in warnings. Al models, especially those
çHkkoksa ij fpark c<+ xbZ gS] blds iQyLo:i psrkofu;k¡ used in extensive machine learning and data processing,
Hkh c<+ xbZ gSaA AI ekWMy] fo'ks"k :i ls O;kid e'khu exhibit much greater energy consumption than
yfu±x vkSj MkVk çkslsflax ds mi;ksx fd;s tkus okys] conventional computer tasks, with an exponential
ikjaifjd daI;wVj dk;ks± dh rqyuk esa cgqr vfèkd ÅtkZ increase.
[kir djrs gSa] ftlesa vR;fèkd rs”kh ls o`f¼ gksrh gSA Although there is already a commitment and goal to
achieve net zero emissions by 2030, the challenge of
;|fi] o"kZ 2030 rd usV ”khjks mRltZu gkfly djus dh lowering emissions seems overwhelming as the
çfrc¼rk vkSj y{; igys ls gh gS] mRltZu de djus dh integration of AI continues to increase. To achieve this
pqukSrh Hkkjh yxrh gS D;ksafd AI dk ,dhdj.k tkjh gSA goal, substantial investments in renewable energy use
bl y{; dks çkIr djus ds fy;s] uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ ds would be necessary. The difficulty is exacerbated by the
mi;ksx esa i;kZIr fuos'k vko';d gksxkA çkS|ksfxdh {ks=k ds competitive environment of the technology sector, where
rapid innovation is essential for preserving market
çfrLi¼hZ ekgkSy ls dfBukbZ vkSj c<+ xbZ gS] tgk¡ ck”kkj
standing and shareholders' worth. To achieve a balance
dh fLFkfr vkSj 'ks;jèkkjd ds ewY; dks cuk, j[kus ds fy;s between innovation, profitability and sustainability, a
rs”kh ls uokpkj vko';d gSA uokpkj] ykHkçnrk vkSj strategic move is necessary that is in line with both,
èkkj.kh;rk ds chp larqyu gkfly djus ds fy;s] ,d business objectives and ethical obligations.
j.kuhfrd dne vko';d gS tks O;kolkf;d mn~ns';ksa rFkk (a) What is your immediate response to the challenges posed
uSfrd nkf;Roksa] nksuksa ds vuq:i gksA in the above case?
(a) mi;ZqDr ekeys esa mRiUu pqukSfr;ksa ij vkidh rRdky (b) Discuss the ethical issues involved in the above case.
(c) Your company has been identified to be penalized by
çfrfØ;k D;k gS\
technological giants. What logical and ethical arguments
(b) mi;ZqDr ekeys esa 'kkfey uSfrd eqn~nksa ij ppkZ dhft;sA will you put forth to convince about its necessity?
(c) vkidh daiuh dks rduhdh fnXxtksa }kjk nafMr fd;s tkus (d) Being a conscience being, what measures would you
ds fy;s fpfÉr fd;k x;k gSA bldh vko';drk dks adopt to maintain balance between AI innovation and
le>kus ds fy;s vki D;k rkfdZd vkSj uSfrd rdZ nsaxs\ environmental footprint?
(d) ,d foosd'khy O;fDr gksus ds ukrs] vki AI uokpkj vkSj mÙkj% ,chlh budkWjiksjsVsM ds lhbZvks ds :i esa esjh rkRdkfyd
i;kZoj.kh; infpÉ ds chp larqyu cuk, j[kus ds fy;s dkjZokbZ] mRltZu dk vkdyu djus] usV ”khjks mRltZu y{;ksa ds fy;s
D;k mik; viuk,axs\ (mÙkj 250 'kCnksa esa nhft;s) çfrc¼rk] uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ lzksrksa ds lkFk lk>snkjh djus vkSj i;kZoj.k

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lacaèkh fparkvksa dks çHkkoh <ax ls lacksfèkr djus gsrq ÅtkZ&dq'ky AI z bZ&vif'k"V dks U;wure djus ds fy;s iqjkus cqfu;knh <k¡ps ds
çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds fy;s vuqlaèkku ,oa fodkl igy LFkkfir djus ij iqupZØ.k dks c<+kok nsus dk ç;kl d:¡xkA
dsafær gksxhA fu"d"kZ% AI uokpkj dks i;kZoj.kh; mÙkjnkf;Ro ds lkFk larqfyr
(a) ,chlh budkWjiksjsVsM ds lhbZvks ds :i esa] esjh rRdky djuk ,chlh budkWikZsjsVsM ds fy;s egÙoiw.kZ gSA èkkj.kh;rk dks
dkjZokbZ esa fuEufyf[kr 'kkfey gksaxs% çkFkfedrk nsdj vkSj fgrèkkjdksa dks 'kkfey djds] daiuh uSfrd
z mRltZu dk vkdyu% ifjpkyu ls lacafèkr çeq[k ;ksxnkudÙkkZvksa nkf;Roksa dks iwjk djrs gq, viuh çfrLi¼kZRed c<+r dks lqn`<+ dj
dh igpku djus ds fy;s xzhugkml xSl mRltZu esa 48% o`f¼ ldrh gS] ftlls gfjr Hkfo"; esa ;ksxnku fn;k ldrk gSA
ds lzksrksa dk fo'ys"k.k djukA ç'u% je.k ,d ofj"B vkbZih,l vfèkdkjh gSa vkSj gky gh esa
z èkkj.kh;rk ls lacafèkr çfrc¼rk% 2030 rd usV ”khjks mRltZu mUgsa ,d jkT; ds Mhth ds :i esa fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSA
y{;ksa dh çkfIr lqfuf'pr djuk ,oa çxfr esa rs”kh ykus ds mik;ksa ftu fofHkUu eqíksa vkSj leL;kvksa@pqukSfr;ksa ij mUgsa rRdky
dks ykxw djukA è;ku nsus dh vko';drk Fkh] muesa ,d vKkr vkradoknh
z uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ lk>snkjh% MkVk dsaæksa dh vko';drkvksa dks
lewg }kjk csjkstxkj ;qodksa dh HkrhZ ls lacafèkr eqík xaHkhj
èkkj.kh; lzksrksa esa çkIr djus ds fy;s uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ çnkrkvksa fpark dk fo"k; FkkA
ds lkFk Hkkxhnkjh djukA
;g ik;k x;k fd jkT; esa csjkstxkjh vis{kkÑr vfèkd FkhA
z vuqlaèkku ,oa fodkl igy% daI;wVs'kuy lalkèku mi;ksx dks
Lukrd vkSj mPp f'k{kk çkIr yksxksa ds chp csjkstxkjh dh
U;wure djus ds fy;s ÅtkZ&dq'ky AI çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds fuekZ.k
leL;k vkSj Hkh xaHkhj FkhA blfy;s os detksj vkSj vklku
ij dsafær ,d lefiZr Vhe dh LFkkiuk djukA
(b) 'kkfey uSfrd eqn~ns%
y{; FksA
z i;kZoj.kh; mÙkjnkf;Ro% ikfjfLFkfrd çHkko dks U;wure djukA MhvkbZth jsat vkSj mlds Åij ds ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ds
z fuxfer mÙkjnkf;Ro% lkekftd] fofu;ked vkSj i;kZoj.kh; lkFk mudh leh{kk cSBd esa ;g ckr lkeus vkbZ fd oSf'od
f”kEesnkfj;ksa ds lkFk ykHk dks larqfyr djukA Lrj ij ,d u;k vkradoknh lewg mHkjk gSA blus ;qok
z èkkj.kh;rk dh vuns[kh% AI uokpkj i;kZoj.k dks {kfr igq¡pk csjkstxkj yksxksa dh HkrhZ ds fy;s cM+s iSekus ij vfHk;ku
ldrk gSA pyk;k gSA fdlh fof'k"V leqnk; ls ;qokvksa dks pquus ds
z lkekftd mÙkjnkf;Ro% ,d rduhdh usr`RodÙkkZ ds :i esa fy;s fo'ks"k è;ku fn;k tk jgk FkkA mDr laxBu dk Li"V
ldkjkRed yksd èkkj.kk dks vkdkj nsukA mís'; vkradoknh xfrfofèk;ksa dks vatke nsus ds fy;s mudk
(c) laHkkfor naM dks de djus ds fy;s] eSa rdZ nw¡xk fd% mi;ksx djuk FkkA ;g Hkh irk pyk fd mDr (u;k) lewg
z usV ”khjks mRltZu vkSj èkkj.kh;rk ç;klksa ds çfr çfrc¼rk] tokcnsgh muds jkT; esa viuk tky iQSykus dh iwjh dksf'k'k dj jgk
dks çnf'kZr djrh gSA gSA
z ge ÅtkZ&dq'ky AI ekWMy fodflr djus esa m|ksx dk usr`Ro jkT; lhvkbZMh vkSj lkbcj lsy dks ,d fuf'pr@fo'oluh;
dj ldrs gSa vkSj ,d ldkjkRed mnkgj.k LFkkfir dj ldrs gSaA •qfiQ;k lwpuk feyh Fkh fd cM+h la[;k esa ,sls csjkstxkj
z i;kZoj.kh; y{;ksa ds vuq:i] èkkj.kh; çFkk,¡ vYidkfyd tqekZus ;qokvksa ls lks'ky ehfM;k vkSj LFkkuh; lkaçnkf;d laxBuksa
dh rqyuk esa vfèkd ykHk çnku djrh gSaA rFkk vU; laidks± ds ekè;e ls vkradoknh laxBu@lewg us
z lg;ksx dks c<+kok nsus ls naMkRed ds fcuk çHkkoh èkkj.kh;rk laidZ fd;k gSA le; dh ek¡x gS fd rsth ls dk;Zokgh dh
ekudksa dh LFkkiuk dh tk ldrh gSA tk, vkSj bu rÙoksa@;kstukvksa dks xaHkhj :i ysus ls igys
z fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa daifu;ksa ds lkeus vkus okyh fof'k"V pqukSfr;ksa gh jksd fn;k tk,A
dks Lohdkj djus ls fu"i{k ewY;kadu laHko gks ikrk gSA lkbcj lsy ds ekè;e ls iqfyl }kjk dh xbZ tk¡p ls irk
(d) i;kZoj.kh; fopkjksa ds lkFk AI uokpkj dks lqlaxr cukus pyk fd cM+h la[;k esa csjkstxkj ;qok iQslcqd] baLVkxzke
ds fy;s] eSa% vkSj fV~oVj ij cgqr lfØ; gSaA muesa ls dbZ vkSlru gj
z daIVs'kuy ÅtkZ dh vko';drkvksa dks de djus ds fy;s fnu 6&8 ?kaVs bysDVªkWfud fMokbl@baVjusV] vkfn dk
ÅtkZ&dq'ky AI ekWMy esa fuos'k djus dk çLrko j[kw¡xkA mi;ksx djrs gq, fcrk jgs FksA ;s Hkh irk pyk fd ,sls
z uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ lzksrksa dh vksj laØe.k rFkk ÅtkZ&dq'ky ç.kkfy;ksa csjkstxkj ;qok ml oSf'od vkradoknh lewg ds •kl
dk dk;kZUo;u lqfuf'pr d:¡xkA O;fDr;ksa (muds laidZ okys) ls çkIr lans'kksa dk leFkZu
z çR;{k mRltZu dks de djrs gq, dkcZu vkWiQlsV dk;ZØeksa esa vkSj lgkuqHkwfr fn•k jgs FksA muds lks'ky ehfM;k vdkmaV
'kkfey gksus dk çLrko j[kw¡xkA ls irk pyk fd ,sls lewgksa ds lkFk mudk xgjk tqM+ko
z ÅtkZ&dq'ky çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds uoçorZu ds fy;s vuqlaèkku laLFkkuksa gS] ;gk¡ rd fd muesa ls dbZ us vius okWV~l,i vkSj
ds lkFk lk>snkjh djus dk çLrko j[kw¡xkA iQslcqd] vkfn ij jk"Vª&fojksèkh V~ohV iQkWoZMZ djuk 'kq:
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 dj fn;k gSA ,slk yx jgk Fkk fd os mudh pky esa iQ¡l accounts revealed their strong affinity to such groups
x, vkSj vyxkooknh fopkjèkkjk dk çpkj djus yxs gSaA, inasmuch as many of them started forwarding anti-
national tweets on their WhatsApp and Facebook, etc.
muds iksLV ljdkj dh igyksa] uhfr;ksa dh vfr vkykspuk
It seemed that they,succumbed to their ploy and started
djus okyh Fks vkSj vfroknh ekU;rkvksa dks ekuus okys vkSj propagating secessionist ideology. Their posts were
mxzokn dks c<+kok nsus okyh FksA hyper-critical of the government's initiatives, policies
(a) mi;ZqDr fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s je.k ds ikl D;k and subscribing to extreme beliefs and promoting
fodYi miyCèk gSa\ extremism. Power tactics
(a) What are the options available to Raman to tackle the
(b) vki ekStwnk O;oLFkk dks etcwr djus ds fy;s D;k
above situation?
mik; lq>k,¡xs rkfd ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk lds fd (b) What measures would you suggest for strengthening
,sls lewg jkT; esa ?kqliSB djus vkSj ekgkSy •jkc djus the existing set-up to ensure that such groups do not
esa liQy u gks ldsa\ succeed in penetrating 'and vitiating the atmosphere in
the state?
(c) mi;ZqDr ifjn`'; esa] iqfyl cy dh •qfiQ;k tkudkjh
(c) In the above scenario, what action plan would you advise
,d=k djus dh ç.kkyh dks c<+kus ds fy;s vki D;k for enhancing the intelligence gathering mechanism of
dk;Z ;kstuk lq>k,¡xs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) the police force?
Raman is a senior IPS officer and has recently been
mÙkj % uofu;qDr egkfuns'kd ds :i esa jeu ds le{k ,d
posted as D.G. of a state. Among the various issues and
problems/challenges which needed his immediate oSf'od pjeiaFkh lewg }kjk csjks”kxkj ;qokvksa dh vkradokn ds :i
attention, the issue relating to recruitment of unemployed esa HkrhZ dks jksduk ,d xaHkhj pqukSrh gSA bl ifjfLFkfr esa lewg dks
youth by an unknown terrorist group, was a matter of viuk çHkko iQSykus vkSj jkT; ds lkekftd <k¡ps dks vfLFkj djus ls
grave concern.
jksdus ds fy;s rRdky dkjZokbZ dh vko';drk gSA
It was noted that unemployment was relatively high in
the state. The problem of unemployment amongst (a) jeu ds fy;s miyCèk fodYi
graduates and those with higher education was much z lkbcj fuxjkuh% 'kh?kz gLr{ksi ds fy;s pjeiaFkh [kkrksa ij u”kj
more grave. Thus they were vulnerable and soft targets.
j[kus gsrq lks'ky ehfM;k ij fuxjkuh j[kukA
In the review meeting taken by him with senior officers
of DIG Range and above, it came to light that a new z [kqfiQ;k lg;ksx% okLrfod le; dh vkradoknh [kqfiQ;k tkudkjh
terrorist group has emerged at the global level. It has ds fy;s jkW vkSj vkbZch tSlh ,tsafl;ksa ds lkFk dke djukA
launched a massive drive to recruit young unemployed
z tu tkx:drk% ;qokvksa dks mxzokn ds [krjksa ds ckjs esa f'kf{kr
people. Special focus was to pick young people from a
particular community. The said organisation seemed to djus ds fy;s vfHk;ku pykukA
have the clear objective e of utilising/using them for z dV~VjiaFk ls eqfDr% pjeiaFkh vk[;kuksa dk lkeuk djus ds fy;s
carrying out militant activities. It was also gathered that èkkfeZd vkSj lkeqnkf;d usrkvksa ds lkFk lk>snkjh djukA
the said (new) group is desperately trying to spread its
tentacles in his state. z fofèkd çorZu% vkradokn fojksèkh nLrksa dks rSukr djuk vkSj
A definite/reliable intelligence tip was received by the ;w,ih, ds rgr Rofjr dkjZokbZ djukA
State CID and Cyber Cell that a large number of such (b) ekStwnk O;oLFkk dks lqn`<+ djus ds mik;
unemployed youth have already been contacted by the
terrorist outfit/group through social media and local z lkbcj baVsfytsal dks c<+kok% vkWuykbu vkradoknh VªSfdax ds
communal organisations and other contacts. The need fy;s mUur rduhd ds lkFk lkbcj lsy dks mUur djuk rFkk
of the hour was to act swiftly and to check these fMftVy lk{; gSaMfyax vkSj lks'ky ehfM;k fo'ys"k.k ds fy;s
elements/designs before they assume serious proportions.
dfeZ;ksa dks çf'kf{kr djukA
Discrete inquiries made by the police, through the
Cyber Cell, revealed that good numbers of unemployed z lkeqnkf;d lgHkkfxrk% ;qokvksa dh dV~Vjrk dk lkeuk djus
youth are very active on Facebook, Instagram and vkSj lekosf'krk dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s usrkvksa rFkk xSj&ljdkjh
Twitter. On an average, many of them were spending laxBuksa ds lkFk lg;ksx djukA
6-8 hours each day, using electronic devices/internet,
etc. It also came to light that such unemployed youth
z ;qok jks”kxkj% ;qokvksa esa mxzokn ds çfr laosnu'khyrk dks de
were showing sympathy and endorsing the messages djus ds fy;s dkS'ky fodkl vkSj m|ferk dk;ZØe 'kq: djukA
received from certain persons, allegedly the contact z iQthZ [kcjksa dks jksduk% xyr lwpuk vkSj nq"çpkj ds çlkj ls
persons of that global terrorist group. Their social media fuiVus ds fy;s rF;&tk¡p bdkb;ksa dks e”kcwr djukA

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z ,tsafl;ksa ds lkFk leUo;% fuckZèk lwpuk&lk>kdj.k vkSj ,dhÑr fn;kA ryk'kh ds nkSjku] mudh Vhe lHkh uDlfy;ksa ij
jk"Vªh; lqj{kk ç;klksa ds fy;s [kqfiQ;k ,tsafl;ksa (NATGRID) ds Lopkfyr gfFk;kjksa ds lkFk dkcw ikus esa dke;kc jghA
chp leUo; c<+kukA gkyk¡fd] bl chp ik¡p lkS ls vfèkd vkfnoklh efgykvksa
(c) [kqfiQ;k tkudkjh ,df=kr djus gsrq dk;Z ;kstuk us xk¡o dks ?ksj fy;k vkSj y{; ?kj dh vksj ekpZ djuk
z HUMINT usVodZ dk foLrkj% xfrfofèk;ksa vkSj laHkkfor HkfrZ;ksa 'kq: dj fn;kA os fpYyk jgh Fkha vkSj miæfo;ksa dh rRdky
ds ckjs esa çR;{k tkudkjh ,d=k djus ds fy;s lqHks| leqnk;ksa ds fjgkbZ dh ek¡x dj jgh Fkha D;ksafd os muds laj{kd vkSj
Hkhrj [kqfiQ;k vfHkdÙkkZvksa dh la[;k c<+kukA m¼kjd gSaA,tehuh gkykr cgqr xaHkhj gksrs tk jgs Fks D;ksafd
vkfnoklh efgyk,¡ vR;ar mÙksftr vkSj vkØked FkhaA jksfgr
z çkS|ksfxdh vkSj MkVk ,ukysfll% lks'ky ehfM;k dh fuxjkuh]
us vius mPp vfèkdkjh] jkT; ds vkbZth (Lis'ky
HkrhZ iSVuZ vkSj laHkkfor [krjksa dh igpku ds fy;s AI rFkk MkVk
vkWijs'kUl) ls jsfM;ks lsV vkSj eksckby iQksu ls laidZ
,ukysfll dk mi;ksx djukA
LFkkfir djuk pkgk] ysfdu detksj dusfDVfoVh ds dkj.k
z lkeqnkf;d iqfyflax% ukxfjdksa dks lafnXèk xfrfofèk;ksa dh lwpuk
oSlk dj ikus esa os vliQy jgsA jksfgr dh cM+h nqfoèkk Fkh
nsus ds fy;s çksRlkfgr djuk] ”kehuh Lrj ij Hkkxhnkjh ds ekè;e
fd idM+s x, uDlfy;ksa esa nks u dsoy pksVh ds dêðj
ls 'kh?kz irk yxkukA
mxziaFkh Fks] ftuds flj ij nl yk• #i;ksa dk buke Fkk]
z çf'k{k.k vkSj {kerk fuekZ.k% [kqfiQ;k tkudkjh ,df=kr djus]
cfYd os gky gh esa lqj{kk cyksa ij ?kkr yxkdj fd, x,
lkbcj tk¡p vkSj fMftVy lk{; çcaèku esa fo'ks"k çf'k{k.k çnku geys esa Hkh 'kkfey FksA gkyk¡fd] vxj uDlfy;ksa dks ugha
djuk] lalkèku&lk>kdj.k ds fy;s varj&,tsalh lg;ksx dks NksM+k x;k rks fLFkfr fu;a=k.k ls ckgj gks ldrh FkhA ;g
c<+kok nsukA blfy;s fd vkfnoklh efgyk,¡ vkØked :i ls mudh
fu"d"kZ% je.k dks uSfrd f”kEesnkjh ds lkFk fofèkd çorZu dks vksj c<+ jgh FkhaA ml fLFkfr esa] gkykr dks fu;af=kr djus
larqfyr djuk gksxk] de”kksj ;qokvksa dh lqj{kk djrs gq, muds vfèkdkjksa ds fy;s jksfgr dks xksyhckjh dk lgkjk ysuk iM+ ldrk gS]
dk lEeku djuk gksxkA leqnk;ksa dks 'kkfey djds vkSj çkS|ksfxdh dk ftlls ukxfjdksa dh cs'kdherh tku tk ldrh gS ,oa fLFkfr
ykHk mBkdj] og vkradokn dk lkeuk dj ldrs gSa rFkk lekos'kh vkSj Hkh xaHkhj gks tk,xhA
lkekftd fodkl dks c<+kok ns ldrs gSaA (a) bl fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s jksfgr ds ikl dkSu&ls fodYi
iz'u% fiNys dqN o"kks± esa] fo'ks"k :i ls] dsUæ vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa miyCèk gSa\
dh cgqvk;keh j.kuhfr ds pyrs ns'k ds çHkkfor jkT;ksa esa (b) jksfgr dks fdu uSfrd nqfoèkkvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk
uDlyh leL;k dk dkiQh gn rd fujkdj.k gqvk gSA gS\
gkyk¡fd] dqN jkT;ksa esa dbZ bykds ,sls gSa tgk¡ uDlyh (c) vkids vuqlkj jksfgr ds fy;s dkSu&lk fodYi viukuk
leL;k vHkh Hkh eq[; :i ls fons'kh ns'kksa dh n•yvankth vfèkd mi;qDr gksxk vkSj D;ksa\
ds dkj.k cuh gqbZ gSA jksfgr fiNys ,d lky ls fdlh ftys
(d) ekStwnk fLFkfr esa] efgyk çn'kZudkfj;ksa ds lkFk iqfyl }kjk
esa ,lih (Lis'ky vkWijs'ku) ds in ij rSukr gSa] tks vHkh
D;k vfrfjDr ,gfr;krh dne mBk, tkus pkfg;s\
Hkh uDlyh leL;k ls çHkkfor gSA ftyk ç'kklu us yksxksa
dk fny vkSj fnekx thrus ds fy;s gky ds fnuksa esa uDly  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
With multipronged strategy of the Central and State
çHkkfor bykdksa esa dbZ fodklewyd dk;Z viuk, gSaA fiNys
Governments specially in the last few years, the naxalite
dqN le; ls] jksfgr us uDlyh dSMj dh xfrfofèk;ksa ds problem has been resolved to a large extent in the
ckjs esa okLrfod le; dh tkudkjh çkIr djus ds fy;s affected states of the country. However, there are a few
,d mRÑ"V •qfiQ;k usVodZ LFkkfir fd;k gSA turk esa pockets in certain states where naxalite problem still
fo'okl txkus vkSj uDlfy;ksa ij uSfrd çHkqRo trkus ds persists, mainly due to involvement of foreign countries.
Rohit is posted as SP (Special Operations) for the last
fy;s iqfyl }kjk dbZ txg ?ksjkcanh vkSj ryk'kh vfHk;ku one year, in one of the districts which is still affected by
pyk;k tk jgk gSA jksfgr Lo;a ,d VqdM+h dk usr`Ro dj the naxalite problem. The district administration has
jgs FksA mUgsa vius •qfiQ;k lw=k ds ekè;e ls lans'k feyk taken a lot of developmental works in the recent past
fd yxHkx nl dêðj uDlyh vR;kèkqfud gfFk;kjksa ds lkFk in the naxalite affected areas to win the hearts and minds
of the people. Over a period of time, Rohit has
fo'ks"k xk¡o esa fNis gq, FksA fcuk dksbZ le; x¡ok,] jksfgr
established an excellent intelligence network to get the
us viuh Vhe ds lkFk ml •kl xk¡o esa igq¡p dj iw.kZ real time information regarding the movement of
lqj{kk dk ?ksjk cuk;k rFkk O;ofLFkr ryk'kh ysuk 'kq: dj naxalite cadre. To instill confidence in the public and

551
 have moral ascendancy over the naxalites, a number of z ;fn okrkZ foiQy gks tkrh gS] rc og ruko dks c<+us ls jksdus ds
cordons and search operations are being conducted by fy;s lkoèkkuhiwoZd xSj&?kkrd rjhdksa dk mi;ksx dj ldrk gSA
the police. Rohit, who himself was leading one of the
z og fLFkfr dks 'kkar djus ds fy;s vkWijs'ku jksd ldrs Fks vkSj
contingents got a message though his intelligence source
that about ten hard core naxalites were hiding in a vius ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ls oSdfYid laokn LFkkfir dj ldrs FksA
particular village with sophisticated weapons. Without (b) jksfgr ds lkeus uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡%
wasting any time, Rohit reached the target village with z lkoZtfud fo'okl cuke dkuwu çorZu% fgald Vdjko ljdkj ds
his team and laid out a foolproof cordon and started fodkl ç;klksa esa turk ds fo'okl dks de”kksj dj ldrk gSA
carrying out a systematic search. During the search, his
team managed to overpower all the naxalites along with z vYidkfyd 'kkafr cuke nh?kZdkfyd U;k;% uDlfy;ksa dks fjgk
their automatic weapons. ,However, in the meantime, djus ls vLFkk;h jkgr fey ldrh gS] ysfdu nh?kZdkfyd U;k;
more than five hundred tribal women surrounded the [krjs esa iM+ ldrk gSA
village and started marching towards the target house. z efgykvksa dk fojksèk cuke lkoZtfud lqj{kk% efgykvksa dh
They were shouting and demanding the immediate mifLFkfr uSfrd nqfoèkk dks tfVy cukrh gS] D;ksafd cy dk
release of insurgents since they are their protectors and
saviours. The situation on the ground was becoming
ç;ksx de”kksj lewg ds fo#¼ lÙkk ds nq#i;ksx ds :i esa ekuk
very critical as the tribal women were extremely agitated tk ldrk gSA
and aggressive. Rohit tried to contact his superior officer, (c) jksfgr ds fy;s lcls mi;qDr fodYi%
IG (Special Operations) of the state on the radio set and z jksfgr dks ckrphr dks çkFkfedrk nsuh pkfg;s] vius [kqfiQ;k usVodZ
on mobile phone, but failed to do so due to poor dk ç;ksx djds vkfnoklh efgykvksa ls laidZ djuk pkfg;s] lkFk
connectivity Rohit was in great dilemma since out of
gh xSj&?kkrd HkhM+ fu;a=k.k mik;ksa dks viukuk pkfg;sA blls ruko
the naxalites apprehended, two were not only hard core
top insurgents with prize money of ten lakhs on their de gksxk] fo'okl c<+sxk vkSj fgalk ls cpk tk ldsxk] 'kkafriw.kZ
heads, but were also involved in a recent ambush on the lekèkku dks c<+kok feysxk rFkk lkFk gh ;g lqfuf'pr gksxk fd
security forces. However, if he did not release the foæksgh fgjklr esa jgsa] ftlls leqnk; ds çfr lEeku çnf'kZr gksxkA
naxalites, the situation could get out of control since the (d) efgyk çn'kZudkfj;ksa ls fuiVus esa vfrfjDr ,gfr;krh
tribal women were aggressively charging towards them.
mik;%
In that case, to control the situation Rohit might have
z efgyk çn'kZudkfj;ksa ls lgkuqHkwfriwoZd fuiVus ds fy;s vfèkdkfj;ksa
to resort to firing which may lead to valuable loss of
lives of civilians and would further complicate the dks ySafxd laosnu'khyrk çf'k{k.k fn;k tkuk pkfg;sA iqfyl dks
situation. ,slh dkjZokb;ksa ls cpuk pkfg;s tks fLFkfr dks HkM+dk ldrh gSa
(a) What are the options available with Rohit to cope ;k c<+k ldrh gSaA
with the situation? z HkhM+ esa efgykvksa ds lkFk ckrphr djus ds fy;s efgyk vfèkdkfj;ksa
(b) What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by Rohit? dks rSukr djus] ftlls ruko de djus vkSj fo'okl c<+kus esa
(c) Which of the options, do you think, would be more enn fey ldrh gSA
appropriate for Rohit to adopt and why?
z fLFkfr dks 'kkar djus ds fy;s viuh 'kfDr dk ç;ksx djrs gq,]
(d) In the present situation, what are the extra
precautionary measures to be taken by the police LFkkuh; usrkvksa dks eè;LFkrk ds ekè;e ls HkhM+ dks 'kkar djus
in dealing with women protesters? esa 'kkfey gksuk pkfg;sA
mÙkj % dV~Vj uDlfy;ksa dh fxjÝrkjh ls ukjkt vkfnoklh efgykvksa fu"d"kZ% jksfgr dks dkuwu çorZu vkSj turk ds fo'okl ds chp
dk ,d lewg fgald gksus dh èkedh nsrk gS] tks uDlyokn ls ihfM+r larqyu cukuk gksxkA ckrphr vkSj lkeqnkf;d lgHkkfxrk dks çkFkfedrk
f”kys ds ,lih jksfgr ds fy;s ,d xaHkhj [krjk gSA lkoZtfud lqj{kk] nsdj] og fgalk dks jksd ldrk gS rFkk fLFkjrk dks c<+kok ns ldrk
lkeqnkf;d lacaèkksa vkSj dkuwuh çorZu gsrq] mls viuh çfrfØ;k esa gS] ftlls çHkkoh iqfyflax ,oa LFkk;h 'kkafr lqfuf'pr gks ldsA
j.kuhfrd :i ls dk;Z djuk pkfg;sA iz'u% Lusgk ,d ofj"B çcaèkd gSa tks ,d eè;e vkdkj okys
(a) jksfgr ds ikl miyCèk fodYi% 'kgj esa ,d cM+h çfrf"Br vLirky J`a•yk ds fy;s dke
z jksfgr vius [kqfiQ;k usVodZ dk mi;ksx uDlfy;ksa ds vijkèkksa djrh gSaA mUgsa ,d u, lqij Lisf'k;fyVh lsaVj dk çHkkjh
vkSj leqnk; ds fy;s muds [krjs dks le>kus ds fy;s dj ldrs cuk;k x;k gS ftls vLirky vR;kèkqfud midj.kksa vkSj
gSa] ftldk mn~ns'; çn'kZudkfj;ksa dks 'kkar djuk gSA fo'oLrjh; fpfdRlk lqfoèkkvksa ds lkFk cuk jgk gSA Hkou
z jksfgr fupys Lrj ds mxzokfn;ksa dks fjgk dj ldrs gSa] tcfd dk iqufuZekZ.k fd;k x;k gS vkSj og fofHkUu midj.kksa vkSj
'kh"kZ Lrj ds mxzokfn;ksa dks vLFkk;h le>kSrs ds fy;s fgjklr esa e'khuksa dh •jhn dh çfØ;k 'kq: dj jgh gSaA •jhn ds
j[k ldrs gSaA fy;s f”kEesnkj lfefr ds çeq• ds :i esa mUgksaus fpfdRlk

552
 midj.kksa dk dkjksckj djus okys lHkh çfrf"Br bPNqd z vius HkkbZ dh mEehnokjh ls mRiUu fgrksa ds Vdjko dk gokyk
foØsrkvksa ls cksfy;k¡ vkeaf=kr dh gSaA mUgksaus ns•k fd mudk nsrs gq,] mUgksaus [kjhn lfefr ls R;kx&i=k ns nsuk pfg;sA
HkkbZ] tks bl {ks=k esa ,d çfl¼ vkiwfrZdrkZ gS] us Hkh viuh z vLirky ç'kklu dks ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls voxr djkus ds lkFk [kjhn
#fp O;Dr dh gSA pw¡fd vLirky futh LokfeRo esa gS] çfØ;k dh fuxjkuh ds fy;s ,d fu"i{k lfefr xfBr djus dk
blfy;s muds fy;s dsoy de cksyh yxkus okys dks pquuk vuqjksèk djsaA
vfuok;Z ugha gSA blds vykok mUgsa Kkr gS fd muds HkkbZ z lqfuf'pr djsa fd cksyh çfØ;k iwjh rjg ikjn'khZ gks vkSj çR;sd
dh daiuh dqN foÙkh; dfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk dj jgh gS
foØsrk dks leku egÙo fn;k tk,A
vkSj cM+h vkiwfrZ dk ,d vkns'k mls mckjus esa lgk;rk
(b) Lusgk bl ckr ij ”kksj nsdj vius dk;ks± dks mfpr Bgjk
djsxkA lkFk gh muds HkkbZ dks vuqcaèk vkcafVr djuk] muds
ldrh gS%
f•ykiQ i{kikr dk vkjksi gks ldrk gS vkSj mudh Nfo
z uSfrd mÙkjnkf;Ro% [kjhn lfefr dh vè;{k ds :i esa mudh
•jkc dj ldrk gSA vLirky çcaèku mu ij iwjk Hkjkslk
djrk gS vkSj muds fdlh Hkh iQSlys dk leFkZu djsxkA igyh f”kEesnkjh vLirky vkSj mlds ejhtksa ds çfr gSA
z ikjnf'kZrk% og fgrksa ds Vdjko dh ?kks"k.kk djds vLirky ds
(a) Lusgk dks D;k djuk pkfg;s\
(b) og tks djuk pkgrh gSa mls dSls mfpr fl¼ djsaxh\
dfeZ;ksa vkSj çcaèku dk fo'okl cuk, j[krh gSA
z fu"i{krk% Lo;a dks blls vyx djus ls lHkh ds fy;s fu"i{k
(c) bl ekeys esa] fpfdRlk uSfrdrk dSls fufgr O;fDrxr
fgr ls ;qDr gS\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
p;u çfØ;k lqfuf'pr gksrh gSA
Sneha is a Senior Manager working for a big reputed z O;kolkf;drk% muds dk;Z vLirky dh çfr"Bk vkSj lR;fu"Bk
hospital chain in a mid-sized city. She has been made dks cuk, j[kus ds çfr çfrc¼rk dks çnf'kZr djrs gSaA
in-charge of the new super speciality center that the
(c) bl ekeys esa varfuZfgr fpfdRlk uSfrdrk dks fuEufyf[kr
hospital is building with state-of-the art equipment and
world class medical facilities- The building has been }kjk pqukSrh nh xbZ gS%
reconstructed and she is starting the process of z laHkkfor iwokZxzg% ;gk¡ rd fd ;g lw{e :i ls] Lusgk dk
procurement for various equipment and machines. As O;fDrxr lacaèk fu.kZ; ysus dh çfØ;k dks çHkkfor dj ldrk gSA
the head of the committee responsible for procurement,
z jksxh ns[kHkky esa le>kSrk% xq.koÙkk dh vis{kk çfr"Bk ds vkèkkj
she has invited bids from all the interested reputed
vendors dealing in medical equipment. She notices that ij midj.kksa dk p;u djus ls fpfdRlh; lsokvksa }kjk çnku dh
her brother, who is a well-known supplier in this tkus okyh ns[kHkky dk Lrj çHkkfor gks ldrk gSA
domain, has also sent his expression of interest. Since z in dk nq#i;ksx% vius ifjokj ds fdlh lnL; dks ykHk igq¡pkus
the hospital is privately owned, it is not mandatory for
her to select only the lower bidder. Also, she is aware ds fy;s vius vfèkdkj dk ç;ksx djus ls lÙkk dk nq#i;ksx gksxkA
that her brother's company has been facing some z fo'okl esa deh% ;fn ;g fLFkfr lkeus vk tk, rks blls vLirky
financial difficulties and a big supply order will help dh dk;Zç.kkyh esa turk dk fo'okl [kRe gks ldrk gSA
him recover. At the same time, allocating the contract fu"d"kZ% ,d fo'oluh; LokLF; lsok okrkoj.k] uSfrd fl¼karksa
to her brother might bring charges of favouritism
against her and tarnish her image The hospital
dk ikyu djus okyh [kjhn çfØ;k ij fuHkZj djrk gSA ikjnf'kZrk ,oa
management trusts her fully and would support any lekurk dks c<+kok nsus ds ekè;e ls Lusgk }kjk vLirky esa xq.koÙkkiw.kZ
decision of hers. jksxh ns[kHkky ds lkFk&lkFk turk ds fo'okl esa o`f¼ dj ldrk gSA
(a) What should be Sneha's course of action? iz'u% bl o"kZ vlkèkkj.k :i ls Hkh"k.k xehZ gksus ds dkj.k] f”kys
(b) How would she justify what she chooses to do? dks ikuh dh ?kksj deh dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gSA f”kyk
(c) In this case, how is medical ethics compromised with dysDVj f”kys dks xaHkhj is;ty ladV ls mckjus gsrq 'ks"k
vested personal interest?
ty HkaMkj dks lajf{kr djus ds fy;s vius vèkhuLFk
mÙkj % fo'ks"k :i ls LokLF; lsok m|ksx esa] tgk¡ fu"i{krk vkSj vfèkdkfj;ksa dks lfØ; dj jgs gSaA ty laj{k.k ds fy;s
lR;fu"Bk jksxh ns[kHkky ekudksa ,oa fo'okl dks cuk, j[kus ds fy;s tkx:drk vfHk;ku ds lkFk&lkFk Hkwty ds vR;fèkd nksgu
egÙoiw.kZ gSa] O;fDrxr lacaèkksa ,oa O;kolkf;d nkf;Roksa ds chp laHkkfor dks jksdus ds fy;s l[r dne mBk, x, gSaA xk¡oksa dk nkSjk
la?k"kZ [kjhn fu.kZ;ksa ds lanHkZ esa uSfrd ekudksa dks xaHkhj :i ls de”kksj djus gsrq lrdZrk ny rSukr fd;s x, gSaA flapkbZ ds fy;s
dj ldrk gSA xgjs cksjosy vFkok unh tyk'k; ls ikuh [khapus okys
(a) O;kolkf;d bZekunkjh vkSj uSfrd O;ogkj Lusgk dh lokZsPp fdlkuksa dh f'kuk[r dh tk jgh gSA ,slh dkjZokbZ ls fdlku
çkFkfedrk gksuh pkfg;sA mls fuEufyf[kr fodYiksa dk p;u vkØks'k esa vk tkrs gSaA fdlkuksa dk ,d çfrfufèkeaMy
djuk pfg;s% vius eqn~nksa dks ysdj f”kyk dysDVj ls feyrk gS vkSj
553
 f'kdk;r djrk gS fd tgk¡ mUgsa viuh iQly dh flapkbZ jgk gSA fdlku ç'kklu ij m|ksxksa ds çfr i{kikr djus dk vkjksi
dh vuqefr ugha nh tk jgh gS] ogha unh ds ikl fLFkr cM+s yxkrs gSa] tcfd jks”kxkj dh fparkvksa ds dkj.k vkS|ksfxd lapkyu dks
m|ksx viuh vkS|ksfxd çfØ;kvksa ds fy;s xgjs cksjosy ds jksdk ugha tk ldrkA
ekè;e ls Hkkjh ek=kk esa ikuh [khap jgs gSaA fdlkuksa dk (a) fT+kyk eftLVªsV ds :i esa fT+kyk dysDVj (DC) ds fy;s
vkjksi gS fd mudk ç'kklu fdlku fojksèkh vkSj Hkz"V gS] miyCèk lHkh fodYiA
ftls m|ksx }kjk fj'or nh tk jgh gSA f”kyksa dks] fdlkuksa z ty çfrcaèk ykxw djuk% fdlkuksa vkSj m|ksxksa nksuksa ds fy;s ty
dks 'kkar djus dh ”k:jr gS D;ksafd os yacs le; rd laj{k.k mik;ksa dks l[rh ls ykxw djukA
fojksèk çn'kZu djus dh èkedh ns jgs gSaA ogha f”kyk dysDVj
z m|ksxksa ij vLFkk;h çfrcaèk% ty mi;ksx ij vLFkk;h lhek,¡
dks ty ladV ls fuiVuk Hkh gksxkA m|ksx dks can ugha
ykxw djuk vkSj m|ksxksa dks dq'ky ty&mi;ksx çkS|ksfxfd;k¡ viukus
fd;k tk ldrk D;ksfa d blls cM+h la[;k esa Jfed csjks”kxkj
gks tk,axsA esa lgk;rk djukA
z U;k;la x r ty forj.k% la H kor% jk'kfua x ;k ty&cpr
(a) ,d f”kyk eftLVªsV ds :i esa f”kyk dysDVj ds fy;s
miyCèk lHkh fodYiksa ij ppkZ dhft;sA çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds ekè;e ls] mfpr ty forj.k ds fy;s fdlkuksa
(b) fgrèkkjdksa ds ijLij vuqdwy fgrksa dks è;ku esa j[krs gq,
vkSj m|ksxksa ds chp ckrphr dks lqfoèkktud cukukA
dkSu&lh mfpr dkjZokb;k¡ dh tk ldrh gSa\ z oSdfYid ty lzksr% vkl&ikl ds f”kyksa ls ty ifjogu] o"kkZ

(c) f”kyk dysDVj ds fy;s laHkkfor ç'kklfud vkSj uSfrd ty lap;u] m|ksxksa esa iqupZØ.k] ;k cká lzksr dk mi;ksx tSls
nqfoèkk,¡ D;k gSa\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad) fodYiksa dk irk yxkukA
With the summer heat being exceptionally severe this (b) fgrèkkjdksa ds ikjLifjd :i ls lqlaxr fgrksa dks è;ku esa
year, the district has been facing severe water shortage. j[krs gq, D;k mi;qDr dkjZokbZ dh tk ldrh gS\
The District Collector has been mobilizing his
z lerkewyd ty forj.k% Ñf"k vkSj m|ksxksa ds fy;s ty jk'kfuax
subordinate officials to conserve the remaining water
reserves for preventing the district from plunging into dks ykxw djuk] ty&dq'ky çkS|ksfxfd;ksa rFkk lhfer flapkbZ dks
acute drinking water crisis. Along with an awareness çksRlkfgr djukA
campaign, for conserving water, (strict measures have
z ty laj{k.k dks c<+kok nsuk% fdlkuksa dks fMªi flapkbZ viukus
been taken for stopping the over-exploitation of ground-
water. Vigilance teams have been deployed to tour the ds fy;s çksRlkgu çnku djuk rFkk m|ksxksa dks vif'k"V ty dk
villages and find the farmers who are drawing water iqupZØ.k djus ds fy;s çksRlkfgr djukA
from deep borewells or from the river reservoir for z tu tkx:drk% lkewfgd f”kEesnkjh dks mtkxj djus vkSj
irrigation. The farmers are agitated by such action. A
delegation of farmers meets the District Collector with fdlkuksa dh fujk'kk dks de djus ds fy;s ty laj{k.k vfHk;kuksa
their issues and complains that while they are not being dk foLrkj djukA
allowed to irrigate their crops. big industries located z f'kdk;r fuokj.k% lapkj dks c<+kok nsus vkSj fooknksa ds fuiVku
near the river are drawing huge amounts of water
through deep borewells for their industrial processes.
ds fy;s fdlkuksa rFkk m|ksxksa ds fy;s ,d cgq&fgrèkkjd eap
The farmers allege that their administration is anti- dh LFkkiuk djukA
farmer and corrupt, being bribed by the industry. The (c) fT+kyk dysDVj ds fy;s laHkkfor ç'kklfud vkSj uSfrd
district needs to placate the farmers as they are
nqfoèkk,¡ D;k gSa\
threatening to go on a prolonged protest. At the same
time, the District Collector has to deal with the water z lerk cuke n{krk% dysDVj dks vkfFkZd mRikndrk ls le>kSrk
crisis. The industry cannot be closed as this would result fd;s fcuk fdlkuksa vkSj m|ksxksa ds chp mfpr ty forj.k dks
in a large number of workers being unemployed. larqfyr djuk pkfg;sA fdlh ,d dk i{k ysus ls vdq'kyrk ;k
(a) Discuss all options available to the District Collector as
i{kikr dh vk'kadk gks ldrh gSA
a District Magistrate.
(b) What suitable actions can be taken in view of mutually z fdlkuksa ds fgr cuke vkS|ksfxd fgr% fdlkuksa vkSj m|ksxksa
compatible interests of the stakeholders? nksuksa dh ty vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus esa pqukSrh gS] D;ksafd
(c) What are the potential administrative and ethical fdlh ,d dk i{k ysus ls nwljs lewg esa v'kkafr iSnk gks ldrh gSA
dilemmas for the District Collector? z ikjnf'kZrk cuke Hkz"Vkpkj% fdlkuksa dh i{kikr vkSj Hkz"Vkpkj
mÙkj % Hkwty mi;ksx ij çfrcaèkksa dks ysdj fdlkuksa ds fojksèk lacaèkh fparkvksa dk lekèkku djrs gq, ikjnf'kZrk lqfuf'pr djuk
çn'kZu ds chp f”kyk dysDVj (DC) ikuh dh xaHkhj deh ls tw> dysDVj ds fy;s ,d çeq[k uSfrd nqfoèkk gSA

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z lkoZtfud fo'okl cuke nh?kZdkfyd fLFkjrk% dysDVj dks Dr. Srinivasan's team to expedite the trials for the drug
Hkfo"; esa ladVksa dks jksdus ds fy;s LFkk;h ty çcaèku ds lkFk as there is significant market for it, and the company
wants to get the first-mover advantage in the market.
rRdky lkoZtfud ekaxksa dks larqfyr djuk pkfg;sA vYidkfyd During a team meeting, some senior team members
ykHk ls nh?kZdkfyd fLFkjrk çHkkfor ugha gksuh pkfg;sA suggest some shortcut for expediting the clinical trials
fu"d"kZ% bl eqn~ns dk lekèkku djus rFkk turk ds fo'okl vkSj for the drug and for getting the requisite approvals.
These include manipulating data to exclude some
vkfFkZd fLFkjrk dks cuk, j[kus ds fy;s] f”kyk dysDVj dks ty negative outcomes and selectively reporting positive
lalkèkuksa ds U;k;laxr forj.k dh xkjaVh nsuh pkfg;s] fgrèkkjdksa ds results, foregoing the process of informed consent and
chp laokn dks çksRlkfgr djuk pkfg;s rFkk ty&cpr çkS|ksfxfd;ksa using compounds already patented by a rival company,
rather than developing one's own component. Dr.
dks ykxw djuk pkfg;sA Srinivasan is not comfortable taking such shortcuts, at
iz'u% MkW- Jhfuoklu ,d çfrf"Br tSo çkS|ksfxdh daiuh esa the same time he realises meeting the targets is
dk;Zjr ,d ofj"B oSKkfud gSaA ;g daiuh iQkekZL;qfVdy impossible without using these means.
esa vius vR;kèkqfud 'kksèk ds fy;s tkuh tkrh gSA MkW- (a) What would you do in such a situation?
Jhfuoklu fdlh ubZ nok ij dke djus okyh ,d 'kksèk (b) Examine your options and consequences in the light of
the ethical questions involved.
Vhe dk usr`Ro dj jgs gSa] ftldk mís'; ,d u, okbjl
(c) How can data ethics and drug ethics save humanity at
(fo"kk.kq) ls rsth ls iQSyus okys laØfer jksx dk bykt large in such a scenario?
djuk gSA ;g chekjh nqfu;k Hkj esa rsth ls iQSy jgh gS vkSj
ns'k esa blds ekeyksa dh la[;k èkhjs&èkhjs c<+ jgh gSA MkW- mÙkj % MkW- Jhfuoklu dks uSfrd nqfoèkk dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk
Jhfuoklu dh Vhe ij bl nok ds,Vªk;y esa rsth ykus dk gS D;ksafd mudh 'kksèk Vhe rs”kh ls iQSy jgh ok;jy jksx ds fy;s nok
cgqr ncko gS D;ksafd blds fy;s ck”kkj esa dkiQh ek¡x gS ijh{k.kksa esa rs”kh ykus ds fy;s vuSfrd çFkkvksa dk lq>ko ns jgh gSA
vkSj daiuh ck”kkj esa igyk dne j•us dk iQk;nk mBkuk pqukSrh ;g gS fd Rofjr liQyrk ds fy;s is'ksoj lR;fu"Bk vkSj ck”kkj
pkgrh gSA Vhe ehfVax ds nkSjku] Vhe ds dqN ofj"B lnL;ksa ds ncko ds chp larqyu dSls cuk;k tk,A
us nok ds fDyfudy (uSnkfud) ijh{k.kksa esa rsth ykus fgrèkkjd
vkSj visf{kr vuqeksnu çkIr djus ds fy;s dqN 'kkWVZdV
z MkW- Jhfuoklu (çeq[k 'kksèkdÙkkZ)% oSKkfud v[kaMrk ij è;ku
lq>k,A buesa dqN udkjkRed ifj.kkeksa dks ckgj djus ds
fy;s MsVk esa gsjiQsj djuk vkSj pqfuank :i esa ldkjkRed dsafær_ vuqlaèkku esa 'kkWVZdV ds fodYiA
ifj.kkeksa dh fjiksVZ djuk] lwfpr lgefr dh çfØ;k dks z vuqlaèkku ny% le;&lhek dks iwjk djus ds ncko ds dkj.k
NksM+ nsuk vkSj Lo;a dk ?kVd fodflr djus ds ctk,] vuSfrd O;ogkj ds lq>ko fn;s x,A
çfr}a}h daiuh }kjk igys ls isVsaV fd, x, ;kSfxdksa dk z tSo&çkS|ksfxdh daiuh% foÙkh; ykHk vkSj ck”kkj ykHk dk y{;A
mi;ksx djuk 'kkfey gSaA MkW- Jhfuoklu ,sls 'kkWVZdV ysus z ejht vkSj vke turk% lqjf{kr vkSj çHkkoh mipkj dh ryk'k esaA
esa lgt ugha gSa] lkFk gh mUgsa ;g Hkh irk pyk gS fd bu
(a) MkW- Jhfuoklu ds :i esa eSa uSnkfud ijh{k.kksa esa uSfrd ekudksa
rjhdksa dk mi;ksx fd, fcuk y{;ksa dks iwjk djuk
vlaHko gSA vkSj ikjnf'kZrk dks çkFkfedrk nw¡xkA gkyk¡fd ncko esa oSKkfud
(a) ,slh fLFkfr esa vki D;k djsaxs\
v[kaMrk ls le>kSrk djus ls lkoZtfud LokLF; ij gkfudkjd
(b) blesa 'kkfey uSfrd ç'uksa ds çdk'k esa vius fodYiksa vkSj
ifj.kke gks ldrs gSaA blds ctk; eSa le;&lhek dks iwjk djus
ifj.kkeksa dk ijh{k.k dhft,A ds fy;s dkuwuh fodYiksa dh [kkst ij è;ku dsafær d:¡xk] tSls
(c) ,sls ifjn`'; esa] MsVk uSfrdrk vkSj vkS"kfèk uSfrdrk fdl fd lalkèkuksa esa o`f¼ ;k ckgjh laLFkkuksa ds lkFk lg;ksx djuk
çdkj cM+s iSekus ij ekuork dks cpk ldrh gSa\ vkfnA
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) (b) fodYi 1% MkVk esa gsjiQsj djuk vkSj lwfpr lgefr dh vuns[kh
Dr. Srinivasan is a senior scientist working for a reputed djuk
biotechnology company known for its cutting-edge
z uSfrd eqn~nk% oSKkfud oSèkrk ls le>kSrk] jksxh ds fo'okl vkSj
research in pharmaceuticals. Dr. Srinivasan is heading
a research team working on a new drug aimed at lkoZtfud lqj{kk dk mYya?kuA
treating a rapidly spreading variant of a new viral z ifj.kke% gkfudkjd vkS"kfèk ds tkjh gksus ls eqdnes vkSj lkoZtfud
infectious disease. The disease has been rapidly
spreading across the world and the cases reported in vfo'okl mRiUu gks ldrk gS] ysfdu blls çfØ;k esa rs”kh vk
the country are increasing. There is huge pressure on ldrh gS vkSj foÙkh; ykHk esa o`f¼ gks ldrh gSA
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 fodYi 2% çfr}a}h ds isVsaV ;kSfxdksa dk mi;ksx djuk fd ;g xksiuh; gksuk pkfg;s vkSj tYn&ls&tYn pqdk;k
z uSfrd eqn~nk% ckSf¼d laink dk mYya?ku] uSfrd vkSj dkuwuh tk,A mlus igys gh jde pqdkuk 'kq: dj fn;k gS vkSj
ekudksa dk mYya?kuA tc rd iwjh jde pqdrk ugha gks tkrh rc rd og jde
z ifj.kke% blls dkuwuh dkjZokbZ dk tksf[ke jgrk gS vkSj daiuh Hkjrh jgsxhA
dh çfr"Bk dks uqdlku igq¡prk gS] ftlls vkS"kfèk dh çxfr #d (a) blesa dkSu ls uSfrd eqn~ns 'kkfey gSa\
ldrh gS_ gkyk¡fd blls mipkj rd Rofjr igq¡p Hkh laHko gks (b) uSfrdrk ds utfj;s ls cSad eSustj ds O;ogkj dk
ldrh gS vkSj çfrLi¼kZRed ykHk esa lqèkkj gks ldrk gSA ewY;kadu dhft;sA
fodYi 3% uSfrd fn'kk&funZs'kksa dk ikyu djuk (c) bl gkykr esa vkidh çfrfØ;k D;k gksxh\
z uSfrd eqn~nk% MkVk v[kaMrk vkSj jksxh lqj{kk dks cuk, j[kukA (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z ifj.kke% uSfrd fn'kk&funZs'kksa ds vuqikyu ls vkS"kfèk ds fodkl You are working as an executive in a nationalized bank
esa foyac gks ldrk gS vkSj dBksj ijh{k.k ds dkj.k ykxr c<+ for several years. One day one of your close colleagues
ldrh gS] ftlls ck”kkj ls çkIr gksus okys voljksa ls oafpr gks tells you that her father is suffering from heart disease
and needs surgery to service. She also tells you that she
ldrs gSaA
has no insurance and the operation will cost about Rs
z gkyk¡fd uhfr vk;ksx ds uSfrd fn'kk&funZs'kksa ds vuqlkj] çfrHkkfx;ksa 10 lakh. You are also aware of the fact that her husband
dh lqj{kk vkSj lkoZtfud fo'okl ds fy;s uSfrd vuqlaèkku and that she is from a lower middle class family. You
egÙoiw.kZ gS] ftlls ;g jksxh dh lqj{kk rFkk vkS"kfèk;ksa ds fodkl are empathetic about her situation. However, apart from
esa nh?kZdkfyd fo'oluh;rk ds fy;s vko';d gks tkrk gSA expressing your sympathy, you do not have the resources
to fund her.
(c) MkVk uSfrdrk lqfuf'pr djrh gS fd 'kksèk ikjn'khZ] iqu#Riknuh;
A few weeks later, you ask her about the well-being of
vkSj Hkjkslsean gksA vkS"kfèk dh uSfrdrk dBksj ijh{k.k vkSj lwfpr her father and she informs you about his successful
lgefr ds ekè;e ls jksxh ds vfèkdkjksa rFkk lqj{kk dks lqfuf'pr surgery and that he is recovering. She then confides in
djrh gSA you that the bank manager was kind enough to facilitate
fu"d"kZ% uSfrd ekudksa dks nckoiwoZd Hkh cuk, j[kuk egÙoiw.kZ the release of 10 lakhs from a dormant account of
someone to pay for the operation with a promise that it
gSA ;g nh?kZdkfyd lkoZtfud LokLF; dks lqjf{kr j[krk gS] oSKkfud
should be confidential and be repaid at the earliest. She
fo'oluh;rk lqfuf'pr djrk gS vkSj vkS"kfèk m|ksx dh lkekftd has already started paying it back and will continue to
f”kEesnkjh dks cuk, j[krk gSA do so until it is all returned.
(a) What are the ethical issues involved?
2023
(b) Evaluate the behavior of the bank manager from
ç'u % dbZ lkyksa ls vki ,d jk"Vªh;Ñr cSad esa dk;Zikyd ds an ethical point of view.
:i esa dk;Z dj jgs gSaA ,d fnu vkidh ,d u”knhdh (c) How would you react to the situation?
lgdehZ us vkidks crk;k fd mlds firkth fny dh chekjh mÙkj %
ls ihfM+r gSa vkSj mUgsa cpkus ds fy;s rqjar vkWisj'ku dh bl ekeys esa 'kkfey uSfrd eqn~ns
”k:jr gSA mlus vkidks ;g Hkh crk;k fd mlds ikl dksbZ
chek ugha gS vkSj vkWisj'ku dh ykxr 10 yk• #i, gksxhA z xksiuh;rk dh xkjaVh ds lkFk ,d lgdehZ ds firk ds vkWijs'ku
vki ;g Hkh tkurs gSa fd mlds ifr ugha jgs vkSj og ds fy;s fuf"Ø; •krs ls #i, nsus ls cSad çcaèkd dh fu"i{krk]
fuEu&eè;e&oxZ ifjokj ls gSA vki mlds gkykr ls lerk vkSj •qysiu ds lacaèk esa fpark,¡ mRiUu gksrh gSaA
lekuqHkwfr j•rs gSaA gkyk¡fd lgkuqHkwfr ds vykok vkids z ljkguh; dne gksus ds ckotwn blls laHkkfor :i ls LFkkfir
ikl jde nsus ds fy;s lalkèku ugha gSaA cSafdax çfØ;kvksa dh vogsyuk gksrh gS] tks laHkor% vfèkdkj
dqN lIrkg ckn vki mlds firkth dh dq'kyrk ds ckjs dk nq#i;ksx gSA
esa iwNrs gSa vkSj og vkidks muds vkWijs'ku dh liQyrk z ikjnf'kZrk dh bl deh ls cSad ds xzkgdksa ds lacaèk esa leku
ds ckjs esa lwfpr djrh gS fd mUgsa LokLF; ykHk fey jgk O;ogkj ij ç'u mBrk gSA mèkkj yh xbZ èkujkf'k dk le; ij
gSA fiQj mlus vkidks xqIr :i ls crk;k fd cSad eSustj vkSj mfpr iquHkZqxrku lqfuf'pr djuk ,d uSfrd f”kEesnkjh gSA
brus n;kyq Fks fd mUgksaus `10 yk• fdlh ds fuf"Ø; •krs lgdehZ }kjk èku ds lzksr dks çnf'kZr u djus ls xksiuh;rk lacaèkh
ls vkWijs'ku ds fy;s tkjh dj fn;s] bl ok;ns ds lkFk pqukSrh Hkh mRiUu gksrh gSA

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cSad çcaèkd ds O;ogkj dk ewY;kadu ,El ls Lukrd fpfdRld gksus ds ukrs vki tkurs gSa fd
z ,d lgdehZ ds firk ds vkWijs'ku esa lgk;rk ds fy;s fuf"Ø; •wu p<+kus ds fy;s ekU;rk&çkIr CyM cSad ls gh jDr ds
•krs ls èkujkf'k tkjh djus dh lqfoèkk çnku djus esa cSad çcaèkd bar”kke dh vko';drk gSA vkidh Vhe ds lnL; bl eqn~ns
ds O;ogkj ls d#.kk ,oa lekuqHkwfr tSls ewY; çnf'kZr gksrs gSaA ij c¡Vs gq, gSa] dqN •wu p<+kus ds gd esa gSa] tcfd dqN
z xksiuh;rk cuk, j•uk vkèkkjHkwr cSafdax fl¼karksa ds vuq:i gS]
blds fojksèk esa gSaA ;fn mUgsa •wu p<+kus ds fy;s nafMr ugha
tks fo'okl dks c<+kok nsrk gSA fd;k tk,xk rks Vhe esa 'kkfey MkWDVj çlo djkus ds fy;s
rS;kj gSaA vc vki nqfoèkk esa gSaA vkidk is'ksoj çf'k{k.k
z ;g fLFkfr LFkkfir cSafdax çfØ;kvksa dk ikyu djus vkSj lHkh
ekuork vkSj yksxksa dk thou cpkus dks çkFkfedrk nsus
xzkgdksa ds lkFk leku O;ogkj djus ds lacaèk esa fparkvksa dks
ij ”kksj nsrk gSA
çnf'kZr djrh gSA ;g foÙkh; laLFkkuksa esa Li"V uSfrd fn'kk&funZs'kksa
(a) bl ekeys esa dkSu ls uSfrd eqís 'kkfey gSa\
ds lkFk e”kcwr mÙkjnkf;Ro dh vko';drk ij Hkh cy nsrh gSA
(b) {ks=k ds f”kyk eftLVªsV gksus ds ukrs vkids fy;s miyCèk
bl fLFkfr ij esjh çfrfØ;k
fodYiksa dk ewY;kadu djsaA(250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z bl fLFkfr esa esjh çfrfØ;k esjs lgdehZ ds çfr lekuqHkwfriw.kZ
A landslide occurred in the middle of the night on 20th
vkSj lgk;d dh gksxh] ftlesa lgdehZ ds firk ds LokLF; ,oa July. 2023 in a remote mountain hamlet, approximately
mldh foÙkh; fLFkfr ls lacafèkr pqukSfr;ksa dks è;ku esa j•uk 60 kilometers from Uttarkashi. The landslide was
'kkfey gksxkA caused by torrential rains and has resulted in large-scale
destruction of property and life. You, as District
z eSa muds dY;k.k ds lkFk gh muds firk ds LokLF; ykHk dks
Magistrate of that area, have rushed to the spot with a
è;ku esa j•us ds lkFk foÙkh; ysu&nsu esa uSfrd vkSj fofèkd team of doctors, NGOs, media and police along with
ekudksa dk ikyu djus ds egÙo ij Hkh ”kksj nw¡xkA numerous support staff to oversee the rescue operations.
z eSa mls ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s çksRlkfgr d:¡xk fd fuf"Ø; A man came running to you with a request for urgent
medical help for his pregnant wife who is in labour and
•krk lacaèkh fufèk ds mi;ksx lfgr lHkh dk;Z] cSafdax fu;eksa ds in loosing blood. You directed your medal team to
vuqikyu esa gksus ds lkFk ikjn'khZ rjhds ls lapkfyr gksaA examine his wife. They return and convey to you that
z eSa foÙkh; lgk;rk ds Øe esa mfpr ekè;e •kstus dk ekxZn'kZu this woman needs blood transfusion immediately. Upon
d:¡xk] rkfd og çfØ;k esa fu"i{krk vkSj tokcnsfgrk lqfuf'pr enquiry, you come to know that a few blood collection
bags and blood group test kits are available in the
djrs gq, fuf"Ø; •krs ds #i, le; ij vnk dj ldsA ambulance accompanying your team. Few people of
ç'u % mÙkjdk'kh ls yxHkx 60 fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij lqnwj your team have already volunteered to donate blood.
igkM+h cLrh esa 20 tqykbZ] 2023 dh eè;jkf=k esa ,d Being a physician who has graduated from AIIMS, you
HkwL•yu gqvkA HkwL•yu ewlykèkkj ckfj'k ds dkj.k gqvk know that blood for transfusion needs to be procured
only through a recognized blood bank. Your team
vkSj urhtru tku&eky dh gkfu cM+s iSekus ij gqbZA vki
members are divided on this issue; some favour
ml {ks=k ds f”kyk eftLVªsV gksus ds ukrs MkWDVjksa ds ny] transfusing, while some others oppose it. The doctors
,u-th-vks-] ehfM;k vkSj iqfyl ds lkFk cgqr ls lgk;d in the team are ready to facilitate the delivery provided
LVkiQ dks ysdj ?kVukLFky ij cpko vfHk;ku ds fy;s they are not penalised for transfusion. Now you are a
rqjar igq¡psA dilemma. Your professional training emphasizes on
prioritising service to humanity and saving lives of
,d vkneh viuh xHkZorh iRuh dh vR;ko';d fpfdRlk individuals.
lgk;rk ds fy;s vkids ikl Hkkxrk gqvk vk;k] tks çlo (a) What are the ethical issues involved in this case?
esa gS vkSj mUgsa jDrlzko gks jgk gSA vkius vius fpfdRld (b) Evaluate the options available to you, being District
ny dks mldh iRuh dh tk¡p djus dk funZs'k fn;kA mUgksaus Magistrate of the area.
okil vkdj vkidks crk;k fd ml efgyk dks rqjar •wu
mÙkj%
p<+kus dh vko';drk gSA iwNrkN djus ij vkidks irk
uSfrd eqn~ns
pyk fd dqN jDr laxzg cSx vkSj jDr lewg ijh{k.k fdV
,Ecqysal esa vkidh Vhe ds ikl ekS”kwn gSaA vkidh Vhe ds z jksxh dk dY;k.k% bl lanHkZ esa lokZis fj uSfrd fpark xHkZorh efgyk
dqN lnL; LosPNk ls viuk jDrnku djus ds fy;s igys vkSj mlds vtUes cPps dh thou&?kkrd fLFkfr gS] ftlesa xaHkhj
ls gh rS;kj gSaA jDrlzko ds dkj.k rRdky fpfdRlh; gLr{ksi dh vko';drk gSA
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 z jDr lqj{kk% jDr vkèkku (Transfusion) ds fy;s ,sls jDr dk mlus vius ifjokj ds lkFk i;kZIr U;k; ugha fd;k gS vkSj
mi;ksx tks fdlh ekU;rk çkIr CyM cSad ls ugha fy;k x;k gS] vko';d lkekftd nkf;Roksa ds fuoZgu esa dÙkZO;ksa dks iwjk
lqj{kk lacaèkh xaHkhj fparkvksa dks mRiUu djrk gSA ugha fd;k gSA ;gk¡ rd fd vHkh fiNys eghus mls vius
z lwfpr lgefr% ;g fopkj djuk vko';d gS fd D;k jksxh ;k chekj cPps dks vk;k dh ns•Hkky esa NksM+uk iM+k Fkk
mlds ifjokj dks jDr vkèkku ds tksf•eksa vkSj ykHkksa ds ckjs esa D;ksafd mls nÝrj esa dke djuk FkkA vc mls yxrk gS fd
lwfpr fd;k x;k gS (;fn ;g fdlh ekU;rk çkIr lzksr ls ugha mls ,d js•k •hapuh pkfg;s] ftlesa viuh is'ksoj
fy;k x;k gS)A f”kEesnkfj;ksa dh rqyuk esa çFker% futh f”kanxh dks egÙo
z uSfrd fpfdRlk% ny ds fpfdRlk dehZ thou cpkus dh bPNk
feyuk pkfg;sA og lksprh gS fd le; dh ikcanh] dM+h
,oa is'ksoj ekunaMksa rFkk uSfrdrk cuk, j•us ds vius nkf;Ro ds esgur]dÙkZO;ksa ds çfr leiZ.k vkSj fu%LokFkZ lsok tSls dk;Z
chp la?k"kZ dh fLFkfr dk lkeuk djrs gSaA uSfrdrk dh leqfpr lhek,¡ gksuh pkfg;sA
(a) bl ekeys esa 'kkfey uSfrd eqn~nksa ij ppkZ dhft;sA
z fofèkd vkSj fu;kedh; vuqikyu% ;g fLFkfr jDr vkèkku ds
lacaèk esa fofèkd vkSj fu;kedh; vuqikyu ij ç'u mBkrh gSA (b) efgykvksa ds fy;s ,d LoLFk] lqjf{kr vkSj U;k;laxr
dk;Z ifjos'k eqgS;k djkus ds lanHkZ esa ljdkj }kjk
miyCèk fodYi
cuk, x, de&ls&de pkj dkuwuksa dk la{ksi esa o.kZu
z fdlh ekU;rk çkIr CyM cSad ls jDr çkIr djuk% f”kykfèkdkjh
dhft;sA
dks jksxh dh lqj{kk dks çkFkfedrk nsuh pkfg;s] lkFk gh fdlh (c) dYiuk dhft;s fd vki Hkh ,slh gh fLFkfr esa gksaA vki
ekU;rk çkIr CyM cSad ls jDr dh O;oLFkk dj fpfdRldh; mDr dkedkth ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks lkekU; djus ds fy;s
uSfrdrk dk ikyu djuk pkfg;sA D;k lq>ko nsaxs\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z tk¡p ds lkFk LFkkuh; jDr laxzg% ;fn laHko gks] rks ny ds At 9 pm on Saturday evening, Rashika, a Joint
laHkkfor nkrkvksa dk Rofjr jDr ijh{k.k djuk pkfg;sA Secretary, was still engrossed in her work in her office.
Her husband, Vikram, is an executive in an MNC and
z fo'ks"kK ijke'kZ% ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, lokZsÙke
frequently out of town in connection with his work.
dkjZokbZ ds ckjs esa ekxZn'kZu vkSj lykg ds fy;s fpfdRlk fo'ks"kKksa Their two children aged 5 and 3 are looked after by
ds lkFk laidZ djuk pkfg;sA their domestic helper. At 9:30 pm her superior, Mr.
bl fLFkfr esa fy;s tkus okys fu.kZ; esa jksxh dh lqj{kk dks Suresh calls her and asks her to prepare a detailed note
on an important matter to be discussed in a meeting in
çkFkfedrk nsus ds lkFk uSfrd] fpfdRlh; ,oa fofèkd ekudksa dk the Ministry. She realises that she will have to work on
ikyu Hkh fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA ;|fi fLFkfr xaHkhj gS ysfdu jDr lqj{kk Sunday to finish the additional task given by her
ls le>kSrk djus ds xaHkhj ifj.kke gks ldrs gSaA bl pqukSrhiw.kZ fLFkfr superior.
esa fpfdRlk ny ls Li"V lapkj ds lkFk ;fn vko';d gks rks fo'ks"kK She reflects on how she had asked forward to the posting
dh lykg ysuk rFkk uSfrd] fpfdRlk vkSj fu;ked fopkjksa dks lokZsÙke and had worked long hours for months to achieve it, he
had kept the welfare of people uppermost in discharging
:i ls larqfyr djus okyk ,d lwfpr fu.kZ; ysuk vko';d gSA her duties. She feels that she has not done enough Justice
iz'u% 'kfuokj dh 'kke 9 cts la;Dq r lfpo jf'kdk vius dk;kZy; to her family and she has not fulfilled her duties in
esa vc Hkh vius dke esa O;Lr FkhA mlds ifr foØe fdlh discharging ential social obligations. Even as recently
as last month she had to leave her sick child in the
cgqjk"Vªh; daiuh esa dk;Zikyd gSa vkSj vius dke ds
nanny’s care as she had to work in the office. No, she
flyflys esa vdlj os 'kgj ls ckgj jgrs gSaA muds nks feels that she must draw a line, beyond which her
cPps Øe'k% 5 vkSj 3 lky ds gSa ftudh ns•Hkky ?kjsyw personal life should take precedence over her
lgkf;dk }kjk gksrh gSA jf'kdk ds mPp vfèkdkjh Jheku professional responsibilities. She thinks that there
should be reasonable limits to the work ethics such as
lqjs'k us mls 'kke 9%30 cts cqyk;k vkSj mUgksaus ea=kky; dh
punctuality, hard work, dedication to duty and selfless
cSBd esa ppkZ gksus okys fdlh ”k:jh eqn~ns ij ,d foLr`r service.
fVIi.kh rS;kj djus ds fy;s dgkA mls yxk fd mlds mPp (a) Discuss the ethical issue involved in this case.
vfèkdkjh }kjk fn;s x, bl vfrfjDr dke dks iwjk djus (b) Briefly describe at least four laws that have been
ds fy;s mls jfookj dks dke djuk gksxkA enacted by the Government with respect to
providing a healthy, safe and equitable working
og Lej.k djrh gS fd dSls og bl iksfLVax ds çfr mRlqd environment for women.
Fkh vkSj bls gkfly djus ds fy;s mlus dbZ eghus nsj&nsj (c) Imagine you are in a similar situation. What
rd dke fd;k FkkA mlus vius dÙkZO;ksa ds fuoZgu esa yksxksa suggestions would you make to mitigate such
ds dY;k.k dks lokZsifj j•k FkkA mls eglwl gksrk gS fd working conditions?

558
 mÙkj% z Lo;a dh ns•Hkky% Lo;a dh ns•Hkky dks çkFkfedrk nsuk] ftlesa
uSfrd eqn~ns 'kkjhfjd O;k;ke] foJke rFkk ruko vFkok dk;Z ls lacafèkr ncko
ls fuiVus ds nkSjku is'ksoj enn ysuk 'kkfey gSA
z dk;Z ,oa O;fDrxr thou esa larqyu% eq[; uSfrd eqn~nk jf'kdk
z dk;Z ,oa O;fDrxr thou esa larqyu ij dsafær uhfr;ksa dks
}kjk ,d ek¡ rFkk thoulkFkh ds :i esa viuh Hkwfedk ds lkFk
viuh O;;lk; lacaèkh f”kEesnkfj;ksa dks larqfyr djus dk la?k"kZ gSA çksRlkgu nsuk% dk;Z ,oa O;fDrxr thou esa larqyu dks c<+kok nsus
rFkk deZpkfj;ksa ds LokLF; ij dsafær uhfr;ksa dk leFkZu djukA
z lkekftd nkf;Ro ls le>kSrk% jf'kdk vius ikfjokfjd dÙkZO;ksa
rFkk lkekftd nkf;Roksa dks iwjk djus esa viuh vleFkZrk dks iz'u% fouksn ,d bZekunkj vkSj fu"Bkoku vkbZ,,l vfèkdkjh gSA
n'kkZrh gS] tks ,d uSfrd la?k"kZ dk ladsr nsrk gSA gky gh esa mUgksaus jkT; lM+d ifjogu fuxe ds çcaèk
funs'kd dk inHkkj xzg.k fd;k gS] fiNys rhu lky esa
z cPps dk HkkoukRed fodkl {kh.k gksuk% yacs le; rd dk;Z
;g mudk NBk rcknyk gSA muds lkFkh muds fo'kky Kku]
djus ds nkSjku NksVs cPpksa dks ?kjsyw lgk;dksa dh ns•Hkky esa
feyulkfjrk vkSj bZekunkjh dks Lohdkj djrs gSaA
NksM+uk muds dY;k.k vkSj ikyu&iks"k.k ls lacafèkr uSfrd fparkvksa
dks mtkxj djrk gSA jkT; lM+d ifjogu fuxe ds vè;{k ,d 'kfDr'kkyh
jktuhfrK gSa] tks eq[;ea=kh ds cgqr djhch gSaA fouksn dks
z lexz LokLF;% jf'kdk dh lIrkgkar ij dk;Z djus vkSj viuh
fuxe dh vusd dfFkr vfu;ferrkvksa vkSj foÙkh; ekeyksa
ukSdjh ds fy;s futh thou ls le>kSrk djus dh rRijrk mlds
esa vè;{k dh euekuh ds ckjs esa irk pykA
'kkjhfjd ,oa ekufld LokLF; ls lacafèkr leL;k,¡ mRiUu dj
ldrh gSA fuxe ds fojksèkh ny ds ,d cksMZ lnL; fouksn ls eqykdkr
djrs gSa vkSj dqN nLrkos”kksa ds lkFk ,d ohfM;ks fjdkWfM±x
efgykvksa ds dk;Z ifjos'k ls lacafèkr dkuwu
lkSairs gSa] ftlesa vè;{k D;w,evkj Vk;jksa dh vkiwfrZ ds
z ekr`Ro ykHk vfèkfu;e] 1961% ;g dkuwu efgyk deZpkfj;ksa fy;s ,d cM+k vkWMZj nsus ds fy;s fj'or dh ekax djrs
ds fy;s ekr`Ro vodk'k ,oa ykHkksa dks vfuok;Z djrk gS] tks gq, fn•kbZ ns jgs gSaA fouksn dks ;kn gS fd vè;{k us
xHkkZoLFkk ds nkSjku vkSj ckn esa muds dY;k.k ds fy;s çfrc¼ gSA D;wvkj Vk;jksa ds yafcr fcyksa dks rs”kh ls fuiVkus dk dke
z dk;ZLFky ij efgykvksa dk ;kSu mRihM+u (jksdFkke] fu"ksèk fd;k FkkA
o fuokj.k) vfèkfu;e] 2013% bldk mn~ns'; dk;ZLFky ij fouksn] cksMZ lnL; ls iwNrs gSa fd os vius ikl ekS”kwn
mRihM+u dh jksdFkke&rFkk mudks lacksfèkr djds efgykvksa ds rFkkdfFkr Bksl lcwrksa ds lkFk vè;{k dks csudkc djus
fy;s ,d lqjf{kr ,oa mRihM+u eqDr dk;Z okrkoj.k cukuk gSA ls D;ksa drjk jgs gSaA lnL; mUgsa lwfpr djrs gSa fd vè;{k
z leku ikfjJfed vfèkfu;e] 1976% ;g vfèkfu;e lqfuf'pr us mudh èkefd;ksa ds lkeus >qdus ls budkj dj fn;k gSA
djrk gS fd efgykvksa dks leku dk;Z ds fy;s leku osru çkIr mUgksaus vkxs dgk fd vxj fouksn •qn vè;{k dks csudkc
gks] ftlls dk;ZLFky ij ySafxd lekurk dks çksRlkfgr fd;k tk djsaxs rks mUgsa igpku vkSj turk dk leFkZu fey ldrk gSA
ldsA blds vykok os fouksn ls dgrs gSa fd ,d ckj mudh ikVhZ
z dkj•kuk vfèkfu;e] 1948% bl vfèkfu;e ds rgr efgyk esa vkus ls fouksn dh is'ksoj o`f¼ lqfuf'pr gks tk,xhA
Jfedksa dh lqj{kk] LokLF; rFkk dY;k.k ls lacafèkr çkoèkku fouksn dks irk gS fd vxj mUgksaus vè;{k dk HkaMkiQksM+
'kkfey gSa] ftuesa muds dk;ks± ds ?kaVksa dks fofu;fer djuk] mfpr fd;k rks mls nafMr fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj vkxs pydj
ok;q&lapkj dh lqfoèkk lqfuf'pr djuk rFkk cPpksa dh ns•Hkky mUgsa fdlh nwj LFkku ij LFkkukarfjr Hkh fd;k tk ldrk
dh lqfoèkk,¡ çnku djuk 'kkfey gSA gSA fouksn tkurs gSa fd vkxkeh pquko esa foi{kh ny ds
dkedkth ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks lqyHk cukus gsrq lq>ko lÙkk esa vkus dh csgrj laHkkouk gSA gkyk¡fd mUgsa ;g Hkh
z lhek,¡ LFkkfir djuk% dk;Z vkSj O;fDrxr thou ds chp dh irk gS fd cksMZ lnL; vius jktuhfrd ykHkksa ds fy;s
lhekvksa dks Li"V :i ls ifjHkkf"kr djukA mudk bLrseky djus dh dksf'k'k dj jgs gSaA
z dk;Z dk forj.k ,oa çkFkfedrk% tc laHko gks dk;Z dk forj.k (a) ,d dÙkZO;fu"B flfoy lsod ds :i esa fouksn ds
djuk rFkk dk;ZHkkj dks çHkkoh <ax ls çcafèkr djus gsrq çeq• fy;s miyCèk fodYiksa dk ewY;kadu dhft;sA
f”kEesnkfj;ksa dks çkFkfedrk nsukA (b) mi;ZqDr ekeys ds lanHkZ esa ukSdj'kkgh ds jktuhfrdj.k
z lgk;rk ç.kkfy;k¡% ns•Hkky dh f”kEesnkfj;k¡ lk>k djus ds fy;s ds dkj.k mRiUu gks u s okys uS f rd eq n ~ n ks a ij
ifjokj] nksLrksa rFkk lgdfeZ;ksa dh lgk;rk ysukA fVIi.kh dhft;sA(250 'kCn] 20 vad)
559
 Vinod is an honest and sincere IAS officer. Recently, he Hkz"Vkpkj dh vuns[kh djuk vkSj dÙkZO; fuHkkrs jguk
has taken over as Managing Director of the State Road
z iQk;ns% laHkkfor O;fDrxr rFkk O;kolkf;d tksf•eksa ls cpkoA
Transport Corporation, his sixth transfer in the past
three years. His peers acknowledge his vast knowledge z uqdlku% Hkz"Vkpkj dks lacksfèkr djus vkSj uSfrd ekudksa dks cuk,
affability and uprightness. j•us ds vius dÙkZO; esa mldh foiQyrkA
The Chairman of the State Road Transport Corporation dkuwuh ,oa vkarfjd mik; dh lgk;rk
is a powerful politician and is very close to the Chief
z iQk;ns% mfpr çfØ;k rFkk dkuwu ds 'kklu dk ikyu djds
Minister. Vinod comes to know about many alleged
irregularities of the Corporation and the high- uSfrdrk dk;e jgsxhA
handedness of the Chairman in financial matters. z uqdlku% ps;jeSu ds çHkko ds dkj.k fu"i{k vkarfjd tk¡p djkus
A Board Member of the Corporation belonging to the esa ckèkkvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gSA
Opposition Party meets Vinod and hands over a few fOglyCyksvj lqj{kk mik;ksa dh lgk;rk
documents along with a video recording in which the
Chairman appears to be demanding bribe for placing z iQk;ns% vkRe&lqj{kk ds lkFk Hkz"Vkpkj dk •qyklk djus esa enn
a huge order for the supply of QMR tyres. Vinod feysxhA
recollects the Chairman expediting the clearing of z uqdlku% vHkh Hkh dqN gn rd O;kolkf;d ,oa O;fDrxr ifj.kkeksa
pending bills of QMR tyres. dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gSA
Vinod confronts the Board Member as to why he is
mÙkj% (b)
shying away from exposing the Chairman with the
so-called solid proof he has with him. The members z lR;fu"Bk ls le>kSrk% jktuhfrd ncko ds dkj.k ukSdj'kkgksa
inform him that the Chairman refuses to yield to dks lR;fu"Bk dk ikyu djus esa leL;k dk lkeuk djuk iM+
his threats. He adds that Vinod may earn recognition ldrk gSA
and public support if he himself exposes the z lÙkk dk nq#i;ksx% ukSdj'kkg jktuhfrd vFkok O;fDrxr ykHk
Chairman. Further, he tells Vined that once his
ds fy;s lÙkk dk nq#i;ksx dj ldrs gSaA
party comes to power, Vinod’s professional growth
would be assured. z i{kikriw.kZ fu.kZ; ysuk% jktuhfrdj.k ,d i{kikriw.kZ fu.kZ;
Vinod is aware that he may be penalised if he exposes ysus dh vksj vxzlj djrk gSA
the Chairman and may further be transferred to a z de tokcnsgh% jktuhfrd ekgkSy esa mÙkjnkf;Ro pqukSrhiw.kZ gks
distant place. He knows that Opposition Party tkrk gSA
stands a better chance of coming to power in the
z flfoy lsodksa dk 'kks"k.k% jktusrk jktuhfrd mn~ns';ksa ds fy;s
forthcoming elections. However, he also realises that
the Board Member is trying to use him for his own flfoy lsodksa dk 'kks"k.k dj ldrs gSaA
political gains. z tu fo'okl esa deh% jktuhfrdj.k ds dkj.k ljdkjh laLFkkuksa
(a) As a conscientious civil servant, evaluate the options esa turk dh fo'oluh;rk ?kV tkrh gSA
available to Vinod. z vuSfrd vkpj.k dk lkekU;hdj.k% bl ifjfLFkfr esa vuSfrd
(b) In the light of the above case, comment upon the vkpj.k ds foLrkfjr gksus dh laHkkouk gSA
ethical issues that may arise due to the politicization
iz'u% gky gh esa vki dsaæh; yksd fuekZ.k foHkkx ds vfrfjDr
of bureaucracy.
egkfuns'kd fu;qDr gq, gSaA vkids çHkkx ds eq[;
mÙkj% (a) fouksn] ,d dÙkZO;fu"B flfoy lsod gSA og ps;jeSu vkfdZVsDV] tks Ng eghus esa lsokfuo`Ùk gksus okys gSa] ,d
ls lacafèkr dfFkr Hkz"Vkpkj dks mtkxj djuk pkgrk gS ijarq og vius cgqr gh egÙoiw.kZ çkstsDV ij mRlkgiwoZd dk;Z dj jgs gSa]
mÙkjnkf;Ro ,oa lR;fu"Bk ds vkn'kks± dk ikyu djus vFkok O;fDrxr ftldk liQy lekiu muds cps gq, thou esa ,d LFkk;h
rFkk O;kolkf;d nksuksa Lrjksa ij laHkkfor urhtksa ls cpus ds fy;s pqi çfr"Bk gkfly djsxkA
jgus dh uSfrd nqfoèkk dk lkeuk dj jgk gSA mlds le{k ;s fodYi eSupsLVj vkfdZVsDpj Ldwy] UK ls çf'kf{kr] ,d ubZ
miyCèk gks ldrs gSa efgyk vkfdZVsDV] lhek us vkids çHkkx esa crkSj ofj"B
ps;jeSu ,oa mlds dfFkr Hkz"Vkpkj dk [kqyklk djuk vkfdZVsDV dk;ZHkkj l¡Hkkyk gSA bl çkstsDV ds ckjs esa
fooj.k nsus ds nkSjku lhek us dqN lq>ko fn;s] tks u
z iQk;ns% Hkz"Vkpkj dk lkeuk djus ls lR;fu"Bk ,oa uSfrd ewY;ksa
dsoy çkstDs V esa ewY; o`f¼ djsxa ]s cfYd çkstDs V dh lekiu
dks dk;e j•k tk ldrk gSA
vofèk Hkh ?kVk nsaxsA blls eq[; vkfdZVsDV vlqjf{kr gks
z uqdlku% çfr'kksèk rFkk mlds dWfj;j dks laHkkfor uqdlku dk x, vkSj lkjk Js; lhek dks çkIr gksus dh mUgsa yxkrkj
•rjk] ftlesa nwjorhZ {ks=kksa esa LFkkukarj.k Hkh 'kkfey gSA fpark gksus yxhA urhtru] mUgksaus

560
 lhek ds çfr ,d fuf"Ø; ,oa vkØked O;ogkj viuk had a long tenure in the office and has vast experience
fy;k] tks lhek ds fy;s viekutud gks x;kA lhek my>u in the area of her work.
esa iM+ xbZ] D;ksafd eq[; vkfdZVsDV mls uhpk fn•kus dk You are aware of her outstanding academic credentials
and careeer in her previous organizations. However,
dksbZ Hkh ekSdk ugha NksM+rs gSaA og vDlj nwljs lg;ksfx;ksa you fear that this harassment may result in compromising
ds lkeus lhek dks xyr Bgjkrs rFkk mlls Å¡ph vkok”k her much needed contribution in this important project
esa ckr djrsA bl yxkrkj mRihM+u ls lhek vkRefo'okl and may adversely impact her emotional well-being.
vkSj vkRelEeku •ksus yxhA og yxkrkj ruko] fpark ,oa You have also come to know from her peers that she is
contemplating tendering her resignation.
ncko eglwl djrhA ,slk çrhr gqvk fd lhek eq[;
(a) What are the ethical issues involved in the above
vkfdZVsDV ls Mj Hkjs foLe; esa Fkh D;ksafd og ,d yacs case?
le; ls dk;kZy; esa Fks rFkk muds ikl bl dk;Z {ks=k esa (b) What are the option available to you in order to
O;kid vuqHko FkkA complete the project a wall as to retain Seema in
lhek dh mRÑ"V 'kS{kf.kd ;ksX;rk vkSj iwoZ laLFkkvksa esa the organization?
dWfj;j fjdkWMZ ls vki voxr gSaA gkyk¡fd vkidks Mj gS (c) What would be your response to Seema’s
predicament? What measures would you institute
fd bl mRihM+u ls lhek dks bl egÙoiw.kZ çkstsDV esa vR;ar to prevent each occurrence from happening in your
vko';d ;ksxnku ij le>kSrk djuk iM+ ldrk gS rFkk organization?
;g mldh HkkokRed dq'kyrk ij çfrdwy çHkko Mky
mÙkj% (a) mi;ZqDr ekeys esa dkSu&ls uSfrd eqn~ns 'kkfey gSa\
ldrk gSA vkidks vius led{k yksxksa ls Hkh irk pyk gS
z dk;ZLFky ij mRihM+u (xfjek vkSj lEeku)% eq[; vkfdZVsDV
fd og R;kxi=k nsus ds ckjs esa lksp jgh gSA
dk lhek ds çfr vieku vkSj xSj&lEekutud O;ogkj mldh
(a) mi;ZqDr ekeys esa dkSu&ls uSfrd eqn~ns 'kkfey gSa\
xfjek dk mYya?ku gS rFkk blls ,d çfrdwy dk;ZLFky okrkoj.k
(b) çkstsDV dks iwjk djus ds fy;s rFkk lhek dks laLFkk esa
dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA
cuk, j•us gsrq vkids ikl D;k fodYi miyCèk gSa\
z is'ksoj bZ";kZ (lg;ksx vkSj Vhe odZ)% eq[; vkfdZVsDV dh
(c) lhek dh nqnZ'kk ds fy;s vkidh D;k çfrfØ;k gksxh\
vlqj{kk dh Hkkouk ,oa lhek ds lkFk lg;ksx djus dh vfuPNk]
laLFkk esa ,slh ?kVuk,¡ jksdus ds fy;s vki D;k dne çkstsDV dh liQyrk esa ckèkd cu ldrk gS vkSj ;g Vhe odZ
mBk,axs\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
dh Hkkouk ds Hkh çfrdwy gSA
You have just been appointed as Additional Director
z deZpkjh ds HkkoukRed LokLF; ij çHkko% eq[; vkfdZVsDV
General of Central Public Works Department. The
Chief Architect of your division, who is to retire in six }kjk lhek dks yxkrkj viekfur fd;k tkuk vkSj blls mRiUu
months, in passionately working on a very important ruko mlds HkkoukRed LokLF; ij çfrdwy çHkko Mky ldrk
project, the successful completion of which would earn gS] ftlls mldh dk;Z mRikndrk esa ckèkk vkrh gSA
him a lasting reputation for the rest of his life.
z uSfrd usr`Ro dh foiQyrk (uSfrd vkpj.k)% ,d l{ke
A new lady architect. Seema, trained at Manchester
School of Architecture, UK joined as Senior Architect lg;ksxh dks viekfur djus ds :i esa eq[; vkfdZVsDV dk vuSfrd
in your division. During the briefing about the project, vkpj.k] fdlh laxBu esa uSfrd usr`Ro dh foiQyrk dks n'kkZrk gSA
Seema made some suggestions which would not only mÙkj% (b) eè;LFkrk% eq[; vkfdZVsDV vkSj lhek ds eè; fooknksa
add value to the project, but would also reduce dks lqy>kus ds fy;s muds chp futh rkSj ij ckrphr dh lqfoèkk
completion time. This has made the Chief Architect
çnku djukA
insecure and he is constantly worried that all the credit
z lg;ksxkRed dk;ks± dk forj.k% lhek vkSj eq[; vkfdZVsDV dks
will go to her. Subsequently, he adopted a passive and
aggressive behaviour towards her and has become mudh {kerk ,oa fo'ks"kKrk ds vkèkkj ij fof'k"V çkstsDV dk;Z
disrespectful to her. Seems felt it embarrassing as the lkSaiuk] lg;ksx dks c<+kok nsauk rFkk çkstsDV dks iwjk djus esa rs”kh
Chief Architect left no chance of humiliating her. He ykukA
would very often correct her in front of other colleagues
mÙkj% (c) lhek dh nqnZ'kk ds fy;s çfrfØ;k
and raise his voice while speaking to her. This continuous
harassment has resulted in her losing confidence and z ekxZn'kZu vkSj leFkZu% lhek dks bl ckr ls voxr djkuk fd

self-esteem. She felt perpetually tensed, anxious and mlds ;ksxnku dk dkiQh egÙo gS rFkk mlds vkRefo'okl dks
stressed. She appeared to be in awe of him since he has c<+kus ds fy;s mls HkkoukRed leFkZu çnku djukA
561
 z vkbfM;k buD;wcVs j% ¶vkbfM;k buD;wcVs j¸ uke ls ,d IysViQkWeZ lks'ky ehfM;k ij ok;jy gks x;kA vkids fe=kksa vkSj
dk fuekZ.k djuk tgk¡ lhek lfgr vU; deZpkjh ifj;kstuk lacaèkh lgdfeZ;ksa us iwjk fooj.k tkuus ds fy;s vkidks iQksu djuk
uohu fopkjksa dk çLrko j• ldsaA blds lkFk gh jpukRedrk 'kq: dj fn;kA vkids ,d twfu;j us vkidks ,d tokch
dh laLÑfr dks c<+kok nsrs gq, ;ksxnkudrkZvksa dh igpku dj ohfM;ks cukus dh lykg nh] ftlesa i`"BHkwfe nh tk, rFkk
mUgsa iqjLÑr djus ij cy nsukA crk;k tk, fd eSnku ij dqN Hkh ugha gqvk gSA cnys esa
laLFkk esa ,slh ?kVuk,¡ jksdus ds fy;s dne vkius ,d ohfM;ks iksLV fd;k] ftls vkius •sy vk;kstu
z fu"i{k ewY;kadu% fu"i{k çn'kZu ewY;kadu ds ekè;e ls ;ksX;rk ds nkSjku cuk;k Fkk] ftlesa laHkkfor xM+cM+h djus okyksa
vkèkkfjr ekU;hdj.k lqfuf'pr djukA dh igpku dh xbZ Fkh] tks vkids csVs dh ijs'kkuh ds fy;s
z 'kwU;&lfg".kqrk uhfr% lqjf{kr dk;Z okrkoj.k dks c<+kok nsus ds
f”kEesnkj FksA vkius ;g Hkh crk;k gS fd eSnku esa okLro
fy;s ,d l[r mRihM+u&fojksèkh uhfr ykxw djuk vkSj blds fo"k; esa D;k gqvk Fkk ,oa lks'ky ehfM;k ds nq#i;ksx ds çfrdwy
esa lHkh dks tkx:d djukA çHkkoksa dks lkeus ykus dk ç;kl fd;k gSA
z igpku jfgr fjiksfVZax% igpku jfgr fjiksfVZax ra=k dh LFkkiuk (a) mi;ZqDr dsl LVMh dks vkèkkj cukdj lks'ky ehfM;k
djuk] rkfd deZpkjh çfr'kksèk ds Hk; ls eqDr gksdj mRihM+u ds mi;ksx esa 'kkfey uSfrd eqn~nksa ij ppkZ dhft;sA
vFkok la?k"kZ dh lqjf{kr :i ls fjiksfVZax dj ldsaA (b) vius ifjokj ds f•ykiQ iQ”khZ çpkj dk eqdkcyk
iz'u% ljdkj ds ,d ea=kky; esa vki f”kEesnkj in ij gSaA ,d djus ds fy;s rF;ksa dks lkeus j•us gsrq vkids }kjk
fnu lqcg vkids 11 lky ds csVs ds Ldwy ls iQksu vk;k lks'ky ehfM;k dk mi;ksx djus ds ykHk vkSj gkfu;ksa
fd vkidks fçafliy ls feyus vkuk gSA vki tc Ldwy ij ppkZ dhft;sA (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
x, rks vkius vius csVs dks fçafliy ds dk;kZy; esa ns•kA You hold a responsible position in a ministry in the
fçafliy us vkidks lwfpr fd;k fd ftl le; d{kk,¡ government. One day in the morning you received a call
from the school of your 11-year-old son that you are
py jgh Fkha] ml le; vkidk csVk eSnku esa cseryc
required to come and meet the Principal. You proceed
?kwerk gqvk ik;k x;k FkkA d{kk f'k{kd vkidks crkrs gSa to the school and find your son in the Principal’s office.
fd vkidk csVk bèkj vdsyk iM+ x;k gS vkSj d{kk esa The Principal informs you that your son had been found
lokyksa dk tokc ugha nsrk gS] og gky gh esa vk;ksftr wandering aimlessly in the grounds during the time
iQqVckWy Vªk;y esa Hkh vPNk çn'kZu djus esa vleFkZ classes were in progress. The class teacher further
informs you that your son has lately become a loner and
jgk gSA vki vius csVs dks Ldwy ls ys vkrs gSa vkSj 'kke
did not respond to questions in the class, he had also
dks viuh iRuh ds lkFk csVs ds cnyrs O;ogkj ds dkj.kksa been unable to perform well in the football trials held
ds ckjs esa tkuus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA ckj&ckj eukus ds recently. You bring your son back from the school and
ckn] vkids csVs us lk>k fd;k fd dqN cPps d{kk esa in the evening, you along with your wife try to find out
vkSj Nk=kksa ds OgkV~lvi xzqi esa mls ckSuk] ew•Z rFkk esa<d the reasons for your son’s changed behavior. After
dgdj mldk e”kkd mM+k jgs FksA og vkidks dqN cPpksa repeated cajoling, your son shares that some children
had been making fun of him in the class as well as in
ds uke crkrk gS tks eq[; nks"kh gSa ysfdu vkils ekeys the WhatsApp group of the students by calling him
dks 'kkar jgus nsus dh fourh djrk gSA stunted, duh and a frog. He tells you the names of a few
dqN fnuksa ckn ,d •sy vk;kstu ds nkSjku] tgk¡ vki children who are the main culprits but pleads with you
vkSj vkidh iRuh vius csVs dks •syrs gq, ns•us x, Fks] to let the matter rest.
vkids ,d lgdehZ dk csVk vkidks ,d ohfM;ks fn•krk After a few days, during a sporting event, where you
and your wife have gone to watch your son play, one of
gS ftlesa Nk=kksa us vkids csVs dk O;aX;fp=k cuk;k gSA blds your colleague’s son shows you a video in which students
vykok og mu nks"kh cPpksa dh vksj b'kkjk djrk gS tks have caricatured your son. Further, he also points out
LVSaM esa cSBs FksA vki tku&cw>dj vius csVs ds lkFk muds to perpetrators who were sitting in the stands. You
ikl ls xqtjrs gSa vkSj ?kj ykSVrs gSaA vxys fnu] lks'ky purposefully walk past them with your son and go home.
Next day, you find on social media, a video denigrating
ehfM;k ij vkidks] vkids csVs dks rFkk ;gk¡ rd fd
you, your son and even your wife, stating that you
vkidh iRuh dks Hkh cnuke djus okyk ,d ohfM;ks feyrk engaged in physical bullying of children in the sports
gS] ftlesa dgk x;k gS fd vki •sy ds eSnku ij cPpksa field. The video became viral on social media. Your
dks 'kkjhfjd :i ls ijs'kku djus esa yxs gq, gSaA ohfM;ks friends and colleagues began calling you to find out the

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 details. One of your juniors advised you to make a gkfu;k¡
counter video giving the background and explaining
that nothing had happened on the field. You, in turn z tksf•e esa o`f¼% blesa fLFkfr ds xaHkhj gksus vkSj vkWuykbu
posted a video which you have captured during the mRihM+u dk lkeuk djus dk tksf•e gSA
sporting event, identifying the likely perpetrators who z xksiuh;rk lacaèkh fpark,¡% blesa ikfjokfjd futrk ls le>kSrk
were responsible for your son’s predicament. You have gksus ds lkFk ckgjh yksxksa dh èkefd;k¡ fey ldrh gSaA
also narrated what has actually happened in the field
z xyr O;k[;k% Li"Vrk çdV djus ds ç;kl ls Hkh Hkze dh fLFkfr
and made attempts to bring out the adverse effects of
the misuse of social media.
mRiUu gks ldrh gSA
(a) Based on the above case study, discuss the ethical z udkjkRed çfrfØ;k% vçR;kf'kr tuer ds ifj.kkeLo:i
issues involved in the use of social media. udkjkRed çfrfØ;k gks ldrh gSA
(b) Discuss the pros and cons of using social media by z HkkoukRed vk?kkr% vkWuykbu mRihM+u ls fuiVuk HkkoukRed
you to put across the facts to counter the fake :i ls dfBu gks ldrk gSA
propaganda against your family. z dkuwuh fufgrkFkZ% lks'ky ehfM;k ij dqN lk>k djus ds dkuwuh
mÙkj% (a) ekeys ls tqM+s uSfrd eqn~ns ifj.kke gks ldrs gSaA
z xksiuh;rk vkSj lgefr% fcuk fdlh lgefr ds fdlh dh Nfo >wBh tkudkjh dk •aMu djus ds fy;s lks'ky ehfM;k dk mi;ksx
•jkc djuk mldh futrk dk mYya?ku gSA djuk tksf•eiw.kZ gks ldrk gSA ;g fLFkfr;ksa dks laHkkyus vkSj tkx:drk
z lkbcj èkedh vkSj mRihM+u% viekutud lkexzh dks vkWuykbu esa o`f¼ dk ,d 'kfDr'kkyh midj.k gks ldrk gS] ysfdu blds •rjs
iksLV djuk lkbcj èkedh rFkk mRihM+u ekuk tkrk gSA rFkk laHkkfor dfe;k¡ Hkh gSaA ,slh fLFkfr;ksa ls lksp&le>dj fuiVuk]
z nq"çpkj vkSj >wBs vkjksi% >wBh tkudkjh çlkfjr djus ls fdlh lkFk gh ;fn vko';d gks rks dkuwuh lykg ysuk vkSj vius ifjokj ds
dh çfr"Bk de gks ldrh gS] blhfy;s bls f”kEesnkjh ls lk>k dY;k.k ,oa xksiuh;rk ij fopkj djuk egÙoiw.kZ gSA
djus dh vko';drk gSA
2022
z vkWuykbu tokcnsgh% i;kZIr vkSfpR; ds fcuk fdlh dks
lkoZtfud :i ls viekfur djus ls fu"i{krk ij ç'u mBrk gSA iz'u% izHkkr ,d izfrf"Br cgqjk"Vªh; daiuh LVfy±x bysfDVªd
z çkS|ksfxdh dk nq#i;ksx% çkS|ksfxfd;ksa vkSj lks'ky ehfM;k fyfeVsM esa mikè;{k (foi.ku) ds :i esa dk;Zjr FkkA
IysViQkWeks± dk nq#i;ksx uqdlku igq¡pkus] xyr lwpuk iQSykus rFkk ysfdu fiQygky daiuh eqf'dy nkSj ls xqtj jgh Fkh]
lkbcj èkedh esa Hkkx ysus ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gSA D;ksafd fiNyh nks frekfg;ksa ls fcØh esa yxkrkj fxjkoV
z lacaèkksa ij çHkko% udkjkRed vkWuykbu lkexzh ls okLrfod
dk #[k fn[kkbZ iM+ jgk FkkA mldk fMohtu] tks vc
thou ds lacaèkksa esa ruko dks c<+kok fey ldrk gS] ftlls rd daiuh ds foÙkh; LokLF; esa ,d izeq[k jktLo
vkWuykbu O;ogkj ds uSfrd gksus ds lkFk fMftVy lk{kjrk dh va'knkrk Fkk] tc muds fy;s dqN cM+s ljdkjh vkWMZj
vko';drk ds egÙo ij çdk'k iM+rk gSA izkIr djus ds fy;s Hkjld iz;kl dj jgk FkkA ysfdu
mÙkj% (b) vius ifjokj ds f•ykiQ >wBs çpkj dk eqdkcyk djus muds loksZÙke iz;klkas dks dksbZ ldkjkRed liQyrk ugha
ds fy;s lks'ky ehfM;k dk mi;ksx djus ds ykHk vkSj gkfu;k¡% feyhA
mldh daiuh is'ksoj Fkh vkSj mlds LFkkuh; ekfydksa ij
ykHk
muds yanu fLFkr eq[;ky; dh vksj ls dqN ldkjkRed
z rRdky çfrfØ;k% >wBs vkjksiksa ;k xyr lwpukvksa dks iQSyus ls ifj.kke iznf'kZr djus dk ncko FkkA dk;Zdkjh funs'kd
jksdus ds fy;s rRdky lekèkku djukA (Hkkjrh; izeq[k) }kjk dh xbZ fiNyh dk;Z&leh{kk cSBd
z O;kid igq¡p% blls viuh ckrksa dks O;kid Lrj ij igq¡pk;k tk esa mls mlds [kjkc izn'kZu ds fy;s iQVdkj yxkbZ xbZ FkhA
ldrk gSA mlus mUgsa vk'oklu fn;k fd mldk fMohtu Xokfy;j ds
z ikjnf'kZrk% lks'ky ehfM;k ij lk{; ds lkFk çkekf.kdrk lqfuf'pr ikl ,d xqIr laLFkkiu ds fy;s j{kk ea=kky; ls ,d fo'ks"k
djukA vuqcaèk ij dke dj jgk gS vkSj tYn gh fufonk tek dh
z fu;qfDr% lanHkZ çnku djrs gq, n'kZdksa ds lkFk lhèks ckrphr tk jgh gSA
djukA og vR;fèkd ncko esa Fkk vkSj cgqr ijs'kku FkkA ftl
z leFkZu tqVkuk% fe=kksa] lgdfeZ;ksa vkSj vutku O;fDr;ksa ls leFkZu ckr us gkykr dks vkSj cnrj cuk fn;k] og Fkh] Åij
çkIr djukA ls ,d psrkouh fd ;fn daiuh ds i{k esa lkSnk ugha
z 'kS{kf.kd volj% vkWuykbu O;ogkj ds ifj.kkeksa ds ckjs esa gqvk rks mldk fMohtu can djuk iM+ ldrk gS vkSj
tkx:drk c<+kukA mls viuh ykHkizn ukSdjh NksM+uh iM+ ldrh gSA
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 ,d vkSj vk;ke Fkk] tks mls xgjh ekufld ;kruk vkSj (a) bl ekeys ls lacafèkr uSfrd eqn~nksa ij ppkZ dhft;sA
ihM+k igq¡pk jgk FkkA ;g mlds O;fDrxr vfuf'pr foÙkh; (b) mi;qZDr ekeys esa izHkkr ds fy;s miyCèk fodYiksa dk
LokLF; ls lacafèkr FkkA og nks Ldwy&dkWyst tkusokys cPPkksa vkykspukRed ijh{k.k dhft;sA
vkSj viuh chekj cw<+h ek¡ okys ifjokj esa vdsyk dekus (c) mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk fodYi izHkkr ds fy;s lokZfèkd
okyk FkkA f'k{kk o fpfdRlk ij Hkkjh [kpZ ds dkj.k mlds mi;qDr gksxk vkSj D;ksa\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
ekfld osru okys iSdsV ij Hkkjh ncko iM+ jgk FkkA cSad Prabhat was working as Vice President (Marketing) at
ls fy;s x, x`g Í.k ds fy;s fu;fer bZ-,e-vkbZ- vifjgk;Z Sterling Electric Ltd., a reputed multinational company.
Fkh vkSj pwd djus ij mls xaHkhj dkuwuh dkjZokbZ ds fy;s But presently the company was passing through the
mÙkjnk;h gksuk gksxkA mi;qZDr i`"BHkwfe esa og fdlh peRdkj difficult times as the sales were continuously showing
downward trend in the last two quarters. His division,
ds ?kfVr gksus dh mEehn dj jgk FkkA vpkud ?kVukØe
which hitherto had been a major revenue contributor
esa cnyko vk x;kA mlds lfpo us crk;k fd ,d lTtu] to the company's financial health, was now desperately
lqHkk"k oekZ muls feyuk pkgrs gSa] D;ksafd mUgsa daiuh esa trying to procure some big government order for them.
izcaèkd ds in esa fnypLih gS] ftls daiuh dks Hkjuk gSA But their best efforts did not yield any positive success
iqu% mlus muds laKku esa yk;k fd mldk vkReo`Ùk j{kkea=kh or breakthrough.
ds dk;kZy; ds ekè;e ls izkIr gqvk gSA His was a professional company and his local bosses
were under pressure from their London-based HO to
mlus mEehnokj] lqHkk"k oekZ ds lk{kkRdkj ds nkSjku mls show some positive results. In the last performance
rduhdh :i ls e”kcwr] lkèku&laiUu vkSj vuqHkoh foØsrk review meeting taken by the Executive Director (India
eglwl fd;kA ,slk izrhr gksrk Fkk fd og fufonk izfØ;k Head), he was reprimanded for his poor performance.
ls Hkyh&Hkk¡fr ifjfpr gS vkSj bl lacaèk esa vuqorhZ dkjZokbZ He assured them that his division is working on a special
contract from the Ministry of Defence for a secret
o varl±caèku esa fuiq.k gSA izHkkr dks yxk fd mldh
installation near Gwalior and tender is being submitted
mEehnokjh vU; mEehnokjksa dh rqyuk esa csgrj gS] ftudk shortly.
lk{kkRdkj gky esa] fiNys dqN fnuksa esa mlus fy;k FkkA He was under extreme pressure and he was deeply
lqHkk"k oekZ us ;g Hkh ladsr fd;k fd mlds ikl cksyh perturbed. What aggravated the situation further was
nLrkos”kksa dh izfr;k¡ gSa] ftUgsa ;wuhd bysDVªkWfuDl fyfeVsM a warning from the top that if the deal is not clinched
in favour of the company, his division might have to be
vxys fnu j{kk ea=kky; dks mldh fufonk ds fy;s izLrqr
closed and he may have to quit his lucrative job.
djsxkA mlus mu nLrkos”kksa dks lkSaius dh is'kd'k dh c'krsZ
There was another dimension which was causing him
mls daiuh esa mi;qDr fu;eksa vkSj 'krks± ij jks”kxkj fn;k deep mental torture and agony. This pertained to his
tk,A mlus Li"V fd;k fd bl izfØ;k esa LVfy±x bysfDVªd personal precarious financial health. He was a single
fyfeVsM viuh izfr}a}h daiuh dks iNkM+ ldrh gS vkSj earner in the family with two school-college going
cksyh izkIr dj ldrh gS rFkk j{kk ea=kky; dk Hkkjh&Hkjde children and his old ailing mother. The heavy
expenditure on education and medical was causing a
vkWMZj izkIr dj ldrh gSA mlus ladsr fn;k fd ;g mldh
big strain to his monthly pay packet. Regular EMI for
rFkk daiuh] nksuksa ds fy;s thr gh thr gksxhA housing loan taken from bank was unavoidable and any
izHkkr fcYdqy LrCèk FkkA ;g lnek vkSj jksekap dh default would render him liable for severe legal action.
feyh&tqyh vuqHkwfr FkhA og vlgt gksdj ilhuk&ilhuk In the above backdrop, he was hoping for some miracle
gks x;kA ;fn izLrko Lohdkj dj fy;k tkrk gS rks mldh to happen. There was sudden turn of events. His
secretary informed that a gentleman-Subhash Verma
lHkh leL;k,¡ rqjar xk;c gks tk,axh vkSj mls cgqizrhf{kr
wanted to see him as he was interested in the position
fufonk gkfly djus vkSj daiuh dh fcØh vkSj foÙkh; of Manager which was to be filled in by him in the
LokLF; dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s iqjLÑr fd;k tk ldrk company. He further brought to his notice that his CV
gSA og Hkfo"; dh dkjZokbZ dks ysdj vleatl esa FkkA has been received through the office of the Minister of
og viuh [kqn dh daiuh ds dkx”kkr dks pksjh&fNis Defence.
gVkus vkSj ukSdjh ds fy;s izfr}a}h daiuh dks is'kd'k During interview of the candidate-Subhash Verma, he
found him technically sound, resourceful and
djus esa lqHkk"k oekZ dh fgEer ij vk'p;Zpfdr FkkA ,d
experienced marketeer. He seemed to be well-
vuqHkoh O;fDr gksus ds ukrs] og bl izLrko@fLFkfr ds conversant with tendering procedures and having knack
i{k&foi{k dh tk¡p dj jgk Fkk vkSj mlus mls vxys of follow-up and liaising in this regard. Prabhat felt that
fnu vkus ds fy;s dgkA he was better choice than the rest of the candidates who

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 were recently interviewed by him in the last few days. z dkWikZsjsV uSfrdrk mYya?ku ds eqís% ;fn çHkkr lqHkk"k ds xqIr
Subhash Verma also indicated that he was in possession nLrkos”kksa dks Lohdkj djrs gSa vkSj mUgsa çcaèkd in ds :i esa
of the copies of the bid documents that the Unique
is'k djrs gSaA rc ;g dkWikZsjsV uSfrdrk ds xaHkhj mYya?ku dk
Electronics Ltd. would be submitting the next day to
the Defence Ministry for their tender. ekeyk gksxkA bu ckrksa dk lkoZtfud :i ls •qyklk djus ij
He offered to hand over those documents subject to his ;g mYya?ku dkuwuh yM+kbZ dk gdnkj gSA
employment in the company on suitable terms and z çHkkr ds lkFk varjkRek ds Vdjko dk eqík% nks Ldwy tkus
conditions. He made it clear that in the process, the okys cPpksa vkSj cw<+h chekj ek¡ dh f”kEesnkjh çHkkr dh çeq•
Sterling Electric Ltd. could outbid their rival company fpark,¡ gSaA ukSdjh dh vlqj{kk vkSj xaHkhj ikfjokfjd f”kEesnkjh dk
and get the bid and hefty Defence Ministry order. He
ncko mlds foosd esa la?k"kZ dh fLFkfr iSnk djrk gSA
indicated that it will be win-win situation for both-him
and the company. z lkè; cuke lkèku% ;fn çHkkr lqHkk"k oekZ ds xqIr nLrkos”kksa dks
Prabhat was absolutely stunned. It was a mixed feeling Lohdkj djrk gS rks ;g xyr lkèkuksa dk mi;ksx djds vafre
of shock and thrill. He was uncomfortable and y{; çkIr djus dk Li"V ekeyk gksxkA
perspiring. If accepted, all his problems would vanish z LokFkZ cuke uSfrdrk% lqHkk"k oekZ dk çcaèkdh; in çkIr djus
instantly and he may be rewarded for securing the much ds fy;s çHkkr dks xqIr nLrkos”k lkSaius dk çLrko lkoZtfud
awaited tender and thereby boosting company's sales
uSfrdrk dh dher ij LokFkZ dk dk;Z gSA
and financial health. He was in a fix as to the future
course of action. He was wonder-struck at the guts of (b) çHkkr ds fy;s miyCèk fodYi
Subhash Verma in having surreptitiously removing his çHkkr] lqHkk"k oekZ dks çcaèkd ds :i esa fu;qDr dj ldrk
own company papers and offering to the rival company
gS vkSj lqHkk"k ds xqIr nLrkos”kksa dh enn ls fufonk cksyh tek
for a job. Being an experienced person, he was
examining the pros and cons of the proposal/situation
dj ldrk gSA
and he asked him to come the next day. xq.k
(a) Discuss the ethical issues involved in the case. z çHkkr dh daiuh dks cgqçrhf{kr VsaMj fn;k tk ldrk gSA
(b) Critically examine the options available to Prabhat z çHkkr dh daiuh dh fcØh vkSj foÙkh; lsgr esa lqèkkj gks ldrk gSA
in the above situation.
z çHkkr dh vkd"kZd ukSdjh lqjf{kr gksxhA mls inksUufr fey ldrh gSA
(c) Which of the above would be the most appropriate
z çHkkr dh cw<+h chekj ek¡ vkSj muds nks Ldwy tkus okys cPpksa
for Prabhat and why?
ds thou esa dksbZ dBksjrk ugha vk,xhA
mÙkj% Åij ppkZ fd;s x, dsl LVMh esa fofHkUu laHkkfor fgrèkkjd&
z lqHkk"k oekZ dks çcaèkdh; ukSdjh fey ldrh gSA
z LV²yx bysfDVªd fyfeVsM esa mikè;{k (foi.ku) ds :i esa çHkkrA
nks"k
z LV²yx bysfDVªd fyfeVsM dk fgrA
z lqHkk"k oekZ ds lkFk bZekunkjh vkSj lR;fu"Bk ds eqís gSaA lqHkk"k
z lqHkk"k oekZ cuke ;wfud bysDVªkWfuDl fyfeVsM oekZ ij çHkkr dk Hkjkslk daiuh ds fy;s Hkfo"; esa laHkkfor
z çHkkr vkSj mldh xaHkhj ikfjokfjd f”kEesnkjhA tksf•e iSnk dj ldrk gSA
z j{kk ea=kky; vkSj mldk vuqcaèk (jk"Vªh; lqj{kk)A z vxj fdlh rjg xqIr nLrkos”kksa ds yhdst dk •qyklk gqvk rks

(a) bl ekeys esa 'kkfey uSfrd eqís çHkkr mldh daiuh vkSj lqHkk"k oekZ ij dkuwuh ekeyk yxk;k
tk ldrk gSA
z O;kolkf;d uSfrdrk cuke O;fDrxr uSfrdrk% O;kolkf;d
z nLrkos”kksa ds vknku&çnku ls lkoZtfud :i ls •qyklk gksus ij
uSfrdrk O;kolkf;drk ds fu;eksa ij fVds jgus dh ekax djrh çHkkr dh daiuh dh çfr"Bk vkSj Nfo dks uqdlku gks ldrk gSA
gSA lqHkk"k oekZ dk xqIr nLrkos”k lkSaius dk çLrko is'ksoj uSfrdrk
z ;g egÙoiw.kZ j{kk ifj;kstuk gS] blfy;s fufonk esa dksbZ Hkh xyr
ds lkFk&lkFk O;fDrxr v•aMrk dk Hkh mYya?ku gSA ;fn çHkkr dke vkSj nLrkos”k èkks•kèkM+h xaHkhj jk"Vªh; lqj{kk tksf•e dk
çLrko dks Lohdkj djrk gS] rks bls is'ksoj uSfrdrk vkSj O;fDrxr gdnkj gks ldrk gSA
uSfrdrk dk mYya?ku Hkh ekuk tk,xkA çHkkr lqHkk"k oekZ ds vkosnu dks vLohdkj dj ldrs gSa vkSj
z lqHkk"k oekZ ds lkFk bZekunkjh vkSj fo'okl dk eqík% ;fn iwjh bZekunkjh ds lkFk cksyh tek dj ldrs gSa rFkk ifj.kke dh çrh{kk
lqHkk"k oekZ çcaèkdh; in ds ykHk ds fy;s viuh orZeku daiuh dj ldrs gSaA mUgsa ;kstuk B ds :i esa daiuh ds foÙkh; LokLF; dks
ds lkFk èkks•k dj ldrs gSa] rks D;k xkjaVh gS fd og bl daiuh c<+kok nsus ds fy;s u, voljksa dh •kst gsrq ,d Rofjr çfrfØ;k
dks vkSj vfèkd ykHk ds fy;s èkks•k ugha nsaxs\ Vhe fu;qDr djuh pkfg;sA
565
xq.k (c) çHkkr ds fy;s lcls mi;qDr fodYi
z çHkkr •qn dks vkSj viuh daiuh dks Hkfo"; ds laHkkfor tksf•e çHkkr lqHkk"k oekZ ds vkosnu dks vLohdkj dj ldrk gS vkSj
ls cpk ldrs gSaA iwjh bZekunkjh lss fufonk cksyh tek dj ldrk gS rFkk ifj.kke dh
z çHkkr vkSj mldh daiuh laHkkfor dkuwuh eqíksa ls lqjf{kr gks ldrh gSA çrh{kk dj ldrk gS ,oa mUgsa ;kstuk B ds :i esa daiuh ds foÙkh;
z çHkkr mRÑ"V dkWikZsjsV uSfrdrk vkSj lokZsPp bZekunkjh dk ,d LokLF; dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s u, voljksa dh •kst gsrq ,d Rofjr
mnkgj.k LFkkfir djsaxsA çfrfØ;k Vhe fu;qDr djuh pkfg;sA
z lqHkk"k oekZ ds çLrko dks Bqdjkdj çHkkr jk"Vª dks laHkkfor jk"Vªh; lqHkk"k oekZ ds lkFk dqN fo'okl vkSj v•aMrk ds eqís dk gokyk
lqj{kk tksf•e ls cpk ldrs gSaA nsrs gq, çHkkr dks lqHkk"k oekZ ds çLrko vkSj çcaèkdh; in ds :i
nks"k esa mudh mEehnokjh dks vLohdkj dj nsuk pkfg;sA mUgsa lqHkk"k oekZ
z çHkkr dh daiuh cgqçrhf{kr fufonk çkIr djus esa foiQy gks dks dM+h psrkouh nsuh pkfg;s vkSj crkuk pkfg;s fd muds f•ykiQ
ldrh gSA laHkkfor dkuwuh dkjZokbZ dh tk ldrh gSA
z çHkkr dh vkd"kZd ukSdjh •ks ldrh gS] blfy;s mlds Ldwy çHkkr dks fufonk çkIr djus ds fy;s cgqr esgur djuh pkfg;s]
tkus okys cPpksa vkSj cw<+h chekj ek¡ dks ukSdjh NwVus ds dkj.k D;ksafd fufonk cksyh cgqr çkjafHkd pj.k esa gS] blfy;s mls fdlh
dqN dfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gSA fu"d"kZ ij ugha igq¡puk pkfg;sA mls gj laHko 'kksèk djuk pkfg;s vkSj
z mldh daiuh dh fcØh vkSj foÙkh; LokLF; •jkc gks ldrk gSA O;kolkf;drk ds lHkh lsVksa ds lkFk viuh fufonk tek djus ds fy;s
çHkkr NqV~Vh ds fy;s vkosnu dj ldrk gSA dM+h esgur djuh pkfg;sA fiQj ifj.kke dh çrh{kk djsaA ;kstuk B ds
xq.k :i esa og viuh daiuh ds foÙkh; LokLF; dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s
vxj NqV~Vh nh tkrh gS] rks dqN u, voljksa dh rsth ls •kst djus ds fy;s ,d Rofjr çfrfØ;k
z og varjkRek ds la?k"kZ ls •qn dks cpk ldrk gSA Vhe fu;qDr dj ldrk gSA mls bl ;kstuk vkSj j.kuhfr ls vius
z mudh tokcnsgh vkSj mÙkjnsfgrk dks LFkkukarfjr fd;k tk ldrk gSA mPpkfèkdkfj;ksa dks voxr djkuk pkfg;sA ;fn fufonk ifj.kke i{k esa
nks"k ugha vkrk gS] rks og ;kstuk B is'k dj ldrk gSA
z VsaMj iQsy gksus ij mldk foHkkx can fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj ;g dbZ rjg ls enn djsxk
mldh ukSdjh tk ldrh gSA z og vR;fèkd O;kolkf;drk vkSj O;fDrxr lR;fu"Bk dk ,d
z mldh daiuh dk foÙkh; LokLF; vkSj fcØh •jkc gks ldrh gSA mnkgj.k LFkkfir dj ldrk gSA
z mlds ifjokj dks eqf'dyksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gSA z og laHkkfor jk"Vªh; lqj{kk tksf•e ls jk"Vª dks cpk ldrk gSA
z çHkkr ukSdjh ds u, fodYi •kst ldrk gSA z og lgh y{; ds fy;s mfpr lkèkuksa ds Kku ij fVdk jg ldrk gSA
xq.k z LokFkZ ij uSfrdrk dh thr gksxhA

rqjar ukSdjh dk vkWiQj feys rks ;|fi] çHkkr vius ifjokj esa nks Ldwy tkus okys cPpksa vkSj
cw<+h chekj ek¡ ds lkFk&lkFk thou esa xaHkhj vkfFkZd fparkvksa ds lkFk
z og iwjh bZekunkjh ds lkFk vkSj fcuk fdlh ukSdjh vlqj{kk ds
ncko ds dke dj ldrk gSA ,dy dekus okyk gS] ysfdu mls ykyp] xyr lkèkuksa vkSj LokFkZ ij
lR;fu"Bk] bZekunkjh] uSfrdrk vkSj jk"Vªh; fgr dks pquuk pkfg;sA
z fo'okl ds eqíksa dk gokyk nsrs gq,] og lqHkk"k oekZ ds çLrko
dks èkhjs ls vLohdkj dj ldrk gSA iz'u% jes'k jkT; flfoy lsok esa vfèkdkjh gSa] ftUgsa 20 lky
z og dkWikZsjsV uSfrdrk ekudksa vkSj O;fDrxr v•aMrk dks cuk, dh lsok ds ckn lhekorhZ jkT; dh jktèkkuh esa rSukr
j•us dk ,d mRÑ"V mnkgj.k LFkkfir dj ldrk gSA gksus dk volj feyk gSA jes'k dh ek¡ dks gky gh esa
z og vius ifjokj dks Hkfo"; esa fdlh Hkh dfBukbZ dk lkeuk dSalj dk irk pyk gS vkSj mUgsa 'kgj ds izeq[k dSalj
djus ls cpk ldrk gSA vLirky esa HkrhZ djk;k x;k gSA muds fd'kksjo; nks
nks"k cPpksa dks Hkh 'kgj ds lcls vPNs ifCyd Ldwyksa esa ls
z ;g ”k:jrean le; esa daiuh ds çfr mudh oiQknkjh ij loky ,d esa izos'k feyk gSA jkT; ds x`g foHkkx esa funs'kd
•M+k djsxkA ds :i esa viuh fu;qfDr esa O;ofLFkr gks tkus ds ckn]
z gks ldrk gS fd mls mruh vkd"kZd ukSdjh u feys] ftruh vHkh gSA jes'k dks [kqfiQ;k lw=kksa ds ekè;e ls xksiuh; fjiksVZ feyh
z daiuh viuh cpr vkSj vU; ifjyfCèk;ksa dks jksd ldrh gS tks fd voSèk izoklh iM+kslh ns'k ls jkT; esa ?kqliSB dj jgs
daiuh ds ikl gSaA gSaA mUgksaus r; fd;k fd os O;fDrxr :i esa vius x`g
566
 foHkkx dh Vhe ds lkFk lhekorhZ pkSfd;ksa dh vkdfLed Card, Ration Card and Voter Card are also forged
tk¡p djsaxsA muds fy;s vk'p;Z Fkk fd mUgksaus lhek and they are made to settle down in a particular area
of the State. Ramesh prepared the detailed and
pkSfd;ksa ij lqj{kk dfeZ;ksa dh feyhHkxr ls ?kqliSB djus comprehensive report and submitted to the Additional
okys nks ifjokjksa ds 12 lnL;ksa dks j¡axs gkFkksa idM+kA Secretary of the State. However, he has summoned
vkxs dh iwNrkN vkSj tk¡p eas ;g ik;k x;k fd iM+kslh by the Additional Home Secretary after a week and
was instructed to withdraw the report. The Additional
ns'k ds izokfl;ksa dh ?kqliSB ds ckn] muds vkèkkj dkMZ]
Home Secretary informed Ramesh that the report
jk'ku dkMZ vkSj oksVj dkMZ tSls tkyh nLrkos”k cukdj submitted by him has not been appreciated by the
mUgsa jkT; ds ,d fo'ks"k {ks=k esa clk;k tkrk gSA higher authorities. He further cautioned him that if
jes'k us foLr`r vkSj O;kid fjiksVZ rS;kj dj jkT; ds he fails to withdraw the confidential report, he will
not only be posted out from the prestigious
vfrfjDr lfpo dks lkSai nhA gkyk¡fd ,d lIrkg ds appointment from the State capital but his further
ckn vfrfjDr x`g lfpo us mUgsa ryc fd;k vkSj fjiksVZ promotion which is due in near future will also get
okil ysus dk funsZ'k fn;kA vfrfjDr x`g lfpo us jes'k in jeopardy.
dks crk;k fd mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa us mudh lkSaih xbZ (a) What are the options available to Ramesh as the
fjiksVZ dh ljkguk ugha dh gSA mUgksaus iqu% mUgsa lkoèkku Director of the Home Department of the
bordering State?
fd;k fd ;fn og xksiuh; fjiksVZ okil ugha ysrs gSa rks (b) What option should Ramesh adopt and why?
mUgas u dsoy jkT; dh jktèkkuh dh izfrf"Br fu;qfDr (c) Critically evaluate each of the options.
ls ckgj rSukr dj fn;k tk,xk cfYd mudh fudV (d) What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by
Hkfo"; esa gksusokyh vxyh inksUufr [krjs eas iM+ tk,xhA Ramesh?
(a) lhekorhZ jkT; ds x`g foHkkx ds funs'kd ds :i esa
(e) What policy measures would you suggest to
combat the menace of infiltration of illegal
jes'k ds ikl dkSu&ls fodYi miyCèk gSa\
migrants from the neighbouring country?
(b) jes'k dks dkSu&lk fodYi viukuk pkfg;s vkSj D;ksa\
mÙkj% nh xbZ dsl LVMh ,d vkorhZ eqís ls lacafèkr gS ftldk
(c) izR;sd fodYi dk vkykspukRed ewY;kadu dhft;sA
ukSdj'kkgh esa vfèkdkjh lkeuk djrs gSaA ;g dsl LVMh vfuok;Z :i
(d) jes'k ds lkeus dkSu&lh uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡ gSa\ ls ofj"Bksa ds vkns'kksa dk ikyu djus ,oa laxBukRed inkuqØe dk
(e) iM+kslh ns'k ls voSèk izokfl;ksa dh ?kqliSB ds [krjs ls ikyu djus cuke mfpr dkjZokbZ djus ds eqís dk çfrfufèkRo djrh gSA
fuiVus ds fy;s vki fdu uhfrxr mik;ksa dk lq>ko mÙkj % (a) ç'u esa mfYyf•r fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s jes'k
nsaxs\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad) ds ikl dqN fodYi miyCèk gSaA
Ramesh is State Civil Services Officer who got the
z jes'k vius ofj"B vfèkdkjh ds funZs'k ij fjiksVZ okil ys ldrs gSaA
opportunity of getting posted to the capital of a
border State after rendering 20 years of service. z og bl eqís dks muds laKku esa ykdj vius ofj"Bksa dks 'kkfey
Ramesh's mother has recently been detected cancer djus dk ç;kl dj ldrs gSa vkSj mUgsa mfpr dkjZokbZ djus ds
and has been admitted in the leading cancer hospital
of the city. His two adolescent children have also got fy;s jkth dj ldrs gSaA
admission in one of the best public schools of the town. z og fjiksVZ dks lhèks dsaæh; x`g ea=kky; dks Hkh Hkst ldrs gSa vkSj
After settling down in his appointment as Director (a) voSèk vçokl ds eqís vkSj (b) jkT; Lrj ij vius ofj"Bksa
in the Home Department of the State, Ramesh got
confidential report through intelligence sources that ds vlg;ksxh joS;s dks mtkxj dj ldrs gSaA
illegal migrants are infiltrating in the State from the z og bl eqís dks gy djus ds fy;s mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa dks etcwj
neighbouring country. He decided to personally carry djus ds gsrq ehfM;k ds lkFk fjiksVZ lk>k dj ldrs gSaA
out surprise check of the border posts along with his
Home Department team. To his surprise, he caught mÙkj % (b) Åij of.kZr fodYiksa esa ls jes'k fuEufyf•r fodYiksa
red-handed two families of 12 members infiltrated dks mudh O;ogk;Zrk vkSj O;kogkfjdrk ds vkèkkj ij pqu ldrk gSaA
with the connivance of the security personnel at the
z jes'k vius ofj"B ds funZs'k ds vuqlkj] fjiksVZ okil ys ldrs gSa
border posts. On further inquiry and investigation,
it was found that after the migrants from neighbouring vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr dj ldrs gSa fd yacs le; esa mudk dfj;j
country infiltrate, their documentation like Aadhaar •rjs esa u iM+sA
567
 z jes'k dks vfrfjDr x`g lfpo dks mudh fjiksVZ Lohdkj dks eukus z O;fDrxr fgr cuke jk"Vªh; fgr% O;fDrxr fgr vkSj dWfj;j
dh dksf'k'k djuh pkfg;s D;ksafd blls (a) muds dfj;j dks dh laHkkouk,¡ vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ ;k jk"Vªh; fgrA
•rjk ugha gksxk vkSj (b) ;g lqfuf'pr djsaxs fd bl eqís dks z ofj"Bksa ds çfr tokcnsgh cuke yksxksa ds çfr tokcnsgh%
mfpr Lrj ij lacksfèkr fd;k tk,A vius ofj"Bksa ;k yksxksa ds fgrksa dh lsok djus ds chp fodYiA
z og vukSipkfjd rjhds ls bl eqís dks muds laKku esa ykdj
z uSfrd lkgl cuke inkuqØe dk ikyu% lgh dkjZokbZ ds fy;s
vfèkd ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa dks 'kkfey djus dk ç;kl dj ldrs
,d fu.kZ; ysus cuke inkuqØe dk ikyu djus vkSj Js"B dh
gSa (a) vius rRdky ofj"Bksa ds fojksèk ls cpus vkSj (b) bl eqís
ln~Hkkouk vftZr djus ds chp fodYiA
dks gy djus ds fy;sA
z blds vykok og viuh fjiksVZ lhèks jkT; ds eq[; lfpo ;k ;gk¡
mÙkj % (e) voSèk vçokl ls fuiVus ds fy;s fuEufyf•r mik;
rd fd dsaæh; x`g ea=kky; dks Hkst ldrs gSa rkfd (a) mPpre viuk, tk ldrs gS%
Lrj ij eqís dk lekèkku lqfuf'pr fd;k tk lds vkSj (b) jkT; z egÙoiw.kZ lhek volajpuk (lM+dksa] ckM+] jks'kuh vkfn) esa lqèkkjA
Lrj ij ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ds vlg;ksx ds eqís dks mtkxj fd;k z lhek lqj{kk vkSj fuxjkuh dk;ks± ds fy;s vfrfjDr dfeZ;ksa dh
tk ldsA rSukrhA
mÙkj % (c) jes'k ds fy;s miyCèk fodYiksa dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ z voSèk vçokl ds ekeyksa esa Hkz"Vkpkj ds çfr thjks VkWyjsalA
ewY;kadu Hkh vko';d gSA z dq'ky lhek çcaèku vkSj fuxjkuh ds fy;s çkS|ksfxdh (Mªksu] mixzg
z fjiksVZ okil ysuk
bestjh] vkfn) dk mi;ksxA
z ldkjkRed
z O;kid ,dhÑr lhek çcaèku ç.kkyh (lhvkbZch,e,l) vkSj lhek
z ukSdj'kkgh inkuqØe ds fy;s lEeku
bysDVªkWfud :i ls çHkqRo okyh D;wvkjVh baVjlsI'ku rduhd
z vius ofj"Bksa dh ln~Hkkouk
(cksYM&D;wvkbZVh) ifj;kstukvksa dk çHkkoh dk;kZUo;uA
z lqpk# dfj;j fodkl vkSj çxfr
iz'u% mPPkre U;k;ky; us ou vkoj.k ds {kj.k dks jksdus vkSj
z udkjkRed
ikfjfLFkfrd larqyu cuk, j[kus ds fy;s vjkoyh igkfM+;ksa
z uSfrd lkgl dh deh
esa [kuu ij izfrcaèk yxk fn;k gSA gkyk¡fd] dqN Hkz"V ou
z voSèk vçokl ds ekeyksa esa vkSj o`f¼ gks ldrh gS vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj jktusrkvksa dh feyhHkxr ls izHkkfor jkT;
z fjiksVZ dks mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa] vFkkZr eq[; lfpo vkSj@;k dsaæh; ds lhekorhZ f”kys esa iRFkj&[kuu fiQj Hkh izpfyr FkkA gky
x`g ea=kky; dks vxzsf"kr djukA gh esa izHkkfor f”kys esa rSukr ;qok vkSj lfØ; ,l-ih- us
z ldkjkRed bl [krjs dks jksdus ds fy;s [kqn ls oknk fd;k FkkA viuh
z uSfrd lkgl dk çn'kZu Vhe ds lkFk vpkud tk¡p esa] mUgksaus [kuu {ks=k ls cpus
z fu.kZ; ysus dh {kerk dh dksf'k'k dj jgk iRFkj ls Hkjk Vªd ik;kA mlus bl Vªd
z leL;k dk lekèkku lqfuf'pr djuk dks jksdus dksf'k'k dh] ysfdu Vªd pkyd us iqfyl
z udkjkRed vfèkdkjh dks dqpy fn;k] ftlls mldh ekSds ij gh ekSr
z HkkoukRed HkkxiQy dh deh çnf'kZr djrk gS gks xbZ vkSj og blds ckn ogk¡ ls Hkkxus esa liQy jgkA
z vkpkj lafgrk ds f•ykiQ iqfyl us izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ (,iQ-vkbZ-vkj-) ntZ dh]
z ehfM;k dks 'kkfey djuk ysfdu djhc rhu eghus rd ekeys esa dksbZ liQyrk gkfly
z ldkjkRed ugha gqbZA v'kksd] tks izeq[k Vh-oh- pSuy ds lkFk dke dj
z ifj.kkeh ncko ds dkj.k vfèkdkfj;ksa dks dkjZokbZ djus ds fy;s jgs [kksth i=kdkj Fks] us Lor% laKku ls ekeys dh tk¡p
etcwj djuk 'kq: dhA ,d eghus eas gh v'kksd dks LFkkuh; yksxksa]
z udkjkRed iRFkj&[kuu ekfiQ;k vkSj ljdkjh vfèkdkfj;ksa ls ckrphr
z lsok fu;eksa vkSj vkpkj lafgrk ds f•ykiQ dj liQyrk feyhA mUgksaus viuh [kksth fjiksVZ rS;kj dh
z lwpuk dh vkykspukRed çÑfr ds dkj.k nq#i;ksx dh laHkkouk vkSj Vh-oh- pSuy ds lh-,e-Mh- ds lkeus is'k dhA mUgksaus
mÙkj % (d) jes'k fuEufyf•r uSfrd nqfoèkkvksa dk lkeuk djrk gS% viuh tk¡p fjiksVZ esa Hkz"V iqfyl vkSj flfoy vfèkdkfj;ksa
z vkpkj lafgrk vkSj lsok fu;e cuke dÙkZO; ds çfr leiZ.k% rFkk jktusrkvksa ds vk'khokZn ls dke djus okys iRFkj
vkpkj lafgrk vkSj lsok fu;eksa dk ikyu djus ds i{k esa viuk ekfiQ;k dh iwjh xBtksM+ dk [kqyklk fd;kA ekfiQ;k esa
dÙkZO; djus ;k u djus ds chp fodYiA 'kkfey jktusrk dksbZ vkSj ugha cfYd LFkkuh; foèkk;d Fks]

568
 tks eq[;ea=kh ds csgn djhch ekus tkrs gSaA tk¡p fjiksVZ ns[kus making the story public through electronic media. He
informed that the local MLA was not only the relative
ds ckn lh-,e-Mh- us v'kksd dks lykg nh fd og
of the owner of the TV channel but also had unofficially
bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k ds ekè;e ls fjiksVZ dks lkoZtfud 20 percent share in the channel. The CMD further
djus dk fopkj NksM+ nsaA mUgksaus lwfpr fd;k fd LFkkuh; informed Ashok that his further promotion and hike in
foèkk;d u dsoy Vh-oh- pSuy ds ekfyd ds fj'rsnkj Fks pay will be taken care of in addition the soft loan of `10
lakhs which he has taken from the TV channel for his
cfYd vukSipkfjd :i ls pSuy ds lkFk 20 izfr'kr ds son's chronic disease will be suitably adjusted if he
fgLlsnkj Hkh gSaA lh-,e-Mh- us v'kksd dks vkxs crk;k fd hands over the investigative report to him.
vxj og tk¡p fjiksVZ mUgsa lkSai ns] rks muds csVs dh iqjkuh (a) What are the options available with Ashok to
chekjh ds fy;s Vh-oh- pSuy ls mèkkj fy;s x, 10 yk[k cope up with the situation?
(b) Critically evaluate/examine each of the options
#i, ds lkWÝV yksu ds vykok mudh vkxs dh inksUufr identified by Ashok.
vkSj osru esa c<+ksrjh dk è;ku j[kk tk,xkA (c) What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by
(a) bl fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s v'kksd ds ikl D;k Ashok?
fodYi miyCèk gSa\ (d) Which of the options, do you think, would be the
most appropriate for Ashok to adopt and why?
(b) v'kksd }kjk fpfÉr fd;s x, izR;sd fodYi dk
(e) In the above scenario, what type of training would
lekykspukRed ewY;kadu@ijh{k.k dhft;sA you suggest for police officers posted to such
(c) v'kksd dks fdu uSfrd nqfoèkkvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ districts where stone mining illegal activities are
jgk gS\ rampant?
(d) vkidks D;k yxrk gS fd v'kksd ds fy;s fdl fodYi mÙkj% ;g dsl LVMh lqjsaæ flag ds leku çrhr gksrh gS] 59
dks viukuk lcls mi;qDr gksxk vkSj D;ksa\ o"khZ; iqfyl mikèkh{kd (DSP) dks 19 tqykbZ] 2022 dks gfj;k.kk ds
(e) mi;qZDr ifjn`'; esa] vki ,sls f”kyksa esa rSukr iqfyl ipxk¡o xk¡o ds ikl •uu xfrfofèk;ksa dks jksdus dh dksf'k'k ds nkSjku
vfèkdkfj;ksa ds fy;s fdl izdkj ds izf'k{k.k dk lq>ko ,d Maij }kjk dqpy fn;k x;k FkkA
nsaxs]tgk¡ iRFkj&[kuu dh voSèk xfrfofèk;k¡ izpfyr gSa\ fgrèkkjd
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z Hkz"V vfèkdkjh vkSj jktusrk z •uu ekfiQ;k
The Supreme Court has banned mining in the Aravalli
Hills to stop degradation of the forest cover and to z ,l-ih- z U;k;ra=k
maintain ecological balance. However, the stone mining z v'kksd (i=kdkj) z LFkkuh; foèkk;d
was still prevalent in the border district of the affected
State with connivance of certain corrupt forest officials
z iqfyl vfèkdkjh z LFkkuh; yksx

and politicians. Young and dynamic SP who was recently z Vhoh pSuy ds lh-,e-Mh- z eq[;ea=kh
posted in the affected district promised to himself to stop xq.k vkSj nks"k lfgr v'kksd ds ikl fodYi
this menace. In one of his surprise checks with his team,
he found loaded truck with stone trying to escape the fodYi xq.k nks"k
mining area. He tried to stop the truck but the truck (a) lh-,e-Mh- dh 1. osru o`f¼ vkSj 1. var%dj.k dh gkfuA
driver overrun the police officer, killing him on the spot
and thereafter managed to flee. Police filed FIR but no
lykg dk inksUufrA 2. ,l-ih- ds lkFk
breakthrough was achieved in the case for almost three ikyu djsa 2. c s V s dh iq j kuh vU;k;
months. Ashok who was the Investigative Journalist chekjh ds bykt 3. eqDr ehfM;k dk
working with leading TV channel, suo moto started ds fy;s lkWÝV yksu
investigating the case. Within one month, Ashok got
uqdlkuA
breakthrough by interacting with local people, stone fn;k tk,xkA
mining mafia and government officials. He prepared his (b) fjiksVZ 1. i=kdkj ds :i esa 1. ukSdjh dk uqdlku
investigative story and presented to the CMD of the TV lkoZtfud v'kksd dh gks ldrk gSA
channel. He exposed in his investigative report the
complete nexus of stone mafia working with blessing of
djsa yksdfç;rk c<+sxhA 2. ekfiQ;k ls tku ls
corrupt police and civil officials and politicians. The 2. ,l-ih- vkSj muds ekjus dh èkedh
politician who was involved in the mafia was no one else ifjokj dks U;k; fey ldrh gS
but local MLA who was considered to be very close to
feysxkA 3. ukSdjh ls fudkyk
the Chief Minister. After going through the investigative
report, the CMD advised Ashok to drop the idea of tk ldrk gSA

569
 (c) bLrhiQk nsa 1.  'kksd vius
v 1. c sVs ds bykt ds iz'u% vkius rhu lky igys ,d izfrf"Br laLFkku ls ,e-ch-,-
vkSj vU; var% dj.k dks fy;s iSls ugha gSaA fd;k gS ysfdu dksfoM&19 ls mRiUu eanh ds dkj.k dSail
jkLrs •kstsa cpk ldsaA ;gk¡ rd fd og IyslesaV ugha fey ldkA exj] cgqr vuqu; rFkk fyf[kr
2. og ;wVÔwc ds ej Hkh ldrk gSA vkSj lk{kkRdkj lfgr cgqr lkjh izfr;ksxh ijh{kkvksa dh
ekè;e ls fjiksVZ 2. og dqN le; ds Ük`a[kyk ds ckn] vki ,d vxz.kh twrk daiuh esa ukSdjh
dks çpkfjr dj fy;s csjks”kxkj gks ikus esa liQy jgsA vkids o`¼ ekrk&firk gSa] tks vkfJr
ldrs gSaA ldrk gSA gSa vkSj vkids lkFk jg jgs gSaA vkius Hkh gky gh esa ;g
v'kksd ds le{k uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡ 'kkyhu ukSdjh ikdj 'kknh dh gSA vkidks fujh{k.k vuqHkkx
z O;fDrxr fodkl cuke lkekftd U;k;% mUgsa osru o`f¼ vkSj esa fu;qDr fd;k x;k Fkk] tks vafre mRikn dks eatwjh nsus
inksUufr feysxh] ysfdu ;g ,l-ih- ds ifjokj ds lkFk vU;k; ds fy;s tokcnsg gSA igys ,d o"kZ esa vkius viuk dke
gksxkA vijkfèk;ksa dks dHkh l”kk ugha feysxhA vPNh rjg ls lh[kk vkSj izcaèku }kjk vkids izn'kZu dh
z muds csVs dh HkykbZ cuke Lora=k ehfM;k% mUgsa vius csVs ds ljkguk dh xbZA daiuh fiNys ik¡p lky ls ?kjsyw cktkj esa
bykt ds fy;s vklkuh ls ½.k çkIr gks ldsxk] ysfdu yksdra=k vPNk dkjksckj dj jgh gS vkSj bl lky ;wjksi vkSj [kkM+h
dk pkSFkk LraHk ej tk,xkA ns'kksa dks fu;kZr djus dk Hkh iQSlyk fd;k x;k gSA gkyk¡fd]
z Hkz"Vkpkj cuke ,l-ih- ds ifjokj dks U;k;% Hkz"V jktusrkvksa ;wjksi ds fy;s ,d cM+h [ksi dks muds fujh{k.k ny }kjk
vkSj ekfiQ;kvksa ds chp lk¡Bxk¡B vkSj c<+sxhA Hkfo"; esa iqfyl dqN [kjkc xq.koÙkk ds dkj.k vLohdkj dj fn;k x;k
vfèkdkjh dBksj dkjZokbZ djus esa de vkRefo'okl eglwl djsaxsA vkSj okil Hkst fn;k x;k FkkA 'kh"kZ izcaèku us vkns'k fn;k
z lk¡Bxk¡B cuke uSfrdrk% v'kksd dh uSfrdrk vkSj lnkpkj ej fd ?kjsyw ck”kkj ds fy;s iwoksZDr [ksi dh eatwjh nh tk,A
tk,xkA Hkfo"; esa vkSj Hkh ekfiQ;k mHkjdj lkeus vk,¡xsA fujh{k.k ny ds ,d vax ds :i es vkius Li"V [kjkc
xq.koÙkk dks ns[kk vkSj Vhe dekaMj ds laKku esa yk;kA
(d) v'kksd ds fy;s lcls mi;qDr fodYi
gkyk¡fd] 'kh"kZ izcaèku us Vhe ds lHkh lnL;ksa dks bu dfe;ksa
z fodYi C v'kksd ds fy;s lcls mi;qDr gSA mUgsa vius in ls dks u”kj&vankt djus dh lykg nh] D;ksafd bruk cM+k
bLrhiQk ns nsuk pkfg;s vkSj viuk ;wVÔwc pSuy 'kq: djds fjiksVZ uqdlku izcaèku ugha lg ldrkA vkids vykok Vhe ds
lkoZtfud djuh pkfg;sA ckdh lnL;ksa us Li"V nks"kksa dks u”kj&vankt djrs gq, rqjar
z blds vykok mUgsa vU; ehfM;k pSuyksa esa Hkh ukSdjh ds fy;s gLrk{kj dj fn;s vkSj ?kjsyw ck”kkj ds fy;s [ksi dks eatwjh
vkosnu djuk pkfg;sA ns nhA vkius fiQj ls Vhe dekaMj ds laKku esa yk;k fd
z bl rjg ehfM;k pSuy] Hkz"V jktusrkvksa] yksd lsodksa vkSj [kuu bl rjg dh [ksi dh vxj ?kjsyw cktkj ds fy;s Hkh eatwjh
ekfiQ;k ds xBtksM+ ds ihNs dh lPpkbZ lkeus vk tk,xhA ns nh tkrh gS rks daiuh dh Nfo vkSj izfr"Bk dks èkDdk
(e) ,sls
fT+kyksa esa rSukr iqfyl yxsxk rFkk yacs le; esa izfrdwy vlj gksxkA gkyk¡fd]
vfèkdkfj;ksa ds fy;s çf'k{k.k dk çk:i vkids 'kh"kZ izcaèku }kjk vkxs lykg nh xbZ Fkh fd ;fn
z dfBu bykds esa okgu Mªkbfoax çf'k{k.k ekWMÔwyA vki [ksi dks eatwjh ugha nsrs gSa rks daiuh dqN vgkfudj
z fuxjkuh ds fy;s Mªksu tSlh vkèkqfud rduhdksa ds mi;ksx gsrq
dkj.kksa dk gokyk nsrs gq, vkidh lsok dks lekIr djus
çf'k{k.kA esa ladksp ugha djsxhA
z vkèkqfud gfFk;kj vkSj çf'k{k.k çnku fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA (a) nh xbZ 'krks± ds rgr] fujh{k.k ny ds lnL; ds :i

z ,slh lkbVksa ij Nkisekjh ds fy;s ekud lapkyu çfØ;kA

esa vkids fy;s dkSu&ls fodYi miyCèk gSa\
z 24×7 dsaæh; fu;a=k.k d{k ls iw.kZ leFkZu vkSj lapkj pSuy gksuk
(b) vkids }kjk lwphc¼ izR;sd fodYi dk lekykspukRed

pkfg;sA ewY;kadu dhft;sA

Hkkjr ,d yksdrkaf=kd ns'k gS vkSj ehfM;k dks yksdra=k dk pkSFkk (c) vki dkSu&lk fodYi viuk,axs vkSj D;ksa\
LraHk dgk tkrk gSA blfy;s ehfM;k dh f”kEesnkjh gS fd og lPph (d) vki fdu uSfrd nqfoèkkvksa dk lkeuk dj jgs gSa\
fjiksVZ çdkf'kr djs vkSj Hkz"V yksxksa dks csudkc djsA ehfM;k og gS tks (e) fujh{k.k ny }kjk mBkbZ xbZ fVIif.k;ksa dh vuns[kh ds
lcwr is'k djrh gS vkSj mlds ckn gh U;k;ikfydk fu.kZ; ns ldrh gSA D;k ifj.kke gks ldrs gSa\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad)

570
 You have done MBA from a reputed institution three z eSa çcaèku dks mRikn ikfjr u djus ds fy;s eukus dh dksf'k'k
years back but could not get campus placement due to dj ldrk gw¡aA
COVID-19 generated recession. However, after a lot of
persuasion and series of competitive tests including z blds vykok eSa dqN mik;ksa dk lq>ko ns ldrk gw¡] tSls mRikn
written and interview, you managed to get a job in a dks jhczkaM djuk] mRikn dks la'kksfèkr djuk vkSj mlds vuqlkj
leading shoe company. You have aged parents who are foi.ku djuk vkfn tks (a) eq>s viuh lR;fu"Bk dks v{kq..k j•us
dependent and staying with you. You also recently got
dh vuqefr nsrk gS vkSj (b) daiuh dks viuh ck”kkj fLFkfr vkSj
married after getting this decent job. You were allotted
the Inspection Section which is responsible for clearing çfr"Bk dks cuk, j•us esa l{ke cukrs gSaA
the final product. In first one year, you learnt your job mÙkj % (b) miyCèk fodYiksa dk vkykspukRed ewY;kadu
well and was appreciated for your performance by the vko';d gSA
management. The company is doing good business for
last five years in domestic market and this year it is z mRikn dks vuns•k vkSj eatwj djuk
decided even to export to Europe and Gulf countries. z ldkjkRed
However, one large consignment to Europe was rejected
‹ ukSdjh dh lqj{kk
by their Inspecting Team due to certain poor quality
and was sent back. The top management ordered that z udkjkRed
ibid consignment to be cleared for the domestic market. ‹ uSfrd lkgl dh deh
As a part of Inspecting Team, you observed the glaring
‹ daiuh ds fy;s miHkksDrk fo'okl vkSj ck”kkj çfr"Bk dh gkfu
poor quality and brought to the knowledge of the Team
Commander. However, the top management advised all z mRikn dks eatwj djus ls budkj djuk
the members of the team to overlook these defects as z ldkjkRed
the management cannot bear such a huge loss. Rest of
the team members except you promptly signed and ‹ uSfrd lkgl dk çn'kZu
cleared the consignment for domestic market, ‹ v•aMrk dks cjdjkj j•uk
overlooking glaring defects. You again brought to the
‹ daiuh dh çfr"Bk dh fujarjrk
knowledge of the Team Commander that such
consignment, if cleared even for domestic market, will z udkjkRed
tarnish the image and reputation of the company and ‹ ukSdjh dk uqdlku
will be counter-productive in the long run. However,
‹ esjh vksj ls çfrjksèk ds ckotwn mRikn dk 'kqHkkjaHk
you were further advised by the top management that
if you do not clear the consignment, the company will ‹ HkkoukRed yfCèk dh deh dk çn'kZu
not hesitate to terminate your services citing certain z çcaèku dks vk'oLr djuk vkSj mRikn dks la'kksfèkr djuk
innocuous reasons.
z ldkjkRed
(a) Under the given conditions, what are the options
available to you as a member of the Inspecting ‹ O;kogkfjdrk dk çn'kZu
Team? ‹ HkkoukRed yfCèk dk çn'kZu
(b) Critically evaluate each of the options listed by you.
‹ uSfrd lkgl dk çn'kZu
(c) What option would you adopt and why?
‹ daiuh ds fy;s miHkksDrk fo'okl vkSj ck”kkj çfr"Bk ds uqdlku
(d) What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by you?
(e) What can be the consequences of overlooking the dh de laHkkouk
observations raised by the inspecting Team? z udkjkRed
mÙkj% nh xbZ dsl LVMh ,d dkiQh lkekU; leL;k dk mYys• ‹ daiuh ds funZs'kksa dks u”kj&vankt djus dh laHkkouk
djrh gS] ftldk lkeuk dkedkth is'ksoj lHkh {ks=kksa vkSj m|ksxksa esa ‹ dfj;j dh çxfr vkSj ;gk¡ rd fd ukSdjh ij udkjkRed
djrs gSaA blds vykok bl ekeys ds vè;;u esa eqís dh yxHkx çHkko dh laHkkouk
lkoZHkkSfed çklafxdrk vkSj ç;ksT;rk gSA ‹ fn;s x, funZs'kksa dh vLohÑfr dh fLFkfr esa daiuh dh çfr"Bk
mÙkj % (a) uhps nh xbZ 'krks± ds varxZr fujh{k.k ny ds ij udkjkRed çHkko iM+us dh laHkkouk
fgLls ds :i esa esjs ikl dqN fodYi miyCèk gSaA mÙkj % (c) eSa çcaèku dks le>kus vkSj rnuqlkj mRikn dks la'kksfèkr
z eSa nks"kksa dks u”kj&vankt dj ldrk gw¡ vkSj mRikn dks eatwj dj djus] jhczkafMax vkSj bls ykWUp djus ds fy;s lq>ko nsuk pquw¡xk] D;ksafd
ldrk gw¡A ;g eq>s viuk jks”kxkj cuk, j•us vkSj ukSdjh dh lqj{kk lqfuf'pr
z eSa daiuh ds funZs'kksa dk ikyu djus ls budkj dj ldrk gw¡ vkSj djus ,oa uSfrd lkgl vkSj v•aMrk çnf'kZr djus esa l{ke djsxkA
mRikn lacaèkh eqíksa dks vuns•k djus rFkk bls ikfjr djus ls euk blds vykok ;g laHkor% daiuh dks ck”kkj esa viuh çfr"Bk vkSj
dj ldrk gw¡A fo'okl cuk, j•us dh vuqefr nsxkA
571
 mÙkj % (d) nh xbZ dsl LVMh ds vuqlkj eq>s fuEufyf•r uSfrd izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ ntZ dj yh xbZA iqfyl tk¡p esa lkeus
nqfoèkkvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+sxkA vk;k fd fookn dh 'kq#vkr cl pkyd us dh Fkh vkSj
z turk ds çfr tokcnsgh cuke daiuh çcaèku ds çfr mlus 'kkjhfjd fgalk dh FkhA muds chp ekjihV gqbZ FkhA
tokcnsgh% ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds chp fodYi gksuk fd xzkgdksa uxj ifjogu foHkkx izcaèku e`r pkyd ds ifjokj dks
dks lgh mRikn fn;k tk, ;k çcaèku ds funZs'kksa dk ikyu fd;k dksbZ vfrfjDr eqvkotk ugha nsus ij fopkj dj jgk gSA
tk,A uxj ifjogu foHkkx izcèa ku ds HksnHkko vkSj xSj&lgkuqHkwfriw.kZ
z uSfrdrk cuke ;wFk ekufldrk% ,d LVSaM ysus ;k ;wFk ekufldrk joS;s ls ifjokj cgqr O;fFkr] mnkl vkSj vkanksfyr gSA e`r
dk ikyu djus ,oa nwljksa ds lkFk tkus ds chp fodYiA cl pkyd dh mez 52 o"kZ Fkh] mlds ifjokj esa iRuh vkSj
z ykHk cuke lR;fu"Bk% ykHk vkSj ekSfæd ykHk ds chp p;u ;k Ldwy&dkyst tkus okyh nks csfV;k¡ gSaA og ifjokj dk
mRikn ds lkFk eqíksa dks fpfÉr djds v•aMrk dks cjdjkj j•ukA bdykSrk dekus okyk FkkA uxj ifjogu foHkkx odZlZ
z uSfrd lkgl vkSj ukSdjh NwVuk% lgh dkjZokbZ djus ;k ukSdjh
;wfu;u us bl ekeys dks mBk;k vkSj tc izcaèku ls dksbZ
NwVus ,oa ukSdjh dh lqj{kk dks •rjs esa Mkyus ds chp pqukoA
vuqdwy izfrfØ;k ugha feyh rks mlus gM+rky ij tkus dk
mÙkj % (e) fujh{k.k ny }kjk mBkbZ xbZ fVIif.k;ksa dh vuns•h iQSlyk fd;kA ;wfu;u dh ek¡x nksgjh FkhA igyh] M~;wVh ds
ds fuEufyf•r ifj.kke gks ldrs gSa%
nkSjku ejus okys vU; pkydksa dks fn;k tkus okyk iwjk
z daiuh ds fy;s xzkgd fo'okl vkSj ck”kkj çfr"Bk dk uqdlkuA
vfrfjDr eqvko”kk vkSj nwljk] ifjokj ds ,d lnL; dks
z ;g daiuh esa vkReeqXèkrk dh laLÑfr dks Hkh tUe ns ldrk gS
jkstxkj fn;k tk,A 10 fnuksa ls gM+rky tkjh gS vkSj xfrjksèk
tks ck”kkj esa blds fodkl vkSj vfLrRo ds fy;s gkfudkjd
cuk gqvk gSA
lkfcr gks ldrk gSA
(a) mi;ZD q r fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s jkds'k ds ikl dkSu&ls
z blds ifj.kkeLo:i daiuh ds fu"iknu vkSj deZpkfj;ksa esa eukscy
dk uqdlku Hkh gks ldrk gSA fodYi miyCèk gSa\
z ;g ,d iwoZ fo'oluh; daiuh ls •jkc mRikn çkIr djus ds
(b) jkds'k }kjk fpfÉr fd;s x, çR;sd fodYi dk
dkj.k xzkgdksa dh vksj ls vlarks"k vkSj ladV dk dkj.k Hkh cu lekykspukRed ijh{k.k dhft;sA
ldrk gSA (c) os dkSu&lh uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡ gSa] ftudk jkds'k dks lkeuk
iz'u% jkds'k ,d 'kgj ds ifjogu foHkkx esa la;qDr vk;qDr ds djuk iM+ jgk gS\
in ij dk;Zjr FksA mudh ukSdjh izksiQkby ds ,d fgLls ds (d) mi;ZqDr fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s jkds'k D;k dk;Zokgh
:i esa mUgsa uxj ifjogu foHkkx ds fu;a=k.k vkSj dkedkt djsaxs\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
dh ns[kjs[k dk dke lkSaik x;k FkkA uxj ifjogu foHkkx Rakesh was working as Joint Commissioner in
ds pkyd la?k }kjk] cl pykrs le; M~;wVh ij ekjs x, Transport Department of a city. As a Part of his Job
,d profile, among others, he was entrusted with the task of
overseeing the control and functioning of City Transport
pkyd dks eqvkots ds eqn~ns ij gM+rky dk ekeyk muds Department. A case of strike by the drivers' union of
lkeus fu.kZ; ds fy;s vk;k FkkA mlus ns[kk fd e`r pkyd City Transport Department over the issue of
cl la[;k 528 pyk jgk Fkk] tks 'kgj dh O;Lr vkSj Compensation to a driver whodied on duty while driving
HkhM+&HkkM+ okyh lM+dksa ij xqtjrh FkhA gqvk ;w¡ fd jkLrs the bus came up before him for decision in the matter.
esa ,d pkSjkgs ds ikl ,d vèksM+ mez ds O;fDr }kjk pykbZ He gathered that the driver (deceased) was plying Bus
tk jgh dkj vkSj cl dh VDdj esa ,d gknlk gks x;kA No. 528 which Passed through busy and congested roads
of the city. It so happened that near an intersection on
irk pyk fd cl vkSj dkj pkyd ds chp dgk&lquh gqbZ
the way, there was an accident involving the bus and a
FkhA nksuksa ds chp rh[kh uksad>ksad gqbZ vkSj pkyd us mls car driver by a middle-aged man. It was found that
èkDdk ekj fn;kA cgqr&ls jkgxhj bdV~Bs gks x, vkSj mUgksaus there was altercation between the driver and the car
gLr{ksi djus dh dksf'k'k dh] ysfdu liQyrk ugha feyhA driver. Heated arguments between them led to fight and
vkf[kjdkj os nksuksa cqjh rjg ?kk;y gks x, vkSj cgqr [kwu the driver gave him a blow, Lot of passerbys had
cg jgk Fkk rFkk mUgsa ikl ds vLirky ys tk;k x;kA gknls gathered and tried to intervene but without success.
Eventually, both of them were badly injured and
eas pkyd us ne rksM+ fn;k vkSj mls cpk;k ugha tk ldkA
profusely bleeding and were taken to the nearby
vèksM+ mez ds pkyd dh Hkh gkyr uktqd Fkh] ysfdu ,d hospital. The driver succumbed to the injuries and could
fnu ds ckn og l¡Hky x;k vkSj mls NqV~Vh ns nh xbZA not be saved. The middle-aged driver's condition was
?kVuk dh lwpuk feyrs gh iqfyl ekSds ij igq¡p xbZ vkSj also critical but after a day he recovered and was

572
 discharged. Police had immediately come at the spot of mÙkj % (b) jkds'k }kjk fpfÉr fd;s x, çR;sd fodYi dk
accident and FIR was registered. Police investigation lekykspukRed ijh{k.k%
revealed that the quarrel in question was started by the
bus driver and he had resorted to physical violence. jkds'k ifjogu la?k dh nksuksa ekaxsa Lohdkj dj ldrs gSa%
There was exchange of blows between them. The City xq.k
Transport Department management is considering of
not giving any extra compensation to the driver's z xfrjksèk rRdky lqy> ldrk gS vkSj ifjogu foHkkx iwjh {kerk
(deceased) family. The family is very aggrieved, ds lkFk viuk dk;Z 'kq: dj ldrk gSA
depressed and agitated against the discriminatory and z e`r pkyd ds ifjokj dks rRdky U;k; feysxkA
non-sympathetic approach of the City Transport
Department management. The bus driver (deceased)
z xfrjksèk nwj djus ds ckn jkds'k viuh ÅtkZ vkSj le; foHkkxh;
was 52 years of age, was survived by his wife and two dk;ks± esa yxk ldrs gSaA blls foHkkx dh mRikndrk esa o`f¼ gks
school-college going daughters. He was the sole earner ldrh gSA
of the family. The City Transport Department workers'
nks"k
union took up this case and when found no favourable
response from the management, decided to go on strike. z ;g xfrfofèk iqfyl tk¡p fjiksVZ dh vogsyuk dj ldrh gS ftlesa
The union's demand was two-fold. First was full extra cl pkyd }kjk 'kq: fd;s x, >xM+s dk gokyk fn;k x;k gSA
compensation as given to other drivers who died on duty
and secondly employment to one family member. The
z blls vU; cl pkydksa esa xyr lans'k tk ldrk gSA
strike has continued for 10 days and the deadlock z ;g foHkkxh; U;k; dk ekeyk cu ldrk gSA
remains. jkds'k ifjogu la?k dh nksuksa ekaxksa dks vLohdkj dj ldrk gS%
(a) What are the options available to Rakesh to meet
the above situation? xq.k
(b) Critically examine each of the options identified by z foHkkx ds •tkus dks cpk;k tk ldrk gSA
Rakesh.
z foHkkx çcaèku dk fu.kZ; çcy gksxkA
(c) What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by
Rakesh? nks"k
(d) What course of action would Rakesh adopt to diffuse z xfrjksèk yacs le; rd tkjh jg ldrk gSA
the above situation z foHkkx dh mRikndrk vkSj n{krk de gks ldrh gSA
mÙkj% mi;ZqDr dsl LVMh esa fofHkUu laHkkfor fgrèkkjd z e`r pkyd ds ifjokj dks xaHkhj vkfFkZd vkSj vkthfodk lacaèkh
z jkds'k ,d 'kgj ds ifjogu foHkkx esa la;qDr vk;qDr ds :i esaA fparkvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gSA
z uxj ifjogu foHkkx dk la?kA
jkds'k foHkkx dh ,d ekax dks Lohdkj vkSj nwljh dks
z e`r pkydA vLohdkj dj ldrs gSa%
z e`r Mªkboj vkSj mldh nks Ldwy&dkWyst tkus okyh csfV;k¡A
xq.k
z thfor dkj pkyd
z xfrjksèk fdlh urhts ij igq¡p ldrk gSA
z iqfyl vkSj mldk dÙkZO;
z e`rd pkyd ds ifjokj dks vkèkh jkgr fey ldrh gSA
mÙkj % (a) mi;ZqDr fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s jkds'k ds ikl
laHkkfor fodYi gSa& z foHkkx dh mRikndrk vkSj n{krk dks cgky fd;k tk ldrk gSA
z jkds'k ifjogu la?k dh nksuksa ekaxsa Lohdkj dj ldrs gSaA nks"k
z jkds'k ifjogu la?k dh nksuksa ekaxksa dks vLohdkj dj ldrs gSaA z ;g iqfyl tk¡p fjiksVZ dh vogsyuk dj ldrh gSA
z jkds'k foHkkx dh ,d ekax dks Lohdkj vkSj nwljh dks vLohdkj z xfrjksèk tkjh jg ldrk gS D;ksafd ifjogu la?k viuh nksuksa ekaxksa
dj ldrs gSaA ij dk;e gSA
z jkds'k ,d foHkkxh; tk¡p ny fu;qDr dj ldrs gSa ftlesa vkèks jkds'k ,d foHkkxh; tk¡p ny fu;qDr dj ldrs gSa ftlesa la?k
lnL; la?k ls vkSj vkèks foHkkx ls gksaA vkSj foHkkx ls cjkcj la[;k esa rFkk dqN iqfyl foHkkx ls lnL;
z jkds'k gM+rky esa 'kkfey yksxksa dks l[r psrkouh Hkst ldrs gSa 'kkfey gksaA la?k dks fiQj ls dk;Z 'kq: djuk pkfg;s vkSj lfefr ds
vkSj ekeys dks lqy>kus ds fy;s iqfyl cy dk bLrseky dj iQSlys dh çrh{kk djuh pkfg;sA lfefr dk fu"d"kZ vkus rd og ciQj
ldrs gSaA le; esa ifjokj dh enn ds fy;s foHkkxh; foÙk iks"k.k dh O;oLFkk
z jkds'k vk;qDr (Commissioner) ls lykg ys ldrs gSaA dj ldrs gSa%
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xq.k mÙkj % (c) jkds'k ds le{k vk jgh laHkkfor uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡&
z ;g foHkkx çcaèku] ifjogu la?k vkSj iqfyl foHkkx ds fy;s thr z uSlfxZd U;k; dk fl¼kar cuke dkuwu dh mfpr çfØ;k%

dh fLFkfr gks ldrh gSA uSlfxZd U;k; dk fl¼kar dgrk gS fd e`rd ds ifjokj dks
vfrfjDr eqvko”kk vkSj mlds ifjokj dks ukSdjh feyuh pkfg;s
z bldk ifj.kke lHkh ,d=k djus ;ksX; lekèkku fcanqvksa esa gks ysfdu dkuwu dh mfpr çfØ;k foHkkx çcaèku dks ,slk djus esa
ldrk gSA ckèkk Mkyrh gSA
z ;g loZnyh; ,dhÑr fookn lekèkku ç.kkyh dk mnkgj.k LFkkfir z vfèkdkj cuke dÙkZO;% og la;qDr vk;qDr ds :i esa lkoZtfud
dj ldrk gSA dÙkZO; cuke vfrfjDr eqvko”ks vkSj e`rd ifjokj ds ukSdjh ds
z iqfyl foHkkx mfpr vkuqikfrd dkuwuh n`f"Vdks.k dk lekèkku vfèkdkjksa dh nqfoèkk dk lkeuk dj jgs gSaA
çnku dj ldrk gS tks foHkkx çcaèku dks e`r pkyd ds ifjokj z lkoZtfud tokcnsgh cuke O;fDrxr tokcnsgh% ,d yksd

ds çfr vfèkd lgkuqHkwfr vkSj n;kyq gksus ds fy;s çsfjr dj lsod ds :i esa og vius }kjk dh xbZ lkoZtfud lsok vkSj
xfrfofèk;ksa ds çfr tokcnsg gSA nwljh vksj] d#.kke; vkSj
ldrk gSA
lgkuqHkwfr ds vkèkkj ij og vius O;fDrxr foosd ds çfr tokcnsg
nks"k gksrk gSA
z lHkh ikfVZ;ksa ds 'kkfey gksus ds dkj.k fdlh urhts ij igq¡pus esa z vkpkj lafgrk cuke uSfrd lafgrk% vkpkj lafgrk ekax djrh
le; yx ldrk gSA gS fd vkpj.k fu;e vkSj fofu;e D;k dgrs gSaA uSfrd lafgrk
z ÅtkZ] le;] lalkèkuksa dh cckZnh ;fn ;g fdlh fu.kkZ;d fLFkfr
uSfrdrk ds {ks=k esa ^D;k djuk pkfg;s* ds rjhds dh ekax djrh gSA
z uSfrdrk cuke dkuwu% uSlfxZd U;k; ds fl¼kar ds rgr uSfrdrk
ugha igq¡phA
dks ^D;k djuk pkfg;s*A tcfd dkuwu }kjk LFkkfir çfØ;k ds
jkds'k gM+rky esa 'kkfey yksxksa dks l[r psrkouh Hkst ldrs gSa {ks=k esa ;k dkuwu ds mfpr ikBÔØe ds rgr dkuwu oSèkkfud
vkSj ekeys dks lqy>kus ds fy;s iqfyl cy dk bLrseky dj fu;eksa vkSj fofu;eksa dk ikyu djrk gSA
ldrs gSa& z var%dj.k dk la?k"kZ% yksd lsod cuke oS;fDrd çk.kh gksus ds
xq.k ukrs os var%dj.k ds ladV dh nqfoèkk dk lkeuk dj jgs gSaA
;g laHko gS fd l[r psrkouh vkSj iqfyl cy ds Mj ls] mÙkj % (d) mi;ZDq r fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s jkds'k }kjk dk;Zokgh&
vfèkdka'k la?k dk;ZdÙkkZ viuk dke fiQj ls 'kq: dj nsaA uSfrd ln~xq.k ds lkFk dk;Zokgh dk laHkkfor rjhdk tks jkds'k
mijksDr fLFkfr dks nwj gsrq ldrk gS&
nks"k
jkds'k ds ikl dk;Zokgh djus ds dbZ rjhds gSa ysfdu lcls
z ;g dkjZokbZ fLFkfr dks fgald cuk ldrh gSA vPNk ;g gS fd&
z ;g la?k dk;ZdrkZvksa vkSj foHkkx çcaèku ds chp fo'okl dh deh jkds'k ,d foHkkxh; tk¡p ny fu;qDr dj ldrs gSa ftlesa la?k
vkSj dM+okgV ds rÙoksa dks 'kkfey dj ldrk gSA vkSj foHkkx ls cjkcj la[;k esa rFkk dqN iqfyl foHkkx ls lnL;
z foHkkx dh mRikndrk fcxM+ gks ldrh gSA 'kkfey gksaA la?k dks fiQj ls dk;Z 'kq: djuk pkfg;s vkSj lfefr ds
iQSlys dh çrh{kk djuh pkfg;sA pw¡fd] lfefr ds fu.kZ; çfØ;k esa
jkds'k vk;qDr (Commissioner) ls lykg ys ldrs gSa&
le; yxrk gS] blfy;s lfefr dk fu"d"kZ vkus rd] og ciQj le;
xq.k esa e`rd ds ifjokj dh enn ds fy;s foHkkxh; foÙk iks"k.k dh O;oLFkk
z ,d vfèkd vuqHkoh O;fDr ds :i esa vk;qDr bl fLFkfr ls dj ldrs gSaA
fuiVus ds fy;s mfpr lykg ns ldrs gSaA xq.k
z vk;qDr ls ijke'kZ djds] os Hkfo"; ds fu.kZ;ksa ds fy;s vk;qDr z ;g foHkkx çcaèku] ifjogu la?k vkSj iqfyl foHkkx ds fy;s thr

dks fo'okl esa ys ldrs gSaA dh fLFkfr gks ldrh gSA

z bldk ifj.kke lHkh ,d=k djus ;ksX; ladYi fcanqvksa esa gks
nks"k
ldrk gSA
z vk;qDr ds ikl dwVuhfrd :i ls mudh enn djus ls budkj z ifjogu la?k dqN le; ds fy;s dkedkt fiQj ls 'kq: dj
djus dk fodYi gSA ldrk gSA
z vk;ksx jkds'k dh ladV ls fuiVus dh {kerk ij loky mBk z ;g loZnyh; ,dhÑr fookn lekèkku ç.kkyh dk mnkgj.k LFkkfir
ldrk gSA dj ldrk gSA

574
 z iqfyl foHkkx mfpr vkuqikfrd dkuwuh lekèkku çnku dj ldrk dk;Zokgh 'kq: ugha djuh pkfg;s D;ksafd ;g mls viuh
gS tks foHkkx çcaèku dks e`rd pkyd ds ifjokj ds çfr vfèkd bdkb;k¡ can djus ds fy;s etcwj djsxh vkSj Hkkjh foÙkh;
lgkuqHkwfriw.kZ vkSj n;kyq gksus ds fy;s çsfjr dj ldrk gSA gkfu rFkk cktkj esa muds mRiknksa dh deh dk dkj.k gksxkA
gkyk¡fd] fofHkUu nyksa dh Hkkxhnkjh ds dkj.k ;g çfØ;k vfèkd tkfgj gS fd blls e”knwjksa vkSj miHkksDrkvksa dh ijs'kkuh
le; ysus okyh gks ldrh gS] ysfdu bl lfefr dk vafre fu"d"kZ T;knk gksxhA Jfed la?k us Hkh vkidks bdkb;ksa dks can
vfèkd O;kid] cgqer ls lger] lekos'kh gks ldrk gSA blfy;s djus ds f[kykiQ izfrfufèkRo HkstkA vkidks ,d lkFk vKkr
jkds'k dks mijksDr fLFkfr dks çpkfjr djus ds fy;s bl ,dhÑr vkSj dks.kksa ls èkefd;k¡ feyus yxhaA gkyk¡fd] vkidks vius dqN
lHkh lgHkkxh dkjZokbZ dk mi;ksx djuk pkfg;sA lgdfeZ;ksa dk leFkZu feyk] ftUgksaus vkidks lykg nh fd
;fn dksbZ vfroknh ekeyk gS vkSj lfefr dk fu.kZ; e`rd ifjokj vki i;kZoj.kh; vuqikyu dks lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s
ds i{k esa ugha gS rks jkds'k dks ,d lgkuqHkwfriw.kZ vkSj n;kyq yksd Lora=k :i ls dke djsaA LFkkuh; xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa us Hkh
lsod ds :i esa pkyd ds ifjokj dh enn ds fy;s foHkkxh; tu vkidk leFkZu fd;k vkSj mUgksaus iznw"k.kdkjh bdkb;ksa dks
lg;ksx (ØkmMiQafMax) dk vk;kstu djuk pkfg;s lkFk gh TokbaV rRdky can djus dh ekax is'k dhA
dfe'uj ds rkSj ij mUgsa ifjokj dh cM+h csVh dks Hkh rnFkZ ukSdjh (a) çnÙk fLFkfr es a vkids ikl dkS u &ls fodYi
çnku djuk pkfg;sA miyCèk gSa\
iz'u% vkidks i;kZoj.k iznw"k.k fu;a=k.k cksMZ esa vuqHkkx dk 'kh"kZ (b) vkids }kjk lw p hc¼ fd;s x, fodYiks a dk
vfèkdkjh fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gS rkfd vuqikyu lqfuf'pr vkykspukRed ijh{k.k dhft;sA
gks vkSj bldh vuqorhZ dk ikyu gks ldsA ml {ks=k esa cM+h (c) i;kZoj.kh; vuqikyu lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s vki
la[;k esa y?kq vkSj eè; m|ksx Fks ftUgsa vukifÙk nh tk fdl çdkj dh fØ;kfofèk dk lq>ko nsaxs\
pqdh FkhA vkidks irk pyk fd ;s m|ksx vusd izoklh (d) vius fodYiksa dk mi;ksx djus esa vkidks fdu uSfrd
dkexkjksa dks jkstxkj eqgS;k djkrs gSaA vfèkdka'k vkS|ksfxd nqfoèkkvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+k\
bdkb;ksa ds ikl i;kZoj.kh; vukifÙk izek.k&i=k gSaA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
i;kZoj.kh; vukifÙk mu m|ksxksa vkSj ifj;kstukvksa ij vad'q k You are appointed as an officer heading the section in
yxkus ds fy;s gSa] tks bl {ks=k esa i;kZoj.k vkSj thfor Environment Pollution Control Board to ensure
iztkfr;ksa dks dfFkr :i ls ckfèkr djrh gSaA ysfdu O;ogkj compliance and its follow-up. In that region, there were
large number of small and medium industries which
esa buesa ls vfèkdka'k bdkb;k¡ ok;q] ty vkSj e`nk iznwf"kr
had been granted clearance you learnt that these
bdkb;k¡ cuh gqbZ gSaA ,sls esa LFkkuh; yksxksa dks yxkrkj industries provide employment to many migrant
LokLF; leL;kvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gSA workers Most of the industrial units have got
;g iqf"V dh xbZ fd vfèkdka'k m|ksx i;kZoj.kh; vuqikyu environmental clearance certificate in their possession.
dk mYya?ku dj jgs FksA vkius u;k i;kZoj.kh; izek.k&i=k The environmental clearance seeks to curb industries
and projects that supposedly hamper environment and
vkosnu djus vkSj l{ke vfèkdkjh ls izkIr djus ds fy;s
living species in the region. But in practice most of these
lHkh vkS|ksfxd bdkb;ksa ds fy;s uksfVl tkjh dj nhA units remain to be polluting units in several ways like
gkyk¡fd] vkS|ksfxd bdkb;ksa ds ,d oxZ] vU; U;LrLokFkhZ air, water and soil pollution. As such, local people
yksxksa vkSj LFkkuh; jktusrkvksa ds ,d lewg ls vkidh encountered persistent health problems.
dk;Zokgh dks fojksèk izfrfØ;k dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA vkids It was confirmed that majority of the industries were
violating environmental compliance. You issued notice
izfr dkexkj Hkh vR;ar 'k=kqrkiw.kZ O;ogkj djus yxkA
to all the industrial units to apply for fresh environmental
dk;Zogh dks fojksèk izfrfØ;k dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA vkids clearance certificate from the competent authority.
izfr dkexkj Hkh vR;ar 'k=kqrkiw.kZ O;ogkj djus okyk D;ksfa d However, your action met with hostile response from a
mUgksaus lkspk fd vkidh dk;Zokgh bu vkS|ksfxd bdkb;ksa section of the industrial units, other vested jnterest
dks rkykcanh dh vksj ys tk,xh vkSj bldk ifj.kkeLo:i persons and a section of the local politicians. The
workers also became very hostile to you as they felt that
csjks”kxkjh ds dkj.k mudh vkthfodk vlqjf{kr vkSj
your action would lead to the closure these of industrial
vfuf'pr gks tk,xhA dbZ m|ksx&ekfydksa us bl nyhy ds units, and the resultant unemployment will lead to
lkFk vkids ikl igq¡pdj izLrkfor fd;k fd vkidks l[r insecurity and uncertainty in their livelihood. Many

575
 owners of the industries approached you with the plea gSA 'kk;n blls vYikofèk esa ldkjkRed ifj.kke ugha fn• ldrs gS
that you should not initiate harsh action as it would ysfdu ;g yach vofèk esa fojksèk ;k csjks”kxkjh mRiUu fd;s fcuk çnw"k.k
compel them their units, and cause huge Financial loss,
dks de djsxkA
shortage of their products in the market. These would
obviously add to the sufferings of the labourers and the
mÙkj % (c) esjs }kjk lq>k, x, i;kZoj.kh; vuqikyu
consumer alike. The labour union also sent you fuEufyf•r gksaxs
representation requesting against the closure of the z m|ksxksa dks i;kZoj.k ij muds gkfudkjd çHkko ds vkèkkj ij nks
units. You simultaneously started receiving threats from Jsf.k;ksa esa foHkkftr djuk rFkk lcls gkfudkjd m|ksxksa ij l[r
unknown corners. You however received supports from
some of your colleagues, who advised you to act freely
fu;e ykxw djukA
to ensure environmental compliance. Local NGOs also z çR;sd m|ksx dks viuk dpjk •qn lkiQ djuk pkfg;s lkFk gh
came to your support and they demanded the closure çR;sd m|ksx esa okVj VªhVesaV IykaV LFkkfir gksus pkfg;sA
of the polluting units immediately
z gkfudkjd jlk;uksa ds fy;s LFkk;h oSdfYid rÙoksa dk mi;ksx
(a) What are the options available to you under the
vkSj i;kZoj.k dks lcls ”;knk uqdlku igq¡pkus okys rÙoksa ;k
given situation?
(b) Critically examine the options listed by you.
jlk;uksa dks iwjh rjg çfrcafèkr fd;k tk,A
(c) What type of mechanism would you suggest to z nwljh Js.kh ds m|ksxksa (lcls gkfudkjd m|ksxksa) }kjk ubZ i;kZoj.k
ensure environmental compliance? eatwjh yh tkuh pkfg;sA
(d) What are the ethical dilemmas you faced in z çfrcafèkr jlk;uksa dk mi;ksx djus okys vkSj fuèkkZfjr lhek ls Åij
exercising your option? i;kZoj.k dks çnwf"kr djus okys m|ksxksa dks ekSfæd naM nsuk pkfg;sA
mÙkj % (a) ,d vfèkdkjh ds :i esa ges'kk ,slh fLFkfr mRiUu mÙkj % (d) ftl uSfrd nqfoèkk dk eSa lkeuk d:¡xk og dÙkZO;
gksrh gS tgk¡ ,d vfèkdkjh ds ikl fu.kZ; ysus ds fy;s fofHkUu fodYi ds iwjk gksus vkSj çoklh dkexkjksa ds çfr d#.kk rFkk lgkuqHkwfr ds
gksrs gSa ysfdu mls fu.kZ; ysuk iM+rk gS tks lHkh ds fy;s lcls vPNk chp gSA dÙkZO; iwjk djuk rdZlaxr ugha gksxk] ysfdu çoklh Jfedksa
gksA fn;s x, ifjPNsn ds rgr esjs ikl nks fodYi gSa% ds çfr d#.kk vkSj lgkuqHkwfr ds lkFk fu.kZ; ysuk rdZlaxr] lnkpkj
z eSa çR;{k dkjZokbZ dj ldrk gw¡ vkSj i;kZoj.k esa ckèkk Mkyus okys vkSj uSfrd gksxkA ,d vkSj uSfrd nqfoèkk ftldk eq>s lkeuk djuk
lHkh m|ksxksa dks can dj ldrk gw¡] blds rkRdkfyd ifj.kkeksa tSls iM+sxk] og i;kZoj.k vkSj dk;Z dh j{kk ds chp gksxkA
Jfedksa ds chp csjks”kxkjh] Jfed la?kksa dk fojksèk] nokvksa dh
Ø; {kerk esa deh ds dkj.k LokLF; lacaèkh eqíksa esa o`f¼ vkfn 2021
dk fo'ys"k.k fd;s fcukA iz'u% lquhy ,d ;qok yksd lsod gS rFkk l{kerk] bZekunkjh]
z nwljk fodYi ;g gS fd eSa m|ksxksa ds lHkh ekfydksa vkSj i;kZoj.kh; leiZ.k rFkk eqf'dy vkSj nqoZg dkeksa ds fy;s vFkd iz;kl
xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa ds lkFk ,d cSBd cqykÅxk vkSj gkfudkjd gsrq mldh izfr"Bk gSA mldh izksiQkby dks ns[krs gq, mlds
rÙoksa dk mi;ksx djus vkSj tgk¡ Hkh miyCèk gks ;k laHko gks vfèkdkfj;ksa us mls ,d cgqr gh pqukSrhiw.kZ vkSj laosnu'khy
csgrj fodYiksa dk mi;ksx djus dh lhek fuèkkZfjr djus tSls dk;ZHkkj dks l¡Hkkyus ds fy;s pquk FkkA mls voSèk ckyw
dqN lkekU; vkèkkj ij vkus ds fy;s muls ckr d:¡xkA lkFk gh [kuu ds fy;s dq[;kr vkfnoklh&cgqy f”kys esa rSukr fd;k
xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa dh enn ls eè;e m|ksxksa dks ubZ i;kZoj.kh; x;kA unh iV~Vh ls] vfu;af=kr :i ls ckyww mR[kuu djds
eatwjh ysus ds fy;s eukÅ¡xkA Vªdksa ls <ksdj mldks dkyk ck”kkj esa cspk tk jgk FkkA ;g
mÙkj % (b) igys fodYi esa eSa blds nh?kZdkfyd çHkko dk voSèk ckyw [kuu ekfiQ;k] LFkkuh; dk;ZdÙkkZvksa vkSj
fo'ys"k.k fd;s fcuk dsoy viuk fuèkkZfjr dÙkZO; iwjk d:¡xkA vkfnoklh ckgqcfy;ksa ds lg;ksx ls dke dj jgk Fkk] tks
rkRdkfyd çHkko ls LokLF; lacaèkh leL;k,¡ ;k çnw"k.k de gks tk,¡xs] cnys esa pq¯unk xjhc vkfnokfl;ksa dks fj'or nsrs jgrs Fks
ysfdu nh?kkZofèk esa bl fu.kZ; ds dbZ vU; ifj.kke gSa tSls xjhch] rFkk mudks Mjk vkSj èkedk dj j[krs FksA
xjhch ds dkj.k LokLF; esa fxjkoV] Iysx vkfn ds dkj.k vU; vçR;{k lquhy us ,d rs”k vkSj mQtkZoku vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs
i;kZoj.kh; eqís mRiUu gks ldrs gSaA ”kehuh gdhdr igpku dj vkSj ekfiQ;k ds }kjk dqfVy
nwljs fodYi esa eSa lHkh ds eqís ij fopkj d:¡xkA m|ksxksa dks rFkk lafnXèk ra=k ds ekè;e ls viuk, x, muds rkSj&rjhdksa
lhèks rkSj ij can ugha fd;k tk,xkA lekt ds çR;sd oxZ ds lkFk dks rqjar idM+ fy;kA iwNrkN djus ij mlus ik;k fd mlds
ckr djuk vkSj ”kehuh Lrj ij dk;Z djuk lcls vPNk laHko rjhdk vius dk;kZy; ds dqN deZpkfj;ksa dh muls feyhHkxr gS

576
 vkSj mUgksaus muds lkFk ?kfu"B vokaNuh; xBtksM+ fodflr initiated stringent action against them and started
conducting raids on their illegal operations of movement
dj fy;k gSA lquhy us muds f[kykiQ dM+h dkjZokbZ 'kq:
of trucks filled with sand. The mafia got rattled as not
dh vkSj muds ckyw ls Hkjs Vªdksa dh vkoktkgh ds voSèk many officers in the Past had taken such strong steps
lapkyu ij Nkis ekjuk 'kq: dj fn;kA ekfiQ;k HkM+d x;k] against the mafia. Some of the office employees who were
allegedly close to mafia informed them that the officer
D;ksafd igys okys cgqr vfèkdkfj;ksa us muds fo#¼ brus
is determined to clean up the mafia's illegal sand mining
cM+s dne ugha mBk, FksA dk;kZy; ds dqN deZpkfj;ksa us operations in that district and may cause them
tks dfFkr rkSj ij ekfiQ;k ds djhc Fks] mudks lwfpr fd;k irreparable damage.
fd vfèkdkjh ml f”kys esa ekfiQ;k ds voSèk ckyw [kuu The mafia turned hostile and launched counter-
lapkyu dks lkiQ djus ds fy;s n`<+ ladfYir gS vkSj mUgsa offensive. The tribal musclemen and mafia started
threatening him with dire consequences. His family
viwj.kh; {kfr gks ldrh gSA
(wife and old mother) were stalked and were under
ekfiQ;k 'k=kqrkiw.kZ gks x;k vkSj tokch geyk 'kq: fd;kA virtual surveillance and thus causing mental torture,
vkfnoklh ckgqcyh vkSj ekfiQ;k us mldks xaHkhj ifj.kke agony and stress to all of them. The matter assumed
Hkqxrus dh èkedh nsuk 'kq: dj fn;kA mlds ifjokj (iRuh serious proportions when a muscleman came to his office
vkSj o`¼ ekrk) dk ihNk fd;k tk jgk Fkk] os mudh and threatened him to stop raids, etc., otherwise, his
okLrfod fuxjkuh esa Fks ftlls fd mu lHkh dks ekufld fate will not be different than some of his predecessors
;kruk] ;a=k.kk vkSj ruko gks jgk FkkA ml le; ekeys us (ten years back one officer was killed by the mafia).
xaHkhj :i èkkj.k dj fy;k] tc ,d ckgqcyh mlds (a) Identify the different options available to Sunil in
attending to this situation.
dk;kZy; esa vk;k vkSj mldks Nkis ekjuk bR;kfn can djus
(b) Critically evaluate each of the options listed by you.
dh èkedh nh vkSj dgk fd mldk gky mlds iwoZ
(c) Which of the above, do you think, would be the most
vfèkdkfj;ksa ls vyx ugha gksxk (nl o"kZ iwoZ ekfiQ;k }kjk
appropriate for Sunil to adopt and why?
,d vfèkdkjh dh gR;k dj nh xbZ Fkh)A
(a) bl fLFkfr dks l¡Hkkyus esa lquhy ds fy;s miyCèk mÙkj% bl ç'u esa 'kkfey fofHkUu uSfrd eqís&
fofHkUu fodYiksa dh igpku dhft;sA z voSèk ckyw •uu] dkyk ck”kkjhA
(b) vkids }kjk lwphc¼ fodYiksa dk vkykspukRed z LFkkuh; lg;ksxA
ewY;kadu dhft;sA z xjhc vkfnokfl;ksa dks fj'orA
(c) vkids fopkj ls mi;ZD q r esa ls dkSu&lk fodYi lquhy ds z ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa dh feyhHkxrA
fy;s lcls mi;qDr gksxk vkSj D;ks\a
z ekfiQ;kvksa dk geykA
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z lquhy ds ifjokj dk ihNk djukA
Sunil is a young civil servant and has a reputation for
his competence, integrity, dedication and relentless z lquhy dks èkedh fn;k tkukA
pursuit of difficult and onerous jobs. Considering his
z iwoZ ljdkjh deZpkjh dh gR;kA
profile, he was picked up by his bosses to handle a very
challenging and sensitive assignment. He was posted in bl ç'u esa 'kkfey fofHkUu fgr lewg&
a tribal dominated district notorious for illegal sand
z lquhyA z vkfnoklhA z ljdkjA
mining. Excavating sand from river belt and transporting
through trucks and selling them in black market was z •uu ekfiQ;kA z ljdkjh deZpkjhA
rampant. This illegal sand mining mafia was operating z LFkkuh; dk;ZdÙkkZA z lquhy dk ifjokjA
with the support of local functionaries and tribal
musclemen who in turn were bribing selected poor mÙkj % (a) bl fLFkfr dks l¡Hkkyus esa lquhy ds fy;s miyCèk
tribals and had kept the tribals under fear and fofHkUu fodYi&
intimidation.
I. voSèk •uu dks #dokukA
Sunil being a sharp and energetic officer immediately
grasped the ground realities and the modus operandi II. ekfiQ;kvksa ds f•ykiQ dk;Z djus ls euk djuk] ;k viuk
followed by the mafia through their devious and dubious VªkaliQj djok ysukA
mechanism. On making inquiries, he gathered that some
of their own office employees are in hand and glove with III. ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa dks laiw.kZ ?kVukØe ls lwfpr dj vkxs
them and have developed close unholy nexus. Sunil dh dkjZokbZ ds fy;s lykg ysukA
577
 mÙkj % (b) lwphc¼ fodYiksa dk vkykspukRed ewY;kadu& ls vk, mM+u nLrs us nks Nk=kksa dks vuqfpr rjhdksa dk
I. voSèk •uu dks #dokuk % lquhy dks blh dk;Z ds fy;s mi;ksx djrs gq, jaxs gkFkksa idM+ fy;kA dkWyst dk ,d
Hkstk x;k gSA vr% mldk dÙkZO; gSA blls mldks ç'kalk ofj"B O;k[;krk O;fDrxr :i ls bu Nk=kksa dks bl dk;Z
feysxh] ijarq blls •uu ekfiQ;kvksa ds lkFk mldh 'k=kqrk esa enn dj jgk FkkA ;g ofj"B O;k[;krk izcaèku dk djhch
c<+ ldrh gS vkSj ikfjo fjd uqdlku gks ldrk gSA Hkh ekuk tkrk FkkA muesa ls ,d Nk=k LFkkuh; jktusrk dk
II. viuk VªkaliQj djok ysuk ;k ekfiQ;kvksa ds f•ykiQ csVk Fkk] tks dkWyst dks orZeku izfrf"Br fo'ofo|ky; ls
dk;Z djus ls euk djuk % ,slk djds og ekfiQ;kvksa ds lacaèku djkus esa ennxkj jgk FkkA nwljk Nk=k ,d LFkkuh;
geys ls Lo;a dh ,oa vius ifjokj dh j{kk dj ldrk gS] O;olk;h dk csVk Fkk] ftlus dkWyst pykus ds fy;s
ijarq bl fodYi dk p;u djds vius lkoZtfud dÙkZO;ksa vfèkdre èku nku fn;k FkkA vkiuss bl nqHkkZX;iw.kZ ?kVuk
ds fuoZgu ls ihNk NqM+kuk gksxk] tks mlds fgr esa ugha gSA ds ckjs esa rqjar izcaèku dks lwfpr fd;kA izcaèku us vkidks
III. ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa dks ekfiQ;kvksa }kjk nh tk jgh fdlh Hkh dher ij mM+u nLrs ds lkFk bl eqís dks gy
èkedh ds ckjs esa lwfpr djuk ,oa muls lykg djus ds fy;s dgkA mUgksaus vkxs dgk fd bl ?kVuk ls u
ysuk % fLFkfr dh xaHkhjrk dks ns•rs gq, ;g mi;qDr fodYi dsoy dkWyst dh Nfo [kjkc gksxh] cfYd jktusrk vkSj
gS] D;ksafd vius ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa dks ekeys dh lwpuk O;olk;h Hkh dkWyst ds dkedkt ds fy;s cgqr egÙoiw.kZ
nsuk ç'kklfud f”kEesnkjh gksrh gS rFkk chp&chp esa muls O;fDr gSAa vkidks ;g Hkh ladrs fn;k x;k Fkk fd izèkkukpk;Z
lykg ysrs jguk Hkh ,d vfèkdkjh ds fy;s csgrj gksrk gSA ds :i esa vkidh vkxs dh inksUufr mM+u nLrs ds lkFk
ij ;gk¡ og vius foosd ls dk;Z djus ls cprk gqvk çrhr eqís dks gy djus dh vkidh {kerk ij fuHkZj djrh gSA
gksxkA ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ds ikl ,slk lans'k tk,xk fd og bl nkSjku vkids iz'kklu vfèkdkjh us lwfpr fd;k fd
dk;Z djus ls cpuk pkg jgk gS] vFkkZr~ udkjkRed çHkkoA Nk=k la?k ds dqN lnL; bl ?kVuk esa 'kkfey ofj"B O;k[;krk
IV. vfrfjDr lqj{kk cy eaxokuk % ekeys dh xaHkhjrk dks ns•rs vkSj Nk=kksa ds f[kykiQ dkWyst ds xsV ds ckgj fojksèk izn'kZu
gq, vfrfjDr lqj{kk cy eaxok;k tk ldrk gS vkSj ifjokj dj jgs gSa vkSj nksf"k;ksa ds f[kykiQ l[r dkjZokbZ dh ekax
dh lqj{kk Hkh lqfuf'pr djuk ”k:jh gS] ijarq blls ekfiQ;kvksa dj jgs gSaA
dh lrdZrk vkSj tokch geys c<+us dh laHkkouk gSA (a) bl ekeys ls lacafèkr uSfrd eqíksa ij ppkZ dhft;sA
mÙkj % (c) lquhy ds fy;s lcls mi;qDr fodYi dkSu&lk vkSj
(b) mi&izèkkukpk;Z ds :i esa vkids ikl miyCèk fodYiksa
D;ksa\
dk vkykspukRed :i ls ijh{k.k dhft;sA vki dkSu&lk
mi;qZDr ekeys esa lquhy ds fy;s lcls mi;qDr fodYi I vkSj fodYi viuk,axs vkSj D;ksa\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
III gSA
You are Vice Principal of a degree college in one of the
voSèk •uu dks #dokuk rFkk vius ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa dks laiw.kZ middle-class towns. Principal has recently retired and
?kVukvksa dh lwpuk nsdj muls Hkh lykg ysdj dk;Z djuk mfpr management is looking for his replacement. There are
gksxk] D;ksafd og ,d lkoZtfud vfèkdkjh gS vkSj mls blh dk;Z ds also feelers that the management may promote you as
Principal. In the meantime, during annual examination
fy;s Hkstk x;k gSA ,sls esa mls vius fofHkUu fodYiksa ij fopkj djrs
the flying squad which came from the university caught
gq, vfrfjDr lqj{kk cyksa dh rSukrh djds voSèk xfrfofèk;ksa dks can two students red-handed involving in unfair means. A
djokuk lqfuf'pr djuk pkfg;s rFkk bl dk;Z esa fyIr yksxksa dh senior lecturer of the college was personally helping these
fxjÝrkjh lqfuf'pr djokuh pkfg;sA students in this act. This senior lecturer also happens to
blds lkFk&lkFk mls vius dk;kZy; ds deZpkfj;ksa dks Hkh dkj.k be close to the management. One of the students was son
of a local politician who was responsible in getting college
crkvks uksfVl tkjh dj muls mudh ekfiQ;kvksa ds lkFk feyhHkxr ds
affiliated to the present reputed university. The second
fy;s tokc ryc djuk pkfg;s rFkk vius ifjokj dh lqj{kk dks Hkh student was son of a local businessman who has donated
lqfuf'pr djuk pkfg;sA maximum funds for running of the college. You
iz'u% vki ,d eè;oxhZ; 'kgj esa fMxzh dkWyst ds mi&izèkkukpk;Z immediately informed the management regarding this
unfortunate incident. The management told you to
gSaA izèkkukpk;Z gky gh esa lsokfuo`Ùk gq, gSa vkSj izcaèku
resolve the issue with flying squad at any cost. They
muds izfrLFkkiu dh ryk'k dj jgk gSA ;g Hkh ekuk tkrk further said that such incident will not only tarnish the
gS fd izcaèku vkidks izèkkukpk;Z ds :i esa inksUur dj image of the college but also the politician and businessman
ldrk gSA bl chp ok£"kd ijh{kk ds nkSjku fo'ofo|ky; are very important personalities for the functioning of

578
 the college. You were also given hint that your further z mM+u nLrs dks dksbZ dkjZokbZ u djus ds fy;s jk”kh djuk vkSj
promotion to Principal depends on your capability in vkarfjd tk¡p ds ckn Nk=kksa vkSj O;k[;krk dks nafMr djukA ;g
resolving this issue with flying squad. In the meantime,
fodYi vYikofèk esa dkWyst dh çfr"Bk vkSj mlds laj{kdksa dks
you were intimated by your administrative officer that
certain members of the student union are protesting cpk,xk] blls nks Nk=kksa vkSj O;k[;krk dk dfj;j cpsxk o ;g
outside the college gate against the senior lecturer and ladV çcaèku ds fy;s esjh {kerk fn•k,xkA gkyk¡fd blls fojksèk
the students involved in this incident and demanding c<+us dh laHkkouk gS] ;g Hkfo"; esa ,slh vkSj ?kVukvksa dks çksRlkfgr dj
strict action against defaulters. ldrk gS rFkk ;g fu"i{k çfØ;kvksa dh 'kq¼rk ls le>kSrk djsxkA
(a) Discuss the ethical issues involved in the case.
eSa nwljk fodYi viukšxk@viukšxh] D;ksfa d%
(b) Critically examine the options available with you
z dkWyst Nk=kksa ds fy;s lgh ewY; dks lh•us dk LFkku gS] ;g
as Vice Principal. What option will you adopt and
why?
fodYi Nk=kksa dks uSfrdrk vkSj uSfrdrk dk egÙo fl•k,xkA
z ;g fodYi fu"i{k laLFkku ds :i esa dkWyst dh fo'oluh;rk
mÙkj% mi;qZDr ekeys esa 'kkfey uSfrd eqís gSa %
dks cuk, j•sxkA
mÙkj % (a) bl ekeys ls lacafèkr uSfrd eqíksa dh ppkZ&
z vuqfpr rjhdksa ls inksUufr çkIr djuk] lkèkuksa lkèku vkSj lkè;
z bl ekeys esa ofj"B O;k[;krk us viuh is'ksoj bZekunkjh ls le>kSrk
nksuksa dh 'kq¼rk ds fl¼kar dk mYya?ku djsxkA
fd;k gS] ;g fLFkfr esjh •qn dh lR;fu"Bk dh Hkh ijh{kk gS]
z ofj"B O;k[;krk dh lafyIrrk l[r dkjZokbZ dh ekax djrh gSA
D;ksafd ;g esjs ewY;ksa@dÙkZO;ksa vkSj O;fDrxr fgrksa ds chp Vdjko
z ;g fodYi mu lHkh Nk=kksa ds fy;s mfpr gksxk] tks bZekunkjh ls
iSnk djrh gSA
ijh{kk ns jgs Fks] vkSj fojksèk dks 'kkar djsxkA
z orZeku fLFkfr esjh uSfrd 'kfDr dh ijh{kk gS] D;ksafd ;g ,d
z foÙkh; laj{k.k ds eqís ij fdlh vU; dh lgk;rk dk ekxZ Hkh
vksj dkWyst ds çkpk;Z cuus dk vkd"kZd volj gS] ogha nwljh
vksj lgh dke djuk esjk dÙkZO; gSA ç'kLr dj ldrs gSaA
z orZeku fLFkfr esa fu"i{krk dk uSfrd eqík 'kkfey gSA iz'u% fdlh jkT;&fo'ks"k dh jktèkkuh esa ;krk;kr dh HkhM+ dks
z ;g esjh O;kolkf;d uSfrdrk dh ijh{kk gS] ftlesa ;g ns•k tkuk de djus ds fy;s ,d ,fyosVsM dkWfjMksj dk fuekZ.k fd;k
gS fd eSa fcuk fdlh Mj ;k i{kikr ds viuk dÙkZO; fuHkk tk jgk gSA vkidh is'ksoj {kerk vkSj vuqHko ds vkèkkj
ldrk@ldrh gw¡ ;k ughaA ij vkidks bl izfrf"Br ifj;kstuk ds ifj;kstuk izcaèkd
ds :i esa pquk x;k gSA vxys nks o"kks± esa ifj;kstuk dks
mÙkj % (b) mi&çèkkukpk;Z ds :i esa esjs ikl miyCèk fodYi gSa%
iwjk djus dh le;&lhek 30 twu] 2021 gS] D;ksafd bldk
z dkWyst çcaèku dh lykg dks ekuuk vkSj Nk=kksa ds f•ykiQ dksbZ
mn~?kkVu eq[;ea=kh }kjk tqykbZ 2021 ds nwljs lIrkg esa
dkjZokbZ fd;s fcuk] fdlh Hkh dher ij leL;k dks gy djus
pquko dh ?kks"k.kk ls igys gksuk gSA fujh{k.k ny }kjk
dk ç;kl djukA ;g fodYi vYikofèk esa dkWyst dh çfr"Bk
dks cpk,xkA dkWyst dks foÙkh; laj{k.k çkIr gksrk jgsxk vkSj ;g vkSpd fujh{k.k djrs le;] laHkor% [kjkc lkexzh ds
esjs inksUur gksus dh laHkkouk dks vkSj vfèkd fuf'pr dj ldrk bLrseky ds dkj.k ,fyosVsM dkWfjMksj ds ,d ik;s esa ,d
gS] ysfdu ;g çfØ;kvksa dh 'kq¼rk ls le>kSrk djsxkA blls NksVh&lh njkj ns[kh xbZ FkhA vkius rqjar eq[; vfHk;ark dks
dkWyst dh lk• •jkc gksxh] rFkk ;g esjh is'ksoj uSfrdrk ls lwfpr fd;k vkSj vkxs dk dke jksd fn;kA vkids }kjk
le>kSrk djsxkA lkFk gh blls Nk=kksa dk fojksèk vkSj rs”k gksxkA ;g vkdyu fd;k x;k Fkk fd ,fyosVsM dkWfjMksj ds
z mM+u nLrs dks ofj"B O;k[;krk vkSj nks Nk=kksa ds f•ykiQ çfØ;k de&ls&de rhu ik;ksa dks rksM+uk vkSj mudk iqu£uekZ.k
ds vuqlkj fu"i{k :i ls l[r dkjZokbZ djus nsukA ;g fodYi fd;k tkuk gS] ijarq ;g izfØ;k ifj;kstuk esa de&ls&de
çfØ;kvksa dh 'kq¼rk dks ykxw djsxk] blls dkWyst dh lk• c<+sxh] pkj ls N% eghus dh nsjh dj nsxh] ¯drq eq[; vfHk;ark us
;g Hkfo"; ds fy;s ,d lgh felky dk;e djsxk] ;g f'k{kdksa fujh{k.k ny ds voyksdu dks bl vkèkkj ij fujLr dj
}kjk Hkz"Vkpkj ds f•ykiQ tk¡p lqfuf'pr djsxk vkSj ;g vU; fn;k fd ;g ,d NksVh&lh njkj gS] tks fdlh Hkh rjg ls
Nk=kksa ds fojksèk dks 'kkar djsxkA ysfdu blls nksuksa cPpksa dk iqy dh {kerk vkSj fVdkmQiu dks izHkkfor ugha djsxhA
Hkfo"; •rjs esa iM+ ldrk gS] blls dkWyst ij foÙkh; çHkko iM+ mlus vkidks fujh{k.k ny ds voyksdu dh vuns[kh dj
ldrk gS] dkWyst dh cnukeh gks ldrh gS] ;g lacafèkr Nk=kksa ds mlh xfr rFkk y; ds lkFk dke tkjh j[kus dk vkns'k
ifjokjksa dh çfr"Bk dks èkwfey dj ldrk gS rFkk esjh inksUufr fn;kA mlus vkidks lwfpr fd;k fd ea=kh dksbZ nsjh ugha
dh laHkkouk de gks tk,xhA pkgrs gS]a D;ksfa d os ,fyosVM s dkWfjMksj dk mn~?kkVu eq[;ea=kh
579
 ls pquko dh ?kks"k.kk gksus ls igys djokuk pkgrs gSaA ;g pier of the elevated corridor will adversely affect the
Hkh lwfpr fd;k fd Bsdsnkj ea=kh dk nwj dk fj'rsnkj gS health and life of the bridge and therefore it will be very
dangerous not to repair the elevated corridor.
vkSj os pkgrs gSa fd og bl ifj;kstuk dks iwjk djsA mlus
(a) Under the given conditions, what are the options
vkidks b'kkjk Hkh fd;k fd vfrfjDr eq[; vfHk;ark ds available to you as a project manager?
:i esa vkidh vkxs dh inksUufr ea=kky; ds fopkjkèkhu (b) What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by the
gSA rFkkfi vkius n`<+rk ls eglwl fd;k fd ,fyosVsM project manager?
dkWfjMksj ds ik;s esa NksVh&lh njkj iqy dh {kerk vkSj (c) What are the professional challenges likely to be
faced by the project manager and his response to
thoudky ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkysxh vkSj blfy;s ,fyosVM s overcome such challenges?
dkWfjMksj dh ejEer u djuk cgqr [krjukd gksxkA (d) What can be the consequences of overlooking the
(a) nh xbZ 'krk±s ds rgr ifj;kstuk çcaèkd ds :i esa vkids observation raised by the inspecting team?
ikl dkSu&ls fodYi miyCèk gSa\ mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds rgr] ifj;kstuk çcaèkd ds
(b) os dkSu&lh uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡ gS]a ftudk ifj;kstuk izcèa kd :i esa essjs ikl fuEu fodYi miyCèk gSa&
lkeuk dj jgk gS\ z eq[; vfHk;ark ds çLrko dks eku ysaA
(c) ifj;ks t uk iz c a è kd }kjk lkeuk dh tkus okyh z eq[; vfHk;ark ds çLrko ls budkj dj nsaA
O;kolkf;d pqukSfr;k¡ D;k gaS vkSj mu pqukSfr;kas ls
mÙkj % (b) ifj;kstuk çcaèkd ds le{k uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡&
ikj ikus ds fy;s mldh izfrfØ;k D;k gS\
z uhfr'kkL=k ds ekud fl¼karksa vkSj vkn'kks± dk vuqikyuA
(d) fujh{k.k ny }kjk mBk, x, voyksdu dh vuns[kh
z uSfrd vfHko`fÙk ;k inh; ykHkA
ds ifj.kke D;k gks ldrs gSa\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
An elevated corridor is being constructed to reduce z O;fDrxr dY;k.k ;k lkoZtfud dY;k.kA
traffic congestion in the capital of a particular state. You z varjkRek dh vkok”k cuke cká nckoA
have been selected as project manager of this prestigious mÙkj % (c) ifj;kstuk çcaèkd ds }kjk lkeuk dh tkus okyh
project on your professional competence and experience.
The deadline is to complete the project in next two years
O;kolkf;d pqukSfr;k¡&
by 30 June, 2021, since this project is to be inaugurated z ofj"B vfèkdkjh dk nckoA
by the Chief Minister before the elections are announced z ea=kh dk nckoA
in the second week of July 2021. While carrying out the
surprise inspection by inspecting team, a minor crack z inksUufr dk nckoA
was noticed in one of the piers of the elevated corridor z fu.kZ; viuh varjkRek ds vuqlkj ysus ls vdsys iM+ tkus dk Hk;
possible vkSj ckn esa vusd çdkj dh ç'kklfud pqukSfr;ksa ds lkeuk djus
due to poor material used. You immediately informed dk Hk;A
the chief engineer and stopped further work. It was
assessed by you that minimum three piers of the elevated mi;qZDr pqukSfr;ksa ls ikj ikus gsrq çfrfØ;k
corridor have to be demolished and reconstructed. But ,d f”kEesnkj yksd lsod gksus ds ukrs] yksd ç'kklu vkSj uSfrdrk
this process will delay the project minimum by four to
six months. But the chief engineer overruled the
ds vkn'kks± dks èkkj.k djrs gq,] tks lokZsÙke gS] ogh fu.kZ; ysukA
observation of inspecting team on the ground that it ,fyosVsM dkWfjMksj dk iqufuZekZ.k] D;ksafd ,slk u djuk rkRdkfyd :i
was a minor crack which will not in any way impact the ls dqN O;fDr;ksa ds fgrksa dh n`f"V ls mfpr gS] ijarq nh?kZdkfyd :i
strength and durability of the bridge. He ordered you ls g”kkjksa yksxksa ds tku dk tksf•e gS] vkSj mlesa vkus okys le; esa
to overlook the observation of inspecting team and
eq[; vfHk;ark ;k ea=kh dk ifjokj Hkh gks ldrk gSA bl ckr dks muds
continue working with same speed and tempo. He
informed you that the minister does not want any delay le{k Li"V djrs gq, vkSj vius Lrj ij lHkh çdkj ds lk{; bdêòk
as he wants the Chief Minister to inaugurate the elevated djrs gq,] bysDVªkWfud :i ls bl iqy ds vkxs ds fuekZ.k dh vuqefr
corridor before the elections are declared. Also informed u nsuk vkSj mlls iwoZ ejEer ds dk;Z dh vuq'kalk djuk] D;ksafd
you that the contractor is far relative of the minister varr% og nh?kZdkfyd :i ls uqdlkunk;d gS] ekuork ds fgr esa
and he wants him to finish the project. He also gave you
ugha gSA uhfr'kkL=k dk ewy fl¼kar vkSj vkn'kZ dgrk gS fd fdlh Hkh
hint that your further promotion as additional chief
engineer is under consideration with the ministry. O;fDr dks pkgs og uhfr ;k lkoZtfud thou gks] mls ogh djuk
However, you strongly felt that the minor crack in the pkfg;s] ftlls ekuo dY;k.k gksA

580
 mÙkj % (d) fujh{k.k ny }kjk mBk, x, voyksdu dh vuns•h The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has
quickly spread to various countries. As on May 8th,
ds ifj.kke& 2020, in India 56342 positive cases of corona had been
z lalkèkuksa dh gkfuA reported. India with a population of more than 1.35
z tku&eky dh gkfuA billion had difficulty in controlling the transmission of
coronavirus among its population. Multiple strategies
z bathfu;fjax foHkkx dh Nfo •jkc gksxhA became necessary to handle this outbreak. The Ministry
z Hkfo"; esa bl çdkj dh vugksuh ?kVuk ij tokcnsgh dk lkeuk of Health and Family Welfare of India raised awareness
about this outbreak and to take all necessary actions to
djuk iM+ ldrk gS (eq[; vfHk;ark] ea=kh vkSj Lo;a eSa)A
control the spread of COVID-19. Indian Government
iz'u% dksjksukok;jl jksx (dksfoM&19) egkekjh rs”kh ls fofHkUu implemented a 55-day lockdown throughout the country
ns'kksa esa iSQyh gSA 8 ebZ] 2020 rd Hkkjr esa dksjksuk ds to reduce the transmission of the virus. Schools and
colleges had shifted to alternative mode of teaching-
56342 ikWftfVo ekeys lkeus vk, FksA Hkkjr dks] ftldh
learning-evaluation and certification. Online mode
tula[;k 1.35 fcfy;u ls vfèkd gS] tula[;k esa became popular during these days.
dksjksukok;jl ds lapj.k dks fu;af=kr djus esa dfBukbZ vkbZ India was not prepared for a sudden onslaught of such
a crisis due to limited infrastructure in terms of human
FkhA bl izdksi ls fucVus ds fy;s dbZ j.kuhfr;k¡ vko';d resource, money and other facilities needed for taking
gks xbZ FkhaA Hkkjr ds LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; care of this situation. This disease did not spare anybody
us bl izdksi ds ckjs esa tkx:drk c<+kbZ vkSj dksfoM&19 irrespective of caste, creed, religion on the one hand and
'have and have not' on the other. Deficiencies in hospital
ds izlkj dks fu;af=kr djus ds fy;s lHkh vko';d dkjZokb;k¡ beds, oxygen cylinders, ambulances, hospital staff and
dhaA Hkkjr ljdkj us ok;jl ds lapj.k dks de djus ds crematorium were the most crucial aspects.
fy;s iwjs ns'k esa 55 fnuksa dk ykWdMkmu ykxw fd;kA Ldwyksa You are a hospital administrator in a public hospital at
the time when coronavirus had attacked large number
vkSj dkWystksa esa f'k{k.k&lh[kuk&ewY;kadu vkSj izek.khdj.k of people and patients were pouring into hospital day
ds oSdfYid rjhds lkeus vk,A bu fnuksa vkWuykbu eksM in and day out.
yksdfiz; gks x;kA (a) What are your criteria and justification for putting
your clinical and non-clinical staff to attend to the
Hkkjr bl rjg ds ladViw.kZ vpkud gq, geys ds fy;s patients knowing fully well that it is highly infectious
rS;kj ugha Fkk] D;ksafd ekuo lalkèku] èku vkSj ,slh fLFkfr disease and resources and infrastructure are
limited?
esa ns[kHkky djus ds fy;s cqfu;knh <k¡ps ds :i esa vU; (b) If yours is a private hospital, whether your
lqfoèkkvksa dh deh FkhA bl chekjh us ,d rjiQ rks tkfr] justification and decision would remain same as that
iaFk] èkeZ dh ijokg fd;s fcuk fdlh dks ugha c['kk vkSj of a public hospital?
nwljh rjiQ ^vehj&xjhc* nksuksa dks Hkh ugha NksM+kA vLirky mÙkj % (a) ,d lkoZtfud vLirky dk ç'kkld gksus ds ukrs
eas fcLrj] vkWDlhtu flysaMj] ,acqysal] vLirky&deZpkjh loZçFke eSa ml vLirky ds lHkh twfu;j o lhfu;j MkWDVjksa] ulks±]
vkSj 'e'kku dh deh lcls egÙoiw.kZ igyw FksA deZpkfj;ksa vkfn dh ,d vkikr cSBd cqykÅ¡xk rFkk COVID-19 ls
mRiUu pqukSfr;ksa] ejh”kksa dh yxkrkj c<+rh la[;k vkSj vLirky dh
vki ,sls le; ,d lkoZtfud vLirky esa vLirky iz'kkld {kerk vkfn ds ckjs esa ppkZ d:¡xk rFkk bl ifjfLFkfr ls fuiVus dh
gSa] tc dksjksukok;jl us cM+h la[;k esa yksxksa ij geyk viuh rS;kfj;ksa dh leh{kk d:¡xkA
fd;k vkSj vLirky esa ejh”kksa dk fnu&jkr vkuk&tkuk z vLirky ds lHkh deZpkfj;ksa ls ;g fuosnu d:¡xk fd os bl
yxk jgrk FkkA ladV dh ?kM+h esa viuk 100 iQhlnh ;ksxnku nsaA chekjh dh
(a) iwjh rjg ls tkurs gq, fd ;g vR;fèkd laØked jksx xaHkhjrk dks le>saA blds lkFk&lkFk Lo;a ,oa vius ifjokj dh
gS vkSj lalkèku rFkk cqfu;knh <k¡ps lhfer gSa] vius lqj{kk ij Hkh fo'ks"k è;ku j•saA
uSnkfud vkSj xSj&uSnkfud deZpkfj;ksa dks jksfx;ksa dh z laØked jksxksa dk bykt djus okys vuqHkoh MkWDVjksa] ulZ o

ns[kHkky djus esa yxkus ds fy;s vkids ekunaM vkSj vU; vLirky deZpkfj;ksa dh ,d Vhe cukdj vU; lnL;ksa
dks muds funZs'ku esa dk;Z djus dk lq>ko nw¡xk vkSj bldh
vkSfpR; D;k gSa\
fuxjkuh eSa Lo;a Hkh djrk jgw¡xkA bl nkSjku eSa bl chekjh ls
(b) ;fn vkidk futh vLirky gS] rks D;k vkidk vkSfpR; lacafèkr fofHkUu ljdkjh fn'kk&funZs'kksa ,oa oSf'od ?kVukvksa ij
vkSj fu.kZ; oSlk gh gksrk tSlk fd lkoZtfud u”kj cuk, j•w¡xk rFkk vius LVkiQ ds lnL;ksa dks bldh tkudkjh
vLirky esa\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad) nsrk jgw¡xkA
581
 z eSa tkurk gw¡ fd dqN vLirky deZpkjh o LVkiQ bl chekjh dks ck”kkj esa csp jgh FkhA bl izdj.k us [kk| daiuh dh
ysdj vokafNr O;ogkj dj ldrs gSa] blfy;s chp&chp esa muls izfr"Bk vkSj ykHknk;drk ij izfrdwy izHkko MkykA
O;fDrxr :i ls ehfVax dj mudh vk'kadkvksa dks nwj djus dk (a) ?kjsyw ck”kkj ds fy;s fuèkkZfjr [kk| ekudksa dk mYya?ku
ç;kl d:¡xk rFkk mudk [;ky j•w¡xk] rkfd os ?kcjk,¡ ughaA djus vkSj vLohÑr fu;kZr mRiknksa dks ?kjsyw ck”kkj esa
z vLirky esa ,acqysal] vkWDlhtu dh vkiwfrZ vkfn c<+kus ds fy;s cspus ds fy;s [kk| daiuh ds f[kykiQ l{ke izkfèkdkjh
vkl&ikl ds NGOs o vU; i{kdkjksa ls lgk;rk ysdj dk;Z }kjk vki D;k dkjZokbZ dh dYiuk djrs gSa\
d:¡xkA bl nkSjku u”knhdh AIIMS ls laidZ cuk, j•w¡xkA (b) ladV dks gy djus vkSj viuh [kksbZ gqbZ izfr"Bk
z eSa vius vLirky ds lnL;ksa dks çksRlkfgr djrk jgw¡xk fd os dks okil ykus ds fy;s [kk| daiuh ds ikl D;k
COVID ejh”kksa ds lkFk laosnukiw.kZ O;ogkj cuk, j•saA muds fØ;kfofèk miyCèk gS\
ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ds lkFk fdlh Hkh rjg dk ruko ;k fookn (c) ekeys esa fufgr uSfrd nqfoèkk dh tk¡p dhft;sA
eksy ysus ls cpsaA lkFk gh vLirky esa lHkh vko';d oLrqvksa_  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
tSls&nokb;k¡] vkWDlhtu flysaMj] csM dh la[;k c<+kus rFkk A reputed food product company based in India
vfrfjDr LVkiQ dh rSukrh ij Hkh fopkj djrk jgw¡xkA developed a food product for the international market
and started exporting the same after getting necessary
mÙkj % (b) esjs fopkj ls çR;sd fpfdRld dks mlds lsok approvals. The company announced this achievement
ewY;ksa dks è;ku esa j•uk pkfg;s u fd bl ckr dks fd og lkoZtfud and also indicated that soon the product will be made
vLirky esa gS ;k futh vLirky esa vkSj bl vkèkkj ij u gh dksbZ available for the domestic consumers with almost same
HksnHkko djuk pkfg;sA quality and health benefits. Accordingly, the company
got its product approved by the domestic competent
z vLirky pkgs futh gks ;k lkoZtfud ejh”kksa dh vPNh fpfdRlk
authority and launched the product in Indian market.
dks lokZsifj egÙo fn;k tkuk pkfg;s] D;ksafd ejh”k vkSj mlds The company could increase its market share over a
ifjokj okyksa ds fy;s vafre vkl MkWDVj gh gksrs gSaA period of time and earned substantial profit both
z ,slh xaHkhj chekjh dh fLFkfr esa eSa le> ldrk gw¡ fd ejh”k domestically and internationally. However, the random
sample test conducted by inspecting team found the
,oa muds ifjokj okys csgn ruko dh fLFkfr esa gksaxsA vr% eSa
product being sold domestically in variance with the
,oa esjk LVkiQ bl Lrj ij dk;Z djsaxs fd vLirky mUgsa muds approval obtained from the competent authority. On
?kj tSlk eglwl gksA eSa ,slh dk;Z laLÑfr ogk¡ iSnk d:¡xkA further investigation, it was also discovered that the
z eSa iwjh bZekunkjh ls fpfdRlk uSfrdrk dk ikyu djrs gq, fcYdqy food company was not only selling products which were
oSlk gh bar”kke d:¡xk tSlk fd lkoZtfud vLirky dk ç'kkld not meeting the health standard of the country but also
selling the rejected export products in the domestic
gksus ds ukrs dj jgk gw¡A market. This episode adversely affected the reputation
iz'u% Hkkjr esa fLFkr ,d izfrf"Br [kk| mRikn daiuh us and profitability of the food company.
varjkZ"Vªh; ck”kkj ds fy;s ,d [kk| mRikn fodflr (a) What action do you visualize should be taken by the
fd;k vkSj vko';d vuqeksnu izkIr djus ds ckn mldk competent authority against the food company for
fu;kZr 'kq: dj fn;kA daiuh us bl miyfCèk dh ?kks"k.kk violating the laid down domestic food standard and
selling rejected export products in domestic market?
dh vkSj ;g ladsr Hkh fn;k fd tYn gh ;g mRikn
(b) What course of action is available with the food
?kjsyw miHkksDrkvksa ds fy;s yxHkx leku xq.koÙkk vkSj company to resolve the crisis and bring back its lost
LokLF; ykHk ds lkFk miyCèk djk;k tk,xkA rnuqlkj] reputation?
daiuh us vius mRikn dks ?kjsyw l{ke izkfèkdkjh }kjk (c) Examine the ethical dilemma involved in the case.
vuqeksfnr djk;k vkSj mRikn dks Hkkjrh; ck”kkj esa ykWUp
mÙkj% mi;qZDr dsl LVMh ,d [kk| inkFkZ fuekZrk daiuh ds :i
fd;kA daiuh us le; ds lkFk ck”kkj esa viuh fgLlsnkjh
esa futh daifu;ksa esa O;kIr vuSfrdrk ,oa bu daifu;ksa }kjk lkoZtfud
dks c<+k;k vkSj ?kjsyw rFkk varjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij i;kZIr ykHk
fgrksa dh rqyuk esa ykHkçnrk dks vfèkd ojh;rk nsus dks çnf'kZr djrh gSA
v£tr fd;kA gkyk¡fd] fujh{k.k ny }kjk fd;s x,
;kn`fPNd uewuksa (jSaMe lSaiy) ds ijh{k.k esa ik;k x;k mÙkj % (a) çLrqr çdj.k esa tk¡p çkfèkdj.k }kjk daiuh ds fo#¼
fd l{ke izkfèkdkjh ls izkIr vuqeksnu ls fHkUu mRiknksa fuEu dkjZokbZ dh tk ldrh gS&
dks ?kjsyw Lrj ij cspk tk jgk gSA vkxs dh tk¡p esa ;g z lkoZtfud LokLF; ls f•yokM+ djus ds vkjksi esa daiuh ds mPp
Hkh irk pyk fd [kk| daiuh u dsoy ,sls mRiknksa dks vfèkdkfj;ksa ds fo#¼ dkuwuh dkjZokbZ djukA
csp jgh Fkh] tks ns'k ds LokLF; ekudksa dks iwjk ugha z daiuh }kjk fufeZr mRiknksa dh iqu% tk¡p djus rd ?kjsyw ,oa
dj jgs Fks] cfYd vLohÑr fu;kZr mRikn dks Hkh ?kjsyw fons'kh ck”kkj esa daiuh ds mRiknksa dh igq¡p dks jksdukA

582
 z vkfFkZd :i ls daiuh ds Åij tqekZuk vkjksfir djukA [kkfjt dj fn;k tkrk Fkk vkSj nwljksa dh mifLFkfr esa
z mu mRiknksa dks iw.kZrk lekIr djuk] ftUgsa tk¡p esa fuèkkZfjr ekudksa ofj"B vfèkdkjh ukjk”kxh O;Dr djrk FkkA ;g ofj"B
ds vuq:i ugha ik;k x;kA vfèkdkjh ds dkedkt dh 'kSyh dk rjhdk cu x;k
ftlesa mldks xyr <ax ls fn[kk;k tkrk] mldh
z Hkfo"; esa ,slh fdlh laHkkouk dks jksdus gsrq mfpr dne mBkukA
de”kksfj;ksa dks mtkxj fd;k tkrk vkSj lkoZtfud :i
mÙkj % (b) daiuh }kjk mDr leL;k dks lqy>kus ,oa viuh •ksbZ
ls viekfur fd;k tkrk FkkA ;g Li"V gks x;k fd ;|fi
gqbZ çfr"Bk dks iqu% gkfly djus gsrq fuEu dne mBk, tk ldrs gSa& ;s dke ls lacafèkr dksbZ xaHkhj leL;k,¡@dfe;k¡ ugha Fkha]
z daiuh ds 'kh"kZ usr`Ro ,oa mRiknksa dh tk¡p djus okys vfèkdkfj;ksa ysfdu ofj"B vfèkdkjh ges'kk fdlh&u&fdlh cgkus ls
dh O;kid leh{kk djukA mls Mk¡Vrk vkSj ml ij fpYykrkA iou ds yxkrkj
z ?kjsyw ,oa fons'kh ck”kkj ekfydksa dk iqu% vè;;u dj Hkfo"; esa mRihM+u vkSj lkoZtfud vkykspuk ds ifj.kkeLo:i
vius mRiknksa dk fuekZ.k muds vuq:i djukA mlds vkRefo'okl] vkRelEeku vkSj leHkko dks uqdlku
z Hkfo"; esa ,slh fdlh xyrh dks jksdus gsrq daiuh ds vanj ,d
igq¡pkA iou us eglwl fd;k fd ofj"B vfèkdkjh ds
tk¡p çkfèkdj.k dk fuekZ.k djuk] tks Hkfo"; esa ck”kkj esa igq¡pus lkFk mlds lacaèk vkSj vfèkd fo"kkDr gksrs tk jgs gSa
rFkk og fujarj rukoxzLr] ¯pfrr ,oa ncko eglwl
ls iwoZ mRiknksa dh tk¡p djsxkA
djus yxk gSA mldk eu udkjkRedrk ls Hkjk gqvk Fkk
z vko';drk iM+us ij daiuh }kjk lkoZtfud :i ls •sn O;Dr djukA
vkSj mls ekufld ;kruk] ihM+k vkSj O;Fkk dks >syuk
mÙkj % (c) mi;qZDr çdj.k ls lacafèkr çeq• uSfrd }a} fuEu gSa& iM+ jgk FkkA vkf[kjdkj] blus mlds O;fDrxr vkSj
z lkoZtfud LokLF; cuke futh ykHk % fdlh Hkh daiuh ds ikfjokfjd thou dks cqjh rjg izHkkfor fd;kA ?kj ij
fuekZ.k dk mís'; vfèkdkfèkd ykHk çkIr djuk gksrk gS] ,sls esa Hkh og vc mYyflr] izlUu vkSj larq"V ugha jgrk Fkk]
lkoZtfud LokLF; dks vfèkd ojh;rk nsuk ,oa vius ykHk dks cfYd fcuk fdlh dkj.k ds og viuh iRuh vkSj ifjokj
lhfer djuk bl uSfrd }a} dks mRiUu djrk gSA ds vU; lnL;ksa ds lkFk viuk vkik [kks nsrk FkkA
z ?kjsyw ck”kkj cuke fons'kh ck”kkj dks ojh;rk nsus dk }a} %
ikfjokfjd okrkoj.k vc lq[kn vkSj vuqdwy ugha jg
x;k FkkA mldh iRuh] tks ges'kk mldk lkFk nsrh Fkh]
?kjsyw ck”kkj ,oa fons'kh ck”kkj ds fHkUu&fHkUu ekudksa ds vkèkkj
og Hkh udkjkRedrk vkSj 'k=kqrkiw.kZ O;ogkj dk f'kdkj
ij vius mRiknksa dk fuekZ.k djuk ,oa fuèkkZfjr ck”kkjksa rd mudh
gks xbZA dk;kZy; esa mlds vieku vkSj mRihM+u ds dkj.k
igq¡p lqfuf'pr djukA
mlds thou ls vkjke vkSj [kq'kh yxHkx xk;c gks xbZA
z jk"Vªh; fgr cuke O;kolkf;d fgr % vfèkd ykHk dh vkdka{kk bl izdkj blus mlds 'kkjhfjd vkSj ekufld LokLF;
esa fuèkkZfjr ekudksa dk ikyu u djus ,oa idM+s tkus ls u dks uqdlku ig¡qpk;kA
fliQZ daiuh dh çfr"Bk dks gkfu gksxh] vfirq jk"Vª dh Nfo Hkh (a) bl fLFkfr ls fucVus ds fy;s iou ds ikl dkSu&ls
èkwfey gksxhA fodYi miyCèk gSa\
iz'u% iou fiNys nl o"kks± ls jkT; ljdkj esa vfèkdkjh ds (b) dk;kZy; vkSj ?kj esa 'kkafr] ç'kkafr vkSj lkSgknZiw.kZ
in ij dk;Zjr gSA fu;fer LFkkukarj.k ds varxZr mls
okrkoj.k ykus ds fy;s iou dks D;k n`f"Vdks.k viukuk
nwljs foHkkx esa rSukr fd;k x;kA mlus vU; ik¡p lkfFk;ksa
pkfg;s\
ds lkFk ,d u, dk;kZy; esa dk;ZHkkj xzg.k fd;kA
dk;kZy; dk izeq[k ,d ofj"B vfèkdkjh Fkk] tks vius (c) ,d ckgjh O;fDr ds :i esa ofj"B vfèkdkjh rFkk
dk;kZy; dh dk;Ziz.kkyh esa fuiq.k FkkA lkekU; iwNrkN vèkhuLFk nksuksa ds fy;s bl fLFkfr ls mcjus vkSj dk;Z
ds nkSjku iou dks irk pyk fd ofj"B vfèkdkjh dk fu"iknu] ekufld rFkk HkkokRed LokLF; esa lqèkkj ds
[kqn dk ikfjokfjd thou v'kkar gksus ds lkFk&lkFk og fy;s vkids D;k lq>ko gSa\
dBksj vkSj vlaosnu'khy Nfo okyk gSA 'kq: esa yxk fd (d) mi;qZDr ifjn`'; esa] vki ljdkjh dk;kZy;ksa esa fofHkUu
lc Bhd py jgk gSA gkyk¡fd] dqN le; ckn gh iou Lrjksa ds vfèkdkfj;ksa ds fy;s fdl izdkj ds izf'k{k.k
us eglwl fd;k fd mldk ofj"B vfèkdkjh vkerkSj ij dk lq>ko nsaxs\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
mldks viekfur djrk Fkk vkSj dHkh&dHkh vfoosdh Pawan is working as an officer in the State Government
FkkA cSBdksa esa iou tks Hkh lq>ko nsrk Fkk mUgsa fljs ls for the last ten years. As a part of routine transfer, he

583
 was posted to another department. He joined in a new çeq• fgrèkkjd % jkT; ljdkj dk vfèkdkjh iou] iou dh iRuh
office along with five other colleagues. The head of the vkSj ifjokj ds vU; lnL;] ofj"B vfèkdkjh] vkSj iou ds ik¡p lkFkhA
office was a senior officer conversant with the functioning
of the office. As a part of general inquiry, Pawan mÙkj % (a) mi;ZqDr of.kZr fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s iou ds
gathered that his senior officer carries the reputation of ikl fuEufyf•r fodYi miyCèk gSa&
being difficult and insensitive person having his own z orZeku in ls bLrhiQk % ;g iyk;uokn vkSj lkgl dh deh
disturbed family life. Initially, all seem to go well. dks n'kkZrk gSA blls iou dh O;fDrxr f”kEesnkfj;k¡ Hkh çHkkfor
However, after some time Pawan felt that the senior
officer was belittling him and at times unreasonable.
gksaxhA
Whatever suggestions given or views expressed by z vkWfiQl ls dqN le; ds fy;s Nqêðh ysuk % blls iou dks FkksM+h
Pawan in the meetings were summarily rejected and jkgr rks feysxh] ysfdu nksckjk TokWbu djus ij mls mUgha fnDdrksa
the senior officer would express displeasure in the dk lkeuk djuk iM+sxkA
presence of others. It became a pattern of boss's style
z nwljs foHkkx esa LFkkukarj.k ds fy;s vkosnu nsuk % ;g ,d
of functioning to show him in bad light highlighting his
short comings and humiliating publically. It became ç'kklfud fu.kZ; gS] ftl ij iou dk fu;a=k.k ugha gSA
apparent that though these are no serious work-related z dk;kZy; esa vius ofj"B dh mis{kk djsa % dke esa leUo; vkSj
problems/shortcomings, the senior officer was always xq.koÙkk çHkkfor gksxhA ;g mls lexz :i ls dke djus ds çfr
on one pretext or the other and would scold and shout
mnklhu cuk ldrk gSA
at him. The continuous harassment and public criticism
of Pawan resulted in loss of confidence, self-esteem and mÙkj % (b) dk;kZy; vkSj ?kj esa 'kkafr vkSj vuqdwy okrkoj.k
equanimity. Pawan realized that his relations with his ykus ds fy;s iou dks HkkoukRed cqf¼eÙkk dk fodkl vkSj çn'kZu
senior officer are becoming more toxic and due to this, djuk pkfg;sA ftls fuEu fcanqvksa ds ekè;e ls le>k tk ldrk gSA
he felt perpetually tensed, anxious and stressed. His
z nks ç'uksa ds mÙkj nsus ds fy;s iou dks vius dk;Z dk
mind was occupied with negativity and caused him
mental torture, anguish and agony. Eventually, it badly vkRe&fujh{k.k djuk pkfg;sA
affected his personal and family life. He was no longer z D;k mlds dk;Z mlds ofj"B dks ijs'kku dj jgs Fks\
joyous, happy and contented even at home. Rather z ofj"B dk vU; u, LFkkukarfjr lg;ksfx;ksa ds çfr D;k O;ogkj
without any reason he would loose his temper with his
wife and other family members. The family environment
gS\
was no longer pleasant and congenial. His wife who was z vius ofj"B ds lkFk ,d •qyh ckrphr djsaA
always supportive to him also became a victim of his z mldh fparkvksa dks le>us dh dksf'k'k djsaA
negativity and hostile behaviour. Due to harassment and
z vius ofj"B dh dkjZokbZ dk dkj.k le>sa % blls iou vkSj
humiliation suffering by him in the office, comfort and
happiness virtually vanished from his life. Thus it mlds ofj"B dks ewy dkj.k le>us dk ekSdk feysxkA
damaged his physical and mental health. z ;fn ;g dke ugha djrk gS] rks ekeys dks nksuksa ds ofj"B vfèkdkjh
(a) What are the options available with Pawan to cope ds laKku esa yk,¡ vkSj fyf•r f'kdk;r ntZ djsaA
up with the situation? z dk;kZy; esa ftl leL;k dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gS] mls le>krs
(b) What approach Pawan should adopt for bringing
gq, iRuh ds lkFk bl ekeys ij ppkZ djsaA mldh iRuh mls
peace, tranquillity and congenial environment in the
office and home?
le>sxh vkSj mldk leFkZu djsxhA
(c) As an outsider, what are your suggestions for both z AQ fodflr djsa vkSj is'ksoj ,oa O;fDrxr thou dks vyx
boss and subordinate to overcome this situation and djuk lh•saA
for improving the work performance, mental and mÙkj % (c) ,d ckgjh O;fDr ds :i esa] ofj"B vkSj vèkhuLFkksa
emotional hygiene?
dks esjk fuEu lq>ko gSa&
(d) In the above scenario, what type of training would
you suggest for officers at various levels in the ofj"B vfèkdkjh dks lq>ko
government offices? z vius vèkhuLFkksa dk lEeku djsaA
mÙkj% ;g •jkc dk;Z laLÑfr] çkfèkdkj ds nq#i;ksx] HkkoukRed z HkkoukRed cqf¼ fodflr djsa] ,d usrk vkSj ,d vkn'kZ dh rjg
cqf¼eÙkk dh deh ,oa O;fDrxr vkSj O;kolkf;d thou esa lkeatL; dk;Z djsaA
cukus esa vleFkZrk dk ekeyk gSA z jpukRed vkykspuk nsa] nwljksa dks derj ugha vk¡dsaA

584
vèkhuLFkksa dks lq>ko gh gSA jk"Vªh; ÅtkZ lqj{kk O;wgjpuk esa ;g xSl fxzM ,d
z leiZ.k vkSj çfrc¼rk ds lkFk dke djsa] ysfdu LokfHkeku@ vfuok;Z ?kVd gSA oSf'od cksyh (Xykscy fc¯Mx) ds rhu
vkRe&ewY; dh dher ij ughaA pj.kksa ds ckn bl ;kstuk dks ,d cgqjk"Vªh; m|ksx (,e-,u-
z dke ^thou dk fliQZ ,d fgLlk* gS] ^thou* ughaA
lh-) eSllZ ,Dl okbZ ”ksM gkbMªksdkcZu dks vkoafVr fd;k
z thou esa NksVh&NksVh ph”kksa dk vkuan ysa vkSj dke ls tqM+s ruko
x;kA fnlEcj esa bl cgqjk"Vªh; m|ksx dks Hkqxrku dh igyh
dks vius futh thou esa u vkus nsaA fd'r nsuk fuèkkZfjr gSA
mÙkj % (d) eSa ljdkjh dk;kZy;ksa esa vfèkdkfj;ksa dks fuEufyf•r bu nks fodkl ;kstukvksa dks le; ls ` 6000 djksM+ dh
çdkj ds çf'k{k.k dk lq>ko nw¡xk& vfrfjDr jkf'k vkoafVr djus ds fy;s foÙk ea=kky; dks
z laosnu'khyrk çf'k{k.k % bl ckr ds çfr laosnu'khy gksuk fd
dgk x;kA ;g fu.kZ; fy;k x;k fd iwjh jkf'k ,u-,p-,l-
fdlh ds dk;Z muds vklikl ds yksxksa dks dSls çHkkfor dj vkoaVu esa ls iqu£ofu;ksftr djus dh laLrqfr dh tk,A
jgs gSaA iQkby dks leh{kk vkSj vfxze dk;Zokgh ds fy;s ctV
foHkkx esa izsf"kr dj fn;k x;kA iQkby dk vè;;u djus
z Hkwfedk fuoZgu dk çf'k{k.k % nwljksa dh leL;kvksa vkSj ckèkkvksa
ij jkts'k dqekj dks ;g vkHkkl gqvk fd iqu£ofu;kstu
dks le>us ds fy;s fLFkfr dks nwljksa ds u”kfj;s ls ns•ukA
djus ls ,u-,p-,l- ;kstuk dks fØ;kfUor djus esa vR;fèkd
z foJke çf'k{k.k % 'kjhj vkSj efLr"d dks vPNs ls LoLFk j•us
foyEc gks ldrk gS] ofj"B jktusrkvksa ds }kjk vk;ksftr
ds fy;s 'kkjhfjd O;k;ke vkSj è;ku_ udkjkRed fopkjksa vkSj
lHkkvksa esa bl ;kstuk dh dkiQh ppkZ gqbZ FkhA nwljh vksj
fujk'kkvksa dks de djrk gSA
foÙk dh vuqiyCèkrk ls ,l-bZ-tsM esa foÙkh; {kfr gksxh
z lapkj çf'k{k.k % çHkkoh lapkj ds fy;s ekSf•d vkSj xSj&ekSf•d
vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; ;kstuk esa foyfEcr Hkqxrku ls jk"Vªh;
ladsrksa dk mi;ksx djukA 'k²enxh HkhA
z bl vH;kl dk mís'; n`f"Vdks.k esa ldkjkRedrk dks c<+kok nsuk]
jkts'k dqekj us bl izlax ij vius ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ds
lekosf'krk dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj dk;Z laLÑfr dks csgrj cukuk gSA
lkFk fopkj&foe'kZ fd;kA mUgsa crk;k x;k fd jktuhfrd
2020 :i ls bl laosnu'khy fLFkfr ij rqjar dk;Zokgh gksuh
pkfg;sA jkts'k dqekj us eglwl fd;k fd ,u-,p-,l- ;kstuk
iz'u% jkts'k dqekj ,d ofj"B yksd lsod gSa] ftudh bZekunkjh
ls jkf'k ds foiFku ij ljdkj ds fy;s laln esa dfBu
vkSj Li"Vokfnrk dh izfr"Bk gS] vktdy foÙk ea=kky; ds
iz'u [kM+s gks ldrs gSaA
ctV foHkkx ds izeq[k gSaA orZeku esa mudk foHkkx jkT;ksa
dks ctVh; lgk;rk dh O;oLFkk djus esa O;Lr gS] ftuesa bl izlax ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr dk foospu dhft;sµ
ls pkj jkT;ksa esa blh foÙkh; o"kZ esa pquko gksus okys gSaA (a) dY;k.kdkjh ;kstuk ls fodkl ;kstuk esa jkf'k ds

bl o"kZ ds ok£"kd ctV us jk"Vªh; vkokl ;kstuk (,u-,p- iqu£ofu;kstu esa fufgr uhfrijd eqísA
,l-) dks ` 8300 djksM+ vkoafVr fd;s FksA ;g lekt ds (b) lkoZtfud jkf'k ds mfpr mi;ksx dh vko';drk dks
de”kksj lewgksa ds fy;s dsaæ izk;ksftr lkekftd vkokl è;ku esa j[krs gq,] jkts'k dqekj ds le{k miyCèk
;kstuk gSA twu ekg rd ` 775 djksM+ ,u-,p-,l- gsrq fy;s fodYiksa dk foospu dhft;sA D;k inR;kx ,d ;ksX;
x, gSaA fodYi gS\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
Rajesh Kumar is a senior public servant, with a
fu;kZr dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s okf.kT; ea=kky; dkiQh le;
reputation of honesty and forthrightness, currently
ls ,d nf{k.kh jkT; esa fo'ks"k vkfFkZd ”kksu (,l-bZ-”ksM) posted in the Finance Ministry as Head of the
LFkkfir djus dh iSjoh dj jgk gSA dsaæ vkSj jkT; ds eè; Budget Division. His department is presently busy
nks o"kks± rd pyh foLr`r ppkZ ds ckn vxLr ekg esa dsaæh; in organising the budgetary support to the states,
four of which are due to go to the polls within the
eaf=keaMy us bl ;kstuk dh LohÑfr iznku dj nhA vko';d financial year.
Hkwfe izkIr djus ds fy;s izfØ;k izkjEHk dj nh xbZA This year's annual budget had allotted ` 8300 crores for
vBkjg ekg iwoZ ,d mÙkjh jkT; esa {ks=kh; xSl fxzM ds fy;s National Housing Scheme (NHS), a centrally sponsored
social housing scheme for the weaker sections of society.
,d ize[q k lkoZtfud {ks=k dh bdkbZ us fo'kky xSl izlLa dj.k
` 775 crores have been drawn for NHS till June.
la;a=k LFkkfir djus dh vko';drk crkbZ FkhA lkoZtfud The Ministry of Commerce had long been pursuing a
{ks=k dh bdkbZ (ih-,l-;w-) ds ikl vko';d Hkwfe igys ls case for setting up a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in a

585
 southern state to boost exports. After two years of z lektokn cuke iwathokn% jk"Vªh; vkokl ;kstuk yksd dY;k.k
detailed discussions between the centre and state, the ds mís';ksa ds lkFk lektoknh fopkjèkkjk dh vksj vfèkd >qdk
Union Cabinet approved the project in August. Process
was initiated to acquire the necessary land. gSA ogha ,l-bZ-tsM- rFkk xSl izlaLdj.k la;a=k dh LFkkiuk iwathoknh
Eighteen months ago a leading Public Sector Unit (PSU) fopkjèkkjk dks ofj;rk nsrh gSA
had projected the need for setting up a large natural (b) jkts'k dqekj ds le{k miyC/ fodYi
gas processing plant in northern state for the regional
gas grid. The required land is already in possession of zvkokl ifj;kstuk ds fy;s daifu;ksa ds CSR dk mi;ksx djuk%
the PSU. The gas grid is an essential component of the ;g daiuh vfèkfu;e] 2013 ds vuqlkj gksxkA blds rgr daiuh
national energy security strategy. After three rounds of
ds fiNys rhu o"kks± ds vkSlr ykHk dk de&ls&de 2% [kpZ
global bidding the project was allotted to an MNC, M/s
XYZ Hydrocarbons. The first tranche of payment to djuk gksrk gSA bl jkf'k dk iz;ksx lekt ds de”kksj oxks± ds fy;s
the MNC is scheduled to be made in December. vkokl cukus esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA
Finance Ministry was asked for a timely allocation of z vfrfjDr ctVh; lgk;rk% bu fodkl ;kstukvksa dks le; ls iwjk
an additional ` 6000 crores for these two developmental
projects. It was decided to recommend re-appropriation
djus ds fy;s vfrfjDr ctVh; lgk;rk dk vkxzg fd;k tk
of this entire amount from the NHS allocation. The file ldrk gSA ;g izfØ;k vR;fèkd tfVy gksus ds lkFk&lkFk jktdks"k
was forwarded to Budget Department for their ij vfrfjDr ncko Hkh MkysxhA
comments and further processing. On studying the case
z vkokl ds fuekZ.k gsrq ,l-bZ-tsM- ds ykHk dk ,d fgLlk vkoafVr
file, Rajesh Kumar realized that this re-appropriation
may cause inordinate delay in the execution of NHS, a djuk% mi;qZDr izdj.k esa ,l-bZ-tsM- ds fy;s ,d vuqcaèk igys
project much publicized in the rallies of senior ls gh fd;k x;k vkSj jk"Vªh; vkokl ;kstuk ds fy;s Hkwfe vfèkxzg.k
politicians. Correspondingly, non-availability of vHkh 'kq: gh fd;k x;k gSA pw¡fd Hkwfe vfèkxzg.k esa le; vfèkd
finances would cause financial loss in the SEZ and
national embarrassment due to delayed payment in an
yxrk gS] blfy;s vfèkdkjh }kjk ,l-bZ-tsM+ ds fy;s iQaM vkoafVr
international project. fd;k tk ldrk gSA rRi'pkr~ ,l-bZ-tsM- ls izkIr ykHk dk ,d
Rajesh Kumar discussed the matter with his seniors. fgLlk jk"Vªh; vkokl ;kstuk ds fy;s vkoafVr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
He was conveyed that this politically sensitive situation inR;kx ,d ;ksX; fodYi gks ldrk gS\
needs to be processed immediately. Rajesh Kumar
realized that diversion of funds from NHS could raise pw¡fd jkts'k ,d ofj"B yksd lsod gksus ds lkFk bZekunkj vkSj
difficult questions for the government in the Parliament. Li"Voknh yksd lsod Hkh gSaA blfy;s buds }kjk inR;kx djuk
Discuss the following with reference to this case : dÙkZO;foeq[krk dks n'kkZrk gS] D;ksafd ¶thrus okys dHkh eSnku NksM+rs
(a) Ethical issues involved in re-appropriation of funds ugha vkSj eSnku NksM+dj Hkkxus okys dHkh thrrs ughaA¸
from a welfare project to the developmental pro-
jects. vr% bUgsa vius in dh xfjek cuk, j[krs gq, eè;eekxZ dks
(b) Given the need for proper utilization of public funds, viukuk pkfg;s] rkfd lekt ds de”kksj oxks± ds fy;s vkokl Hkh cu
discuss the options available to Rajesh Kumar. Is tk, vkSj jk"Vª ds vkfFkZd fodkl esa Hkh dksbZ ckèkk mRiUu u gksA
resigning a worthy option? iz'u% Hkkjr felkby fyfeVsM (ch-,e-,y-) ds vè;{k Vhoh ij
mÙkj% Hkkjr ds lafoèkku esa fufgr uhfr ds funs'kd rÙoksa dk ,d dk;ZØe ns[k jgs Fks ftlesa izèkkuea=kh vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr
mís'; lkekftd&vkfFkZd yksdra=k ds lkFk&lkFk yksddY;k.kdkjh jkT; ds fodkl dh vko';drk ij jk"Vª dks lEcksfèkr dj jgs
dh voèkkj.kk dks lkdkj djuk gSA mi;qZDr dsl LVMh jk"Vª ds vkfFkZd FksA vopsru :i esa mUgksaus gkeh Hkjh vkSj eu&gh&eu
fodkl vkSj yksddY;k.kdkjh ;kstukvksa ds p;u esa larqyu LFkkfir eqLdqjkrs gq, ch-,e-,y- dh foxr nks n'kdksa dh ;k=kk dh
djus dh vksj bafxr djrk gSA ekufld iqulZeh{kk dhA izFke ih<+h (iQLVZ tsujs'ku) dh
(a) uhfrijd eqís ,aVh&VSad xkbMsM felkby (,-Vh-th-,e-) ds mRiknu esa
z xjhcksa ds fy;s vkokl cuke jk"Vª dk vkfFkZd fodkl% jk"Vªh; iz'kaluh; :i ls vkxs c<+ dj ch-,e-,y- vc vR;kèkqfud
vkokl ;kstuk] tks lekt ds de”kksj lewgksa ds dY;k.k ls lacafèkr rduhd ij vkèkkfjr ,-Vh-th-,e- gfFk;kj iz.kkfy;ksa ds
gSA blds vkoaVu esa iqufoZfu;kstu djus ls ;kstuk dks fØ;kfUor fM”kkbu vkSj mudk mRiknu dj jgk Fkk tks fo'o dh
djus esa vR;fèkd foyac gks ldrk gSA ogha fo'ks"k vkfFkZd ”kksu fdlh Hkh lsuk ds fy;s bZ";kZ dk dkj.k gksaxsA vkg Hkjrs
dh LFkkiuk ls fu;kZr dks c<+kok fn;k tk ldrk gS rFkk xSl gq, mUgksaus viuh bl iwoZèkkj.kk ds lkFk le>kSrk fd;k fd
izlaLdj.k la;a=k LFkkfir djus ls mQtkZ lacaèkh vko';drkvksa dh laHkor;k ljdkj lSfud gfFk;kjksa ds fu;kZr ij izfrcaèk dh
iwfrZ gks ldrh gSA ;FkkfLFkfr dks ugha cnysxhA

586
 mUgsa vk'p;Z gqvk fd vxys gh fnu egkfuns'kd] j{kk As Chairman of BML, what are your views on the
ea=kky; ls ch-,e-,y- }kjk ,-Vh-th-,e- ds mRiknu esa o`f¼ following points?
(a) As an arms exporter of a responsible nation like
djus dh jhfr;ksa ij ppkZ djus ds fy;s mUgsa iQksu vk;k
India, what are the ethical issues involved in arms
D;ksafd laHkkouk gS fd ,d fe=k fons'kh ns'k dks mudk trade?
fu;kZr fd;k tk ldrk gSA egkfuns'kd pkgrs Fks fd vè;{k (b) List five ethical factors that would influence the
vxys lIrkg fnYyh esa muds vfèkdkfj;ksa ls foLr`r ppkZ decision to sell arms to foreign governments.
djsaA mÙkj% mi;qZDr dsl LVMh orZeku esa gfFk;kjksa ds c<+rs fu;kZr ls
nks fnu ckn] ,d laoknnkrk lEesyu esa] j{kkea=kh us dgk mRiUu uSfrd eqíksa ls lacafèkr gSA LVkWdgkse baVjus'kuy ihl fjlpZ
fd vxys ik¡p o"kks± esa os orZeku gfFk;kj fu;kZr Lrjksa dks bafLVVÔwV (flijh) dh ,d fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj fo'o esa gfFk;kjksa dk
nks&xquk djus dk è;s; j[krs gSaA ;g ns'kt gfFk;kjksa ds dkjksckj rs”kh ls iQy&iQwy jgk gSA fo'o esa çfro"kZ gfFk;kjksa dk 100
fodkl vkSj fuekZ.k ds foÙkiks"k.k dks izksRlkgu nsxkA mUgksaus fcfy;u MkWyj ls vfèkd dk varjkZ"Vªh; dkjksckj gksrk gS rFkk vesfjdk]
;g Hkh dgk fd lHkh ns'kt gfFk;kj fuekZrk jk"Vªksa dk :l vkSj phu ds chp vfèkdkfèkd gfFk;kjksa ds fu;kZr dh gksM+ ds
varjkZ"Vªh; gfFk;kj O;kikj esa cM+k vPNk fjdkWMZ gSA pyrs blesa fujarj o`f¼ gks jgh gSA gfFk;kjksa ds c<+rs fu;kZr ds bu
ch-,e-,y- ds vè;{k ds :i esa fuEufyf[kr ¯cnqvksa ij vk¡dM+ksa us bl O;olk; ls laacafèkr vusd uSfrd ¯prkvksa dks Hkh tUe
vkids D;k fopkj gSaµ fn;k gSA
(a) gfFk;kj fu;kZrd ds :i esa Hkkjr tSls mÙkjnk;h ns'k (a) çdj.k ls lacaf/kr fgr/kkjd lewg
ds gfFk;kj O;kikj esa uhfrijd eqís D;k gSa\ z gfFk;kj fu;kZrd ds :i esa Hkkjr
(b) fons'kh ljdkjksa dks gfFk;kjksa ds foØ; lacaèkh fu.kZ; z Hkkjr felkby fyfeVsM (ch-,e-,y-) ds vè;{k ds :i esa Lo;a eSa
dks izHkkfor djus okys ik¡p uhfrijd dkjdksa dks z gfFk;kj çkIrdÙkkZ jk"Vª
lwphc¼ dhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
çdj.k esa fo|eku uSfrd eqísµ
The Chairman of Bharat Missiles Ltd. (BML) was
watching a program on TV wherein the Prime Minister z ekuokfèkdkjksa ds guu ls laacafèkr eqís
was addressing the nation on the necessity of developing z i;kZoj.k ls lacafèkr eqís
a self-reliant India. He subconsciously nodded in z uSfrd nkf;Roksa dk fuèkkZj.k
agreement and smiled to himself as he mentally
z olqèkSo dqVqEcde ,oa fu'kL=khdj.k ds vkn'kks± ds foijhr
reviewed BML's journey in the past two decades. BML
had admirably progressed from producing first z O;kolkf;d uSfrdrk ds ßkl dk eqík
generation anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs) to z lrr fodkl y{; ,oa Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ds mís';ksa ds foijhr
designing and producing state of the art ATGM weapon
mÙkj % (b) mi;qZDr çdj.k esa ch-,e-,y- ds vè;{k gksus ds ukrs
systems that would be the envy of any army. He sighed
in reconciliation with his assumptions that the esjs fopkj ls tks ik¡p uhfrijd dkjd fons'kksa dks Hkkjr }kjk gfFk;kj
government would probably not alter the status quo of fu;kZr djus ds fu.kZ; dks çHkkfor djsaxs] os fuEufyf•r gSaµ
a ban on export of military weaponry. z i;kZoj.k ls lacafèkr eqís& xkSjryc gS fd felkby tSls foèoald
To his surprise, the very next day he got a telephone call gfFk;kj dk ç;ksx fdlh Hkh jk"Vª }kjk djuk varr% leLr i`Foh
from the Director General, Ministry of Defence, asking
him to discuss the modalities of increasing BML
ds i;kZoj.k ds fy;s gkfudkjd fl¼ gksxkA orZeku fo'o tks
production of ATGMs as there is a possibility of igys ls gh tyok;q ifjorZu ,oa vks”kksu ys;j ds {k; tSlh
exporting the same to a friendly foreign country. The i;kZoj.kh; leL;kvksa dks >sy jgk gS] ,sls esa Hkkjr tSls ,d
Director General wanted the Chairman to discuss the f”kEesnkj jk"Vª }kjk gfFk;kjksa ds fu;kZr esa o`f¼ ds fu.kZ; dk
details with his staff at Delhi next week. vusd i;kZoj.kh; laxBuksa }kjk fojksèk fd;k tkuk LokHkkfod
Two days later, at a press conference, the Defence
gSµ
Minister stated that he aims to double the current
weapons export levels within five years. This would give z Hkkjrh; fons'k uhfr ds vkn'kZ& ;g lR; gS fd Hkkjr us lnSo
an impetus to financing the development and vius ls de”kksj iM+kslh ns'kksa ds çfr ^cM+s HkkbZ* dh Hkwfedk
manufacture of indigenous weapons in the country. He
dk fuoZgu fd;k gS vkSj blh lanHkZ esa vusd fopkjdksa }kjk
also stated that all indigenous arms manufacturing
nations have a very good record of international arms Hkkjr ds felkby fu;kZr ds bl fu.kZ; dks lkefjd ,oa vkfFkZd
trade. n`f"V ls lgh Bgjkus dk ç;kl Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA ¯drq
587
 ;gk¡ gesa ;g Hkh Kkr gksuk pkfg;s fd Hkkjrh; fons'k uhfr dk iSnk gks xbZ gSaA ewy fuokl vkSj dikl iQkeks± ds f”kyksa esa
vkèkkj ^olqèkSo dqVqEcde*] ^fu'kL=khdj.k* ,oa ^'kkafriw.kZ Lo;alsoh laxBu Hkh fu"izHkkoh yxrs gSa vkSj mUgksaus {ks=k ds
lgvfLrRo* ds vkn'kZ ij fufeZr gSA ,sls esa Hkkjr }kjk gfFk;kj cky Je vkSj fodkl dh nksgjh leL;kvksa gsrq dksbZ Bksl
fu;kZr esa o`f¼ dk ;g fu.kZ; bu vkn'kks± ds foijhr çrhr iz;kl ugha fd;s gSaA
gksrk gSA vkidks jkeiqjk dk f”kyk dysDVj fu;qDr fd;k tkrk
z Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ,oa lrr fodkl y{; ds mís';ksa ds foijhr gSA ;gk¡ fufgr uhfrijd eqíksa dh igpku dhft;sA vius
Hkkjr dk gfFk;kj fu;kZr dk ;g fu.kZ; Hkkjrh; lafoèkku f”kys ds laiw.kZ vkfFkZd ifjn`'; dks lqèkkjus vkSj vo;Ld
dk vuqPNsn&51] tks ^varjkZ"Vªh; 'kkafr vkSj lqj{kk dh vfHko`f¼* yM+fd;ksa dh fLFkfr;ksa esa lqèkkj ykus ds fy;s vki D;k
dk dÙkZO; fuèkkZfjr djrk gS ,oa lrr fodkl y{;&16 tks 'kkafr ,oa fof'k"V dne mBk,axs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
Rampura, a remote district inhabited by a tribal
U;k; dks LFkkfir djus dk mís'; j•rk gS] ls lkeatL; ugha
population, is marked by extreme backwardness and
j•rk gSA ,sls esa bl vkèkkj ij bldk fojksèk fd;s tkus dh abject poverty. Agriculture is the mainstay of the local
laHkkouk gSA population, though it is primarily subsistence due to the
very small land holdings. There is insignificant
z O;kikj uSfrdrk ls lacafèkr eqís& uSfrdrk dk ;g :i dkjksckjh
industrial or mining activity. Even the targeted welfare
ekgkSy esa iSnk gq, uSfrd fl¼karksa vkSj uSfrd leL;kvksa dh programs have inadequately benefited the tribal
tk¡p djrk gS rFkk mlds lanHkZ esa dqN ekudksa dh LFkkiuk population. In this restrictive scenario, the youth has
djrk gSA bl fu.kZ; }kjk ;|fi Hkkjr dks u fliQZ vkfFkZd ykHk begun to migrate to other states to supplement the
family income. Plight of minor girls is that their parents
gksxk vfirq blls vusd jks”kxkj iSnk gksus dh Hkh lEHkkouk gS
are persuaded by labour contractors to send them to
tks O;kolkf;d n`f"Vdks.k ls ,d vPNk dne gksxk] ¯drq blls work in the Bt Cotton farms of a nearby state. The soft
O;kolkf;d uSfrdrk ds ewy vk;keksa] tSls& lkekftd fgr vkfn fingers of the minor girls are well suited for plucking
ds de”kksj gksus dh Hkh laHkkouk gSA the cotton. The inadequate living and working
conditions in these farms have caused serious health
z uSfrd }a}@nqfoèkkµ blesa felkby tSls foèoald gfFk;kjksa ds issues for the minor girls. NGOs in the districts of
xyr gkFkksa esa tkus dh Hkh laHkkouk gSA fo'o esa vkradoknh domicile and the cotton farms appear to be compromised
lewgksa ds gksrs çlkj ls vkt dksbZ Hkh jk"Vª vNwrk ugha gS] ,sls and have not effectively espoused the twin issues of child
labour and development of the area.
esa ;fn Hkkjr }kjk fu;kZr fd;s x, gfFk;kj fdlh vkradoknh
You are appointed as the District Collector of Rampura.
lewg ds gkFk yx x, rks blls gksus okys uqdlku esa Hkkjr leku Identify the ethical issues involved. Which specific steps
:i ls mÙkjnk;h gksxkA ,sls esa] Hkkjr ds le{k ;g uSfrd nqfoèkk will you initiate to ameliorate the conditions of minor
Hkh gksxh fd jk"Vªfgr ,oa uSfrd nkf;Ro esa fdls pqusA girls of your district and to improve the over-all
economic scenario in the district?
iz'u% jkeiqjk] ,d lqnwj tutkfr cgqy f”kyk] vR;fèkd fiNM+siu
vkSj n;uh; fuèkZurk ls xzflr gSA Ñf"k LFkkuh; vkcknh mÙkj% mDr izdj.k esa ,d tutkfr cgqy f”kyksa esa lkekftd
dh vkthfodk dk eq[; lkèku gS ysfdu cgqr NksVs ,oa vk£Fkd fiNM+siu ds lkFk gh 'kks"k.k rFkk izolu dh leL;k dks
HkwLokfeRo ds dkj.k ;g eq[;r;k fuokZg&[ksrh rd lhfer Hkh mtkxj fd;k x;k gSA blesa ljdkjh ,oa xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa dh
uSfrdrk ij iz'u fpÉ yxkus ds lkFk gh fyax iwokZxzg tSlh leL;k
gSA vkS|ksfxd ;k [kuu xfrfofèk;k¡ ;gk¡ ux.; gSAa ;gk¡ rd
Hkh ekStwn gSA lEiw.kZ izdj.k esa ljdkjh ra=k] Lo;alsoh laxBu] tutkrh;
fd yf{;r dY;k.kdkjh dk;ZØeksa ls Hkh tutkrh; vkcknh
vkcknh] Jfed Bsdns kj rFkk ch-Vh- dikl iQkeZ ize[q k fgrèkkjd gSAa
dks vi;kZIr ykHk gqvk gSA bl izfrcafèkr ifjn`'; esa]
ikfjokfjd vk; ds vuqijw .k gsrq ;qokvksa dks lehi fLFkr uhfrijd eqís
jkT;ksa esa iyk;u djuk iM+ jgk gSA vo;Ld yM+fd;ksa dh z laoSèkkfud ,oa dkuwuh vfèkdkjksa dk mYya?ku%
O;Fkk ;g gS fd Jfed Bsdsnkj muds ekrk&firk dks ‹ Ckky Je (fu"ksèk vkSj fofu;eu) vfèkfu;e] 1986

cgyk&iqQlyk dj mUgsa ,d u”knhd jkT; esa ch-Vh- dikl ‹ vuqPNsn 21, 23, 39, 42 rFkk 46

iQkeks± esa dke djus Hkst nsrs gSaA bu vo;Ld yM+fd;ksa dh ‹ f'k{kk dk vfèkdkj vfèkfu;e] 2009
dksey v¡xqfy;k¡ dikl pquus ds fy;s vfèkd mi;qDr gksrh z cky vfèkdkj dk mYya?ku% cky vfèkdkjksa ij la;Dq r jk"Vª lEesyu
gSaA bu iQkeks± esa jgus vkSj dke djus dh vi;kZIr fLFkfr;ksa (CRC) vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; Je laxBu (ILO) ,d cPps dks 18 o"kZ
ds dkj.k vo;Ld yM+fd;ksa ds fy;s xaHkhj LokLF; leL;k,¡ ls de vk;q ds fdlh Hkh O;fDr ds :i esa ifjHkkf"kr djrk gSA

588
 z fyax iwokZxzg% dsoy vo;Ld yM+fd;ksa dks dikl iQkeks± esa dk;Z vkidh izkjafHkd tk¡p esa vusd folaxfr;ksa dk [kqyklk
gsrq pquk tkukA gqvkA fuekZ.k esa ykbZ xbZ lkexzh fuEu xq.koÙkk dh FkhA
z dkWjiksjsV dh lkekftd f”kEesnkjh dh voèkkj.kk dh vuns[khA LohÑr fuekZ.k ;kstuk esa dsoy ,d fuEury dh vuqefr
z yf{kr dY;k.kdkjh dk;ZØeksa ds leqfpr fØ;kUo;u dk vHkkoA Fkh ysfdu ,d vfrfjDr fuEury dk fuekZ.k dj fy;k
z ;qokvksa dk iyk;u
x;kA uxj fuxe ds baLisDVj }kjk le;&le; ij fd;s x,
fujh{k.k ds nkSjku bldks vuns[kk fd;k x;kA viuh tk¡p
z vkthfodk dh leL;k% Ñf"k gh LFkkuh; vkcknh dh vkthfodk
ds nkSjku vkius ik;k fd ekLVj Iyku esa mfYyf[kr gfjr
dk eq[; lkèku gSA
iV~Vh ,oa ,d vfHkxe ekxZ ds izkoèkku ds ckn Hkh ekWy
z Ñf"k dh vuqi;ksfxrk% Ñf"k tksrksa dk NksVk gksuk bls vk£Fkd
ds fuekZ.k dks vuqefr iznku dj nh xbZA ekWy ds fuekZ.k
n`f"V ls uqdlkunk;d cukrk gSA
dh LohÑfr iwoZ fuxe vk;qDr ds }kjk nh xbZ Fkh tks u
z xaHkhj LokLF; leL;k,¡% dikl iQkeZ esa dk;Z djus dh vi;kZIr
dsoy vkids ofj"B gSa vkSj is'ksoj :i ls vkils vPNh
fLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.kA rjg ifjfpr gSa] lkFk gh vkids vPNs fe=k Hkh gSaA
f”kyk dysDVj ds :i esa eSa fuEufyf[kr fof'k"V dne izFken`"V;k] ;g izlax uxj fuxe ds vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj
mBkmQ¡xk& fuekZ.kdÙkkZ ds chp O;kid lk¡Bxk¡B dk izrhr gksrk gSA
z Lo;a lsoh laxBuksa dks fodkl dk;ks± esa rs”kh ykus ds fy;s iz'kklfud vkids lgdehZ vki ij tk¡p dks ean xfr ls djus dk
lg;ksx ,oa fuxjkuh esa o`f¼ djsaxsA ncko Mky jgs gSaA fuekZ.kdÙkkZ] tks fd le`¼ vkSj
z layXu ch-Vh- dikl iQkeks± ij daiuh vfèkfu;e ds rgr dkjZokbZ izHkko'kkyh gS] jkT; eaf=keaMy ds ,d 'kfDr'kkyh ea=kh dk
djus ds fy;s lacafèkr jkT; ljdkj ls vuq'kalk djukA fudV dk fj'rsnkj gSA fuekZ.kdÙkkZ vkidks cM+h jkf'k nsus
z eujsxk] loZ f'k{kk vfHk;ku] dLrwjck ckfydk fo|ky;] iks"k.k dk oknk djds izlax dks jiQkniQk djus ds fy;s
vfHk;ku] izoklh e”knwjksa ds fy;s ,d jk"Vª ,d jk'ku dkMZ ;kstuk] cgyk&iqQlyk jgk gSA oks ;g Hkh bZ'kkjk djrk gS fd ;fn
LokLF; chek ;kstuk vkfn yf{kr dk;ZØeksa dk leqfpr fØ;kUo;u izlax mlds fgr esa 'kh?kz fuiVk;k ugha tkrk gS rks dk;kZy;
lqfuf'pr djukA esa dksbZ vkids fo#¼ ;kSu mRihM+u dk;ZLFky vfèkfu;e
z ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa }kjk dh xbZ ykijokgh dk laKku ysdj nksf"k;ksa (iks'k ,DV) ds varxZr ekeyk ntZ djus dk bar”kkj dj
ij mfpr dkuwuh dkjZokbZ djukA jgh gSA
z nks"kh Jfed Bsdsnkj dh igpku dj ml ij dkuwuh dkjZokbZ djukA bl izlxa esa fufgr uhfrijd eqíksa dk foospu dhft;sA bl
z Ñf"k ls lacafèkr lfClMh rd fdlkuksa dh igq¡p lqfuf'pr djukA ifjfLFkfr esa vkids ikl dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi miyCèk gS\a
z tksrksa dh pdcanh lfgr vU; izdkj dh lqfoèkkvksa ds fodkl
vkids }kjk p;fur fØ;kfofèk dks Li"V dhft;sA
}kjk Hkwfe dh mRikndrk c<+kus dk iz;kl djukA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z LFkkuh; vkcknh dks muds vfèkdkjksa ds izfr tkx:d djus dk You are a municipal commissioner of a large city, having
the reputation of a very honest and upright officer. A
iz;kl djukA
huge multipurpose mall is under construction in your
esjs }kjk dh xbZ mDr dkjZokbZ ls u dsoy nksf"k;ksa dks nafMr fd;k tk city in which a large number of daily wage earners are
ldsxk cfYd vR;fèkd fiNM+siu vkSj n;uh; fuèkZurk ls xzLr lacafèkr employed. One night, during monsoons, a big chunk of
f”kys dh ewy leL;kvksa dks Hkh dkiQh gn rd nwj fd;k tk ldsxkA the roof collapsed causing instant death of four
labourers including two minors. Many more were
iz'u% vki ,d cM+s uxj ds fuxe vk;qDr gSa rFkk vkidh Nfo seriously injured requiring immediate medical
,d vR;ar bZekunkj vkSj dÙkZO;fu"B vfèkdkjh dh gSA attention. The mishap resulted in a big hue and cry,
vkids uxj esa ,d fo'kky cgqmís'kh; ekWy fuekZ.kkèkhu gS forcing the government to institute an enquiry.
ftlesa cM+h la[;k esa nSfud e”knwjh ikus okys Jfed dk;Zjr Your preliminary enquiry has revealed a series of
gSaA ekulwu ds nkSjku ,d jkr Nr dk cM+k Hkkx fxj tkrk anomalies. The material used for the construction was
gS ftlls pkj Jfedksa dh rkRdkfyd e`R;q gks tkrh gS of poor quality. Despite the approved building plans
ftuesa nks vo;Ld gSaA vusd Jfed xaHkhj :i ls ?kk;y permitting only one basement, an additional basement
has been constructed. This was overlooked during the
gks x, vkSj mUgsa rRdky fpfdRlk lsok dh vko';drk periodic inspections by the building inspector of the
FkhA nq?kZVuk ls eps gkgkdkj us ljdkj dks tk¡p ds vkns'k municipal corporation. In your enquiry, you noticed
nsus gsrq ckè; fd;kA that the construction of the mall was given the green

589
 signal despite encroaching on areas earmarked for a z bZekunkjh vkSj v{kerk% bl ekeys dks jiQkniQk djus ds fy;s
green belt and a slip road in the Zonal Master Plan of fuekZ.kdÙkkZ }kjk cM+h jkf'k (laifÙk) rFkk iks'k ,DV ds }kjk èkedh
the city. The permission to construct the mall was
nh tk jgh gSA pw¡fd esjh Nfo ,d bZekunkj vkSj dÙkZO;fu"B
accorded by the previous Municipal Commissioner who
is not only your senior and well known to you vfèkdkjh dh Hkh gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa ;k rks ekeys dks jiQkniQk
professionally, but also a good friend. dj fn;k tk;s ;k rks bZekunkj vkSj drZO;fu"B gksdj ekeys dks
Prima facie, the case appears to be of a widespread lqy>kus dk iz;kl fd;k tk ldrk gSA
nexus between officials of the Municipal Corporation
and the builders. Your colleagues are putting pressure
esjs ikl miyCèk fodYi
on you to go slow in the enquiry. The builder, who is z fuekZ.kdÙkkZ }kjk vkWiQj fd;s xbZ eksVh jde (laifÙk) dks Lohdkj
rich and influential, happens to be a close relative of a
djuk% ;g uSfrd :i ls xyr gS vkSj O;kogkfjd :i ls [krjukd
powerful minister in the state cabinet. The builder is
persuading you to hush up the matter, promising you a Hkh gS D;ksafd bl rjg ds xyr dk;Z cgqr tYn gh ;k ckn esa
fortune to do so. He also hinted that if this matter is not idM+s tk ldrs gSaA lkFk gh] bZekunkj vkSj dÙkZO;fu"B vfèkdkjh
resolved at the earliest in his favour there is somebody dh Nfo Hkh èkwfey gks ldrh gSA
in his office who is waiting to file a case against you under
the POSH Act. Discuss the ethical issues involved in the z iks'k ,DV ds vkèkkj ij èkedh dk lkeuk djuk% esjs fy;s ;g
case. What are the options available to you in this ,dek=k [krjk gks ldrk gSA pw¡fd esjs ikl igys ls gh ,d
situation? Explain your selected course of action. bZekunkj vkSj dÙkZO;fu"B vfèkdkjh gksus dh izfr"Bk izkIr gS]
mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k Jfedksa dh e`R;q rFkk vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj blfy;s dk;kZy; esa dksbZ Hkh bl rjg ds iQ”khZ ekeyksa ij fo'okl
fuekZ.kdÙkkZ ds chp O;kid lk¡Bxk¡B dks iznf'kZr djrk gSA bl ekeys ugha djsxkA vxj ekey ntZ fd;k tkrk gS] rc Hkh eSa bl rjg
dks lqy>kus ds fy;s lR;fu"Bk] ekuokfèkdkj rFkk dÙkZO;fu"Bk tSls ds vkjksiksa ds ckjs esa fpark ugha d:¡xk vkSj blds fy;s dksVZ vkWiQ
ewY;ksa dks vkèkkj cuk;k tk ldrk gSA blesa 'kkfey fgrèkkjd gSa& ykW esa yMw¡xkA
uxj fuxe vk;qDr (eSa) esjs }kjk p;fur fØ;kfof/k
z bl fLFkfr ds ckjs esa vius ls mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa dks lwfpr djuk
fuekZ.kdÙkkZ D;ksafd blesa dfFkr rkSj ij jktuhfrd usrk 'kkfey gSaA
Jfed fgr/kjd
(fcYMj) z fiNys uxj vk;qDr tks fd esjs vPNs nksLr gSa] mUgsa bl lansg ls
voxr djkdj muls bl ekeys ij ckr d:¡xkA ;fn mlus
Hkz"V vf/dkjhx.k tkucw>dj xyrh dh gS] rks nksLrh ds fj'rs ls mQij mBdj ml
uSfrd eqís ij mfpr dkjZokbZ dh tk,xhA
z bl ekeys dh tk¡p esa iwNrkN dh izfØ;k iwjh dh tk,xhA
z Hkz"Vkpkj dk eqík% bl ekeys dh tk¡p ds nkSjku ik;k x;k fd
z mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa dks esjs ijke'kZ ls fu.kZ; ysus nsaxsA
vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj fuekZ.kdÙkkZ ds chp O;kid lk¡Bxk¡B gSA lkFk gh
lkexzh dh fuEu xq.koÙkk rFkk ,d vfrfjDr fuEury ds fuekZ.k fu"d"kZr% dgk tk ldrk gS ,d bZekunkj vkSj dÙkZO;fu"B
dk eqík lkeus vk;k gSA vfèkdkjh gksus ds dkj.k Jfedksa dks lqj{kk dh Hkkouk iznku djuk
z izkfèkdj.k ij yksxksa ds fo'okl dk eqík% uxj fuxe ds baLisDVj rFkk bl Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekeys esa lafyIr vfèkdkfj;ksa ,oa jktusrk dks
ds }kjk fujh{k.k ds nkSjku dfe;ksa dks vuns[kk djuk rFkk gfjr l”kk fnykuk esjh uSfrd f”kEesnkjh gksxhA
iV~Vh ,oa vfHkxe ekxZ ds izkoèkku ds ckn Hkh ekWy ds fuekZ.k iz'u% ijey ,d NksVk ysfdu vfodflr f”kyk gSA ;gk¡ dh
dks vuqefr iznku djus ls çkfèkdj.k ij yksxksa esa fo'okl dh ”kehu iFkjhyh gS tks Ñf"k ;ksX; ugha gS] ;|fi FkksM+h
deh eglwl dh xbZ gSA thfodk Ñf"k ”kehu ds NksVs VqdM+ksa ij dh tkrh gSA {ks=k
z laLFkkxr uSfrdrk% bl ekeys esa 'kkfey vfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk vius esa i;kZIr o"kkZ gksrh gS vkSj ¯lpkbZ dh ,d ugj ogk¡ ls
dÙkZO; ls foeq[krk rFkk fuekZ.kdÙkkZ (fcYMj) ds izfr vfèkd cgrh gSA vefj;k ,d eè;e Js.kh dk 'kgj gS tks fd bl
>qdko laLFkkxr uSfrdrk ij iz'ufpÉ [kM+k djrk gSA f”kys dk iz'kklfud dsaæ gSA ;gk¡ ,d cM+k f”kyk vLirky]
z lkgl vkSj èkS;Z dk eqík% pw¡fd lgdehZ tk¡p dks ean xfr ls ,d vkS|ksfxd izf'k{k.k laLFkku vkSj dqN futh dkS'ky
djus dk ncko Mky jgs gSa vkSj fuekZ.kdÙkkZ Hkh eaf=keaMy ds ,d izf'k{k.k dsaæ gSaA ,d f”kyk eq[;ky; dh lHkh lqfoèkk,¡
'kfD'kkyh ea=kh dk fj'rsnkj gSA vr% bl fLFkfr esa lkgl vkSj èkS;Z ;gk¡ miyCèk gSaA vefj;k ls yxHkx 50 fdeh- nwj ,d eq[;
ls gh leUo; LFkkfir fd;k tk ldrk gSA jsyos ykbu xq”kjrh gSA bldh de”kksj la;kstdrk ;gk¡ ij

590
 fdlh Hkh izdkj ds cM+s m|ksx ds vHkko dk eq[; dkj.k Parmal is a small but underdeveloped district. It has
gSA u, m|ksx dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s jkT; ljdkj us 10 rocky terrain that is not suitable for agriculture, though
some subsistence agriculture is being done on small plots
o"kks± ds fy;s djkodk'k ns j[kk gSA of land. The area receives adequate rainfall and has an
o"kZ 2010 esa] vfuy] ,d m|ksxifr us fofHkUu ykHkksa dks irrigation canal flowing through it. Amria, its
ysus ds fy;s uwjk xk¡o esa] tks fd vefj;k ls 20 fdeh- nwj administrative centre, is a medium sized town. It houses
gS] vefj;k IykfLVd oDlZ (,-ih-MCY;w-) LFkkfir djus a large district hospital, an Industrial Training Institute
and some privately owned skill training centres. It has
dk fu.kZ; fy;kA ftl le; bl iSQDVjh dk fuekZ.k gks jgk
all the facilities of a district headquarters. A trunk
Fkk rc vfuy us vko';d eq[; Jfedksa dks jks”kxkj nsdj railway line passes approximately 50 kilometres from
mUgsa vefj;k ds dkS'ky izf'k{k.k dsaæksa esa izf'kf{kr djok;kA Amria. Its poor connectivity is a major reason for the
mlds bl ÑR; ls eq[; Jfed ,-ih-MCY;w- ds izfr cgqr absense of any major industry therein. The state
oiQknkj gks x,A government offers a 10 years tax holiday as an incentive
to new industry.
uwjk xk¡o ls gh lHkh Jfedksa dks ysdj ,-ih-MCY;w- us 2011
In 2010 Anil, an industrialist, decided to take benefits
esa mRiknu izkjEHk fd;kA vius ?kjksa ds ikl gh jks”kxkj izkIr
to set up Amria Plastic Works (APW) in Noora village,
djds xk¡o okys cgqr [kq'k Fks vkSj eq[; Jfedksa us mUgsa about 20 km from Amria. While the factory was being
mRiknu ds y{;ksa dks mPp xq.koÙkk ds lkFk iwjk djus ds built, Anil hired the required key labour and got them
fy;s izsfjr fd;kA ,-ih-MCY;w- us cgqr ykHk dekuk izkjEHk trained at the skill training centres at Amria. This act
fd;k ftldk ,d cM+k Hkkx uwjk xk¡o esa thou Lrj dks of his made the key personnel very loyal to APW.
lqèkkjus ds fy;s mi;ksx esa fy;k x;kA 2016 rd uwjk xk¡o APW started production in 2011 with the labour drawn
fully from Noora village. The villagers were very happy
,d gjk&Hkjk xk¡o gksus dk rFkk xk¡o ds eafnj ds iqu£uekZ.k
to get employment near their homes and were motivated
ij xoZ dj ldrk FkkA LFkkuh; foèkk;d ls laidZ lkèk dj by the key personnel to meet the production targets with
vfuy us vefj;k tkus ds fy;s xk¡o ls cl lsokvksa dh high quality. APW started making large profits, a
fujarjrk Hkh c<+k nhA ljdkj us uwjk xk¡o esa ,-ih-MCY;w- }kjk sizeable portion of which was used to improve the
fufeZr Hkouksa esa ,d izkFkfed LokLF; dsaæ vkSj izkFkfed quality of life in Noora. By 2016, Noora could boast of
fo|ky; Hkh [kksy fn;kA vius lh-,l-vkj- dks"k dk mi;ksx a greener village and a renovated village temple. Anil
liaised with the local MLA to increase the frequency of
djrs gq, ,-ih-MCY;w- us efgyk Lo;a lgk;rk lewg LFkkfir the bus services to Amria. The government also opened
fd;s] xk¡o ds cPpksa dks izkFkfed f'k{kk ds fy;s minku a primary health care centre and primary school at
iznku fd;k vkSj vius deZpkfj;ksa vkSj xjhcksa ds mi;ksx Noora in buildings constructed by APW. APW used its
ds fy;s ,d jksxh okgu izkIr fd;kA CSR funds to set up women's self-help groups, subsidize
2019 esa ,-ih-MCY;w- esa ,d NksVh&lh vkx yxhA pw¡fd primary education to the village children and procure
an ambulance for use by its employees and the needy.
iSQDVjh esa vfXu 'keu lqj{kk dh mi;qDr O;oLFkk Fkh blfy;s In 2019, there was a minor fire in APW. It was quickly
vkx dks 'kh?kz cq>k fn;k x;kA tk¡p esa irk pyk fd extinguished as fire safety protocols were in place in the
iSQDVjh viuh vfèkÑr {kerk ls vfèkd fctyh dk mi;ksx factory. Investigations revealed that the factory had
dj jgh FkhA bls 'kh?kz gh lqy>k fy;k x;kA vxys o"kZ] been using electricity in excess of its authorized capacity.
ns'kO;kih ykWdMkmu ds dkj.k mRiknu dh vko';drk esa This was soon rectified. The next year, due to a
nationwide lockdown, the requirement of production
pkj eghuksa ds fy;s fxjkoV vk xbZA vfuy us fu.kZ; fy;k
fell for four months. Anil decided that all employees
fd lHkh deZpkfj;ksa dks fu;fer :i ls Hkqxrku fd;k would be paid regularly. He employed them to plant
tk,xkA mlus deZpkfj;ksa dks o`{kkjksi.k vkSj xk¡o ds trees and improve the village habitat.
izkÑfrd okl dks lqèkkjus ds fy;s dke esa fy;kA ,-ih- APW had developed a reputation of high quality
MCY;w- us mPpLrjh; mRiknu vkSj vfHkizsfjr Jfed cy production and a motivated workforce.
dh [;kfr v£tr dhA Critically analyse the story of APW and state the ethical
,-ih-MCY;w- dh dgkuh dk vkykspukRed ijh{k.k dhft;s issues involved. Do you consider APW as a role model
vkSj var£ufgr uhfrijd eqíksa dk mYys[k dhft;sA D;k vki for development of backward areas? Give reasons.
,-ih-MCY;w- dks fiNM+s gq, {ks=kksa ds fodkl ds fy;s vkn'kZ mÙkj% fn;s x, izdj.k esa ,d vfodflr f”kys ds ,d NksVs&ls
ekWMy ds :i esa ns[krs gSa\ dkj.k nhft;sA xk¡o ^uwjk* ds lkekftd&vk£Fkd fodkl dh dgkuh esa ,d izkbosV
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) iQeZ ds egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA mDr iQeZ us yksxksa ds
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thou Lrj dks mBkus ds lkFk gh i;kZoj.k dh lqj{kk ds fy;s Hkh viuh leL;k,¡ [kM+h dj nhaA blds vykok vius ifjokjksa
mYys[kuh; dk;Z fd;k gSA dh Hkq[kejh vkSj vlqfoèkk dk Mj Hkh mUgsa lrk jgk FkkA
bl dgkuh esa ,-ih-MCY;w- us yksxkas dks jks”kxkj miyCèk djkus ds buds pyrs izoklh Jfedksa us vius xk¡oksa dks ykSVus ds
lkFk gh izkFkfed LokLF; dsanz vkSj izkFkfed fo|ky; [kksyus esa ljdkj fy;s e”knwjh vkSj vkokxeu dh lqfoèkk,¡ ekaxhaA mudh
dk lg;ksx fd;k] jksxh okgu dh O;oLFkk dh vkSj efgyk Lo;a lgk;rk ekufld O;Fkk cgq dkj.kks a ls vkS j Hkh c<+ xbZ ]
lewg Hkh LFkkfir fd;sA ykWdMkmu tSlh fodV ifjfLFkfr esa Hkh vius tSls& vkthfodk dk vkdfLed uqdlku] Hkkstu ds vHkko
deZpkfj;ksa dk è;ku j[kk vkSj mUgsa izÑfr ds laj{k.k ds dk;ks± esa O;Lr dh laHkkouk vkSj le; ij ?kj ugha igq¡p ikus ls jch dh
dj fn;kA vkn'kZ :i esa ,d izkbosV iQeZ gksus ds ukrs ,-ih-MCY;w- us iQly dh dVkbZ esa enn ugha djus dh vleFkZrkA mudh
ljkguh; dk;Z fd;k gS rFkk blls vfèkd dh mEehn djuk mfpr vk'kadk,¡ ,slh [kcjksa ls vkSj Hkh c<+ xb± ftuesa jkLrs esa
izrhr ugha gksrk gSA brus ds ckotwn ;g dguk vuqfpr ugha gksxk fd dqN f”kyksa esa jgus vkSj [kkus ds vi;kZIr izcaèk ds ckjs esa
iSQDVjh us vius dk;ks± dks uwjk xk¡o rd lhfer djds ijey tks ,d crk;k x;k FkkA
vfodflr f”kyk gS] ds vU; yksxksa dks laHkkfor ykHk ls nwj j[kkA tc vkidks vius f”kys ds f”kyk vkink ekspu cy dh
,-ih-MCY;w- fcf”kul oYMZ ls laidZ dj f”kys ds vU; {ks=kksa esa Hkh dk;Zokgh dk lapkyu djus dh f”kEesnkjh nh xbZ Fkh rks
fofHkUu m|ksxksa dks LFkkfir djus gsrq izksRlkfgr dj ldrk FkkA vefj;k bl ifjfLFkfr ls vkius vusd lcd gkfly fd;sA vkids
dks eq[; jsyos ykbu ls tksM+us gsrq O;fDrxr Lrj ij iz;kl dj ldrk erkuqlkj lkef;d izoklh ladV esa D;k uhfrijd eqís mHkj
FkkA dj vk,\ ,d uhfrijd lsok iznkrk jkT; ls vki D;k
uSfrd eqís le>rs gSa\ leku ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa izokfl;ksa dh ihM+kvksa dks
z dkWjiksjsV lkekftd mÙkjnkf;Ro dk ikyuA de djus esa lH; lekt D;k lgk;rk iznku dj ldrk
gS\ (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z i;kZoj.k lacaèkh fparkvksa dk è;ku j[kdj lrr fodkl dks c<+kok
Migrant workers have always remained at the socio-
nsukA economic margins of our society, silently serving as the
z dkS'ky izf'k{k.k ds ekè;e ls ekuo lalkèku dk fodklA instrumental labour force of urban economics. The
pandemic has brought them into national focus.
z eafnj cuokdj LFkkuh; yksxksa ds izfr lkaLÑfrd laosnuk dk ifjp;
On announcement of a countrywide lockdown, a very
nsukA large number of migrant workers decided to move back
z ykWdMkmu dh nq:g ifjfLFkfr esa HkkoukRed cqf¼eÙkk dk ifjp; from their places of employment to their native villages.
nsukA The non-availability of transport created its own
problems. Added to this was the fear of starvation and
z vfèkÑr {kerk ls vfèkd fctyh dk mi;ksx dj nq?kZVuk dks inconvenience to their families. This caused, the migrant
vkeaf=kr dj yksxksa ds thou dks tksf[ke esa MkyukA workers to demand wages and transport facilities for
returning to their villages. Their mental agony was
bl dgkuh esa ,-ih-MCY;w- us mPp O;kolkf;d ewY;ksa ds lkFk
accentuated by multiple factors such as a sudden loss
gh uSfrd fl¼karksa ds lHkh ekudksa dk vuqikyu djrs gq, vius of livelihood, possibility of lack of food and inability to
lkekftd nkf;Roksa dks iwjk fd;k gSA ,-ih-MCY;w- us ,d fiNM+s gq, assist in harvesting their rabi crop due to not being able
{ks=k ds fodkl ds fy;s ykHk ds ,d cM+s Hkkx dks mu lHkh vko';d to reach home in time. Reports of inadequate response
of some districts in providing the essential boarding and
dk;ks± dks djus ij [kpZ fd;k ftUgsa vius lkekftd nkf;Roksa dks iwjk
lodging arrangements along the way multiplied their
djus ds fy;s fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA vr% ,-ih-MCY;w- ds ç;klksa dks fears.
FkksM+s lqèkkj ({ks=kh; foLrkj) ds lkFk fiNM+s gq, {ks=kksa ds fodkl ds You have learnt many lessons from this situation when
fy;s vkn'kZ ekWMy ds :i esa ns[kk tkuk pkfg;sA you were tasked to oversee the functioning of the District
Disaster Relief Force in your district. In your opinion
iz'u% uxjh; vFkZra=k ds lgk;d Jfed cy ds :i esa ewd jg what ethical issues arose in the current migrant crisis?
dj lsok iznku djrs gq,] izoklh Jfed lnSo gekjs lekt What do you understand by an ethical care giving state?
ds lkekftd&vkfFkZd gkf'k;s ij jgs gSaA egkekjh us mUgsa What assistance can the civil society render to mitigate
jk"Vªh; dsaæfcanq ij yk fn;k gSA the sufferings of migrants in similar situations?
ns'kO;kih ykWdMkmu dh ?kks"k.kk ls] izoklh Jfedksa dh ,d mÙkj% ,d ^çoklh Jfed* og O;fDr gksrk gS tks vius {ks=k ls
cM+h la[;k us vius jks”kxkj ds LFkkuksa ls vius ewy xk¡oksa brj vlaxfBr {ks=k esa vius ns'k ds Hkhrj ;k blds ckgj dke djus
dks ykSVus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA vkokxeu dh vuqiyCèkrk us ds fy;s iyk;u djrk gSA çoklh Jfed vkerkSj ij ml ns'k ;k {ks=k

592
esa LFkk;h :i ls jgus dk mís'; ugha j•rs gSa ftlesa os dke djrs z flfoy lkslkbVh laxBuksa dh lgk;rk ls çoklh Jfedksa ds cPpksa
gSaA orZeku egkekjh ds nkSj essa ns'k esa Lora=krk ds i'pkr vc rd dk dh f'k{kk dk Hkh vLFkk;h çcaèk fd;k tk ldrk gSA
lcls cM+k çoklh iyk;u ladV lkeus vk;k gSA mi;qZDr dsl LVMh lekt ds vfrfjDr ,d uhfrijd lsok çnkrk jkT; gksus ds pyrs
blh fjolZ ekbxzs'ku dh leL;k ls lacafèkr gSA bl fn'kk esa ljdkj }kjk Hkh fuEufyf[kr ç;klksa dks fd;s tkus dh
çdj.k ls lacaf/kr fgr/kkjd lewg vko';drk gS&
z vkink çcaèku vfèkfu;e] 2005 vkSj egkekjh jksx vfèkfu;e]
z çoklh Jfed
1897 ds rgr egkekjh jksdFkke ds fy;s ,d jk"Vªh; ;kstuk vkSj
z f”kys ds f”kyk vkink ekspu cy dh dk;Zokgh ds lapkyd ds
fn'kkfunZs'k rS;kj fd;s tkus dh vko';drk gSA
:i esa ^eSa*
z jk"Vªh; vkink çcaèku çkfèkdj.k (NDMA) ds rgr ,d fof'k"V
z ,d yksddY;k.kdkjh jkT; ds :i esa dsaæ ,oa jkT; ljdkj
foax dk xBu fd;k tkuk pkfg;s] ftlds ikl egkekjh ls fuiVus
z lekt ,d uhfrijd lsok çnkrk jkT; ls vk'k; ,sls jkT; ls gS esa fo'ks"kKrk gks vkSj tks lkoZtfud {ks=k] dkWjiksjsV~l] xSj&ljdkjh
tks vius ukxfjdksa ds fy;s O;kid lekt lsokvksa dh O;oLFkk laxBuksa rFkk vU; fgrèkkjdksa ds lkFk ljdkj dh lk>snkjh esa
djrk gSA ,sls jkT; dk eq[; è;s; vius ukxfjdksa dks U;wure vxz.kh Hkwfedk vnk djsA
thou Lrj çnku djuk ,oa ;FkklaHko lekurk LFkkfir djuk gksrk
z Hkfo"; esa bl rjg ds ladV ds çfr Rofjr çfrfØ;k ds fy;s
gSA çks- ykLdh ds vuqlkj% ¶,d uhfrijd lsok çnkrk jkT; yksxksa
dsaæ] jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa ds chp leUo; gsrq ,d çHkkoh
dk ,slk laxBu gS] ftlesa lHkh dk vfèkdkfèkd fgr lkewfgd
laLFkkxr ra=k dh vko';drk gSA
fgr esa fufgr gksrk gSA¸
z uhfr fuekZrkvksa dks tYn&ls&tYn çoklh Jfedksa ls lacafèkr ,d
lkef;d çoklh ladV ls lacaf/kr uSfrd eqís jk"Vªh; MsVkcsl ykWUp djuk pkfg;s] rkfd egkekjh vkSj ykWdMkmu
z LokLF; ,oa thou;kiu dh fuEu fLFkfr ls çHkkfor yksxksa dks vfr'kh?kz jkgr çnku dh tk ldsA bl MsVkcsl
z euks&lkekftd fodkj ds rgr çoklh e”knwjksa ds lzksr vkSj xarO;] muds jks”kxkj rFkk
z vkthfodk dk ladV dkS'ky dh çÑfr vkfn ls lacafèkr fooj.k 'kkfey fd;s tk
z nLrkos”khdj.k vkSj igpku lacaèkh leL;k
ldrs gSaA
z ns'kO;kih ykWdMkmu dh ?kks"k.kk ls dqN fnu iwoZ ,d uksfVl tkjh
z efgyk çokfl;ksa ls lacafèkr eqís
djuk pkfg;s ftlls Jfed igys gh viuh O;oLFkk dj ldsaA
z lkekftd LokLF; ds ladV (laØe.k iQSyus dh fLFkfr esa)
z vYidkfyd mik; gsrq çokl djus okys Jfedksa dks muds gh
z Hkfo"; esa vkS|ksfxd dsaæksa esa Jfedksa dh deh dk ladV
{ks=k esa jks”kxkj miyCèk djkus dh O;oLFkk djuk rFkk çolu gsrq
esjs vuqlkj ,d lH; lekt çokfl;ksa ds bl ladV ds lekèkku fu%'kqYd ;krk;kr ds lkèkuksa dh O;oLFkk djuk ljdkj dh vge
eas fuEufyf[kr çdkj ls lgk;rk çnku dj ldrk gSµ f”kEesnkjh gSA
z flfoy lkslkbVh laxBuksa dh lgk;rk ls txg&txg ij Jfedksa
iz'u% vki fdlh f”kys ds f”kykfèkdkjh gSaA vkids f”kys ,oa jkT;
ds Bgjus gsrq vLFkk;h fuokl LFkkuksa dk çcaèk ,oa LFkkuh; {ks=kksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk dks mUur cukus esa çoklh dkexkjksa dk vge
esa jks”kxkj miyCèk djk, tk ldrs gSaA ;ksxnku jgk gSA vkids f”kys dh ,d 14 ekg dh cPph
z efgykvksa ,oa cPpksa ds LokLF; ij fo'ks"k è;ku nsrs gq, LokLF; ds lkFk ,d çoklh O;fDr us nq"deZ djus dh dksf'k'k dh]
f'kfojksa dk vk;kstu fd;k tk ldrk gSA ftlls u dsoy f”kys esa vfirq iwjs jkT; esa dkexkjksa ds
z LFkkuh; fudk;ksa dks fuf'pr :i ls okil ykSVs vkSj çoklh Jfedksa çfr ?k`.kk dk ekgkSy O;kIr gSA dqN LokFkhZ rÙo bl ifjfLFkfr
dh •kst djuh pkfg;s vkSj tkWc dkMZ çkIr djus dh vko';drk dk iQk;nk mBkus ds fy;s ç;kljr gSaA dkexkjksa dks
okys yksxksa dh enn djuh pkfg;sA Mjk&èkedkdj ekgkS y dks vkS j [kjkc djus dh
z çoklh Jfedksa ls fdlh Hkh çdkj ds ifjogu dk 'kqYd ugha dksf'k'k dh xbZA
ysuk pkfg;sA ,sls esa Lo;a dh ,oa ifjokj dh lqj{kk dks è;ku esa j[kdj
z jkT; ljdkjksa }kjk çoklh Jfedksa dks muds xk¡o Hkstus ds fy;s cM+h la[;k esa çoklh dkexkj vius x`g jkT; dh vksj
vkfFkZd lgk;rk nh tk ldrh gSA tSlk fd gky gh esa jkT; iyk;u djus yxs gSaA blls u dsoy jkT; dh Nfo [kjkc
ljdkjksa (tSls&fcgkj] jktLFkku vkSj eè; çns'k) us çoklh Jfedksa gks jgh gS cfYd f”kys dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr Hkh {kh.k gksus
dks Hkstus ds fy;s ,deq'r udn gLrkarj.k dh ?kks"k.kk dhA dh laHkkouk gSA
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 ,sls
esa ,d yksdlsod gksus ds ukrs vkids D;k nkf;Ro gSa ,oa vr% Li"V gS fd mDr iz;klksa ls vcksèk ckfydk ds izfr U;k;
,slh ifjfLFkfr ls lkeuk gksus ij vki D;k djsxa \s fd;k tk ldsxk ,oa izokfl;ksa dh okilh dks jksddj jkT; dh Nfo
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) ds lkFk&lkFk jkT; dh vkfFkZd xfrfofèk;ksa dks {kh.k gksus ls Hkh jksdk
You are the district collector of a district. Migrant tk ldsxkA lkFk gh] Hkfo"; esa cPpksa ls nq"deZ] gR;k tSlh ?kVuk
workers have been a major contributor to the economic nqgjkbZ u tk lds bl gsrq fofHkUu dkuwuksa dk izHkkoh fØ;kUo;u Hkh
development of your district and the state. A migrant
lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,xkA
tried to molest a 14-month-old girl in your district, due
to which an atmosphere of hatred towards the workers iz'u% if'peh ns'kksa esa efgykvksa ds lkFk nqO;Zogkj] ;kSu 'kks"k.k
is prevalent not only in the district but in the whole state. djus okys yksxksa ds f[kykiQ vkok”k mBkus dh le;lhek
Some selfish elements are trying to take advantage of [kRe djds vxzxkeh ç;kl fd;s tk jgs gSaA ;gk¡ py jgs
the situation. Attempts were made to worsen the
atmosphere by intimidating the workers. In such a
vkanksyu dk çHkko Hkkjr esa Hkh æ"VO; gksus yxk gSA vki
situation, a large number of migrant workers have ,d dÙkZO;fu"B iqfyl vèkh{kd gSaA mDr vkanksyu ls çsfjr
started returning to their home state considering their gksdj vkids le{k ,d efgyk f'kdk;r ysdj vkrh gS
own and families’’ safety. Because of it, not only the fd ,d ofj"B vfèkdkjh us mlds lkFk rc nq"deZ fd;k
state's image is taking a hit, but the economic condition
of the district is also likely to be impaired.
Fkk tc og 17 o"kZ dh Fkh ,oa pqi u jgus ij tku ls
Being a public servant, what are your responsibilities ekjus dh èkedh Hkh nh FkhA vc og U;k; pkgrh gS ,oa
and what will you do if you face this situation? Rofjr dk;Zokgh dh ekax dj jgh gSA ,sls esa] ml vfèkdkjh
mÙkj% mi;qZDr dsl LVMh fofoèkrk ls ifjiw.kZ ns'k esa ,d lkFk us efgyk dh f'kdk;r ntZ ugha djus dk vkns'k fn;k gS
jg jgs yksxksa esa vfo'okl ,oa ?k`.kk dks mHkkjus ds iz;kl ds lkFk gh ,oa vkKk dk ikyu u djus ij vkidks Hkz"Vkpkj ds vkjksiksa
vR;ar laosnu'khy ?kVuk_ vcksèk ckfydk ds lkFk nq"deZ ,oa gR;k ls esa iQ¡lkus dh èkedh Hkh nh gSA
lacafèkr gSA (a) mDr ifjfLFkfr esa vkids le{k miyCèk fodYiksa dk
,sls esa ,d yksdlsod gksus ds ukrs esjs fofHkUu uSfrd ,oa mYys[k dhft;sA
iz'kkldh; nkf;Ro gSa ftudk fuoZgu eSa bZekunkjh] lR;fu"Bk] lekuqHkwfr] (b) fodYiksa ds xq.k&nks"kksa dh ppkZ djrs gq, lokZsÙke
ns'kizse ,oa laosnu'khyrk ds lkFk djus dk iz;kl d:¡xkA esjs izeq[k fodYi crk,¡A  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
nkf;Ro gSa& In the Western countries, progressive efforts are being
z ckfydk ds lkFk vR;kpkj dk iz;kl djus okys nks"kh dks dkuwuh made towards eliminating the deadline for exposing
misbehaviour with women and sexual exploitation by
izfØ;k ls naM fnyokukA
offenders. The effect of this movement is also visible in
z lacafèkr jkT; ds vkfFkZd ,oa lkekftd fgrksa dh j{kk djukA India. You are a conscientious Superintendent of police.
z fofoèkrk esa ,drk dh laLÑfr dks vkxs c<++kus dk iz;kl djukA Inspired by the movement, a woman comes to you to
complain that a senior officer had molested her when
z ?k`.kk ds ekgkSy dk foLrkj djus okys yksxksa ij l[r dk;Zokgh
she was 17 and had threatened to kill her if she did not
djukA maintain silence. Now she wants justice and demands
mDr ifjfLFkfr ls lkeuk gkssus ij esjs }kjk mBk, tkus okys dne swift action. In such a situation, the senior officer has
fuEufyf[kr gSa& ordered not to register the woman's complaint and
threatened to ensnare you in corruption charges if you
z loZizFke nks"kh O;fDr dh igpku ,oa fxjÝrkjh ds fy;s Rofjr
disobey him.
iz;kl d:axkA (a) Mention the options available to you in this
z vlkekftd rÙo tks ?k`.kk iSQykus dk dk;Z dj jgs gSa] mu ij situation.
;qfDr&;qDr dk;Zokgh d:axkA (b) Describe the best option while discussing the merits
z LFkkuh; yksxksa dks] nksf"k;ksa dks ;Fkk'kh?kz nafMr djus dk vk'oklu and demerits of options.
fnykdj 'kkar djus dk iz;kl djukA mÙkj: mi;qDZ r dsl LVMh efgykvksa ds f[kykiQ gq, vijkèkksa dks
z izokfl;ksa ij gks jgs geys jksdus gsrq iqfyl cy dks vyVZ djuk lcds lkeus ykus gsrq Lo;a muds }kjk pyk, x, ,d vfHk;ku ds lkFk
ftlls fd muesa fo'okl cgky djds muds x`g jkT; dh vksj gh ,d flfoy lsod dh uSfrdrk] lekuqHkwfr] efgykvksa ds dY;k.k ds
iyk;u dks jksdk tk ldsA izfr mldh vfHko`fÙk tSls xq.kksa dk ijh{k.k djus ls lacfa èkr gSA

594
 mÙkj % (a) mDr ifjfLFkfr esa esjs le{k miyCèk fodYi fuEu gS&a gks tk, ijarq tc dqN dk;Z 'ks"k jg x;k Fkk rc vkius
z vius ofj"B vfèkdkjh dh ckr ekudj eSa bl ekeys ds izfr iqy dk fujh{k.k fd;k vkSj ik;k fd iqy dh xq.koÙkk lgh
mnklhu jg¡wA ugha gSA blls Hkfo"; esa nq?kZVuk gksus dh laHkkouk gS ,oa
z viuk LFkkukarj.k fdlh vU;=k LFkku ij djk yw¡A dbZ yksxksa dh tku Hkh tk ldrh gSA vr% vkius mDr iqy
z ml efgyk ds i{k es vius ofj"B vfèkdkjh ds f[kykiQ Rofjr
dk mn~?kkVu djus ds fy;s LohÑfr ugha nhA vkids mPp
dk;Zokgh d:¡A vfèkdkjh ,oa lacafèkr ea=kh iqy ij vkoktkgh 'kq: djus
dh LohÑfr nsus ds fy;s vki ij ncko Mkyrs gSaA vkids
z ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa dks bl ekeys ds lanHkZ esa voxr djkdj
euk djus ij vkidks fuyafcr djus ,oa vkids ifjokj
efgyk dh f'kdk;r ntZ djukA
dks gkfu igq¡pkus dh èkedh Hkh nh gSA
mÙkj % (b) izFke fodYi dks pquus ls u dsoy ;FkkfLFkfr cuh
(a) ,slh fLFkfr esa vki fdl çdkj dh uSfrd nqfoèkkvksa
jgsxh cfYd laHko gS vius ofj"B vfèkdkjh dh vkKk dk ikyu djus
ij fo'ks"k Ñik Hkh fey tk,A fdarq blls ,d flfoy lsod dh dk lkeuk djsaxs\
uSfrdrk ij iz'ufpÉ yxsxk] tSls& ,slk djus ij yksd lsodksa eas (b) vkids le{k mifLFkr fodYiksa dk mYys[k djsa ,oa
dÙkZO;fu"Bk] lR;fu"Bk tSls ln~xq.kksa dk ßkl gksxk vkSj lkFk gh efgyk çR;sd ds xq.k&nks"kksa dh ppkZ djrs gq, ;g crk,¡ fd
dh lqj{kk ij udkjkRed izHkko iMs+xkA vki dkSu&lk fodYi pqusaxs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
You are an engineer and in your supervision the work
f}rh; fodYi dk iQk;nk ;g gksxk fd }a}ksa ls NqVdkjk feysxk
of a flyover construction is underway. Meanwhile, you
,oa 'kkafriwoZd thou O;rhr gksxk fdarq bldk lcls cM+k nks"k ;g gS have been instructed by the senior official to complete
fd blls esjh iyk;uoknh izo`fÙk dk irk pyrk gSA lkFk gh] ;g esjs the work on time. You have made effort to the fullest to
vanj usr`Ro {kerk dh deh dks Hkh izfrfcafcr djrk gSA finish the work on time but when there was some work
left, you inspected the bridge and found that the quality
r`rh; fodYi dks pquus ls u dsoy efgyk dks U;k; fey ldsxk
of the bridge is not as per standards. This is likely to
cfYd ,d vfèkdkjh ds :i eas esjs dÙkZO; ikyu] lR;fu"Bk] izfrc¼rk] cause an accident in the future and many people may
fu"i{krk] tulsok ds izfr leiZ.k dks Hkh lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsxkA be killed. So you did not approve the inauguration of
Hkkjrh; lafoèkku esa lcdks leku ekuk x;k gS] vr% vijkèk fl¼ gksus the bridge. Your senior official and the concerned
ij ,d vfèkdkjh dks Hkh lkekU; yksxksa dh rjg gh naM fey ldsxkA minister put pressure on you to give approval to start
the movement on the bridge. Upon your refusal, you
ogha bl fodYi dks pquus ls eq>s O;fDrxr gkfu mBkuh iM+ ldrh
have also been threatened with suspension and harm to
gS vkSj lkFk gh] esjs f[kykiQ vfu;ferrk ,oa Hkz"Vkpkj ds >wBs vkjksi family.
yxkdj esjh Nfo dks [k+jkc fd;k tk ldrk gSA (a) What kind of moral dilemmas you face in such a
prqFkZ fodYi mfpr izrhr gksrk gS D;ksafd blls u dsoy efgyk situation?
dks U;k; fey ldsxk cfYd mlds lEeku dh j{kk dh tk ldsxh (b) Mention the options present before you and
vkSj blls esjh O;fDrxr gkfu mBkus dh laHkkouk Hkh de gks tkrh discussing pros and cons of each, spell out which
option would you choose?
gSA rFkkfi ;g gks ldrk gS fd ofj"B vfèkdkjh vkil esa feys gq,
gksa fdarq ,slk vko';d ugha gSA lkFk gh bl ekeys esa vko';drk mÙkj% mi;qZDr dsl LVMh dÙkZO; ikyu] bZekunkjh] tufgr ,oa
iM+us ij U;k;ky; ,oa ehfM;k dk Hkh lg;ksx fy;k tk ldrk gS O;fDrxr fgr esa O;kIr }a}ksa dks izfrfcafcr djrh gSA bl izdj.k esa
ftlls bl fodYi dh laHkkfor dfe;ksa dh nwj fd;k tk ldsA tokcnsgh dks Hkh lqfuf'pr djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS D;ksafd blds
vr% Li"V gS fd prqFkZ fodYi loksZÙke gSA blds ekè;e ls de”kksj gksus ij gh Hkz"Vkpkjh vius y{; esa liQy gksrk gSA tokcnsgh
lHkh igyqvksa dks lkèkk tk ldrk gSA blds vykok] bl fodYi dks ds dkj.k gh eSa bathfu;j ds :i esa iqy ds ekudksa dks iwjk u dj
viukus ls foHkkx dks Hkh ykHk gksxk D;ksafd ihfM+r ds i{k esa foHkkx ikus dh fLFkfr eas iqy ds mn~?kkVu ,oa iqy ij vkoktkgh dk vkns'k
}kjk vius gh fdlh vfèkdkjh ds fo#¼ dk;Zokgh dh tk,xh] ftlls ugha ns ldrkA
foHkkx dh efgykvksa ds ;kSu 'kks"k.k ds izfr ^”khjks VkWyjsal* dh uhfr mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr fLFkfr eas esjs le{k mRiUu uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡
dk irk lHkh yksxksa dks py ldsxkA fuEufyf[kr gSa&
iz'u% vki ,d bathfu;j gSa rFkk vkids funZs'ku esa Ýykbvksoj z O;kid tufgr cuke O;fDrxr fgrA

cukus dk dke py jgk gSA bl nkSjku vkidks mPp vfèkdkjh z inh; nkf;Ro] bZekunkjh ,oa dÙkZO; cuke mPpkfèkdkfj;ksa ds vkns'kksa
}kjk fn'kk&funZs'k fn;s tkrs gSa fd le; ij dk;Z dks iwjk dk ikyuA
djuk gSA vkius iwjk ç;kl fd;k fd dk;Z le; ij [kRe z dk;Z dh xq.koÙkk cuke le;c¼rkA

595
mi;qZDr fLFkfr esa esjs le{k mifLFkr fodYi fuEufyf[kr gSa& gksus yxh gSAa ,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj] bl o"kZ xaHkhj leL;k
z mPp vfèkdkjh dh vkKk dk ikyu djrs gq, mudh ckr eku ysukA mRiUu gksus dh laHkkouk ”;knk gSA fdlku i;kZIr tkx:drk
z mPp vfèkdkjh dh ckr u ekudj bl fo"k; dks ehfM;k ds ,oa vko';d vkèkkjHkwr lalkèkuksa ds vHkko esa ijkyh tykus
ekè;e ls mBk,¡ rkfd mPp vfèkdkjh rFkk ea=kh ij mfpr dk;Zokgh dks foo'k gS]a tcfd blls i;kZoj.k dk ßkl gks jgk gSA
dk ncko c<+sA vkidks bl lanHkZ esa ljdkj }kjk xfBr cksMZ ds vè;{k in
z LFkkukarj.k djokdj bl fLFkfr ls NqVdkjk ik ysukA
dh f”kEesnkjh nh xbZ gSA
z oLrqfLFkfr dh xaHkhjrk dks crkrs gq, foLr`r fjiksVZ lkSai dj mPp
blesa fufgr uSfrd eqíksa dh igpku dhft;s rFkk mijksDr
vfèkdkjh ls fyf[kr vkns'k ekaxuk bR;kfnA ifjfLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s vki D;k lq>ko nsaxs\
mÙkj % (b) izFke fodYi pquus ls vkoktkgh le;kuqlkj 'kq: dh  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
Every year in the North-Western states, the contaminated

tk ldsxh ,oa vkKk ikyu tSls ewY; dks lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsxkA
smoke emanating from the burning of agricultural
blds vykok O;fDrxr fgr dks Hkh lkèkk tk ldrk gSA ogha bl residues causes smog problems in nearby cities during
fodYi dk nks"k ;g gS fd blls O;kid tufgr dh vuns[kh gksxh] the winter season. This augments health-related
lkFk gh dk;Z dh xq.koÙkk dh mis{kk gksxhA blds vfrfjDr esjs uSfrd concerns and when exposed to polluted air, asthma
xq.kksa ;Fkk& dÙkZO; ikyu] bZekunkjh] laosnu'khyrk dk Hkh ßkl gksxkA patients face breathing problems. In this regard, the
Central Government has asked the states not to burn
f}rh; fodYi dqN gn rd Bhd izrhr gksrk gS] bl lanHkZ esa the crop residue. But efforts were not made in this
rkfdZd :i ls iz'kklfud izfØ;k dk ikyu djuk vko';d gS fdarq direction due to the indifferent attitude of the states.
ehfM;k ds ekè;e ls ,slk djus ls xksiuh;rk dk mYya?ku gksxkA laHko News of the burning of crop residues has started to
gS fd lsok fu;ekoyh dk mYya?ku Hkh gks tk,A appear in the newspapers. According to an estimate, the
probability of worsening of its impact is high this year.
r`rh; fodYi lokZfèkd vklku gS D;ksfa d blls u dsoy ikfjokfjd
Farmers are compelled to burn the residues thanks to
lqj{kk lqfuf'pr gks ldsxh cfYd Hkfo"; esa tokcnsgh esjs Åij ugha lack of adequate awareness and necessary infrastructure,
vk,xhA fdarq ;g esjh iyk;uoknh izo`fÙk dk ifjpk;d gksxk] lkFk gh while the environment is degrading due to it. You have
;g fodYi fofHkUu leL;kvksa dk lkeuk djus eas esjh v{kerk dk been given the responsibility of the chairmanship of the
Hkh ifjpk;d gksxkA Board constituted by the Government in this context.
Identify the ethical issues involved in it. What would
prqFkZ fodYi ,d csgrj fodYi gS D;ksafd foLr`r fjiksVZ lkSaius you suggest to deal with the above situation?
ls oLrqfLFkfr vfèkd Li"V gks ldsxh ,slk laHko gS fd mPp vfèkdkjh
mÙkj% mijksDr fo"k;oLrq lfnZ;ksa esa ijkyh ngu ls mRiUu iznw"k.k
dks fLFkfr dh xaHkhjrk le> eas vk, vkSj og viuk vkns'k cnyrs
dh leL;k ls lacfa èkr gSA blls i;kZoj.k ,oa LokLF; nksuksa ij udkjkRed
gq, tufgr dks è;ku eas j[ksA ;fn ,slk ugh gksrk gS rks fyf[kr vkns'k
izHkko iM+rk gSA lkFk gh] i;kZIr tkx:drk ds vHkko esa fdlku [ksrksa
ds :i esa mldh tokcnsgh dks lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsxkA ftlls
esa cps vo'ks"kksa dk mfpr mi;ksx djus esa vleFkZ gSaA blh rjg bl
Hkfo"; esa ;fn dksbZ vfiz; ?kVuk gksrh gS rks mlls tokc ryc fd;k
leL;k dk lcls cqjk izHkko lekt ds de”kksj oxks±] tSls& cqtqxZ] o`¼]
tk ldsxkA
xjhc vkfn ij ”;knk iM+rk gSA bl ifjfLFkfr esa mRiUu uSfrd eqís
mi;qZDr fodYiksa esa ls prqFkZ fodYi lokZfèkd mfpr gksxkA esjs
fuEufyf[kr gSa&
}kjk blh fodYi dk p;u djuk mfpr gS fdarq ;fn ;g fodYi
z LoLFk thou ds ekSfyd vfèkdkj dh mis{kkA
dkjxj lkfcr ugha gqvk rks f}rh; fodYi dks pquuk mi;qDr gksxkA
z i;kZoj.kh; uSfrdrk dk mYya?kuA
iz'u% gj o"kZ mÙkj&if'peh jkT;ksa esa ijkyh ngu ls fudyk nwf"kr
z i;kZoj.kh; U;k; ds ckfèkr gksus ls lkekftd U;k; esa Hkh ckèkkA
èkqvk¡ lfnZ;ksa ds ekSle esa vkl&ikl ds 'kgjksa esa LekWx dh
leL;k mRiUu dj nsrk gSA blls LokLF; lacèa kh pqukSfr;k¡ c<+ z tkx:drk ds vHkko esa Ñ"kdksa ds lkekftd&vkfFkZd fgr ckfèkrA

tkrh gSa ,oa çnwf"kr ok;q ds laidZ esa vkus ij vLFkek ds z ljdkjksa dk mnklhu joS;k yksdlsok ds cqfu;knh ewY;kas dh mis{kkA

jksfx;ksa dks lk¡l ysus esa fnDdr gksrh gSA bl lacèa k esa dsæa ljdkj }kjk xfBr cksMZ dk vè;{k gksus ds dkj.k esa leL;k ds
ljdkj us jkT;ksa dks ijkyh ngu u djus ds fy;s dgk gSA uSfrd ,oa O;kogkfjd i{kksa dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, leL;k ds rkRdkfyd
fdarq jkT;ksa }kjk mnklhu joS;s ds dkj.k bl fn'kk esa ç;kl ,oa nh?kZdkfyd lanHkksZa esa lq>ko nw¡xkA loZizFke rkRdkfyd n`f"V ls eSa
ugha fd;s x,A v[kckjksa esa ijkyh tykus dh [kcjsa çdkf'kr fuEu lq>ko nw¡xk&

596
 z 'kgjksa esa iznw"k.k ;k LekWx dks ml vfèkdre Lrj ij igq¡pus ls Lrj ij LoPN Hkkjr vfHk;ku ds varxZr 'kkSpky; cukus
igys rqjar jksdus dk iz;kl djuk ftlls LokLF; ds fy;s vkikr ds fy;s èku vkoafVr fd;k x;k gSA eqf[k;kifr us ftu
fLFkfr mRiUu u gksA blds fy;s vkWM&bosu iQkWewZyk] dkj iwfyax] yksxksa ds ?kj esa 'kkSpky; igys ls cus gq, gSa mudks iSls
lkoZtfud ifjogu dk iz;ksx vkfn dks izksRlkfgr djus dk iz;kl miyCèk djk fn;s vkSj mUgksaus fufeZr 'kkSpky; dk jaxjksxu
dj ldrs gSaA djok fy;k rkfd Hkfo"; esa tk¡p gksus ij os cp tk,¡]
z ljdkjh vLirkyksa esa vLFkek vkfn ds ejh”kkssa ds mipkj ds fy;s tcfd tks ”k:jrean ifjokj gSa mUgsa O;fDrxr >xM+s ds
vLirky dks iwjh rjg rS;kj jgus dk lq>ko nsukA dkj.k iQkWeZ ugha Hkjus fn;k x;kA dksbZ blds f[kykiQ vkok”k
z dsanz ljdkj ds ekè;e ls jkT; ljdkjksa dks xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa ijkyh mBkus ds fy;s rS;kj ugha gS D;ksafd vfèkdka'k xk¡o okys
ngu jksdus ds fy;s vko';d mik; djus dk rqjar funsZ'k nsus dk eqf[k;kifr ls feys gq, gSa ,oa dqN yksx Hk;o'k ,slk djus
lq>ko (bu iz;klksa ds varxZr jkT; ljdkjsa fdlkuksa dks izksRlkgu ls fgpd jgs gSaA
jkf'k vkfn ns ldrh gSa] vfr vko';drk iM+us ij dqN lhek (a) mDr fLFkfr esa mRiUu uSfrd eqíksa dks crk,¡A
rd dkuwuh dk;Zokgh dk Hkh lgkjk ys ldrh gSaA lkFk gh fdlkuksa (b) vkids le{k miyCèk fodYiksa dks crk,¡ ,oa çR;sd ds
dks ijkyh ngu ds udkjkRed i{k tSls& e`nk moZjrk esa deh] xq.k&nks"kksa dk Hkh o.kZu dhft;sA bl ifjfLFkfr esa vki
izn"w k.k vkfn dh leL;k ls ifjfpr djk;k tk ldrk gS)A D;k dne mBk,axs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
gkyk¡fd] mijksDr lq>ko leL;k ds rkRdkfyd nq"izHkko dks de You are the Chief Executive Officer in a District
Panchayat. In a village of your district, a woman has
dj ldrs gS ysfdu bldk LFkk;h lekèkku ugha dj ldrsA LFkk;h
been elected as ‘Mukhiya’ (the leader of Panchayat)
lekèkku ds fy;s nh?kZdkfyd i{kksa ij è;ku nsuk gksxk] blds fy;s after ages which is a sign of social change. But it is a
fuEu lq>ko gSa& matter of concern that the husband of the woman
z ijkyh ngu jksdus dks fdlkuksa ds fy;s ykHkdkjh cukus dk iz;kl (Mukhiyapati) is enjoying all the rights of the position
of the ‘Mukhiya’. Recently funds have been allocated
djuk gksxkA tSls ijkyh ls ck;ks&b±èku cukus okys la;a=kksa dh LFkkiuk
by the government to construct toilets at the local level
dk iz;kl ljdkjksa dks djus dk lq>koA under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. The husband has
z fdlkuksa }kjk ijkyh ngu ds eq[; {ks=kksa dh igpku o fuxjkuh made available the money to people who already have
djds mu {ks=kksa esa izkFkfed Lrj ij iz;kl djus gksaxsA a toilet in their home. They have painted the toilet
already there, so that they can evade any investigation
z ijkyh ngu ds udkjkRed izHkkoksa ds izfr fdlkuksa dks tkx:d
in the future; while those who were the needy families,
djus ds fy;s tkx:drk dk;ZØeksa] ehfM;k lg;ksx rFkk Ñ"kd have not been allowed to fill the form due to personal
usr`Ro oxZ dk lg;ksx fy;k tk ldrk gSA disputes. Nobody is ready to raise voice against it as
z fdlkuksa dks tSfod Ñf"k dh vksj izsfjr djrs gq, ijkyh dk iz;ksx
most of the villagers are in connivance with the husband
of the ‘Mukhiya’ and some people are hesitant to do so
tSfod [kkn ds :i esa djus ij è;ku nsuk gksxkA due to the fear.
z ljdkj dks ijkyh ngu dh leL;k ls fuiVus ds fy;s LFkk;h (a) Describe the ethical issues in this situation.
fufèk] i;kZIr fuos'k rFkk izHkkoh vuqlaèkku ra=k dh O;oLFkk djus (b) Spell out the options available to you and describe
dk lq>ko nsukA the pros and cons of each. What steps will you take
in this situation?
z vke yksxksa dks Hkh iznw"k.k dh leL;k ds izfr lpsr djrs gq,
^bdks izSQaMyh* thou'kSyh ds fy;s vfHkizsfjr djus dk lq>ko nsukA mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr dsl LVMh LFkkuh; Lo'kklu dh de”kksfj;ksa
dks izfrfcafcr djrk gS] lkFk gh mDr ekeyk efgyk l'kDrhdj.k gsrq
bl izdkj mijksDr lq>koksa ls lexzrk ds lkFk ykxw djus ij yksxksa
fd;s tk jgs ljdkjh iz;klksa dh foiQyrk dk Hkh ifjpk;d gSA lkekftd
ds LoLFk thou ds vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk dh tk ldrh gS rFkk i;kZoj.kh;
èkkj.kk] :f<+;k¡] ijaijkvksa dh tM+sa xgjs :i esa tes gksus ds ifj.kker%
uSfrdrk] i;kZoj.kh; U;k;] lkekftd U;k; rFkk fdlkuksa ds
ljdkjh ;kstukvksa ds lkFk&lkFk ljdkjh inksa dk Hkh nq#i;ksx gksrk gSA
lkekftd&vkfFkZd fgrksa dks lajf{kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
blesa fufgr fofHkUu uSfrd eqís fuEufyf[kr gSa&
iz'u% vki ,d f”kyk iapk;r esa eq[; dk;Zdkjh vfèkdkjh gSaA
z eqf[k;k in dh xfjek ,oa tuer dk mYya?kuA
vkids f”kys ds ,d xk¡o esa dkiQh le; i'pkr~ ,d efgyk
z ljdkjh èku dk nq#i;ksxA
eqf[k;k ds :i esa pquh xbZ gS tks fu%lansg cnyko dk
lwpd gSA fdarq fparktud ckr ;g gS fd eqf[k;kifr dh z funksZ"k efgyk ds fo#¼ dkjZokbZ dh laHkkoukA

gSfl;r ls ml efgyk dk ifr eqf[k;k in ds lHkh vfèkdkjksa z ”kehuh Lrj ij Hkz"Vkpkj dh leL;kA
dk miHkksx dj jgk gSA gky gh esa ljdkj }kjk LFkkuh; z efgyk ds fofèkd vfèkdkjksa dk guu bR;kfnA

597
 mÙkj % (b) mi;qZDr leL;k ls fuiVus ds fy;s esjs le{k miyCèk ls çsfjr gSa vkSj bu oxks± dh HkykbZ ds fy;s dk;Z djuk
fodYi fuEufyf[kr gSa& pkgrs gSaA vpkud vkidks irk pyrk gS fd xk¡o esa vkids
z mDr fLFkfr ds lanHkZ esa tkudj Hkh mnklhu cus jgukA firkth dk LokLF; •jkc py jgk gS vkSj vki vius
z fuokZfpr efgyk ds fo#¼ vuq'kklukRed dk;Zokgh djukA firkth dk vR;fèkd lEeku djrs gSa_ vius thou dh
z fuokZfpr efgyk dks psrkouh nsdj in ij cus jgus nsukA
dfBu ,oa fodV ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vkidks vius firkth dk
cgqr lg;ksx feyk gSA ,sls esa] vki vius firkth dks csgrj
z ljdkjh èku ds nq#i;ksx esa layXu O;fDr;ksa ds fo#¼ dk;Zokgh
bykt gsrq 'kgj esa vius ikl cqyk ldrs gSa ysfdu vkidks
djuk ,oa tuekul esa tkx:drk ykdj èkkj.kkRed ifjorZu gsrq
Kkr gS fd vkids firkth ijaijkoknh fopkjksa ls lacafèkr
iz;kl fd;k tkuk lkFk gh Hkz"Vkpkj jksdus gsrq ^lks'ky vkWfMV*
:f<+;ksa ls xzflr gSa vkSj bl dkj.k mUgsa fuEu tkfr;ksa
dh izfØ;k viukukA
(rFkkdfFkr tkfr O;oLFkk ds vuqlkj) ds yksxksa ls vkidk
izFke fodYi dks pquus ls ifjfLFkfr iwoZ dh rjg cuh jgsxh ,oa
feyuk ilan ugha gksxkA firkth dh bl eukso`fÙk ls vkids
vuko';d my>uksa ls cpk tk ldsxk D;ksafd ;g fLFkfr yxHkx gj
lektlsoh dk;Z esa ckèkk mRiUu gks ldrh gS ,oa vkidks
xk¡o dh fLFkfr gSA bl fodYi dk nks"k ;g gS fd dÙkZO; ikyu]
vlgtrk dh fLFkfr dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gSA
bZekunkjh] lR;fu"Bk tSls ewY;ksa dk ßkl gksxkA
(a) mDr ifjfLFkfr esa vkids le{k dkSu&dkSu lh uSfrd
ogha] f}rh; fodYi dks pquus dk ykHk ;g gS fd tuekul ds
nqfoèkk,¡ gSa\
fgr dks lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsxk ,oa Hk; ds ekgkSy dks de fd;k
(b) bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vkids le{k dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi
tk ldsxkA fdarq bl fodYi dk nks"k ;g gS fd fuokZfpr efgyk ds
f[kykiQ vuq'kklukRed dk;Zokgh djds Hkh bl leL;k dk izHkkoh ekStwn gSa\ çR;sd fodYi ds xq.k&nks"kksa dk voyksdu
lekèkku ugha gksxk D;ksafd leL;k ds ewy esa lkekftd O;oLFkk esa djrs gq, crk,¡ fd vki fdl fodYi dk p;u djsaxs\
fo|eku dfe;k¡ gSa] u fd fuokZfpr efgyk dh vuq'kklughurkA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
You run a non-governmental organization (NGO) which
r`rh; fodYi dqN lhek rd mfpr gS ftls pquk tk ldrk gS works for the upliftment, empowerment and
D;ksafd blls u dsoy efgyk ds lkFk vU;k; dks jksdk tk ldrk gS improvement in living conditions of the lower classes
cfYd lacafèkr xk¡o ds yksxksa dks muds vfèkdkjksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh (dalits). You yourself are from an elite class or family,
izkIr gksxhA ogha] bldk nks"k ;g gS fd ml efgyk dk ifr vizR;{k but you are influenced by socialist ideals and want to
work for the good of these classes. Suddenly you come
:i ls ;k vuSfrd rjhdksa ls nwljs ekSdksa dk Hkh ykHk mBkus dk iz;kl
to know that your father's health is worsening in the
dj ldrk gSA village. You immensely respect your father;
prqFkZ fodYi lokZfèkd mfpr gS ftlls u dsoy oafprksa dks you have got a lot of support from your father in difficult
ykHk gksxk cfYd O;kid lkekftd fgr lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsxkA and adverse circumstances of life. In this situation, you
nksf"k;ksa ij dk;Zokgh ls fofèk dk 'kklu lqfuf'pr gksxk ,oa tkx:drk could call your father for better treatment in the city.
But you are aware that your father believes in orthodox
ls efgykvksa esa vius vfèkdkjksa dks ysdj xaHkhjrk c<s+xh fdarq bl
customs related to traditional ideas, and therefore he
fodYi dks pquus ls fgalkRed xfrfofèk;ksa ds c<+us dh laHkkouk gS will not appreciate your mingling with the lower castes
ftldks iqfyl cy ds leqfpr izcaèku ls jksdk tk ldrk gSA (as per the norms of the caste system). This attitude of
vr% mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa nz"VO; LFkkuh; Lo'kklu dh dfe;ksa your father can interfere with your social work and you
dks nwj djus ds fy;s eSa f”kyk iapk;r ds eq[; dk;Zdkjh vfèkdkjh may have to face a situation of discomfort.
demerits of each option spell out the option you will
ds :i esa efgykvksa eas usr`Ro {kerk ds fodkl gsrq vko';d izf'k{k.k
choose?
dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu d:axk] LFkkuh; lq'kklu dh vfHkdYiuk dks
(a) What moral dilemmas do you face in the above
lkdkj djus gsrq ^lks'ky vkWfMV* tSls iz;klksa ls tu Hkkxhnkjh c<+kus situation?
dk iz;kl d:axkA lkFk gh efgykvksa ds izfr lekt dh èkkj.kk esa (b) What are the options available to you in these
ldkjkRed ifjorZu ykus ds iz;kl d:¡xkA circumstances? By examining the merits and
iz'u% vki dksbZ xSj&ljdkjh laxBu (NGO) pykrs gSa tks nfyr mÙkj % (a) tkfrxr HksnHkko gekjs lekt dk ,d dVq ;FkkFkZ gSA
oxZ ds mRFkku] l'kDrhdj.k ,oa muds thou;kiu dh csgrj vkèkqfud ewY;ksa ds izHkko ds dkj.k orZeku ih<+h esa tkfr ds izfr
lq•&lqfoèkkvksa esa o`f¼ ds fy;s ç;kl djrk gSA vki Lo;a :<+èkkj.kk (LVhfj;ksVkbi) de”kksj vo'; gqbZ gS] fdarq vkt Hkh tkrh;
laHkzkr oxZ ;k ifjokj ls gSa] ysfdu vki lektoknh fopkjksa iwokZxzg gekjh lkekftd&lkaLÑfrd ijaijkvksa ,oa n`f"Vdks.k esa xgu

598
:i ls LFkkfir gSa ftudk izHkko firkth ds Hkh n`f"Vdks.k esa fn[kkbZ prqFkZ fodYi dk xq.k ;g gS fd blls firkth dks csgrj bykt]
iM+ jgk gSA mi;qZDr izdj.k bUgha :f<+xr tkrh; iwokZxzgksa rFkk nfyr HkkoukRed lg;ksx rks feysxk gh] lkFk gh mudh tkrh; vfHko`fÙk
,oa lkekftd l'kDrhdj.k] lektoknh fopkjksa dh c<+rh Lohdk;Zrk (iwokZxzg) dks Hkh cnyk tk ldsxkA mUgsa mnkgj.k fn;k tk ldrk gS
ds eè; lkekftd ,oa ih<+hxr }a} dks izLrqr djrk gSA fd vkidk bykt djus okyk MkWDVj fdl tkfr dk gS ugha irk] fdarq
mDr ifjfLFkfr esa esjs le{k fuEu uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡ gSa& mldk Kku rFkk ekuoh; ewY; vkids fy;s ykHkdkjh gSaA vr% tkrh;
‹ lkekftd nkf;Ro cuke O;fDrxr nkf;Ro (tSls& nfyrksRFkku iwokZxzg vuqfpr gSA fdarq] bl fodYi dh lhek ;g gS fd bl rjg
cuke firkth ds LokLF; dh ns[kHkky)A ls vfHko`fÙk ifjorZu esa yack le; yx ldrk gSA
‹ O;kolkf;d lacaèk cuke O;fDrxr lacaèk (tSls& xSj&ljdkjh bl izdkj esjs }kjk prqFkZ fodYi dk gh p;u fd;k tk,xk
laxBu dks pykus ds fy;s lHkh tkfr;ksa ls leku Hkko ls D;ksafd ;g leL;k dk ,d LFkk;h rFkk larqfyr lekèkku gSA
feyuk vko';d gS tcfd firkth dks bl rjg vU; tkfr;ksa iz'u% vki flfoy lsok dh rS;kjh djus okys xaHkhj vH;FkhZ gSa
ls feyuk ilan ugha)A vkSj vkidh ;g bPNk gS fd vki flfoy lsok esa p;fur
‹ ijaijkxr fopkj cuke vkèkqfud ewY; (tSls& firkth ds gksdj ns'k ds fodkl esa leqfpr ;ksxnku ns ldsaA vki
ijaijkoknh fopkjksa vkSj esjs lektoknh fopkj rFkk lekurk tSls ik¡p HkkbZ vkSj cgu gSaA cM+s HkkbZ gksus ds dkj.k vki ifjokj
ewY;)A lacaèkh nkf;Roksa dk fuoZgu djus rFkk Lo;a dh O;fDrxr
mÙkj % (b) bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa esjs lkeus fuEu fodYi gSa& ”k:jrksa dh iwfrZ ds fy;s fdlh dkWjiksjsV daiuh esa tkWc
‹ firkth dks vius ikl u cqykÅ¡ tgk¡ oks jg jgs gSa ogha bykt Hkh djrs gSaA dkWjiksjsV daiuh esa tkWc djus vkSj viuh i<+kbZ
dh O;oLFkk dj nw¡A dks tkjh j•us ds eè; larqyu ds fy;s vki vFkd ç;kl
‹ tc rd firkth ikl esa gSa rc rd fuEu tkfr;ksa (rFkkdfFkr
djrs gSa vkSj vkidks mEehn gS fd vki dkWjiksjsV daiuh
tkfr O;oLFkk ds vuqlkj) ls u feyw¡A esa tkWc djrs gq, flfoy lsok esa p;fur gks tk,axsA lkFk
‹ firkth dks csgrj bykt gsrq vius ikl cqyk fy;k tk,] fdarq
gh] vki viuh tkWc dks NksM+ Hkh ugha ldrs gSa D;ksafd
muds #dus dh O;oLFkk vU;=k LFkku ij dh tk,A blls vkidh O;fDrxr ”k:jrsa iwjh u gksus ds lkFk gh vki
‹ firkth dh :f<+xr tkrh; vfHko`fÙk dks ;FkklaHko ifjofrZr
ifjokj lacaèkh nkf;Roksa dk Hkh fuoZgu ugha dj ik,axsA
djus dk iz;kl d:¡] lkFk gh mudks vius ikl cqykdj bykt vkidh ijh{kk u”knhd gS vkSj vki NqV~Vh lacaèkh lqfoèkkvksa
djokšA dk mi;ksx iw.kZ :i ls dj pqds gSaA bl dkj.k daiuh
izFke fodYi dk xq.k ;g gS fd blls eSa vius O;kolkf;d vkidks ijh{kk ds fy;s NqV~Vh ugha ns jgh gS] ysfdu blds
lacaèkksa dks fuckZèk iwjk dj ldwaxk rFkk vius ,u-th-vks- dks csgrj dkj.k vkidh ijh{kk lacaèkh rS;kjh ckfèkr gks jgh gS vkSj
rjhds ls lapkfyr dj ikÅaxkA fdarq bl fodYi dk nks"k ;g gS fd vki vius y{; ls nwj gksrs tk jgs gSa fdarq vkidks daiuh
firkth dks csgrj bykt ugha feysxk D;ksafd os xk¡o esa jg jgs gSa] lkFk esa dk;Z djrs jguk Hkh vko';d gSA
gh ;g esjs O;fDrxr nkf;Roksa dh mis{kk gSA mi;ZqDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa miyCèk fodYiksa dks crkrs gq, vius
f}rh; fodYi dk xq.k ;g gS fd blls firkth dks vius lkFk }kjk p;fur fd;s tkus okys fodYi dk vkSfpR; Hkh Li"V
j[kdj mudk bykt djok ldwaxkA lkFk gh] mudh Hkkoukvksa dk Hkh djsaA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
lEeku gksxk D;ksafd eSa fuEu tkfr;ksa ls ugha fey jgkA fdarq bl fodYi You are a serious candidate who is preparing for the
civil services and your wish is to make appropriate
dk nks"k ;g gS fd blds p;u ls eSa vius lkekftd rFkk O;kolkf;d
contribution to the development of the country by
nkf;Roksa dk fuoZgu ugha dj ikÅaxk] lkFk gh ;s fodYi esjs lektoknh securing a selection. You have five brothers and sisters.
fopkjksa ds Hkh izfrdwy gSaA Being an elder brother, you also work in a corporate
r`rh; fodYi dk xq.k ;g gS fd blls firkth dks csgrj bykt company to fulfill your personal needs and to bear your
fey ldsxk] lkFk gh eSa vius lkekftd rFkk O;kolkf;d nkf;Roksa dks family responsibilities. You work tirelessly to balance
the job and your studies and you hope that you will be
Hkh fuHkk ldwaxkA fdarq bl fodYi dk nks"k ;g gS fd blls esjs selected in the civil services while working on the job.
O;fDrxr nkf;Ro dh mis{kk gksxh rFkk firkth ds lkFk U;k; ugha gks Also, you can not leave your job because you will not
ik,xk D;ksafd thou dh dfBu ,oa fodV ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa mUgksaus eq>s be able to discharge your family obligations and meet
vR;fèkd lg;ksx fn;k gSA your personal needs.

599
 Your exam is near and you have completely exhausted esa mi;qZDr fo'ks"krkvksa dk vHkko gS rFkk os leL;k ds lHkh i{kksa dk
your leaves facilities. So, the company is not sanctioning lekèkku ugha dj ik jgs gSaA blhfy;s 'ks"k rhu fodYiksa dk p;u ugha
your leave for the exam. Because of this, your
preparation is affected and you are getting farther away
d:axkA
from your goal. Also you need to continue working in iz'u% vkidh fu;qfDr ,d ,sls f”kys esa iqfyl vèkh{kd ds :i
the company. esa gksrh gS tgk¡ vk, fnu efgykvksa ds lkFk NsM+NkM+ vkSj
By explaining the options available in the above ;kSu mRihM+u ds c<+rs gq, ekeys fn•kbZ nsrs gSaA blds dkj.k
circumstances, justify the rationale for the choice you
dkedkth efgykvksa dks lnSo fdlh vugksuh dh vk'kadk
make.
cuh jgrh gSA iqfyl vèkh{kd gksus ds ukrs vkids f”kys esa
mÙkj% mDr ifjfLFkfr esa eq[;r% nks i{k gSa& ,d] flfoy lsok
,sls ÑR; dkuwu O;oLFkk ds çHkkoh lapkyu dks ugha n'kkZrs
dk esjk y{; rFkk nwljk esjh O;fDrxr ,oa ikfjokfjd vko';drk,¡A
gSAa blds vykok efgykvksa ds lkFk ;kSu mRihM+u ,oa NsM+NkM+
,d rjiQ esjk dWfj;j flfoy lsok esa liQyrk ij fuHkZj djrk gS rks
ds c<+rs gq, eqís fdlh Hkh lekt esa uSfrdrk ds ßkl dks
nwljh rjiQ esjh O;fDrxr vko';drkvksa ,oa ikfjokfjd nkf;Roksa dks
crykrs gSaA vki efgykvksa ls lacafèkr eqíksa ds çfr vR;fèkd
iwjk djus ds fy;s dkWjiksjsV daiuh esa tkWc vko';d gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa
laosnu'khy gSa vkSj ftl f”kys esa Hkh vkidh fu;qfDr gksrh
esa essjs le{k fuEu fodYi miyCèk gSa&
gS] ogk¡ ij vki bu ?kVukvksa dks jksdus ds fy;s dBksj
z daiuh ls R;kxi=k ns nw¡ rFkk ijh{kk lekIr gksus rd viuh cpr
dne mBkrs gSaA f”kys esa bu vijkèkksa ds fo#¼ iqfyl }kjk
ls ikfjokfjd ,oa O;fDrxr vko';drkvksa dks iwjk d:¡A ijh{kk fofHkUu dkjZokb;k¡ vkSj fxjÝrkjh dh xbZa] ysfdu i;kZIr
lekIr gkssus ds ckn iqu% tkWc TokWbu dj yw¡A lcwrksa ds vHkko esa vkjksih cp tkrs gSaA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa
z daiuh ls R;kxi=k nsus ds i'pkr~ fdlh NksVs HkkbZ ;k cgu dks esa vkids vèkhuLFk vfèkdkjh lekt }kjk ekSds ij Rofjr
dksbZ tkWc TokWbu djus dks dgw¡] ftlls ifjokj dh vko';drkvksa U;k; ds leFkZu esa rdZ çLrqr djrs gSaA
dh iw£r gks lds rFkk ijh{kk ds i'pkr~ eSa iqu% ikfjokfjd nkf;Ro (a) bl çdkj dh fLFkfr;ksa esa Rofjr U;k; ls lacafèkr
dk fuoZgu d:¡A fofHkUu uSfrd eqíksa dh ppkZ djsaA
z dksbZ ,slh tkWc <w¡<+us dk iz;kl d:¡ tgk¡ eSa vkaf'kd (ikVZ Vkbe)
(b) efgykvksa dh lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s ,d iqfyl
dke djrs gq, O;fDrxr ,oa ikfjokfjd vko';drkvksa dks iwjk vèkh{kd ds rkSj ij vki dkSu&ls nh?kZdkfyd dne
dj ldw¡ vkSj lkFk gh ijh{kk ds fy;s i<+kbZ Hkh dj ldw¡A mBk,axs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z eSa orZeku daiuh ds gh izcaèku ra=k ls okrkZ djds ijh{kk ds dqN You are appointed as the Superintendent of Police in a
fnuksa iwoZ voSrfud vodk'k iznku djus dk vuqjksèk d:¡A lkFk district where cases of molestation and sexual harassment
gh] bl ijh{kk dh rS;kjh ds izkjaHk ls gh ^le; izcaèku* ij fo'ks"k of women are reportedly on the rise. Due to this, working
women in the district always have the fear of some
è;ku nwaxk] ftlls tkWc rFkk vè;;u esa larqyu cuk jgsA
untoward incident. Being the Superintendent of Police,
mi;qZDr fodYiksa esa ls esjs }kjk pkSFks fodYi dk p;u fd;k such acts in your district do not reflect an effective
tk,xk] D;ksafd& operationalisation of the legal system. That aside, rise
z bl fodYi ds }kjk eSa viuh ijh{kk dks lqpk# :i ls ns ldwaxkA in cases of sexual harassment and molestation of women
depict a degradation of ethics in a society. You are highly
z voSrfud vodk'k dh HkjikbZ iwoZ dh cpr }kjk dh tk ldrh gSA
sensitive to women’s issues and in the districts where
z lkFk gh] bl fodYi ds p;u ls NksVs HkkbZ ;k cgu dks Hkh you are posted, you take strict actions to prevent such
jks”kxkj ds fy;s rRdky iz;kl ugha djuk iM+sxk vkSj u gh eq>s incidents. Various operations and arrests were done by
the police against these crimes in the district, but the
ubZ tkWc ryk'k djuh gksxhA
accused escape the law due to lack of adequate evidence.
z bl fodYi ds p;u ls ^le; izcaèku* dk xq.k fodflr gksxk In these circumstances, your subordinate officers argue
tks fdlh Hkh dk;Z esa liQy gksus ds fy;s vfuok;Z vko';drk gSA in support of on-the-spot instant justice delivery by the
z prqFkZ fodYi esa orZeku dh ijh{kk dh rS;kjh dh leL;k Hkh gy gks society.
tk,xh] lkFk gh Hkfo"; dh jks”kxkj dh lqj{kk Hkh cuh jgsxh] ftlls (a) Discuss the various ethical issues related to
dispensing instant justice in such situations.
O;fDrxr ”k:jrsa ,oa ikfjokfjd vko';drk,¡ Hkh iwjh gks ldaxs hA
(a) Which long-term steps will you take as a
bl izdkj mi;qZDr fo'ks"krkvksa dks èkkj.k djus ds dkj.k nh xbZ Superintendent of Police to ensure the safety of
ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa eSa prqFkZ fodYi dk p;u d:axkA tcfd vU; fodYiksa women?

600
 mÙkj% dkedkth efgykvksa ds lkFk ;kSu nqO;Zogkj orZeku lekt z efgykvksa ds izfr lekt esa ldkjkRed vfHko`fÙk ds lrr~ fodkl
dk dVq ;FkkFkZ gS rFkk gky ds ^# eh Vw* ewoesaV us bl ;FkkFkZ dks gsrq Ldwyksa esa cPpksa ds chp fo'ks"k dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu
l'kDr vfHkO;fDr nh gSA fdlh Hkh lekt esa efgykvksa ds lkFk gksus djkus dk iz;kl d:axkA
okys ;kSu nqO;Zogkj u dsoy dkuwu O;oLFkk dh deh n'kkZrs gSa cfYd bl izdkj lkekftd uSfrdrk ds lao¼Zu rFkk dkuwu ds izHkkoh
lkekftd uSfrdrk ds vèkksiru dks Hkh n'kkZrs gSaA fØ;kUo;u ls efgyk lqj{kk dks nh?kZdkfyd Lrj ij lqfuf'pr fd;k
mÙkj % (a) mijksDr leL;k ds rkRdkfyd lekèkku dh izfØ;k tk ldrk gSA
esa dHkh&dHkh Rofjr U;k; dks lekt }kjk viuk;k tkus yxrk gS] iz'u% jk?kosaæ ,d gksugkj ,oa dq'ky Nk=k gS] tks jkT; ds ,d
fdarq Rofjr U;k; dh c<+rh Lohdk;Zrk fuEu uSfrd eqíksa dks mRiUu çfrf"Br esfMdy dkWyst esa vkids lkFk gh i<+rk gSA dqN
djrh gSµ gh le; esa vkidh mlds lkFk vPNh nksLrh gks tkrh gSA
jk?kosaæ ds ekrk&firk vR;fèkd xjhc gSa vkSj mUgksaus cM+h
‹ Rofjr U;k; dkuwuh (fofèkd) uSfrdrk dk mYya?ku gS D;ksafd
dfBukb;ksa ls jk?kosaæ dks i<+k;k gSA vki mlds lkFk mldh
dkuwu }kjk nks"kh dks l”kk nsus dh ,d fuèkkZfjr izfØ;k dk
cgu dh 'kknh esa Hkkx ysus ds fy;s mlds xk¡o tkrh gSaA
ikyu fd;k tkrk gSA xk¡o igq¡pdj vkidks irk pyrk gS fd mldh cgu dh
‹ Rofjr U;k; vkjksfir O;fDr ds funksZ"k gksus dh fLFkfr esa mlds vk;q fookg ds ;ksX; ugha gS tks dkuwuu lqlaxr ugha gSA
ewy vfèkdkjksa dk mYya?ku djrk gSA lkFk gh] U;kf;d xyfr;ksa jk?kosaæ ds ekrk&firk us ckn esa ngs”k nsus ls cpus ds fy;s
esa lqèkkj dh laHkkouk dks ux.; dj nsrk gS] ftlls U;k; ds rFkk çfrdwy vkfFkZd ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k jk?kosaæ dh
ewY; dh mis{kk gksrh gSA cgu dk fookg djuk mfpr le>kA vxj jk?kosaæ dh cgu
‹ Rofjr U;k; ^HkhM+ fgalk* (ekWc ¯yfpax) tSlh xfrfofèk;ksa dks dh 'kknh vkSj vfèkd mez esa dh tkrh] rks mlds ekrk&firk
izsfjr dj ldrk gS tks lekt dk ewY;kRed iru iznf'kZr dks vR;fèkd ngs”k nsuk iM+rkA tc vki jk?kosaæ ls bl
djsxkA ,d iwjk lekt vijkèkh dh rjg O;ogkj djus yxrk lacaèk esa okrkZyki djrh gSa] rks og Lo;a dks foo'k ikrk
gS tks lkekftd uSfrdrk esa deh dk ladsr gSA gSA vki vPNh rjg ls tkurh gSa fd blls jk?kosaæ dh cgu
bl izdkj Rofjr U;k; dk lq>ko xkaèkhth ds uSfrd fparu ^iki dk 'kks"k.k gksus ds lkFk gh ekuokfèkdkjksa dk Hkh mYya?ku
ls ?k`.kk djks ikih ls ugha* rFkk gekjh dkuwu izfØ;k ds ewy è;s; fd gksxkA vxj vki bldh f'kdk;r iqfyl esa djsaxh] rks blls
^lkS vijkèkh Hkys NwV tk,¡ fdarq dksbZ funksZ"k l”kk u ik,* ds fo#¼ jk?kosaæ ds ?kjokyksa dh laiw.kZ lekt esa cnukeh gksxh vkSj
gSA bl rjg dh Rofjr U;kf;d izfØ;k lkekftd ,oa iz'kklfud jk?kosaæ ij xgjk ekufld vk?kkr gksxkA vki èkeZladV esa gSaA
O;oLFkk ds lkeus uSfrd ladV mRiUu djrh gSA (a) mi;ZqDr çdj.k esa dkSu&ls uSfrd eqís mifLFkr gSa\
mÙkj % (b) iqfyl vèkh{kd ds rkSj ij efgyk lqj{kk esjk u (b) vkids le{k dkSu&ls fodYi ekStwn gSa\ çR;sd fodYi
dsoy inh; dÙkZO; gS cfYd ukxfjd nkf;Ro Hkh gSA blds fy;s eSa ds xq.k&nks"kksa dks crkrs gq, vki dkSu&ls fodYi dk
iqfyl isVªksfyax] fu;fer ekWuhVfjax rFkk ^ykW ,aM vkWMZj* ls tqM+h pquko djsaxh_ rdZ lfgr mÙkj nsaA (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
rkRdkfyd lekèkku izfØ;k dks l'kDr djus ds lkFk&lkFk dqN Raghavendra is a promising and skilled student who
studies with you in a prestigious Medical College of the
nh?kZdkfyd dne Hkh mBkÅaxk] tks fuEufyf[kr gSa& state. In a short time you have become a good friend with
z efgyk lqj{kk ls tqM+s fo"k;ksa dks iwjh laosnu'khyrk ls laHkkyus ds him. Raghavendra’s parents are very poor people. They
fy;s iqfyl foHkkx ds fy;s fo'ks"k dk;Z'kkyk,¡ rFkk izf'k{k.k dk educated Raghavendra with much difficulties. You go to
izcaèk d:axk] ftlls ihfM+rksa dks U;k; rFkk nksf"k;ksa dks dkuwu ds his village with him to attend his sister’s marriage. After
reaching the village, you come to know that his sister is
ekè;e ls l”kk fey ldsA underage for marriage and it is in contravention of law.
z NsM+NkM+ ds vfrlaosnu'khy LFkkuksa dh igpku rFkk mu LFkkuksa ij Raghavendra’s parents considered it right to marry his
lh-lh-Vh-oh- dSejs dh O;oLFkk vkSj iqfyl isVªksfyax c<+kus ds sister due to adverse economic conditions and to avoid
funsZ'k nwaxkA blls NsM+[kkuh dh ?kVukvksa ij fu;a=k.k yxsxkA the dowry to be paid if she is married older. When you
talk to Raghavendra about this, he finds himself
z efgykvksa dh Rofjr lgk;rk gsrq 24 × 7 fu%'kqYd efgyk gsYiykbu helpless. You are fully aware that this marriage will lead
dk izHkkoh lapkyu lqfuf'pr d:axkA to exploitation of Raghavendra’s sister and violation of
her human rights. If you complain about it to the police,
z f”kys ds efgykvksa ls lac¼ lHkh dk;ZLFkyksa ij efgyk lqj{kk ls
then it will bring disrepute to Raghavendra’s family in
tqM+s dkuwuksa rFkk lqizhe dksVZ ds funsZ'kksa] tSls fo'kk[kk xkbMykbu the society and will also cause a deep mental trauma on
vkfn dk vuqikyu lqfuf'pr d:axkA Raghavendra.

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 (a) Which ethical issues are present in the above Hkh ugha gksxhA bl fodYi dh lhek ;g gS fd rkRdkfyd rkSj ij
situation? ifjokj dh vfHko`fÙk cnyuk vklku ugha gSA fdarq ifjokj dks ;g le>k;k
(b) What are the options available to you? By explaining
tk ldrk gS fd csVh dks csgrj f'k{kk nsdj vkRefuHkZj cuk ldrs gS]a
the merits and demerits of each, spell out the option
you will chose giving the reasoning for it. lkFk gh ,slh fLFkfr esa vkidks ngs”k Hkh ugha nsuk iM+xs kA blds vykok
mÙkj% mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa cky fookg rFkk ngs”k ds varl±caèk cky fookg rFkk ngs”k ysuk o nsuk nksuksa naMuh; vijkèk gSAa lkFk gh]
dks fn[kk;k x;k gSA nksuksa lkekftd cqjkb;ksa dk lokZfèkd nq"izHkko blls efgyk o cPpksa ds LokLF; ij Hkh udkjkRed vlj iM+rk gSA
efgykvksa ij iM+rk gSA ;s lkekftd cqjkb;k¡ gekjs lkekftd] lkaLÑfrd bl izdkj vuqu;u (Persuasion)] dkuwu dk Hk; rFkk tkx:drk
rFkk ijaijkxr n`f"Vdks.k ls bruh xgjkbZ ls tqM+h gSa fd ,d i<+k&fy[kk ds izlkj vkfn ds ekè;e ls lkekftd o ikfjokfjd vfHko`fÙk esa
O;fDr Hkh buds lkeus dHkh&dHkh de”kksj lkfcr gksrk gS rFkk buds cnyko ykdj cky fookg vkSj ngs”k tSlh lkekftd cqjkb;ksa dks jksdk
fy;s dkuwuh izkoèkku Hkh vi;kZIr izrhr gksrs gSaA tk ldrk gSA
mÙkj % (a) bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa mi;qZDr izdj.k esa fuEu uSfrd iz'u% vuqjkx Ñf"k esa ijkLukrd djus ds i'pkr xk¡o tkdj
eqís fo|eku gSa& vkèkqfud Ñf"k dk;kZs esa layXu gksdj Ñf"k {ks=k esa viuk
dWfj;j cukuk pkgrk gSA lkFk gh] og xk¡o ds O;fDr;ksa dks
z cky vfèkdkjksa (LokLF;] f'k{kk] laj{k.k rFkk fodkl ds voljksa)
Hkh vkèkqfud Ñf"k dk;ks± ds fy;s çsfjr djds bls ykHk dk
dh mis{kkA
O;olk; cukuk pkgrk gSA
z ySafxd lekurk ds ewY; dk mYya?kuA
tkÉoh] vuqjkx dh fç; fe=k gS vkSj mlds fopkjksa ls
z dkuwuh uSfrdrk dk mYya?ku (tSls& ngs”k ,oa cky fookg dkuwu
vR;fèkd çHkkfor gSA dkWyt s esa Nqfêð;k¡ çkjaHk gksus ds i'pkr
dk mYya?ku)A
vuqjkx vius ?kj okil pyk x;k gS vkSj tkÉoh Hkh mlds
z xjhch dh mifLFkfr rFkk ngs”k dh cqjkbZ us lkekftd&vkfFkZd
lkFk ?kweus ds mís'; ls mlds lkFk xk¡o esa vk tkrh gSA fdar]q
U;k; dks Hkh de”kksj fd;k gSA xk¡o igqp¡ us ds i'pkr~ tkÉoh ;g ns•rh gS fd vuqjkx ds
z O;fDrxr lacaèk rFkk lkekftd nkf;Ro esa lkeatL; LFkkfir djus xk¡o esa dksbZ Hkh 'kkSpky; ugha gS vkSj efgyk,¡ 'kkSpky; ds
dk uSfrd ladV Hkh fo|eku gSA fy;s ?kj ls ckgj tkrh gSa ftlds dkj.k muesa vlqj{kk dk
mÙkj % (b) bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa esjs lkeus fuEu fodYi fo|eku gS&a Hk; cuk jgrk gSA
z eSa cky fookg dks gksus nw¡ rFkk fookg esa 'kkfey gksus ds ckn vuqjkx dk xk¡o fofHkUu çdkj ds :f<+oknh fopkjksa ls xzLr
okil ykSV vkÅ¡A gSA blds vfrfjDr vuqjkx ds firkth vR;fèkd èkkfeZd
z eSa cky fookg dh f'kdk;r u”knhdh iqfyl LVs'ku ij d:¡ rFkk :f<+oknh fopkjksa ls xzflr gSa ftlds dkj.k og ?kj esa
cky fookg dks jksdus dk iz;kl d:¡A 'kkSpky; cukus dks ?kj ds fy;s ^v'kqHk* ekurs gSAa tcfd
z eSa jk?kosanz (fe=k) ds ifjokj rFkk jk?kosanz ls cky fookg dks jksdus vki ;g vPNh rjg tkurs gSa fd ?kj esa 'kkSpky; u gksus ls
ds lanHkZ esa okrkZ d:¡A lkFk gh] ifjokj dh vfHko`fÙk dks ifjofrZr efgykvksa dks fofHkUu çdkj dh leL;kvksa dk lkeuk djus
djus dk iz;kl d:axh vkSj bl fookg ds fy;s fo|eku dkuwuh ds lkFk gh xk¡o ds cPpksa ,oa vU; yksxksa dks fofHkUu çdkj
foèkkuksa rFkk naM ls mUgsa ifjfpr djokÅaxhA dh LokLF; lacèa kh chekfj;k¡ mRiUu gksrh gSAa vuqjkx Hkh
izFke fodYi dk xq.k ;g gS fd blls fe=k ds lkFk O;fDrxr 'kkSpky; ds lkekftd ,oa vkfFkZd ykHkksa rFkk bl fn'kk esa
lacaèk vPNs cus jgsaxs rFkk mlds ifjokj dh cnukeh ugha gksxhA fdarq] ljdkjh ç;klksa ls ifjfpr gS fdarq firkth ds ncko rFkk
bl fodYi dk nks"k ;g gS fd blls cky fookg] ngs”k izFkk tSlh ,d xyr vknr dh lgt lkekftd Lohdk;Zrk ds dkj.k
lkekftd cqjkb;ksa dks izksRlkgu feysxk rFkk ,d L=kh gksdj esjs }kjk og tkÉoh dk lkFk ugha ns ik jgkA
efgyk ,oa cky vfèkdkjksa dh mis{kk gksxhA (a) mi;ZD q r çdj.k dks vki fdl çdkj ns•rs gS\a
f}rh; fodYi dk xq.k ;g gS fd blls rkRdkfyd rkSj ij cky (b) tkÉoh vkids ikl] vuqjkx rFkk mlds ifjokj okyksa
fookg dks jksd ldwaxhA fdarq] bldk nks"k ;g gS fd blls fe=k ds ,oa xk¡o okyksa dh vfHko`fÙk esa ifjorZu dh lykg ds
lkFk lacaèk [kjkc gksaxs] mlds ifjokj dh cnukeh gksxh] lkFk gh ;g fy;s vkrh gS] vki D;k lq>ko nsxa \s
fodYi ,d lkekftd cqjkbZ dk LFkk;h lekèkku Hkh ugha gSA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
After completing a postgraduate in agriculture Anurag
eSa r`rh; fodYi dk p;u d:axh D;ksfa d blls lkekftd cqjkb;ksa
wants to go back to the village and make his career in
(cky fookg rFkk ngs”k) dk LFkk;h lekèkku gks ldsxkA lkFk gh] fe=k agriculture by engaging in modern agricultural work. At
ds lkFk O;fDrxr lacèa k Hkh cus jgsxa s rFkk mlds ifjokj dh cnukeh the same time, he also wants to inspire the people of the

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 village for modern agricultural works and make it a p;u djs ftldh èkkfeZd Lohdk;Zrk gks] lkFk gh og 'kkSpky;
profitable enterprise. ds lkekftd&vkfFkZd ykHkksa ls HkyhHkk¡fr ifjfpr gksA
Jahnavi is a dear friend of Anurag and is highly
z 'kkSpky; ds izfr yksxksa esa ldkjkRed vfHko`fÙk ds fodkl gsrq
influenced by his thoughts. When the holidays began in
college, Anurag returned to his home. Jahnvi also came ehfM;k] {ks=kh; jktuhfrd usr`Ro ds lg;ksx ls tkx:drk ykus
to his village for travel and tourism. But after reaching dk iz;kl djsA yksxksa dks crk, dh [kqys esa 'kkSp ls cPpksa esa
the village Jahnavi finds out that there is no toilet in the iksfy;ks] fodykaxrk] gStk rFkk Mk;fj;k tSlh chekfj;k¡ gksrh gSa]
village and women go out of their house for defecation LokLF; O;; c<+rk gS ,oa xjhch c<+rh gSA
due to which they always feel insecure.
z 'kkSpky; ds iz;ksx ls efgykvksa dks lqj{kkRed ifjos'k fey ldsxkA
Anurag’s village is in grip of various conservative
beliefs. Anurag’s father harbours extreme religious z 'kkSpky; ds izfr vuqjkx dh ldkjkRed vfHko`fÙk esa e”kcwrh
conservative ideas, due to which he believes that making (rhozrk) ykus gsrq mlesa ^Lotkx:drk* dks vkSj fodflr djus
a toilet in the house will be inauspicious. It is well known dk iz;kl djuk] ftlls :f<+oknh lkekftd@ikfjokfjd ncko dk
that due to lack of toilets in homes, women face multiple
izHkko de ;k [kRe fd;k tk ldsA
problems and children and others face health related
problems. z iz'kklfud lg;ksx ls ljdkj ds LoPNrk ,oa 'kkSpky; iz;ksx ls
Anurag is also familiar with the social and economic tqM+s O;ogkj ifjorZu lacaèkh iz;kl] tSls& LoPN Hkkjr fe'ku dks
benefits of the toilet and the government’s efforts in this iwjh izHkko'khyrk ls ykxw djukA
direction, but due to the ease of social acceptability of
bl izdkj] vfrfjDr lwpukvksa ,oa cPpksa rFkk efgykvksa dh
a wrong habit and father’s pressure, he is unable to fully
support Jahnavi. leL;k ds izfr xk¡o o ifjokj dk è;ku vkÑ"V dj bl {ks=k ds yksxksa
(a) How do you see the above situation? dh vfHko`fÙk ds laKkukRed o HkkoukRed i{k esa mfpr ifjorZu yk;k
(b) Jahnavi comes to you for advice to change the tk ldrk gS] ftlls varr% lexz vfHko`fÙk esa O;kogkfjd Lrj ij
attitude of Anurag, his family and the villagers. 'kkSpky; ds izfr ldkjkRed ifjorZu yk;k tk ldrk gSA
What would you suggest? iz'u% Hkkjr dh c<+rh gqbZ tula[;k dh vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ
mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k xzkeh.k fiNM+kiu] xyr vknr dh lgt ,oa vkS|ksfxd xfrfofèk;ksa ds dq'ky lapkyu ds fy;s ÅtkZ
lkekftd Lohdk;Zrk] vaèkfo'okl rFkk lkekftd ,oa ikfjokfjd ncko dh vR;fèkd vko';drk vkSj egÙkk gksrh gSA vki Hkkjr
ds ifj.kkeLo:i 'kkSpky; iz;ksx ds izfr de”kksj ldkjkRed vfHko`fÙk ljdkj dh fdlh cM+h rsy daiuh ds vfèkdkjh gSa vkSj
;k udkjkRed vfHko`fÙk dks O;Dr djrk gSA lkFk gh] vfHko`fÙk ifjorZu vkidks Hkkjr ljdkj us fons'k esa rsy daiuh dh fufonk
gh bl izdj.k dk izHkkoh lekèkku gks ldrk gSA çkIr djus ds fy;s Hkstk gSA ;g fufonk çkIr djuk Hkkjr
mÙkj % (a) bl izdj.k dks eSa fuEu izdkj ls ns[krk gw¡& ds jk"Vªh; fgrksa ds fy;s vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ gS rFkk blds
z xk¡o rFkk ifjokj esa oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k dk vHkko] èkkfeZd :f<+okn ekè;e ls u fliQZ Hkkjr dh fofHkUu vko';drkvksa dh
rFkk vaèkfo'okl dh mifLFkfr gSA iwfrZ gksxh vfirq vkfFkZd fodklkRed dk;ks± dks c<+kok
z 'kkSpky; iz;ksx ds lkekftd&vkfFkZd ykHkksa ds izfr tkx:drk
nsdj Hkkjr dh lao`f¼ dks çksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
dk vHkko gSA fdarq] vkidks ml ns'k esa tkdj irk pyrk gS fd ml ns'k
esa fcuk fj'or fn;s dksbZ Hkh dk;Z ugha fd;k tk ldrk
z [kqys esa 'kkSp (,d xyr vknr) dh lgt lkekftd Lohdk;Zrk gSA
gSA blh dkj.k vkidks ;g fufonk çkIr djus ds fy;s
z 'kkSpky; ds izfr udkjkRed vfHko`fÙk (iwokZxzg) gSA
fj'or nsuk gksxkA vki vius O;fDrxr thou esa mPp
z vuqjkx }kjk ikfjokfjd ncko esa ,d xyr vknr dks Lohdkjuk
ekuoh; ewY;ksa dk vuqlj.k djrs gSa vkSj fdlh Hkh dk;Z
mldh 'kkSpky; iz;ksx ds izfr de”kksj ldkjkRed vfHko`fÙk dks lapkyu ds fy;s Hkz"Vkpkj tSlh ço`fÙk dks egÙo ugha nsrs
O;Dr djrk gSA gSa] Hkys gh bl çdkj ds ewY;ksa esa O;fDrxr uqdlku Hkh gks
mÙkj % (b) mi;qZDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vuqjkx rFkk mlds ifjokj ,oa tk,A tcfd vU; ns'kksa ds vfèkdkjh Hkh fufonk çkIr djus
xk¡ookyksa dh vfHko`fÙk esa ifjorZu djuk vko';d gSA vfHko`fÙk ifjorZu ds fy;s fj'or nsus ds mís'; ls vk, gSaA vkidks irk gS
ds iz;klksa ds varxZr eSa tkÉoh dks fuEu lq>ko nwaxk& fd Hkkjr la;qDr jk"Vª Hkz"Vkpkj jksèkh vfHkle; dk
z 'kkSpky; ds izfr xk¡o o ifjokj dh vfHko`fÙk esa ifjorZu ds fy;s gLrk{kjdÙkkZ ns'k gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vki Hkkjr ljdkj
^vuqu;u* (Persuasion) dk iz;ksx djsA dks D;k lykg nsaxs vkSj D;ksa\ fo'ks"kr% tc vki ;g
z firkth èkkfeZd dkj.kksa ls 'kkSpky; dks cuokuk v'kqHk eku jgs tkurs gS a fd ;g ;ks t uk Hkkjr ds fgrks a ds fy;s
gSaA vr% buds fy;s fdlh ,sls oDrk (lans'k lzksr ds :i esa) dk egÙoiw.kZ gSA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)

603
 To meet the demands of India’s growing population and esjs }kjk nh xbZ mi;qZDr lykg ds ihNs eq[; dkj.k fuEu gSa&
for the efficient operation of industrial activities, there
z fj'or[kksjh okys varjkZ"Vªh; ysu&nsu {kf.kd :i ls jk"Vªh; fgr
is a crucial need and importance of energy. You are the
official of a big oil company of the Government of India
dks Hkys iksf"kr dj nsaxs] fdarq nh?kZdky esa gekjs varjkZ"Vªh; lacaèkksa
and you have been sent abroad by the government to ds vkèkkjHkwr fl¼karksa dks gkfu igq¡pkrs gSaA
secure a bid for the company. This tender is very z Hkz"Vkpkj ij vkèkkfjr ysu&nsu fdlh ns'k dh vkfFkZd] lkefjd
important for India's national interests; it will not only ;k fdlh vU; izdkj dh lao`f¼ dks lrr~ :i ls vkxs ugha c<+k
fulfill the various needs of India but also encourage
ldrkA
India’s growth by promoting economic developmental
activities. z pqukSfr;ksa dh orZeku oSf'od izÑfr (tSls& tyok;q ifjorZu]

But after arrival in that country, you have realized that vkradokn] Hkz"Vkpkj] vkfFkZd vijkèk] lkbcj [krjk) dk lkeuk
no work there can be accomplished without paying a lhfer jk"Vªh; fgr ds n`f"Vdks.k ls ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
bribe. Therefore, you will have to pay bribe to secure bl izdkj eSa Hkkjr ljdkj dks ml ns'k ds dkuwu esa iw.kZ fo'okl
this tender. You adhere to exalted human values in your
djus dk lq>ko nwaxk tgk¡ ;g fufonk izfØ;k laiUu gks jgh gSA lkFk
personal life and do not promote corruption for getting
work done even if it causes you a personal loss. Officials gh] Hkkjr ljdkj dks ;g lykg Hkh nw¡xk fd og fufonk izfØ;k dks
from other countries have come with a view to pay bribe laiUu djkus okys ns'k dks ;g izfØ;k 'kqfprkiw.kZ <ax ls lapkfyr djus
to get the tender. You are aware that India is a signatory ds fy;s izsfjr djsaA blls O;fDrxr ,oa varjkZ"Vªh; lacaèkksa esa uSfrdrk
to the United Nations Convention Against Corruption. dk ikyu gksxk rFkk jk"Vªh; ,oa varjkZ"Vªh; fgrksa dh j{kk gks ldsxhA
In these circumstances, what advice would you give to
the Indian government and why? Especially when you
iz'u% vki ^jk"Vªh; gfjr U;k;kfèkdj.k* eas vè;{k ds in ij
know that this project is important for India’s interests. dk;Zjr gSaA egkuxjksa eas ok;q iznw"k.k ds [krjukd Lrj dks
mÙkj% esjs vuqlkj mi;qZDr izdj.k esa O;fDrxr bZekunkjh rFkk ns[krs gq, ljdkj fuEufyf[kr dne mBkus ij fopkj dj
uSfrdrk cuke jk"Vªh; fgr ds fy;s fj'or vnk;xh vkSj jk"Vªh; fgr jgh gS vkSj bu mik;ksa dh O;ogk;Zrk ij vkidh lykg
ekaxrh gSA
cuke varjkZ"Vªh; lacaèkksa esa uSfrdrk tSlh uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡ fo|eku gSaA
(a) futh okguksa ds bLrseky dks grksRlkfgr djus gsrq izfr
dqN fo}ku varjkZ"Vªh; lacaèkksa esa jk"Vªh; fgrksa dks LFkk;h rFkk loksZifj
ekurs gq, budks fo'ks"k egÙo nsrs gSa D;ksafd jk"Vªh; fgrksa ds laj{k.k ifjokj ,d okgu dh lhek fuèkkZfjr djuk] jksM VSDl
esa Hkkjh c<+ksrjh djuk ,oa u, okguksa dh [kjhn ij
ls gh fdlh ns'k dh ljdkj dh jk"Vªh; Nfo curh gS rFkk ml ns'k
jksd yxkukA
ds ukxfjdksa dk dY;k.k gksrk gSA
(b) egkuxjksa esa lkekuksa dh vkiwfrZ djus okys lHkh Hkkjh
fdarq mijksDr n`f"Vdks.k dqN folaxfr;ksa dks O;Dr djrk gS]
okguksa dk izos'k fu"ksèk djukA
D;ksafd jk"Vªh; fgrksa dks egÙo nsus dh izfØ;k esa tc varjkZ"Vªh; lacaèkksa
(c) lHkh izdkj ds Mh”ky batuksa lfgr Mh”ky dh fcØh
dh uSfrdrk rFkk U;k;] fu"i{krk] lrr~ fodkl vkSj lerk tSls ewY;ksa
ij rRdky jksd yxkukA
dh mis{kk dh tkrh gS rks fo'o esa lkezkT;okn] mifuos'kokn ;k
(d) [ksrksa] ikdks±] lM+dksa ds vif'k"Vksa dks tykuk xSj&
laj{k.kokn tSlh LokFkZiw.kZ izfØ;k,¡ foLrkj ikrh gSa] ftldk vafre
”kekurh vijkèk ?kksf"kr djukA
ifj.kke ekuo rFkk ekuork ds fy;s gkfudkjd gksrk gSA
mijksDr lq>koksa ds xq.k&nks"kksa dk ijh{k.k djrs gq,
vr% mijksDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa eSa Hkkjr ljdkj ls fj'or[kksjh dh
vki ljdkj dks nh tkus okyh viuh lykg dh ppkZ
i`"BHkwfe esa lapkfyr bl fufonk izfØ;k dks rkRdkfyd lanHkZ esa jksddj
djsaA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
fufonk izfØ;k dh lR;rk dh vius Lrj ij xgu tk¡p dk vuqjksèk
You are working as chairperson of National Green
d:axkA tk¡p dh bl izfØ;k esa vius ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ls lykg Tribunal. Looking at the dangerous levels of air
yh tk ldrh gSA lkFk gh] fufonk izfØ;k ls tqM+h folaxfr;ksa dh pollution in major cities, the govt. is planning to take
tkudkjh bl izfØ;k dks ns[kus okys x`g ns'k ds mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa rFkk the following steps for which it is seeking your opinion
on their feasibility:
vU; izkfèkdj.kksa] tSls U;k;ikfydk vkfn dks nsus ds fy;s Hkkjr ljdkj
(a) Establishing a limit of one vehicle for one family,
ls vuqjksèk d:axkA blds vfrfjDr] Hkkjr ljdkj dks ;g ekax j[kus
heavily increasing road tax and prohibiting the
dk Hkh lq>ko nwaxk fd tks ns'k bl izfØ;k ls tqM+s varjkZ"Vªh; dkuwuksa purchase of new vehicles to dis-incentivite the use
dk mYya?ku djrs gSa mUgsa dkyh lwph esa Mkyus dh ekax djsA of privates vehicle.

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 (b) Putting a ban on entry of all heavy vehicles which z lkoZtfud ifjogu dh fLFkfr esa lqèkkj dj mls fo'oLrjh; cukuk
bring various commodities in major cities. rkfd yksx lkoZtfud ifjogu dk iz;ksx djus ds fy;s izsfjr gksaA
(c) Prohibiting sale of all types of diesel engines and
z gfjr] rduhd dks c<+kok nsuk rFkk bls {ks=k esa vuqlaèkku ,oa 'kksèk
diesel fuel with immediate effect.
(d) Declaring the burning of waste material of fields, dks izsfjr djukA
parks and roads a non-bailable crime. z yksxksa dh vfHko`fÙk eas ifjorZu ykus ds fy;s O;kogkfjd euksfoKku
Examining the pros and cons of the above mentioned dk iz;ksx djuk rkfd yksx iznw"k.k de djus esa lfØ;
steps, discuss your suggestions to the government.
Hkwfedk fuHkk,¡A
mÙkj% orZeku esa uxjhdj.k ds nq"izHkko rFkk vfu;fer o dqicz fa èkr
iz'u% futh vLirkyksa ds fo"k; esa yksxksa dh vkeèkkj.kk lkekU;r%
fodkl us egkuxjksa esa iznw"k.k dh fLFkfr dks vR;fèkd Hk;kog cuk
;g curh tk jgh gS fd&
fn;k gSA fnYyh tSls 'kgj lfnZ;k¡ vkrs gh xSl pSEcj esa ifjofrZr gks
(a) futh vLirky vius is'kkxr uSfrd ewY;ksa dks Hkwy pqds
tkrs gSaA ,sls esa blds fu;a=k.k ds fy;s vfoyac Bksl dne mBk, tkus
dh vko';drk gSA ^jk"Vªh; gfjr U;k;kfèkdj.k* esa vè;{k ds :i esa gSa rFkk vkfFkZd ykHk ds fy;s muds }kjk viuk, tk
dk;Zjr jgrs gq, eSa mijksDr fodYiksa ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr lykg jgs vuSfrd ,oa vuqfpr rkSj&rjhds vkijkfèkd ÑR;
nsuk izklafxd le>rk gw¡& curs tk jgs gSaA
mÙkj % (a) izfr ifjokj ,d okgu dh lhek fuèkkZfjr djuk ,d (b) futh vLirkyksa dh euekuh ,oa vekuoh; O;ogkjksa ds
csgrj fodYi gks ldrk gSA blls lM+dksa ij futh okguksa dh la[;k fy;s izHkkoh fu;e&dkuwuksa ds lkFk&lkFk l{ke fu;ked
esa deh vk,xhA blh izdkj jksM VSDl eas Hkkjh c<+ksrjh ls Hkh okguksa laLFkkvksa dk vHkko f”kEesnkj gSA
dh la[;k esa deh vk,xhA lkFk gh u, okguksa dh [kjhn ij jksd Hkh vki LokLF; foHkkx esa izèkku lfpo ds in ij dk;Zjr gSaA
okguksa dh la[;k dks de djsxkA gky ds fnuksa esa] lekpkj dh lqf[kZ;k¡ cu jgh esfMdy is'ks
;s dne okguksa dh la[;k dks de dj iznw"k.k fu;a=k.k esa dqN dks 'keZlkj djus okyh f'kdk;rksa ,oa bl lacaèk eas yksxksa
gn rd rks l{ke gSa ijarq budh viuh dbZ lhek,¡ gSaA jksM VSDl esa dh mijksDr èkkj.kk ds vkyksd esa vki D;k lqèkkjkRed
Hkkjh c<+ksrjh ls lkoZtfud ifjogu Hkh eg¡xk gksxk ftldk izHkko dne mBk,axs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
vke tuthou ij iM+sxkA fiQj futh okguksa dh la[;k lhfer djus The general opinion of people towards private hospitals
ls igys lkoZtfud ifjogu dh fLFkfr esa egÙoiw.kZ lqèkkj djuk now a days is:
vko';d gSA (a) Private hospitals have forgotten their professional
moral values and are employing immoral and illegal
mÙkj % (b) egkuxjksa esa lkekuksa dh vkiwfrZ djus okys lHkh Hkkjh means for commercial gains leading to criminal acts.
okguksa dk izos'k fu"ksèk djus ls Hkh iznw"k.k dks dqN gn rd fu;af=kr (b) The high handedness and inhuman conduct of
fd;k tk ldrk gS] rFkkfi blls lkoZtfud vkiwfrZ nq"izHkkfor gksxh private hospitals is an outcome of the lack of
ftldk izHkko vke tuthou ij iM+sxkA effective rules & regulations and competent
regulatory agencies.
mÙkj % (c) lHkh izdkj ds Mh”ky batuksa lfgr Mh”ky dh fcØh
You are posted as Principal Secretary is Health
ij rRdky jksd yxkus ls iznw"k.k rks fu;af=kr gksxk ijarq ;g ,d
department. What corrective measures would you take
vO;kogkfjd dne gksxk D;ksafd orZeku esa Mh”ky batu ij okguksa dh in backdrop of news headlines regarding the complaints
fuHkZjrk dkiQh vfèkd gS blfy;s csgrj gksxk fd blesa Øfed :i ls bringing dishonor to medical profession and the above
deh djrs gq, bZ&okguksa ds ç;ksx dks çksRlkfgr fd;k tk,A mentioned assumptions of the people?
mÙkj % (d) [ksrksa] ikdks±] lM+dkas ds vif'k"Vksa dks tykus dh mÙkj% ns'k esa lkoZtfud fpfdRlk O;oLFkk dh cngky fLFkfr
xfrfofèk;ksa dks xSj&”kekurh vijkèk ?kksf"kr djus ls Hkh iznw"k.k dks yksxksa dks futh fpfdRldksa vkSj vLirkyksa dh 'kj.k esa tkus dks etcwj
fu;af=kr djus esa lgk;rk feysxh D;ksafd iznw"k.k dk ,d cM+k dkj.k djrh gSA futh vLirkyksa dh euekuh ls iwjk ns'k Hkyh&Hkk¡fr ifjfpr
vif'k"Vksa dks tykus ls fudyus okyk èkqvk¡ gSA ijarq bleas Hkh cnyko gSA budk ,dek=k mís'; ykHk dekuk gS vkSj turk dh lsok ls budk
ds fy;s Øfed iz;kl fd;s tkus dh vko';drk gS] u fd ,dk,d dksbZ ljksdkj ugha gSA ;s vLirky lkekU; ls jksxksa ds fy;s Hkh vR;fèkd
bls ,d laxhu xSj&”kekurh vijkèk ?kksf"kr dj nsukA eg¡xh nokb;k¡] vuko';d tk¡p] xSj&”k:jh gksus ij Hkh ltZjh rFkk
blls vfrfjDr iznw"k.k fu;a=k.k ds dqN vU; iz;kl Hkh fd;s tk vkbZ-lh-;w (ICU) esa jksxh dks HkrhZ dj ,d eksVh jde olwyus dk
ldrs gSa] tSls& dksbZ ekSdk ugha NksM+rsA
605
 bruk gh ugha dbZ ckj rks ;s vLirky brus ?k`f.kr vekuoh; z ljdkjh iz;klksa ds lacaèk esa tutkx:drk iSQyk, tkus dh
dk;Z djrs gSa ftlls iwjh ekuork 'keZlkj gks tkrh gSA xSj&dkuwuh :i vko';drk gSA
ls vax izR;kjksi.k] jksxh ds e`r gksus ij Hkh fcy cukus ds fy;s mls z lcls c<+dj ;g le>us dh vko';drk gS fd fpfdRlk egt
,MfeV djuk rFkk dbZ ckj FkksM+s iSlksa dh deh ds dkj.k jksxh ds ,d O;olk; ugha cfYd ekuork dh lsok gSA fpfdRldksa dks
bykt ls lkiQ budkj dj nsukA fu"d"kZ :i esa dg ldrs gSa fd Hkxoku dk :i ekuk tkrk gSA vr% fpfdRldksa esa izkjaHk ls gh
fpfdRlk ns'k esa vkt ,d ,slk xksj[kèkaèkk cuk x;k gS ftlesa vke fpfdRldh; uSfrdrk ds vuq:i vfHko`fÙkd cnyko ds iz;kl
turk viuh tek iwath yqVkdj Hkh vPNk LokLF; ugha izkIr dj ik fd;s tkus pkfg;saA bl vfHko`fÙk dks fpfdRlh; f'k{kk ds vfHkUu
jgh gSA bl cngky fLFkfr ds fy;s ge fuEufyf[kr dkj.kksa dks f”kEesnkj vax ds :i esa LFkkfir fd;s tkus dh vko';drk gSA
eku ldrs gSa& iz'u% vki j{kk ea=kky; esa lSU; lk”kks&lkeku dh [kjhn ds ekeys
z lkoZtfud fpfdRlk O;oLFkk dh [kLrk gkyrA ns'k esa fpfdRlk esa ofj"B vfèkdkjh gSaA lsuk dks fo'oLrjh; fjokWYojksa dh
ij lkoZtfud fuos'k thMhih dk egt 1% gSA i;kZIr lalkèku rRdky vko';drk ds vkyksd esa ljdkj }kjk VsaMj tkjh
o volajpuk ds vHkko esa yksx e”kcwju futh {ks=k dh 'kj.k esa fd;k x;k gS] ftl ij dbZ daifu;ksa us vius mRiknksa dks
tkrs gSaA cspus dk izLrko vkids le{k izLrqr fd;k gSA lkFk gh]
vkids ,d fe=k ds lacaèkh us Hkh blds fy;s izLrko is'k
z futh vLirky o fpfdRldksa dks fu;fer o fu;af=kr djus okys
fd;k gS vkSj vki mlds mRikn dh mPp xq.koÙkk ,oa
Li"V fu;e&dkuwuksa dk vHkkoA
ewY;&izHkkfork ls larq"V gaSA vki ,d bZekunkj vfèkdkjh
z fpfdRldksa rFkk vLirky izcaèku ds uSfrd ewY;ksa dk {kj.kA gSa ysfdu vkids gh ,d fj'rsnkj ij Hkz"Vkpkj ds ,d
z nok daifu;ksa] vLirkyksa rFkk fpfdRldksa dk xBtksM+ tksfd bl xaHkhj ekeys esa vfHk;ksx py jgk gS] ftl dkj.k vki
fn'kk esa gq, dqN ljdkjh iz;klksa dks Hkh vizHkkoh cuk nsrk gSA mDr j{kk [kjhn ekeys eas fu.kZ; ysus esa [kqn dks uSfrd
z vKkurk] vf'k{kk o tkx:drk dk vHkko Hkh bl fLFkfr ds fy;s nqfoèkk dh fLFkfr eas ikrs gSaA
cgqr gn rd f”kEesnkj gSA bl nqfoèkk dk lkeuk vki oSQls djsaxs\ bl ifjfLFkfr eas
lqèkkjkRed mik; vkidh D;k izfrfØ;k gksxh\ vius fu.kZ; ds vkSfpR; dk
ijh{k.k djsaA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z fpfdRlk ds {ks=k esa lkoZtfud fuos'k c<+k;k tk,A bl lacaèk esa You are a senior officer in Defence Ministry responsible
gky gh esa uhfr vk;ksx }kjk vius ¶fo”ku i=k¸ esa fn;s x, lq>ko for buying military equipments. The military requires
egÙoiw.kZ gSaA world class revolvers immediately for which government
has come out with a tender on which many companies
z futh vLirkyksa dh dk;Z&iz.kkyh ds lacaèk esa ,d csgrj fofu;ked have submitted their proposals. A relative of your friend
ra=k dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk,A fofu;ked laLFkk i;kZIr 'kfDr'kkyh has also submitted a proposal and you are satisfied with
gks] jktuhfrd gLr{ksiksa ls eqDr gks rFkk blesa lHkh fgrèkkjdksa the quality and value proposition of his product. You
are an honest officer but one of your relative is facing
dh Hkkxhnkjh gks] fo'ks"k :i ls vke turk vkSj bl {ks=k esa dk;Z
prosecution in a corruption case due to which you find
djus okys ,u-th-vks- (NGO) dhA yourself in a moral dilemma while taking a decision in
z fofu;kedksa }kjk ikjnf'kZrk ij cy fn;k tkuk pkfg;sA vLirkyksa this particular case.
dks Li"V :i ls vius fpfdRlk iz.kkyh ds ekud njksa dh ppkZ How will you deal with this situation? What will be your
decision? Examine the rationality of your decision.
djuh pkfg;sA lkFk gh fofHkUu izdkj ds vLirkyksa esa [kpks± dh
mÙkj% nh xbZ ifjfLFkfr esa eq[; :i ls pkj fgrèkkjd gSa& (i)
,d izkekf.kd nj gksuh pkfg;s vkSj buesa fopyu rkfdZd gksuk
lsuk (ii) fofHkUu daifu;k¡ ftUgksaus VsaMj Hkjk (iii) esjs fe=k dk lacaèkh
pkfg;sA fofu;kedksa }kjk ekud njksa ls fopyu ds lacaèk esa fujarj
rFkk (iv) j{kk ea=kky; ds }kjk bl [kjhn ds fy;s fu;qDr ofj"B
tkudkjh izkIr dh tkuh pkfg;sA
vfèkdkjh ds :i esa eSaA
z ljdkj }kjk fpfdRlk chek ra=k dks izHkkoh o e”kcwr cuk, tkus z mDr ifjfLFkfr esa loZizeq[k uSfrd nqfoèkk esjh lR;fu"Bk ij
dh vko';drk gSA bl lacaèk esa if'peh ns'kksa ds ekWMy dks iz'ufpÉ mBus dh gSA pw¡fd esjs fe=k ds lacaèkh us VsaMj Hkjk gS
viuk;k tk ldrk gSA vkSj ;fn mUgsa ;s VsaMj izkIr gksrk gS rks dqN yksxksa }kjk vkifÙk
z fpfdRlk ds uke ij vekuoh; ÑR;ksa esa lafyIr vLirkyksa o mBkbZ tk ldrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa tcfd esjs fj'rsnkj ij Hkz"Vkpkj
fpfdRldksa ds fo#¼ l[r dkjZokbZ dh tkus dh O;oLFkk rFkk ds ekeys esa vfHk;ksx py jgk gS rks bl ckr dks vkSj rwy fn;s
blds fy;s ,d fuf'pr le;&lhek r; dh tkuh pkfg;sA tkus dh laHkkouk gSA

606
 z vr% bl ifjfLFkfr esa eSa VsaMj ds fy;s [kqyh cksyh dh O;oLFkk o NksVh cgu dh gR;k dj nhA blh izdkj dh vU; ?kVuk,¡ ns'k ds
djokmaQxkA VsaMj dh izfØ;k ds lacaèk esa Li"V tkudkjh ea=kky; fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa ns[kus&lquus dks feyrh jgrh gSaA
dh osclkbV ij miyCèk djokmaQxkA lkFk gh fooj.k esa bl ckr nh xbZ ifjfLFkfr ,d laosnu'khy iz'u dks mifLFkr djrh gSA
dh Li"V tkudkjh iznku d:axk fd fdu vkèkkjksa ij fdlh VsaMj ,d rjiQ ,d eklwe cPps dh gR;k ds ekeys esa vkjksih dks l”kk
dks vU; dh rqyuk esa vfèkd ojh;rk nh tk,xhA rFkk ihfM+r i{k dks U;k; feyuk pkfg;s rks ogha] nwljh vksj fd'kksj
blds lkFk gh ,d fo'ks"kK lfefr] ftlesa j{kk rduhd ls tqM+s ds Hkfo"; dks Hkh è;ku esa j[kk tkuk pkfg;s vkSj mls lqèkjus dk ,d
yksx gkas] dk fuekZ.k d:axk] tks fjokWYoj dh xq.koÙkk rFkk ewY; izHkkfork ekSdk feyuk pkfg;sA
dh fu"i{k tk¡p dj fjiksVZ izLrqr djsaxsA bl fjiksVZ ds vkèkkj ij ftl mDr ekeys esa dksbZ fu.kZ; nsus ls iwoZ eSa fuEufyf[kr ckrksa ij
daiuh dks VsaMj nsus dh vuq'kalk dh tk,xh] eSa mlh daiuh dks VsaMj è;ku nw¡xk&
fn;s tkus dh vuq'kalk d:axkA z Nk=k dh ekufld fLFkfr Bhd gS ;k ughaA blds fy;s ,d
bu vkèkkjksa ij ;fn esjs lacaèkh dh daiuh ik=k gksrh gS rks eSa mls euksfpfdRld }kjk tk¡p dh O;oLFkk djokmaQxkA
gh VsaMj fn;s tkus dh vuq'kalk d:axk vU;Fkk ughaA Hkfo"; esa bl z fdu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Nk=k us gR;k dh\ D;k ;g ghV vkWiQ n
VsaMj dks ysdj dksbZ vkjksi u yxs rFkk vU; dksbZ fookn u jgs blfy;s eksesaV (Heat of the Moment) ;k iwoZ rS;kjh ij vkèkkfjr Fkk\
bl VsaMj ds fy;s fofHkUu daifu;ksa }kjk Hkjs x, fooj.kksa dh tkudkjh z Nk=k dks vius ÑR; ij nq%[k vkSj 'kksd gS ;k ugha\
eSa ea=kky; dh osclkbV ij miyCèk djokus dk iz;kl d:axkA z Nk=k ds pfj=k esa lqèkkj dh laHkkoukvksa dk Hkh vè;;u fd;k
bl izdkj ,d Li"V o ikjn'khZ izfØ;k ds ekè;e ls eSa lSU; tkuk pkfg;s vkSj mlh ds vuq:i fu.kZ; fy;k tkuk pkfg;sA
[kjhn ds dk;Z dks iw.kZ d:axk rkfd Hkz"Vkpkj ;k fookn dh dksbZ fd'kksjksa dh fgald izo`fÙk;k¡ vkSj Ldwy esa fgalk ds fy;s dbZ dkj.k
laHkkouk u jgsA mÙkjnk;h gSaA izeq[k dkj.kksa dks ge fuEufyf[kr :i esa ns[k ldrs gSa&
iz'u% ,d cM+s futh Ldwy esa 5 lky ds ,d eklwe cPps dh z ;fn Hkkjrh; lanHkZ esa ns[ksa rks ijofj'k dh leL;k ,d izeq[k
gR;k ds ekeys esa tk¡p ,tsalh us mlh Ldwy ds ,d fd'kksj dkj.k ds :i esa mHkj dj lkeus vk jgh gSA orZeku le; esa
Nk=k dks vfHk;qDr ik;k gSA vkjksih Nk=k fd'kksj ,oa o;Ld ekrk&firk nksuksa ^ofd±x* gSa vkSj ,dy ifjokj dk izpyu c<+k
voLFkk dh ngyh”k ij [kM+k gSA ihfM+r i{k dh ekax gS gS ftlls cPpksa esa ,dkdhiu o dqaBk c<+h gSA
fd vkjksih dks o;Ld ekurs gq, ml ij naMkRed dkjZokbZ z rduhd dk dqizHkko ,d vU; izeq[k dkj.k gSA baVjusV o eksckby
dh tk,] tcfd vkjksih i{k ,oa dbZ ekuokfèkdkj laxBuksa xsEl rFkk fgald fiQYeksa] ohfM;ks vkfn us cky eu dks xgjs Lrj
dh ekax gS fd mls fd'kksj ekurs gq, mnkj ,oa lqèkkjkRed ij nq"izHkkfor fd;k gSA
dkjZokbZ dh tk,A ;g ekeyk tqosukby dksVZ esa vkids z Mªx rFkk ,Ydksgy dh yr us Hkh fd'kksjksa dks fgald rFkk mxz
le{k fopkj ds fy;s vkrk gS] tgk¡ vki U;k;kèkh'k gSaA cukus esa viuh Hkwfedk vnk dh gSA
mDr ekeys ds fu.kZ;u esa vki fdu&fdu i{kksa ij è;ku z blds vfrfjDr fpark] bZ";kZ] ghu Hkkouk] Øksèk vkfn udkjkRed
nsaxs vkSj D;ksa\ ,sls gknlksa ds fy;s vki fdls mÙkjnk;h Hkkoukvksa us Hkh ;qokvksa o fd'kksjksa dks fgald cukus dk dk;Z
ekurs gSa\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) fd;k gSA
In a case of murder of a 5 year old in a big private school, z cPpksa ij isjsaV~l dh egÙokdka{kkvksa dk vfrfjDr nckoA
the investigating agencies found an adolescent student
z fodflr ns'kksa esa [krjukd gfFk;kjksa rd vklku igq¡p rFkk
of the same school to be the accused. The accused student
is on the verge of adulthood. The victims family are
fodkl'khy ns'kksa dh ypj dkuwu o U;k; O;oLFkk us Hkh vizR;{k
demanding that the accused must be treated as adult :i ls blesa ;ksxnku fn;k gSA
and punished accordingly while the accused’s family fu;a=.k ds mik;
and many human rights organisations are demanding
that he should be treated as a juvenile for the z lcls igys cPpksa dh ijofj'k ij è;ku fn;s tkus dh vko';drk
proceedings. This matter comes up before you in a gSA ekrk&firk] cPpksa ds lkFk le; O;rhr djsa] muls laokn
juveniles count where you are the Judge. In deciding LFkkfir dj muds ruko] fpark] ekufld daqBk vkfn dks izse o
the above case which factor will you consider and why? Lusg ls nwj djus dk iz;kl djsaA
Whom would you hold responsible for such incidents?
z cPpksa ij isjsaV~l viuh egÙokdka{kkvksa dk vfrfjDr ncko u
mÙkj% gky ds fnuksa esa fd'kksjksa dh fgald izo`fÙk esa dkiQh mHkkj cuk,¡A cky euksfoKku dks le>rs gq, cPpksa dh vuko';d rqyuk
ns[kus dks fey jgk gSA uks,Mk esa ,d ckjgoha d{kk ds cPps us nwljh u djsaA tgk¡ rd laHko gks cPpksa dkss ilan ds {ks=k esa gh dWfj;j
d{kk ds cPps dh gR;k dj nh_ uks,Mk esa ,d fd'kksj us viuh ek¡ cukus ds fy;s izksRlkfgr djsaA
607
 z baVjusV] eksckby] xsEl vkfn ij è;ku nsrs gq, cPpksa ij csgrj z mu {ks=kksa esa tks efgykvksa dh lqj{kk ds fy;s xaHkhj pqukSrh mRiUu
fuxjkuh j[ksaA djrs gSa ogk¡ iqfyl x'rh rFkk vU; lqj{kk mik; ds iz;kl d:axhA
z ?kj ij cPpksa ds le{k ekrk&firk u yM+sa rFkk ,d [kq'kuqek z dkedkth efgykvksa rFkk nsj rd ckgj jgus okyh efgykvksa dh
okrkoj.k miyCèk djk,¡A lqj{kk dk fo'ks"k micaèk djus dk iz;kl d:axhA laosnu'khy {ks=kksa
z Ldwyksa esa ,d l{ke o e”kcwr vuq'kklukRed ra=k dk fuekZ.k esa lh-lh-Vh-oh- (CCTV) dh O;oLFkk d:axhA
fd;k tk, rFkk isjsaV~l Hkh blesa ldkjkRed lg;ksx nsaA z cky fyaxkuqikr eas lqèkkj ds fy;s Hkh dbZ Lrj ij iz;kl d:axhA
z blds vfrfjDr Ldwyksa rFkk Ldwy esa izk;ksftr dk;ZØeksa esa ,d p¡fw d Hkz.w k gR;k ,d dkuwuh vijkèk gS] vr% ,sls dk;ksZ esa fyIr
l{ke o ^vi Vw MsV* lqj{kk O;oLFkk gksuh pkfg;s] tks ifjlj esa MkWDVjks]a vLirkyksa rFkk vU; yksxksa ds fo#¼ l[r dk;Zokgh d:axhA
izos'k ls iwoZ Nk=kksa dh Bhd ls tk¡p djs rFkk fdlh izdkj ds z efgykvksa dh f'k{kk] lqj{kk] vkRefuHkZjrk] dkS'ky fodkl ds fy;s
gfFk;kj vkfn ds ifjlj esa izos'k dks oftZr djsA fo'ks"k iz;kl d:axh rFkk bl fn'kk eas dk;Z djus okys NGO dh
iz'u% vkidks f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i eas ,d ,sls f”kys dk inHkkj Hkh enn yh tk ldrh gSA
lkSaik x;k gS tks efgykvksa ds izfr vijkèkksa esa ml jkT; esa z yksxksa dh vfHko`fÙk esa ifjoÙkZu ds fy;s O;kogkfjd euksfoKku dk
'kh"kZ LFkku ij gSA og f”kyk iq#"koknh lkekftd tM+rk ls lgkjk fy;k tk ldrk gSA lekt ds dqN ,sls izfrf"Br yksx tks
cqjh rjg xzLr gS] ogk¡ ckfydk f'k'kq e`R;qnj mPp gS] efgyk l'kDrhdj.k ds leFkZd gSa] dh lgk;rk ls yksxksa dh
fyaxkuqikr fuEu gS rFkk ifjokj esa efgykvksa&ckfydkvksa eukso`fÙk eas ifjorZu ykus dk iz;kl fd;k tk ldrk gSA
dh nks;e fLFkfr gSA vki ,d [kqys fopkjksa okyh fuMj z efgyk l'kDrhdj.k dh vko';drk rFkk ykHkksa ij lsfeukj dk
efgyk vfèkdkjh gSa ,oa fdlh Hkh izdkj ds ySafxd foHksn vk;kstu fd;k tk ldrk gS] ftlesa fofHkUu {ks=kksa dh dqN izeq[k
dks xyr ekurh gSaA vki efgykvksa dh lqj{kk ,oa muds liQy efgykvksa dks cqykdj yksxksa dks izsfjr djus dk iz;kl fd;k
fodkl gsrq dbZ dne mBkrh gaS] ysfdu vkidks lekt dk tk ldrk gSA
lg;ksx ugha fey jgk gS vkSj iz'kklfud ra=k Hkh mnklhu z iz'kklfud ra=k dks viuh f”kEesnkfj;ksa dk vkHkkl djkus dk iz;kl
joS;k viuk, gq, gSA mDr ifjfLFkfr esa vki lekt dh d:axhA
eukso`fÙk esa ifjorZu ykus ,oa efgykvksa dks fodkl dh
z ehfM;k dk Hkh lgkjk fy;k tk ldrk gSA
eq[;èkkjk ls tksM+us gsrq D;k igy djsaxh\
iz'u% vki dsanzh; fo'ofo|ky; esa lgk;d izkè;kid ds :i esa
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
dk;Zjr gSaA vki viuh ,d lgdehZ ds izfr vkdf"kZr gSa
You have been given charge as District collector of a district
which holds the top rank in the state in number of crimes vkSj mls fookg dk izLrko nsrs gSaA og [kq'kh&[kq'kh bls
committed against women. This district is known for its Lohdkj dj ysrh gSA vkids bl fu.kZ; dks vki nksuksa ds
partriarchal mindset and secondary status of women ifjokj okys Hkh [kq'kh&[kq'kh lgefr iznku dj nsrs gSaA ,d
reflected in high rate of female infant mortality and a low fnu jkf=k Hkkstu ds fy;s og vkidks vius ?kj ij vkeaf=kr
sex ratio. You are an open-minded, brave women officer
djrh gS vkSj vkidks vius ekrk&firk o HkkbZ&cgu ls
who considers any kind of gender discrimination to be
wrong. You take many steps for women’s security and feyokrh gSA vkidks lcdk O;ogkj dkiQh vPNk o vkReh;
development but are not getting desired cooperation from yxrk gSA Hkkstu ds mijkar og vkidks ?kj fn[kkus ys tkrh
the society compounded by the cold response from the gSA ?kj ds ,d dksus esa vkidks NksVk lk dejk fn[krk gS
administrative setup. In such a situation what steps will tks ?kj ds ckdh fgLlksa dh rqyuk esa dkiQh xank o
you initiate to bring about change in societal mindset and
vLr&O;Lr gS vkSj mlds Hkhrj ls vkidks ,d cw<+h efgyk
to bring women into development mainstream?
ds [kk¡lus dh vkok”k lqukbZ nsrh gSA vkids iwNus ij og
mÙkj% nh xbZ ifjfLFkfr Hkkjr ds dbZ {ks=kksa dh okLrfod rLohj crkrh gS fd cw<+h vkSjr mldh nknh gS tks ekufld :i
is'k djrh gSA vkt 21oha lnh esa Ms<+ n'kd ls vfèkd le; chr ls chekj gS vkSj lcdks ijs'kku djrh gS] blfy;s mUgsa
tkus ds ckn Hkh Hkkjr ds dbZ Hkkxksa esa efgykvksa dks nks;e ntsZ dk vyx j[kk tkrk gSA tc vki Lo;a mldh nknh ls feyrs
LFkku izkIr gSA lekurk dh ckr rks nwj dbZ ckj muds lkFk vR;ar gh gSa vkSj ckr djrs gSa rks ikrs gSa fd og ,dne lkekU; gSA
Øwj vekuoh; O;ogkj gksrk gSA mDr ifjfLFkfr eas lekt dh eukso`fÙk ckrksa&ckrkas esa vkidks ;g Hkh irk pyrk gS fd ifjokj
eas ifjorZu ykus ,oa efgykvksa dks fodkl dh eq[;èkkjk ls tksM+us ds okys muds lkFk ,dne mnklhu o misf{kr O;ogkj
fy;s eSa fuEu igy d:axh& djrs gSaA
z lcls igys efgykvksa ds fo#¼ vijkèk dks fu;af=kr djus ds (a) bl iwjs izdj.k dks vki fdl :i esa ns[krs gSa\
fy;s dM+s dne mBkÅaxhA ,sls vijkèkksa esa lafyIr nksf"k;ksa ds fo#¼ (b) mDr izdj.k ds vkyksd esa gekjs ns'k esa o`¼ksa dh
e”kcwr xokg rFkk lcwr is'k djrs gq, iQkLV VªSd fuiVku dk leL;k ij laf{kIr fVIi.kh djsa vkSj blds lekèkku ds
iz;kl d:axhA mik; Hkh lq>k,¡A  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)

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 You are working as an Assistant Professor in a Central z Lusg rFkk vkReh; lg;ksx dk vHkko% cq”kqxks± dh ,d vU;
University. You are attracted to one of your women izeq[k leL;k gS tks NksVs&cM+s Lrj ij yxHkx gj ifjokj esa vkt
colleagues and propose marriage to her. She accepts it
and both the families also give their consent. One day, ns[kus dks fey jgh gSA
she invites you to her home for dinner and introduces z o`¼ksa dk frjLdkj o vuknj ,d cM+h ikfjokfjd o lkekftd
you to her mother, father and siblings. You find their leL;k ds :i esa mHkjdj lkeus vkbZ gSA
behaviour quite pleasing and affectionate. After dinner
z blds vfrfjDr o`¼ksa ds izfr c<+rs vijkèk Hkh gky ds o"kks± esa
your fiancée shows you the house. You come across a
small room in a corner of the house which is very much ,d izeq[k leL;k ds :i esa lkeus vk, ftudh vko`fÙk igys
dirty and in disarray and you hear an old woman dh rqyuk esa dkiQh c<+h gSA
coughing from inside that room. On asking, your fiancée cq”kqxZ gekjs ifjokj o lekt ds vkèkkj LraHk gSaA ;fn vkèkkj
tells you that the old woman is her grandmother who is
mentally ill and troubles everyone, and therefore she de”kksj gksxk rks gekjk lekt Hkhrj ls [kks[kyk gksrk tk,xk] blfy;s
has been kept in isolation. When you meet and talk to vkt vko';drk gS cq”kqxks± ds izfr laons u'khy o lg;ksxkRed O;ogkj dhA
her grandmother, you find her to be absolutely normal. z Lusg o izse dh ehBh ckr cq”kqxks± esa thus dh vkl o pkg c<+krh
During this conversation you also realise that the family
treats her badly and completely undervalues her.
gSA vr% Lusg o vkReh; O;ogkj cq”kqxks± ds izfr gekjh lPph
(a) How do you see this whole issue? J¼k o lEeku gksxkA
(b) In the light of aforementioned case, comment upon z vius ijaijkxr lkekftd o ikfjokfjd ewY;ksa ds izfr yksxksa dks
the problems faced by senior citizens in our country tkx:d cuk;k tkuk pkfg;sA
and suggest some measures to tackle it. z cq”kqxks± ds LokLF; o lqj{kk ds csgrj izcaèk fd;s tkus dh
mÙkj % (a) mDr izdj.k gekjs lkekftd o ikfjokfjd ewY;ksa esa vko';drk gSA
vk, ßkl dks n'kkZrk gSA orZeku le; esa o`¼ksa dk vlEeku] ,dkdhiu z vkfFkZd :i ls cq”kqxks± dks vkRefuHkZj cukus ds fy;s o`¼koLFkk
o muds izfr vlaons u'khy O;ogkj lekt dh ,d cM+h leL;k ds :i isa'ku dk nk;jk c<+k;k tk,A
esa mHkjdj lkeus vk;k gSA thou dh HkkxnkSM+ esa cq”kqxks± dh mis{kk yxkrkj iz'u% vki ,d izfrf"Br fo'ofo|ky; esa lekt'kkL=k o lkekftd
c<+rh tk jgh gSA Hkkjr esa la;Dq r ifjokj O;oLFkk dk pjejkuk cq”kqx± ksa U;k; ds izkè;kid gSaA xtsanz tks'kh o lq[khjke ?kfu"B fe=k
ds fy;s uqdlkunk;d lkfcr gqvk gSA orZeku HkkSfrdrkoknh laLÑfr ds gSa vkSj vkids fiz; Nk=k gSaA xtsanz rFkkdfFkr mPp tkfr ls
izlkj us Hkh bl leL;k dks c<+kus esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA vkrk gS vkSj lq[khjke nfyr oxZ lsA nksuksa izfrHkkoku o
mÙkj % (b) o"kZ 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vk¡dM+ksa ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr izxfr'khy fopkj okys gSaA ,d fnu nksuksa ds chp vkj{k.k
esa 60 o"kZ ls vfèkd vk;q ds yksxksa dk izfr'kr dqy tula[;k esa ds eqís ij rh[kh cgl gksrh gSA xtsanz dk dguk gS fd u
yxHkx 8.6 gSA tu&LokLF; lsokvksa esa lqèkkj ds dkj.k vkus okys o"kks± rks mlus vkSj u gh mlds ifjokj okyksa us dHkh tkfrxr
esa dqy tula[;k esa o`¼ tula[;k dk izfr'kr rs”kh ls c<+us dh mEehn vkèkkj ij fdlh ds lkFk dksbZ HksnHkko fd;kA mlds fe=kksa
gS tks vius lkFk dbZ leL;kvksa dks ysdj vk,xhA o`¼koLFkk dh viuh esa lHkh tkfr&oxZ ds yksx 'kkfey gaS] ftudh vkfFkZd fLFkfr
leL;k,¡ gSa tks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld LokLF; ls lacafèkr gSaA blds fdlh Hkh ekeys esa xtsanz ls [kjkc ugha gS] fiQj vkj{k.k
vfrfjDr Hkh dbZ vU; leL;k,¡ gSa tks cnyrs lkekftd&ikfjokfjd ds :i esa eg”k tkfr ds uke ij mlds lkFk HksnHkko D;ksa
ekunaMksa ds dkj.k mRiUu gks jgh gaS ftls ge fuEufyf[kr :iksa esa ns[k gksrk gS\ os nksuksa vkids ikl vkrs gSa vkSj bl eqís ij
ldrs gSa& vkids fopkj tkuuk pkgrs gSaA vkj{k.k ls lacafèkr uSfrd
z vdsysiu o i`FkDdj.k dh leL;k% orZeku ;qok ih<+h }kjk eqíksa dh ppkZ djrs gq, mijksDr fLFkfr ds lacaèk esa vius
o`¼ksa ds izfr mnklhu O;ogkj djuk rFkk muds vuqHkoksa] fopkjksa] fopkj izLrqr djsaA (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
ijke'kks± vkfn dh mis{kk djus ds dkj.k o`¼ Lo;a dks ifjokj o You are a professor in sociology and social justice at a
lekt dh eq[;èkkjk ls vyx&Fkyx ikrs gSaA bruk gh ugha dbZ prestigious University. Gajendra Joshi and Sukhiram
are best of friends and your favourite students.
ckj mUgsa ;k rks o`¼kJeksa esa j[kk tkrk gS ;k fiQj vdsys thou
Gajendra comes from so called upper caste section of
O;rhr djus dks ckè; gksuk iM+rk gSA gky ds n'kdksa esa ;g population while Sukhiram belongs to the Dalit
leL;k rs”kh ls c<+h gSA community. Both are talented and have progressive
z vkfFkZd fuHkZjrk rFkk ijkoyacu dh leL;k% dk;Z{kerk esa deh mindsets. One day both of them get into a heated debate
ds dkj.k o`¼ksa dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr izHkkfor gksrh ftlls mudh nwljksa on the issue of reservation. Gajendra says that neither
he nor his family has ever discriminated against
ij fuHkZjrk c<+rh gSA blds vfrfjDr c<+rh mez ds lkFk dbZ vU;
anybody on the basis of caste. He further states that
dk;ks± ds fy;s Hkh o`¼&tu ifjokj ds vU; lnL;ksa ij fuHkZj gksrs gSa people belonging to all castes are among his friends and
ijarq mUgsa mfpr lg;ksx o lgkjk ugha iznku fd;k tkrk gSA none of them have lower economic status as compared

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 to him but even then he is discriminated on the basis of gSaA tc vki {ks=k ds fdlkuksa ls feyrs gSa rks os bu ubZ Ñf"k
caste in the form of reservations. Both of them come to fofèk;ksa@rduhdksa dks ysdj iw.kZr% mnklhu fn[krs gSaA lkFk
you to know your opinion on this issue. Discussing the
ethical aspects related to reservation, put your views on
gh] dbZ yksx iqjkuh Ñf"k fofèk;ksa ds izfr :f<+oknh #[k
the aforementioned situation. izdV djrs gSaA vfèkdka'k yksxksa dk ekuuk gS fd os vkSj
mÙkj% lkekU;r% vkj{k.k ls rkRi;Z gS fdlh oxZ fo'ks"k] ftls muds iwoZt ges'kk ls [ksrh&fdlkuh djrs jgs gSa blfy;s
f'k{k.k laLFkku] ljdkjh ukSdjh] uhfr fuekZ.k vkfn esa tula[;k ds mUgsa [ksrh ds rjhds fl[kkus dh vko';drk ugha gSA tc
vuqikr esa mfpr izfrfufèkRo u izkIr gks] mlds izfrfufèkRo dks c<+kus vki vius ofj"B o vU; lg;ksfx;ksa ls ckr djrs gSa rks
ds fy;s dqN fj;k;rsa iznku djukA Lora=k Hkkjr ds bfrgkl esa vkj{k.k os vkidks vuko';d ruko u ysus vkSj CykWd fLFkr nÝrj
lokZfèkd fookfnr eqík jgk gSA blds leFkZdksa dk rdZ gS fd vkj{k.k esa cSBdj e”ks ysus dh lykg nsrs gSaA
us lfn;ksa iqjkuh tkfr O;oLFkk dks de”kksj djus dk dke fd;k gS (a) mDr ifjfLFkfr esa vkids ikl dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi
vkSj lkekftd U;k; LFkkfir fd;k gSA ogha] nwljh vksj vkj{k.k fojksfèk;ksa miyCèk gSa\ izR;sd ds xq.k&nks"kksa dh tk¡p djsaA
dk rdZ gS fd vkj{k.k us izfrHkk dks u”kjvankt fd;k gS vkSj lkFk (b) mijksDr ifjfLFkfr esa yksxksa dh vfHko`fÙk eas ifjorZu
gh lkekftd oSeuL;rk dks c<+k;k gSA vkj{k.k us dqN uSfrd iz'uksa ykus ds fy;s vki D;k iz;kl djsaxs\
dks tUe fn;k gS ftls ge fuEufyf[kr :i esa ns[k ldrs gSa&  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z D;k Hkwr dh xyfr;ksa ds fy;s orZeku ih<+h dks f”kEesnkj ekuk tk You have been appointed as agricultural development
ldrk gS\ officer in a remote block of a backward district. Even
z fdls vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ ekuk tk, lkekftd U;k; ;k izfrHkk ds though the land in this region is very fertile, yet the yield
per hectare is much lower than the average on account
lEeku dks\
of the use of outdated agricultural techniques. You meet
z D;k tkfr vkèkkfjr HksnHkko uSfrd gS\ the Panchayat heads of the area and provide them
mijksDr iz'uksa ds mÙkj nsus ls iwoZ ;g le> ysuk vko';d gS information on government schemes focused on the
fd dksbZ Hkh lekt ;k ra=k rc rd lqpk# :i ls dke ugha dj ldrk spread of new agricultural technology. Though the
tc rd fd mlds lHkh ukxfjdksa dks fodkl o izxfr dk leku Panchayat heads do not seem very excited about these
schemes but they do give assurance of full cooperation.
volj ugha feyrk gSA gekjs lekt esa tkfr vkèkkfjr HksnHkko lfn;ksa
When you meet the farmers of the area, they appear to
ls O;kIr jgk gS ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i lekt dk ,d cM+k rcdk be totally disinterested in making use of these new
fiNM+rk pyk x;k vkSj mlds fodkl o izxfr dh laHkkouk lhfer agricultural methods / techniques. You also see that the
gks xbZA ,sls esa lekt ds vU; oxks± dh ;g uSfrd f”kEesnkjh curh gS behaviour of many farmers is rude and majority of them
fd og ,sls fiNM+s oxks± dks lekt dh eq[; èkkjk esa ykus ds fy;s believe that they and their ancestors have been engaged
lfozQ; o ldkjkRed lg;ksx nsaA in farming since time immemorial and they need not
learn from anyone on how to do farming. When you
vkj{k.k dh ladYiuk blh ldkjkRed HksnHkko ij vkèkkfjr gSA inform your seniors and other colleagues about this
iqu% vkj{k.k dk ,d lkadsfrd egÙo Hkh gS tks fiNM+s rcdksa dk ra=k issue, they advise you not to take unnecessary stress and
esa fo'okl c<+krk gSA ijarq bu ldkjkRed igyqvksa ds ckn Hkh vkj{k.k enjoy life sitting at the block office.
ds jktuhrhdj.k us bls nq"izHkkfor fd;k gSA gky ds n'kdksa esa vkj{k.k (a) What are the options available to you in the above
lkekftd U;k; ls vfèkd jktuhfrd gFkdaMk cu x;k gS] ftlus situation? Examine the merits and demerits of each.
lkekftd lkSgknZ o oSeuL; dks Hkh c<+k;k gSA oLrqr% vkt vko';drk (b) What will you do to bring change in people's attitude
gS vkj{k.k ij [kqyh cgl dj bldh folaxfr;ksa dks nwj djus dh in the above situation?
rkfd okLrfod vFkks± esa ;g lkekftd U;k; lqfuf'pr dj ldsA mÙkj% Ñf"k vkt Hkh ns'k dk loZiez [q k O;olk; gS vkSj ;fn ns'k
iz'u% vkidh fu;qfDr Ñf"k fodkl vfèkdkjh ds :i esa ,d ds fodkl dks okLrfod vFkks± esa loZlekos'kh cukuk gS rks blds fy;s
fiNM+s f”kys ds lqnwj CykWd esa gksrh gSA bl {ks=k dh Hkwfe Ñf"k dk fodkl vfuok;Z 'krZ gSA ns'k esa Ñf"k ds fiNM+s gksus ds dbZ
dkiQh mitkÅ gS] fiQj Hkh iqjkuh Ñf"k rduhdksa ds mi;ksx dkj.k gSa ;Fkk& fuos'k dh deh] ljdkj dh mnklhurk] izk| S ksfxdh o
ds dkj.k izfr gsDVs;j mRiknu vkSlr ls dkiQh de gSA rduhdh dk vi;kZIr foLrkj] ifjorZu ds izfr yksxksa dh vfuPNk o
vki vius {ks=k ds iapk;r izeq[kksa ls feyrs gSa rFkk uohu mnklhurkA mijksDr dsl LVMh blh izdkj dh dqN leL;kvksa dks bafxr
Ñf"k rduhdksa ds izlkj ds lacaèk esa ljdkjh ;kstukvksa dh djrh gSA
tkudkjh nsrs gSaA ;|fi os bu ;kstukvksa ds izfr cgqr mÙkj % (a) mDr ifjfLFkfr esa esjs le{k fuEufyf[kr fodYi
mRlkfgr ugha fn[krs rFkkfi lg;ksx dk iwjk vk'oklu nsrs miyCèk gSa&

610
 z vius ofj"B o lgdfeZ;ksa dh ckr ekurs gq, CykWd nÝrj esa gh ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ls ckr djrh ga]S rks mUgsa pqi jgus dh
le; O;rhr djukA bldk ykHk ;g gksxk fd eq>s u rks vuko';d lykg nh tkrh gSA vk'kk fojksèk djrh gSa vkSj blls igys fd
ruko gksxk vkSj u gh bèkj&mèkj HkVdus dh ”k:jr gksxhA pw¡fd og dksbZ fu.kZ; ysrha mudk rcknyk dj fn;k tkrk gSA
ml {ks=k ds yksx Lo;a mnklhu o vfuPNqd gSa rks eSa csdkj dk (a) mijksDr dsl LVMh ds vkyksd esa ns'k ds dkjkx`gksa dh
ruko D;ksas yw¡A rFkkfi ;g ,d dÙkZO;fu"B O;fDr o vfèkdkjh ds vfu;ferrk ij laf{kIr fVIi.kh djsaA
:i esa esjs fy;s Lohdk;Z ugha gksxk vkSj blls dgha&u&dgha ns'k (b) bl ?kVuk ls vk'kk dk flLVe ij ls Hkjkslk mB tkrk
dk o`gÙkj fgr nq"izHkkfor gksxkA gS vkSj og vius in ls R;kxi=k nsus dk fu.kZ; ysrh
z fdlh vU; {ks=k esa LFkkukarj.k djk ysuk] tgk¡ yksxksa dk O;ogkj gaSA ,d fe=k ds :i eas vki vk'kk dks D;k lykg nsaxs\
lg;ksxkRed gksA bldk ykHk ;g gksxk fd eSa vius Kku dk lgh  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
mi;ksx djrs gq, Ñf"k o ns'k dh vFkZO;oLFkk esa ldkjkRed Asha Gopalan is a young IPS officer. She is appointed
as a jail superintendent in a jail where some influential
Hkwfedk fuHkk ikmQaxkA ijarq ;g fu.kZ; iyk;uokfnrk dks n'kkZrk gSA politicians and high profile criminals are serving their
leL;kvksa ls Hkkxuk lekèkku ugha gks ldrk gSA dgha&u&dgha ;g sentences. As soon as she takes charge, she comes to
fu.kZ; ns'k ds lok±xh.k o lekos'kh fodkl dks Hkh izHkkfor djsxkA know that VVIP facilities are being provided to
politicians and criminals in this jail and the prison has
z yksxksa dh vfHko`fÙk esa ifjorZu ykrs gq, mUgsa bu uohu Ñf"k become a hotel for them. Not only this, they can venture
rduhd ds iQk;nksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nsuk vkSj mUgsa bls viukus in and out of prison as and when they like. When Asha
ds fy;s izsfjr djukA gks ldrk gS izkjaHk esa yksx bls Lohdkj u informs senior officials about this, she is advised to
remain silent. Asha opposes this arrangement but before
djsa] rFkkfi èkhjs&èkhjs dqN yksx izHkkfor gksdj bls Lohdkj dj she can take any decision, she is transferred.
ldrs gSaA laHko gS fd dqN yksxksa dks izkIr gq, ldkjkRed ifj.kkeksa (a) In the light of the above case study comment briefly
ls vU; yksx Hkh izsfjr gksa vkSj uohu rduhd viuk,¡A ;fn eq>s on the irregularities in the country's prison system.
lhfer liQyrk Hkh feyrh gS rks Hkh ;g ,d larqf"Vnk;d fLFkfr (b) Due to the above mentioned situation Asha loses her
faith in the system and decides to resign from the
gksxh D;ksafd eSaus ,d ldkjkRed cnyko ds fy;s iz;kl fd;kA post. What advice would you give to Asha as her
esjs fopkj esa ;g loksZÙke fodYi gS vkSj esjs }kjk blh dk p;u friend?
fd;k tk,xkA mÙkj % (a) U;kf;d ra=k ds ,d vfHkUu vax ds :i esa dkjkx`gksa
mÙkj % (b) mijksDr ifjfLFkfr esa yksxksa dh vfHko`fÙk esa ifjorZu dk egÙo loZfofnr gS] rFkkfi dkjkx`gksa ls lacafèkr vfu;ferrk,¡ o
ykus ds fy;s fuEufyf[kr iz;kl fd;s tk ldrs gSa& budk dqizcaèku ,d ,slk eqík gS tks le;&le; ij ehfM;k fjiksVks±
z yksxksa dks ubZ rduhd ds ykHkksa ls voxr djkus ds fy;s vkl&ikl dh lqf[kZ;k¡ curk jgrk gS ijarq bldk dksbZ izHkkoh lekèkku vHkh rd
ds bykds esa tgk¡ bldk iz;ksx fd;k tk jgk gks] dk mnkgj.k ugha fudkyk tk ldk gSA dkjkx`gksa ls lacafèkr dqN izeq[k leL;kvksa
izLrqr djukA ds :i esa ge fuEufyf[kr dh x.kuk dj ldrs gSa&
z {ks=k ds dqN i<+s&fy[ks rFkk tkx:d yksxksa ds lg;ksx ls vU; z dkjkx`gksa dk {kerk ls vfèkd Hkjk gksuk rFkk tsy deZpkfj;ksa dh dehA
yksxksa dks le>kus dk iz;kl djukA z Hkz"Vkpkj o fj'or[kksjhA
z jsfM;ks] Vsyhfo”ku rFkk vU; lkèkuksa ds ekè;e ls tkx:drk ykus z dkjkx` g ks a es a dS f n;ks a ds fy;s vekuoh; fLFkfr fo'ks " kdj
dk iz;kl djukA blds fy;s uqDdM+ ukVd vkfn dk Hkh lgkjk lkekftd&vkfFkZd :i ls fiNM+s oxZ ls vkus okys dSfn;ksa ds fy;sA
fy;k tk ldrk gSA
,d fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj] nks&frgkbZ ls vfèkd dSnh tks Hkkjrh;
z ubZ rduhd ds iz;ksx ds fy;s yksxksa dks izsfjr djus gsrq iqjLdkj tsyksa esa can gSa os ^vaMj Vªk;y* eqdneksa ds varxZr gSaA buesa vfèkdka'k
o izksRlkgu dh Hkh O;oLFkk dh tk ldrh gSA dSnh lkekftd vkfFkZd :i ls fiNM+s oxks± ls vkrs gSaA dqy dSfn;ksa
iz'u% vk'kk xksikyu ,d ;qok vkbZih,l (IPS) vfèkdkjh gSAa dkjkxkj ds izfr'kr ds :i esa budh fgLlsnkjh dqy tula[;k esa buds izfr'kr
vèkh{kd ds :i esa mudh fu;qfDr ,d ,sls dkjkx`g esa gksrh ls dgha vfèkd gSA fiQj buesa ls ,d cM+h la[;k ,sls dSfn;ksa dh gS
gS tgk¡ dqN izHkkoh jktusrk o ckgqcyh vijkèkh l”kk dkV tks ^vaMjVªk;y* dSnh ds :i esa tsy esa bruk le; dkV pqds gksrs
jgs gSAa viuk dk;ZHkkj laHkkyrs gh vk'kk dks irk pyrk gS gSa] tks mudks feyus okyh vfèkd l”kk ls Hkh ”;knk gSA tsy esa
fd bl dkjkx`g esa jktusrkvksa rFkk vijkfèk;ksa dks oh-oh-vkbZ- Hkz"Vkpkj dk vkye ;g gS fd ;fn dksbZ cM+k ukephu vijkèkh ;k
ih lqfoèkk,¡ iznku dh tkrh gaS rFkk dkjkokl ,d izdkj ls lisQniks'k vijkèkh ;k jktusrk ftUgsa laxhu vijkèkksa ds fy;s l”kk lqukbZ
muds fy;s gksVy tSlh lqfoèkk,¡ iznku djrk gSA bruk gh ugha] xbZ gS rks mUgsa ^iQkbo LVkj* gksVyksa tSlh lqfoèkk,¡ eqgS;k djkbZ tkrh
os tc pkgs dkjkx`g ls ckgj vk&tk ldrs gSa vkSj ;s lc gSaA ;gk¡ rd fd os viuh ethZ ls ckgj vk&tk ldrs gSaA ,slh dbZ
muds fy;s cM+h lkekU; lh ckr gSA vk'kk tc bl lacèa k esa fjiksVZ ns'k ds gj Hkkx ls le;&le; ij lquus dks feyrh jgrh gSaA
611
 blds vfrfjDr tsy esa fgalk dh Hkh dbZ ?kVuk,¡ le;&le; ij In the district where you are appointed as a district
ns[kus&lquus dks feyrh jgrh gSaA dSfn;ksa dks vklkuh ls gfFk;kj Hkh magistrate, your brother has a large residential school.
The school is quite famous and is counted among the
miyCèk gks tkrs gSaA NCRB dh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj 2001 ls 2010 ds best residential schools in the state. One day all of a
nkSjku 12 g”kkj ls vfèkd dSfn;ksa dh tsy esa vizkÑfrd e`R;q gqbZA sudden some students become ill. On medical
mÙkj % (b) mijksDr dsl LVMh esa of.kZr ifjfLFkfr fdlh Hkh investigation food poisoning is revealed as the cause for
this. A protest march is taken out by the parents of the
fu"Bkoku vfèkdkjh ds eukscy o vfHkizsj.kk dks rksM+us dk dke djsxk
students and others demanding the immediate arrest of
ijarq R;kxi=k nsuk iyk;uokfnrk dks n'kkZrk gS] blfy;s eSa vk'kk dks your brother. You realize that in the protest-march,
vius fu.kZ; ij iqufoZpkj djus dh lykg nw¡xkA opponents of your brother and the owners of other
,d flfoy lsod ds fy;s n`<+&ladYi] lkgl] izfrdwy schools are also involved, however due to opposition of
the general public and media pressure the matter
ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa viuh vfHkizsj.kk cuk, j[kus dh {kerk] yphykiu
remains on the boil. If you arrest your brother then his
vkfn os xq.k gSa tks lR;fu"Bk ds leku gh visf{kr o okaNuh; gSaA eSa opponents will use it to tarnish the reputation of the
vk'kk dks ;g le>kus dk iz;kl d:axk fd flLVe esa jgdj gh school.
flLVe esa cnyko yk;k tk ldrk gSA mls HkkoukRed cqf¼eÙkk dk (a) What are the options before you? Examine the
iz;ksx djrs gq, viuk fu.kZ; ysuk pkfg;s u fd Hkkouk esa cgdjA merits-demerits of each option and mention the
option that you will select.
eSa mls lykg nw¡xk fd mls flLVe esa jgdj bl izdkj vfu;ferrk (b) Suggest measures for making the residential schools
o Hkz"Vkpkj ds lacaèk esa igys e”kcwr lcwr tqVkus pkfg;s vkSj fiQj more student-friendly.
l{ke izkfèkdkfj;ksa dh lgk;rk ls bl ij dk;Zokgh djus dk iz;kl mÙkj % (a) mijksDr ifjfLFkfr esa lkoZtfud o futh dÙkZO; ds
djuk pkfg;sA Hkfo"; esa bleas ehfM;k dh Hkh lgk;rk yh tk ldrh gSA chp la?k"kZ dh fLFkfr mRiUu gksrh gSA mDr ifjfLFkfr esa esjs le{k
lkFk gh eSa mls ;g Hkh vglkl fnykmQaxk fd mlds tSls lR;fu"B fuEufyf[kr fodYi miyCèk gSa&
o bZekunkj vfèkdkfj;ksa dh ns'k dks l[r ”k:jr gS vkSj o`gn~ tufgr z vius HkkbZ dks fxjÝrkj djkuk] bldk ykHk ;g gksxk fd tu&fojksèk
dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, mls vius fu.kZ; ij vo'; gh iqufoZpkj djuk o ekpZ dks jksdus esa o vke tuthou dks cgky djus esa lgk;rk
pkfg;sA essjs rdks± ls laHko gS fd vk'kk vius R;kxi=k ds fu.kZ; dks feysxhA rFkkfi ;g ,di{kh; fu.kZ; gksxk vkSj laHko gS fd fo|ky;
okil ys vkSj ;gh mfpr Hkh gksxkA esa gq, gknls esa esjs HkkbZ dh dksbZ xyrh u gks vkSj mls "kM~;a=k
iz'u% vki ftl f”kys esa f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa inLFkkfir gaS] ds rgr i¡Qlk;k x;k gksA blfy;s ;g cgqr izHkkoh o mfpr fu.kZ;
mlh f”kys esa vkids HkkbZ dk ,d cM+k vkoklh; fo|ky; ugha gksxkA
gSA fo|ky; dkiQh izfl¼ o Lrjh; gS rFkk jkT; ds loZJs"B z HkkbZ ds i{k esa vuSfrd o xSj&dkuwuh :i ls dke djukA fojksèk
vkoklh; fo|ky;ksa esa bldh x.kuk dh tkrh gSA ,d fnu ekpZ dks l[rh ls nck nsuk o vius HkkbZ dks funks"Z k fl¼ djus ds
vpkud dqN Nk=kksa dh rch;r [kjkc gks tkrh gSA fpfdRlh; fy;s xSj&dkuwuh rjhdksa dk bLrseky djukA bldk ykHk ;g gksxk
tk¡p esa [kk| fo"kkDrrk (iQwM ikWb”kfuax) dks bldk dkj.k fd eSa vius HkkbZ ds izfr viuk dÙkZO; fuokZg dj ikmQaxk] fdUrq
crk;k tkrk gSA Nk=kksa ds vfHkHkkodksa o vU; yksxksa }kjk ,d lR;fu"B vfèkdkjh ds :i esa ;g Lohdk;Z ugha gksxkA blls
,d fojksèk ekpZ fudkyk tkrk gS vkSj vkids HkkbZ dks rqjar o`gn~ tufgr Hkh izHkkfor gksxkA lkFk gh laHko gS fd Hkfo"; esa blls
fxjÝrkj djus dh ekax dh tkrh gSA vki tkurs gSa fd bl vkSj vfèkd e”kcwr fojksèk gks ftls fu;af=kr dj ikuk laHko u gksA
fojksèk ekpZ esa vkids HkkbZ ds fojksèkh o vU; fo|ky;ksa z viuk LFkkukarj.k djok ysukA blls eSa bl uSfrd nqfoèkk ls cp
ds ekfydksa dh Hkh feyh&Hkxr gS] rFkkfi vke yksxksa ds ikmQaxk ijarq ;g fu.kZ; iyk;uokfnrk dks n'kkZrk gSA blls u rks
fojksèk o ehfM;k ds dkj.k ekeyk dkiQh ”kksj idM+rk gSA eSa viuk lkoZtfud vkSj u gh futh nkf;Ro dk lgh <ax ls
;fn vki vius HkkbZ dks fxjÝrkj djrs gSa rks fojksfèk;ksa fuokZg dj ikmQaxkA
}kjk vkids HkkbZ o mlds fo|ky; ds f[kykiQ nq"izpkj z ,d fu"i{k tk¡p djokuk vkSj mlds vuq:i dk;Z djukA pw¡fd
dj Ldwy dh izfr"Bk dks dkiQh èkwfey fd;k tk,xkA bl dsl ls esjk tqM+ko yksxksa esa lansg mRiUu dj ldrk gS blfy;s
(a) bl lanHkZ esa vkids ikl dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi gSa\ eSa ,d fu"i{k vfèkdkjh }kjk bldh tk¡p dh lykg nw¡xk vkSj
izR;sd ds xq.k&nks"kksa dh tk¡p djrs gq, ml fodYi yksxksa dks vk'oklu nw¡xk fd nksf"k;ksa ds f[kykiQ vo'; dk;Zokgh
dks crk,¡ ftldk p;u vki djsaxsA gksxhA ;fn yksx fiQj Hkh ugha ekurs gSa rks rkRdkfyd :i esa vius
(b) ns'k esa vkoklh; fo|ky;ksa dks vfèkdkfèkd :i esa HkkbZ dks fxjÝrkj dj fojksèk dh fLFkfr dks lkekU; djus dk iz;kl
Nk=kksa ds vuqdwy cukus ds fy;s dqN mik; lq>k,¡A  d:¡xkA vius HkkbZ dks lykg nw¡xk fd og viuk i{k tk¡p
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) vfèkdkfj;ksa ds lkeus j[ks vkSj ;fn og csdlwj gS rks mls dksbZ

612
 l”kk ugha gksxh] cl og tk¡p izfØ;k esa lg;ksx djsA bl tk¡p dismiss the case. You are getting threats like killing your
fjiksVZ ds vuq:i eSa vkxs dh dk;Zokgh d:¡xk ;k djokus dh family and implicating you in cases of disproportionate
assets if you pull out of the investigation or do not act
lykg nw¡xkA esjs fopkj esa ;gh loksZÙke fodYi gS vkSj eSa blh
as per their directions.
dk p;u d:¡xkA (a) What are the options available to you?
mÙkj % (b) ns'k esa futh o ljdkjh nksuksa gh vkoklh; fo|ky; (b) Evaluate the pros and cons of the various options
dbZ izdkj dh leL;kvksa ls xzflr gSa tks Nk=kksa ds fgrksa dks izfrdwy available and suggest the best option.
:i esa izHkkfor djrs gSaA buesa lqèkkj rFkk bUgsa vfèkdkfèkd :i esa mÙkj% fdlh i=kdkj dh gR;k vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk ds neu
Nk=kksa ds vuqdwy cukus ds fy;s fuEufyf[kr mik; fd;s tk ldrs gSa& dks rks O;Dr djrh gh gS] lkFk gh ns'k esa vlfg".kqrk ,oa dV~Vjrkoknh
z fo|ky; esa liQkbZ o LoPNrk ds izfr fo'ks"k è;ku fn;s tkus dh xfrfofèk;ksa dks c<+kok nsus ds er dk Hkh leFkZu djrh gSA ,sls ekeyksa
vko';drk gSA dbZ ehfM;k fjiksVks± esa ljdkjh vkoklh; fo|ky;ksa esa vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk dh j{kk gsrq fu"i{k tk¡p gksuh pkfg;sA
dh ^vLokLF;dj* (Unhygienic) ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh dkiQh ppkZ
mÙkj % (a) mijksDr izdj.k dk vè;;u djus ds ckn esjs ikl
dh xbZ gSA
dbZ fodYi miyCèk gSa ftUgsas fuEufyf[kr :iksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gS&
z Nk=kksa ds mfpr iks"k.k ij Hkh è;ku fn;s tkus dh vko';drk gSA
z bl vkijkfèkd xfrfofèk esa lafyIr O;fDr;kas ds funs'Z kksa dk ikyu d:¡A
z Nk=kksa dh lqj{kk o muds mRihM+u dks jksdus ds fy;s l[r dne
z eSa iqfyl dfe'uj ls tk¡p ny ds izHkkjh ds :i esa viuh fu;qfDr
mBk, tkus dh vko';drk gSA bl lacaèk esa fo|ky;ksa esa fo'ks"k
ra=k ds fuekZ.k dh vko';drk gSA dks jí djus dh fliQkfj'k d:¡A
z ,d csgrj iQhMcSd eSdsfu”e dh Hkh vko';drk gS rkfd Nk=kksa z eSa fdlh Hkh ckr ij è;ku fn;s fcuk fu"i{k rjhds ls dk;ks± dk

dh f'kdk;r ij mfpr dk;Zokgh dh tk ldsA fuoZgu d:¡A

z blds vfrfjDr fu;fer tk¡p dh Hkh O;oLFkk dh tkuh pkfg;sA z 'kh"kZLFk inksa ij dk;Zjr vius vU; vfèkdkfj;ksa dks Hkh bl ekeys

iz'u% vlfg".kqrk o dV~Vjrk ds f[kykiQ vkok”k mBkus okyh ls ifjfpr djokuk] ehfM;k ,oa vU; lapkj ekè;eksa dks xqIr
,d i=kdkj dh xksyh ekjdj gR;k dj nh xbZA vkidks rjhds ls mi;ksx esa ykdj ekeys dks lkoZtfud djus dk iz;kl
bldh tk¡p ds fy;s jkT; ds eq[;ea=kh ds funsZ'k ij iqfyl d:axkA lkFk gh] dsanz ljdkj ,oa U;k;ky; dks Hkh ekeys ls
dfe'uj }kjk xfBr tk¡p ny dk izHkkjh fu;qDr fd;k x;k voxr djkdj vius ,oa ifjokj ds fy;s O;fDrxr lqj{kk ls
gSA vkids tk¡p djus ij irk pyrk gS fd gR;k esa ekStwnk lacafèkr mik;ksa dh ekax d:axkA rRi'pkr~ fcuk fdlh i{kikr ds
xBcaèku ljdkj eas Hkkxhnkj ,d ny ds izeq[k usrk dk fu"i{k rjhds ls ekeys dh tk¡p dj fjiksVZ dks dsanz ljdkj o
gkFk gS ftlds gkFk [khapus ij ljdkj vYier esa vk U;k;ky; rd igq¡pkus dk iz;kl d:axkA
tk,xhA vki ij eq[;eaa=kh] izeq[k usrk ,oa iqfyl dfe'uj mÙkj % (b) mijksDr pkjksa fodYikas esa ls igys fodYi dk p;u
}kjk rF;ksa ds lkFk NsM+NkM dj ekeys dks jiQk&niQk djus fdlh Hkh n`f"V ls mfpr ugha gksxk D;ksafd ;g fodYi vfèkdkjh dh
dk ncko cuk;k tk jgk gSA vkids tk¡p ls gVus ,oa muds
dÙkZO;fu"Brk ij iz'ufpÉ yxkrk gS] lkFk gh fu"i{krk bZekunkjh tSls
vuqlkj dk;Z u djus ij vkids ifjokj dks tku ls ekjus
ewY;ksa ds iru dks Hkh ladsfrr djrk gSA bl fodYi dk leFkZu djuk
,oa vkids f[kykiQ vk; ls vfèkd laifÙk cukus tSls ekeyksa
iyk;uokfnrk dks Hkh n'kkZrk gSA
esa vkidks i¡Qlk, tkus dh èkedh nh tk jgh gSA
(a) vkids ikl D;k&D;k fodYi miyCèk gSa\
blh izdkj nwljs fodYi dk p;u Hkh esjs }kjk iyk;uokfnrk ds
leFkZu dks ladsfrr djrk gS tks ,d dÙkZO;fu"B ,oa f”kEesnkj vfèkdkjh
(b) fofHkUu fodYiksa ds xq.k&voxq.k crkrs gq, loksZÙke
fodYi crk,¡A  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
ds ekudkas dks iwjk ugha djrk] vr% bl fodYi dk leFkZu djuk Hkh
A journalist, who raised her voice against intolerance mfpr ugha le>waxkA
and fanaticism, was shot dead. On the directions of Chief rhljs fodYi dk leFkZu djuk uSfrdrk ,oa dÙkZO;fu"Brk dh
Minister of the state you have been appointed the officer
n`f"V ls rks mfpr gS ysfdu blls eq>s O;fDrxr Lrj ij {kfr mBkuh
in-charge of the investigation team constituted by the
Police Commissioner. You find upon investigation that iM+ ldrh gS] lkFk gh eq>s bl ekeys esa iQ¡lk;k Hkh tk ldrk gSA
one of the leaders of a party in the coalition government esjs }kjk fy;s x, bl izdkj ds Rofjr fu.kZ; ls vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk ds
was involved in the murder and withdrawal of his yksxksa dks cpus dk ekSdk fey ldrk gS ftlls yksxksa dk U;k; ij
support will reduce the government to minority. You
are being pressurized by the Chief Minister, main leader Hkjkslk de”kksj gksxkA vr% bl fodYi esa dqN fufgr de”kksfj;ksa ds
and Police Commissioner to tamper with the facts and dkj.k bldk leFkZu djuk lgh ugha gksxkA
613
 p;u dh n`f"V ls eSa pkSFks fodYi dk leFkZu djuk mfpr le>waxk ftlls dkuwu ds le{k Hkh dbZ izdkj dh pqukSfr;k¡ mB [kM+h gksrh gaS]
D;ksafd bl fodYi esa uSfrdrk ls lacafèkr lHkh mfpr ekinaMkas dk ,slk ns'k esa gqbZ fiNys dqN fnuksa dh ?kVukvksa eas ns[kk tk ldrk gSA
ikyu fd;k x;k gSA fu"i{krk] dÙkZO;fu"Brk tSls ewY;ksa dk laj{k.k Hkh mijksDr ifjfLFkfr dk voyksdu djus ij esjs lkeus dbZ fodYi
bl fodYi esa fufgr gSA lkFk gh blesa vijkèk esa lafyIr O;fDr;ksa ds ekStwn gksaxs tks fuEuor gaS&
cpus dh laHkkouk Hkh de gksxhA oSls Hkh ,d dÙkZO;fu"B vfèkdkjh z vkjksih uo;qodksa }kjk fn;s x, funsZ'kksa dk ikyu d:¡A
dh n`f"V ls Hkfo"; dh fpark fd;s fcuk fu"i{k tk¡p dk gh leFkZu
z eSa p'enhn xokg cuus ls euk dj nw¡ ;k ?kVuk ds nkSjku viuh
djuk pkfg;sA
vuqifLFkfr dk cgkuk cukdj ekeys ls iwjh rjg ls rVLFk gks tkšA
bl izdkj mi;qZDr pkjksa fodYiksa eas ls pkSFkk fodYi lHkh mfpr
z eSa vkjksih uo;qodksa }kjk nh tk jgh èkedh ls iqfyl dks voxr
ekudksa ,oa mik;ksa dk leFkZu djus ds dkj.k loZJs"B fodYi gS] ,d
djkÅaxk] lkFk gh iqfyl }kjk viuh lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djus dk
f”kEesnkj vfèkdkjh ds ukrs blh fodYi dk leFkZu djuk mfpr gksxkA
iz;kl d:axkA rRi'pkr~ fcuk fdlh i{kikr ds ekeys dh
iz'u% vki ns'k ds lkekU; ukxfjd gSaA vkids {ks=k esa vkids
okLrfodrk ls iqfyl dks ifjfpr djkÅaxkA
tkfr leqnk; dk O;kid opZLo gSA vkids {ks=k ds ikl ls
xq”kjus okyh vU; fuEu tkfr leqnk; dh Nk=kkvksa ij vkids igys fodYi ds p;u esa xq.k dh n`f"V ls ns[kk tk, rks blls
tkfr leqnk; ds dqN uo;qodksa }kjk izfrfnu NhaVkd'kh vkjksih ;qodksa ls fdlh izdkj ds O;fDrxr gkfu dh laHkkouk de
dh tkrh gSA vki vPNh rjg le>rs gSa fd ;g xyr dk;Z gksxh] lkFk gh vkjksfi;ksa ls fdlh izdkj ds dVqrkiw.kZ lacaèk Hkh LFkkfir
gS vkSj vkus okys le; esa vkids ?kj&ifjokj dh cgu& ugha gkasxs ysfdu ,d f”kEesnkj ukxfjd dh n`f"V ls bl fodYi dk
csfV;ksa ds lkFk Hkh ,sls ÑR; fd;s tk ldrs gSaA ;s uo;qod leFkZu fdlh Hkh n`f"V ls mfpr ugha gksxkA lkFk gh] bl fodYi dk
jktuhfrd ,oa iz'kklfud :i ls izHkko'kkyh ?kjkus ls lacaèk p;u vkids pkfjf=kd iru dks Hkh ladsfrr djrk gS vkSj LokFkZoknh
j[krs gSaA Nk=kkvksa ds ifjtuksa }kjk iqfyl esa izkFkfedh ntZ izo`fÙk dks Hkh c<+kok nsrk gSA ogha] bl rjg ds ekeyksa eas pqi jgus
djus ij vkidks p'enhn xokg ds rkSj ij cqyk;k tkrk ls vius ifjokj ds lkFk Hkh bl izdkj dh ?kVuk,¡ ?kV ldrh gSaA
gSA vkidks okLrfod fLFkfr crkus ij vkjksih uo;qodksa nwljs fodYi esa Hkh ykHk ;g gksxk fd eSa fcuk fdlh O;fDrxr
}kjk vkids ifjokj dks xaHkhj ifj.kke Hkqxrus dh èkedh gkfu ds ekeys ls iwjh rjg vyx gks tkÅaxk ftlls esjk thou iwoZor~
nh tkrh gSA pyrk jgsxk ysfdu bl fodYi esa Hkh gkfu dh n`f"V ls mijksDr
(a) mDr ifjfLFkfr esa vkids ikl dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi fodYi ds leku fLFkfr;k¡ mRiUu gkasxh] blfy;s bl fodYi dk leFkZu
ekStwn gaS\ lHkh fodYiksa ds xq.k&nks"kksa dh ppkZ djsaA djuk Hkh lgh ugha gksxkA
(b) NsM+[kkuh dh leL;k ds lekèkku gsrq vki fdl izdkj mijksDr nksuksa fodYiksa dks vLohÑr djus ds ckn eSa rhljs fodYi
dh dkjZokbZ djsaxs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) dk p;u djuk mfpr le>waxk] uSfrd n`f"V ls bl fodYi dk leFkZu
You are a common citizen of the country. Your caste lgh gksxk D;ksafd bl fodYi esa ihfM+r i{k ds lkFk U;k; gks jgk gS]
group has dominance in your area. Some of the youth lkFk gh vkjksfi;ksa }kjk fd;s x, ÑR; ds fy;s mUgsa l”kk feyus dh
from your caste daily tease some girls of the lower castes
who pass by your area. You understand that this is a
laHkkouk Hkh fn[k jgh gSA bl izdkj ds ekeyksa esa vkjksfi;ksa dks lcd
wrong thing to do and in future, these things can be fl[kkus ls lekt esa Hkh ,d vPNk lans'k tk,xkA ;gk¡ ,d f”kEesnkj
done with the sisters and daughters of your family as ukxfjd ds lHkh dÙkZO;ksa dk ikyu Hkh gks jgk gSA vxj bl fodYi
well. These youths belong to politically and esa nks"k dh n`f"V ls ns[kk tk, rks blls vkidk vkjksfi;ksa ds lkFk
administratively powerful families. You are summoned
as an eye witness when the family members of those
O;fDrxr lacaèk [kjkc gks ldrk gSA ysfdu ,d f”kEesnkj ukxfjd gksus
girls file an FIR with the police. You are threatened by ds ukrs O;fDrxr lacaèkksa dh vuns[kh dj blh fodYi dk leFkZu
the accused youths of serious consequences if you djuk lgh gksxk] lkFk gh iqfyl lqj{kk dh ekax Hkh dh tkuh pkfg;sA
disclose the real situation.
mÙkj % (b) yM+fd;ksa ds lkFk gksus okyh NsM+[kkuh dh leL;k ds
(a) In the given situation what options do you have?
Discuss the pros and cons of all the options.
lekèkku gsrq eSa fuEufyf[kr dk;Zokfg;ksa dk lgkjk ywaxk&
(b) What actions will you take to solve the problem of z vfr laosnu'khy LFkkuksa ij lh-lh-Vh-oh- dSejksa dh O;oLFkk djus
eve teasing? dh fliQkfj'k d:axkA
mÙkj % (a) lekt esa Nk=kkvksa o yM+fd;ksa ds lkFk NsM+&NkM+ gksuk z lapkj ekè;eksa }kjk turk esa tkx:drk ykus dk iz;kl d:axkA
vke ckr gks xbZ gSA bl izdkj dh vokafNr xfrfofèk ls lkekftd z bl rjg dh ?kVukvksa esa ihfM+r i{k dks fcuk fdlh Mj ds Rofjr
lkSgknZ ij rks foijhr izHkko iM+rk gh gS lkFk gh] blls nks oxksZa ds iqfyl esa izkFkfedh n”kZ djokus dh lykg nwaxkA
chp lkeqnkf;d ruko dh fLFkfr Hkh mRiUu gksrh gSA yxkrkj bl izdkj z bl izdkj dh ?kVukvksa ds lanHkZ esa lekt ds cqf¼thoh ,oa izHkkoh
dh xfrfofèk eas o`f¼ gksus ls ;g vR;fèkd fgald :i Hkh ys ysrk gS O;fDrRo ds yksxksa dks ykecan djus dk iz;kl d:axkA
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iz'u% vkt iwjh nqfu;k esa 'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k ,d izeq[k lkekftd] 'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k ds nh?kZdkfyd lekèkku gsrq izLrqr n`f"Vdks.k
vkfFkZd] jktuhfrd rFkk uSfrd pqukSrh ds :i esa mHkjh gSA i=k esa fuEufyf[kr fcanq 'kkfey gksaxs&
èkkfeZd ,oa u`tkrh; la?k"kks± rFkk izkÑfrd o ekuoh; z 'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k ds LFkk;h lekèkku gsrq izFke vko';drk gS ;q¼
vkinkvksa us bl leL;k dks vkSj ”;knk tfVy cuk;k gSA o v'kakfr dks lekIr djukA fdarq tc rd ;s mik; O;kogkfjd
'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k ds nh?kZdkfyd lekèkku gsrq 'kj.kkfFkZ;ksa Lo:i u izkIr dj ldsa rc rd ge #d ugha ldrs vkSj u gh
ds fy;s la;qDr jk"Vª mPpk;qDr (UNHCR) dk;kZy; us mu 'kj.kkfFkZ;ksa dks nks"k ns ldrs gSa tks bu ladVksa ls cpus ds
lHkh jk"Vªksa ls vius&vius n`f"Vdks.k i=k izLrqr djus dk fy;s rFkk csgrj thou dh ryk'k ds fy;s 'kj.kkFkhZ curs gSaA bu
vkàku fd;k gSA ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ge gksrs rks ;gh djrsA vr% 'kj.kkFkhZ ladV dk
vki Hkkjrh; fons'k ea=kky; esa 'kh"kZLFk vfèkdkjh ds :i lekèkku djuk gekjk uSfrd nkf;Ro gSA
esa dk;Zjr gSa rFkk Hkkjr ljdkj us 'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k ij z 'kj.kkfFkZ;ksa ds lekèkku dh izfØ;k esa ;g iz;kl gksuk pkfg;s fd

n`f"Vdks.k i=k fufeZr djus dk dk;Z vkidks lkSaik gSA vki mUgsa Lo;a ds jk"Vª esa gh laj{k.k o lg;ksx izkIr gks rFkk viuk
bl n`f"Vdks.k i=k esa 'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k ds nh?kZdkfyd jk"Vª u NksM+uk iM+sA
lekèkku ds fy;s fdu&fdu rÙoksa dks lekfgr djsaxs rFkk z ;fn Lojk"Vª esa mudk laj{k.k vlaHko gks rc fudVorhZ {ks=kksa esa

vkids }kjk izLrqr nh?kZdkfyd lekèkku okys n`f"Vdks.k i=k mUgsa vLFkk;h fuokl iznku&djuk pkfg;s rFkk bl gsrq HkkSfrd
esa fdu&fdu fcanqvksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tk,xk\ lalkèkuksa dh vko';drk gksxhA bl vko';drk dh iwfrZ gsrq laiUu
jk"Vªksa vkSj vis{kkÑr de laiUu (fodkl'khy) jk"Vªksa dks ^lkekU;
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
fdarq foHksndkjh mÙkjnkf;Ro* (CBDR) ds mikxe dks viukuk
The problem of refugees has emerged as a major social,
political, economic and moral challenge. This problem pkfg;sA ;s mikxe uSfrd Hkh gSa rFkk O;kogkfjd :i ls laHko HkhA
has been made more complex by communal and racial z bl lanHkZ esa ,d cgqi{kh; 'kj.kkFkhZ uhfr gks rFkk 'kj.kkfFkZ;ksa ds
conflicts and natural and man-made disasters. The lR;kiu] iquokZl gsrq ,dy 'kj.kkFkhZ ,tsalh dk xBu gksA
United Nations High Commission for Refugees
z 'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k ds varxZr i;kZoj.kh; o tyok;q ifjorZu tfur
(UNHCR) has called all the nations to present their
approach paper for a lasting solution of this issue.
vkinkvksa ls mRiUu 'kj.kkFkhZ ladV dh vc rd mis{kk dh xbZ gS]
You are working as a top officer in Foreign Ministry of
vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa 'kj.kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy;s ekud fuèkkZfjr fd;s tk,¡A
India and Indian government has delegated you the task z 'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k ds LFkk;h o nh?kZdkfyd lekèkku gsrq xSj&ljdkjh
of preparing the approach paper on refugee issue. laxBuksa] èkkfeZd fudk;ksa] flfoy lkslkbVh rFkk LiksV~lZ Dycksa dks
Which elements will you incorporate for a long-term Hkh 'kkfey fd;k tk, rkfd 'kj.kkFkhZ ladV mRiUu gksus ij cká
solution of this issue in your approach paper and what
jk"Vªksa esa 'kj.kkfFkZ;ksa dks vius fy;s [krjk u ekuk tk, cfYd muds
points will be included in the approach paper presented
by you?
('kj.kkfFkZ;ks)a fy;s ldkjkRed lkekftd tuer dk fuekZ.k gks ldsA
mÙkj% 'kj.kkFkhZ ladV ds izLrqr Lo:i dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, lkekftd o vkfFkZd n`f"V ls nqfu;k dks ;g le>kus dh
vko';drk gS fd vesfjdk dks egk'kfDr cukus esa ogk¡ x, 'kj.kkfFkZ;ksa
esjs }kjk tks nh?kZdkfyd lekèkku izLrqr fd;k tk,xk ml n`f"Vdks.k
dk fo'ks"k ;ksxnku jgk gSA 'kj.kkFkhZ vius lkFk dk;Z'khy vkcknh rFkk
i=k esa fuEufyf[kr rÙo 'kkfey gksaxs&
csgrj LoIu ysdj fdlh nwljs jk"Vª esa igq¡prs gSa] vr% o`¼ gksrh
z 'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k ds nh?kZdkfyd lekèkku gsrq vko';d gS fd
;wjksih; vkcknh ds fy;ss 'kj.kkFkhZ ekuo lalkèku cu ldrs gSaA
varjkZ"Vªh; lacaèkksa esa uSfrdrk dk lao¼Zu gksA blds varxZr olqèkSo
vr% 'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k dk nh?kZdkfyd lekèkku ^”khuksiQksfc;k* eas
dqVqEcde] lfg".kqrk] mÙkjnkf;Ro] 'kkafr o la;e tSls ewY;ksa dks
u gksdj mlds uSfrd o O;kogkfjd rÙoksa dks lexzrk esa vkRelkr
varjkZ"Vªh; lacaèkksa esas egÙo izkIr gksA blls leL;k dk uSfrd djrs gq, mlds fØ;kUo;u esa gSA
lekèkku laHko gks ldsxkA
iz'u% vkidh fu;qfDr mÙkj izns'k ds ,d vR;Ur fiNM+s f”kys esa
z 'kj.kkFkhZ leL;k ds lekèkku gsrq uSfrd i{k ds lkFk&lkFk f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa dh tkrh gSA f”kys esa ukeek=k dh
O;kogkfjd i{k dks Hkh egÙo nsuk vko';d gS ftlls blds }kjk uxjh; vkcknh gSA ;gk¡ ds xk¡oksa esa vki ikrs gSa fd cM+h
mRiUu lkekftd o vkfFkZd pqukSfr;ksa dk lekèkku fd;k tk ldsA la [ ;k es a vuq l w f pr tkfr;k¡ fuokl djrh gS a tks
okLro esa uSfrd i{k o O;kogkfjd i{k ,d&nwljs ls vyx ugha lkekftd&vk£Fkd n`f"V ls vR;Ur fiNM+h gqbZ gaSA Ñf"k ds
gSa] vr% nh?kZdkfyd lekèkku gsrq n`f"Vdks.k i=k esa uSfrd o O;kogkfjd fy;s buds ikl ”kehu Hkh ugha gSA jktuhfrd mnklhurk
nksuksa rÙoksa dks lekfgr djus dk iz;kl d:axkA vkSj flfoy lsodksa dh fdadÙkZO;foew<+rk ds dkj.k bl
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 {ks=k esa lkekftd lsok dk;ZØeksa dk mfpr fØ;kUo;u ugha z mijksDr lkekftd] lkaLÑfrd o vkfFkZd dkj.kksa ds vykok 'kks"k.k
fd;k tk jgk gSA tc vki leL;k dh tM+ esa igq¡prs gSa rks ds bl Lo:i ds ihNs jktuhfrd o iz'kklfud dkj.k Hkh ekStwn
vkidks blds ihNs ,d vyx gh dgkuh dk irk pyrk gSa ftUgksaus vius mÙkjnkf;Roksa dk izHkkoh fuoZgu ugha fd;kA
gSA bl f”kys esa jktuhfrd igq¡p okys rFkk ncaxksa us jktuhfrd usr`Ro dk ;g dÙkZO; Fkk fd lkekftd :ikarj.k dh
vius&vius y?kq vkSj eè;e m|ksx yxk j[ks gSa ftuesa xjhc izfØ;k dks izHkkoh cukdj nfyrksa dks tkx:d o vfèkdkj laiUUk
yksx vius cPpksa lfgr Jenku dj jgs gSaA muds eu esa cukrkA iz'kklfud usr`Ro dk ;g dÙkZO; Fkk fd yksduhfr;ksa dks
vius ekfyd dks ikyugkj ekuus dh izo`fÙk fodflr gks izHkkoh :i esa vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa rd igq¡pkrk rFkk buds fy;s
pqdh gSA os vius 'kks"k.k ds izfr iwjh rjg ls vufHkK gSaA fo|eku lqj{kkRed mik;ksa dks izHkkoh :i esa ykxw fd;k tkrkA
(a)  'kks"k.k ds bl Lo:i ds ihNs fo|eku dkj.kksa dh mÙkj % (b) bl f”kys ds f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa esjs }kjk
igpku djsaA fuEufyf[kr uoizorZudkjh mik; viuk, tk,axs&
(b)  bl leL;k ds lekèkku ds fy;s vki dkSu&dkSu ls z loZizFke f”kys ds Je izorZu vfèkdkjh ds ekè;e ls y?kq vkSj
uoizorZudkjh dne mBk ldrs gSa\ eè;e m|ksxksa esa fo|eku cky Jfedksa o caèkqvk e”kwnjksa dks eqDr
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) djk;k tk,xk rFkk caèkqvk e”knwj vfèkfu;e o cky Je mUewyu
You have been appointed as the District Collector of an
extremely backward district. The district has got barely
vfèkfu;e ds rgr muds iquokZl dk izcaèk fd;k tk,xkA
any urban population. You find that the villages of this z feM Ms ehy] eujsxk] vkbZ-lh-Mh-,l- rFkk lkoZtfud forj.k
district are mostly inhabited by scheduled castes who iz.kkyh tSlh lkekftd&vkfFkZd ;kstukvksa dk ykHk yksxksa rd
are socio-economically backward. They don’t even own
igq¡pkdj yksduhfr;ksa dks izHkkoh cuk;k tk,xkA
lands for farming. Social welfare schemes have not been
implemented properly in this region due to political z izns'k esa fo|eku Hkw&lqèkkj dkuwuksa ds rgr f”kys esa Hkw&lqèkkj
indifference and escapism of civil servants. When you dk;ZØe pyk;k tk,xk rkfd vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa dks Hkwfe miyCèk
arrive at the roots of the problem, you come across a
djkbZ tk ldsA
different story altogether. Politically influential people
and goons have set up their small and medium industries z f'k{kk O;oLFkk dks izHkkoh cukdj cPpksa dks lkoZHkkSfed f'k{kk
in which the poor and their kids are providing labour. vfHk;ku dk ykHk iznku fd;k tk,xk ftlls vuqPNsn&21A dks
They have come to accept their employers as their
izHkkoh cuk;k tk ldsA
masters. They are totally unaware of their exploitation.
(a) Identify the reasons behind this pattern of z lkekftd :ikarj.kdkjh iz;klksa ds varxZr jktuhfrd usr`Ro dks
exploitation. Hkh bl iz;kl esa 'kkfey djus dk iz;kl fd;k tk,xk] ftlls
(b) What innovative steps you can take to resolve this lekt ds lHkh oxks± dks tkx:d fd;k tk ldsA
issue?
bl leL;k ds Lo:i ds fuèkkZj.k] mlds ihNs fo|eku dkj.kksa
mÙkj % (a) izLrqr dsl LVMh esa fo|eku leL;k ds dkj.kksa dh
dh igpku dj ,d f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa cgqvk;keh iz;kl ls bl
izHkkoh igpku djus ds fy;s vko';d gS fd ge leL;k ds Lo:i
fiNM+s f”kys dh leL;k dk var fd;k tk ldrk gSA
dh igpku djsaA leL;k ds Lo:i fuèkkZj.k ds Øe esa ge ikrs gSa fd
;g leL;k lkekftd] vkfFkZd] jktuhfrd rFkk dkuwuh i{kksa ij jkT; iz'u% vki vius dkWyst ds fnuksa ls gh vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk ds
o lekt dh vliQyrk dks O;Dr djrh gSA bl leL;k esa 'kks"k.k dk yksxksa ls vR;fèkd uiQjr djrs gSaA blh uiQjr ls vkidks
Lo:i ,slk gS ftls 'kksf"kr Hkh ugha igpku ik jgk gS rFkk caèkqvk vkbZih,l cuus dh izsj.kk Hkh feyh gSA vkbZih,l vfèkdkjh
e”knwjh ,oa cky Je tSls dkuwuh fo"k; Hkh leL;k eas fo|eku gaSA cu tkus ij iqfyl dIrku ds :i esa vkidh fu;qfDr ,sls
bl leL;k ds ;fn izeq[k dkj.kksa dh ppkZ djsa rks os fuEufyf[kr gSa& {ks=k esa dh tkrh gS tgk¡ gR;k] ywV vkSj cykRdkj tSls
z bl fiNM+s f”kys dh vfèkdka'k vkcknh xzkeh.k gSA vr% ;gk¡ ekeys gksrs gh jgrs gSaA ,d fnu vkids dk;kZy; ls eg”k
vf'k{kk] tkrh; foHksn ,oa lkearh ifjos'k dh mifLFkfr ds ,d fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij ,d cPph ds lkFk cykRdkj
lkFk&lkFk vius vfèkdkjksa ds izfr vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa esa tkx:drk dh ?kVuk gksrh gS] ftlus vkidks m}sfyr dj fn;k gSA dqN
dk vHkko gksxkA nsj ckn vkidks irk pyrk gS fd HkhM+ }kjk cykRdkjh
z Hkkjr esa vuqlwfpr tkfr;k¡ lkaLÑfrd n`f"V ls Hkh fiNM+ jgh gSa dks idM+ fy;k x;k gS vkSj mls Øwjrk ls ekjk&ihVk tk
rFkk Hkwfeghu gksus ds dkj.k xk¡oksa esa èkuh oxZ ij budh fuHkZjrk jgk gSA lacafèkr {ks=k ds Fkkuk izHkkjh Hkh HkhM+ ds lkeus
ijaijkxr :i ls cuh gqbZ gS ftlls buds 'kks"k.k dh varghu izfØ;k vlgk; gSaA vkids lg;ksxh vkidks lykg nsrs gSa fd vPNk
fo|eku gSA gS mls (vijkèkh) ejus nksA

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 mDr
(a)  ifjfLFkfr esa fufgr dkuwuh vkSj uSfrd eqíksa dh z rqjra ,d fo'ks"k dk;Zdkjh cy dk xBu] ykmM Lihdj ;k vU;
tk¡p djsaA lapkj ekè;eksa ls HkhM+ dks le>kus dk iz;kl djukA lkFk gh ;g
(b) vkids ikl dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi ekStwn gSa\ vki psrkouh nsuk fd vkids }kjk fd;s tk jgs ÑR;ksa dh ohfM;ks fjdkWfM±x
dkSu&lk fodYi pqusaxs vkSj D;ksa\ gks jgh gS] blfy;s izR;sd O;fDr ij fgalk ds iz;kl dk dsl ntZ
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
gks ldrk gSA lkFk gh HkhM+ dks ;g fo'okl fnykus dk iz;kl djuk
You hate people with criminal tendencies since your
fd O;fDr ij yxk, x, vkjksi lgh ik, tkus ij mls dkuwuh
college days. This hate has motivated you to become an dk;Zokgh }kjk l”kk fnykus dk eSa iz;kl d:axkA
IPS. When you become an IPS, you are appointed as a mijksDr fodYiksa esa igys fodYi dk p;u mfpr ugha gksxk]
Police Chief in an area where cases of murder, loot and D;ksafd fcuk bl ckr dh iqf"V gq, fd O;fDr us vijkèk fd;k Hkh gS
rapes keep happening. One day you are perturbed by
fd ugha] mls HkhM+ }kjk fgalk dk f'kdkj cuk;k tkuk lgh ugha gSA oSls
a rape incident that happened just one kilometre away
from your office. After some time, you came to know
Hkh ;gk¡ HkhM+ }kjk dkuwu dks vius gkFk esa ysus dk iz;kl fd;k tk jgk
that the crowd has been able to catch the rapist and he gS tks dkuwuh izfØ;kvksa ds ikyu dk Li"V mYya?ku djrk gSA lkFk gh]
is being beaten barbarically. The Police Officer of the ;gk¡ esjk fuf"Ø; jguk ,d xSj&f”kEesnkj vfèkdkjh gksus dks ladfs rr djsxkA
concerned area is also helpless before the mob. Your nwljs fodYi dk p;u djuk bl n`f"V ls lgh ugha gksxk D;ksafd
associates suggest you that it’s good if you let him (the
blls vkØksf'kr HkhM+ dk f'kdkj eSa Lo;a gks ldrk gw¡] eq>s Hkh O;fDrxr
criminal) get beaten up by the mob.
:i ls 'kkjhfjd {kfr dk f'kdkj gksuk iM+ ldrk gSA
(a) Examine the legal and ethical issues implicit in the
given situation. bl izdkj esjs }kjk nksuksa fodYiksa dh vLohÑfr ds ckn eSa rhljs
(b) What are the options available to you? Which option fodYi dk leFkZu d:axk D;ksafd blesa ?kVuk fo'ks"k ds lacaèk esa ,d
will you choose and why? mfpr dk;Zokgh dk Øekxr ikyu dk leFkZu fd;k x;k gSA lkFk gh
mÙkj% Hkkjr esa gky dh dqN ?kVuk,¡ uSfrd iz'u mRiUu djrh ;gk¡ HkhM+ dh Øwjrk dk f'kdkj gqvk O;fDr ,oa ,d f”kEesnkj vfèkdkjh
gSaA fiNys dqN le; ls HkhM+ }kjk yksxksa dks idM+dj ekj Mkyus dh nksuksa ds izfr dÙkZO;ksa dk mfpr ikyu gks jgk gSA
?kVuk,¡ lkeus vkbZ gSa tks ,d O;fDr fo'ks"k ds vfèkdkjksa ds neu dks iz'u% vki jktLo foHkkx eas ,d vfèkdkjh gSAa vkidks vk£Fkd
rks ladsfrr djrh gh gSa] lkFk gh ns'k dh yksdrkaf=kd Nfo ds fo'okl vijkèkksa dh tk¡p ls lacfa èkr ,d ekeys dk nkf;Ro fn;k x;k
dks Hkh èkwfey dj jgh gaSA vkt HkhM+ }kjk bl izdkj dh ?kVukvksa dks gSA dk;Zokgh vius i{k esa djus ds fy;s vijkèkh vkidks ,d
vatke nsuk vke ckr gks xbZ gSA bl izdkj dh ?kVukvksa dks vatke cM+h jkf'k dk izLrko nsrk gSA lkFk gh] izLrko Bqdjkus dh
nsus ds mís'; ds ihNs fdlh O;fDr fo'ks"k dk futh LokFkZ ,oa èkeZ fLFkfr esa vatke Hkqxrus dh psrkouh Hkh nsrk gSA okLro esa vki
o leqnk; fo'ks"k }kjk vlfg".kqrk dks c<+kok nsuk Hkh gks ldrk gSA igys ftl foHkkx esa dk;Zjr Fks ogk¡ ,sls gh fdlh ekeys esa
vkidks foHkkxh; dk;Zokgh dk lkeuk djuk iM+k FkkA vkidks
mÙkj % (a) mijksDr izdj.k dk fo'ys"k.k djus ij dbZ dkuwuh o
Mj gS fd ;fn vki izLrko dks Lohdkj ugha djrs gaS rks vkidks
uSfrd eqís mRiUu gksrs gSa ftls ge fuEufyf[kr :iksa esa ns[k ldrs gSa&
>wBs ekeys esa iqu% iQ¡lk;k tk ldrk gS vkSj ehfM;k }kjk bl
z ;gk¡ HkhM+ }kjk dkuwu dks vius gkFk esa ysus dk iz;kl fd;k tk jgk gSA
ekeys dks izpkfjr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
z O;fDr ij yxk, x, vkjksiksa dh Nku&chu ,oa iqf"V fd;s fcuk (a) mDr ifjfLFkfr esa vkids ikl dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi
mls vijkèkh eku ysuk] O;fDr ds ewy vfèkdkjksa dk guu ,oa ekStwn gSa\
dkuwuh izfØ;k ds mYya?ku tSlh fLFkfr;ksa dks n'kkZrk gSA (b) lHkh fodYiksa ds xq.k&nks"kksa dh tk¡p djsaA 
z HkhM+ }kjk O;fDr fo'ks"k ij fd;s tk jgs geys esa O;fDr fo'ks"k  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
ds funksZ"k gksus dh fLFkfr esa mls U;k; feyus dh laHkkouk ux.; You are an officer in the revenue department. You have
gksxh tksfd dkuwu ds le{k dbZ iz'u mRiUu djsxhA been delegated with a case related to the investigation
of financial offences. The offender offers you a big
mÙkj % (b) mijksDr ifjfLFkfr esa Rofjr fu.kZ; ysus dh vko';drk amount in lieu of acting in his favour. He also warns
gS] ,sls esa esjs lkeus rhu fodYi gaS] tks fuEufyf[kr gSa& you of stern consequences in case you reject the offer.
z vijkèkh dks naM nsus dh n`f"V ls HkhM+ }kjk fd;s tk jgs ÑR; dks Actually you had faced departmental action in a similar
case in the department you were working previously.
lgh eku ysuk ,oa fdlh dk;Zokgh ds izfr fuf"Ø; jgukA You are afraid of being implicated in a false case again
z HkhM+ ij Rofjr dk;Zokgh djrs gq, bl izdkj ds ÑR;ksa dks jksdus if you do not accept the offer and media may also
dk iz;kl djukA publicise this issue.

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 (a) What are the options available to you in the given jkgr gsrq vuqjksèkksa dh ck<+ vk tkrh gSA ;fn fdlh xk¡o
situation? dk 10 izfr'kr Hkw&Hkkx Hkh izHkkfor gqvk gS rks blesa Hkh
(b) Examine the pros and cons of each option.
95-99 izfr'kr yksx ck<+ jkgr ds fy;s vkosnu ns nsrs gSasA
mÙkj % (a) mijksDr dsl LVMh] ,d bZekunkj vfèkdkjh lokZfèkd n;uh; fLFkfr ;g gS fd gkfu;ksa dk losZ{k.k
}kjk nkf;Roksa ds fuoZgu esa mBk, tkus okys dneksa ,oa mlds fuoZgu dsoy dkx”kksa ij gh fd;k tk jgk gSA iapk;r ds deZPkkjh
esa mRiUu gksus okyh leL;kvksa dks O;Dr djrh gS] bl izdj.k esa esjs o xk¡o ds ncax yksx losZ{k.k ny dks ogh lc fy[kus ds
le{k dbZ fodYi ekStnw gSa ftls fuEufyf[kr :iksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gS& fy;s ncko Mkyrs gSa] tks os dgrs gSaA izdk'k >k dks vxys
z vijkèkh }kjk fn;s tkus okys izLrko dks Lohdkj dj ysuk ,oa lIrkg esa Hkkjh o"kkZ dh vfxze lwpuk feyh gS vkSj os bl
vijkèkh ds i{k esa fu.kZ; nsukA nqfoèkk esa gS fd tSlk py jgk gS oSlk gh pyus nsa ;k
z vijkèkh ds izLrko dks vLohÑr djus ds lkFk&lkFk vijkèkh ij Hkkjh fojksèk ds gksrs gq, Hkh jkgr dk;Z esa dqN ewyHkwr
rqjar mfpr dk;Zokgh djukA lqèkkj djsaA
z vius foHkkx ls lacafèkr mPp inLFk vfèkdkjh dkss ekeys dk vxj vki izdk'k >k dh txg gksrs rks vki bl leL;k ds
laKku nsdj mUgsa vius fo'okl esa ysrs gq, izLrko dks vLohÑr lacèa k esa D;k fu.kZ; ysrs vkSj mi;qDZ r leL;k dk lekèkku
djuk rFkk ?kVuk dh fu"i{k tk¡p djrs gq, mfpr dk;Zokgh djukA fdl izdkj djrs\ fo'ys"k.k lfgr mÙkj nsAas 
mÙkj % (b) igys fodYi esa ;fn xq.k dh ckr dh tk, rks blesa  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
viuk O;fDrxr ykHk rks fn[kkbZ nsrk gS] lkFk gh vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk ds Prakash Jha is an Assistant Commissioner in a flood
O;fDr;kas ls fdlh izdkj ds uqdlku igq¡pus dh laHkkouk Hkh de gS] affected state. Heavy rainfall causes water logging and
flooding in the rural areas which leads to submersion
ysfdu bl izdkj ds ekeys ds mtkxj gksus ls vki ij Hkzz"Vkpkj ls
of crops. A few people exploit the situation to make
lacafèkr vijkèk dk eqdnek pyk;k tk ldrk gSA vijkèk lgh lkfcr money. With the dissemination of the news of flood
gksus dh fLFkfr esa vkidk iwjk dWfj;j lekIr gks ldrk gSA lkFk gh from newspapers and television channels the offices of
,d f”kEesnkj o dÙkZO;fu"B vfèkdkjh dh n`f"V ls Hkh bl fodYi the Patwaris get flooded with applications for flood
relief. Even if only the 10 percent of the village has been
dk leFkZu vuqfpr gSA bl fodYi dk p;u lR;fu"Bk] bZekunkjh o
affected 95-99 percent of the people apply for flood
fu"i{krk tSls ewY;ksa ds iru dks O;Dr djrk gSA vr% bl izdkj ds relief. The most pitiable reality is that the claims are
fodYi dk leFkZu lgh ugha gksxkA examined only on paper. The employees of the
nwljs fodYi dk p;u uSfrd n`f"V ls rks lgh gS ysfdu vkids Panchayat and the dominant villagers pressurize the
survey team to report as per their wishes. Prakash Jha
}kjk bl ekeys esa Rofjr dk;Zokgh dk fu.kZ; ysuk lgh ugha gksxkA has received an early warning of heavy rains in the next
blls vijkèkh vius Lrj ij lk¡B&xk¡B djds vkidks iQ¡lk Hkh ldrk week and he is in dilemma whether to continue with the
gS] D;kasfd vki igys Hkh bl izdkj dh dk;Zokfg;ksa ls xq”kj pqds gSa] prevalent modus operandi or introduce some
blfy;s vkidh ckrksa ij fo'okl lac¼ foHkkx esa de gh yksx djsaxsA fundamental reforms in relief work, braving heavy
resistance. If you were in the position of Prakash Jha
mi;ZqDr nksuksa fodYiksa dks vLohÑr djus ds ckn eSa dk;Zokgh what would have been your decision and how would
esa rhljs fodYi dk p;u djuk mfPkr le>waxk D;ksafd bl fodYi you have solved the problem? Answer with explanation.
eas lHkh mfpr ekinaMkas ds ikyu dh ckr dgh xbZ gS] lkFk gh bl mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k esa ,d lgk;rk vk;qDr ds :i esa esjh
fodYi esa uSfrdrk] bZekunkjh] lR;fu"Bk vkfn tSls uSfrd ewY;ksa dk lR;fu"Brk] dk;Z ds izfr lsok Hkkouk] fu"i{krk tSls ewY;ksa dk
laj{k.k Hkh gks jgk gSA blfy;s ,d dÙkZO;fu"B vfèkdkjh dh n`f"V ls ijh{k.k gSA
Hkh bldk leFkZu fd;k tkuk lgh gksxkA mi;qZDr leL;k ds izfr ,d u”kfj;k ;g gks ldrk gS fd tSlk
iz'u % izdk'k >k ck<+ ls izHkkfor jkT; esa lgk;rk vk;qDr gSaA losZ{k.k py jgk gS] oSlk gh pyus nw¡_ D;ksfd jkgr dk;Z esa ewyHkwr
jkT; esa vfèkd o"kkZ gksus ij tyHkjko ds dkj.k xzkeh.k lqèkkj djus ij jktuhfrd ncko Hkh c<+ ldrk gSA lkFk gh] turk
bykdksa esa ck<+ vk tkrh gS ftlls cksbZ gqbZ iQlysa ikuh esa dk fojksèk izn'kZu Hkh gks ldrk gS ;k fiQj eSa NqV~Vh ysdj bl leL;k
Mwc tkrh gSaA rks ogha dqN yksxksa us bl vkink dks ykHk ds lekèkku ls cp ldrk gw¡A fdarq fojksèk izn'kZu ds Hk; ls jkgr
dekus dk vuSfrd èkaèkk cuk fy;k gSA tSls gh ck<+ dh dk;Z esa lqèkkj u djuk ;k NqV~Vh ysdj pys tkuk viuh f”kEesnkfj;ksa
[kcjsa v[kckjksa esa Nirh gSa vkSj Vsyhfo”ku pSuyksa esa izlkfjr ls eq¡g eksM+uk gS rFkk ,d iz'kkld ls ;g vis{kk ugha dh tk ldrh gSA
gksrh gSa] izHkkfor f”kyksa esa iVokfj;ksa ds dk;kZy;ksa esa ck<+ mi;qZDr izdj.k esa fuEufyf[kr leL;k,¡ gSa&

618
 (d) ck<+ ls mRiUu tyHkjko dh leL;kA epidemic and to prevent deaths caused by it. But this
village is tied in conservative beliefs and the people
([k) losZ{k.k djus esa folaxfr;k¡] tSls& {kfriwfrZ gsrq ;ksX; yksxksa
refuse to use your medicine despite it being an essential
dk p;u djuk] losZ{k.k Vhe dks xzkeh.k leqnk; ds ncaxksa for their health and a way to defeat the epidemic.
}kjk losZ{k.k u djus nsuk] losZ{k.k dk dkx”kksa ij gksuk In the above situation what will be your decision?
vFkkZr~ ”kehuh gdhdr ls nwj gksuk bR;kfnA Justify.
(x) jkT; ds èku dk lgh mi;ksx dSls fd;k tk, vFkkZr~ mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k esa eSa xk¡o ds O;fDr;ksa dks nokvksa dk
U;k;iwoZd forj.k lqfuf'pr djukA mi;ksx djus ds fy;s izsfjr d:axk_ D;ksafd bu nokvksa dk mi;ksx
mi;qZDr leL;kvksa ds lekèkku ds izfr esjk n`f"Vdks.k bl djus ls gh bu O;fDr;ksa dks egkekjh ls cpk;k tk ldrk gSA ;g
izdkj gksxk& ckr lR; gS fd xk¡o ds O;fDr;ksa dk :f<+;ksa vkSj ijaijkvksa ls caèkk
(i) losZ{k.k Vhe dks xzkeh.k leqnk; ds ncaxksa }kjk Mjk;k tkrk gksus ds dkj.k nokvksa dk mi;ksx djokuk ,d pqukSrhiw.kZ dk;Z gSA
gS] vr% eSa losZ{k.k Vheksa ds lkFk l'kL=k lgdfeZ;ksa dk ysfdu xk¡o ds ,d Hkh O;fDr dh e`R;q u gks] ;gh esjh izfrc¼rk gS]
izcaèk d:axk ftlls losZ{k.k Vhe dks ck<+ ls lacafèkr {kfr ftlds fy;s fuEufyf[kr iz;kl fd;s tk ldrs gSa&
dh lgh tkudkjh izkIr gks ldsA blds vfrfjDr] ck<+xzLr
z loZiFz ke] eSa xk¡o ds O;fDr;ksa dks le>kuk&cq>kuk vFkkZr~ ^ilq,Z 'ku*
f”kys esa vU; f”kyksa ds losZ{kdksa dks yxk;k tk ldrk gSA
vU; f”kyksa ds losZ{kdksa dks yxkus ls xk¡ookyksa ds fy;s dk mi;ksx d:axk_ ftlds }kjk xk¡o ds dqN cq”kqxks± ,oa ;qok
mUgsa izHkkfor djuk eqf'dy gksxkA O;fDr;ksa dks bl leL;k ls voxr djkÅaxk vkSj muds lg;ksx
(ii) ;fn losZ{k.k Vhe ds lkFk xk¡o ds ncax O;fDr;ksa }kjk dksbZ ls xk¡o ds vU; O;fDr;ksa dks Hkh nokvksa ds lsou ds fy;s dgk
xyr O;ogkj fd;k tkrk gS rks muds fo#¼ dkjZokbZ dh tk ldrk gSA
tk ldrh gSA gk¡] ;g ckr ”k:jh gS fd bl dkjZokbZ ls z xk¡o ds vkl&ikl ekStn w flfoy lkslk;Vh ;k lkekftd dk;ZdÙkkZvksa
xzkeh.k O;fDr;ksa esa Mj iSnk gks ldrk gSA fdarq ;g ,d ds lg;ksx ls xk¡o ds O;fDr;ksa dks tkx:d fd;k tk ldrk gSA
mipkjkRed mik; gS] D;ksafd fcuk xzkeh.k leqnk; ds lg;ksx blds vfrfjDr ehfM;k dk Hkh mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA
ds losZ{k.k dk dk;Z djuk dfBu gSA z xk¡o esa ljdkj ds lg;ksx ls fo'ks"k tkx:drk dk;ZØe pyk;k
(iii) ck<+xzLr bykdksa dh lgh tkudkjh ds fy;s fjeksV lsaflax
tk ldrk gS] ftlesa jktuhfrd O;fDr;ksa vkSj lekt ds izfrf"Br
tSlh rduhdh dk Hkh izHkkoh mik; fd;k tk ldrk gSA
O;fDr;ksa dks cqykdj xk¡o ds O;fDr;ksa ls laokn djokdj egkekjh
vxj losZ{k.k ls lacafèkr folaxfr;ksa dks lekIr dj fn;k
ds izfr tkx:drk c<+kbZ tk ldrh gSA
tk, vFkkZr~ eqvko”kk lgh O;fDr;ksa rd igq¡p tk, rks jkT;
z xk¡o ds tks O;fDr vR;fèkd :f<+ ,oa ijaijkvksa ls ;qDr gSa vkSj
ds èku dk lgh mi;ksx gks tk,xkA
iz'u% vki fdlh fiNM+s gq, xk¡o esa MkWDVj gSaA vkidks ljdkjh tks O;fDr bu nokvksa dk lsou u djus ds fy;s yksxksa ij ncko
iQsyksf'ki feyh Fkh rkfd vki viuh i<+kbZ dks fons'k esa Mkyrs gS_ mUgsa dkuwuh dkjZokbZ dk Hk; fn[kk;k tk ldrk gSA
tkjh j[k ldsa] ysfdu vkius fiNM+s xk¡o ds yksxksa dh lsok eq>s mEehn gS fd mi;qDZ r iz;klksa ds }kjk xk¡o ds O;fDr;ksa dks
djus dk jkLrk pqukA vkidks irk pyrk gS fd bl xk¡o nokvksa dk lsou djus ds fy;s izfs jr fd;k tk ldrk gS rFkk egkekjh
esa gj lky egkekjh vkrh gS] ftlesa dbZ yksxksa dh e`R;q gks ls cpk;k tk ldrk gSA bl izdkj eSa MkWDVj gksus ds ukrs xzkeh.k ,oa oafpr
tkrh gSA vr% vkius bl egkekjh ls fuiVus ds fy;s ,d oxks± ds LokLF; dks csgrj cukus dh izfrc¼rk dk ikyu dj ldrk gwA¡
ubZ nokbZ dk fuekZ.k fd;k gS rkfd ,d Hkh O;fDr dh iz'u% vki ,d is'ksoj f[kykM+h gSa vkSj ,d f[kykM+h ds rkSj ij
tku u tk ldsA fdarq ;g xk¡o :f<+oknh vkSj ijaijkvksa ls
vkidks bruh vkfFkZd enn ugha feyrh gS] ftlls vki
caèkk gqvk gS rFkk xk¡o ds O;fDr vkidh nokvksa dk mi;ksx
viuh rFkk ifjokj dh ”k:jrksa dks iwjk dj ldsaA bldk
djus ls euk dj nsrs gSa tcfd bu nokvksa dk mi;ksx buds
LokLF; ds fy;s vko';d gS rkfd egkekjh ls cp ldsaA udkjkRed izHkko vkids izn'kZu ij Hkh iM+ jgk gSA blh
mi;qZDr izdj.k esa vki D;k fu.kZ; ysaxs\ fu.kZ; dh dkj.k Øe esa vkidks foi{kh Vhe ds iz'kkldksa }kjk fiQfDlax esa
lfgr O;k[;k dhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) lfEefyr gksus ds fy;s izksRlkfgr fd;k tkrk gSA vkids
You are a doctor in a backward village. You had received ifjokj dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr yxkrkj fxjrh tk jgh gS rFkk
a government fellowship to continue your studies abroad vkids fiQfDlax esa lfEefyr gksus ij ,d rjiQ tgk¡ vkids
but you have chosen to serve the people of this backward
ifjokj ds thou&Lrj esa lqèkkj gksxk] ogha nwljh rjiQ
village. You have come to know that every year an
epidemic outbreak kills several people in the village. vkids izn'kZu esa lqèkkj gks ldrk gS vkSj vki ,d f[kykM+h
You have invented a new medicine to deal with this ds rkSj ij ubZ miyfCèk;ksa dks ik ldrs gSaA
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 mi;qZDr izdj.k esa vkids le{k dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi vr% vko';d gS fd eSa viuk fu.kZ; mudks rqjar ns nw¡A
miyCèk gSa\ izR;sd fodYi ds xq.k&nks"kksa dks mfYyf[kr lkj ;gh gS fd ,d is'ksoj f[kykM+h ds rkSj ij esjh lR;fu"Bk
djrs gq, leqfpr fu"d"kZ nsaA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) vius [ksy rFkk Vhe ds izfr gks vkSj fiQfDlax tSls xyr
You are a professional player but you do not get sufficient ÑR;ksa esa 'kkfey u gw¡A vr% eSa fodYi u- ([k) dks vius
remuneration as a player to fulfill your and your family's
needs. This also negatively impacts your performance.
fy;s csgrj ekurk gw¡A
In this situation you are approached by the managers iz'u% vki fdlh 'kgj esa vius ifjokj ls nwj jgdj flfoy lsok
of opposition team to involve in fixing. Amidst the ijh{kk dh rS;kjh djrs gSa rFkk vki vius ifjokj esa
deteriorating financial condition of your family if you ekrk&firk dh vdsyh larku gSaA vkidks irk pyrk gS fd
involve in the fixing not only the quality of life of your
family but also your performance will improve and you
vkidh ekrkth dh rch;r cgqr [kjkc gks xbZ gS rFkk mudh
can achieve new feats as a player. ns[kHkky djus ds fy;s ,d f”kEesnkj O;fDr dh vko';drk
In the above mentioned case what are the options gSA pw¡fd] vkids firkth dks vius dk;Z{ks=k esa tkuk iM+rk
available to you? Explain the pros and cons of each gS vkSj mudh ukSdjh ls vkids ifjokj dk ikyu&iks"k.k
option to reach appropriate conclusion. gksrk gS] bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vkids firkth vkils viuh
mÙkj: mi;qDZ r izdj.k esa esjs le{k fuEufyf[kr fodYi miyCèk gS&a ekrkth dh ns[kHkky djus ds fy;s dgrs gSaA vxys gh dqN
(d) eSa] foi{kh Vhe ds iz'kkldksa ls fiQfDlax esa lfEefyr gksus fnuksa esa vkidh la?k yksd lsok vk;ksx dh eq[; ijh{kk,¡
ds fy;s ^gk¡* dg nw¡A 'kq: gksus okyh gSa rFkk ;g vkidk vafre vfuok;Z
([k) eSa] fiQfDlax esa lfEefyr gksus ds fy;s euk dj nw¡A iz;kl gSA
(x) eSa] foi{kh Vhe ds iz'kkldksa dks bl lacaèk esa dksbZ tokc bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vkids lkeus D;k&D;k fodYi miyCèk
u nw¡ vFkkZr~ bl lacaèk esa dksbZ fu.kZ; u yw¡A gSa\ izR;sd fodYi ds xq.k&nks"kksa dk voyksdu djrs gq,
izR;sd fodYi ds xq.k&nks"k fuEufyf[kr gSa& leqfpr fu"d"kZ nsaA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
You prepare for civil services exam by staying in a city
(i) fiQfDlax esa lfEefyr gksus ij eSa vkfFkZd raxh dks nwj dj
away from your family and you are the only child of
ldrk gw¡ ftlls esjh rFkk ifjokj dh O;fDrxr ”k:jrsa iwjh your parents. You came to know that the health of your
gks ldrh gSaA blds vfrfjDr] fiQfDlax esa lfEefyr gksus mother has deteriorated and a responsible person is
ls izn'kZu dks lqèkkj dj ,d f[kykM+h ds rkSj ij ubZ required to take care of her. Your father has to go to his
work and his job is essential to meet the needs of your
miyfCèk;k¡ ik ldrk gw¡A
family. In these circumstances your father asks you to
orZeku fMftVy ehfM;k ds ;qx esa fiQfDlax dks idM+uk take care of your mother. In the next few days, your
vis{kkÑr vklku gS_ fiQfDlax esa idM+s tkus ij esjk dWfj;j Union Public Service Commission main examination is
lekIr gks ldrk gSA blds vfrfjDr] ^vuSfrd lkèkuksa* dk going to start and this is your last attempt.
mi;ksx djrs gq, liQyrk dks ”;knk nh?kZdkfyd ugha cuk;k In the above mentioned case what are the options
available to you? Explain the pros and cons of each
tk ldrk gSA option to reach appropriate conclusion.
(ii) fiQfDlax esa lfEefyr ugha gksus ij esjh vkfFkZd raxh vkSj
mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k esa esjs futh thou dh f”kEesnkjh vkSj
”;knk xgjh gks ldrh gSA lkFk gh] esjh rFkk ifjokj dh dWfj;j ds eè; }a} gSA nh xbZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa esjs le{k miyCèk
O;fDrxr ”k:jrsa Hkh iwjh ugha gksaxh ftldk udkjkRed fodYiksa dks muds xq.k&nks"kksa lfgr uhps fcanqvksa eas Li"V fd;k x;k gS&
izHkko esjs izn'kZu ij iM+sxkA z mi;qZDr leL;k dk ,d fodYi ;g gks ldrk gS fd eSa ekrkth
fiQfDlax esa u lfEefyr gksus ij Hkys gh vYidky esa esjs dh [kjkc rch;r gksus ij mudh ns[kHkky ds fy;s ?kj pyk tkš]
izn'kZu ij udkjkRed izHkko iM+s] fdarq nh?kZdky esa vius D;ksafd eSa vius ekrk&firk dh vdsyh larku gw¡ vkSj ladV ds
izn'kZu dks csgrj cukus ds fy;s ”k:jh gS fd eSa fiQfDlax le; esjh ;g f”kEesnkjh curh gS fd eSa lc dk;ks± dks NksM+dj
esa lfEefyr u gw¡A ,d f[kykM+h ds rkSj ij ^LiksV~lZeSuf'ki* muds lkFk jgw¡A ?kj okil tkus dh fLFkfr eas eSa eq[; ijh{kk eas
gksuh pkfg;s] tks ;gh fl[kkrh gS fd [ksy esa vuSfrd lkèkuksa 'kkfey ugha gks ikÅaxkA
dk mi;ksx dj vius izn'kZu dks csgrj cukus dk iz;kl z esjs le{k nwljk fodYi ;g gS fd eSa ekrkth dh rch;r ds ckjs
ugha djuk pkfg;sA esa ”;knk fpark u d:¡ vkSj viuk è;ku eq[; ijh{kk ij yxkÅ¡A
(iii) vxj eSa foi{kh Vhe ds iz'kkldksa dks bl lacaèk esa viuk eq[; ijh{kk nsus ds ckn eSa ekrkth dh ns[kHkky d:¡A ijarq ;g
fu.kZ; u nw¡ rks os ;gh le>saxs fd ;g fiQfDlax ds fy;s Hkh gks ldrk gS fd bl chp ekrkth dh rch;r vkSj ”;knk
rS;kj gS ftlls esjh O;fDrxr lR;fu"Bk dk ßkl gksxkA fcxM+ tk, vkSj thou Hkj ds fy;s [+kqn dh u”kjksa esa fxj tkÅ¡A

620
 z pw¡fd ekrkth dh [kjkc rch;r esa mudh ns[kHkky ds fy;s (a) In the above situation, bring out the ethical issues
present before you?
f”kEesnkj O;fDr dh vko';drk gSA eSa fdlh f”kEesnkj lgk;d
(b) Explain the pros and cons of the options given below:
;k lgkf;dk dks mudh ns[kHkky ds fy;s dg ldrk gw¡ vkSj eSa (i) You will go on leave.
viuh eq[; ijh{kk nsus ds ckn ek¡ dh f”kEesnkjh laHkkyus ds fy;s (ii) You will ask your senior officer for advice and will
vk tkÅaxkA ijarq ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd lgk;d ;k lgkf;dk follow it.
(iii) You will keep your point in the media.
viuh f”kEesnkjh dk ikyu u djs] ftlds i'pkr~ ekrkth dh
mÙkj % (a) mDr izdj.k esa esjs le{k ,d iz'kkld ds rkSj ij
rch;r vkSj ”;knk [kjkc gks tk,A
fuEufyf[kr uSfrd eqís mifLFkr gSa&
z eSa eq[; ijh{kk rd vius firkth dks ek¡ dh f”kEesnkjh ds fy;s
z cky lqèkkj x`g esa dk;Zjr vfèkdkjh ds rkSj ij esjh ;g uSfrd
dg ldrk gw¡ D;ksafd firkth] lgk;d ;k lgkf;dk dh vis{kk
f”kEesnkjh gS fd eSa bu ckyd o ckfydkvksa ds thou&Lrj esa
vfèkd f”kEesnkjh ls ekrkth dh [kjkc rch;r dks lqèkkjus dk lqèkkj dk iz;kl d:¡A budk ;kSu 'kks"k.k vkSj vijkèk ds fy;s
iz;kl djsaxsA fdarq blds lkFk gh firkth }kjk f”kEesnkjh laHkkyus izksRlkgu budks cM+k vijkèkh cukus ds fy;s izsfjr djsxkA
ij vkfFkZd raxh dh leL;k iSnk gks ldrh gSA z vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj deZpkfj;ksa ds }kjk >wBh lwpuk iQSykus esa esjh
lexzr% ijh{kk ds dqN fnu iwoZ rd eSa ekrkth ds LokLF; dk lR;fu"Bk] lsok Hkkouk tSls ewY;ksa dk ijh{k.k gSA
[+;ky j[kwaxk rFkk dqN fnu iwoZ eSa vius firkth dks ekrkth dh rch;r z esjh ;g uSfrd f”kEesnkjh gS fd bu vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj deZpkfj;ksa ds
dh f”kEesnkjh nwaxkA blds i'pkr~ ijh{kk lekIr gksus ds i'pkr~ eSa }kjk bu cPpksa ds lkFk tks nqO;Zogkj fd;k x;k gS mldh l”kk fnykÅ¡A
okil ekrkth ds LokLF; dh f”kEesnkjh laHkkyw¡xkA z mi;qZDr izdj.k esa ;g gks ldrk gS fd eSa bu vfèkdkfj;ksa o
iz'u% vki fdlh cky lqèkkjx`g esa dk;Zjr vfèkdkjh gSaA vki bu deZpkfj;ksa dks cpkus dk iz;kl d:¡ vkSj blds cnys buds }kjk
ckyd o ckfydkvksa ds vkpj.k esa lqèkkj rFkk buds thou ehfM;k esa tks xyr lwpuk esjs ckjs esa nh xbZ gS mldks okil ysus
Lrj esa lqèkkj ykus dk iz;kl djrs gSaA ysfdu vkidks irk dks dg¡w ftlls eSa bl dkuwuh izfØ;k ls cp ldw¡A
pyrk gS fd dqN vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj deZPkkfj;ksa ds xBtksM+ mÙkj % (b) uhps fn;s x, fodYiksa ds xq.k&voxq.k fuEufyf[kr gSa&
(i) vki NqV~Vh ij pys tk,axsA
ls budks vijkèk djus ds fy;s izksRlkfgr fd;k tkrk gS
rFkk budk ;kSu 'kks"k.k fd;k tkrk gSA vki bu vfèkdkfj;ksa xq.k% NqV~Vh ij pys tkus ij eSa bl leLr fookn ls cp
ldwaxk vkSj NqV~Vh ls okil vkus ds i'pkr~ fookn BaMk
vkSj deZpkfj;ksa ij dkjZokbZ djus dk fu.kZ; ysrs gSa] ysfdu
gksus ij eSa vius dk;Z{ks=k esa yx tkÅaxkA
bu O;fDr;ksa }kjk ehfM;k esa vkids ckjs esa xyr tkudkjh
voxq.k% NqVV~ h ij pys tkuk] ,d rjg ls viuh f”kEesnkfj;ksa
iQSyk nh tkrh gSA iz'kklu vkils mDr leL;k dk tokc
ls Hkkxus ds leku gSA ,d vfèkdkjh ds :i esa ^esjh 'kiFk*
ekaxrk gSA
;g dgrh gS fd geas vius dk;Z{ks=k ds izfr leiZ.k Hkko
(a) mDr izdj.k esa vkids le{k dkSu&dkSu ls uSfrd eqís o lR;fu"Bk viukuh pkfg;sA
mifLFkr gSa\
(ii) vki vius mPpLFk vfèkdkjh ls bl lacaèk esa lykg ekaxsaxs
(b) uhps fn;s x, fodYiksa ds xq.k&voxq.k dks crkb;s& vkSj mldk ikyu djsaxsA
(i) vki NqV~Vh ij pys tk,axsA xq.k% mPpLFk vfèkdkjh ls bl lacaèk esa lykg ekaxuk ,d
(ii) vki vius mPpLFk vfèkdkjh ls bl lacaèk esa lykg csgrj fodYi gS] D;ksafd vius dk;Z{ks=k ds nkSjku mUgsa buls
ekaxasxs vkSj mldk ikyu djsaxsA lacafèkr eqíksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+k gksxk vkSj bl lacafèkr
(iii) vki ehfM;k esa tkdj viuh ckr dks j[ksaxsA fookn esa ,d csgrj lekèkku ns ldrs gSaA eSa mPPkLFk
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) vfèkdkjh }kjk nh xbZ lykg dks viuh foosdkèkhu 'kfDr;ksa
You are working as an officer in a juvenile home. You ds vuq:i viukÅaxk vkSj tks lykg mfpr gksxh mls ekuwaxkA
try to improve the quality of life and conduct of these (iii) ehfM;k esa tkdj viuh ckr dks turk ds lkeus j[kk tk
boys and girls. But you have come to know that with ldrk gS rkfd lp lkeus vk lds vkSj eSa viuh ckr dks
the nexus of some officials and employees they are Li"V vkSj ikjn'khZ rjhds ls j[kw¡A gkyk¡fd] ;g ckr lp gS
encouraged to commit crimes and are sexually exploited.
fd ,d vfèkdkjh ds :i esa ^vkpkj lafgrk* vkSj ^uhfr
You decide to take action on such officers and employees.
But they disseminate false information about you in the
lafgrk* gksrh gS ftudk ikyu djuk ,d iz'kkld ds fy;s
media. The administration asks for your response on vfuok;Z gksrk gSA vr% eSa bu lafgrkvksa ds nk;js esa jgrs
the allegations. gq, ehfM;k dk mi;ksx d:axkA
621
 fu"d"kZr% cky lqèkkjx`g esa dk;Zjr ,d vfèkdkjh ds rkSj ij esjh Hkh dY;k.kdkjh jkT; ls ;g vis{kk ugha dh tk ldrh gS
;g izkFkfed f”kEesnkjh gS fd eSa bu cPpksa ds thou&Lrj dks O;kid fd O;fDr;kas dh bl izdkj e`R;q gksA blds vfrfjDr]
,oa izxfr'khy cukÅ¡A lkFk gh bu deZpkfj;ksa ,oa vfèkdkfj;ksa dks Hkh ”kgjhyh 'kjkc cukus tSlh fØ;k,¡ jkT; esa Hkz"Vkpkj dh
naM feyuk pkfg;sA bu lHkh iz;klksa ds fy;s uSfrd :i ls f”kEesnkjh izo`fÙk dks Hkh c<+krh gSa] ftl ij vadq'k yxk;k tkuk ”k:jh
esjh gS fd fcuk Mj ;k ncko ds lR;fu"Brk ls bu iz;klksa ds fy;s gSA
vxzlj jgwA¡ ([k) xkSjryc gS fd e|iku vkSj u'kk tSlh izo`fÙk;k¡ fdlh Hkh
iz'u% vki fdlh ,sls jkT; ds eq[; lfpo gSa tgk¡ ij ”kgjhyh ifjokj ds xjhch ds ^nq"pØ* dk dkj.k curh gSa ftlls
'kjkc ihus ds dkj.k dqN yksxksa dh e`R;q gks xbZA vkidks og O;fDr vkSj mldk ifjokj ckgj ugha fudy ikrk gSA
irk gS fd ^xjhch* esa u'kk (e|iku) tSlh izo`fÙk;k¡ xjhch ,d iz'kkld ds :i esa esjh ;g f”kEesnkjh gS fd u'kk tSlh
ds nq'pØ dks vkSj xgjk nsrh gSa rks ogha dqN lkekftd izof` Ùk;ksa ds fo#¼ yksxksa dks tkx:d fd;k tk,A bu tkx:d
laxBuksa] efgyk laxBukas o foi{k }kjk yxkrkj ncko cuk;k dk;ZØeksa esa fofHkUu flfoy lkslk;Vh] lkekftd lewg
tk jgk gS fd jkT; esa 'kjkccanh dks ykxw fd;k tk,A gky laxBu rFkk ehfM;k dk lgkjk ysdj bUgsa vkSj ”;knk izHkkoh
gh esa fofHkUu jkT;ksa }kjk 'kjkccanh ykxw dh xbZ vkSj vkidks
cuk;k tk ldrk gSA lkFk gh] f'k{kk O;oLFkk eas Hkh vkèkkjHkwr
irk pyrk gS fd 'kjkccanh okys jkT;ksa esa blls dqN nwljs
ifjorZu fd;k tk ldrk gSA
izdkj dh leL;k,¡ mRiUu gks xb±] tSls iM+kslh jkT;ksa ls
'kjkc dh voSèk rLdjh ftlls jkT; esa Hkz"Vkpkj dks c<+kok (x) mi;qZDr leL;k dk ,d lekèkku ^'kjkccanh* tSlk fodYi
feykA rks ogha blls mu jkT;ksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk ij Hkh Hkh gks ldrk gSA bl ckr ij xkSj djuk ”k:jh gS fd 'kjkc
udkjkRed izHkko iM+k D;ksafd 'kjkc dh fcØh ls izkIr vk; fcØh jkT; dh vk; dk izeq[k jktLo lzksr gksrk gS vkSj
jkT; ds jktLo dk eq[; lzksr gS ftlls mu jkT;ksa esa vusd 'kjkccanh ds dkj.k ^jktLo gkfu* gksxhA fdarq fdlh Hkh
dY;k.kdkjh dk;ZØeksa dks ykxw djus esa dfBukbZ vk jgh gSA lH; lekt vkSj dY;k.kdkjh jkT; esa ^jktLo gkfu* dks
mi;qDZ Rk izdj.k esa vki ljdkj dks D;k fu.kZ; ysus dk lq>ko ^tugkfu* ij ojh;rk ugha nh tk ldrh gSA ;g ckr lR;
nsxa \s izHkkoh dkj.k lfgr leqfpr fu"d"kZ nsAa gS fd Hkys gh vYidky esa jkT; dh vFkZO;oLFkk ij bldk
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) udkjkRed izHkko iM+s] fdarq nh?kZdky esa jkT; ds dq'ky
You are the chief secretary of a state where few people ekuo lalkèku ds fy;s ;g mi;ksxh lkfcr gksxkA blds
have died due to consumption of toxic liquor. You know vfrfjDr] jkT; ds vk; ds lzksr c<+kus ds fy;s oSdfYid
that alcoholism in poverty deepens the vicious cycle of
poverty. There are persistent pressures by some social lzksr tSls vkfFkZd fØ;kvksa dks c<+kok nsuk] jkT; ds lalkèkuksa
organizations, women organizations and the opposition dk vuqdwyre nksgu bR;kfn dk lgkjk fy;k tk ldrk gSA
for enforcing the prohibition on liquor in the state. You iz'u% vki ,d vè;;ujr Nk=k gaAS vki vè;;u ds fy;s fdlh u,
have come to know that the prohibition of alcohol in some
states has caused some other types of problems like illegal 'kgj esa fdjk;s ds dejs esa jgrs gSAa blh nkSjku vkius ik;k fd
smuggling of alcohol from neighboring states, which has vkidh edku ekyfdu dke djus okyh ,d cPph dks jks”k
encouraged corruption in those states. It also has negative fdlh&u&fdlh ckr dks ysdj izrkfM+r djrh gSA vkils ,d
impact on the economy of those states because the revenue
fnu jgk ugha x;k] vkius edku ekyfdu ls bl ekeys esa
from the sale of liquor was the main source of revenue for
them which helped them in implementation of many ckr dh ysfdu mlus bls viuk O;fDrxr ekeyk dgdj xqLls
welfare programs. ls Vky fn;kA vkidk 'kgj esa dksbZ ifjfpr Hkh ugha gSA vkidks
In the above situation, what will be your recommendation irk gS fd vkidk edku ekfyd cgqr gh l{ke ,oa vkijkfèkd
to the government? With proper reasoning suggest
appropriate conclusion.
izof` Ùk dk O;fDr gSA mldk iM+kfs l;ksa ls Hkh vPNk lacèa k gSA
iqfyl esa f'kdk;r djus ij vkidks ijs'kkfu;ksa dk lkeuk
mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k esa ,d iz'kkld ds :i esa ;g }a} gS fd
og ^e|iku* ;k u'kk tSlh lkekftd cqjkb;ksa ij izfrcaèk yxk, ;k djuk iM+ ldrk gSA
fiQj jkT; dh vFkZO;oLFkk dks e”kcwr djs ftlls fofHkUu dY;k.kdkjh (a) bl lacaèk esa vkids lkeus dkSu&dkSu lh uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡
;kstukvksa dks ykxw djds ^lkekftd dY;k.k* dks c<+kok nsA mRiUu gksaxh\
(d) mi;qZDr leL;k dk dkj.k ”kgjhyh 'kjkc ihus ds dkj.k (b) bl leL;k ds lekèkku ds fy;s vkids le{k dkSu&dkSu
yksxksa dh gqbZ e`R;q gSA vr% ”k:jh gS fd jkT; esa ”kgjhyh ls fodYi gaS\ izR;sd fodYi dk ijh{k.k djrs gq,
'kjkc ds fuekZ.k ij jksd yxkbZ tk, rFkk ”kgjhyh 'kjkc crk;sa fd vki fdl fodYi dk leFkZu djsaxs vkSj
cukus okys O;fDr;ksa ij dkuwuh dkjZokbZ dh tk,A fdlh D;ksa\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)

622
 You are a student and live in a rented room in a new z edku ekyfdu ls bl lacaèk esa ckr dj mUgsa le>kus dk iz;kl
city for your studies. You find that your landlady d:a vkSj mUgsa blds dkuwuh izkoèkkuksa ds ckjs esa le>kus ds lkFk
tortures the girl child working at her home as help,
gh muls ekuork ds lanHkZ esa Hkh bl 'kks"k.k dks jksdus dk vkxzg
everyday on some pretexts. One day when it became
unbearable, you talked to the landlady about this. But
d:aA
by calling it her personal matter she angrily refused to z cPph ls ckr dj mldh eu%fLFkfr vkSj vk£Fkd o ikfjokfjd
talk about it. You have no acquaintance in the city. You i`"BHkwfe ds ckjs esa tkudkjh izkIr d:¡ vkSj mlds ifjokj ls
know that your landlord is a very resourceful and also laidZ LFkkfir dj leL;k dk lekèkku djus dk iz;kl d:aA
has criminal background. He has good relations with
z cPph ds 'kks"k.k dh tkudkjh ogk¡ ds fuokfl;ksa ls lk>k d:a
his neighbors also. You may face trouble if you complain
to the police.
vkSj mudk er tkuus ds lkFk gh vxj dksbZ LFkkuh; ukxfjd
(a) In this situation what ethical dilemmas do you face?
lfefr gS rks mls Hkh tkudkjh nw¡A
(b) What are the options you have to solve this problem? z cPph ds 'kks"k.k ds fp=k dks ysdj ;k ohfM;ks cukdj cPpksa ds
Examine each option. Which one will you choose fy;s le£ir fdlh xSj&ljdkjh laxBu dks bldh tkudkjh nw¡ vkSj
and why? muls cPph dks bl 'kks"k.k ls eqDr djkus ds lkFk gh iqfyl dk;Zokgh
mÙkj% lekt esa cPpksa ds lkFk fdlh izdkj dk 'kkjhfjd] ySafxd vkSj cPph ds fy;s leqfpr O;oLFkk djus dh izkFkZuk d:aA
;k HkkoukRed nqO;Zogkj o fgalk djuk cky mRihM+u ekuk tkrk gS] izFke fodYi dk p;u djus ls eSa vuko';d fookn o leL;k
cPpksa ds lkFk gksus okys mRihM+u esa ?kjsyw ukSdjksa ds :i esa dk;Z djus ls Lo;a dks cpk lowQa xk ysfdu ;g fu.kZ; leL;kvksa ds izfr iyk;uoknh
okys cPpksa ds mRihM+u ds ekeys vfèkd ns[kus dks feyrs gaSA bu ekufldrk dks n'kkZrk gS] blfy;s eSa bl fodYi dk p;u ugha d:axkA
cPpksa dks u fliQZ 'kkjhfjd :i ls izrkfM+r fd;k tkrk gS cfYd nwljk fodYi ,d vko';d iz;kl gS ysfdu vxj edku ekyfdu
ekufld o dgha&dgha ;kSu 'kks"k.k ds :i esa izrkfM+r fd;s tkus dh esa bruh ekuoh;rk gksrh rks oks cPph dk 'kks"k.k gh ugha djrh] ,sls
?kVuk,¡ Hkh ns[kus dks feyrh gSaA lekt esa ,d rjiQ cPpksa ds fy;s esa bl fodYi dk iz;ksx dj cPph ds 'kks"k.k dks jksduk eqf'dy
gksxkA lkFk gh ;gk¡ dkuwu dk mYya?ku gqvk gS ,sls esa bl ekeys esa
lja{k.k ds fy;s reke laoSèkkfud o oSèkkfud mik; fd;s tkrs gaSA
mfpr dk;Zokgh gksuh gh pkfg;sA
ogha] nwljh rjiQ cPpksa ds f[kykiQ gksus okys bl izdkj ds mRihM+u
rhljs fodYi ds iz;ksx ls cPph dh ekufld fLFkfr dks tkudj
ds izfr fuf"Ø;rk vke èkkj.kk gks xbZ gSA ,d lerkewyd o izxfr'khy
mls 'kks"k.k vkSj vfèkdkjksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nh tk ldrh gS] lkFk
lekt ds fuekZ.k ds fy;s bl izdkj dh xfrfofèk;kas ij fu;a=k.k yxk;k
gh mlds ifjokj ds yksxksa ls laidZ dj mUgsa 'kks"k.k ls voxr djk;k
tkuk pkfg;sA tk ldrk gSA 'kk;n os cPph dks ;gk¡ dke ij u Hkstas ysfdu nwljh
mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr izdj.k dk vè;;u djus ij esjs le{k dqN txg Hkstsaxs ,sls esa cky Je dk flyflyk tkjh jgsxkA vxj ifjokj
uSfrd nqfoèkk,a mRiUu gksrh gSa ftUgsa fuEu :iksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA cPph dks dgha Hkh cky Je djus gsrq u Hkstus ds fy;s jkth gks rHkh
uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡ bl leL;k dk lekèkku gks ldrk gS ysfdu ,slk gksuk eqf'dy
yxrk gSA
z ,d rjiQ cPph dks 'kks"k.k ls cpkuk ”k:jh gS rks nwljh rjiQ]
pkSFks fodYi dh izHkkfork Hkh de gh gksxh D;ksafd edku ekfyd
esjk vè;;u Hkh vR;fèkd izHkkfor ugha gksuk pkfg;sA
l{ke vkSj vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk dk gSA lkFk gh gks ldrk gS fd vU;
z cPph dks edku ekyfdu ds 'kks"k.k ls eqDr djkuk vko';d gS ?kjksa esa Hkh ,slk gh 'kks"k.k gks jgk gks] ,sls esa bl fodYi dh liQyrk
ysfdu blds ckn cPph ds le{k vk£Fkd leL;k dh fodV dh laHkkouk Hkh de gh gSA
ifjfLFkfr mifLFkr gks tk,xh bl vksj Hkh è;ku nsuk gksxkA ik¡poka fodYi dk p;u lHkh n`f"V;ksa ls mfpr gS D;ksafd cky
z cPpksa ls dke djokuk dkuwuu vijkèk gS ,sls esa bl 'kks"k.k vkSj Je dkuwuu vijkèk ds lkFk gh ekuoh;rk dh n`f"V ls Hkh mfpr ugha
dkuwu dh vogsyuk dks pqipki lgu djuk lgh ugha gksxk ysfdu gSA cPph dks f'k{kk o mlds cpiu tSls ewy vfèkdkjksa ls oafpr
lkFk gh fofèkd o iqfyl dk;Zokgh ds pozQ esa my>us dh leL;kA fd;k tk jgk gS] blhfy;s xSj&ljdkjh laxBu ls laidZ dj vkSj mUgsa
z 'kk;n edku ekyfdu eq>s gh dejk [kkyh djus dks dgs] ,sls vko';d lcwr miyCèk djkdj edku ekyfdu ds f[kykiQ dkuwuh
esa cPph dk 'kks"k.k tkjh jgus ds lkFk gh esjs le{k vkokl dh dk;Zokgh gksuh pkfg;s ftlls vU; yksxksa esa Hkh cky Je dks ysdj
leL;kA Mj mRiUu gksxk] lkFk gh cPph ds fy;s leqfpr f'k{kk vkSj vU;
vko';d lqfoèkkvksa dh O;oLFkk xSj&ljdkjh laxBu ds ekè;e ls gks
(b) miyCèk fodYi
ldsxhA eSa Hkh viuh {kerk vuqlkj cPph dh enn djus dk iz;kl
z eSa bl ekeys dh vuns[kh dj fliZQ vius vè;;u ij è;ku dsafnzr d:axk vkSj vxj eq>s esjk dejk [kkyh Hkh djuk iM+k rks Hkh eq>s
d:¡A [kq'kh gh gksxh fd eSaus 'kks"k.k ds f[kykiQ la?k"kZ fd;k gSA
623
iz'u% vki ,d jktuhfrd ikVhZ ds vè;{k gSaA 'kh?kz gh foèkku mnkgj.k ds :i esa ns[ksa rks efgykvksa dh Nfo] jktuhfrd {ks=k esa
lHkk lnL;ksa dk pquko gksuk gSA vki fdlh {ks=k fo'ks"k ds iq#"kksa dh vis{kk csgrj jgh gSA fofHkUu ljdkjh o xSj&ljdkjh ,tsafl;k¡
fy;s fdlh efgyk mEehnokj dks viuh ikVhZ dh rjiQ ls Hkh bldk leFkZu djrh gSaA
fVdV nsuk pkgrs gSaA vkidks efgyk ds ckjs esa irk gS fd mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr izdj.k dk voyksdu djus ij bl ifjfLFkfr
og cgqr gh lkiQ Nfo dh usrk gS vkSj lekt ds fiNM+s ds lanHkZ esa dqN pqukSfr;k¡ mRiUu gksxa h] ftUgsa fuEu :iksa esa ns[kk tk
o detksj oxZ ds fy;s dqN djus ds fy;s n`<+ ladfYir
ldrk gS&
gSA vkids }kjk fy;s x, bl fu.kZ; dk ikVhZ ds vU; lnL;
z efgyk dks fVdV nsus ls ikVhZ ds vU; lnL;ksa }kjk esjs vè;{k
fojksèk dj jgs gSaA mudk ekuuk gS fd efgyk mEehnokj
tuvkdka{kkvksa dh iw£r djus esa l{ke ugha gSA os mldh in dks ysdj fojksèk fd;k tk ldrk gSA
txg fdlh iq#"k ds uke dk lq>ko ns jgs gSa] tks ,d z efgyk mEehnokj dh txg iq#"k mEehnokj dks ikVhZ dk fVdV

vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk dk O;fDr gSA ml ij igys Hkh Hkz"Vkpkj nsus ls ,d ;ksX;] bZekunkj o liQy Nfo dh efgyk mEehnokj
o vijkèk ls lacafèkr dsl py jgs gSa ysfdu og fiNys dks u”kjvank”k djuk gksxk] lkFk gh blls ,d Hkz"V O;fDr dk
nks ckj ls pquko thrrk vk jgk gSA ikVhZ ds vU; lnL;ksa ikVhZ esa inkiZ.k gksxk ftlls ikVhZ dh Nfo èkwfey gks ldrh gS]
}kjk fojksèk bl vkèkkj ij Hkh fd;k tk jgk gS fd vkidk esjs }kjk mBk, x, bl dne ls pquko esa ifj.kke dks ysdj foijhr
efgyk ls O;fDrxr lacaèk gSA izHkko iM+ ldrk gSA
(a) mDr ifjfLFkfr ds lanHkZ esa vkids le{k dkSu&dkSu lh z efgyk mEehnokj dks fVdV fn;s tkus dks ikVhZ esa fojksèk dj jgs
pqukSfr;k¡ gSa\ yksxksa }kjk bl vkèkkj ij rwy fn;k tk ldrk gS fd eSa ikVhZ esa
(b) bl izdj.k esa vki dkSu&lk fu.kZ; ysaxs\ lkFk gh vki O;fDrxr lacaèkksa dks egÙo ns jgk gw¡] lkFk gh blls esjh O;fDrxr
vius fojksfèk;ksa dks 'kkar djus ds fy;s D;k dne Nfo dks èkwfey fd;k tk ldrk gSA
mBk,axs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
mÙkj % (b) mi;qZDr izdj.k ds lanHkZ esa eSa efgyk mEehnokj dks
You are the president of a political party. Legislative
Assembly elections are to be conducted soon. You want gh fVdV nsus dk fu.kZ; ywaxk D;ksafd efgyk mEehnokj lkiQ Nfo dh
to give a ticket from your party to a female candidate. usrk gksus ds lkFk&lkFk lekt ds de”kksj oxZ ds yksxksa ds fy;s dqN
You know that the woman has a very clear image and djus ds fy;s n`<+ ladfYir gSA ikVhZ esa ,sls lnL;ksa dks LFkku nsus ls
is determined to do something for the backward and
ikVhZ dh Nfo] lekt esa vkSj e”kcwr gksxhA esjs }kjk fy;s x, bl
weaker sections of society. Other members of the party
are opposing this decision taken by you. They believe fu.kZ; ls ikVhZ esa ,d vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk ds Hkz"V usrk dk izos'k gksus
that the woman candidate is not able to fulfill the wishes ls ikVhZ dks gksus okys uqdlku ls Hkh cpk;k tk ldsxkA
of the people. They are suggesting a man's name in her eSa bl ekeys esa vius fojksfèk;ksa dks 'kkar djkus ds fy;s lcls
place, who is a person of criminal antecedent. Cases of
corruption and crime are already lodged against him.
igys ikVhZ esa 'kkfey lHkh lnL;ksa dks ysdj dk;Zdkfj.kh dh ,d
He has been winning the election for the last two terms. cSBd cqykmQaxk rRi'pkr~ cSBd esa izeq[k mEehnokj dks fVdV fn;s
The members of the party are also opposing on the basis tkus esa bl dne ls iM+us okys udkjkRed izHkko dks ysdj Hkh ikVhZ
that you have a personal relationship with the lady. ds lnL;ksa dks ifjfpr djkmQaxkA lkFk gh] efgyk mEehnokj dks ysdj
(a) What are the challenges you have in this situation?
lnL;ksa dh èkkj.kk esa cnyko ykus dk Hkh iz;kl d:axkA
(b) What will be your decision in this case? What steps
will you take to pacify your opponents? bl lanHkZ esa vrhr esa liQy dqN efgyk mEehnokjksa dh lwph
mÙkj% lekt esa efgykvksa dks gs; o fucZy n`f"V ls ns[kus dh izLrqr d:axk ftUgksaus lekt esa vius dk;ks± }kjk yksxksa esa ,d l'kDr
voèkkj.kk cgqr izkphu le; ls gh izpyu esa jgh gSA fcuk fdlh Nfo cukbZ gS] lkFk gh blls ikVhZ dh Nfo dks e”kcwrh Hkh feyh gSA
otg ls gj ekeys esa mUgsa de”kksj ekudj mudh izfrHkk dks nck tgk¡ rd lnL;ksa }kjk efgyk ls esjs O;fDrxr lacaèkksa dks ysdj fojksèk
fn;k tkrk gSA lkFk gh] lekt fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa efgykvksa }kjk fn;s fd;s tkus dh ckr gS] eSa efgyk ds lacaèk esa mldh ;ksX;rk dk ifjp;
tkus okys muds ;ksxnku ls Hkh vNwrk jg tkrk gSA jktuhfrd {ks=k esa nsrs gq, fcuk fdlh i{kikr ds fVdV fn;s tkus ds ladYi dh ckr
iq#"kksa dh vis{kk efgykvksa dks de egÙo fn;k tkrk gS ftlds dkj.k dks nksgjkmQaxkA ”k:jr iM+us ij ml efgyk dks fojksèk djus okys
dbZ v;ksX;] Hkz"V o vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk ds yksxksa dk lekos'k fofHkUu lnL;ksa ls O;fDrxr :i ls ifjfpr djkmQaxk] bl ekeys esa liQkbZ
jktuhfrd inksa esa gksus yxrk gSA tcfd fiNys dqN o"kks± dks vxj izLrqr djds fojksfèk;ksa dks 'kkar djkus dk iz;kl d:axkA

624
iz'u% vkidks ,d vR;fèkd fiNM+s f”kys dk f”kykfèkdkjh cuk;k gS ftldk dkj.k fofHkUu ljdkjh ;kstukvksa ds vizHkkoh fozQ;kUo;u
x;k gSA f”kys esa tknw&Vksuk] >kM+&iwQa d ij vR;fèkd fo'okl dks ekuk tk ldrk gSA
fd;k tkrk gSA ftys ds ,d xk¡o esa fiNys dqN fnuksa ls mÙkj % (b) mi;qZDr ifjfLFkfr ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr fodYiksa
cPps fdlh laozQked jksx ds f'kdkj gks jgs gSa rFkk blds dk p;u fd;k tk ldrk gS&
dkj.k dqN cPpksa dh e`R;q Hkh gks xbZA ,d fuèkZu efgyk z eSa bl ?kVuk dks u”kjvank”k dj nw¡A
tks fHk{kko`fÙk dj thou;kiu djrh gS] ds mQij xk¡o ds z viuh dk;Zokgh fliZQ efgyk dks lqjf{kr djus rd gh lhfer j[kwaA
yksx bl vkink dk vkjksi yxk jgs gSaA xk¡o ds fuokfl;ksa
z vius mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa ls laidZ dj muls fn'kk&funsZ'k izkIr d:a
}kjk ml efgyk dks idM+dj ,d [kEHks esa ckaèkdj Mk;u
vkSj mlh vuq:i dk;Zokgh d:¡A
dgdj ;kruk nh tk jgh gSA bl ;kruk ds dkj.k ml
z cPpksa dh laozQked jksxksa ls e`R;q gks jgh gS] bldh jksdFkke ds
efgyk dh e`R;q gks ldrh gSA
fy;s fd;s x, mik;ksa vkSj tkx:drk ds lacaèk esa vxj dksbZ
(a) lekt esa ?kfVr gksus okys bl izdkj ds izdj.k dks
ykijokgh gqbZ gS rks vko';d dk;Zokgh dj lacafèkr vfèkdkfj;ksa
vki fdl :i esa ns[krs gSa\
vkSj deZpkfj;ksa dks nf.Mr d:¡A
(b) bl izdj.k ds lacaèk esa vkids ikl dkSu&dkSu ls
vxj izFke fodYi viukdj eSa bl ?kVuk dks u”kjvank”k djrk
fodYi gSa\ bl lanHkZ esa vki fdl fodYi dk pquko
gw¡ rks ;g ,d xaHkhj ykijokgh gksxh 'kk;n xzkeh.k ml o`¼ efgyk
djsaxs\ rdZ ds lkFk ppkZ djsaA (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
dh gR;k dj nsa vkSj vxj eSa ykijokgh dj mfpr dk;Zokgh ugha
You have been appointed as the District Magistrate of
an extremely backward district. Sorcery is highly djrk gw¡ rks eSa Hkh ,d :i ls bl ÑR; esa Hkkxhnkj cu tkmaQxkA vr%
practiced in the district. For the last few days in a village eSa bl fodYi dk p;u ugha d:axkA
in the district, children are becoming victims of some f}rh; fodYi dk p;u dj eSa iqfyl iz'kklu dks o`¼ efgyk
infectious disease and due to this some children have
dks lqjf{kr djus dk funsZ'k nw¡xk ysfdu bl dk;Zokgh ls 'kk;n xzkeh.kksa
also died. People of the village are blaming a poor
woman for this who makes a living by begging. The vkSj iqfyl ds chp ¯glk gks ldrh gS] blhfy;s bl ?kVuk esa fliZQ
villagers have held her captive, tied her to a pillar and iqfyl dk;Zokgh gh ugha cfYd flfoy vfèkdkfj;ksa dks Hkh viuh
are torturing her by calling her a witch. The woman mfpr Hkwfedk dk fuokZg djuk gksxkA vr% eSa bl fodYi dk Hkh
may die due to this torture. p;u ugha d:axkA
(a) How do you look at these type of incidents happening
in the society?
r`rh; fodYi ds vuqlkj] vius mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa ls laidZ dj
(b) What are the options available to you? Which option muls fn'kk&funsZ'k izkIr d:axkA ysfdu bl izfozQ;k esa oDr yx ldrk
would you choose? Discuss. gS vkSj bl izdj.k esa Rofjr dk;Zokgh dh vko';drk gSA vr% ;g
mÙkj% vkt Hkkjr esa egkjk"Vª o dukZVd ds ckn iwjs ns'k esa fodYi Hkh vfèkd izHkkoh ugha yxrk gSA
tknw&Vksuk] >kM+&i¡wQd vkfn ds izfr vaèkJ¼k fojksèkh dkuwu dh l[r pkSFks fodYi ds varxZr cPpksa dh laozQked jksxksa ls e`R;q gks jgh
”k:jr gS rkfd vkLFkk dh nqgkbZ nsrs gq, bl izdkj ds ÑR;ksa esa fyIr gS] ,sls esa D;k dksbZ iz'kkldh; ykijokgh gqbZ gS ftlls cPpksa dks
reke xjhc] oafprksa dks Ny ls cpk;k tk ldsA ns'k esa fiNM+s gq, mfpr bykt ugha fey ldk vkSj yksxksa dks tkx:d ugha fd;k tk
dqN f”kyksa esa vHkh Hkh bl izdkj ds ÑR;ksa ds izfr J¼k fn[kkbZ nsrh ldkA vr% bl lacaèk esa Hkh nksf"k;ksa ij vko';d dk;Zokgh gksuh pkfg;s
gS] ,d izxfr'khy lekt ds fuekZ.k ds fy;s bl ij izHkkoh fu;a=k.k ysfdu bl le; izkFkfedrk efgyk dks lqjf{kr djus dh gksuh pkfg;sA
fd;s tkus dh vko';drk gSA vr% vafre fodYi dk iz;ksx dj eSa Lo;a Rofjr :i ls xk¡o
mÙkj % (a) lekt esa ?kfVr gksus okys bl izdkj ds izdj.kksa ls esa iqfyl cy dks ysdj tkmaQxk vkSj xzkeh.kksa dks le>kdj ;k FkksM+k
;g irk pyrk gS fd vHkh Hkh lekt ds dqN {ks=kksa esa fuokl djus cy iz;ksx dj efgyk dks lqjf{kr d:axkA vko';d gqvk rks xzkeh.kksa
okys yksxksa esa oSKkfud o rk£dd psruk dk vHkko gS ftlds dkj.k dks muds vkijkfèkd ÑR; ds lacèa k esa tkudkjh nsdj mu ij vkijkfèkd
bl izdkj dh xfrfofèk;ksa esa o`f¼ gks jgh gSA bl izdkj ds izdj.k eqdnesa dh psrkouh Hkh nw¡xkA o`¼ efgyk dks vko';d fpfdRlk
dks ns[kus ls ;g vanktk Hkh yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd bl vaèkJ¼k ds mipkj ds fy;s vLirky Hkstus dh O;oLFkk d:axkA blds i'pkr~
dkj.k dqN yksxksa ds ekuokfèkdkjksa dk mYya?ku gks jgk gS] lkFk gh laozQked jksx ds mipkj vkSj tkx:drk dh deh ds fy;s f”kEesnkj
lekt ds dqN oxks± esa vHkh Hkh f'k{kk o tkx:drk dh deh gSA ml yksxksa ij mfpr dk;Zokgh d:axkA ;g lqfuf'pr djus dk iz;kl d:axk
{ks=k fo'ks"k esa fpfdRlk O;oLFkk dk vHkko gSA vrhfUnz; o nq"V 'kfDr;ksa fd bl laozQked jksx ls cPpksa dh e`R;q u gks] blds lkFk gh iqfyl
ds izfr yksxksa dk fo'okl vHkh Hkh izcy gSA lkFk gh] bl izdkj ds dks iQ”khZ ckckvksa vkSj rkaf=kdksa ds f[kykiQ vko';d dk;Zokgh djus
ekeyksa dks ns[kus ls ;g vanktk Hkh yxrk gS fd ljdkj }kjk yksxksa dk funsZ'k nw¡xkA lkFk gh] f”kys esa vaèkfo'oklksa ds f[kykiQ ,d
esa f'k{kk o tkx:drk ykus ds fy;s fd;s tkus okys iz;klksa esa deh tutkx:drk dk;ZozQe pykus dk Hkh iz;kl d:axkA
625
iz'u% vki fdlh f”kys esa iqfyl fujh{kd ds in ij dk;Zjr gSa] z eq>s Rofjr iqfyl dk;Zokgh djuh pkfg;s ftlls bl izdkj ds
vkids f”kys ds dqN ncax yksxksa }kjk 'kjkc dk voSèk :i voSèk 'kjkc ds mRiknu dks jksdk tk lds ,oa vijkfèk;ksa dks naM
ls fuekZ.k fd;k tk jgk gSA 'kjkc cukus okyksa dk vius fn;k tk ldsA
{ks=k ds foèkk;d ls vPNs lacaèk gaS_ lkFk gh] bl izdkj dh z mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa ls laidZ dj muls fn'kk&funsZ'k izkIr dj
xfrfofèk;ksa esa og Lo;a Hkh lg;ksx dj jgk gSA bl izdkj dk;Zokgh d:axkA
ds cuus okys 'kjkc ds lsou ls yksxksa ds LokLF; ij mÙkj % (b) mi;qZDr esa ls igys fodYi dk p;u djus ls esjs
vR;fèkd foijhr izHkko iM+ jgk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd dqN O;fDrxr fgr dks {fkr igq¡pus dh fdlh Hkh laHkkouk dks lekIr djrk
yksxksa dh e`R;q Hkh blds dkj.k gqbZ gSA vki bl izdkj dh gS ftlls esjk thou iwoZor dh Hkk¡fr ;Fkkor~ vkjke ls pyrk jgsxk
xfrfofèk;ksa esa fyIr O;fDr;ksa ds f[kykiQ dk;Zokgh djrs vkSj eSa vuko';d :i ls vius o vius ifjokj dks fdlh tksf[ke
gSa rks buds }kjk fj'or fn;s tkus dh is'kd'k dh tkrh gSA esa Mkyus ls Lo;a dks cpk ldw¡xk ysfdu esjs bl fu.kZ; ls bl izdkj
vkids }kjk euk fd;s tkus ij xaHkhj ifj.kke Hkqxrus dh ds voSèk dkjksckj esa fyIr O;fDr;ksa dk eukscy c<+sxk vkSj ogha 'kjkc
psrkouh nh tkrh gSA ds voSèk dkjksckj ij fu;a=k.k u yxus ls dbZ vkSj yksxksa dh tku tk
(a) vkids le{k bl izdj.k esa dkSu&ls fodYi ekStwn gSa\ ldrh gSA lkFk gh] bl fodYi dk p;u esjh uSfrdrk] bZekunkjh o
(b) izR;sd fodYi dk ijh{k.k djrs gq, csgrj fodYi lR;fu"Brk ij Hkh iz'ufpÉ mRiUu djrk gS] vr% bl fodYi dk
lq>k,¡A  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) p;u djuk lgh ugha gksxkA
You are appointed as a Superintendent of Police in a nwljs fodYi dk p;u djuk rks uSfrd n`f"V ls lgh gS ysfdu
district. Alcohol is being illegally produced by some Rofjr dk;Zokgh djus ls bl dkjksckj esa fyIr ncax yksx lrdZ gks
influential people in your district. The wine makers have
tk,axsA pw¡fd buds ;gk¡ ds foèkk;dksa ls vPNs lacaèk gSa] vr% eq>s
good relations with the local MLA who is also
collaborating in such activities. Consumption of alcohol fj'or tSls ekeyksa esa i¡Qlk;k tk ldrk gS] lkFk gh esjk LFkkukarj.k
produced in such a manner has been making a profound dgha vkSj djk;k tk ldrk gSA blfy;s Rofjr dk;Zokgh djus dk
adverse impact on people's health. Some people have fu.kZ; ysuk rkRdkfyd :i ls lgh ugha gksxkA
even died due to this. If you take action against persons
engaged in such activities, they offer you bribe. When
mi;qZDr nksuksa fodYiksa dks vLohdkj djus ds ckn eSa rhljs
you refuse, you are warned to suffer severe consequences. fodYi dk p;u djuk lgh le>awxkA eSa vius mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa dks
(a) What are the options available to you? laiw.kZ izdj.k ls voxr djkmQaxk vkSj muls mfpr fn'kk&funsZ'k izkIr
(b) Examine each option and suggest the best djus dk iz;kl d:axkA muds fn'kk&funsZ'kksa dks viuh dk;Zokgh esa
alternative. ;FkklaHko lfEefyr djus dk iz;kl d:axk vkSj iqfyl ny&cy ds
mÙkj% Hkkjr ds dqN jkT;ksa ds dqN f”kyksa esa 'kjkc ds voSèk lkFk voSèk 'kjkc ds fBdkuksa ij dk;Zokgh dj mUgsa u"V d:axkA lkFk
fuekZ.k dk dkjksckj [kwc iQyrk&iwQyrk jgk gSA bl izdkj ds dkjksckj gh blds ckn ehfM;k vkSj ukxfjdksa ds lg;ksx ls 'kjkc ds fo#¼
esa ogk¡ ds LFkkuh; o ncax yksxksa dh lafyIrrk rks ikbZ gh tkrh gS tutkx:drk dk;ZozQe pykus dk iz;kl d:axk vkSj tgk¡ rd ncaxksa
lkFk gh blesa ogk¡ ds LFkkuh; jktuhfrKksa dk lg;ksx Hkh gksrk gS] dh èkedh dk loky gS] ,d iqfyl fujh{kd gksdj vxj eSa mudh
ftlds dkj.k bl izdkj ds vijkèk esa fyIr yksxksa dks 'kg feyrh gS èkedh ls M:axk rks vijkfèk;ksa ds gkSlys cqyan gks tk,axs rFkk yksxksa
vkSj bu ij dkuwuh dk;Zokgh djus esa Hkh ckèkk vkrh gSA 'kjkc ds bl dk iqfyl ls fo'okl mB tk,xkA vr% eSa iwjh bZekunkjh] fuMjrk]
izdkj ds mRiknu esa dbZ ckj ”kgjhys rÙo ik, tkrs gSa ftlds lsou lR;fu"Bk vkSj fcuk fdlh jktuhfrd ncko ds dk;Zokgh d:axkA
ls dbZ yksxksa dh tku rd pyh tkrh gSA bl izdkj ls cuh 'kjkc dh iz'u% vHkh gky gh esa vkids cM+s HkkbZ dh 'kknh gqbZ gSA vkids
dher de gksus ds dkj.k bldk lcls vfèkd lsou xjhc yksx gh ekrk&firk ijaijkxr ,oa :f<+oknh lksp j[krs gSaA vkids
djrs gSa ftlds dkj.k muds LokLF; ij foijhr izHkko iM+rk gSA ,slh HkkbZ dh iRuh dk p;u fdlh ljdkjh in gsrq gqvk gSA
?kVuk,¡ vk, fnu lekpkjksa esa ns[kus dks feyrh gaSA bl izdkj ds voSèk vkids ekrk&firk }kjk bl in dks u èkkj.k djus dh
dkjksckj ij fu;a=k.k yxkus ds fy;s izHkkoh iz;kl djuk pkfg;sA LohÑfr ”kkfgj dh tkrh gSA mudk ekuuk gS fd vkSjrsa ?kj
mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr ifjfLFkfr ds lanHkZ esa esjs le{k ekStwn fodYiksa dk lEeku gksrh gSa] ckgj tkdj ukSdjh djus ls ifjokj ds
dks fuEu :iksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gS& lEeku esa deh vk ldrh gSA vkids ifjokj dk lkekftd
z pw¡fd bl ekeys esa vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk ds yksxksa o jktuhfrd :i ifjos'k Hkh blh rjg dh :f<+oknh o ijaijkxr lksp okyk
ls l'kDr yksxksa dh Hkwfedk gSA vr% eq>s vius O;fDrxr thou gSA vkids cM+s HkkbZ dh iRuh ukSdjh djuk pkgrh gSa vkSj
dks tksf[ke esa Mkyus ls cpus ds fy;s bl ekeys dks iwjh rjg blds fy;s ifjokj dk fojksèk Hkh djrh gSaA ?kjokyksa ds
u”kjvank”k djuk pkfg;sA vfM+;y joS;s ds dkj.k ekeyk rykd rd igq¡p tkrk gSA

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 (a) mDr ifjfLFkfr esa vkids le{k dkSu&dkSu lh uSfrd mi;qZDr fodYiksa esa igys fodYi dk p;u esa vxj O;fDr fgr
nqfoèkk,¡ gSa\ dh n`f"V ls ns[kk tk, rks blls eSa vius vki dks vuko';d :i ls
(b) bl ekeys esa vkids ikl dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi gSa\ fdlh fookn esa iM+us ls Lo;a dks cpk ldw¡xk ysfdu bl fodYi dk
izR;sd fodYi dk ijh{k.k djrs gq, csgrj fodYi p;u fdlh Hkh n`f"V ls mfpr ugha gksxk D;ksafd bl fodYi dk p;u
lq>k,¡A (250 'kCn] 20 vad) LokFkZ o iyk;uokfnrk dh vksj ladsr djrk gS] lkFk gh bl fodYi
Recently your elder brother has got married. Your dk leFkZu esjh dÙkZO;fu"Brk] mÙkjnkf;Ro tSls ewY;ksa ds ikyu ij Hkh
parents are of traditional and conservative mindset.
Your sister-in-law has been selected for a government iz'ufpÉ mRiUu djrk gSA vr% bl fodYi dk leFkZu ugha fd;k
post. Your parents are opposed to her taking up the job. tk ldrkA
They believe that women are honour of the home and nwljs fodYi dk leFkZu djus ls eSa vius ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ls
respect of the family will be lowered by their going out
at work. The social background of your family is also igys ls vkSj csgrj lacaèk cukus esa rks liQy jgw¡xk ysfdu bl fodYi
rooted in similar conservative and traditional mindset. dk leFkZu uSfrd n`f"V ls lgh ugha gksxk D;ksafd bl fodYi ds leFkZu
Your sister-in-law wants to work and for this she is ls efgyk ds vfèkdkjksa dk guu gksxk] lkFk gh bl fodYi dk p;u
willing to oppose the family view. Due to the irreconcilable
esjh oLrqfu"Brk] fu"i{krk tSls ewY;ksa ij loky [kM+k djrk gSA
attitude of the family, the matter has reached to the
point of divorce. mi;qZDr nksuksa fodYiksa dks vLohdkj djus ds ckn eSa ,d csgrj
(a) What ethical dilemmas do you have in the above fodYi ds :i esa rhljs fodYi dk leFkZu d:axk D;ksafd efgykvksa
situation? dks Hkh lkoZtfud thou thus dh vk”kknh feyuh pkfg;s] fdlh efgyk
(b) What are the options available to you? Examine
ds }kjk ljdkjh in èkkj.k djus ek=k ls fdlh ds ifjokj ds lEeku
each option and suggest the best one.
esa dksbZ deh ugha vkrh] bl ckr dk leFkZu eSa vkt lekt esa mUufr
mÙkj% lekt esa L=kh dks lHkh fojksèkh o :f<+oknh fopkjksa ls
ds f'k[kj ij igq¡p pqdh] reke efgykvksa dks mnkgj.k ds :i esa
eqDr djds L=kh&iq#"k lekurk yk, tkus dh ckr rks ges'kk gh ppkZ
dk fo"k; jgrh gS ysfdu vHkh Hkh lEeku ds uke ij fL=k;ksa ds lkFk izLrqr djds d:axk] ftlls bu efgykvksa ds ifjokj ds lEeku esa
HksnHkko tkjh gSA dHkh bl lEeku ds uke ij lkoZtfud thou esa o`f¼ gqbZ gS] u fd deh vkbZ gSA lkFk gh eSa vius ifjtuksa dks ;g
Hkkx ysus ls fL=k;ksa dks euk fd;k tkrk gS rks dHkh fL=k;ksa dks feyus le>kus dk iz;kl Hkh d:axk fd rykd dh fLFkfr ls gekjk ifjokj
okys volj ls mUgsa oafpr dj fn;k tkrk gSA ysfdu lPpkbZ ;gh gS fc[kj ldrk gSA bl fodYi esa lHkh mfpr ekinaMksa dk ikyu fd;k
fd fcuk efgykvksa dks lkoZtfud thou esa lfEefyr fd;s rFkk mudks x;k gS] bl fodYi esa vius ifjokj dks cpkus dk iz;kl rks fd;k
izkIr gksus okys voljksa dh LohÑfr fn;s fcuk efgykvksa dk l'kDrhdj.k gh x;k gS] lkFk gh ;gk¡ efgyk vfèkdkjksa ds laj{k.k dk leFkZu Hkh
laHko ugha gSA vr% lekt dks efgykvksa ds izfr lksp cnyus dh fd;k x;k gSA
vko';drk gSA iz'u% vkidks fdlh pquko {ks=k dk eq[; dk;Zdkjh vfèkdkjh
mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr izdj.k dk voyksdu djus ij esjs le{k fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSA vkids pquko {ks=k esa ,d ,sls izR;k'kh
fuEu uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡ mRiUu gksaxh& dk pquko gksuk gS tks vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk dk O;fDr gS] lkFk
z esjs }kjk bl ekeys esa pqi jguk rFkk vius ekrk&firk vkSj HkkbZ gh mlds ckjs esa ,d vke èkkj.kk ;g Hkh gS fd mlus iwoZ
dk lg;ksx djuk D;k uSfrd n`f"V ls mfpr dne gksxk\ ds pqukoksa esa èkkaèkyh djds thr gkfly dh gSA ;g izR;k'kh
z bl ekeys esa vius cM+s HkkbZ dh iRuh dk lg;ksx djuk o mldk vkils laidZ djds pquko esa vfu;ferrk fd;s tkus dk
i{k j[kus ij esjs ekrk&firk vkSj HkkbZ #"V gks ldrs gSaA ncko cuk jgk gSA vkids }kjk mldh ekax dks vLohÑr
z bl tfVy lkekftd ifjos'k esa jgus okys vius ifjokj ds ifjtuksa fd;s tkus ij vatke Hkqxrus dh psrkouh nh tkrh gSA
dh :f<+oknh o ijaijkxr lksp cnyus esa D;k eSa liQy gks ikmQaxkA (a) pqukoksa esa gksus okys bl izdkj ds izdj.k dks vki fdl
mÙkj % (b) mi;qZDr ekeys ds lanHkZ esa fuEu fodYiksa dk p;u :i esa ns[krs gSa\ vkids vuqlkj pquko esa ,slh
fd;k tk ldrk gS& xfrfofèk;ksa ij fu;a=k.k gsrq D;k fd;k tkuk pkfg;s\
z eSa bl ekeys ls iwjh rjg rVLFk jgw¡] D;ksafd lkekftd ifjos'k (b) vkids le{k dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi gSa\ izR;sd fodYi
tfVy gksus ds dkj.k ekrk&firk vkSj HkkbZ dh lksp esa ifjorZu dh leh{kk ppkZ djrs gq, csgrj mik; lq>k,¡A 
laHko izrhr ugha gksrk gSA
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z eSa vius ekrk&firk o HkkbZ dk leFkZu d:a rFkk bl ekeys esa
You have been appointed as the Chief Electoral Officer
mudk iwjk lg;ksx d:aA of a constituency. In your constituency, one candidate
z eSa bl ekeys esa vius ekrk&firk vkSj HkkbZ ls ckr d:axk] mUgsa is a person of criminal antecedent, about whom a
le>kus dk iz;kl d:axkA general belief is also that he has won the previous

627
 elections by rigging. The candidate is pressurizing you mi;qZDr fodYiksa esa ls igys fodYi dk p;u djus ls eq>s
to allow irregularities in elections. If you reject the O;fDrxr ykHk gks ldrk gS] lkFk gh eSa ,d vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk ds
demand, you have been warned of unpleasant
O;fDr ls fdlh izdkj ds fookn dh laHkkouk ls Lo;a dks cpk ldrk
consequences.
gw¡_ ysfdu bl fodYi dk p;u djus ls esjh uSfrdrk] bZekunkjh o
(a) How do you look at this type of episodes during
elections? According to you, what should be done lR;fu"Bk ij iz'ufpÉ yxrk gSA vr% bl fodYi dk p;u djuk
to control such activities in elections? fdlh Hkh n`f"V ls lgh ugha gksxkA nwljs fodYi dk p;u djuk uSfrd
(b) What are the options available to you? Examine n`f"V ls rks lgh gS ysfdu bl ekeys esa vkidks iQ¡lk;k Hkh tk ldrk
each option and suggest the best one. gSA lkFk gh izR;k'kh lk¡B&xk¡B dj vkjksiksa ls eqDr gks ldrk gSA
mÙkj% pquko esa c<+rk gqvk Hkz"Vkpkj yksdra=k ds ewyHkwr fl¼karksa rhljs fodYi dk p;u djuk uSfrd n`f"V ls iwjh rjg mfpr gS
ij pksV djrk gS] blds dkj.k tu&vkdka{kkvksa ij rks foijhr izHkko D;ksafd bl fodYi esa lHkh mfpr ekinaMksa dk Øec¼ ikyu fd;k
iM+rk gh gSA lkFk gh jktuhfr esa Hkz"Vkpkj o èku&cy dk izHkqRo Hkh x;k gSA lkFk gh] bl fodYi ls esjh lR;fu"Bk] bZekunkjh tSls ewY;ksa
c<+rk gS] foèkkulHkk o yksdlHkk esa igq¡pus okys ,sls yksxksa dh otg dk Hkh laj{k.k gks jgk gSA vr% eSa ,d csgrj fodYi ds :i esa blh
ls jktuhfr dk ekgkSy [kjkc gksrk gS ftldh ifjikVh ns'k ds fodkl fodYi dk p;u djuk mfpr le>w¡xkA
ds vo#¼ gksus ds :i esa gksrh gSA vr% ,d LoLFk yksdra=k ds iz'u% vki fdlh f”kys esa iqfyl vèkh{kd ds in ij dk;Zjr gSa
vkn'kks± dh LFkkiuk gsrq pquko esa bl izdkj dh xfrfofèk;ksa ij fu;a=k.k vkSj vkids f”kys esa uDlyh xfrfofèk;k¡ lapkfyr gSaA bu
yxk;k tkuk vko';d gSA uDlyh xfrfofèk;ksa ls lacafèkr tk¡p djus ij vkidks irk
mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr izdj.k ds lanHkZ dk voyksdu djus ij ge pyrk gS fd bu uDlyoknh yksxksa ls jktuhfrd usrkvksa
ikrs gSa fd vHkh Hkh pquko esa Hkz"Vkpkj dh izo`fÙk okys yksxksa dk izHkqRo vkSj dqN LFkkuh; O;fDr;ksa dk xBtksM+ gS rFkk bl xBtksM+
ds dkj.k 'kklu ds fodkl dk;ks± dks ckèkk igq¡prh gS]
gS rFkk èku&cy dk iz;ksx dj vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk ds yksx jktuhfr esa
ftlls ;g {ks=k lkekftd vkfFkZd n`f"V ls fiNM+ x;k gSA
izos'k dj jgs gSa] lkFk gh bl izdj.k esa ;g ckr Hkh mHkjdj lkeus
bu yksxksa }kjk vki ij ncko Mkyk tkrk gS fd vki Hkh
vkrh gS fd fofHkUu jktuhfrd ny vHkh Hkh dqN Hkz"V o vkijkfèkd
bl xBtksM+ esa 'kkfey gks tk,¡] D;ksafd bl in ij ftrus
izo`fÙk ds yksxksa dks fVdV forfjr dj jgs gSa vkSj ,sls yksxksa dks 'kg
Hkh O;fDr vkrs gSa] oks bl xBtksM+ dk ykHk ysdj vkfFkZd
Hkh ns jgs gSaA lkFk gh] bl izdj.k ls ;g vanktk Hkh yxk;k tk ldrk izxfr djrs gSa vkSj lkFk gh mi;qDZ r fØ;kdykiksa esa lfEefyr
gS fd fofHkUu jktuhfrd ny ,sls yksxksa dks fVdV nsdj vius O;fDrxr u gksus ij vkidks vkSj ifjokj ds yksxksa dks tku ls ekjus
lacaèkksa dks tukdka{kkvksa dh rqyuk esa vfèkd egÙo ns jgs gSa ftlds dh èkedh nh tkrh gSA
dkj.k jktuhfr esa ,sls yksxksa dk izos'k laHko gks ikrk gSA mi;qZDr izdj.k esa vkids lkeus D;k fodYi gSa\ izR;sd
pquko esa gksus okyh bl izdkj dh xfrfofèk;ksa gsrq fuEu mik; fodYi ds xq.k&voxq.k crkb;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
fd;s tkus pkfg;s& You are Superintendent of Police of a district and naxal
z vkijkfèkd izo`fÙk ds yksxksa dks pquko yM+us ls jksdk tkuk pkfg;sA activities are happening in your district. After
investigating these naxal activities you discover that the
z voSèk ernku ij izHkkoh fu;a=k.k dk mik; fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA naxalites operate in alliance with political leaders and
z ernkrkvksa dks lqjf{kr okrkoj.k miyCèk djkus dk iz;kl djuk some local people. And due to this alliance, the
pkfg;sA blds fy;s pquko esa lqj{kk cyksa dh la[;k esa o`f¼ dh development work of the government is hampered
whereby the area has been lagging socially and
tkuh pkfg;sA economically. You are pressurised by these people that
mÙkj % (b) mi;qZDr izdj.k ds lanHkZ esa fuEu fodYiksa dk p;u you also join this nexus because whoever has come to
fd;k tk ldrk gS& the post has made economic gains by taking advantage
of this syndicate. Moreover, if you do not involve in the
z eSa izR;k'kh }kjk vfu;ferrk fd;s tkus ds ncko dks Lohdkj above activities you and your family are threatened to
dj yw¡A be killed.
z eSa bl ekeys ij Rofjr dk;Zokgh djrs gq, mldh fxjÝrkjh dk What are the options available before you in the above
vkns'k nw¡A case? Discuss the merits and demerits of each option.

z eSa fo'oLr lk{;ksa ds lkFk bl ekeys dks pquko vk;qDr ds le{k mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k esa ,d iqfyl vèkh{kd ds rkSj ij esjh
is'k d:aA bl ekeys esa izR;k'kh dh mEehnokjh fujLr djus o lR;fu"Bk] dÙkZO;fu"Brk] oafpr oxks± ds fgrksa ds izfr U;k; tSls ewY;ksa
mlds f[kykiQ dk;Zokgh djus dk vkns'k nsus dh fliQkfj'k d:axkA dk ijh{k.k gSA vr% mi;qZDr ifjfLFkfr esa esjs le{k fuEufyf[kr fodYi
ekeys esa ehfM;k dk lgkjk Hkh fy;k tk ldrk gSA ekStwn gSa&

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 z eSa] iqfyl vèkh{kd ds rkSj ij jktuhfrd usrkvksa] uDlfy;ksa vkSj fdarq bl fodYi esa ;g nks"k fufgr gS fd eSa viuh f”kEesnkfj;ksa
LFkkuh; O;fDr;ksa ds xBtksM+ esa lfEefyr gksus ds izLrko dks ls Hkkx jgk gw¡ vFkkZr~ ;g fodYi iyk;uokfnrk dks n'kkZrk gS] tks
Lohdkj dj yw¡A fdlh Hkh leL;k dk nh?kZdkfyd lekèkku ugha gks ldrk gSA gks ldrk
z eSa] mi;qZDr xBtksM+ esa 'kkfey gksus ls euk dj nw¡ vkSj bu O;fDr;ksa gS fd vU; {ks=k] tgk¡ ij eSa viuk VªkaliQj djkmQ¡ ogk¡ ij eq>s blh
ij rqjar dk;Zokgh djus dk iz;Ru d:¡A izdkj dh leL;k dk lkeuk djuk iM+s] rks nwljh rjiQ bl {ks=k esa
z viuk VªkaliQj fdlh vU; f”kys ;k {ks=k esa djokus dk iz;kl d:¡A bu uDlyoknh xfrfofèk;ksa dks vkSj c<+kok feysxk vkSj bl {ks=k esa
z vius foHkkx esa dk;Zjr mPp vfèkdkjh ls bl ekeys esa laKku jgus okys fuokfl;ksa dk 'kks"k.k gksrk jgsxkA
vFkkZr~ ijke'kZ ysus dk iz;Ru d:¡A lkFk gh] ehfM;k ,oa vU; z vius foHkkx esa dk;Zjr mPp vfèkdkjh ls bl lacaèk esa ijke'kZ
lapkj ekè;eksa dh Hkh lgk;rk yh tk ldrh gSA ysus ij eq>s bl leL;k ds lekèkku dh mfpr tkudkjh fey
mi;qZDr fodYiksa ds xq.k&nks"k fuEufyf[kr gSa& ldrh gS] D;ksafd 'kk;n mUgksaus Hkh bl izdkj dh leL;k dk
z vxj igys fodYi ds lanHkZ esa fopkj djsa rks bl xBtksM+ esa lkeuk fd;k gks] ftlls eSa vius mPp vfèkdkjh ls fopkj&foe'kZ
lfEEkfyr gksus ls esjs ^O;fDrxr ykHk* dh laHkkouk ”;knk gS] djds bl leL;k dk lekèkku fudky ldw¡A ehfM;k ,oa vU;
D;ksafd bu O;fDr;ksa }kjk eq>s fofHkUu vkfFkZd lqfoèkk,¡ iznku dh lapkj ekè;eksa dh Hkh lgk;rk yh tk ldrh gS vkSj bl xBtksM+
tk,axh] ftlls esjs vkSj esjs ifjokj ds thou Lrj dh xq.koÙkk esa ds ckjs esa xqIr rjhds ls lwpuk nh tk ldrh gS] ftlls turk
lqèkkj gksxkA blds vfrfjDr esjs ifjokj dks bu O;fDr;ksa ls dksbZ ds lkeus bl xBtksM+ dh lPpkbZ mtkxj gks lds vkSj turk esjs
lqj{kk lacaèkh [krjk ugha gksxk vFkkZr~ ikfjokfjd lqj{kk Hkh izkIr lkFk vkdj fodkl dk;ks± dks c<+kok ns] ftlls bl {ks=k esa jgus
gksxhA bl xBtksM+ esa lfEefyr gksus ls eq>s bu O;fDr;ksa }kjk okys O;fDr;ksa ds thou xq.koÙkk ds Lrj dks csgrj cuk;k tk ldsA
fdlh izdj.k esa O;FkZ esa ugha iaQlk;k tk ldsxk] ftlls ehfM;k mi;qZDr fodYi eas ;g nks"k gS fd gks ldrk gS fd esjk mPp
,oa iz'kklu esa esjh Nfo csgrj gksxhA vfèkdkjh bl xBtksM+ esa lfEefyr gks vkSj eq>s bl ekeys esa 'kkar
esjs }kjk bl xBtksM+ esa lfEEkfyr gksus ls eq>s O;fDrxr ykHk rks jgus ds fy;s ncko cuk,A mPp vfèkdkjh dh ckr u ekuus ij eq>
izkIr gksxk] fdarq eSa vius in dh 'kiFk dh xfjek ds vuq:i dk;Z ij dk;Zokgh dh èkedh ns vkSj esjh okf"kZd ewY;kadu fjiksVZ dks rF;ksa
ugha dj ikmQ¡xkA lkFk gh esjh lR;fu"Bk] dÙkZO;fu"Brk] tokcnsgh tSls ds lkFk NsM+NkM+ djds [kjkc cukdj HkstsA
ewY;ksa dk Hkh ßkl gksxkA ;g fopkj.kh; gS fd esjs bl ÑR; ls bl lexzr% ,d iqfyl vèkh{kd ds rkSj ij esjh ;g f”kEesnkjh gS
{ks=k dk lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl vkSj Hkh fiNM+ tk,xk] ftlls bl
fd eSa vius {ks=k esa 'kkafr O;oLFkk dks dk;e d:¡A vr% eSa vius
{ks=k esa bu uDlyoknh xfrfofèk;ksa dks vkSj c<+kok feysxk] tks jk"Vª
mPp vfèkdkjh ls bl izdj.k esa ijke'kZ ysus dk iz;kl d:¡xk rks
dh vkarfjd lqj{kk ds lkFk ns'k ds fodkl esa Hkh pqukSrh mRiUu djsxkA
nwljh rjiQ ehfM;k ,oa vU; lapkj ekè;eksa ls bl xBtksM+ dks xqIr
z vxj eSa mi;qZDr xBtksM+ esa 'kkfey gksus ls euk dj nw¡ rFkk bu
rjhds ls yksxksa ds lkeus mtkxj dj ldw¡xkA blds vykok ljdkj dh
O;fDr;ksa ij dk;Zokgh djus dk iz;kl d:¡ rks blls eSa vius
;kstukvksa dks izHkkoh :i ls fØ;kfUor djds bl {ks=k ds yksxksa dks
dk;Z ds izfrikyu dks iwjh fu"Bk ls fuHkk ikm¡QxkA lkFk gh] bu
lekt dh eq[;èkkjk esa ykus dk iz;kl d:¡xk] ftlls ns'k ds fodkl
O;fDr;ksa ij dk;Zokgh djus ls bl {ks=k esa uDlyoknh xfrfofèk;ksa
esa lHkh O;fDr;ksa dh leqfpr Hkkxhnkjh gks lds vkSj lekos'kh fodkl
ij jksd yxkbZ tk ldsxhA bl {ks=k esa ljdkjh ;kstukvksa dk Hkh
dks c<+kok fn;k tk ldsA
izHkkoh fØ;kUo;u fd;k tk ldrk gS] ftlls bl {ks=k esa fodkl
dks c<+kok fn;k tk lds vkSj bu O;fDr;ksa dks jk"Vª dh eq[;èkkjk iz'u% vki fdlh fiNM+s gq, f”kys ds f”kykfèkdkjh gSaA vkidk
esa yk;k tk ldsA f”kyk i;kZoj.k dh n`f"V ls le`¼ gS] ysfdu ;gk¡ ij m|ksxksa
mi;qZDr fodYi dk nks"k ;g gS fd eq>s vkSj esjs ifjokj ij dk fodkl u gksus] Ñf"k ;ksX; Hkwfe dh vuqiyCèkrk ds
lqj{kk dk ladV mRiUu gks ldrk gS] D;ksafd bu O;fDr;ksa dk bl {ks=k dkj.k O;fDr;ksa dks jks”kxkj miyCèk ugha gks ik jgk gS]
esa opZLo gSA blds vykok bl xBtksM+ lewg }kjk esjs iz'kklfud dk;ks± ftlls muds thou;kiu dh dk;Zn'kk,¡ dfBu gks xbZ gSa]
esa ckèkk igq¡pkbZ tk ldrh gSA eq>s Hkz"Vkpkj] vius dk;ks± ds izfr ysfdu vkidks irk pyrk gS fd vkids f”kys esa m|ksxksa
foeq[krk tSls ekeyksa eas i¡Qlk;k tk ldrk gS ftlls ehfM;k vkSj dh LFkkiuk ds fy;s ,oa Ñf"k ;ksX; Hkwfe dks c<+kus ds fy;s
iz'kklu esa esjh Nfo [kjkc gks ldrh gS] tks esjs lsok dk;Zdky esa i;kZoj.k dk nksgu fd;k tk jgk gS rks nwljh rjiQ bu
izeks'ku bR;kfn ds fy;s pqukSrh iSnk djsxkA vkfFkZd xfrfofèk;ksa ds lapkfyr gksus ds dkj.k yksxksa dks
z rhljs fodYi vFkkZr~ viuk VªkaliQj djk ysus ls eSa bl leL;k jks”kxkj feyus ls thou;kiu esa lqèkkj gks jgk gSA
dk lkeuk djus ls cp ldrk gw¡] ftlls eq>s vkSj esjs ifjokj mi;qDZ r izdj.k esa vkids lkeus dkSu&dkSu lh leL;k,¡ gS\a
ij dksbZ ladV mRiUu ugha gksxk] lkFk gh ehfM;k ,oa iz'kklu esa rFkk bu leL;kvksa dk leqfpr lekèkku crk,¡A
esjh Nfo Hkh èkwfey ugha gksxhA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)

629
 You are the District Collector of a backward district. izo`fÙk ds rkSj ij ns[kk tk,xkA vr% vko';drk gS fd i;kZoj.k ds
Your district has rich ecological resources. But izfr bl {ks=k ds yksxksa esa eukso`fÙk dks cnyk tk, ftlesa ehfM;k]
employment is not available for the people due to non-
development of industries and unavailability of
ukxfjd lewg] izfl¼ O;fDr }kjk bl {ks=k ds O;fDr;ksa ls ckrphr
agricultural land. Thus their sustenance has become djuk] izksRlkgu bR;kfn ekè;eksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA
difficult. However, you discover that the environment is z ;g {ks=k fiNM+siu dh leL;k ls xzLr gS vFkkZr~ yksxksa esa f'k{kk
being exploited to set up industries in your district and dk vHkko] vkS|ksfxd fodkl u gks ikuk] jks”kxkj dh vuqiyCèkrk
to increase agricultural land. At the same time lifestyle
of the people is improving by the availability of
bR;kfn leL;k,¡ gSaA bu lHkh lEkL;kvksa ds fy;s cgqvk;keh j.kuhfr
employment due to these economic activities. dh vko';drk gSA ftlesa loZizFke bl {ks=k esa f'k{kk dks] c<+kok
What are the problems faced by you in the said episode? nsus dk iz;kl djuk pkfg;s] ftlds fy;s fofHkUu ljdkjh ;kstukvksa
And give a proper solution for these problems. dk izHkkoh fØ;kUo;u fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA bl {ks=k esa jks”kxkj
mÙkj% vkS|ksfxd Økafr ds le; ls euq"; us viuh Hkksxoknh ,oa c<+kus dk ,d fodYi ;g gks ldrk gS fd ;gk¡ ij ^i;ZVu* dks
LokFkhZ izo`fÙk ds dkj.k izkÑfrd lalkèkuksa dk vR;fèkd nksgu fd;k] izksRlkfgr fd;k tk,A i;ZVdksa ds c<+us ij ;gk¡ ij jgus okys
ftlds dkj.k fofHkUu i;kZoj.kh; leL;k,¡ tSls& Xykscy okfe±x] O;fDr;ksa ds fuEu dk;Z{ks=k ls ysdj mPp dk;Z{ks=k rd lHkh
vEyh; o"kkZ] ck<+ ,oa lw[kk esa ek=kkRed o`f¼ mRiUu gqbZ] ftUgksaus O;fDr;kas dks jks”kxkj feysxkA i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s bl
euq"; ds vfLrÙo ij iz'ufpÉ yxk fn;k gSA {ks=k esa vkèkkjHkwr lajpuk ds fodkl dks c<+kok nsuk gksxkA blds
vkt i;kZoj.k cuke vkfFkZd fodkl fdlh ,d {ks=k dh leL;k lkFk gh bl izÑfr ds egÙo dks crkuk gksxk] rks ogha ;qokvksa ds
u gksdj laiw.kZ fo'o dh leL;k cu xbZ gSA ,d rjiQ i;kZoj.k dks dkS'ky fodkl bR;kfn dks c<+kok fn;k tkuk pkfg;sA
cpkuk vko';d gS rks nwljh rjiQ vkfFkZd fodkl dks xfr nsuk ”k:jh z i;kZoj.k laj{k.k vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl esa fdls ”;knk egÙo iznku
gS] D;ksafd fcuk vkfFkZd fodkl ds xjhch] csjks”kxkjh] jks”kxkj esa o`f¼ fd;k tk,] ;g vkt ds le; dk lcls mYys[kuh; fookn gSA
vkfn leL;kvksa dk lekèkku ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS rks ogha vxj oLrqr% i;kZoj.k nksgu dh 'krZ ij vkfFkZd fodkl dks c<+kok
i;kZoj.k dh j{kk ugha dh xbZ vkSj i;kZoj.k dks blh rjg {kfr igq¡pkrs nsuk] ;g mfpr dne izrhr ugha gksrkA vr% ”k:jr gS fd ge
jgs rks euq"; ds thou ij ladV mRiUu gks tk,xkA blh dkj.k fdlh izÑfr dks ekuo ds vko';d vax ds :i esa le>sa vkSj vkfFkZd
fo}ku us dgk gS& ^;k rks gekjk Hkfo"; gjk gksxk] ;k gksxk gh ughaA* fodkl ds lkFk izÑfr dks Hkh lkFk ysdj pysa vFkkZr~ ekuo&izÑfÙk
vxj mi;qZDr izdj.k ds lanHkZ esa ns[ksa rks ,d f”kykfèkdkjh ds lgvfLrRo ij cy nsuk gksxk] ftlls laèkkj.kh; fodkl dks c<+kok
in ij esjs le{k fuEufyf[kr leL;k,¡ gSa& fn;k tk ldsA
z c<+rs gq, i;kZoj.k ds nksgu dks jksdukA
iz'u% vki fdlh ,sls f”kys ds eq[; fpfdRlk vfèkdkjh gSa] tgk¡
ij ljdkjh LokLF; lqfoèkk,¡ leqfpr :i esa miyCèk ugha
z bl {ks=k ds fiNM+siu dh leL;kA
gSaA yksxksa dks viuh LokLF; lqfoèkkvksa ds fy;s futh
z de jks”kxkj miyCèk gksus dh leL;kA
vLirkyksa ij fuHkZj jguk iM+rk gSA vkidks irk gS fd bu
z i;kZoj.k laj{k.k vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl esa fdls ”;knk egÙo iznku
futh vLirkyksa }kjk yksxksa ls fpfdRlk lqfoèkkvksa ds fy;s
fd;k tk,A vR;fèkd èku fy;k tkrk gS rFkk =kqfViw.kZ fpfdRlk O;ogkjksa
mi;qZDr leL;kvksa ds lanHkZ esa fopkj djsa rks buds lekèkku ds dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA vkids f”kys esa ,sls futh
fy;s cgqvk;keh j.kuhfr dh vko';drk gS& fpfdRlky;ksa dh la[;k c<+rh tk jgh gSA bu fpfdRlky;ksa
z loZizFke] bl {ks=k eas c<+rs gq, i;kZoj.k ds nksgu ij jksd yxkus }kjk nks"kiw.kZ dk;Zokfg;ksa ds dkj.k vDlj rhekjnkjksa ls
dh vko';drk gS] D;ksafd i;kZoj.k ds nksgu dh 'krZ ij vkfFkZd budk la?k"kZ lekpkjksa esa jgrk gSA blh Øe esa fxjrs fpfdRlk
fodkl dks c<+kok ugha fn;k tk ldrk gSA blds fy;s bl {ks=k Lrj ds dkj.k ,d&nks O;fDr;ksa dh e`R;q gks xbZA vki
esa i;kZoj.k dks {kfr igq¡pkus okys O;fDr;ksa ij dBksj naM dh lacafèkr futh vLirkyksa ij dk;Zokgh dk iz;kl djrs gSa]
vko';drk gS] lkFk gh i;kZoj.k ls tqM+s fofHkUu dkuwu tSls& ysfdu vkidks irk pyrk gS fd lacafèkr futh vLirky
i;kZoj.k laj{k.k vfèkfu;e& 1986, iQkWjsLV dUtosZ'ku ,DV&1980 jkT; ds cM+s jktuhfrd in ij mifLFkr ^feLVj X* dk
rFkk oU;tho (laj{k.k) vfèkfu;e&1972 bR;kfn dks dM+kbZ ls gSA ^feLVj X* vki ij dksbZ Hkh dk;Zokgh u djus ds fy;s
ykxw djus dh vko';drk gSA ncko Mkyrs gSa rFkk dk;Zokgh djus ij vkidk LFkkukarj.k
mYys[kuh; gS fd i;kZoj.k nksgu dh leL;k xgjs rkSj ij ml djokus vkSj ifjokj dks tku ls ekjus dh èkedh nh
lekt ;k jk"Vª ds n'kZu ls mitrh gSA vxj ml lekt eas izkÑfrd tkrh gSA
oLrqvksa ;k izÑfr ds izfr lEeku dk Hkko gksxk rks ogk¡ ij i;kZoj.k mDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vkids le{k dkSu&dkSu ls uSfrd eqís
laj{k.k dks vfèkd egÙo fn;k tk,xk] ogha ftl lekt esa izÑfr dks mifLFkr gSa\ rFkk bu uSfrd eqíksa dks leqfpr lekèkku lq>krs
euq"; ls vyx ns[kk tkrk gS] ogk¡ ij izÑfr dks ykyph ;k Hkksxoknh gq, viuk fu.kZ; crk,¡A (250 'kCn] 20 vad)

630
 You are the Chief Medical Officer of a district where r`rh; fodYi esa uSfrd nqfoèkk vR;ar fodjky gS] D;ksafd esjs
adequate government health facilities are not available. O;fDrxr fgr ds lkFk gh eq[; fpfdRlk vfèkdkjh ds in dh 'kiFk
People have to depend on private hospitals for their
healthcare. You know that excessive money is derived ds vuq:i dk;Z djus dk }a} gSA vr% ”k:jr gS fd eSa vius O;fDrxr
by these private hospitals from the people for medical fgrksa dks inh; dÙkZO;ksa ls ”;knk egÙo u nw¡ vkSj leqfpr :i ls
facilities and abusive medical practices are employed. vius dÙkZO;ksa dk ikyu d:¡A blds vfrfjDr eSa vius ifjokj dh
The number of such private hospitals in your district is
lqj{kk ds fy;s i;kZIr iqfyl izksVsD'ku dh ekax d:¡xk] ftlls esjk
increasing. Due to exploitative procedures of these
hospitals they are always in news for their conflict with ifjokj Hkh lqjf{kr jgsA lkFk gh] futh vLirky dk ykblsal jí djus
attendants of patients. In this situation, a few persons ds lkFk gh ml jktuhfrd usrk ij mfpr dk;Zokgh dh tk,xh rFkk
have died due to decline in medical care. You try to take vius ls mPp in ij fLFkr vfèkdkjh ls Hkh bl leL;k ds lanHkZ esa
action on concerned private hospital but you find that
mfpr fopkj&foe'kZ djds leL;k dk lekèkku [kkstk tk ldrk gSA
it belongs to ‘Mr. X’ who is presently at an important
political position in the state. ‘Mr. X’ puts pressure on vr% mijksDr fLFkfr esa mRiUu uSfrd eqíksa ,oa lekèkku dk Li"Vr%
you not to take any action and if you take action, you fooj.k nsus ds i'pkr~ ;g mfYyf[kr djuk vge gksxk fd esjk fu.kZ;
are threatened with transfer and killing of your family. rkRdkfyd dk;Zokgh ds vykok nh?kZdkyhu mik;ksa ls ifjiw.kZ gksxk]
What are the ethical issues faced by you in the above
tSls& fuxjkuh laLFkkvksa dk xBu djus dk iz;kl] volajpuk fodkl
case? And enumerate probable solutions to these ethical
issues and suggest your effective decision. gsrq f”kykfèkdkjh ls laidZ] lHkh oxks± dks fdI+kQk;rh fpfdRlk dh igq¡p
lqfuf'pr djokus dk iz;kl djuk bR;kfnA
mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k esa lkoZtfud LokLF; lqfoèkkvksa dh
vuqiYkCèkrk rFkk futh fpfdRlky;ksa dk vuqfpr O;ogkj] tSls LokLF; iz'u% vki ^[ksy ifj"kn* ds vè;{k gSAa vkids ;gk¡ ,d yCèkizfr"B
lqfoèkkvksa dh mfpr xq.koÙkk u gksuk rFkk O;fDr;ksa ls vfèkd iSls f[kykM+h ds Mksfiax dk ekeyk vkrk gS vkSj ml f[kykM+h
olwyuk tSlh leL;k,¡ ekStwn gSaA fxjrh LokLF; lqfoèkk,¡ fdlh Hkh ls ns'k dks dkiQh mEehnsa gSa fd ;g ns'k ds fy;s vksyafid
dY;k.kdkjh jkT; dh voèkkj.kk ij iz'ufpÉ yxkrk gSA esa ind yk,xkA vki tk¡p esa ikrs gSa fd f[kykM+h Mksfiax
mijksDr izdj.k dk fo'ys"k.k djus ij dbZ uSfrd eqís mRiUu esa lfEefyr gS] ysfdu f[kykM+h }kjk vius dks ckj&ckj
gksrs gSa] ftls ge fuEufyf[kr :iksa esa ns[k ldrs gSa& funksZ"k crk;k tkrk gS vkSj dgrk gS fd xyrh ls eSaus ml
z futh vLirkyksa dk O;kolkf;d ykHk cuke
nokbZ dk lsou dj fy;kA mldk rdZ gS fd eq>s bl nokbZ
ds izfrcafèkr gksus ds ckjs esa tkudkjh ugha FkhA vki bl
tu lkekU; ds LokLF; ls f[kyokM+_
vleatl esa gSa fd ns'k dh Hkkoukvksa ds vuqdwy iQSlyk
z fpfdRlk lqfoèkkvksa dh xq.koÙkk dk fxjrk Lrj cuke
ysa ;k [ksy uSfrdrk dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, ml f[kykM+h dks
eq[; fpfdRlk vfèkdkjh ds in ij lR;fu"Bk] dÙkZO;ikyu rFkk
vksyafid tkus ls izfrcafèkr dj nsa] rkfd vU; f[kykfM+;ksa
tokcnsgh tSls ewY;ksa dk ikyu_
ds fy;s ;g ,d lcd cus vkSj ns'k ds fojksèk dks lgu djsAa
z lkekftd dY;k.k dks c<+kok nsuk cuke eq[; fpfdRlk
mDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vki dkSu&lk fu.kZ; ysaxs\ vius fu.kZ;
vfèkdkjh dk O;fDrxr fgrA
rd igq¡pus ds leqfpr dkj.k lfgr O;k[;k djsaA 
mi;qZDr fcanqvksa ds lanHkZ esa izFke fcanq dk Lo:i vR;ar Hk;kog
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
gSA futh vLirkyksa dh c<+rh la[;k] fpfdRlk lqfoèkk dh csgrj vkiwfrZ You are the President of the Sports Council. A case of
dh ctk; O;kolkf;d ykHk dks izkFkfedrk nsrs gq, tu lkekU; ds doping of a celebrated player comes to you. The country
LokLF; ls f[kyokM+ fd;k x;k gSA vr% mu ij mfpr dk;Zokgh djrs has great expectations from the player that he will win
gq, mudk ykblsal jí djuk lgh dne gksxk] ftlls yksxksa ds thou medal in the Olympics for the country. You find in the
dks [krjs esa iM+us ls cpk;k tk ldsA bl fu.kZ; dk nks"k ;g gS fd inquiry that the player is involved in doping but he is
pleading innocence repeatedly and he says that by
volajpuk ds vHkko esa (ljdkjh vLirkyksa) vkikrdkyhu fpfdRlk mistake he consumed that medicine. His argument is
vko';drk ds dkj.k yksxksa dk thou [krjs esa iM+ ldrk gSA that he was not aware of the restriction on the medicine.
fpfdRlk lqfoèkk ds xq.koÙkk lqèkkj gsrq futh vLirkyksa dks funsZ'k You are in a dilemma whether to take a decision
nsuk Hkh f}rh; fodYi ds rgr mfpr dne gksxk ,oa fuèkZu ifjokjksa according to the emotions of the nation or ban the player
from going to the Olympics keeping the sports ethics in
ds fy;s vLirkyksa esa vkjf{kr iz.kkyh (csM] nokb;ksa] midj.kksa) viukus mind and tolerate the protest from the country, so that
ds vkns'k fn;s tk,axs] ftlls fdiQk;rh ewY; esa xq.koÙkkijd lqfoèkk it becomes a lesson for other players.
miyCèk djkbZ tk ldsA futh vLirkyksa dh euekuh o mfpr fuxjkuh What will be your decision in the given circumstances?
u gksus ij bl mik; ds fu"izHkkoh gksus dh laHkkouk gSA Discuss the reasoning behind your final decision.

631
 mÙkj% izLrqr dsl LVMh [ksy uSfrdrk ,oa fu;eksa dk vuqikyu suicide. You are posted as an officer in the Department
cuke yksxksa dh Hkkoukvksa ,oa f[kykM+h ds O;fDrxr fgr ls lacafèkr of Education of the district. You know that similar
incidents have also been happening in your district after
gS] ftl lacaèk esa [ksy ifj"kn ds vè;{k ds le{k dk;Zikyu ,oa the announcement of the examination results. The result
HkkoukRed vkosx dks egÙo nsus tSls fodYi mifLFkr gSaA of your State Education Board is to be announced in a
[ksy ifj"kn ds vè;{k ds :i esa esjs }kjk fuEufyf[kr fu.kZ; few days.
fy;s tk ldrs gSa& In this situation, how will you deal with the problem so
that such incidents can be reduced? Discuss your
z f[kykM+h ds rdZ dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, mls vius vkidks funksZ"k
decision with reasons.
lkfcr djus dk ekSdk fn;k tkukA
mÙkj% mijksDr dsl LVMh ifj.kke ls fujk'k ,oa Hk;Hkhr cPpksa
z ns'k dh Hkkoukvksa ds vuqdwy iSQlyk ysrs gq, ml f[kykM+h dks
esa c<+rh vkRegR;k dh izo`fÙk ls lacafèkr gS] ftldk le; ij ;fn
vksyafid esa [ksyus dh vuqefr ns nsukA mik; ugha fd;k x;k rks ns'k ds Hkfo"; ij ladV vk ldrk gSA
z [ksy uSfrdrk ,oa lHkh f[kykfM+;ksa ds lekurk ds vfèkdkjksa ds
orZeku oS'ohdj.k] futhdj.k ,oa mnkjhdj.k ds ;qx esa izfrLi¼kZ
eísu”kj vksyafid esa tkus dh vuqefr ugha nsukA
yxkrkj c<+rh tk jgh gS rFkk bl izfrLi¼kZ dk euksHkko cPpksa ij Hkh
mijksDr fodYiksa esa izFke fodYi dk p;u bl n`f"V ls mfpr
iM+us yxk gS] ftlds dkj.k cPps orZeku esa vius ifj.kke dks ysdj
gksxk fd ^lHkh dks vius cpko dk ,d volj feyuk pkfg;sA* lkFk
vR;fèkd Hk;Hkhr jgrs gSa vkSj ifj.kke vis{kkvksa ds vuqdwy u gks rks
gh] ftlls [ksy uSfrdrk dk mYya?ku Hkh ugha gks] ijarq vksyafid esa
vkRegR;k tSlh ?kVuk,¡ Hkh ns[kus dks feyrh gSaA gj o"kZ ,slh ?kVukvksa
de le; 'ks"k jgus dh fLFkfr esa ;s fodYi vO;kogkfjd fl¼ gksxkA
dh la[;k c<+rh tk jgh gSA
f}rh; fodYi dk p;u mi;qDr ugha gksxk] D;ksafd esjk ;g cksMZ ijh{kk gks ;k izfrLi¼hZ ijh{kk gks vliQyrk ds ckn volkn
fu.kZ; ns'k ds vU; f[kykfM+;ksa ds fy;s xyr felky is'k djsxk] mUgsa tSlh eu%fLFkfr dk mRiUu gksuk rFkk mldk izcaèku u fd;k tkuk bl
Hkh ,slh xfrfofèk;ksa eas lafyIr gksus dh izsj.kk fey ldrh gSA lkFk leL;k dk ewy dkj.k gSA
gh] ;s dne [ksy uSfrdrk ds fo#¼ gksxk ,oa esjh fu.kZ; ysus dh bl leL;k ls fuiVus ds fy;s esjs }kjk fuEufyf[kr iz;kl fd;s
{kerk ,oa dÙkZO;ijk;.krk ij iz'ufpÉ yx ldrk gSA gkyk¡fd] ;g tk ldrs gS&a
ns'k dh Hkkoukvksa dks iq"V djus esa lgk;d gks ldrk gSA z ekrk&firk ls cPpksa ds eu&efLr"d ls Hk;] fujk'kk tSlh foÑr
r`rh; fodYi dk p;u lokZfèkd mi;qDr gksxk] D;ksafd ;fn Hkkoukvksa dks fudkydj vliQyrk ls lh[kus dh izsj.kk nsus dh
xyrh ls Hkh f[kykM+h }kjk izfrcafèkr nokvksa dk lsou fd;k x;k gS vihy djukA
rks vuqefr nsuk mfpr ugha gksxk] D;ksafd okMk (WADA) dh tk¡p esa z ekrk&firk vfèkd uacj ykus dk ncko cPpksa ij uk cuk,¡] ,slh
tc Mksfiax ikWf”kfVo ik;k tk,xk rks varjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij ns'k dh cnukeh tkx:drk ykus dk iz;kl djukA
gksxhA lkFk gh] vuSfrd rjhds ls fdlh f[kykM+h ds liQy gks tkus z cksMZ ds ifj.kke ls igys f'k{kdksa] Lo;alsoh laLFkkvksa] ehfM;k ds
ls lekurk ds vfèkdkjksa dk] [ksy uSfrdrk rFkk fu;eksa dk mYya?ku ekè;e ls cPpksa dks izsj.kk nsus dk iz;kl djuk rFkk cPpksa dks
gksxkA blfy;s esjk ;g dne vU; f[kykfM+;ksa dks bl izdkj dh ;g le>kuk fd ;g ijh{kk fliZQ thou dk ,d pj.k gS vkSj
ykijokgh ls lpsr jgus ds fy;s izsfjr djsxkA blesa liQyrk&vliQyrk ls ”;knk varj ugha iM+rk gSA vr% cPpksa
mi;qZDr dkj.kksa ds lanHkZ esa esjs }kjk fy;k x;k fu.kZ; mfpr gksxk dks ifj.kke ls Hk;eqDr cukus dk iz;kl djuk pkfg;sA
ftlls uSfrdrk] izsj.kk] dÙkZO;ijk;.krk vkfn ewY;ksa dks lqfuf'pr fd;k z dkmaflfyax dh O;oLFkk djukA
tk ldsxkA z izklafxd mnkgj.kksa ls cPpksa dk eukscy c<+kuk rFkk ,sls O;fDr;ksa
iz'u% gj lky vius ifj.kke ls Hk;Hkhr gksdj ;k fujk'k gksdj dk mnkgj.k nsuk] ftUgksaus ijh{kk ifj.kke eas vliQy gksus ds
lSdM+ksa cPps ^vkRegR;k* dj ysrs gSaA vki f”kys ds f'k{kk ckotwn thou esa liQyrk dh cqyafn;kas dks Nqvk gks] tSls&
foHkkx ds vfèkdkjh ds in ij gSaA vki tkurs gSa fd ijh{kk fØfLV;kuks jksukYMks vius Ldwyh i<+kbZ dks iwjh ugha dj ik, rks
ifj.kke ?kksf"kr gksus ds ckn vkids f”kys esa Hkh ,slh gh ogha LVho tkWCl] fcy xsV~l rFkk ekdZ ”kqdjcxZ vius dkWyst dh
ifjfLFkfr;k¡ mRiUu gksrh jgh gSa rFkk vkids jkT; f'k{kk i<+kbZ iwjh ugha dj ik,_ blds ckotwn liQyrk ds f'k[kj ij igq¡psA
cksMZ ds ifj.kke dqN fnuksa esa ?kksf"kr fd;s tkus okys gSaA z bl fcanq ij Hkh xkSj djuk ”k:jh gS fd O;fDr dh #fp vyx&vyx
,sls esa vki bu leL;kvksa ls fuiVus ds fy;s D;k iz;kl {ks=kksa esa gksrh gS rFkk dksbZ O;fDr i<+kbZ esa mruk rs”k ugha gS]
djsaxs] rkfd bl izdkj dh ?kVukvksa esa deh vk ldsA vius ysfdu gks ldrk gS fd og laxhr] [ksy rFkk vU; {ks=kksa esa ”;knk
fu.kZ; dks dkj.k lfgr Li"V djsaA (250 'kCn] 20 vad) liQyrk vftZr dj ldsA vr% ”k:jr gS fd bu cPpksa dks ,sls
Every year, frightened and frustrated with their {ks=kksa ds izfr c<+us ds fy;s izkRs lkfgr fd;k tk,] u fd Bksd&ihVdj
examination results, hundreds of children ‘commit’ ,d tSlk cukus dh vko';drk gSA

632
 mi;qZDr dne mBkus ls fuf'pr :i ls ,slh ?kVukvksa esa deh cuke
vk ldrh gS] D;ksafd cPpksa dh ekufld voLFkk dh igpku dj mUgsa O;fDrxr lacaèkksa dks izkFkfedrk nsuk_
lgh jkLrk fn[kkuk] muds laosxksa ij fu;a=k.k j[kus esa mudh enn djuk] z i{kikriw.kZ O;ogkj dh fLFkfr esa vè;{k ds in dk nq#i;ksx
mUgsa vdsyk uk NksM+uk] ifjokj }kjk lg;ksxkRed O;ogkj cPps dks cuke
vliQyrkvksa ls lh[kdj vkxs c<+us dks izsfjr dj ldrk gSA fu;eksa] dkuwuksa] mfpr izfØ;kvksa dk ikyu bR;kfnA
bl lanHkZ esa eè; izns'k ds ,d firk }kjk vizfre mnkgj.k is'k mÙkj % (b) ;fn fodYiksa dh ckr dh tk, rks mijksDr ifjfLFkfr
fd;k x;k& mUgksaus vius cPps dh cksMZ ijh{kk esa vliQyrk ij feBkb;k¡ esa fuEufyf[kr fodYi ,d vè;{k ds :i esa esjs le{k mifLFkr gksaxs&
ck¡Vh ,oa mls vxyh ijh{kk ds fy;s csgrj rS;kjh dh izsj.kk nhA vr% z fe=k ds midkj dks pqdkus dk vPNk volj ekurs gq, mudh
mi;qZDr iz;kl vo'; dkjxj fl¼ gksaxs ,oa cPpksa ds Hkfo"; dks ckr eku ysukA
lqjf{kr fd;k tk ldsxkA z fe=k ls vuqjksèk djuk fd loZizFke cPps dks mfpr rS;kjh djk,¡
iz'u% vkidks ,d fu;qfDr ls lacafèkr lk{kkRdkj iSuy dk vè;{k rRi'pkr~ lk{kkRdkj izfØ;k esa Hkkx ysus dks dgsaxsA
cuk;k x;k gSA bl lk{kkRdkj esa vkids ,d fe=k ds csVs z fe=k dk izLrko vLohÑr djds mudks bl gsrq enn nsus esa viuh
dk Hkh lk{kkRdkj gksuk gSA vkids fe=k us vkidks vè;;u vleFkZrk trk nsukA
ds fnuksa esa vkfFkZd enn ds lkFk gh HkkoukRed lg;ksx z lk{kkRdkj iSuy ds vè;{k ds in ls R;kxi=k ns nsukA
fn;k gSA vius iq=k ds lk{kkRdkj esa vPNs vad izkIr djus
igys fodYi esa ;fn xq.k dh ckr dh tk, rks blesa viuk
ds fy;s vkids fe=k us vkils laidZ fd;k gSA os vki ij
O;fDrxr ykHk rks fn[kkbZ nsrk gS] tSls& ÑrKrk dk voljA ;g lgh
ncko cuk jgs gSaA vkidks ;g ckr igys ls irk gS fd
volj gS] tc eSa vius fe=k ds izfr f”kEesnkfj;ksa dk leqfpr fuoZgu
mudk iq=k lk{kkRdkj ds fy;s cgqr ;ksX; ugha gSA vki ij
dj ikmQ¡xk] ftlls esjs vkSj fe=k ds lacaèkksa eas eèkqjrk c<+sxh vkSj
vfu;ferrkvksa ls lacafèkr ekeys igys Hkh mBk, tk pqds gSaA
Hkfo"; esa eSa Hkh mlls fdlh vU; lgk;rk dh ekax dj ldrk gw¡A
(a) bl izdj.k esa vkids lkeus dkSu&dkSu lh uSfrd
ysfdu bl izdkj ds ekeys m”kkxj gksus ij gkfu mBkuh iM+
nqfoèkk gS\
ldrh gS] D;ksafd igys ls gh vfu;ferrk ds vkjksi eq> ij gSaA ,slh
(b) vkids lkeus dkSu&ls fodYi gSa\ izR;sd fodYi ds
fLFkfr esa esjh Nfo dks cgqr uqdlku igq¡psxk vkSj ml cPps ds fy;s
xq.k&nks"kksa dh ppkZ djrs gq, csgrj fodYi lq>k,¡A 
o vU; cPpksa gsrq ;g xyr lans'k gksxk fd fcuk ;ksX;rk ds p;u
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
You have been made the Chairman of an interview panel
laHko gSA ,d f”kEesnkj drZO;fu"B vfèkdkjh ds rkSj ij ;g uSfrd
associated with appointment. In the interview, the son n`f"V ls Hkh mfpr ugha gSA
of one of your friends also has to give interview. Your f}rh; fodYi dk p;u uSfrd n`f"V ls lgh gksxk] D;ksafd mfpr
friend has given you emotional support as well as izfØ;k }kjk gh p;u fd;k tkuk pkfg;s] ijarq blls esjs vkSj esjs fe=k
financial help during your student life. Your friend has
contacted you to ensure good marks for his son in the ds O;fDrxr lacaèkksa ij vlj iM+sxk ,oa ;g esjh LokFkZiw.kZ izo`fÙk dks
interview. He is pressurising you. You are already aware iznf'kZr djsxkA
that his son is not very competent for the interview. fe=k ds izLrko dks vLohÑr djds eSa vius in dh dÙkZO;fu"Bk
Moreover, cases related to irregularities have already
been raised against you.
dk ikyu dj ldw¡xk] lkFk gh lk{kkRdkj esa vk, gq, O;fDr;kas esa ls
(a) What are the ethical dilemmas faced by you in this ;ksX; O;fDr;ksa dk p;u dj ldw¡xk] ftlls eq>s ekufld larqf"V
episode? feysxhA ysfdu fodYi dk nks"k ;g gS fd blls esjs vkSj fe=k ds
(b) What options do you have? Discuss the pros-cons lacaèkksa eas dM+okgV vk tk,xh rFkk gks ldrk gS fd mlds iq=k dk
of each option and suggest the best one. p;u u gksus ls og eq>ls cnyk ys ;k esjs lkFk dqN xyr djus dk
mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr izdj.k dÙkZO;ikyu ,oa futh lacaèkksa ds eè; iz;kl djs] D;kasfd mlus eq>s vè;;u ds fnuksa esa vkfFkZd enn ds
fojksèkkHkkl dks izfrfcafcr djrk gS] ftlesa lk{kkRdkj iSuy ds vè;{k lkFk gh HkkoukRed enn nh Fkh vFkkZr~ O;fDrxr gkfu dh laHkkouk gSA
ds :i esa fu.kZ; ysus esa vleatl dh fLFkfr mRiUu gqbZ gSA prqFkZ fodYi dk xq.k ;g gS fd bl fodYi ds p;u ls eSa
esjs le{k uSfrd nqfoèkk fuEukafdr gS& O;FkZ dh ijs'kkfu;ksa ls cp ldw¡xk vkSj fe=k ds lacaèkksa esa nwfj;k¡ Hkh
z lk{kkRdkj iSuy ds vè;{k in ij dÙkZO;ikyu] bZekunkjh] lR;fu"Bk mRiUu ugha gksaxhA lkFk gh] vius dÙkZO; in ds izfr foeq[krk Hkh
tSls ewY;ksa dk ikyu mRiUu ugha gksxhA ysfdu ;g fodYi iyk;uokfnrk dks n'kkZrk gS] tks
cuke fdlh Hkh leL;k dk nh?kZdkfyd lekèkku ugha gks ldrk gS vkSj
fe=k }kjk fd;s x, O;fDrxr midkj dks iwjk djus dk Hkfo"; esa eq>s ,slh gh vU; pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gSA
iz;kl djuk_ vr% leL;k ls Hkkxus dh ctk; mldk leqfpr lekèkku ryk'kus dh
z vU; vH;fFkZ;ksa ds lkFk vU;k; vko';drk gSA
633
 r`rh; fodYi lokZfèkd mfpr gS] D;ksafd O;fDrxr fgr ,oa fgald tokc ugha fn;k vkSj y{; ls fopfyr ugha gq, rFkk 50,000
lkewfgd fgr esa lnSo lkewfgd fgr dks ojh;rk nsrs gq, uSfrdrk] ls vfèkd yksxksa dks cpk fy;k x;kA çkjaHk es]a tc egkRek xkaèkh uksvk•yh
bZekunkjh] lR;fu"Bk dks lqfuf'pr djrs gq, vius dÙkZO; dk ikyu ds naxk çHkkfor {ks=kksa esa uaxs ik¡o py jgs Fks] rc muds ekxZ esa naxksa
djuk gh ,d vfèkdkjh dk izFke dÙkZO; gSA ls çHkkfor yksxksa us dkap ds VqdM+s vkSj tkuojksa dk ey fc•sj fn;k
FkkA ckn esa] muds vlhe lkgl vkSj ekuork ds çfr çse us peRdkj
2019 dj fn;k] tc yksxksa us •qn çfr'kksèk ugha ysus dk oknk fd;kA
iz'u% xaHkhj izkÑfrd vkink ls izHkkfor ,d {ks=k esa vki cpko ;gk¡] ljdkjh lsodksa ds çfr yksxksa ds eu esa cuh èkkj.kk ds
dk;Z dk usr`Ro dj jgs gSaA g”kkjksa yksx cs?kj gks x, gSa rFkk dkj.k xqLlk HkM+d x;k gSA ,d ckj] tc yksx cpko dk;Z esa vkRe&
Hkkstu] is;ty vkSj vU; ewyHkwr lqfoèkkvksa ls oafpr gks R;kx] leiZ.k vkSj lkgl dk •qn xokg cu tk,axs] rks lg;ksx djuk
x, gSaA ewlykèkkj o"kkZ ,oa vkiw£r ekxks± ds {kfrxzLr gksus 'kq: dj nsaxsA nwljk] eSa mu yksxksa ls enn ysdj] tks lg;ksx djus ds
ls cpko dk;Z ckfèkr gks x;k gSA foyfEcr vkSj lhfer bPNqd gSa] yksxksa dks eukus] le>kus dh dksf'k'k d:¡xkA bl rjg dh
jkgr dk;Z ls LFkkuh; yksx cgqr ozQksfèkr gSaA tc vkidk dkjZokbZ esa LFkkuh; usrk Hkh enn dj ldrs gSaA blds vykok] eSa viuh
ny izHkkfor {ks=k esa igq¡prk gS] rc yksx ny ds dqN Vhe ds lnL;ksa dh lqj{kk ds lacaèk esa ljdkj ls lg;ksx çkIr djus
lnL;ksa ij geyk cksy nsrs gSa] ;gk¡ rd fd mudh fiVkbZ dh dksf'k'k d:¡xk ftlls yksxksa dh enn djus esa os vkgr u gksaA
Hkh dj nsrs gSaA vkids ny dk ,d lnL; xaHkhj :i ls ,slh fLFkfr dks çHkkoh <ax ls çcafèkr
?kk;y Hkh gks tkrk gSA ladV dh bl fLFkfr esa] ny ds dqN
djus ds fy, vko';d fof'k"V xq.k
lnL; vius thou dks [krjs ds Mj ls vkils vkxzg djrs
gSa fd cpko dk;Z jksd fn;k tk,A bu fo"ke ifjfLFkfr;ksa z lsok dh Hkkouk% pw¡fd cpko ny 'kkjhfjd vkSj ekSf•d geyksa
eas vkidh D;k vuqfØ;k gksxh\ ,d yksd lsod ds mu ds fy;s lqHks| gS] dsoy turk ds izfr mPp Lrj dk leiZ.k gh
xq.kksa dk ijh{k.k dhft;s tks ,slh fLFkfr dks laHkkyus ds ,d vfèkdkjh dks 'kkarfpÙk vkSj lefUor rjhds ls cpko dk;Z
fy;s vko';d gksaxsA (250 'kCn] 20 vad) esa enn dj ldrs gSaA
You are heading the rescue operations in an area affected z usr`Ro% ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa] fdlh Hkh fu.kZ; dh liQyrk ;k
by severe natural calamity. Thousands of people are vliQyrk iwjh rjg ls usrk dh cqf¼ekuh vkSj foosd ij fuHkZj
rendered homeless and deprived of food, drinking water
and other basic amenities. Rescue work has been
gksrh gSA mls Hkh O;fDrxr lkgl vkSj n`<+ fo'okl çnf'kZr djrs
disrupted by heavy rainfall and damage to supply gq, vkxs c<+dj Vhe dk usr`Ro djus dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
routes. The local people are seething with anger against z lekuqHkwfr vkSj laosxkRed cqf¼% ,d vfèkdkjh dks vlarq"V
the delayed limited rescue operations. When your team LFkkuh; yksxksa ds O;ogkj dks le>us ds fy;s lekuqHkwfr vkSj
reaches the affected area, the people there heckle and
even assault some of the team members. One of your laosxkRed cqf¼ dh vko';drk gksrh gSA vU;Fkk dksbZ Hkh jkgr
team members is even severely injured. Faced with this fe'ku dks jksd ldrk gSA cy dk mi;ksx dj ldrk gS] tks dsoy
crisis, some team members plead with you to call off the muds Øksèk dks c<+k,xkA
operations fearing threats to their life.
z vuqu; (Persuasion) dh 'kfDr% Øksfèkr yksx çfrfØ;k'khy
In such trying circumstances, what will be your
response? Examine the qualities of a public servant
vkSj vnwjn'khZ gksrs gSa] mUgsa fdlh ckr ds fy;s lger djus ds
which will be required to manage the situation. fy;s vuqu; {kerk dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
mÙkj% bl rjg ds mxz o v'kkar okrkoj.k eas esjh vuqfØ;k z èkS;Z vkSj ekufld lfØ;rk dh mifLFkfr% ,d yksd lsod
fopkj'khy] çHkko'kkyh vkSj ekuoh; gksuh pkfg;s D;ksafd blesa dbZ ,slh fLFkfr esa Lor% çofrZr (lgt) fu.kZ; ysus dk tksf•e ugha
rjg dh uSfrd nqfoèkk,¡ 'kkfey gSaA g”kkjksa yksxksa dks mlh gky esa mBk ldrk gSA vkxs dh dkjZokbZ fopkj'khy ewY;kadu vkSj rhoz
NksM+dj tkuk] tc os iwjh rjg ls ljdkjh enn ij fuHkZj gSa] dk;jrk fparu }kjk ekxZnf'kZr gksuh pkfg;sA
dk dk;Z gksxk] tks fd ,d yksd lsod ds fy;s vuqfpr gSA bl çdkj] gesa fLFkfr dh laosnu'khyrk dks le>uk pkfg;s vkSj
cpko vfHk;ku ds çeq• ds :i esa esjh izkFkfed vuqfØ;k yksxksa dks mudh çfrfØ;kvksa ds fy;s nks"k ugha nsuk pkfg;sA lgkuqHkwfr
^lewg* dk è;ku iqu% vius okLrfod mís';ksa dh vksj dsafær djuk vkSj lacy dfBu leL;kvksa esa yksxksa dks cpkus dh egÙoiw.kZ dqath
gksxhA muesa ls dqN yksx vfHk;ku ij jksd yxkus dk vuqjksèk djsaxs gS] tks fd ,d yksd lsod ,d egÙoiw.kZ nkf;Ro Hkh gSA
rc eq>s dqN mnkgj.kksa ds lkFk mUgsa çsfjr djuk gksxk] tSls& 2014 iz'u% bZekunkjh vkSj lPpkbZ ,d flfoy lsod ds izek.kd gSaA
esa d'ehj esa vkbZ ck<+ ds nkSjku] tc ,u-Mh-vkj-,iQ- dh Vhe us bu xq.kksa ls ;qDr flfoy lsod fdlh Hkh lqn`<+ laxBu ds
cpko vfHk;ku 'kq: fd;k rks mu ij iFkjko fd;k x;k] mudh ukosa es#naM ekus tkrs gSaA dÙkZO; fuoZgu ds nkSjku] os fofHkUu
Nhu yh xb± vkSj muesa ls ,d dks Nqjk ekj fn;k x;k] ysfdu mUgksaus fu.kZ; ysrs gSaA dHkh&dHkh buesa ls dqN fu.kZ; ln~Hkkfod

634
 Hkwy cu tkrs gSaA tc rd ,sls fu.kZ; tkucw>dj ugha fy;s zbZekunkj vfèkdkfj;ksa dks ijs'kku djus dk midj.k% Hkz"V
tkrs gSa vkSj O;fDrxr ykHk iznku ugha djrs] rc rd jktuhfrd usrkvksa vkSj ukSdj'kkgksa }kjk vkèkkjghu f'kdk;rksa o
vfèkdkjh dks nks"kh ugha dgk tk ldrk gSA ;|fi dHkh&dHkh fujh{k.k ds ekè;e ls bZekunkj vfèkdkfj;ksa dks ijs'kku fd;k tk
,sls fu.kZ;ksa ds nh?kkZofèk esa vizR;kf'kr izfrdwy ifj.kke ldrk gSA lkFk gh ,sls vfHk;kstuks ls mUgsa lekt esa cnukeh ds
mRiUu gks ldrs gSaA vykok ekufld ihM+k vkSj vR;fèkd foÙkh; uqdlku Hkh >syuk
vHkh gky esa dqN ,sls mnkgj.k lkeus vk, gSa ftuesa flfoy iM+rk gSA
lsodksa dks ln~Hkkfod Hkwyksa ds fy;s vkfyIr fd;k x;k bZekunkj yksd lsodksa dks ln~Hkkfod Hkwyksa ds fy;s vkfyIr u
gSA mUgsa vdlj vfHk;ksftr vkSj cafnr Hkh fd;k x;k gSA fd;k tk,] ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s fuEufyf[kr mik; gSa&
bu izdj.kksa ds dkj.k flfoy lsodksa dh uSfrd jpuk dks z ç'kklu esa vfèkdre ikjnf'kZrk lqfuf'pr djuk% fu.kZ; dSls
vR;fèkd {kfr igq¡ph gSA fy;s tk jgs gSa] blds ckjs esa vfèkdre Li"Vrk vkSj ikjnf'kZrk
;g izo`fÙk yksd lsokvksa ds dk;Z fu"iknu dks fdl rjg dks lqfuf'pr djrs gq, egÙoiw.kZ uhfrxr fu.kZ; fy;s tkus pkfg;sA
izHkkfor dj jgh gS\ ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s fd ;g xyr fu.kZ;ksa ds fy;s dqN O;fDr;ksa dks nks"k nsus ls jksdsxkA
bZekunkj flfoy lsod ln~Hkkfod Hkwyksa ds fy;s vkfyIr z ukSdj'kkgh dk jktuhrhdj.k de djuk% LFkkukarj.k dk Mj]
ugha fd;s tk,¡] D;k mik; fd;s tk ldrs gSa\ rdZlaxr inksUufr;ksa ls budkj djuk ;k lsokfuo`fÙk ds ckn nafMr fd;s
mÙkj nhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
tkus dk Hk; vfèkdkfj;ksa ds fu.kZ; ysus dks çHkkfor dj ldrk
Honesty and uprightness are the hallmarks of a civil
servant. Civil servants possessing these qualities are
gSA yksd lsodksa ds fy;s fuf'pr dk;Zdky fuèkkZfjr djuk] yksd
considered as the backbone of any strong organization. lsokvksa esa laLFkkxr lqèkkjksa (Systemic Reforms) ds fy;s cgqr
In line of duty, they take various decision, at times some vko';d dne gSA
become bonafide mistakes. As long as such decisions are
not taken intentionally and do not benefit personally,
laLFkkuksa dh Hkwfedk
the officer cannot be said to be guilty. Though such z ,d yksdra=k vkSj rs”kh ls o`f¼ djrh vFkZO;oLFkk esa] U;k;ikfydk
decisions may, at times, lead to unforeseen adverse
dks dkuwuksa dh cgqr jpukRed O;k[;k ds lkFk fu.kZ; ysus gksrs
consequences in the long-term.
In the recent past, a few instances have surfaced wherein
gSaA bls Hkz"Vkpkj vkSj xyr ç'kklfud fu.kZ;ksa ds chp varj dks
civil servants have been implicated for bonafide Li"V djuk pkfg;sA
mistakes. They have often been prosecuted and even z vkbZ-,-,l- ,lksfl,'ku vkWiQ bafM;k vkSj vU; flfoy lkslkbVh
imprisoned. These instances have greatly rattled the
lewgksa dks xyr vfHk;kstu ds nkSj ls xq”kj jgs bZekunkj vfèkdkfj;ksa
moral fibre of the civil servants.
How does this trend affect the functioning of the civil
dk leFkZu djuk pkfg;sA
services? What measures can be taken to ensure that z vkarfjd fujh{k.k ra=k cukuk% çR;sd foHkkx esa vkarfjd iwNrkN
honest civil servants are not implicated for bonafide dks ln~Hkkfod fu.kZ;ksa dh vkijkfèkd tk¡p ds fy;s fliQkfj'k
mistakes on their part? Justify your answer.
djus ls igys vfèkdkfj;ksa dh lR;fu"Bk vkSj fiNys is'ks ds
mÙkj% yksd lsodksa dh Hkwfedk mu fu.kZ;ksa dks ysus dh gksrh gS] fjdkWMZ ij fopkj djuk pkfg;sA
ftu ls ns'k ds lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl ij egÙoiw.kZ izHkko iM+rk
rdZlaxrrk@vkSfpR;
gSA ;|fi] bZekunkj vfèkdkfj;ksa ds xyr vfHk;kstu ds mnkgj.kksa ls
bZekunkj vfèkdkfj;ksa ds eukscy ij xgjk izHkko iM+rk gSA Hkkjr esa pw¡fd fy;k x;k gj fu.kZ; yacs le; esa lgh lkfcr ugha gks
yksd lsokvksa ds dk;Z fu"iknu dks blus fuEufyf[kr :iksa esa çHkkfor ldrk] blfy;s xyfr;ksa ds fy;s bZekunkj vfèkdkfj;ksa dks vfHk;ksftr
fd;k gS& djuk vU;k;iw.kZ gSA ;qok vkSj vkdka{kh yksd lsodksa dks bZekunkjh]
z vfèkdkfj;ksa ds fu.kZ;u ij çHkko% vfèkdkfj;ksa dks vius fopkj fu"i{krk vkSj fuMjrk tSls çeq• ewY;ksa dks Lo;a esa lajf{kr djuk pkfg;sA
O;Dr djus esa ckèkk gksxhA ;g muds xyr fu.kZ;ksa ds fo#¼ ÅtkZoku vkSj bZekunkj vfèkdkjh] tks vPNs mís';ksa ds fy;s tksf•e
foHkkxh; dkjZokbZ ds Hk; ls yky iQhrk'kkgh dks vkSj c<+k ldrk gSA ysrs gSa] dks çksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA fdlh Hkh ukSdj'kkg ;k yksd
z vkfFkZd fodkl esa ckèkk% lkoZtfud lsokvksa esa futh {ks=k dh vfèkdkjh dks ln~Hkkfod fu.kZ; ds fy;s Hk;Hkhr ugha gksuk pkfg;sA
Hkkxhnkjh c<+us ds lkFk vfHk;kstu dk Mj bZekunkj vfèkdkfj;ksa vfèkdkfj;ksa dks bZekunkjh vkSj lPpkbZ ds lkFk jguk pkfg;s vkSj
dks fdlh Hkh {ks=k esa çxfr'khy] fuHkhZd vkSj lkglh fu.kZ; ysus varr% xyr ij lgh dh thr gh gksrh gSA tSlk fd jk"Vªh; vkn'kZ
ls çfrcafèkr dj ldrk gSA egÙoiw.kZ fu.kZ; ysus esa nsjh ls nqcZy okD; crkrk gS& ^lR;eso t;rs* vFkkZr~ lR; dh lnSo gh fot; gksrh
'kklu dks c<+kok feysxkA gS_ vlR; dh ughaA
635
 mnkgj.k ds fy;s dks;yk ea=kky; ds iwoZ lfpo ,p-lh- xqIrk] mÙkj% bl çdj.k esa fufgr rF;&
ftUgsa mudh bZekunkjh vkSj LoPN dWfj;j fjdkWMZ ds fy;s tkuk tkrk z dk;ZLFky ij foi.ku vfèkdkjh ij ;kSu mRihM+u dk vkjksi yxk;k
gS] dks dks;yk ?kksVkys esa muds f•ykiQ vkijkfèkd dnkpkj ds vkjksi x;kA
lkfcr djus esa lhchvkbZ ds foiQy jgus ds ckn fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; z daiuh ds fy;s foi.ku vfèkdkjh ,d egÙoiw.kZ lalkèku gS D;ksafd
}kjk cjh dj fn;k x;k FkkA
mlus vYikofèk esa gh foØ; dh ek=kk dks c<+k fn;kA
bl çdkj] yksd lsodksa ds fy;s le; dh vko';drk ;gh gS
z efgyk dehZ dh f'kdk;r dk laKku ysus ds ekeys esa daiuh
fd muds }kjk ^vkpkj lafgrk* ds lkFk&lkFk ^uSfrd lafgrk* dk Hkh
leqfpr vuqikyu fd;k tk,A çcaèku dh mnklhurkA
iz'u% cM+h la[;k esa efgyk dfeZ;ksa okyh ,d ifjèkku mRiknd z daiuh us efgyk dehZ ij çkFkfedh okil ysus dk ncko cuk;kA
daiuh ds vusd dkj.kksa ls foØ; esa fxjkoV vk jgh FkhA 'kkfey
uSfrd eqís
daiuh us ,d çfrf"Br foi.ku vfèkdkjh dks fu;qDr fd;k] fgrèkkjd
ftlus vYikofèk esa gh foØ; dh ek=kk dks c<+k fn;kA efgyk dehZ z çdj.k dks vkxs c<+kus esa ekufld ihM+k o
ysfdu ml vfèkdkjh ds fo#¼ dk;ZLFky ij ;kSu mRihM+u lkekftd ncko dks laHkkyukA
esa fyIr gksus dh dqN viq"V f'kdk;rsa lkeus vkb±A z ekSfæd ykHk ds fy;s daiuh ds lkFk okÙkkZ djus
dqN le; i'pkr~ ,d efgyk deZpkjh us daiuh ds izcaèku ls vkRelEeku dks {kfrA
dks foi.ku vfèkdkjh ds fo#¼ ;kSu mRihM+u dh vkSipkfjd foi.ku z efgyk dehZ ds lkFk okÙkkZ djds is'ksoj thou
f'kdk;r nk;j dhA viuh f'kdk;r ds çfr daiuh dh vfèkdkjh dks cpkuk vkSj nks"k fl¼ u gksus ij funkZs"k
laKku ysus esa mnklhurk dks ns•rs gq,] efgyk dehZ us lkfcr gksukA
iqfyl esa çkFkfedh ntZ dhA daiuh çcaèku z efgyk dehZ dh xfjek ds çfr vlaosnu'khyrkA
ifjfLFkfr dh laosnu'khyrk vkSj xaHkhjrk dks Hkk¡irs gq,] z efgyk dehZ ds lkFk fofèk&fo#¼ okÙkkZ esa
daiuh us efgyk dehZ dks okÙkkZ djus ds fy;s cqyk;kA fyIr gksdj laxBukRed ewY;ksa ij ykHk dks
daiuh us efgyk dehZ dks ,d eksVh jde nsus ds ,o”k esa çkFkfedrkA
viuh f'kdk;r vkSj çkFkfedh okil ysus rFkk ;g fy• vU; dehZ z vU; efgyk dfeZ;ksa ds uSfrd foosd ds fo#¼
dj nsus ds fy;s dgk fd foi.ku vfèkdkjh çdj.k esa foi.ku vfèkdkjh ds lkFk dk;Z djuk tkjh
fyIr ugha FkkA j•ukA
bl çdj.k esa fufgr uSfrd eqíksa dh igpku dhft;sA efgyk dehZ ds ikl fuEufyf[kr fodYi miyCèk gSa
efgyk dehZ ds lkeus dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi miyCèk gS\a
1. daiuh çcaèku ds fo#¼ dM+k #• viukrs gq, ml çkFkfedh
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
An apparel manufacturing company having large
dks tkjh j•uk
number of women employees was losing sales due to blls mls U;k;ky; esa viuk n`f"Vdks.k lkfcr djus dk mfpr
various factors. The company hired a reputed marketing ekSdk feysxk vkSj bl çdkj Lo;a ds fy;s yM+ dj mls ekufld 'kkafr
executive, who increased the volume of sales within a
short span of time. However, some unconfirmed reports
feysxhA gkyk¡fd] bl çdj.k dks vkxs c<+kus esa efgyk dehZ dks ekufld
came up regarding his indulgence in sexual harassment ihM+k o lkekftd ncko dk lkeuk djuk iM+sxkA ;g mlds is'ks esa
at the work place. 'kkfey vU; laHkkoukvksa ds fy;s gkfudkjd Hkh lkfcr gks ldrk gSA
After sometime, a woman employee lodged a formal
2. efgyk dehZ daiuh }kjk okÙkkZ ds nkSjku is'k dh xbZ jkf'k
complaint to the management against the marketing
executive about sexually harassing her. Faced with the dks Lohdkj djs vkSj ekeyk okil ys ys
compnay's indifference in not taking cognizance of her ;g mlds dWfj;j ds fy;s ykHknk;d gks ldrk gS vkSj mls l[r
grievance, she lodged an FIR with the Police.
tk¡p çfØ;k ls cpk,xkA gkyk¡fd] ;g mldh ekufld 'kkafr dks çHkkfor
Realizing the sensitivity and gravity of the situation, the
company called the woman employee to negotiate. In djsxk D;ksafd mldk foosd mls vkRelEeku ij ekSfæd ykHk Lohdkj
that she was offered a hefty sum of money to withdraw djus dh vuqefr ugha nsxkA blds vykok og Hkfo"; esa dHkh Hkh
the complaint and the FIR and also give in writing that Lo;a ds fy;s vkok”k ugha mBk ik,xhA
the marketing executive is not involved in the case.
3. og daiuh ls R;kxi=k ns vkSj dWfj;j ds vU; voljksa ij
Identify the ethical issues involved in this case. What
options are available to the woman employee? è;ku dsafær djs

636
 ;g mls ,slh foijhr ifjfLFkfr ls cpk,xk vkSj mlds dWfj;j In a modern democratic polity, there is the concept of
dh vU; laHkkoukvksa ds fy;s ykHknk;d gksxkA gkyk¡fd] bl ;kSu mRihM+u political executive and permanent executive. Elected
people's representatives form the political executive and
dk çHkko thou Hkj mlds lkFk jgsxkA Hkfo"; esa mls iNrkok gksxk
bureaucracy forms the permanent executive. Ministers
fd og Lo;a] mls U;k; ls oafpr djus ds fy;s mÙkjnk;h gSA frame policy decisions and bureaucrats execute these.
bl ifjfLFkfr ds mfpr lekèkku dk lgh mik; fodYi (1) In the initial decades after independence, relationship
çrhr gksrk gSA ;gk¡ efgyk dehZ usr`Ro dh Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrh gSA between the permanent executive and the political
mldh yM+kbZ vU; efgyk dfeZ;ksa dh okLrfod eqíksa dks vkok”k çnku executive were characterized by mutual understanding,
respect and co-operation, without encroaching upon
djsxhA vuqdj.kh; O;ogkj dk ikyu djuk mldk uSfrd nkf;Ro gSA
each others domain.
;g u dsoy mls vkRe larqf"V çnku djsxk vfirq mlds vkRefo'okl
However, in the subsequent decades, the situation has
vkSj vkarfjd 'kfDr esa Hkh o`f¼ djsxkA changed. There are instances of the political executive
blds vykok foi.ku vfèkdkjh dks cpkdj ykHk ds mís';ksa dks insisting upon the permanent executive to follow its
çkFkfedrk nsuk daiuh izcaèku dh xyrh gS vkSj ;fn daiuh }kjk agenda. Respect for and appreciation of upright
dk;ZLFky ij efgykvksa dk ;kSu mRihM+u (fuokj.k] fu"ksèk ,oa funku) bureaucrats has declined. There is an increasing
tendency among the political executive to get involved
vfèkfu;e] 2013 ds varxZr ^vkarfjd f'kdk;r lfefr* dk xBu ugha
in routine administrative matters such as transfers,
fd;k x;k gS] rks ;g dkuwu dk mYya?ku gSA xkaèkhth us ^uSfrdrk ds postings etc. Under this scenario, there is a definitive
fcuk O;kikj* dks lkr lkekftd ikiksa esa ls ,d lanfHkZr fd;k gSA bl trend towards ‘politicization of bureaucracy’. The rising
çdkj] ;g u dsoy ,d O;fDr }kjk fd;k x;k vijkèk gS cfYd ,d materialism and acquisitiveness in social life has also
laxBu esa efgyk dh xfjek] uSfrd dk;Z&laLo`Qfr vkSj ySafxd lekurk adversely impacted upon the ethical values of both the
tSls ewY;ksa ds vHkko dks crykrk gSA permanent executive and the political executive.
What are the consequences of this ‘politicization of
iz'u% vkèkqfud yksdrkaf=kd jkT; O;oLFkk esa] jktuhfrd bureaucracy’? Discuss.
dk;Zikfydk vkSj LFkk;h dk;Zikfydk dh ladYiuk gksrh
mÙkj% fuokZfpr çfrfufèk;ksa vkSj ukSdj'kkgksa ds chp lg;ksx ns'k
gSA fuokZfpr tu izfrfufèk jktuhfrd dk;Zikfydk dk xBu
ds yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu ds fy;s vko';d gSA gkyk¡fd ^vfèkdkjhra=k ds
djrs gSa vkSj vfèkdkjhra=k LFkk;h dk;Zikfydk dk xBu
jktuhrhdj.k* ds dkj.k] yksd lsokvksa ds dk;Z fu"iknu esa fxjkoV vkbZ gSA
djrk gSA ea=khx.k uhfr&fuekZ.k djrs gSa vkSj vfèkdkjh mu
uhfr;ksa dks fozQ;kfUor djrs gSaA çdj.k esa varfuZfgr ewY;
Lora=krk ds i'pkr~ izkjafHkd n'kdksa esa] jktuhfrd z jktuhfrd rVLFkrk vkSj fu"i{krk
dk;Zikfydk vkSj LFkk;h dk;Zikfydk ds chp varl±caèk] z bZekunkjh vkSj lPpkbZ
,d&nwljs ds {ks=k esa gLr{ksi fd;s fcuk] ijLij le>] z n`<+ fo'okl dk lkgl
lEeku vkSj lg;ksx ij vkèkkfjr FksA
z vkpkj lafgrk dk ikyu
ysfdu ckn ds n'kdksa esa fLFkfr esa ifjorZu vk;k gSA ,sls
z oSèkkfud f”kEesnkjh
izdj.k vk, gSa tgk¡ jktuhfrd dk;Zikfydk us LFkk;h
dk;Zikfydk ij viuh dk;Zlwph dk vuqlj.k djus dk vfèkdkjhra= ds jktuhrhdj.k ds ifj.kke
ncko cuk;k gSA lR;fu"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ds izfr lEeku vkSj z ukSdj'kkgksa dh uSfrd çÑfr ds fy;s vfgrdkjh% dbZ ckj
ljkguk esa fxjkoV vkbZ gSA bl izo`fÙk esa mÙkjksÙkj o`f¼ gqbZ bZekunkj yksd lsodksa dks Hkh jktuhfrd >qdko j•us okys ,d
gS fd jktuhfrd dk;Zikfydk esa uSfR;d iz'kklfud izlaxksa jktuhfrd lewg ds i{k esa i{kikriw.kZ iQSlys ysus iM+rs gSaA
esa] tSls fd LFkkukarj.k] izLFkkiu vkfn esa varxZzLr gksus dh z O;fDrxr cuke is'ksoj thou esa nqfoèkk% HkkSfrd ykHkksa esa fyIr
izo`fÙk c<+rh tk jgh gSA bl ifjn`'; esa ^vfèkdkjhra=k ds ukSdj'kkg dks viuh varjkRek dh vkok”k ds lkFk le>kSrk djuk
jktuhrhdj.k* dh vksj ,d fuf'pr izo`fÙk gSA lkekftd iM+rk gS ftlls mldh eu dh 'kkafr vkSj dk;Z dh uSfrdrk esa
thou esa c<+rs HkkSfrdokn vkSj laxzgo`fÙk us jktuhfrd O;oèkku iM+rk gSA
dk;Zikfydk vkSj LFkk;h dk;Zikfydk ij izfrdwy izHkko z 'kklu ç.kkyh ij çHkko% yksd lsodksa ds dk;Z fu"iknu esa
Mkyk gSA fu"i{krk dh deh dk fnu&çfrfnu ds ç'kklu esa ;k rks lkoZtfud
^vfèkdkjhra=k ds bl jktuhrhdj.k* ds D;k&D;k ifj.kke lsok forj.k vFkok lkekftd dY;k.k ;kstukvksa dks ykxw djus
gSa\ foospuk dhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) esa muds fu.kZ;ksa dk lhèkk çHkko iM+rk gSA
637
 z vjktd fLFkfr;ksa esa leL;k,¡% lkaçnkf;d naxksa tSlh tfVy In one of the districts of a frontier state, narcotics
ifjfLFkfr;k¡ vfèkdkfj;ksa ls l[r jktuhfrd rVLFkrk dh ekax menace has been rampant. This has resulted in money
laundering, mushrooming of poppy farming, arms
djrh gSaA i{kikriw.kZ iQSlyksa ls tku&eky dh gkfu gks ldrh gSA
smuggling and near stalling of education. The system is
blfy;s] ,d yksd lsod dks ,slh fLFkfr;ksa esa vius fu.kZ;ksa ds on the verge of collapse. The situation has been further
fy;s tokcnsg gksuk pkfg;sA worsened by unconfirmed reports that local politicians
z uhfrxr i{kk?kkr@fucZyrk% xSj&lg;ksxh vfèkdkfj;ksa dk ckj&ckj as well as some senior police officers are providing
LFkkukarj.k] inksUufr esa nsjh] jktuhfrd çfr'kksèk dk Hk; bR;kfn surreptitious patronage to the drug mafia.
At that point of time a woman police officer, known for
dk ifj.kke muds fu.kZ;u esa ykyiQhrk'kkgh vkSj xksiuh;rk dh
her skills in handling such situations is appointed as
dk;ZlaLÑfr ds :i esa lkeus vkrk gSA Superintendent of Police to bring the situation to
z ukxfjd lekt ij udkjkRed çHkko% ljdkj esa 'kh"kZ inksa ij normalcy.
inLFk yksd lsod vkdka{kh ;qok Hkkjrh;ksa ds fy;s çsj.kklzksr gksrs If you are the same police officer, identify the various
gSaA mudk i{kikrh joS;k O;kid Lrj ij lkekftd uSfrdrk ds dimensions of the crisis. Based on your understanding,
fy;s vfgrdkjh gSA suggest measures to deal with the crisis.

blfy;s ,d yksd lsod dks jktuhfrd :i ls rVLFk gksuk mÙkj% mi;ZqDr f”kys dh fLFkfr lkekftd vkSj ç'kklfud ç.kkyh
pkfg;sA ,d yksd lsod ds :i esa] mldh turk ds çfr f”kEesnkfj;k¡ ds iru dh vksj vxzlj gksus ds lkFk dfBu çrhr gksrh gSA iQyr%
gksrh gSa vkSj blds fy;s mls viuh varjkRek dh vkok”k dks è;ku esa bl rjg ds ifjn`'; dk çlkj ekuo vkSj lkekftd iwath ds viO;;]
j•rs gq, laoSèkkfud fl¼karksa dk ikyu djuk pkfg;sA mudk çkFkfed vijkèk nj esa o`f¼ vkSj f”kys esa mifLFkr yksxksa dh Hkfo"; dh
dk;Z ^fu"dke deZ* (fu%LokFkZ lsok vkSj bPNkfoghu dÙkZO;) djuk laHkkoukvksa dks •rjs esa Mkyus dk dk;Z djsxkA
gSA os tks Hkh dk;Z lkoZtfud rkSj ij djrs gSa mlds fy;s mUgsa rdZlaxr] f”kyk vla[; leL;kvksa ls tw> jgk gSA bl ladV ds fofHkUu
vuqdj.kh; vkSj çfrc¼ gksuk pkfg;sA vk;ke gSa ftUgsa la{ksi esa çLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gS&
blds vfrfjDr HkkSfrdrkoknh oLrq,¡ fdlh dks dsoy FkksM+s le; z oSèkkfud vk;ke% u'khys inkFkks± ds •rjs ls mRiUu gksus okyh
ds fy;s lq• çnku dj ldrh gSaA fdlh O;fDr }kjk viuk dk;Z xfrfofèk;k¡] tSl&s èku 'kksèku] viQhe dh •srh] gfFk;kjksa dh rLdjh
bZekunkjh ls djus vkSj vU;ksa ds thou esa ldkjkRed ;ksxnku nsus ls vkfn oSèkkfud :i ls lacafèkr dkuwuksa ds rgr çfrcafèkr gSaA
çkIr larqf"V yacs le; rd jgrh gSA bl dkj.k] yksd lsodksa vkSj z lqj{kk vk;ke% Hkkjr esa lhekar f”kys foèoald lewgksa ds fy;s
;gk¡ rd fd jktusrkvksa dks Hkh HkkSfrd ykHk ls rVLFk jguk pkfg;sA vfrlaosnu'khy gSa] tks yksdra=k vkSj jkT; ds vfèkdkj dks de”kksj
lkFk gh] ,d yksd lsod dks fdlh Hkh le; fdlh Hkh fLFkfr djus dh dksf'k'k dj jgs gSaA gfFk;kjksa dh rLdjh vkSj èku 'kksèku
esa lsok djus ds fy;s rS;kj jguk pkfg;sA LFkkukarj.k ds Hk; ls ,d mudh vlkekftd xfrfofèk;ksa ds foÙk iks"k.k dks vklku lkèku
yksd lsod dks lkoZtfud ykHk vkSj lekt ds O;kid fgr ds çfr çnku djrk gSA
viuh çfrc¼rk ls ugha cpuk pkfg;sA z lkekftd vk;ke% bl rjg dh foÑfr;ksa ls xzLr lekt dHkh
iz'u% ,d lhekar jkT; ds ,d f”kys esa u'khys inkFkks± dk [krjk Hkh f'k{kk] LokLF;] fodkl] l'kDrhdj.k vkSj lkekftd dY;k.k
vfu;af=kr gks x;k gSA blds ifj.kkeLo:i dkys èku dk ij è;ku dsafær ugha dj ldrk gS tks dY;k.kdkjh jkT; dk eq[;
izpyu] iksLr dh [ksrh esa o`f¼] gfFk;kjksa dh rLdjh O;kid mís'; gSA
gks xbZ gS rFkk f'k{kk O;oLFkk yxHkx BIi gks xbZ gSA laiw.kZ
z vkfFkZd vk;ke% ,slh xfrfofèk;ksa esa yksxksa ds 'kkfey gksus ls
O;oLFkk ,d izdkj ls lekfIr ds dxkj ij gSA bu viq"V
jkT; ds fo#¼ nhed dh rjg CySd bdkWueh dk mn; gksrk gS
[kcjksa ls fd LFkkuh; jktusrk vkSj dqN iqfyl mPpkfèkdkjh
tks ml jkT; dks cqjh rjg ls izHkkfor djrh gSA
Hkh Mªx ekfiQ;k dks xqIr laj{k.k ns jgs gSa] fLFkfr vkSj Hkh
z jktuhfrd vkSj ç'kklfud vk;ke% dfFkr :i ls] LFkkuh;
cnrj gks xbZ gSA
,sls le; esa] ifjfLFkfr dks lkekU; djus ds fy;s] ,d jktusrk vkSj ofj"B iqfyl vfèkdkfj;kas dk Mªx ekfiQ;k ds lkFk
efgyk iqfyl vfèkdkjh] tks ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls fuiVus xBtksM+ gS vkSj os mUgsa xqIr leFkZu çnku dj jgs gSa_ tks lnkpkj
ds fy;s vius dkS'ky ds fy;s tkuh tkrh gS] dks iqfyl vkSj uSfrd LokfeRo dk loky •M+k djrs gSaA
vèkh{kd ds in ij fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA ladV ls fuiVus ds mik;
;fn vki ogh iqfyl vfèkdkjh gSa] rks ladV ds fofHkUu pw¡fd leL;k,¡ lkekftd] jktuhfrd vkSj ç'kklfud lajpukvksa
vk;keksa dks fpfUgr dhft;sA viuh le> ds vuqlkj] ladV esa fjlko ds ekè;e ls mRiUu gqb± gSa] blfy;s ,d efgyk iqfyl
dk lkeuk djus ds mik; Hkh lq>k,¡A vèkh{kd ds rkSj ij esjh vuqfØ;k ifjdfyr] lVhd vkSj rhoz gksuh
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) pkfg;s tks fd yach vofèk ds fufgrkFkks± dks è;ku esa j•dj gksxhA

638
 lcls igys] O;oLFkk ds vanj ekStwn vijkfèk;ksa dh igpku djus systems and anti-corruption agencies. In view of this,
ds fy;s Lo;a iqfyl çfr"Bku ds Hkhrj xgu tk¡p dh tkuh pkfg;s there is a need being felt to focus on three specific areas,
which are directly relevant to the problems of
rRi'pkr~ mUgsa l”kk feyuh pkfg;sA internalizing integrity and ethics in the civil services.
fofèk dk çorZu% eSa ekStwnk dkuwuksa dh tk¡p vkSj muds l[r These are as follows:
fØ;kUo;u ij è;ku dsafær d:¡xh] ftlesa çsj.kknk;d efgyk ,lih 1. Anticipating specific threats to ethical standards
latqDrk ijk'kj ls izsj.kk xzg.k d:¡xh ftUgksaus dq'kyrk ls iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr and integrity in the civil services,
2. Strengthening the ethical competence of civil
ds vusd jkT;ksa esa foæksg ij vadq'k yxk;k] lkFk gh mxzokfn;ksa ls
servants and
voSèk gfFk;kjksa vkSj xksyk&ck:n dks ”kCr fd;kA 3. Developing administrative processes and practices
lhek j{kd cyksa dh enn ysuk% pw¡fd esjk f”kyk ,d lhekar which promote ethical values and integrity in civil
jkT; esa gS] ftlesa varjkZ"Vªh; rÙoksa ds 'kkfey gksus dh laHkkouk Hkh services.
Suggest institutional measures to address the above three
gks ldrh gSA blds fy;s] iqfyl cy dks lhek lqj{kk dfeZ;ksa ds lkFk
issues.
feydj dk;Z djuk gksxk D;ksafd isVªksfyax vkSj ryk'kh vfHk;ku ds
lkFk LFkkuh; rÙoksa dks vyx fd;k tk ldrk gSA mÙkj% gkfy;k ifjn`'; esa] yksd lsokvksa ls uSfrd O;ogkj vkSj
'kqfprk ds mPp ekudksa ds fy;s vke ukxfjdksa] dkWiksZjsV {ks=k vkSj
fofèk izorZu djus ds vykok] eSa f”kykfèkdkjh tSls 'kh"kZ ç'kklfud
ukxfjd lekt dh mEehn c<+ jgh gSA bls çksRlkfgr djus ds fy;s
inkfèkdkfj;ksa ds lkFk leL;k ds lkekftd vk;keksa ij Hkh ppkZ d:¡xhA
lkFk gh vU; lgk;d dÙkkZvksa] tSls fd xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa] iapk;r fofHkUu mik;] tSls& vkpkj lafgrk] ukxfjd ?kks"k.kki=k vkfn fodflr
çeq•ksa vkfn dks Hkh blesa 'kkfey djus dks dgw¡xh rkfd f'k{kk O;oLFkk fd;s x, gSaA gkyk¡fd] bls vkSj vfèkd ukxfjd&vuqdwy cukus ds fy;s
iqu% LFkkfir djus rFkk leL;k dks lexz :i ls lacksfèkr djus ds yksd lsokvksa esa is'ksoj uSfrdrk (izksisQ'kuy ,fFkDl) vkSj 'kqfprk dks
fy;s la;qDr rjhds ls dk;Z fd;k tk ldsA vkRelkr djus ij Hkh è;ku dsafær djuk pkfg;sA
iksLr dh •srh ls ;fn dksbZ fu;fer fdlku tqM+k gS rks mlls mi;qZDr çdj.k esa varfuZfgr ewY;
;g NqM+okus dk ç;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA z yksd lsodksa dh uSfrd 'kqfprk
Hkkjr ds lhekar f”kyksa dks vkfFkZd :i ls le`¼] lkekftd :i z 'kklu esa lR;fu"Bk
ls lejlrk vkSj voSèk vkijkfèkd usVodZ ls eqDr j•us dh vko';drk z yksd lsodksa dh uSfrd vfHko`fÙk
gS] D;ksafd ,d ihfM+r@O;fFkr lhekar f”kys ls Hkkjr dh lqj{kk] ,drk
z tokcnsgh
vkSj v•aMrk ij nh?kZdkfyd çfrdwy çHkko iM+ ldrk gSA
z ikjnf'kZrk vkSj ukxfjd Hkkxhnkjh
iz'u% Hkkjr esa gky ds le; esa c<+rh fapark jgh gS fd izHkkoh
flfoy lsok uSfrdrk] vkpj.k&lafgrkvks]a ikjn£'krk mik;ks]a 1. flfoy lsokvksa esa] uSfrd ekudksa vkSj 'kqfprk ds fy;s
uSfrd ,oa 'kqfprk O;oLFkkvksa rFkk Hkz"Vkpkj fujksèkh fof'k"V [krjksa dk iwokZuqeku djuk
vfHkdj.kksa dks fodflr fd;k tk ldsA bl ifjizs{; esa] z ykyiQhrk'kkgh% çHkkoh lsok forj.k ds fy;s vuko';d ç'kklfud
rhu fof'k"V {ks=kksa ij è;ku nsus dh vko';drk dks eglwl tfVyrkvksa dh igpku dh tkuh pkfg;s vkSj mUgsa gVk fn;k tkuk
fd;k tk jgk gS tks flfoy lsokvksa esa 'kqfprk vkSj uSfrdrk pkfg;sA
dks vkRelkr~ djus gsrq izR;{k :i ls izklafxd gSaA ;s {ks=k z xksiuh;rk dh laLÑfr% yksd lsodksa vkSj lkoZtfud vfèkdkfj;ksa
fuEufyf[kr gSa& }kjk fy;s x, fu.kZ; ikjn'khZ vkSj ;FkklaHko •qys (Open) gksus
1. flfoy lsokvksa esa] uSfrd ekudksa vkSj bZekunkjh ds pkfg;sA lkFk gh vkfèkdkfjd fu.kZ;ksa ds fy;s dkj.k Hkh fn;s tkus
fof'k"V [krjksa dk iwokZuqeku djuk] pkfg;sA
2. flfoy lsodksa dh uSfrd l{kerk dks l'kDr djuk z vi;kZIr f'kdk;r fuokj.k ç.kkyh% lkoZtfud f'kdk;rksa dk
vkSj le; ij lekèkku vkSj lkoZtfud laxBuksa dks çnku dh xbZ mi;qDr
3. flfoy lsokvksa esa uSfrd ewY;ksa vkSj bZekunkjh dh çfØ;k lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s çHkkoh ra=k LFkkfir fd;s tkus
vfHko`f¼ ds fy;s] iz'kklfud izfozQ;kvksa ,oa izFkkvksa pkfg;sA f'kdk;r fuokj.k çfØ;kvksa dh fuxjkuh dh tkuh pkfg;s
dk fodkl djukA rkfd ç.kkfy;ksa dh leh{kk lqfuf'pr djrs gq, çn'kZu esa lqèkkj
mijksDr rhu eqíksa dk gy fudkyus ds fy;s laLFkkxr mik; fd;k tk ldsA
lq>kb;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z ,di{kh; >qdko vkSj i{kikriw.kZ joS;k% ,d is'ksoj vkSj

In recent times, there has been an increasing concern
in India do develop effective civil service ethics, codes xSj&i{kikriw.kZ yksd lsodksa ds inkuqØe dks cukus ds fy;s vkpj.k
of conduct, transparency measures, ethics and integrity fu;eksa vkSj vkpkj lafgrk dk izHkkoh dk;kZUo;u gksuk pkfg;sA
639
 z flfoy lsodksa dk vfHktkR;okn% tu Hkkxhnkjh c<+kus vkSj 2018
lkoZtfud lsok forj.k esa lqèkkj ds fy;s yksd lsodksa esa lkoZtfud
mUeq[krk egÙoiw.kZ gSA ukxfjd&fgrS"kh O;ogkj lqfuf'pr djus ds iz'u% jkds'k f”kyk Lrj dk ,d f”kEesnkj vfèkdkjh gS ftl ij
fy;s yksd lsodksa dks mfpr çf'k{k.k fn;k tkuk pkfg;sA mlds mPp vfèkdkjh Hkjkslk djrs gSaA mldh bZekunkjh dks
è;ku esa j[krs gq, ljdkj us mls ofj"B ukxfjdksa ds fy;s
2- yksd lsodksa dh uSfrd l{kerk dks l'kDr djuk
,d LokLF; ns[kHkky ;kstuk ds ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh igpku
z çf'k{k.k vkSj çn'kZu ewY;kadu% ;g bZekunkj yksd lsodksa dks
djus dk nkf;Ro lkSaik gSA ykHkkFkhZ gksus ds fy;s fuEufyf[kr
çksRlkfgr djsxk vkSj mUgsa nwljksa ds vuqdj.k ds fy;s çsj.kklzksr
dlkSfV;k¡ gSa&
cuk,xkA
(a) 60 o"kZ dh ;k mlls vfèkd vk;q gksA
z iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku% ;g yksd lsokvksa ds fy;s csgrj vkSj
(b) fdlh vkjf{kr leqnk; ls lacafèkr gksA
uokpkjh lekèkku fodflr djus ds fy;s flfoy lsokvksa esa
(c) ifjokj dh okf"kZd vk; ` 1 yk[k ls de gksA
çfrLièkkZ dks c<+kok nsxkA
(d) bykt ds ckn ykHkkFkhZ ds thou dh xq.koÙkk esa
z lekos'kh dk;Z laLÑfr dks c<+kok nsuk% lsokvksa dh çHkko'khyrk
ldkjkRed varj gksus dh izcy laHkkouk gksA
rFkk vfèkdkfj;ksa ds chp lg;ksx c<+kus ds fy;s l[r inkuqØe
,d fnu ,d o`¼ naifr jkds'k ds dk;kZy; esa ;kstuk ds
dks yphyk cukuk gksxkA
ykHk ds fy;s vkosnu&i=k ysdj vk;kA os mlds f”kys ds
z lkekftd vkSj lkaLÑfrd l{kerk% blls yksd lsodksa dks
,d xk¡o esa tUe ls jgrs vk, gSaA o`¼ O;fDr dh cM+h vk¡r
fofoèkrkoknh o cgqyrkoknh Hkkjrh; lekt dks le>us vkSj turk
esa ,d ,sls fojys fodkj dk irk yxk ftlls mlesa #dkoV
dh mPp vkdka{kkvksa ds vuq:i çn'kZu djus esa enn feysxhA
iSnk gksrh gSA ifj.kkeLo:i] mlds isV esa ckj&ckj rhoz
3. yksd lsokvksa esa uSfrd ewY;ksa vkSj bZekunkjh dh vfHko`f¼
ihM+k gksrh gS ftlls og dksbZ 'kkjhfjd Je ugha dj ldrk
ds fy;s] ç'kklfud çfØ;kvksa ,oa çFkkvksa dk fodkl djuk
gSA o`¼ naifr dh ns[kjs[k djus ds fy;s dksbZ larku ugha
z tokcnsgh dks c<+kok nsuk% çHkkoh dkuwu vkSj mudk mfpr
gSA ,d fo'ks"kK 'kY; fpfdRld] ftlls os feys gSa] fcuk
fØ;kUo;u ftuds fy;s yksd lsodksa dks vius vkfèkdkfjd fu.kZ;ksa iQhl ds mudh 'kY; fpfdRlk djus dks rS;kj gSA fiQj Hkh]
ds dkj.k nsus dh vko';drk gksrh gS] mnkgj.k ds fy;s& vkjVhvkbZ ml o`¼ naifr dks vkdfLed O;;] tSls nokb;k¡] vLirky
vfèkfu;e] 2005A dk [kpZ] vkfn tks yxHkx `1 yk[k gksxk] Lo;a gh ogu
z Hkz"Vkpkj dks de djuk% ç'kklfud dk;Z dh tokcnsgh lqfuf'pr
djuk iM+sxkA naifr ekud ^c* ds vykok ;kstuk dk ykHk
djus ds fy;s Hkz"Vkpkj fuokj.k vfèkfu;e] fOglyCyksvj laj{k.k izkIr djus dh lkjh dlkSfV;k¡ iwjh djrk gSA fiQj Hkh] fdlh
vfèkfu;e bR;kfn dks e”kcwr djukA foosdkfèkdkj dks de djus Hkh izdkj dh foÙkh; lgk;rk fuf'pr rkSj ij muds thou
ds fy;s bZ&xousl
± ds :i esa rduhdh gLr{ksi] lkekftd vad{s k.k dh xq.koÙkk esa dkiQh varj iSnk djsxhA jkds'k dks bl
vkfn tSls iz;klksa dks c<+kok nsukA ifjfLFkfr esa D;k vuqfØ;k djuh pkfg;s\
z ekuo lalkèku çcaèku j.kuhfr;k¡% çn'kZu&vkèkkfjr osru] ik'oZ
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
ços'k (ySVjy ,aVªh)] cgq&pj.k çf'k{k.k bR;kfn lkoZtfud lsok Rakesh is a responsible district level officer, who enjoys
forj.k dh n{krk vkSj xq.koÙkk esa o`f¼ djsaxsA the trust of his higher officials. Knowing his honesty, the
z vkarfjd vkSj cká lfefr;k¡% yksd lsodksa vkSj turk dh government entrusted him with the responsibility of
f'kdk;rksa ds fuokj.k ds fy;s vkarfjd vkSj cká lfefr;ksa dh identifying the beneficiaries under a healthcare scheme
LFkkiukA ;g laxBu dh dk;Z laLÑfr esa lqèkkj djrk gSA meant for senior citizens.
The criteria to be a beneficiary are the following:
z vkpkj lafgrk ds fu;e% ;g yksd lsodksa ls mfpr O;ogkj
(a) 60 years of age or above.
lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s gS] tks fd fcuk i{kikr ds gksuk pkfg;sA (b) Belonging to a reserved community.
yksd lsodksa esa uSfrd O;ogkj vkSj 'kqfprk dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj (c) Family income of less than ` 1 lakh per annum.
lkoZtfud ç'kklu dks lqèkkjuk vR;ar egÙoiw.kZ gS_ ;g lqfuf'pr (d) Post-treatment prognosis is likely to be high to make
djus ds fy;s fd lkekftd dY;k.k dh uhfr;ksa dks lgh Hkkouk ls a positive difference to the quality of life of the
beneficiary.
dk;kZfUor fd;k tk,A blls vke ukxfjdksa ds çfr yksd lsodksa dh
One day, an old couple visited Rakesh's office with their
tokcnsgh esa lqèkkj gksxkA lkFk gh] blls ljdkjh O;oLFkk esa turk application. They have been the residence of a village
dk fo'okl c<+sxkA c`grj lkekftd iwath cnys esa uSfrd 'kklu dks in his district since their birth. The old man is diagnosed
c<+kok nsus esa enn dj ldrh gSA with a rare condition that causes obstruction in the large

640
 intestine. As a consequence, he has severe abdominal djsxh] tks fd ;kstuk dh dlkSfV;ksa dk ewy gSA vr% jkds'k dks fuf'pr
pain frequently that prevents him from doing any gh o`¼ naifr dh lgk;rk dk iz;kl djuk pkfg;s ftlls muds thou
physical labour. The couple have no children to support
them. The expert surgeon whom they contacted is
eas xq.kkRed ldkjkRed lqèkkj vk lds] tks fd dY;k.kdkjh jkT; ds
willing to do the surgery without charging any fee. fgrksa ds Hkh vuqdwy gSA
However, the couple will have to bear the cost of mi;qZDr izdj.k esa ;g gks ldrk gS fd mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa dks
incidental charges, such as medicines, hospitalization, bl ckr dk irk yxus ij mldh bZekunkjh o dÙkZO;fu"Brk ij loky
etc., to the tune of ` 1 lakh. The couple fulfills all the
criteria except criterion ‘b’. However, any financial aid
[kM+s fd;s tk ldrs gSa D;kasfd o`¼ naifr ekud ^c* dk ikyu ugha
would certainly make a significant difference in their djrk gSA Hkys gh ;g ;kstuk dh dlkSfV;ksa ls FkksM+k&lk fopyu gS
quality of life. ysfdu ;g iz;kl o`¼ naifr ds thou esa xq.kkRed lqèkkj yk,xk] tks
How should Rakesh respond to the situation? ekuoh;rk o uSfrdrk ds fgrksa ds vuqdwy gSA fdlh Hkh O;fDr ds
mÙkj% o`¼ naifr dks fofHkUu izdkj dh leL;kvksa dk lkeuk thou eas [kq'kh ykuk fdlh Hkh f”kEesnkj vfèkdkjh dk ije dÙkZO; gS]
djuk iM+rk gS vkSj vekuoh; n'kkvksa esa viuk thou&;kiu djuk vr% jkds'k dks o`¼ naifr dh enn djuh pkfg;sA lkFk gh fdlh
iM+rk gS D;ksafd o`¼ naifr 'kkjhfjd ,oa ekufld :i ls dk;Z djus ,uthvks ,oa Lo;alsoh laxBu dks Hkh bl dk;Z esa 'kkfey djus dk
esa l{ke ugha gksrs gSaA ;g leL;k rc vkSj tfVy gks tkrh gS tc iz;kl djuk pkfg;s D;ksafd ekud dk mYya?ku rks ugha fd;k tk ldrk]
mudh ns[kHkky ,oa j[kj[kko ds fy;s dksbZ larku u gks_ mi;qZDr izdj.k ysfdu ml o`¼ naifr dh lgk;rk djuk uSfrd n`f"V ls loZFkk mfpr gSA
esa bUgha ifjfLFkfr;ksa o leL;kvksa dks mfYyf[kr fd;k x;k gSA iz'u% vius ea=kky; esa ,d ofj"B vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs vkidh
oLrqr% jkds'k dh bZekunkjh dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, mls ofj"B igq¡p egÙoiw.kZ uhfrxr fu.kZ;ksa rFkk vkus okyh cM+h
ukxfjdkas ds fy;s ,d LokLF; ns[kHkky ;kstuk ds ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh igpku ?kks"k.kkvksa] tSls lM+d fuekZ.k ifj;kstuk,¡] rd turk ds
djus dk nkf;Ro lkSaik x;k gS vkSj ykHkkFkhZ gksus dh dlkSfV;k¡ Hkh vfèkdkj&{ks=k esa tkus ls igys gks tkrh gSA ea=kky; ,d
crkbZ xbZ gSaA vr% jkds'k dk ;g dÙkZO; o tokcnsgh curh gS fd cM+h lM+d fuekZ.k ;kstuk dh ?kks"k.kk djus okyk gS ftlds
og dlkSfV;ksa ds vuqlkj gh ;kstuk ds ykHkk£Fk;ksa dk p;u djs rFkk fy;s [kkds rS;kj gks pqds gSaA fu;kstdksa us bl ckr dk iwjk
bu dlkSfV;ksa esa o`¼ naifr ekud ^c* dk ikyu ugha djrk gS] bl è;ku j[kk gS fd ljdkjh Hkwfe dk vfèkd&ls&vfèkd mi;ksx
dkj.k og bl ;kstuk dk ykHkkFkhZ ugha gks ldrk gSA ;g Hkh laHko gS fd;k tk, rkfd futh Hkwfe dk de&ls&de vfèkxzg.k
fd vxj bl o`¼ naifr dks bl ;kstuk dk ykHkkFkhZ cuk;k tk,] rks djuk iM+sA futh Hkwfe ds ekfydksa ds fy;s {kfriwfrZ dh njsa
dksbZ vkjf{kr leqnk; dk o`¼ O;fDr bl ;kstuk ls ckgj gks tk, Hkh ljdkjh fu;eksa ds vuqlkj fuèkkZfjr dj yh xbZ gSaA
D;ksafd bl ;kstuk dk okLrfod ykHkkFkhZ vkjf{kr leqnk; gS ftlls fuoZuhdj.k de&ls&de gks bldk Hkh è;ku j[kk x;k gSA
bl ;kstuk dk mís'; gh lekIr gks tk,xkA ,slh vk'kk gS fd ifj;kstuk dh ?kks"k.kk gksrs gh ml {ks=k
ysfdu] vc ;g loky mBrk gS fd o`¼ naifr dsoy ekud vkSj vklikl ds {ks=k dh Hkwfe dh dherksa esa Hkkjh mNky
^c* dk ikyu ugha djrk gS] tcfd vU; lHkh dlkSfV;ksa dk izHkkoh vk,xhA
ikyu djrk gSA pw¡fd] o`¼ naifr ds ikl dksbZ larku Hkh ugha gS tks blh chp] lacafèkr ea=kh us vkils vkxzg fd;k fd lM+d
o`¼ naifr ds bykt dk [kpZ ogu dj ldsA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa eas ;g dk iqu%lajs[k.k bl izdkj fd;k tk, ftlls lM+d ea=kh ds
izHkkoh fodYi gS fd eSa o`¼ naifr dks ;kstuk dk ykHkkFkhZ cukmQ¡ 20 ,dM+ ds iQkeZ gkml ds ikl ls fudysA blds lkFk gh
vkSj bykt ds fy;s foÙkh; enn d:¡A ea=kh us ;g Hkh lq>ko fn;k fd og vkidh iRuh ds uke]
bl fcanq ij Hkh fopkj djuk ”k:jh gS fd ,d fo'ks"kK 'kY; izLrkfor cM+h lM+d ifj;kstuk ds vklikl ,d cM+k Hkw[kaM
fpfdRld Hkh mudh 'kY; fpfdRlk fcuk iQhl ds djus dks rS;kj izpfyr njksa ij tks fd ukeek=k dh gSa] Ø; djus esa lgk;rk
gSA o`¼ O;fDr ds isV esa ckj&ckj rhoz ihM+k gksrh gS ftlls og 'kkjhfjd djsaxsA ea=kh us vkidks ;g Hkh fo'okl fnykus dk iz;kl
Je ugha dj ldrk gSA vr% o`¼ naifr dh 'kY; fpfdRlk i'pkr~ fd;k fd blesa dksbZ uqdlku ugha gS D;ksafd Hkwfe oSèkkfud
og 'kkjhfjd Je djds viuh thou&xq.koÙkk esa lqèkkj ds lkFk gh :i ls [kjhnhtk jgh gSA og vkils ;g Hkh oknk djrk gS
jk"Vª ds fodkl esa viuk egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku ns ldrk gS vkSj ;g o`¼ fd ;fn vkids ikl i;kZIr èkujkf'k ugha gS] rks mldh iwfrZ
naifr cks> u cudj ;ksX; ekuoh; lalkèku esa :ikarfjr gks ldsxkA esa Hkh vkidh lgk;rk djsxkA ysfdu lM+d ds iqu%lajs[k.k
blds vfrfjDr] ;g Li"V gS fd fdlh Hkh izdkj dh foÙkh; esa cgqr&lh Ñf"k&;ksX; Hkwfe dk vfèkxzg.k djuk iM+sxk]
lgk;rk fuf'pr rkSj ij mudh thou dh xq.koÙkk esa dkiQh varj iSnk ftlls ljdkj ij dkiQh foÙkh; Hkkj iM+sxk rFkk fdlku
641
 Hkh foLFkkfir gksaxsA dsoy ;g gh ugha] blds pyrs cgqr de&ls&de gks] bldk è;ku j[kk x;k gS] blh [kkds ds vuqlkj ^cM+h
lkjs isM+ksa dks Hkh dVokuk iM+sxk] ftlls iwjs {ks=k dk gfjr lM+d fuekZ.k ;kstuk* dh fn'kk esa dk;Z djus dk iz;kl d:¡xkA gks
vkoj.k lekIr gks tk,xkA bl ifjfLFkfr dk lkeuk gksus ldrk gS fd ea=kh }kjk izLrko dks vLohdkj djus ds i'pkr~ esjs
ij vki D;k djsaxs\ fofHkUu izdkj ds fgr&}U}ksa dk lkeus fofHkUu izdkj dh pqukSfr;k¡ mRiUu gks ldrh gSa] tSls& esjs
lekykspukRed ijh{k.k dhft;s rFkk Li"V dhft;s fd ,d ifjokj ij lqj{kk dk ladV ,oa ehfM;k] vke tuekul eas esjh Nfo
yks d ls o d gks u s ds ukrs vkids D;k nkf;Ro gS a A dks [kjkc djuk_ ysfdu eSa bu lHkh leL;kvksa dk leqfpr lekèkku
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
djus dk iz;kl d:¡xkA mi;qZDr izdj.k eas fofHkUu izdkj ds fgr }a}
As a senior officer in the Ministry, you have access to fuEufyf[kr gSa&
important policy decisions and upcoming big O;fDrxr fgr
announcements such as road construction projects
cuke
before they are notified in the public domain. The
Ministry is about to announce a mega road project for vius dÙkZO;ksa dk leqfpr fuogZu
which the drawings are already in place. Sufficient care lR;fu"Bk] tokcnsfgrk] ikjnf'kZrk tSls ewY;kas dk ikyu
was taken by the planners to make use of the government cuke
land with minimum land acquisition from private vius ifjokj dh lq[k&lqfoèkkvkas esa o`f¼ djuk
parties. Compensation rate for private parties was also lekt ds izfr viuh f”kEesnkfj;ksa dks fuHkkuk cuke
finalized as per government rules. Care was also taken
to minimize deforestation. Once the project is announce,
^Lofgr* o Hkz"Vkpkj dks egÙo nsukA
it is expected that there will be a huge spurt in real estate igys fgr }a} esa ea=kh ds izLrko dks Lohdkj djus ij ea=kh dk
prices in and around that area. esjs izfr Hkjkslk c<+sxk vkSj Hkfo"; esa mlls vU; izdkj dh Hkh enn
Meanwhile, the Minister concerned insists that you ys ldrk gwA¡ ysfdu blls eSa in dh 'kiFk ds vuq:i vFkkZr~ dÙkZO;fu"Bk
realign the road in such a way that it comes closer to
ls dk;Z ugha dj ldw¡xk] tks ,d yksd lsod ds nkf;Ro ds foijhr gSA
his 20 acres farm house. He also suggests that he would
facilitate purchase of a big plot of land in your wife's nwljs fgr }a} esa ,d yksd lsod gksus ds ukrs eq>s lR;fu"Bk]
name at the prevailing rate which is very nominal, in tokcnsfgrk] ikjnf'kZrk tSls ewY;ksa dk ikyu djuk pkfg;s D;kasfd ;g
and around the proposed mega road project. He also esjh ^uSfrd lafgrk* esa mfYyf[kr gSA nwljh rjiQ vxj eSa bl le>kSrs esa
tries to convince you by saying that there is no harm in
'kkfey gks tkmQ¡ rks blls esjh iRuh dks izLrkfor cM+h lM+d ifj;kstuk
it as he is buying the land legally. He even promises to
supplement your savings in case you do not have ds vklikl Hkw[kaM dks Ø; djus esa ea=kh esjh lgk;rk djsxk_ bl
sufficient funds to buy the land. However, by the act of Hkw[kaM dh dher vfèkd gS ftls eSa vius osru ls izkIr ugha dj ldrk
realignment, a lot of agricultural land has to be gw¡A vr% bl le>kSrs ls esjs ifjokj dh lq[k&lqfoèkkvksa eas o`f¼ gksxhA
acquired, thereby causing considerable financial burden
on the government, and also displacement of the
rhljs fgr }a} esa ,d O;fDr o vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs lekt ds izfr
farmers. As if this is not enough, it will involve cutting viuh f”kEesnkfj;ksa dks fuHkkuk esjk dÙkZO; gSA rks ogha ea=kh ds izLrko dks
down of a large number of trees, denuding the area of Lohdkj djds eSa Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekè;e ls ^Lofgr* dks egÙo ns ldrk gw¡
its green cover. vkSj ea=kh dk lg;ksx gksus ds dkj.k esjk uke Hkh mtkxj gksus dh laHkkouk de
Faced with this situation, what will you do? Critically gSA ysfdu ;g dk;Z esjh vkpkj lafgrk ,oa lkekftd fgr ds foijhr gSA
examine various conflicts of interest and explain what
are your responsibilities as a public servant. ,d yksd lsod gksus ds ukrs esjs fuEufyf[kr nkf;Ro gSa&
z ljdkjh ;kstukvkas dk izHkkoh fØ;kUo;u djus dk iz;kl d:¡
mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k eas ,d ofj"B vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs esjh
dÙkZO;fu"Brk] tokcnsfgrk] ikjnf'kZrk rFkk lR;fu"Bk tSls ewY;ksa dk ftlls lgh ykHkkfFkZ;ksa rd lalkèkuksa dh igq¡p lqfuf'pr gks ldsA
ijh{k.k gSA ofj"B vfèkdkjh gksus ds dkj.k eq>s ea=kky; ds egÙoiw.kZ z ljdkj ds foÙk dk vuko';d nq#i;ksx u gks] D;ksfa d ;g turk dk

uhfrxr fu.kZ;ksa dh tkudkjh igys gks tkrh gS] vr% bldk mi;ksx eSa èku gS ftldk leqfpr ,oa ns'k ds fodkl esa gh mi;ksx gksuk pkfg;sA
vius O;fDrxr fgr eas dj ldrk gw¡A z vius O;fDrxr fgrksa ds mQij lkoZtfud fgrksa dks ojh;rk nw¡A

ysfdu bl izdkj dh ifjfLFkfr dk lkeuk gksus ij eSa vius z flfoy lsod dks vkpkj lafgrk o uSfrd lafgrk dk ikyu djrs
O;fDrxr fgrksa ij lkoZtfud fgrksa dks ojh;rk nw¡xk vkSj ea=kh }kjk gq, lafoèkku ds lqlaxr dk;Z djus dk iz;kl djuk pkfg;sA
fn;s tk jgs fofHkUu izLrkoksa dks vLohdkj djus dk iz;kl d:¡xkA z yksd lsod dks foLFkkiu ,oa leqfpr iquokZl ds lkFk gh gfjr
blds vykok] igys ftl izdkj lM+d dk [kkdk rS;kj fd;k x;k gS] okrkoj.k dks Hkh egÙo nsuk pkfg;s vFkkZr~ i;kZoj.k&ekuo
ftlesa futh Hkwfe dk vfèkxzg.k de&ls&de gksus ds lkFk gh fuoZuhdj.k lg&vfLrRo fodkl ij cy nsuk pkfg;sA

642
 fu"d"kZr% ofj"B vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs ea=kh dh ckr dks vLohdkj uohu mikxeksa dks viukus ls igys eSa f”kys dh voSèk 'kjkc ls
d:¡xk] tks fd esjs dÙkZO; ds vuqdwy gksus ds lkFk gh lkekftd fgr tqM+h lHkh leL;kvksa dks tkuus dk iz;kl d:¡xk tks fuEufyf[kr gSa&
esa gksxkA z f”kyk voSèk 'kjkc fuekZ.k gsrq dq[;kr gSA
iz'u% ;g ,d jkT; gS ftlesa 'kjkccanh ykxw gSA vHkh&vHkh z voSèk 'kjkc ds lsou ls dbZ ekSrsa gksrh gSa rFkk lcdh fjiksfV±x
vkidks bl jkT; ds ,d ,sls f”kys esa iqfyl vèkh{kd Hkh ugha gks ikrhA
fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS tks voSèk 'kjkc cukus ds fy;s dq[;kr z bl leL;k dk izHkkoh lekèkku dkuwu O;oLFkk ds mikxe ij
gSA voSèk 'kjkc ls cgqr ekSrsa gks tkrh gSa] dqN fjiksVZ dh dke djds ugha gks ik jgk gSA
tkrh gSa vkSj dqN ugha] ftlls f”kyk vfèkdkfj;ksa dks cM+h f”kys esa tc mi;qZDr leL;kvkas ds ewy esa fo|eku dkj.kksa ij
leL;k gksrh gSA xkSj fd;k x;k rks blds ihNs izeq[k dkj.k fuEufyf[kr jgs&
vHkh rd bls dkuwu vkSj O;oLFkk dh leL;k ds n`f"Vdks.k z f”kys dk vkfFkZd] 'kSf{kd ,oa vkS|ksfxd n`f"V ls fiNM+kiuA
ls ns[kk tkrk jgk gS vkSj mlh rjg bldk lkeuk fd;k z flapkbZ O;oLFkk dh deh ds dkj.k Ñf"k dk fiNM+kiuA
tkrk jgk gSA Nkis] fxjÝrkfj;k¡] iqfyl ds eqdnes]
z lkeqnkf;d VdjkoA
vkijkfèkd eqdnesµbu lHkh dk dsoy lhfer izHkko jgk
z ljdkjh o xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa dk mnklhu iz;kl ftlls yksxksa
gSA leL;k ges'kk dh rjg vHkh Hkh xaHkhj cuh gqbZ gSA
dk lgh fodkl gh ugha gks ik;kA
vkids fujh{k.kksa ls irk pyrk gS fd f”kys ds ftu {ks=kksa
bu dkj.kksa ds lekèkku gsrq eSa fuEufyf[kr uohu mikxeksa ij dk;Z
esa 'kjkc cukus dk dk;Z iQy&iwQy jgk gS] os vkfFkZd]
d:¡xk&
vkS|ksfxd rFkk 'kS{kf.kd :i ls fiNM+s gSaA vi;kZIr flapkbZ
z loZizFke f”kys esa fo|eku vkfFkZd laHkkoukvksa dk irk yxkmQ¡xk
lqfoèkkvksa dk Ñf"k ij cqjk izHkko iM+rk gSA fofHkUu leqnk;ksa
esa ckj&ckj gksus okys Vdjko voSèk 'kjkc fuekZ.k dks c<+kok rFkk f”kyk iz'kklu ds lkFk feydj f”kys dh f'k{kk O;oLFkk esa
nsrs gSaA vrhr esa yksxksa ds gkykr esa lqèkkj ykus ds fy;s u vkewypwy ifjorZu ykmQ¡xkA
rks ljdkj ds }kjk vkSj u gh lkekftd laxBuksa ds }kjk z ljdkj dh dY;k.kdkjh ,oa fodklijd ;kstukvksa] tSls dkS'ky

dksbZ egÙoiw.kZ igysa dh xbZ gSaA fodkl ;kstuk] mLrkn ;kstuk] izèkkuea=kh Ñf"k flapkbZ ;kstuk vkfn
leL;k dks fu;af=kr djus ds fy;s vki dkSu&lk u;k mikxe dk izHkkoh fØ;kUo;u lqfuf'pr d:¡xkA ftlls yksxksa eas dkS'ky
viuk,axs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
fodkl dks c<+kok nsdj NksVs ,oa LFkkuh; jks”kxkj voljksa dk
It is a State where prohibition is in force. You are fodkl fd;k tk ldsA lkFk gh Ñf"k gsrq flapkbZ dh leL;k dk
recently appointed as the Superintendent of Police of a fujkdj.k fd;k tk ldsA
district notorious for illicit distillation of liquor. The z vkS|ksfxd fiNM+kiu nwj djus ds fy;s jkT; ljdkj ls okÙkkZ djds
illicit liquor leads to many deaths, reported and bl f”kys esa m|ksxksa dks vkdf"kZr djus gsrq nh?kZdkfyd iz;klksa dks
unreported, and causes a major problem for the district
authorities. izHkkoh cuk;k tk ldrk gSA
The approach till now had been to view it as a law and z {ks=k eas Ñf"k ,oa mlls lac¼ jks”kxkj voljkas dks fofoèkhÑr djus
order problem and tackle it accordingly. Raids, arrests, dk iz;kl d:¡xk] tSls eèkqeD[khikyu] i'kqikyu] eRL;ikyu
police cases, criminal trials – all these had only limited vkfnA lkFk gh] Ñf"k dh ,slh i¼fr;ksa dks viukus gsrq yksxksa eas
impact. The problem remains as serious as ever.
tkx:drk ykus dk iz;kl d:¡xk tks ykxr izHkkoh ,oa i;kZoj.k
Your inspections show that the parts of the district where
the distillation flourishes are economically, industrially
ds vuqdwy Hkh gksaA tSls tSfod [ksrh dh fn'kk esa iz;kl djuk]
and educationally backward. Agriculture is badly ”khjks ctV Ñf"k dk fodkl djuk& ftlls ty dh U;wure
affected by poor irrigation facilities. Frequent clashes vko';drk gks& rFkk flapkbZ dh uohu fofèk;ksa dk izlkj djukA
among communities gave boost to illicit distillation. No z rkRdkfyd rkSj ij bl leL;k ds lekèkku gsrq voSèk 'kjkc dh
major initiatives had taken place in the past either from
the government's side or from social organizations to
fcØh ,oa vkiwfrZ izfØ;k dks jksduk gksxkA blds fy;s vkcdkjh
improve the lot of the people. ,oa iqfyl foHkkx ds iz;ksx ls vkSpd tk¡p rFkk isVªksfyax dks
Which new approach will you adopt to bring the c<+k;k tk,xkA lkFk gh flfoy lkslk;Vh] lkekftd lewg ds
problem under control? laxBu rFkk ehfM;k dk lgkjk ysdj yksxksa dks tkx:d fd;k
mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k eas ,d iqfyl vèkh{kd ds :i esa eq>s tk,xk D;kasfd 'kjkccanh ykxw gS fiQj Hkh 'kjkc dk iz;ksx gks jgk
f”kys esa voSèk 'kjkc fuekZ.k rFkk blds ihNs fo|eku dkj.kksa dks lekIr gS tks f”kys esa u'ks dh leL;k dh vksj ladsr djrk gSA vr%
djus gsrq uohu mikxeksa dks viukus ij è;ku nsuk gksxkA ^u'kkeqfDr* ,oa ^'kjkceqfDr* gsrq iz'kklfud ,oa lkekftd Lrj
643
 ij xaHkhj iz;kl d:¡xkA bl dk;Z eas xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa ds ekè;e bl eqís dks laHkkyus ds mÙkjnkf;Ro lkSais x, ,d ofj"B
ls iz;klkas dk xguhdj.k fd;k tk ldsxkA lkFk gh u'kkeqfDr dasnz vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs] vki bl mÙkjnkf;Ro dk fuoZgu
Hkh [kqyokus dk iz;kl d:¡xkA fdl izdkj djsaxs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z f”kys esa lkeqnkf;d Vdjko ds ewy esa fo|eku lkekftd] vkfFkZd A big corporate house is engaged in manufacturing
,oa jktuhfrd dkjdksa dh igpku dj LFkkuh; jktuhfrd usr`Ro industrial chemicals on a large scale. It proposes to set
up an additional unit. Many States rejected its proposal
ds lg;ksx ls lekèkku dk iz;kl d:¡xk rFkk lkeqnkf;d fodkl
due to detrimental effect on the environment. But one
dh izfØ;k dks vkxs c<+kmQ¡xkA State government acceded to the request and permitted
z pw¡fd] bl leL;k dk ,d i{k dkuwu ,oa O;oLFkk ls tqM+rk gS the unit close to a city, brushing aside all opposition.
vr% vjktd rÙoksa ,oa voSèk 'kjkc fuekZrkvksa ds f[kykiQ l[r The unit was set up 10 years ago and was in full swing
dkjZokbZ dh tk,xhA lkFk gh] blls lacafèkr ekSrkas dh iw.kZ fjiksfV±x till recently. The pollution caused by the industrial
gsrq iqfyl dks fo'ks"k funsZ'k nw¡xkA effluents was affecting the land, water and crops in the
area. It was also causing serious health problems to
bl izdkj voSèk 'kjkc ds fuekZ.k ,oa fcØh ls tqM+h leL;k dks
human beings and animals. This gave rise to a series of
fliZQ dkuwu ,oa iz'kklu ds iz;kl ls lekIr ugha fd;k tk ldrk agitations demanding the closure of the plant. In a recent
cfYd blds fy;s LFkkuh; yksxksa dks Hkh lkFk esa ysuk gksxk vkSj ;s agitation thousands of people took part, creating a law
yksx rHkh lkFk vk,axs tc budks fodkl dh izfØ;k esa lk>hnkj cuk;k and order problem necessitating stern police action.
tk,xkA blds vykok u'kko`fÙk ds izfr yksxksa esa tkx:drk dks e”kcwr Following the public outcry, the State government
djuk gksxkA bl fn'kk eas rkRdkfyd o nh?kZdkfyd nksukas Lrjksa ij ordered the closure of the factory.
iz;kl djus gksaxs] u'kkeqfDr dsanzksa rFkk jks”kxkj dsanzksa dh la[;k c<+kuh The closure of the factory resulted in the unemployment
of not only those workers who were engaged in the
gksxhA f”kys ds lHkh ljdkjh foHkkxksa] tSls LokLF;] f'k{kk] fodkl ,oa
factory but also those who were working in the ancillary
iqfyl vkfn dks bl leL;k ls yM+us gsrq lkewfgd iz;kl djuk gksxkA units. It also very badly affected those industries which
iz'u% ,d cM+k vkS|ksfxd ifjokj cM+s iSekus ij vkS|ksfxd jlk;uksa depended on the chemicals manufactured by it.
ds mRiknu esa layXu gSA ;g ifjokj ,d vfrfjDr bdkbZ As a senior officer entrusted with the responsibility of
LFkkfir djuk pkgrk gSA i;kZoj.k ij nq"izHkko ds dkj.k handling this issue, how are you going to address it?
vusd jkT;ksa us blds izLrko dks vLohdkj dj fn;kA ¯drq mÙkj% mi;qZDr izdj.k eas eqís dks laHkkyus ds mÙkjnkf;Ro lkSais
,d jkT; ljdkj us] lkjs fojksèk dks njfdukj djrs gq,] x, ,d ofj"B vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs] leqfpr mÙkjnkf;Ro fuoZgu ds
vkS|ksfxd ifjokj dh izkFkZuk dks Lohdkj dj fy;k vkSj iwoZ fofHkUu izdkj dh leL;k,¡ u”kj vkrh gSa] tSls&
,d uxj ds lehi bdkbZ LFkkfir djus dh LohÑfr iznku z i;kZoj.k cuke vkfFkZd fodkl eas fdls egÙo fn;k tk,A
dj nhA
z iSQDVjh dks can djus ds i'pkr~ mlesa dk;Z djus okys Jfedkas
bdkbZ dks 10 o"kZ iwoZ LFkkfir dj fn;k Fkk vkSj vHkh rd ,oa lgk;d bdkb;ksa ds dkexkj Hkh csjks”kxkj gks x, gSaA vr%
cgqr lqpk# :i ls py jgh FkhA vkS|ksfxd cfg%lzkoksa ls
buds jks”kxkj dk izcaèku djukA
iSnk gq, iznw"k.k ls {ks=k esa Hkwfe] ty vkSj iQlyksa ij
z ;fn iSQDVjh dks izkjaHk fd;k tkrk gS rks bl {ks=k eas c<+rh gqbZ
nq"izHkko iM+ jgk FkkA blls euq";ksa rFkk i'kqvksa esa xaHkhj
LokLF; lacaèkh leL;k,¡ Hkh vk jgh FkhaA ifj.kkeLo:i] iznw"k.k dh leL;k dks fdl izdkj jksdk tk,A
bdkbZ dks can djus dh ekax dks ysdj Ük`a[kykc¼ vkanksyu z iSQDVjh can djus ds i'pkr~ jkT; dh vkfFkZd xfrfofèk;ksa ,oa
gksus yxsA vHkh&vHkh ,d vkanksyu esa g”kkjksa yksxksa us Hkkx fodkl ij izfrdwy izHkko iM+ ldrk gS D;ksafd vU; m|ksx bl
fy;k ftlls iSnk gqbZ xaHkhj dkuwu vkSj O;oLFkk dh leL;k bdkbZ }kjk mRikfnr jlk;ukas ij fuHkZj FksA
ls fuiVus ds fy;s iqfyl dks l[r dne ysus iM+sA tukØks'k mi;qZDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa eas mÙkjnkf;Ro ds fuèkkZj.k dk ,d fodYi
ds i'pkr~ jkT; ljdkj us iSQDVjh dks can djus dk vkns'k ;g gS fd bl vkS|ksfxd jlk;u m|ksx dks vU;=k LFkkukarfjr dj fn;k
ns fn;kA tk,_ pw¡fd ;g m|ksx uxj ds lehi fLFkr gS ftlds dkj.k mRiUu
iSQDVjh ds can gksus ds ifj.kkeLo:i u dsoy ogk¡ dke iznw"k.k ls O;fDr;ksa o i'kqvksa ds LokLF; ij izfrdwy izHkko iM+ jgk
djus okys Jfed gh csjks”kxkj gq, vfirq lgk;d bdkb;ksa gSA bl fodYi dks viukus ls vkanksyu Hkh de gks tk,xk vkSj dkexkj
ds dkexkj Hkh csjks”kxkj gks x,A blls mu m|ksxksa ij Hkh Hkh csjks”kxkj ugha gksaxsA ysfdu iSQDVªh dks vU;=k LFkkukarfjr djus ls
cqjk izHkko iM+k tks ml bdkbZ }kjk mRikfnr jlk;uksa ij ml {ks=k esa Hkh iznw"k.k lacafèkr leL;k,¡ mRiUu gks ldrh gSa vkSj
fuHkZj FksA vkanksyu dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ mRiUu gks ldrh gSaA

644
 iSQDVªjh dks iqu% izkjaHk djus ls vkS|ksfxd xfrfofèk;k¡ lapkfyr ysfdu muds dj Hkqxrku esa dqN vkSj Hkh [kkfe;k¡ gSa tks
gksus ds lkFk gh ogk¡ dke djus okys ,oa lgk;d bdkb;ksa ds dkexkj iw.kZ :i ls rduhdh gSaA ;fn vfHkdj.k }kjk bu rduhdh
Hkh csjks”kxkj ugha gksaxsA bl izdkj ds vkanksyu dks ”;knk rjthg ugha [kkfe;ksa dk ihNk fd;k tkrk gS] rks MkWDVj dk cgqr lkjk
nsus dh vko';drk gS D;ksafd vkt dk nkSj fodkl dk gS vkSj i;kZoj.k le; vkSj mldh ÅtkZ dqN ,sls eqíksa dh rjiQ eqM+ tk,xh
dks FkksM+h ek=kk esa {kfr igq¡pkbZ tk ldrh gSA ysfdu] fopkj.kh; fcanq tks u rks cgqr xaHkhj gSa] u gh vR;ko';d vkSj u gh dj
gS fd iSQDVªjh ds lapkfyr gksus ls bl {ks=k esa iznw"k.k dh leL;k Hkqxrku djkus esa lgk;d gSaA blds vfrfjDr] iwjh laHkkouk
yxkrkj c<+rh tk jgh gS vkSj fuokfl;ksa esa LokLF; lacaèkh leL;k,¡ gS fd blds dkj.k vLirky ds [kksys tkus dh izfØ;k Hkh
lkeus vk jgh gSa] vr% bl izdkj ds fodkl dks izksRlkgu ugha fn;k ckfèkr gksxhA
tk ldrk gSA vkids le{k nks fodYi gSa%
mi;qZDr izdj.k eas ;g iz;kl Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gS fd bl (i) O;kid n`f"Vdks.k j[krs gq,] vfèkdkfèkd dj Hkqxrku
jlk;u m|ksx ds iznw"k.k dks de djus ds fy;s bl vkS|ksfxd dkj[kkus vuq i kyu lq f uf'pr djs a vkS j ,s l h dfe;ks a dks
dks 'kgj ls nwj LFkkfir djus ds lkFk gh vkS|ksfxd ifjokj }kjk mfpr u”kjvank”k djsa tks dsoy rduhdh izÑfr dh gksaA
,oa csgrj rduhd dk mi;ksx djus dk iz;kl fd;k tk,] ftlls (ii) ekeys dks l[rh ls ns[ksa vkSj lHkh igyqvksa ij vkxs
iznw"k.k dh leL;k dks de fd;k tk ldsA lkFk gh] ;gk¡ ds fuokfl;kas c<+sa] pkgs os xaHkhj gksa ;k dsoy rduhdhA
ls okÙkkZyki ds ekè;e ls bl leL;k dk lekèkku [kkstus dk iz;kl dj vfHkdj.k ds izeq[k gksus ds ukrs] vki dkSu&ls dk;Z
fd;k tk, D;kasfd daiuh ds ^dkWjiksjsV lkekftd mÙkjnkf;Ro* ds fn'kk dk fodYi viuk,axs vkSj D;ksa\
varxZr ;g mÙkjnkf;Ro curk gS fd og vius vklikl i;kZoj.k dh  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
j{kk djs vkSj ogk¡ jgus okys fuokfl;kas ds thou&;kiu esa dksbZ O;oèkku Dr. 'X' is a leading medical practitioner in a city. He has
set up a charitable trust through which he plans to
u mRiUu djsA establish a super-speciality hospital in the city to cater
vxj mi;qZDr iz;klksa ds ckotwn leL;k dk lekèkku ugha gksrk to the medical needs of all sections of the society.
gS rks jkT; ljdkj us iSQDVjh dks can djus dk tks vkns'k fn;k gS] Incidentally, that part of the State had been neglected
over the years. The proposed hospital would be a boon
mlh fn'kk esa fu.kZ; ysus dk iz;kl d:¡xkA oLrqr% vR;fèkd tukozQks'k for the region.
ds i'pkr~ fdlh Hkh {ks=k esa leqfpr rjhds ls vkS|ksfxd xfrfofèk;k¡ You are heading the tax investigation agency of that
lapkfyr ugha dh tk ldrh gSaA lkFk gh] bl iSQDVjh ds lapkfyr gksus region. During an inspection of the doctor's clinic, your
ds dkj.k ekuo ,oa i'kqvksa esa LokLF; lacaèkh leL;k,¡ mRiUu gks jgh officers have found out some major irregularities. A few
of them are substantial which had resulted in
gSa ftlls ekuoh; lalkèku dk ßkl gks jgk gSA iSQDVjh can gksus ds
considerable withholding of tax that should be paid by
ifj.kkeLo:i ;gk¡ ds ,oa lgk;d bdkb;ksa ds dkexkjksa dks vU; him now. The doctor is cooperative. He undertakes to
iSQDVjh esa dk;Z djus ds fy;s Hkstk tk ldrk gS vkSj mUgsa dkS'ky pay the tax immediately.
izf'k{k.k nsus dk iz;kl fd;k tk ldrk gSA lkFk gh] i;kZoj.k ds fouk'k However, there are certain other deficiencies in his tax
ij fdlh Hkh vk£Fkd fodkl dks c<+kok ugha fn;k tk ldrk gSA compliance which are purely technical in nature. If these
technical defaults are pursued by the agency,
iz'u% MkW- ^,Dl* 'kgj ds ,d izfrf"Br fpfdRld gSaA mUgksaus ,d considerable time and energy of the doctor will be
èkekZFkZ U;kl LFkkfir dj fy;k gS ftlds ekè;e ls lekt diverted to issues which are not so serious, urgent or
ds lHkh oxks± dh LokLF; lacaèkh vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ ds even helpful to the tax collection process. Further, in all
probability, it will hamper the prospects of the hospital
fy;s] os ,d mPp&fo'ks"kKrk vLirky LFkkfir djuk pkgrs coming up.
gSaA la;ksx ls] jkT; ds ml {ks=k dh o"kks± ls mis{kk jgh gSA There are two options before you:
izLrkfor vLirky ml {ks=k ds fy;s ,d ojnku lkfcr (i) Taking a broader view, ensure substantial tax
gksxkA compliance and ignore defaults that are merely
technical in nature.
vki ml {ks=k dh dj vUos"k.k bdkbZ ds izeq[k gSaA MkWDVj
(ii) Pursue the matter strictly and proceed on all fronts,
ds Dyhfud ds fujh{k.k ds nkSjku vkids vfèkdkfj;ksa dks whether substantial or merely technical.
dqN cM+h vfu;ferrk,¡ Kkr gqbZ gSaA muesa ls dqN xaHkhj gSa As the head of the tax agency, which course of action
ftuds dkj.k cM+h ek=kk esa djksa ls izkI; èkujkf'k #dh jgh] will you opt for and why?
ftldk Hkqxrku MkWDVj dks vc djuk pkfg;sA MkWDVj mÙkj% iz'uksfYyf[kr izdj.k eas MkW- ,Dl }kjk LFkkfir fd;s tk
lg;ksx ds fy;s rS;kj gSA os rqjar dj dh jkf'k dks vnk jgs mPp&fo'ks"kKrk ;qDr vLirky dh {ks=k dks o"kks± ls vko';drk
djus dk ok;nk djrs gSaA gS] fdarq MkW- ,Dl ij dj ls tqM+h dqN vfu;ferrk,¡ fo|eku gSaA
645
,slh ifjfLFkfr esa dj vUos"k.k bdkbZ ds izeq[k ds :i esa esjk nkf;Ro LuksMu ds vuqlkj] ljdkj }kjk futrk ds mYya?ku dks
curk gS fd eSa bu vfu;ferrkvksa dks lekIr d:¡A lkFk gh] jkT; ds oSèkkfudrk dh ijokg fd;s fcuk mldks m”kkxj djuk
yksdfgr ,oa dY;k.k ls tqM+s fo"k;ksa dks Hkh fuckZèk :i ls pyus nw¡A pkfg;s D;ksafd blesa lkekftd fØ;k rFkk lkoZtfud
dj vUos"k.k bdkbZ ds izeq[k ds :i esa ;fn eSa iz'u esa fn;s x, uSfrdrk ds vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ eqís 'kkfey gSaA vusd O;fDr
fodYi (i) dks viukrk gw¡ rks blls& LuksMu ls lger FksA dsoy dqN us ;g rdZ fn;s fd LuksMu
z {ks=k ds yksxksa dk O;kid fgr lqfuf'pr gksxk rFkk vLirky fuekZ.k us dkuwu rksM+k gS vkSj jk"Vªh; lqj{kk ds lkFk le>kSrk fd;k
dh izfØ;k fuckZèk py ldsxhA gS] ftlds fy;s mls tokcnsg Bgjk;k tkuk pkfg;sA
z bl lanHkZ esa jkT; dks dksbZ dj gkfu Hkh ugha mBkuh iM+ jgh gS] D;k vki blls lger gSa fd LuksMu dk dk;Z dkuwuh :i
lkFk gh MkWDVj ,Dl visf{kr lg;ksx Hkh bl lanHkZ esa dj jgs gSaA ls izfrcafèkr gksrs gq, Hkh uSfrdrk dh n`f"V ls mfpr Fkk\
z O;kid n`f"Vdks.k vkèkkfjr izFke fodYi dks viukus ij MkWDVj D;ksa ;k D;ksa ugha\ bl fo"k; esa ijLij LièkhZ ewY;ksa dks
dk le; o mQtkZ rks cp gh jgk gS ftls og vLirky fuekZ.k rksyrs gq, viuk rdZ nhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
Edward Snowden, a computer expert and former CIA
ij [kpZ dj ldrk gS] lkFk gh dj vfHkdj.kksa ij vktdy ^VSDl
systems administrator, released confidential Government
Vsjfj”e* ds yxus okys vkjksiksa ls Hkh vius foHkkx dks cpk;k tk documents to the press about the existence of
ldrk gSA Government surveillance programmes. According to
z izFke fodYi ^VSDl izsaQMyh* iz'kkldh; izfØ;k dks Hkh iksf"kr many legal experts and the US Government, his actions
violated the Espionage Act of 1917, which identified the
dj jgk gSA
leak of State secrets as an act of treason. Yet, despite the
;|fi izFke fodYi dh lhek ;g gS fd blesa rduhdh [kkfe;ksa fact that he broke the law, Snowden argued that he had
dh mis{kk dh tk jgh gS] blh ds lekèkku gsrq iz'u esa fodYi (ii) a moral obligation to act. He gave a justification for his
fn;k x;k gSA fdarq] è;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd ;s rduhdh [kkfe;k¡ u “whistle blowing” by stating that he had a duty “to
inform the public as to that which is done in their name
rks cgqr xaHkhj gSa] u gh vfr vko';d gSa vkSj u gh dj Hkqxrku dh and that which is done against them.” According to
izfØ;k esa mi;ksxhA blfy;s bu rduhdh [kkfe;ksa ij dsafnzr fodYi Snowden, the Government's violation of privacy had to
(ii) dks viukuk mfpr ugha gksxk D;kasfd blls yksddY;k.k rFkk dj be exposed regardless of legality since more substantive
Hkqxrku dh izfØ;k ckfèkr gksxhA lkFk gh] dj vfHkdj.k ij VSDl issues of social action and public morality were involved
here. Many agreed with Snowden. Few argued that he
Vsjfj”e tSls vk{ksi Hkh yxsaxsA
broke the law and compromised national security, for
vr% dj vfHkdj.k ds izeq[k ds :i esa vius nkf;Ro fuoZgu which he should be held accountable.
dh izfØ;k esa eSa fodYi (i) dh dk;Zn'kk dk p;u d:¡xkA bl fodYi Do you agree that Snowden's actions were ethically
ds ekè;e ls eSa vius in ds dÙkZO;ksa dks Hkh iwjk dj ldw¡xk vkSj lekt justified even if legally prohibited? Why or why not?
Make an argument by weighing the competing values
ds fgr esa Hkh viuk lg;ksx nsdj lkekftd fgr dks iwjk dj ldw¡xkA
in this case.
iz'u% ,MoMZ LuksMu] ,d daI;wVj fo'ks"kK rFkk lh-vkbZ-,- ds
mÙkj% bl lanHkZ eas loZiFz ke ^fOgly Cyksbxa * dks tkuuk vko';d
iwoZ O;oLFkk iz'kkld] us ljdkj ds fuxjkuh dk;ZØeksa ds
gSA ^fOgly Cyksbxa * ,d ,slh izfØ;k gS ftlesa laLFkku ds Hkhrj dk;Zjr
vfLrRo ds ckjs esa xksiuh; ljdkjh nLrkos”kksa dk [kqyklk
O;fDr }kjk laLFkku esa O;kIr dnkpkj dk ^lkoZtfud :i* ls [kqyklk
izsl dks dj fn;kA vusd fofèk fo'ks"kKksa vkSj vesfjdh
fd;k tkrk gSA lkekU;r;k laLFkku ds deZpkjh }kjk ,slk rc fd;k tkrk
ljdkj ds vuqlkj] mlds bl dk;Z ls xqIrp;kZ vfèkfu;e]
gS tc og laLFkku ds Hkhrj leL;k dk funku djus esa vliQy gks tkrk
1917 dk mYya?ku gqvk gS] ftlds varxZr jkT; xqIr ckrksa
gSA blls deZpkjh Lo;a dks O;fDrxr ladV esa Hkh Mky ysrk gSA bl
dk lkoZtuhdj.k jktæksg ekuk tkrk gSA blds ckotwn fd
izdj.k eas ;fn Li¼hZ ewY;kas ij fopkj fd;k tk, rks ;s fuEufyf[kr gS&a
LuksMu us dkuwu rksM+k Fkk] mlus rdZ fn;k fd ,slk djuk
z laLFkk (lh-vkbZ-,-) dh HkykbZ rFkk turk dh HkykbZ ds chp
mldk ,d uSfrd nkf;Ro FkkA mlus viuh ¶tkudkjh
lkoZtfud djus dks (fOgly Cyksbax)¸ ;g dg dj mfpr lkeatL; cSBkus dh nqfoèkk gSA
Bgjk;k fd ¶turk dks ;g lwpuk nsuk fd mlds uke ij z laLFkk ds dkuwu rFkk lkoZtfud uSfrdrk dk }a} gSA

D;k fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mlds fo#¼ D;k fd;k tkrk gS¸] z bleas lh-vkbZ-,- dh fo'oluh;rk ,oa xksiuh;rk rFkk vke turk
crkuk mldk dÙkZO; gSA dh futrk tSls ewY;ksa esa Li¼kZ gSA

646
 z bl izdj.k eas ,d vksj lekt ds izfr ukxfjd mÙkjnkf;Ro] fo|eku gSaA lkFk gh] ,d vkèkqfud jk"Vª esa lkoZtfud futrk] ukxfjd
ijksidkfjrk] bZekunkjh] uSfrd izfrc¼rk tSls ewY; fo|eku gSa rks lqj{kk rFkk ikjnf'kZrkiw.kZ O;oLFkk dks fodflr fd;s fcuk jk"Vªh; lqj{kk
ogha nwljh rjiQ laLFkku ds dk;Z eas ikjnf'kZrk] LoPNrk] dnkpkj dks lqfuf'pr ugha dj ldrsA vr% ukxfjd mÙkjnkf;Ro o fu%LokFkZ
ls eqfDr fnykus dk iz'kkldh; mÙkjnkf;Ro Hkh fo|eku gSA lkoZtfud fgr dh n`f"V ls LuksMu dk dk;Z uSfrd gSA laHkor% ;gh
z blesa lkekftd lqj{kk ,oa O;fDrxr lqj{kk ds lkFk&lkFk jk"Vªh; dkj.k gS fd ^vusd O;fDr LuksMu ls lger FksA*
lqj{kk tSls Li¼hZ ewY; fo|eku gSaA
2017
ewY;ksa ds chp mijksDr }a} ds vkyksd eas LuksMu ds dk;Z dks
uSfrd n`f"V ls mfpr Hkh dgk tk ldrk gS rFkk vuqfpr HkhA iz'u% vki ,d bZekUknkj vkSj f”kEesnkj flfoy lsod gSaA vki
loZizFke] mu rdks± dks ns[krs gSa ftuds dkj.k LuksMu dk dk;Z izk;% fuEufyf[kr dks izsf{kr djrs gSa&
mfpr gS& (a) ,d lkekU; èkkj.kk gS fd uSfrd vkpj.k dk ikyu
z LuksMu dk dk;Z lkoZtfud fgr rFkk ukxfjd mÙkjnkf;Ro dh djus ls Lo;a dks Hkh dfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk
n`f"V ls mfpr gS D;kasfd lh-vkbZ-,- ,oa ljdkj ds fuxjkuh gS vkSj ifjokj ds fy;s Hkh leL;k,¡ iSnk gks ldrh gSa]
dk;ZØekas ls turk dh futrk ij ladV mRiUu gks jgk Fkk] lkFk tcfd vuqfpr vkpj.k thfodk y{;ksa rd igq¡pus esa
gh turk dks ;g ladV tkuuk mfpr Hkh gSA lgk;d gks ldrk gSA
z lh-vkbZ-,- viuh LokFkZiw.kZ vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus ds fy;s (b) tc vuqfpr lkèkuksa dks viukus okys yksxksa dh la[;k
vius deZpkfj;ksa dks èkks[kk ns jgk FkkA lkFk gh] ljdkj us fdlh cM+h gksrh gS] rks uSfrd lkèku viukus okys vYila[;d
,slh Lora=k tk¡p ,tsalh dk fuekZ.k ugha fd;k Fkk tgk¡ fOgLky yksxksa ls dksbZ iQdZ ugha iM+rkA
Cyksvj csf>>d ekeyksa dh [kcj ns ldsa rFkk fu"i{k tk¡p (c) uSfrd rjhdksa dk ikyu djuk c`gr~ fodklkRed y{;ksa
lqfuf'pr dh tk ldsA bl rjg LuksMu Lo;a dks Bxk eglwl dj ds fy;s gkfudkjd gSA
jgs Fks ftlls mUgksaus dk;Z fd;kA (d) pkgs dksbZ cM+s vuSfrd vkpj.k esa lfEefyr u gks]
z pw¡fd ^fOgly Cyksbax ds udkjkRed ifj.kke Hkh gksrs gSa] tSls ysfdu NksVs&eksVs migkjksa dk vknku&iznku iz.kkyh dks
ekufld ;kruk] dfBu vnkyrh dk;Zokgh] vieku] vkthfodk vfèkd dq'ky cukrk gSA
,oa jk"Vªh;rk vkfn dk ladVA bu udkjkRed ifj.kkekas dh laHkkouk mi;qDZ r dFkuksa dh muds xq.kksa vkSj nks"kksa lfgr tk¡p dhft;sA
gksus ij Hkh LuksMu }kjk ^fOgly Cyksbax dk cgknqjhiw.kZ dk;Z  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
fu%LokFkZ Hkkouk ,oa lkoZtfud fgr eas fd;k x;k iz;kl izrhr You are an honest and responsible civil servant. You
gksrk gSA often observe the following:
z LuksMu us vius O;fDrxr foosd rFkk lgh o xyr ds xgu (a) There is a general perception that adhering to ethical
fo'ys"k.k ds vkèkkj ij ;g dk;Z fd;k Fkk ftlls lh-vkbZ-,- dk conduct one may face difficulties to oneself and
cause problems for the family, whereas unfair
dnkpkj nwj gks lds rFkk lekt ds vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk Hkh gks ldsA
practices may help to reach the career goals.
LuksMu ds dk;Z dks mfpr Bgjkus okys rdks± ds foijhr ,sls rdZ (b) When the number of people adopting unfair means
Hkh gSa tks LuksMu ds dk;Z dks vuqfpr fl¼ djrs gSa& is large, a small minority having a penchant towards
z iz'kkldh; mÙkjnkf;Ro ,oa lsok dh ^vkpj.k&lafgrk* ds izeq[k ethical means makes no difference.
ewY; fo'oluh;rk ,oa xksiuh;rk dk mYya?ku fd;k x;kA (c) Sticking to ethical means is detrimental to the larger
developmental goals
z xqIrp;kZ vfèkfu;e] 1917 dk mYya?ku dgha&u&dgha dkuwuh
(d) While one may not involve oneself in large unethical
uSfrdrk dh mis{kk gSA practices, but giving and accepting small gifts makes
z lh-vkbZ-,- (laLFkku) ds Hkh vfèkdkjksa dk mYya?ku gqvk D;ksafd the system more efficient.
izR;sd laLFkku vius deZpkjh ls xksiuh;rk o oiQknkjh dk vfèkdkj Examine the above statements with their merits and
j[krk gSA demerits.
z lekt dh futrk dh lqj{kk ds fy;s jk"Vªh; lqj{kk dk mYya?ku mÙkj% ,d flfoy lsod tks bZekunkj vkSj f”kEesnkj gks rFkk ns'k
fd;k x;kA vkSj lekt dks cnyus esa viuh Hkwfedk ds fy;s izfrc¼ gks_ og tc
vr% mi;qZDr rdks± ds vkèkkj ij LuksMu dk dk;Z vuqfpr vo'; {ks=k esa tkdj fofHkUu izdkj dh folaxfr;k¡ ns[krk gS rks mldk fujk'k
izrhr gksrk gS] fdarq xgjkbZ ls ns[ksa rks blds ihNs lh-vkbZ-,- o ljdkj ,oa O;fFkr gksuk LokHkkfod gSA bUgha ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa mlds eu esa oqQN
dh uhfrxr dfe;k¡ rFkk Lora=k tk¡p ,tsalh ds vHkko tSls dkjd bl izdkj ds fopkj vk ldrs gSa&
647
 mÙkj % (a) Åijh rkSj ij ,slk vo'; izrhr gksrk gSA dgk Hkh mÙkj % (d) dgk tkrk gS fd NksVs&eksVs migkjksa dk vknku&iznku
x;k gS fd lR; dh jkg dfBu ,oa dk¡Vksa Hkjh gksrh gS ysfdu vR;ar flLVe ds csgrj lapkyu esa ^vkW;fyax* dk dke djrk gSA ;g deZpkfj;ksa
d"V ds ckn Hkh ;gh og iFk gksrk gS tks gesa liQyrk dh vksj ys dks NksVs&eksVs ykHk iznku dj mudk eksfVos'ku cuk, j[krk gSA
tkrk gS rFkk ml eaf”ky rd igq¡pkrk gS ftlls lcds lkFk U;k; gks ysfdu ;gh NksVs&eksVs migkj dc yksHk dk :i ys ysrs gSa irk
rFkk og dkuwuh] uSfrd ,oa lkekftd :i ls lgh gksA Hkh ugha pyrk gSA lkFk gh] ,slh bPNk,¡ fujarj c<+rh tkrh gSa ftudk
mnkgj.k ds fy;s vius ifjokj ds lkFk jg jgs ,d flfoy lsod dksbZ var ugha gksrk gSA blhfy;s flfoy lsok ds ^dksM vkWiQ daMDV*
ij ljdkjh Bsdk nsus dk ncko cuk;k tk, ;k fiQj xyr rjhds ls esa vfèkdkfj;ksa ds fy;s oqQN izrhdkRed migkj gh ysus dh vuqefr
fd;s tk jgs dk;Z dh lgh fjiksVZ cukus dks dgk tk, vkSj ,slk u gS] tSls& xqynLrk] fdrkcsa bR;kfnA
djus ij izR;{k&vizR;{k rjhds ls èkedh nh tk, rks ,slk yx ldrk iz'u% vki vkbZ-,-,l- vfèkdkjh cuus ds bPNqd gSa vkSj vki
gS fd mudh ckr eku ysuk gh ”;knk vklku gSA fofHkUu pj.kksa dks ikj djus ds ckn O;fDrxr lk{kkRdkj
ysfdu xgjkbZ ls ns[ksa rks ;g fu.kZ; mlds [kqn ds fy;s Hkh ds fy;s pqu fy;s x, gSaA lk{kkRdkj ds fy;s tc vki
lk{kkRdkj LFky dh vksj tk jgs Fks rc vkius ,d nq?kZVuk
uqdlkunk;d gks ldrk gSA blls u dsoy mldh lR;fu"Bk ,oa
ns[kh tgk¡ ,d ek¡ vkSj cPpk tks fd vkids fj'rsnkj Fks]
bZekunkjh tSls ewY;ksa ij ladV mRiUu gksxk] cfYd ;s ?kVuk,¡ lkoZtfud
nq?kZVuk ds dkj.k cqjh rjg ls ?kk;y gq, FksA mUgsa rqjar
gksus ij vfèkdkjh ds pfj=k ,oa lEeku ij Hkh vk?kkr djsaxhA lkFk gh
lgk;rk dh vko';drk FkhA
;g lkekftd n`f"Vdks.k ls Hkh vuSfrd gSA
vkius ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa D;k fd;k gksrk\ viuh dk;Zokgh
,slh ifjfLFkfr esa gekjh iqfyl ,oa lqj{kk ,tsafl;k¡ lgk;d gks
dk vkSfpR; le>kb;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
ldrh gSaA os ,sls vlkekftd rÙoksa ls fuiV ldrh gaSA bl izdkj ds You are aspiring to become an IAS officer and you have
ncko esa vxj fu.kZ; fy;k x;k rks ,sls ncko c<+rs gh tk,axsA cleared various stages and now you have been selected
mÙkj % (b) pkgs xyr djus okys yksx fdrus gh vfèkd D;ksa u for the personal interview. On the day of the interview,
on the way to the venue you saw an accident where a
gksa] lR; ds i{k esa [kM+k ,d O;fDr gh mUgsa jksdus esa l{ke gksrk gSA mother and child who happen to be your relatives were
D;ksafd mlds ikl uSfrdrk dk vkRecy gksrk gS tks cM+h&ls&cM+h badly injured. They needed immediate help.
vuSfrd rkdrksa dks jksd ldrk gSA What would you have done in such a situation? Justify
xyr lkèku 'kq#vkrh rkSj ij Hkys gh gekjs thou dks vklku your action.

cuk nsa vkSj O;fDrxr ykHk igq¡pk,¡] ij dkuwuh rkSj ij xyr gksus ds mÙkj% mDr ifjfLFkfr esa eq[;r% nks i{k lfEefyr gSa& eSa vkSj
dkj.k ges'kk gh nks"kh Bgjk, tkus dh vk'kadk jgsxhA lkFk gh ;g esjs esjs ?kk;y fj'rsnkjA bl ifjfLFkfr esa esjs futh vkSj lkekftd nkf;Roksa
fy;s varjkRek ds lkFk le>kSrk djus tSlk gksxkA ds chp }a} dh fLFkfr gSA ,d vksj ;gk¡ esjk dWfj;j flfoy lsok ds
lk{kkRdkj ij fuHkZj djrk gSA ogha nwljh vksj esjk lkekftd nkf;Ro
uSfrd lkèku viukus okys yksx fdrus gh vYila[;d D;ksa u
gS fd eSa lM+d ij ?kk;y O;fDr dh lgk;rk d:¡A nh xbZ ifjfLFkfr
gksa] tc ;s viuh vkok”k mBkrs gSa rks budk lkFk nsus ds fy;s dkuwu
esa pw¡fd ?kk;y O;fDr essjs fj'rsnkj gSa] vr% ;gk¡ esjk ikfjokfjd nkf;Ro
O;oLFkk] turk] ehfM;k bR;kfn vkrs gh gSaA blh ls izsj.kk ysdj lR;sanz
Hkh tqM+ tkrk gSA
nqcs] eatwukFk bR;kfn us vkok”k mBkbZA Hkys gh mlds fy;s bUgsa vius
mDr ifjfLFkfr esa loZizFke eSa ?kk;y ek¡ vkSj cPps dks izkFkfed
izk.k x¡okus iM+s ij O;oLFkk esa bUgksaus vkewypwy ifjorZu yk fn;kA
fpfdRlk eqgS;k djokus dk izcaèk d:¡xk fiQj mUgsa gkWfLiVy Hkstdj
orZeku esa Hkh v'kksd [ksedk] latho prqosZnh tSls flfoy lsod mfpr fpfdRlk fnykus dk iz;kl d:¡xkA ;fn esjs lkFk dksbZ fe=k ;k
^fOglyCyksvj* cudj ;g vglkl fnykrs jgrs gSa fd dsoy la[;k vU; fj'rsnkj gksa rks muds lkFk mUgsa rqjar gkWfLiVy Hkstdj vius
cy ij lR; dh vkok”k nckbZ ugha tk ldrh gSA lk{kkRdkj ds fy;s tkÅ¡xk] vU;Fkk Lo;a mUgsa gkWfLiVy igq¡pkm¡xkA lkFk
mÙkj % (c) uSfrd rjhdksa ds ikyu }kjk gh o`gn~ fodklkRed gh] vU; fj'rsnkjksa dks lwfpr dj vfoyac gkWfLiVy igq¡pus dks dgw¡xkA
y{;ksa dks izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA vuSfrd rjhds 'kqjQvkr esa Hkys gkWfLiVy esa mudh fpfdRlk izkjaHk djokdj eSa vius lk{kkRdkj
gh fodkl dk Hkze iSnk djsa ij varr% ;s fouk'kdkjh gh gksrs gSaA ds fy;s pyk tkšxkA laHko gS fd eSa lk{kkRdkj ds fy;s dqN foyac
tSl&s ;fn dksbZ ifj;kstuk ,slh gS ftldh 'kq#vkr djus ls yk[kksa gks tkš fiQj Hkh vk;ksx dks iwjh ?kVuk crkus ds ckn muls vkxzg
gsDVs;j ou&fouk'k gksus dh laHkkouk gks rFkk blds fy;s dkuwuh ,oa d:¡xk fd eq>s lk{kkRdkj esa lfEefyr gksus fn;k tk,A ;fn eq>s
vU; izkoèkku Hkh vuSfrd rjhds ls rksMu+ s iM+as rks bl ifj;kstuk ls 'kq#vkrh lk{kkRdkj esa lfEefyr gksus dk ekSdk feyrk gS rks eSa viuh iwjh {kerk
rkSj ij Hkys gh jks”kxkj] vkS|ksfxd mRikndrk ,oa fctyh bR;kfn dk ds lkFk lk{kkRdkj nw¡xkA ;fn eq>s ekSdk ugha feyrk gS rks eSa vxys
ykHk gks ij blls gqvk izko`Qfrd uk'k varr% xSj&fodkldkjh gh gksxkA o"kZ ds fy;s iz;kl d:¡xkA

648
 fu'p; gh bl izdkj dk fu.kZ; ysuk ,d dfBu dk;Z gS rFkkfi z eqvko”kk nsus ls euk dj fn;k tk,A
eq>s bl ckr dh larqf"V vo'; jgsxh fd eaSus nks ekuo thou dh z gM+rkyh deZpkfj;ksa dks vuq'kklukRed dkjZokbZ dk uksfVl fn;k
j{kk dh gSA euq"; thou dh j{kk ls cM+h dksbZ miyfCèk ugha gks ldrh tk,A
gSA ;fn eSaus mudh enn ugha dh gksrh vkSj mudh e`R;q gks tkrh rks z vkèkk eqvko”kk fn;k tk,A
bldk vijkèkcksèk 'kk;n eq>s iwjs thou vlarq"V j[krkA fiQj flfoy z iw.kZ eqvko”kk fn;k tk,A
lsok esa Hkh eq[; dk;Z rks ekuo dY;k.k gh gS vkSj bl izdkj ds eqvko”kk nsus ls euk djus ij daiuh vius dkuwu ,oa fu;eksa ij
fu.kZ; ls Hkys gh eSa flfoy lsok ls ckgj gks tkrk ijarq ,d ekuo l[r jgsxh ftlls deZpkfj;ksa esa vuq'kklu vk,xk rFkk vU; deZpkjh
ds :i esa eSa Lo;a dks liQy ikšxkA Hkh fu;eksa dh vogsyuk djus ls MjsaxsA lkFk gh] daiuh Hkfo"; ds
iz'u% vki fdlh laxBu ds ekuo lalkèku foHkkx ds vè;{k gSaA fdlh vuqfpr ncko ds izfr Hkh l[rh dk lans'k ns ldsxh fd ncko
,d fnu deZpkfj;ksa esa ls ,d dk M~;wVh djrs gq, nsgkar nsdj fdlh xSj&dkuwuh ckr dks euok;k ugha tk ldsxk] ij blls
gks x;kA mldk ifjokj eqvko”ks dh ekax dj jgk Fkk fdarq daiuh dh rkRdkfyd leL;k dk lekèkku ugha gks ldsxkA gM+rky ds
daiuh us bl dkj.k ls eqvko”kk nsus ls budkj dj fn;k dkj.k daiuh ds dk;Zfnolksa dk Hkh uqdlku gksxk vkSj deZpkfj;ksa esa
gS D;ksafd daiuh dks tk¡p }kjk Kkr gqvk fd deZpkjh Hkh viuRo dh Hkkouk VwVsxh rFkk daiuh ij ls mudk fo'okl mB
nq?kZVuk ds le; u'ks esa FkkA daiuh ds deZpkjh e`rd ldrk gSA lkFk gh] e`rd deZpkjh ds ifjokj dks Hkh dksbZ lgk;rk
deZpkjh ds ifjokj dks eqvko”kk nsus dh ekax djrs gq, ugha izkIr gksxhA
gM+rky ij pys x,A izcaèku cksMZ ds vè;{k us vkils bl blh izdkj gM+rkyh deZpkfj;ksa ij vuq'kklukRed dkjZokbZ djus
lacaèk esa lykg nsus dks dgkA ls ekeyk HkM+d ldrk gS tks daiuh ,oa deZpkjh fdlh ds fy;s Bhd
izcaèku eaMy dks vki D;k lykg nsaxs\ viuh nh xbZ lykgksa ugha jgsxkA vkèkk eqvko”kk nsuk bl n`f"V ls Bhd jgsxk fd deZpkjh
esa ls izR;sd ds xq.kksa vkSj nks"kksa dh ppkZ dhft;sA  gM+rky ls okil ykSVsaxs vkSj muesa ;g lans'k tk,xk fd ;|fi daiuh
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) gekjh Hkkouk dk [;ky j[krh gS ijarq gesa Hkh fu;eksa dk dM+kbZ ls
You are the head of the Human Resources department ikyu djuk pkfg;sA vr% blls deZpkfj;ksa dh gM+rky Hkh lekIr
of an organisation. One day one of the workers died on
gksxh vkSj daiuh ds fu;eksa dh vgfe;r Hkh cuh jgsxhA
duty. His family was demanding compensation.
However, the company denied compensation because it iw.kZ eqvko”kk nsus ls tgk¡ ,d vksj daiuh ij deZpkfj;ksa dh
was revealed in investigation that he was drunk at the fo'oklcgkyh gks ldsxh vkSj daiuh dk dke lqpkjQ :i ls py
time of the accident. The workers of the company went ldsxk] ogha ;g lans'k Hkh tk ldrk gS fd ncko ds }kjk Hkh daiuh
to strike demanding compensation for the family of the
ls viuh ckr euokbZ tk ldrh gSA lkFk gh] deZpkjh ds u'ks esa gksus
deceased. The Chairman of the management board has
asked for your recommendation. dh f”kEesnkjh gekjh daiuh ij Hkh gS] D;ksafd bl ckr dh iM+rky
What recommendation would you provide the gksuh pkfg;s fd xsV ij lqj{kk tk¡p esa ;g lkeus D;ksa ugha vk;k\
management? Discuss the merits and demerits of each oLrqr% esjk izkFkfed vkSj vafre mís'; daiuh ds LFkk;h fgrksa dh j{kk
of the recommendations. djuk gSA vr% esjh lykg jgsxh fd iw.kZ eqvko”kk ns fn;k tk,A
mÙkj% fdlh laxBu dh izxfr esa deZpkfj;ksa dh [kq'kgkyh] mudh varr% ,d foLr`r xkbMykbu cukuh pkfg;s ftlesa daiuh ds
lqj{kk rFkk daiuh ij deZpkfj;ksa dk fo'okl vge gksrk gSA vr% fu;eksa vkSj lqj{kk izkoèkkuksa dk Li"Vrk ls mYYks[k fd;k tk, vkSj
ekuo lalkèku foHkkx ds vè;{k ds :i esa esjh [kkl rkSj ij ;g ,d izHkkoh eSdsfu”e cukdj bls l[rh ls ykxw djk;k tk, rFkk
f”kEesnkjh gS fd deZpkfj;ksa ds dY;k.k rFkk muds fo'okl dks cuk, tk¡p dh Hkh i;kZIr O;oLFkk gks rkfd vkxs ls u'kk djds ;k vU;
j[kk tk,A pw¡fd] deZpkjh dh ekSr ds le; og u'ks esa Fkk rks D;k fdlh izdkj vlkoèkkuh djus okys deZpkjh dks nq?kZVuk ls igys gh
blds fy;ss eqvko”kk nsus ;k u nsus ls lacafèkr dksbZ izkoèkku daiuh ds jksdk tk ldsA
fu;eksa esa gS ;k ugha] eSa bldh iM+rky d:¡xkA lkFk gh] fu;eksa ls iz'u% vki ,d Lis;j ikVZ daiuh ds eSustj gSa vkSj vkidks ,d
Hkh ijs tkdj eSa daiuh fgr esa oqQN oSls dne mBkus dk lq>ko nw¡xk cM+h mRiknd daiuh ^ch* ds izos'k ls lkSns ds fy;s ckrphr
ftlls rRdkyhu mcky 'kkar gks vkSj daiuh ds vU; deZpkjh dke djuh gSA lkSnk vR;fèkd izfrLi¼kZRed gS rFkk vkidh
ij okil vk tk,¡A ,slh fLFkfr esa izcaèku dks fuEufyf[kr lykg nw¡xk& daiuh ds fy;s ;g lkSnk izkIr djuk cgqr egÙoiw.kZ gSA
ekeys dh ,d ckj iqu% tk¡p djkbZ tk, ftlesa deZpkjh oxZ fMuj ij lkSnk fd;k tk jgk gSA fMuj ds i'pkr~ mRiknd
ds lnL;ksa dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k tk,A blls deZpkfj;ksa dk izcaèku esa daiuh ^ch* ds eSustj us vkidks gksVy viuh xkM+h ls
fo'okl c<+sxk vkSj rRdkyhu mcky 'kkar gksdj daiuh dk nSuafnu dk;Z NksM+us dk izLrko fd;kA gksVy tkrs le; daiuh ^ch* ds
lqpk# :i ls gks ldsxkA vxj bl tk¡p esa Hkh deZpkjh dks u'ks esa eSustj ls ,d eksVjlkbfdy dks VDdj yx xbZ ftlls
ik;k tk, rks fuEufyf[kr fodYi gks ldrs gSa& eksVjlkbfdy ij lokj O;fDr cqjh rjg ls ?kk;y gks x;kA
649
 vki tkurs gSa fd eSustj rhoz xfr ls xkM+h pyk jgk Fkk gks ldrh gSA Hkys gh blls gekjh daiuh dks lkSnk izkIr gks tkus dh
vkSj og xkM+h ij fu;a=k.k [kks cSBk FkkA fofèk&izorZu laHkkouk c<+ ldrh gS ij dkuwuh :i ls ,slk djuk laHko ughaA
vfèkdkjh bl ?kVuk dh tk¡p djus ds fy;s vkrs gSa vkSj ?kVuk ds oDr viuk è;ku dgha vkSj crkus ij esjh f”kEesnkjh
vki bl ?kVuk ds ,dek=k izR;{k lk{kh gSaA lM+d nq?kZVukvksa [kRe gks ldrh gS rFkk dksbZ fofèkd dkjZokbZ Hkh laHko ugha gks ldsxhA
ds dM+s dkuwuksa dks tkurs gq, vki bl ckr ls voxr gSa lkFk gh] blls esjh daiuh dks lkSnk izkIr djuk Hkh vklku gks ldrk gSA
fd vkids bl ?kVuk ds lPps c;ku ls daiuh ^ch* ds ij ,d uSfrd O;fDr ds :i esa esjk ân; eq>s bl ckr dh btk”kr
eS u s t j ij vfHk;ks x pyk;k tk ldrk gS ftlds ugha nsxkA
ifj.kkeLo:i lkSnk gksuk [krjs esa iM+ ldrk gS vkSj ;g lkFkh eSustj dh xyrh ls budkj dj mldk fo'okl thruk esjs
lkSnk vkidh daiuh ds fy;s vR;ar egÙoiw.kZ gSA izkis Qs 'kuy mÙkjnkf;Ro ds fy;s lcls lVhd jgsxk ij eq>s bl xyrc;kuh
vki fdl izdkj dh nqfoèkkvksa dk lkeuk djsaxs\ bl dk [kkfe;k”kk Hkh Hkqxruk iM+ ldrk gSA xyr lk{; nsuk dkuwuh :i
ifjfLFkfr ds ckjs esa vkidh D;k izfrfØ;k gksxh\ ls rks xyr gS gh] lkFk gh rduhd dk iz;ksx dj Hkh bl ?kVuk dh
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
lR;rk ij[kh tk ldrh gS ftlls esjs mQij vkjksi yx ldrk gS vkSj
You are the manager of a spare parts company A and eq>s l”kk gks ldrh gSA
you have to negotiate a deal with the manager of a large ?kVuk dh lPpkbZ izLrqr dj nsus ls Hkys gh lkFkh eSustj dks
manufacturing company B. The deal is highly l”kk gks tk, vkSj esjh daiuh dks lkSnk izkIr u gks ij dkuwu dk 'kklu
competitive and sealing the deal is critical for your izHkkoh gksxk vkSj ?kk;y eksVjlkbfdy lokj dks U;k; feysxk rFkk eSa
company. The deal is being worked out over a dinner. Hkh vius uSfrd ,oa fofèkd dÙkZO; dks iwjk dj ldw¡xkA
After dinner the manager of manufacturing company
B offered to drop you to the hotel in his car. On the way vkSj pw¡fd daiuh esa lkSns O;fDrxr fgr ls vfèkd O;kolkf;d
to hotel he happens to hit motorcycle injuring the uiQk&uqdlku ls ”;knk izsfjr gksrs gaSA vxj gekjs mRikn esa {kerk gksxh
motorcyclist badly. You know the manager was driving rks gesa ;g lkSnk vo'; feysxkA
fast and thus lost control. The law enforcement officer varr% ;g Hkh eku ysa fd lkSnk gesa ugha feyk exj fiQj gesa
comes to investigate the issue and you are the sole
eyewitness to it. Knowing the strict laws pertaining to
bl ckr dk iQ– gksxk fd geus vius ewY;ksa ds lkFk le>kSrk ugha
road accidents you are aware that your honest account fd;k vkSj ns'k dh U;k;iz.kkyh ds lkFk iw.kZr% lg;ksx fd;kA
of the incident would lead to the prosecution of the iz'u% ,d edku ftls rhu eaf”ky cukus dh vuqefr feyh Fkh]
manager and as a consequence the deal is likely to be mls voSèk :i ls fuekZ.kdÙkkZ }kjk N% eaf”kyk cuk;k tk
jeopardised, which is of immense importance to your jgk Fkk vkSj og <g x;kA blds dkj.k dbZ funksZ"k e”knwj]
company.
ftuesa efgyk,¡ o cPPks Hkh 'kkfey Fks] ekjs x,A lHkh e`Rkd
What are the dilemmas you face? What will be your
response to the situation?
ifjokjksa dks udn&eqvko”kk ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k vkSj
fuekZ.kdÙkkZ dks fxjÝrkj dj fy;k x;kA
mÙkj% daiuh ds fy;s lkSnk gkfly djus ds lkFk&lkFk lk{; ds
ns'k esa gksus okyh bl izdkj dh ?kVukvksa ds dkj.k crkb;sA
fy;s xokg ds :i esa mifLFkr gksuk vkSj ?kVuk dh rLohj c;k¡ djuk
bl izdkj dh ?kVukvksa dks jksdus ds fy;s vius lq>ko
esjk dÙkZO; gSA vxj eSa xokgh nsus ls euk djrk gw¡ ;k >wBh xokgh
nhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
nsrk gw¡ rks ;g vuSfrd ,oa xSj&dkuwuh gksxkA lkFk gh] nwljk eqík ;g A building permitted for three floors, while being
Hkh gS fd esjs lPps c;ku ls daiuh ^ch* ds eSustj ij vfHk;ksx pyk;k extended illegally to 6 floors by a builder, collapses. As
tk ldrk gS ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i lkSnk [krjs esa iM+ ldrk gSA a consequence, a number of innocent labourers
including women and children died. These labourers
Lis;j ikVZ daiuh ds eSustj ds :i esa esjh nksgjh f”kEesnkjh gS are migrants of different places. The government
rFkk nqfoèkk ;g gS fd bl ifjfLFkfr ls fuiVus esa fdl ewY; dks immediately announced cash relief to the aggrieved
ojh;rk nh tk,A vr% esjs ikl oqQN fuEufyf[kr fodYi gks ldrs gSa& families and arrested the builder.
z xokgh nsus ls budkj dj nsukA Give reasons for such incidents taking place across the
country. Suggest measures to prevent their occurrence.
z ;g crkuk fd ?kVuk ds oDr esjk è;ku lM+d ij ugha Fkk blfy;s
mÙkj% mi;qZDr of.kZr ifjfLFkfr esa eq[; :i ls pkj i{k lfEefyr
oqQN Li"V crk ikus esa v{ke gw¡A
gSa& (i) fuekZ.kdÙkkZ] (ii) fu;ked laLFkk] (iii) e”knwj o (iv) ljdkjA
z lkFkh eSustj dh xyrh ls iw.kZr% budkj dj nsuk rFkk eksVjlkbfdy
nh xbZ ifjfLFkfr esa uSfrd o dkuwuh nksuksa ekudksa dk mYya?ku gqvk
lokj O;fDr dh xyrh crkukA gSA mDr ifjfLFkfr esa eq[; uSfrd eqík fuekZ.kdÙkkZvksa ds vuqfpr
z ?kVuk dh lPpkbZ izLrqr dj nsukA vkpj.k ls lacafèkr gSA fuekkZ.kdÙkkZvksa }kjk vius ladh.kZ O;kolkf;d
pw¡fd] Hkkjrh; lk{; vfèkfu;e ds vuqlkj xokgh nsuk dkuwuh fgrksa dks funksZ"k e”knwjksa ds thou ls vfèkd egÙo fn;k x;k vkSj
f”kEesnkjh gS vkSj ,slk ugha djus ij vkbZ-ih-lh- ds rgr eq> ij dkjZokbZ blds fy;s dkuwuh ekudksa dk Hkh Li"V mYYka?ku fd;k x;kA

650
 blls lacafèkr vU; egÙoiw.kZ rF; ;g gS fd tk¡p vfèkdkjh You are a Public Information Officer (PIO) in a
}kjk Hkh vius dk;ks± dk mfpr fuoZgu ugha fd;k x;kA government department. You are aware that the RTI
Act 2005 envisages transparency and accountability in
bl izdkj dh ?kVukvksa ds eq[; dkj.kksa esa ge fuEufyf[kr dh
administration. The act has functioned as a check on
x.kuk dj ldrs gSa& the supposedly arbitrarily administrative behaviour
z dkuwu dk Bhd <ax ls vuqikyu ughaA tc Li"V :i ls dsoy and actions. However, as a PIO you have observed that
rhu eaf”kyk edku ds fuekZ.k dh vuqefr nh xbZ rks N% eaf”kyk there are citizens who filed RTI applications not for
fuekZ.k dkuwu dk Li"V mYya?kuA themselves but on behalf of such stakeholders who
purportedly want to have access to information to
z fu;ked laLFkk o tk¡p vfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk fuekZ.k dh le;&le;
further their own interests. At the same time there are
ij tk¡p u fd;s tkus ls Hkh yksx bl izdkj ds vuqfpr fuekZ.k those RTI activists who routinely file RTI applications
dks izksRlkfgr gksrs gSaA and attempt to extort money from the decision makers.
z vuqfpr ykHk ds fy;s fuekZ.kdÙkkZvksa }kjk lqj{kk ekudksa dk izk;% This type of RTI activism has affected the functioning
mYya?ku fd;k tkrk gSA of the administration adversely and also possibly
z fuekZ.k dh xyr ;kstukvksa ds dkj.k Hkh bl izdkj dh nq?kZVuk,¡ jeopardises the genuineness of the applications which
are essentially aimed at getting justice.
ns[kus dks feyrh gSaA
What measures would you suggest to separate genuine
z dbZ ckj xyr fuekZ.k lkefxz;ksa ds iz;ksx ds dkj.k Hkh fuekZ.k
and non-genuine applications? Give merits and
LFkk;h ugha gks ikrk gS vkSj nq?kZVuk gksrh gSA demerits of your suggestions.
bl izdkj dh ?kVukvksa dks jksdus ds fy;s fuEufyf[kr mik; mÙkj% vkj-Vh-vkbZ- vfèkfu;e dk mís'; ljdkj ds dkedkt
fd;s tk ldrs gSa& dks ysdj ukxfjdksa dks l{ke cukuk] ikjnf'kZrk rFkk mÙkjnkf;Ro dks
z dkuwu dk mfpr vuqikyu lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,A blds fy;s izR;sd c<+kok nsuk gS ftlls gekjs yksdra=k esa yksx okLrfod Hkwfedk esa vkdj
fuekZ.k ls iwoZ fuekZ.k dh ;kstuk vkSj O;ogk;Zrk dh leqfpr tk¡p Hkz"Vkpkjjfgr ukxfjd vfèkdkjksa dk vuqHko dj ldsaA
dh tk,A ,d ih-vkbZ-vks- ds :i esa vius dk;Z&vuqHkoksa ds nkSjku blesa
z le;&le; ij izkstsDV dh leqfpr tk¡p dj ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k dbZ folaxfr;k¡ esjs lkeus vkb±Z ftuesa ns[kk x;k fd oqQN O;fDr@laxBu
tk, fd dksbZ voSèk fuekZ.k rks ugha fd;k tk jgk gSA vkj-Vh-vkbZ- ds vfèkdkjksa dk nq#i;ksx dj iz'kklfud fu.kZ; dks izHkkfor
z e”knwjksa ds lqj{kk ekudksa dh iw.kZr% O;oLFkk djkbZ tk,A dj jgs gSaA iz'kklfud dk;Z dks lqpk# :i ls pykus gsrq ,oa ukxfjdksa
z le;&le; ij fofHkUUk fuekZ.k bdkb;ksa dk fu"i{k ,tsalh ls ds vfèkdkjksa dks Hkh mu rd lqpk# :i ls igq¡pkus ds fy;s
losZ{k.k djk;k tk,A ;kfpdkdÙkkZvksa dh izo`fÙk ds vkèkkj ij okLrfod rFkk vokLRkfod
iz'u% vki ,d ljdkjh foHkkx esa lkoZtfud tulwpuk vfèkdkjh ;kfpdkvksa ds Js.khdj.k ds fy;s esa fuEufyf[kr lq>ko nsuk pkgw¡xk@
(ih-vkbZ-vks-) gSaA vki tkurs gSa fd 2005 dk vkj-Vh-vkbZ- pkgw¡xh&
vfèkfu;e iz'kklfud ikjnf'kZrk ,oa tokcnsgh dh okLrfod (yksxksa dh ;kfpdk vyx djus ds fy;s)
ifjdYiuk djrk gSA vfèkfu;e vkerkSj ij dnkfpr euekuk z tks yksx vius fy;s ;kfpdk iQkby djrs gSaA
iz'kklfud O;ogkj ,oa dk;ks± ij jksd yxkus esa dk;Zjr gSA z dHkh&dHkh vkj-Vh-vkbZ- dk iz;ksx djus okysA
fdarq ,d ih-vkbZ-vks- ds Lo:i esa vkius ns[kk gS fd dqN
vokLrfod (yksxksa dh ;kfpdk vyx&vyx djus ds fy;s)
,sls ukxfjd gSa tks vius fy;s ;kfpdk iQkby djus dh
ctk; nwljs fgrèkkjdksa ds fy;s ;kfpdk iQkby djrs gSa z tks yksx nwljksa ds fy;s ;kfpdk iQkby djrs gSaA
vkSj blds }kjk vius LokFkZ dks vkxs djrs gSaA lkFk&lkFk z tks yksx ckj&ckj ;kfpdk iQkby djrs gSaA
,sls vkj-Vh-vkbZ- Hkjus okys dqN yksx Hkh gSa tks fu;fer vc iz'u mBrk gS fd vxj bl Js.khdj.k dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk
:i ls vkj-Vh-vkbZ - ;kfpdk,¡ Hkjrs jgrs gS a vkS j gS rks ”kkfgj&lh ckr gS fd ;kfpdkdÙkkZ rFkk mudh la[;k,¡ de gksaxh
fu.kZ;dÙkkZvksa ls iSlk fudyokus dk iz;kl djrs gSaA bl vkSj iz'kklfud dk;Z (fu.kZ; Lrj ij) lqpk# :i ls py ldsxkA
izdkj dh vkj-Vh-vkbZ- xfrfofèk;ksa us iz'kklu ds dk;Zdykiksa ysfdu vkj-Vh-vkbZ- vfèkfu;e ds vkèkkj ij mijksDr Js.kh dk ijh{k.k
ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkyk gS vkSj laHkor% fo'kq¼ ;kfpdkvksa vfuok;Z gS] tks bl izdkj gS&
dks tksf[ke esa Mky fn;k gS ftudk y{; U;k; izkIr djuk gSA z okLrfod Js.kh esa iQkby ;kfpdk ds }kjk yksxksa dks iz'kklfud
okLrfod vkSj vokLrfod ;kfpdkvksa dks vyx djus ds ,oa ”k:jh fu.khZr lwpuk,¡ izkIr gks ldasxh] tks ukxfjd vfèkdkjksa
fy;s vki D;k mik; lq>k,axs\ vius lq>koksa ds xq.kksa vkSj ds fy;s ”k:jh gaSA
nks"kksa dk o.kZu dhft;sA (250 'kCn] 20 vad) z vokLrfod Js.khdj.k dks ysdj leL;k,¡ ns[kh tk ldrh gSa fd&

651
 ”k:jh ugha fd tks yksx nwljksa ds fy;s ;kfpdk iQkby djrs gksa A fresh engineering graduate gets a job in a prestigious
mudk mís'; LokFkZiw.kZ gh gks] D;ksafd Hkkjr esa f'k{kk dk Lrj] dkuwuksa chemical industry. She likes the work. The salary is
also good. However, after a few months she accidentally
ds izfr tkx:drk ,oa lkekftd <ka¡pk bl izdkj gS fd vHkh Hkh discovers that a highly toxic waste is being secretly
cgqr cM+h la[;k esa yksx vius vfèkdkjksa ls oafpr gSaA discharged into a river nearby. This is causing health
”k:jh ugha fd tks yksx ckj&ckj ;kfpdk iQkby djrs gksa mudk problems to the villagers downstream who depend on
mís'; vfèkdkjh dks CySdesy djuk gh gks D;ksafd vkt Hkh gekjs the river for their water need. She is perturbed and
mentions her concern to her colleagues who have been
iz'kklu dh tfVyrkvksa ds dkj.k mís';iw.kZ lwpuk ugha fey ikrh gS with the company for longer periods. They advise her
ftlls dbZ laxBu ,oa ;kfpdkdÙkkZ ckj&ckj ;kfpdkvksa dk iz;ksx to keep quite as anyone who mentions the topic is
djus ij ckè; gksrs gSaA summarily dismissed. She cannot risk losing her job
as she is the sole bread-winner for her family and has
;fn dqN yksxksa ds }kjk ;kfpdk ;k vkj-Vh-vkbZ- vfèkdkjksa dk
to support her ailing parents and siblings. At first, she
nq#i;ksx fd;k tk jgk gS rks dkjZokbZ dks dsoy ml O;fDr ;k laxBu thinks that if her seniors are keeping quiet, why should
rd gh lhfer j[kuk gksxkA blds vkèkkj ij lkekftd& vkfFkZd&'kSf{kd she stick out her neck. But her conscience pricks her
:i ls fiNM+s yksxksa ds fy;s dk;Z djus okyksa dks vkèkkj ugha cukuk to do something to save the river and the people who
pkfg;sA depend upon it. At heart she feels that the advice of
silence given by her friends is not correct through she
2016 cannot give reasons for it. She thinks you are a wise
person and seeks your advice.
iz'u% bathfu;jh dh ,d ubZ Lukrd (xzstq,V) dks ,d izfr"Bkoku (a) What arguments can you advance to show her that
jklk;fud m|ksx esa ukSdjh feyh gSA og dk;Z dks ilan keeping quiet is not morally right?
djrh gSA osru Hkh vPNk gSA fiQj Hkh dqN eghuksa ds i'pkr~ (b) What course of action would you advice her to adopt
bÙkiQkd ls mlus ik;k fd mPp fo"kkDr vo'ks"k dks xksiuh; and why?

rjhds ls u”knhdh unh esa izokfgr fd;k tk jgk gSA ;g mÙkj% mi;qZDr ifjfLFkfr esa viuh ukSdjh cpkus o ifjokj dk
vuqizokg esa jgus okys xzkeh.kksa] tks ikuh dh vko';drk Hkj.k&iks"k.k djus rFkk ,d unh dks cpkus o yksxksa dk LokLF; [kjkc
ds fy;s unh ij fuHkZj gSa] ds LokLF; dh leL;kvksa dk u gksus nsus ds chp }a} gSA lkFk gh lgdfeZ;ksa }kjk pqi jgus dk
dkj.k curk tk jgk gSA og fopfyr gS vkSj og viuh ijke'kZ fn;k tkuk rFkk mlds var%dj.k dks ;g Lohdkj u gksuk bl
fpark lgdfeZ;ksa dks izdV djrh gS] tks yacs le; ls daiuh }a} dks l?ku cukrk gSA
ds lkFk jgs gSaA os mls pqi jgus dh lykg nsrs gSa] D;ksafd mÙkj % (a) pqi jguk uSfrd :i ls lgh ugha gSA ;g n'kkZus
tks Hkh bl fo"k; dk mYys[k djrk gS] mldks ukSdjh ls ds fy;s eSa fuEukafdr rdZ izLrqr d:¡xk&
fudky fn;k tkrk gSA og viuh ukSdjh [kksus dk [krjk z pqi jgus dk vFkZ unh tSls vewY; izkÑfrd èkjksgj dh cckZnh esa
ugha ys ldrh] D;ksfa d og vius ifjokj dh ,dek=k thfodk lgHkkxh gksuk gksxkA ,d ukSdjh dh dher ij ve`r rqY; ty
pykus okyh gS rFkk mls vius chekj ekrk&firk ,oa iznku djus okyh unh dks cckZn gksus nsuk] dgha ls Hkh mfpr ugha
HkkbZ & cguks a dk Hkj.k&iks " k.k djuk gks r k gS A dgk tk ldrkA
izFker% og lksprh gS& ;fn mlds ofj"B pqi gSa rks og z gj euq"; vius&vki esa lkè; gksrk gS] blfy;s viuh ukSdjh
gh D;ksa viuh xnZu ckgj fudkysA ijarq mldk var%dj.k cpkus rFkk ifjokj dk Hkj.k&iks"k.k djus ds fy;s xzkeh.kksa dk
unh dks ,oa unh ij fuHkZj jgus okys yksxksa dks cpkus ds thou [krjs esa Mkyuk ,d fuÑ"V mnkgj.k gksxkA
fy;s dqN djus dh izsj.kk nsrk gSA var%dj.k ls og eglwl z tcfd og bls xyr ekurh gS vkSj mlds ckn Hkh dqN&u&dqN
djrh gS fd mlds fe=kksa }kjk pqi jgus dk fn;k ijke'kZ ikus dk na'k mls vkarfjd :i ls de”kksj dj nsxkA vr% mlds
mfpr ugha gS] ;|fi og mlds dkj.k ugha crk ldrh gSA fy;s bl uSfrd cks> ds lkFk thuk ekufld ruko Hkjk gksxkA
og lksprh gS fd vki ,d cqf¼eku O;fDr gSa rFkk og mÙkj % (b) bl fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s eSa mls fuEukafdr
vkidk ijke'kZ iwNrh gSA lykg nw¡xk&
(a) pqi jguk mlds fy;s uSfrd :i ls lgh ugha gS] ;g z lcls igys iwjs uSfrd cy ds lkFk mls fojksèk djuk pkfg;s rFkk
n'kkZus ds fy;s vki D;k rdZ izLrqr dj ldrs gSa\ ukSdjh dh vfèkd fpark ugha djuh pkfg;s] D;ksafd mlds ikl
(b) vki mls dkSu&lk jkLrk viukus dh lykg nsaxs vkSj rduhdh n{krk gS] blfy;s mls FkksM+h&cgqr ijs'kkuh ds lkFk iqu%
D;ksa nsaxs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) ukSdjh fey tk,xhA

652
 z vkjafHkd dkjZokbZ ds rkSj ij eSa mls lykg nw¡xk fd og ckrphr Land needed for mining, dams and other large-scale
ds ekè;e ls vius lgdfeZ;ksa ds chp bldks ysdj ,d lgefr projects is acquired mostly from Adivasis, hill dwellers
and rural communities. The displaced persons are paid
cukus dk iz;kl djsA vxj ,slk ugha gksrk gS rks mls Lo;a gh monetary compensation as per the legal provisions.
daiuh ds l{ke inkfèkdkjh ls ckr djuh pkfg;sA However, the payment is often tardy. In any case, it
z fLFkfr dh xaHkhjrk ls mUgsa voxr djkuk rFkk mUgsa dksbZ oSdfYid cannot sustain the displaced families for long. These
people do not possess marketable skills to engage in
ekxZ lq>kuk] tSls& fo"kkDr vo'ks"k ds fy;s VªhVesaV IykaV yxokuk
some other occupation. They end up as low paid migrant
rFkk mipkfjr ty unh esa izokfgr djuk vkfnA labourers. Moreover, their traditional ways of
z daiuh dks ;g fo'okl fnykuk fd ,slk djuk daiuh ds fgr esa community living are destroyed. Thus, the benefits of
gh gksxk rFkk mldh lk[k esa o`f¼ gksxhA development go to industries, industrialists and urban
communities whereas the costs are passed on to these
z ,d vU; eè;orhZ fodYi ds :i esa ;g lq>ko nw¡xk fd daiuh
poor helpless people. This unjust distribution of costs
ds dqN lw>&cw> okys lgdfeZ;ksa dks lkFk ysdj ;k os rS;kj ugha and benefits is unethical.
gksrs gSa rks blds fcuk Hkh xzkeh.kksa dks bl ckr dh tkudkjh nsukA Suppose you have been entrusted with the task of
cgqr laHko gS fd xzkeh.kksa dh ckrksa dk daiuh ij uSfrd ncko drafting a better compensation-cum-rehabilitation
policy for such displaced persons, how would you
iM+s vkSj daiuh ds ekfyd vFkok izcaèkd lac¼ leL;k gsrq dksbZ approach the problem and what would be the main
lekèkku ryk'k ysA elements of your suggested policy?
z vxj bu mik;ksa ds ckn Hkh daiuh rS;kj ugha gksrh gS rks iz'kklu mÙkj% izLrqr ifjfLFkfr esa ,d rjiQ ifj;kstuk ds ekè;e ls {ks=k
eas bl ckr dh f'kdk;r djds tk¡p esa mudh enn djuh pkfg;sA ds fodkl dh ”k:jr gS rks nwljh rjiQ ifj;kstuk ls izHkkfor foLFkkfir
z eq>s mEehn gS fd mi;qZDr fØ;kfofèk;ksa dks viukdj og efgyk O;fDr;ksa dks muds vfèkdkj dhA bu nksuksa esa ls fdlh ds lkFk Hkh
vfHk;ark mfpr lekèkku izkIr djus esa liQy gks tk,xhA bu mik;ksa le>kSrk ugha fd;k tk ldrkA fu%langs ckaèk] [kuu rFkk vU; ifj;kstuk,¡
dks viukus dh lykg eSa blfy;s nw¡xk] D;ksafd ;s mik; izkjafHkd ns'k ds fodkl ds fy;s vko';d gSa D;ksafd varr% buesa ns'k ds
fuokfl;ksa dk gh fgr 'kkfey gSA ¯drq ogha nwljh rjiQ dqN yksxksa
rkSj ij ukSdjh vkSj unh nksuksa dks cpkus dk fodYi nsrs gSa rFkk
(foLFkkfirksa) dks blds fy;s ^lkèkuek=k* le> ysuk vuSfrd gSA bl
ftlesa vafre voLFkk esa Hkh izkÑfrd lalkèkuksa o xzkeh.kksa ds
lacaèk esa esjk n`f"Vdks.k fcYdqy Li"V gS fd vlyh leL;k fodkl
thou ds lkFk le>kSrk ugha fd;k tkrkA dh ifj;kstuk,¡ ugha] cfYd budks fØ;kfUor djus dk xyr rjhdk
iz'u% [kuu] ckaèk ,oa vU; cM+s iSekus dh ifj;kstukvksa ds fy;s gSA mfpr iquokZl uhfr bldk ,d vPNk lekèkku gSA gk¡] ;g lp gS
vko';d Hkwfe vfèkdka'kr% vkfnokfl;ksa] igkM+h fuokfl;ksa fd foLFkkiu ls mRiUu lkekftd] lkaLÑfrd rFkk ekufld ihM+k dh
,oa xzkeh.k leqnk;ksa ls vftZr dh tkrh gSA foLFkkfir mlh ek=kk esa iwfrZ ugha dh tk ldrh] ysfdu gesa vkjafHkd o vkerkSj
O;fDr;ksa dks dkuwuh izkoèkkuksa ds vuq:i ekSfnzd eqvko”kk ij ;g è;ku j[kuk gksxk fd ;g izfØ;k de&ls&de rdyhiQnsg gksA
fn;k tkrk gSA fiQj Hkh Hkqxrku izk;% èkheh xfr ls gksrk gSA lkFk gh ;g fd gekjk mís'; foLFkkiu ugha gS] cfYd ;g fodkl
fdlh Hkh gkyr esa foLFkkfir ifjokj yacs le; rd ekWMy ls mRiUu ,d pqukSrh gSA vr% fodkl ekWMy dks Hkh vfèkd
thou&;kiu ugha dj ikrsA bu yksxksa ds ikl ck”kkj dh lekos'kh o lgHkkfxrkewyd cukus dh vko';drk gSA bl lacaèk esa
vko';drkuqlkj fdlh nwljs èkaèks esa yxus dk dkS'ky Hkh esjs }kjk lq>kbZ xbZ uhfr ds eq[; rÙo fuEukafdr gksaxs&
ugha gksrk gSA os vkf[kjdkj de e”knwjh okys vkoftZd z fodkl dk;ks± ls LFkkuh; yksxksa rFkk i;kZoj.kfonksa dks tksM+uk lcls

(izoklh) Jfed cu tkrs gSAa blds vykok muds lkeqnkf;d egÙoiw.kZ gSA blls ,d rks fØ;kUo;u dh izfØ;k vklku gks
thou ds ijaijkxr rjhds vfèkdka'kr% lekIr gks tkrs gSaA tk,xh] nwljs blls O;qRiUu pqukSfr;ksa ls Hkh vfèkd lVhdrk ds
lkFk fuiVk tk ldsxkA mnkgj.k ds fy;s ;fn Hkwfe vfèkxzg.k
vr% fodkl ds ykHk m|ksxksa] m|ksxifr;ksa ,oa uxjh;
djuk gks rks LFkkuh; yksxksa dk lg;ksx bls vklku cuk nsxkA
leqnk;ksa dks pys tkrs gSa] tcfd fodkl dh ykxr bu
mnkgj.kkFkZ& ^islk ,DV&1996* Hkh ;g izkoèkku djrk gS fd
xjhc vlgk; yksxksa ij Mky nh tkrh gSA ykxrksa ,oa ykHkksa vuqlwfpr {ks=kksa esa fdlh Hkh fodkl dk;Z ds iwoZ xzkelHkk dh
dk ;g vuqfpr forj.k vuSfrd gSA vfuok;Z lgefr yh tk,A
;fn vkidks ,sls foLFkkfir O;fDr;ksa ds fy;s vPNs eqvko”ks z vafre :i ls bl ckr dk è;ku j[kuk fd de&ls&de uqdlku
,oa iqu%okl dh uhfr dk elkSnk cukus dk dk;Z fn;k tkrk ds lkFk dk;Z djuk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy;s fiQj ls Hkwfe vfèkxzg.k
gS] rks vki bl leL;k ds lacaèk esa D;k n`f"Vdks.k j[ksaxs dk gh elyk ysa rks igys catj] fiQj de moZj rFkk fodV
,oa vkids }kjk lq>kbZ xbZ uhfr ds eq[; rÙo dkSu&dkSu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa gh mitkmQ Hkwfe dk vfèkxzg.k fd;k tk,A blls
ls gksaxs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) izHkkfor yksxksa dh oS;fDrd o lkeqnkf;d fgrksa dh j{kk gks ldsxhA
653
 z fdlh dks Hkh mldh Hkwfe o vU; lalkèkuksa ls rHkh oafpr fd;k feel that she certainly needs support. Your enquiries also
tkuk pkfg;s] tc mlls dksbZ egku fgr lèk jgk gksA mnkgj.k ds show that she is really destitute and living in a pitiable
condition. You are in a dilemma as to what to do. Putting
fy;s ^ls”k (SEZ)* tSlh xyrh ls cpuk gksxk] tgk¡ g”kkjksa gsDVs;j
her under the scheme without necessary documents
vfèkxzfgr Hkwfe ;w¡ gh csdkj iM+h gSA would clearly be violation of rules. But denying her the
z iquZokl uhfr dk eq[; n`f"Vdks.k ^ykHk esa fgLlk* gksuk pkfg;s] support would be cruel and inhuman.
u fd eg”k ^eqvko”kk*A bldh iqf"V loksZPp U;k;ky; us ^lekFkk (a) Can you think of a rational way to resolve this
fn'kk&funsZ'k* ds ekè;e ls dh gS vFkkZr~ izHkkfor yksxksa dks vkfFkZd dilemma?
lgk;rk ds lkFk&lkFk jks”kxkj] dkS'ky fodkl] cPpksa dh f'k{kk] (b) Give your reasons for it.
vkokl tSlh lqfoèkk,¡ Hkh nh tk,¡] rkfd os foLFkkiu ds ckn dh mÙkj% ;g vkpkjuhfr ,oa dkuwu ds }a} dks n'kkZrk gqvk izlax
fodkl izfØ;k ls tqM+s jgsaA mnkgj.k ds fy;s ;fn dksbZ foLFkkfir gSA tgk¡ uSfrdrk (U;k;) dk n'kZu ;g dgrk gS fd ,d fujkfJr o
lewg fdlh fo'ks"k dkS'ky ls ;qDr gS rks mlds fu[kjus ds fy;s oafpr efgyk dh lHkh çdkj ls enn dh tkuh pkfg;s] ogha ik=krk
mfpr ifjos'k iznku djukA lkFk gh ,d rks eqvko”ks dh jkf'k fl¼ u gksus ds dkj.k dkuwu enn dh btk”kr ugha nsrkA izFke n`"V;k
eg¡xkbZ ds lkFk lek;ksftr gks rFkk nwljs] bldk le; ls Hkqxrku ,slk izrhr gks jgk gS fd ;fn efgyk dh enn dj nh tkrh gS rks
gksA bl izfØ;k esa vkfFkZd fo'ks"kK ds lkFk LFkkuh; yksx Hkh dkuwu dk vfrØe.k gksxk vkSj ;fn ,slk ugha fd;k tkrk gS rks jkT;
'kkfey gSaA ,d ”k:jrean dh enn djus esa vliQy gks tk,xkA bl }a} dk
z iquokZl ds le; bl ckr dk è;ku j[kuk fd ;g lkekftd o lekèkku rHkh gks ldrk gS] tc nksuksa i{kksa esa larqyu lkèk fy;k tk,A
lkaLÑfd n`f"V ls de rdyhiQnsg gks vFkkZr~ tgk¡ rd laHko gks mÙkj % (a) pw¡fd eSa ftl ;kstuk dk izHkkjh gw¡] mldk ewy mís';
lds foLFkkfirksa dks Hkwfe ls fudV gh clk;k tk, rFkk mUgsa ewy cw<+h ,oa fujkJ; efgykvksa dh lgk;rk djuk gS] blfy;s eSa bl
lewg ds lkFk clk;k tk,A blls os lkaLÑfrd vyxko eglwl ^lkè;* dks iwjk djus dk gjlaHko iz;kl d:¡xkA lkFk gh eSa ;g Hkh
ugha djsaxsA è;ku j[kw¡xk fd ^lkèku* dh ifo=krk ds lkFk dksbZ le>kSrk u gksA
eq>s iwjh mEehn gS fd mi;qZDr fØ;kfofèk dks viukdj u dsoy ;fn dkuwu ds nk;js esa jgrs gq, enn dj nh tk, rks nksuksa mís'; ,d
fodkl ds lekos'kh ekWMy dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk ldsxk] cfYd foLFkkiu lkFk iwjs gks tk,axsA vc mi;qZDr ifjfLFkfr ij xkSj djsa rks ;gk¡ eq[;
dh ihM+k dks de Hkh fd;k tk ldsxkA pqukSrh efgyk dk v;ksX; gksuk ugha] cfYd viuh ik=krk fl¼ u dj
iz'u% dYiuk djsa fd vki ,d lkekftd lsok ;kstuk dh ikuk gS vFkkZr~ efgyk ykHk ikus ds fy;s mi;qDr rks gS] tSlk fd esjh
fØ;kfUorh ds dk;Z izHkkjh gSa] ftlls cw<+h ,oa fujkJ; çkjafHkd tk¡p esa Li"V Hkh gqvk gS] ¯drq og ”k:jh dkx”kkr izLrqr
efgykvksa dh lgk;rk iznku djuh gSA ,d cw<+h ,oa vf'kf{kr ugha dj ik jgh gSA bl leL;k ds funku ds fy;s eSa l{ke inkfèkdkjh
efgyk ;kstuk dk ykHk izkIr djus ds fy;s vkids ikl ls dgw¡xk fd bl vkSipkfjdrk dks tYn&ls&tYn iw.kZ djus esa efgyk
vkrh gSA ;|fi mlds ikl ik=krk ds ekunaMksa dks iwjk djus dh enn djsaA lkFk gh rqjar ykHk iznku djus ds fy;s eSa efgyk dks
okys dkx”kkr fn[kkus ds fy;s ugha gSaA ijarq mlls feyus bl vk'k; dk 'kiFki=k (Affidavit) nsus ds fy;s dgw¡xk] ftlesa og
,oa mls lquus ls vki ;g eglwl djrs gSa fd mls lgk;rk
viuh ik=krk dk lR;kiu djrh gks rFkk fuèkkZfjr le;kofèk esa dkx”kkr
dh fuf'pr :i ls vko';drk gSA vkidh tk¡p esa ;g
tek djus dh gkeh Hkjrh gksA eSa lacafèkr iapk;r izeq[k ls Hkh dgw¡xk
Hkh vk;k gS fd okLro esa og n;uh; n'kk esa fujkfJr
fd og efgyk dh fLFkfr ds lacaèk esa fyf[kr jk; nsaA bl dkuwuh
thou O;rhr dj jgh gSA vki bl èkeZladV esa gSa fd D;k
vkSipkfjdrk dks iw.kZ djus ds ckn eSa efgyk dks enn iznku djus
fd;k tk,A mls fcuk vko';d dkx”kkr ds ;kstuk esa
dh vuq'kalk dj nw¡xkA
lfEefyr fd;k tkuk] fu;eksa dk Li"V mYya?ku gksxkA mls
lgk;rk ds fy;s euk djuk Hkh funZ;rk ,oa vekuoh; gksxkA mÙkj % (b) bl fu.kZ; dks ysus ds fy;s fuEukafdr dkj.k f”kEesnkj Fks&
(a) D;k vki bl èkeZld a V ds lekèkku ds fy;s dksbZ rk£dd z fcuk dkuwuh vkSipkfjdrk iwjh fd;s enn djus ls ,d xyr u”khj

rjhdk lksp ldrs gSa\ is'k gksrh rFkk nqHkkZouko'k yksx bldk xyr ykHk mBkrsA laHko
(b) blds fy;s vius dkj.k crkb;sA gS bl lacaèk esa dksbZ vkj-Vh-vkbZ- nkf[ky dj nh tkrh vkSj eSa
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) mldk larks"kizn tokc u ns ikrkA
Suppose you are an officer in-charge of implementing a z 'kiFki=k ysus rFkk iapk;r izeq[k dh fyf[kr jk; ds ckn esjs ikl
social service scheme to provide support to old and Li"V dkuwuh vkèkkj Fkk fd eSa vko';d dkjZokbZ dj ldw¡A
destitute women. An old and illiterate woman comes to
you to avail the benefits of the scheme. However, she has z ,d Hkh YkkHkkFkhZ ds NwV tkus ls esjk mís'; iwjk ugha gks ldrk
no documents to show that she fulfils the eligibility Fkk] blfy;s efgyk dh enn djuk vfuok;Z FkkA lkFk gh ;g
criteria. But after meeting her and listening to her you izkÑfrd U;k; ds vuq:i Hkh FkkA

654
 z ,d cw<h+ o fujkJ; efgyk ds ikl lHkh ”k:jh dkx”kkr dk u gksuk You reached his house and before you could ring the
dksbZ vLokHkkfod ckr ugha gSA dkuwuh izfØ;kvksa dks iwjk djuk bell you heard shouting noises. You waited for a while.
After entering the house the boss greeted you and
vDlj tfVy gksrk gS rFkk ,d cw<h+ efgyk ds fy;s rks ;g vkSj explained the work. But you were constantly disturbed
Hkh eqf'dy gksxkA blfy;s mldh enn djuk esjk dÙkZO; Hkh FkkA by the crying of a woman. At last, you inquired with the
iz'u% vki ,d ljdkjh dk;kZy; esa vius foHkkx ds funs'kd boss but his answer did not satisfy you.
ds lgk;d ds :i esa dk;Zjr ,d ;qok] mPpkdka{kh ,oa Next day, you were compelled to inquire further in the
fu"diV deZpkjh gSaA tSlk fd vkius vHkh in xzg.k fd;k office and found out that his behaviour is very bad at
home with his wife. He also beats up his wife.
gS] vkidks lh[kus ,oa izxfr dh vko';drk gSA HkkX;o'k
His wife is not well educated and is a simple woman in
vkidk mPpLFk cgqr n;kyq ,oa vkidks vius dk;Z ds comparison to her husband. You see that though your
fy;s izf'kf{kr djus ds fy;s rS;kj gSA og cgqr cqf¼eku boss is a nice person in the office, he is engaged in
,oa iw.kZ tkudkj O;fDr gS] ftls fofHkUu foHkkxksa dk Kku domestic violence at home.
gSA la{ksi esa vki vius ckWl dk lEeku djrs gSa rFkk mlls In such a situation, you are left with the following
cgqr dqN lh[kus ds mRlqd gSaA options. Analyse each option with its consequences.
tSlk fd vkids lkFk ckWl ds lacaèk vPNs gSa] og vki ij (a) Just ignore thinking about it because it is their
personal matter.
fuHkZj djus yxk gSA ,d fnu [kjkc LokLF; ds dkj.k mlus
(b) Report the case to the appropriate authority.
vkidks dqN vko';d dk;Z iwjk djus ds fy;s ?kj ij (c) Your own innovative approach towards the
cqyk;kA vki mlds ?kj igq¡ps ,oa ?kaVh ctkus ls iwoZ vkius situation.
”kksj&”kksj ls fpYykus dk 'kksj lqukA vkius dqN le; izrh{kk mÙkj% mi;qDZ r fodYiksa dk ifj.kke lfgr fo'ys"k.k bl izdkj gS&
dhA ?kj esa izos'k djus ij ckWl us vkidk vfHkuanu fd;k
mÙkj % (a) bl ckjs esa blfy;s lkspuk NksM+ nsuk] D;ksafd ;g
rFkk dk;Z ds ckjs esa cryk;k] ijarq vki ,d vkSjr ds jksus
mudk (ckWl dk) O;fDrxr elyk gS] leL;k ds lekèkku dh ctk;
dh vkok”k ls fujarj O;kdqy jgsA var esa vkius vius ckWl
;FkkfLFkfr dks cjdjkj j[kus dk fodYi gSA bldk ifj.kke ;g gksxk
ls iwNk] ijarq mlus larks"kizn tokc ugha fn;kA
fd efgyk ij fgalk tkjh jgsxhA gk¡] ;g ckr Bhd gS fd ;g mudk
vxys fnu vki dk;kZy; esa blds ckjs esa vkxs tkudkjh O;fDrxr ekeyk gS] ¯drq ;gk¡ ;g è;ku nsus ;ksX; gS fd O;fDrxr
djus dks m}sfyr gq, ,oa ekywe gqvk fd mldk ?kj esa ekeys dk foLrkj efgyk fgalk rd ugha gksrkA bl çdkj vc ;g ,d
viuh iRuh ds lkFk O;ogkj cgqr [kjkc gSA og viuh iRuh dkuwuh ekeyk gks tkrk gSA vr% ;g fodYi viukus ;ksX; ugha gSA
ds lkFk ekjihV Hkh djrk gSA mldh iRuh f'kf{kr ugha gS
mÙkj % (b) nwljk fodYi ;|fi lekèkku dh fn'kk esa iz;kl yxrk
rFkk vius ifr dh rqyuk esa ,d ljy efgyk gSA vki
gS] ¯drq blesa leL;k gS fd ;g eè;orhZ mik;ksa dh vogsyuk djrs
ns[krs gSa fd vkidk ckWl dk;kZy; esa vPNk O;fDr gS]
gq, lhèks vafre fodYi rd igq¡p tkrk gSA cgqr laaHko gS fd blls
ijarq ?kj ij og ?kjsyw fgalk esa lafyIr gSA
ekeyk lqy>us dh ctk; vkSj my> tk,A pw¡fd mldh iRuh tkx:d
bl fLFkfr esa vkids lkeus fuEufyf[kr fodYi cps gSaA ugha gS] blfy;s bl ckr dh Hkh izcy laHkkouk gS fd og dkuwuh
izR;sd fodYi dk ifj.kkeksa ds lkFk fo'ys"k.k dhft;sA izfØ;k dh tfVyrk ls Lo;a dks cpkuk pkgs rFkk [kqn dh ihM+k O;Dr
(a) blds ckjs esa lkspuk NksM+ nhft;s] D;ksafd ;g mudk u djsA blfy;s ;g fodYi Hkh viukus ;ksX; ugha gSA
O;fDrxr ekeyk gSA
mÙkj % (c) bl pqukSrh ls fuiVus ds fy;s eSa fuEukafdr ojh;rk
(b) mi;qDr izkfèkdkjh ds ekeys dks izsf"kr dhft;sA
Øe ds vuqlkj lekèkku ryk'kus dh dksf'k'k d:¡xk&
(c) fLFkfr ds ckjs es vkidk Lo;a dk uoizorZudkjh
n`f"Vdks.kA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
pwf¡ d ckWl ds lkFk esjs lacèa k vPNs gS]a blfy;s eSa muls vukSipkfjd
You are a young, aspiring and sincere employee in a ckrphr d:¡xk rFkk ekeys dks vPNh rjg ls le>w¡xkA ;fn bl ckr
Government office working as an assistant to the director dh iqf"V gks tkrh gS fd og viuh iRuh ds lkFk fgalk djrs gSa rks&
of your department. Since you have joined recently, you
z muls ,slk u djus dk vkxzg d:¡xk rFkk mUgsa mudh Nfo dk
need to learn and progress. Luckily your superior is very
kind and ready to train you for your job. He is very gokyk nw¡xkA lkFk gh mUgsa blds (dkuwuh) nq"ifj.kke ds ckjs
intelligent and well-informed person having knowledge esa Hkh crkm¡QxkA ,sls dqN iwoZ ds mnkgj.k crkmQ¡xk] ftlesa ,slk
of various departments. In short, you respect your boss gqvk gksA
and are looking forward to learn a lot from him.
z ;fn muds ;k mudh iRuh ;k nksuksa ds lkFk dksbZ euksoSKkfud
Since you have a good tuning with the boss, he started
depending on you. One day due to ill health he invited leL;k gS rks fdlh euksfpfdRld ls feyus dh lykg nw¡xk rFkk
you at his place for finishing some urgent work. bls iwjk djus esa lfØ;rk fn[kkmQ¡xkA
655
 z blds ckn eSa vius ckWl ds fdlh vPNs nksLr ;k le>nkj fj'rsnkj efficient technology that will help the company to save
ls ckr d:¡xk rFkk mUgsa eè;LFkrk djus ds fy;s dgw¡xkA eSa dksf'k'k production cost by 20%. The company's decision goes
well with the Government policy of attraction
d:¡xk fd ,d ckj mudh iRuh ls Hkh feyw¡] rkfd lgh oLrqfLFkfr investment to develop such underdeveloped regions.
irk pysA lkFk gh mUgsa dgw¡xk fd izrhdkRed :i ls gh lgh] The Government has also announced tax holiday for
¯drq loZizFke og fgalk dk izfrjksèk djsa rFkk bl ckr dh tkudkjh five years for the companies that invest in underdeveloped
areas. However, the new plant may bring chaos for the
vius nksLr o ifjokj okyksa dks nsaA inhabitants of Vikaspuri region, which is otherwise
z blds ckn Hkh ;fn lekèkku ugha fudyrk gS rks pw¡fd ;g ?kjsyw tranquil. The new plant may result in increased cost of
fgalk dk ekeyk gS] blfy;s eSa mi;qDr vfèkdkjh rd ekeys dks living, aliens migrating to the region, disturbing the
social and economic order. The company sensing the
izsf"kr d:¡xk rFkk tk¡p esa lg;ksx d:¡xkA possible protest tried to educate the people of Vikaspuri
iz'u% ,-ch-lh- fyfeVsM ,d cM+h ikjjk"Vªh; daiuh gS] tks fo'kky region and public in general that how its Corporate
'ks;jèkkjd ds vkèkkj ij fofoèk O;kikfjd xfrfofèk;k¡ Social Responsibility (CSR) policy would help overcome
the likely difficulties of the residents of Vikaspuri region.
lapkfyr djrh gSA daiuh }kjk fujarj foLrkj ,oa jks”kxkj Inspite of this the protests begin and some of the
l`tu gks jgk gSA daiuh us vius foLrkj ,oa fofoèkrk residents decided to approach the judiciary as their plea
dk;ZØe ds varxZr fodkliqjh] tks ,d vfodflr {ks=k gS] before the Government did not yield any result.
esa ,d u;k la;a=k LFkkfir djus dk fu.kZ; fd;k gSA u;k (a) Identify the issues involved in the case.
la;a=k mQtkZ n{k izkS|ksfxdh ds iz;ksx ds vuq:i izk:fir (b) What can be suggested to satisfy the company's goal
and to address the resident's concerns?
fd;k x;k gS] tks daiuh dh mRiknu ykxr dks 20 çfr'kr
mÙkj % (a) bl ekeys esa fuEukafdr leL;k,¡ 'kkfey gSa&
cpk,xhA daiuh ds fu.kZ; ljdkj dh vfodflr {ks=kksa ds
z daiuh dh mRiknu ykxr dks cpkus okyh ,d ifj;kstuk ladV
fodkl ds fy;s fuos'k dks vkdf"kZr djus dh uhfr ds
esa gS rFkk blesa daiuh ds izlkj ij Hkh udkjkRed izHkko iM+ jgk gSA
vuq:i gSaA ljdkj us mu daifu;ksa dks ik¡p o"kZ ds fy;s
z ;|fi daiuh ljdkj dh uhfr ds vuq:i la;a=k LFkfir dj jgh
djksa esa NwV (VSDl gksyhMs) dh ?kks"k.kk dh gS] tks vfodflr
gS] ¯drq ;g turk esa i;kZIr fo'okl mRiUu ugha dj ik jgh gSA
{ks=k esa fuos'k djrh gSaA fiQj Hkh u;k la;a=k fodkliqjh {ks=k
z ,d vfodflr {ks=k gksus ds ukrs ogk¡ dh thou&;kiu ykxr
ds 'kkafrfiz; fuokfl;ksa ds fy;s vO;oLFkk iSnk dj nsxhA
vis{kkÑr de gS] tks la;a=k LFkkiuk ds ckn c<+ tk,xhA
u, la;a=k ds ifj.kkeLo:i thou;kiu dh ykxr c<+sxh]
z vfodflr {ks=k gksus ds ukrs ogk¡ ds yksxksa dks Hk; gS fd ,d
{ks=k esa fons'kh izolu ls lkekftd ,oa vkfFkZd O;oLFkk
fo'kky ikjjk"Vªh; daiuh ^ckgj* ls vfèkd n{k yksxksa dks yk,xh
izHkkfor gksxhA daiuh dks laHkkfor fojksèk dk vkHkkl gksus
ftlls ;gk¡ ds vis{kkÑr de dkS'ky;qDr yksxksa dks jks”kxkj ugha
ij mlus fodkliqjh {ks=k ds yksxksa ,oa turk dks ;g crkus
feysxkA
dh dks f 'k'k dh fd da i uh dh fuxeh; lkekftd
z LFkkuh; yksxksa dks ;g Hkh Hk; gS fd ckgjh yksxksa ds vkus ls ;gk¡
mÙkjnkf;Ro dh uhfr fodkliqjh {ks=k ds fuokfl;ksa dh
dh ijaijkxr O;oLFkk Hkax gks tk,xhA
laHkkfor dfBukb;ksa dks jksdus esa ennxkj jgsxhA blds
mÙkj % (b) LFkkuh; fuokfl;ksa dh larqf"V rFkk daiuh ds y{;kas
ckotwn fojksèk izkjaHk gksrk gS rFkk dqN fuoklh U;k;ikfydk
dks iwjk djus ds fy;s eSa fuEukafdr lq>ko nw¡xk&
tkus dk bl vkèkkj ij fu.kZ; djrs gSa fd blls iwoZ ljdkj
z lcls igys LFkkuh; yksxksa dks bl ifj;kstuk fuekZ.k esa 'kkfey
ds lkeus fn;s x, rdks± dk dksbZ ifj.kke ugha fudyk FkkA
djuk pkfg;s rFkk mi;qDr rdks± o mnkgj.kksa ds ekè;e ls muds
(a) bl ekeys esa var%fufgr leL;kvksa dh igpku dhft;sA eu esa O;kIr vfo'okl dks nwj djuk pkfg;sA
(b) vki daiuh ds y{;ksa ,oa izHkkfor fuokfl;ksa dh larqf"V z mUgsa ifj;kstuk ds ykHk ds ckjs esa crkuk rFkk fdlh ,d ,sls
ds fy;s D;k lq>ko ns ldrs gSa\ vfodflr {ks=k dk mnkgj.k nsuk] tgk¡ ,sls gh fdlh la;a=k dh
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) LFkkiuk ls O;kid [kq'kgkyh vkbZ gksA
ABC Ltd. is large transnational company having z ^dkWiksZjsV lks'ky fjLikWUlfcfyVh* ds rgr ml {ks=k esa Ldwy]
diversified business activities with a huge shareholder vLirky] LVsfM;e bR;kfn dk fuekZ.k djkuk] rkfd turk dk
base. The company is continuously expanding and
generating employment. The company, in its expansion
vfo'okl nwj gks ldsA
and diversification programme, decides to establish a z LFkkuh; yksxksa dks ;g Hkjkslk fnykuk fd mUgsa Hkh cM+s iSekus ij
new plant at Vikaspuri, an area which is underdeveloped. jks”kxkj feysxk rFkk blls lacafèkr dk;ZØe ;k laf{kIr Vsªfuax dh
The new plant is designed to use energy O;oLFkk djukA

656
 z tc LFkkuh; yksxksa dks ;g fo'okl gks tk,xk fd ;g la;a=k muds mÙkj% vDlj tfVy dkuwuh izfØ;kvksa ds dkj.k Hkkjr esa dksbZ
fgr esa gS rks LFkkuh; thou&'kSyh esa ifjorZu tSlh leL;k,¡ u;k O;olk; vkjaHk djuk vR;fèkd dfBu gks tkrk gSA ,d rks ;g
Lo;aeso lekIr gks tk,axhA le; lkè; gksrk gS rFkk nwljs bls iwjk djus ds fy;s ?kwl Hkh nsuh
eq>s iwjk fo'okl gS fd mi;qZDr lq>ko lac¼ pqukSrh ls fuiVus iM+rh gSA ;g nksgjh ekj yksxksa dks gRkksRlkfgr djrh gSA bl izfØ;k
esa dkjxj gksaxsA dks vklku cukuk gksxk rFkk dkuwuh vkSipkfjdrkvksa dks vuqfpr ykHk
ysus ;k xyr rjhds viukus ls jksdus rd lhfer djuk gksxkA bl
iz'u% ljLorh ;w-,l-,- esa lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh dh ,d liQy is'ksoj
n`f"Vdks.k dks ewrZ :i iznku djus ds fy;s eSa fuEukafdr lq>ko nw¡xk&
FkhA vius ns'k osQ fy;s oqQN djus dh jk"Vª&Hkkouk ls izsfjr
z dksbZ xyr rjhds ls O;olk; vkjaHk u dj ik,] blds fy;s
gksdj og okil Hkkjr vkbZA mlus xjhc xzkeh.k leqnk;
vko';d gS fd og viuk mís'; jkT; dh ,tsalh ds le{k
osQ fy;s ,d ikB'kkyk fuekZ.k osQ fy;s ,d tSls fopkjksa lR;kfir djsA ¯drq ;g izfØ;k vklku gksuh pkfg;sA mnkgj.k ds
okys oqQN fe=kksa osQ lkFk feydj ,d xSj&ljdkjh laxBu fy;s ^,dy lR;kiu f[kM+dh* LFkfkir gks rks vkSipkfjdrk,¡ iwjh
cuk;kA djus ds fy;s vyx&vyx foHkkxksa ds pDdj u yxkus iM+sA
ikB'kkyk dk y{; ukeek=k dh ykxr ij mPp Lrjh; z blds fy;s iqjkus o vizklafxd dkuwuksa dks [kRe djuk gksxkA Je
vkèkqfud f'k{kk iznku djuk FkkA mlus tYnh gh ik;k fd dkuwu dks vfèkd yphyk rFkk vkèkqfud lanHkks± ds vuq:i djuk
mls dbZ ljdkjh ,tsafl;ksa ls vuqefr ysuh gksxhA fu;e ,oa gksxkA
izfØ;k,¡ dkiQh vLi"V ,oa tfVy FkhaA vuko';d nsfj;ksa] z ^lq'kklu* (Good Governance) ds rgr iwjh O;oLFkk dks ikjn'khZ
vfèkdkfj;ksa dh dBksj izo`fÙk ,oa ?kwl dh yxkrkj ekax ls cuk;k tk, rFkk foosdkèkhu 'kfDr;ksa dks lhfer fd;k tk,A blls
og lcls ”;knk grksRlkfgr gqbZA mlosQ ,oa ml tSls nwljksa Hkz"Vkpkj dh leL;k ij jksd yxsxhA
osQ vuqHko us yksxksa dks lkekftd lsok ifj;kstukvksa dks z ^bZ&xous±l* ds rgr dkuwuh izfØ;k dks vkWuykbu fd;k tk,]
ysus ls jksdk gqvk gSA rkfd izfØ;k loZlqyHk o vfèkd lgt gksA
LoSfPNd lkekftd dk;Z ij ljdkjh fu;a=k.k osQ mik; z bl lacaèk esa lcls cM+h leL;k gS& vR;fèkd le; yxukA mnkgj.k

vko';d gSaA ijarq bUgsa ckè;dkjh ;k Hkz"V :i esa iz;ksx esa ds fy;s Hkkjr esa ^fuekZ.k ijfeV* (Construction Permit) izkIr djus
ugha fy;k tkuk pkfg;sA vki D;k mik; ;g lqfuf'pr ds fy;s mi&izfØ;kvksa dk ikyu djuk iM+rk gS rFkk blesa 196
djus osQ fy;s lq>k,axs fd ftlls vko';d fu;a=k.k osQ fnuksa dk le; yxrk gS vkSj og Hkh dbZ ckj le; ls ugha gks ikrkA
z izfØ;k dks le;c¼ djus ds fy;s bZ&flfVtu pkVZj* ds rgr gj
lkFk usd bjknksa okys bZekunkj XkSj&ljdkjh laxBu osQ iz;klksa
esa ckèkk ugha vk,\  dk;Z dh le;kofèk r; djuh gksxh rFkk ;g le;kofèk vfèkdre
o vrk£dd u gksdj lraqfyr gksA
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
Saraswati was a successful IT professional in USA. bl izdkj mi;qZDr lq>koksa ds rgr ;fn iz'kklu dks lg;ksxh cuk
Moved by the patriotic sense of doing something for the fn;k tk, rks bZekunkj iz;kldÙkkZvksa dks dksbZ fnDdr Hkh ugha vk,xh
country she returned to India. Together with some other rFkk vuqfpr lkèkudÙkkZvksa ij i;kZIr fu;a=k.k Hkh LFkkfir gks tk,xkA
like-minded friends, she formed an NGO to build a
school for a poor rural community. 2015
The objective of the school was to provide the best iz'u% ,d futh daiuh viuh n{krk] ikjnf'kZrk vkSj deZpkjh
quality modern education at a nominal cost. She soon dY;k.k ds fy;s fo[;kr gSA ;|fi daiuh dk ekfyd ,d
discovered that she has to seek permission from a
futh O;fDr gS] rFkkfi mldk ,d lgdkfjrk okyk vkpj.k
number of Government agencies. The rules and
procedures were quite confusing and cumbersome. gS] tgk¡ deZpkjh LokfeRo dh Hkkouk j[krs gSaA daiuh esa
What frustrated her most was the delays, callous yxHkx 700 dkfeZd fu;qDr gSa vkSj mUgksaus LosPNkiwoZd la?k
attitude of officials and constant demand for bribes. Her u cukus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA
experience and the experience of many other like her vpkud ,d fnu lqcg ,d jktuhfrd ikVhZ ds 40 vkneh
has deterred people from taking up social service
”kcjnLrh iSQDVªh esa ?kql vk, vkSj iSQDVªh esa ukSdjh ekaxus
projects.
yxsA mUgksaus çcaèku vkSj deZpkfj;ksa dks èkefd;k¡ vkSj
A measure of Government control over voluntary social
work is necessary. But it should not be exercised in a
xkfy;k¡ Hkh nhaA deZpkfj;ksa dk eukscy fxjkA ;g Li"V Fkk
coercive or corrupt manner. What measures can you fd tks yksx ”kcjnLrh ?kql vk, Fks] os daiuh ds osru&i=kd
suggest to ensure that due control is exercised but well esa gksuk pkgrs Fks vkSj lkFk&gh&lkFk ikVhZ ds Lo;alsod@
meaning, honest NGO efforts are not thwarted? lnL; cus jguk pkgrs FksA
657
 daiuh bZekunkjh ds mPp ekudksa dks cuk, j[krh gS vkSj z cSBd esa daiuh esa dk;Z djus ds fy;s okafNr dq'kyrk dks ”kkfgj
flfoy ç'kklu] ftleas dkuwu çorZu vfHkdj.k Hkh 'kkfey d:¡xkA fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa eSa ;g lqfuf'pr d:¡xk fd ekeyk
gS] dk dksbZ vuqxgz ugha djrhA bl çdkj ds çlax lkoZtfud vkt ds fy;s Vy tk,A
{ks=kd esa Hkh ?kVrs gSaA z lacafèkr izn'kZu dh lwpuk iqfyl] ljdkj ,oa lacafèkr ikVhZ ds
(a) eku yhft;s fd vki daiuh ds eq[; dk;Zdkjh vfèkdkjh mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa dks nw¡xkA
(lh-bZ-vks-) gSaA vki minzoh HkhM+ ds xsV ds vanj z Hkfo"; esa bl izdkj ds izn'kZu@?ksjko ls cpus ds fy;s ljdkj ls
tcju ?kql vkus vkSj daiuh ifjlj ds Hkhrj èkjuk nsus lqj{kk cy dh ekax d:¡xkA
dh rkjh[k dks çpaM fLFkfr esa fu"çHkkou ds fy;s D;k
mÙkj % (b) bl eqís ds nh?kZdkyhu lekèkku ds fy;s eSa ukSdjh ekaxus
djsaxs\
okys O;fDr;ksa dks ;g lykg nw¡xk fd tc daiuh esa deZpkfj;ksa dh
(b) bl ekeys esa pfpZr eqís dk nh?kZdkyhu lekèkku D;k
gks ldrk gS\ HkrhZ izfØ;k izkjaHk gks rks os vkosnu dj ldrs gSaA mUgsa crkmQ¡xk fd
(c) çR;sd lekèkku@dkjZokbZ dk] ftldks vki lq>k,axs]
daiuh esa HkrhZ izfØ;k iw.kZr% fu"i{k ,oa oLrqfu"B ekudksa ij vkèkkfjr gSA
(lh-bZ-vks- ds rkSj ij)] deZpkfj;ksa ij vkSj deZpkfj;ksa vr% ;fn os visf{kr ;ksX;rk j[krs gSa rks mudk p;u vo'; fd;k tk,xkA
ds fu"iknu ij ldkjkRed vkSj udkjkRed çHkko mÙkj % (c) bl lanHkZ esa ,d dkjZokbZ ;g gks ldrh gS fd eSa bu
iM+sxkA vius }kjk lq>kbZ xbZ dkjZokb;ksa esa ls çR;sd ds 40 O;fDr;ksa dks daiuh esa fu;qDr dj yw¡xk] rkfd iSQDVªh esa buds }kjk
ifj.kkeksa dk fo'ys"k.k dhft;sA (250 'kCn] 20 vad) laHkkfor minzo ls cpk tk ldsA ¯drq bldk udkjkRed izHkko ;g
A private company is known for its efficiency, gksxk fd daiuh ds deZpkfj;ksa eas ,d xyr lans'k tk,xk fd daiuh
transparency and employee welfare. The company
though owned by a private individual has a cooperative
dk izcaèku voSèk ncko ds le{k >qd x;k gSA blls u dsoy mudk
character where employees feel a sense of ownership. eukscy fxjsxk] cfYd daiuh izcaèku ds lEeku esa Hkh deh vk,xh]
The company employs nearly 700 personnel and they tks daiuh dh n{krk ,oa dk;Z fu"iknu ij udkjkRed çHkko MkysxkA
have voluntarily decided not to form union.
fcanq (b) esa of.kZr fodYi pquus dk iQk;nk ;g gksxk fd daiuh
One day suddenly in the morning, about 40 men
belonging to political party gate crashed into the factory dks ,sls deZpkfj;ksa ds vuko';d cks> ls cpk;k tk ldsxk] ftudh
demanding jobs in the factory. They threatened the ;ksX;rk izekf.kr ugha gSA blds vykok blls u dsoy daiuh esa dk;Zjr
management and employees, and also used foul deZpkfj;ksa dk eukscy c<+sxk] cfYd mUgsa ;g Hkh fo'okl gksxk fd
language. The employees feel demoralized. It was clear
daiuh fdlh vuSfrd ncko esa vkdj bZekunkjh ds mPp ekudksa ls
that those people who gate crashed wanted to be on the
payroll of the company as well as continue as the le>kSrk ugha djsxhA nwljk] ;fn bu O;fDr;ksa esa ls dksbZ Hkh daiuh esa
volunteers/members of the party. ukSdjh ikus dh ;ksX;rk j[krk gS rks mls daiuh eas jks”kxkj vo'; iznku
The company maintains high standards in integrity and fd;k tk,xkA fdlh fof'k"V fopkjèkkjk ls lacaèk j[kus vFkok fdlh
does not extend favours to civil administration that also
jktuhfrd ikVhZ ds Lo;alsod gksus ds dkj.k fdlh O;fDr dks ukSdjh
includes law enforcement agency. Such incidents occur
in public sector also. u nsuk mfpr ugha gSA gk¡] ;g vo'; mfpr gS fd fdlh Hkh xSj&dkuwuh
(a) Assume you are the CEO of the company. What ncko ds vkèkkj ij jks”kxkj iznku ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
would you do to diffuse the volatile situation on the iz'u% vki ,d iapk;r ds ljiap gSaA vkids {ks=k esa ljdkj }kjk
date of gate crashing with the violent mob sitting
inside the company premises? pyk;k tk jgk ,d çkbejh Ldwy gSA Ldwy esa mifLFkr gksus
(b) What can be the long term solution to the issue okys cPpksa dks eè;kÉ Hkkstu (feM&Ms ehy) fn;k tkrk
discussed in the case? gSA gsMekLVj us vc Hkkstu rS;kj djus ds fy;s ,d u;k
(c) Every solution/action that you suggest will have a jlksb;k fu;qDr dj fn;k gSA ijarq tc ;g irk pyk fd
negative and a positive impact on you (as CEO), the
jlksb;k nfyr leqnk; dk gS] mPp tkfr;ksa ds cPpksa esa ls
employees and the performance of the employees.
Analyze the consequences of each of your suggested yxHkx vkèkksa dks muds ek¡&cki Hkkstu djus dh btk”kr
actions. ugha nsrs gSaA iQyLo:i Ldwy ds cPpksa dh mifLFkfr rs”kh
mÙkj % (a) daiuh dk eq[; dk;Zdkjh vfèkdkjh gksrs gq, eSa ls ?kV xbZA blds ifj.kkeLo:i eè;kÉ Hkkstu dh ;kstuk
fuEufyf[kr dk;Z d:¡xk& dks lekIr djus vkSj mlds ckn vè;kiu LVkiQ dks gVkus
z ekeys ds rRdky fuLrkj.k ds fy;s eSa minzfo;ksa ls viuk usrk vkSj ckn esa Ldwy dks can dj nsus dh laHkkouk iSnk gks
Hkstus dh xq”kkfj'k d:¡xk ,oa mlds lkFk cSBd d:¡xkA xbZA

658
 (a) bl la?k"kZ ij dkcw ikus vkSj lgh ,oa lq[kn okrkoj.k z nfyr dY;k.k ls lacafèkr vfèkdkjh dks gLr{ksi djrs gq, ekeys
cukus dh dqN lkè; j.kuhfr;ksa ij ppkZ dhft;sA dks fuiVkus dh mEehn dh tk ldrh gSA
(b) ,sls ifjorZuksa dks Lohdkj djus ds fy;s ldkjkRed z {ks=k ds izfrf"Br ,oa izHkqRo laiUu O;fDr;ksa dks vihy djds bl
lkekftd lq[kn okrkoj.k cukus gsrq fofHkUu lkekftd ekeys esa n[ky nsuk pkfg;sA ,slk djus ls bldk loZdkfyd gy
[kaMksa vkSj vfHkdj.kksa ds D;k dÙkZO; gksus pkfg;s\ tYn fudy ldsxkA
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) iz'u% ,d çeq[k Hks"kftd daiuh dh vuqlaèkku ,oa fodkl
You are the Sarpanch of a Panchayat. There is a primary
ç;ksx'kkyk esa dk;Zjr ,d oSKkfud us [kkstk fd daiuh dh
school run by the government in your area. Midday
meals are provided to children attending the school. The lokZfèkd fcØh gksus okyh i'kqfpfdRldh; nokb;ksa esa ls
headmaster has now appointed a new cook in the school ,d nokbZ B esa orZeku esa vlkè; fyoj jksx] tks tutkrh;
to prepare the meals. However, when it is found that {ks=kksa esa iQSyk gqvk gS] dk bykt djus dh laHkkO;rk gS]
cook is from Dalit community, almost half of the ijarq ekuoksa ds fy;s mi;qDr :ikarj dk fodkl djus ds
children belonging to higher castes are not allowed to
take meals by their parents. Consequently the fy;s vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl dh ”k:jr Fkh] ftlesa 50
attendance in the schools falls sharply. djksM+ #i;s rd dk [kpZ vk ldrk FkkA bldh laHkkouk
This could result in the possibility of discontinuation of de Fkh fd daiuh viuh ykxr dks olwy dj ik,xh]
midday meal scheme, thereafter of teaching staff and D;ksafd jksx dsoy fuèkZurkxzLr {ks=k esa iSQyk gqvk Fkk]
subsequent closing down the school. ftldk ck”kkj cgqr FkksM+k FkkA ;fn vki lh-bZ-vks- gksrs rks&
(a) Discuss some feasible strategies to overcome the
conflict and to create right ambience. (a) ftu fofHkUu dkjZokb;ksa dks vki dj ldrs Fks] mudh
(b) What should be the responsibilities of different social igpku dhft;s_
segments and agencies to create positive social (b) viuh çR;sd dkjZokbZ ds i{k&foi{k dk ewY;kadu
ambience for accepting such changes? dhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
mÙkj % (a) bl leL;k dks y?kqdky ,oa nh?kZdky ds fy;s gy One of the scientists working in the R&D laboratory of
djus lacaèkh j.kuhfr;k¡ vyx&vyx gSaA a major pharmaceutical company discovers that one of
the company’s best selling veterinary drugs, B has the
y?kqdky ds fy;s gy djus lacaèkh j.kuhfr potential to cure a currently incurable liver disease
which is prevalent in tribal areas. However, developing
z nfyr leqnk; ds jlksb;s dks dqN fnuksa ds fy;s vodk'k ij tkus
a variant of the drug suitable for human being entailed
dks dgw¡xk rFkk vLFkk;h rkSj ij fdlh vU; jlksb;s dks j[kw¡xkA a lot of research and development having a huge
z vU; cPps tks Ldwy ugha vk jgs gSa] mUgsa lans'k fHktokmQ¡xk fd expenditure to the extent of Rs. 50 crores. It was unlikely
muds fy;s nwljs jlksb;s dh O;oLFkk dj nh xbZ gSA that company would recover the costs as the disease was
rampant only in poverty stricken areas having very little
z laHkzkar yksxksa dh lgk;rk ls vè;kiu LVkiQ dks le>k&cq>kdj
market otherwise. If you were the CEO, then–
vè;;u dk;Z tkjh djus dk vuqjksèk d:¡xkA (a) Identify the various actions that you could take;
nh?kZdkfyd j.kuhfr (b) Evaluate the pros and cons of each of your actions.
z fofHkUu mnkgj.kksa }kjk ;g lkfcr djus dk iz;kl d:¡xk fd mÙkj % (a) ;fn eSa lh-bZ-vks- gksrk rks esjs lkeus dkjZokbZ ds fy;s
orZeku esa tkfrxr HksnHkko djuk lgh ugha gSA fuEufyf[kr fodYi gksrs&
z pw¡fd nfyr cfg"dkj ls lacafèkr i{k :f<+oknh fdLe dk gksxk] z eSa 'kksèk ,oa fodkl ds fy;s daiuh ds iQaM ls iSls nsdj ml nok
,sls esa vusd èkkfeZd xzaFkksa] ;Fkk& jkek;.k vkfn ls lcjh vkfn ds fuekZ.k dks izksRlkfgr djrkA
ds mnkgj.k nsrs gq, mudh eukso`fÙk cnyus dk iz;kl d:¡xkA z eSa ljdkj ls vuqnku dh ekax djrs gq, isVsaV lacaèkh vfèkdkj dh
z nfyr leqnk; ds dqN egkiq#"kksa dk mnkgj.k nsrs gq, nfyr jlksb;s ekax djrkA
ls lcds fy;s [kkuk idkus dh vuqefr yw¡xkA z eSa fdlh NGO ;k vU; laxBuksa ls enn ysdj nok ds 'kksèk ,oa
mÙkj % (b) lekt ds lHkh oxks± dks viuh f”kEesnkjh mBkrs gq, fodkl dk dk;Z 'kq: djokrkA
èkeZxFaz kksa dk lgh vFkZ le>uk pkfg;s D;ksfa d NqvkNwr lHkh èkeks± esa oftZr mÙkj % (b) fodYi 1% bl fodYi ls fuf'pr :i ls xjhcksa dks
gSA ,sls esa yksxksa dh euksof` Ùk ds fuèkkZj.k esa ;s dkjd vfr egÙoiw.kZ gS&a ykHk feysxk] ijarq daiuh ds mQij vkfFkZd cks> Hkh iM+sxkA ,sls esa
z {ks=k ds xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa dh enn ls ;g iz;kl fd;k tkuk lkjh f”kEesnkjh ,d ykHkdkjh laxBu ds f”kEes ysuk le>nkjh Hkjk
pkfg;s fd ;g ekeyk ldkjkRed ekgkSy esa lqy> tk,A dne ugha gks ldrkA
659
 fodYi 2% ljdkj dk dk;Z tu dY;k.kkFkZ gksrk gSA eSa ljdkj è;ku ugha fn;k x;k gSA ijarq Hkw[kaM ds vfèkxzg.k ds le;
ds mPp Lrjh; vfèkdkfj;ksa dks bl fLFkfr ls voxr djkÅ¡axkA lkFk ljiap vkids iwokZfèkdkjh dk ,d fj'rsnkj FkkA leLr
gh bl nok ds cuus ds ckn gksus okys laHkkfor iQk;nksa dks Hkh crkÅ¡xkA dk;Z&laiknu dqN fufgr LokFkZ ds lkFk fd;k x;k çrhr
ljdkj ds fy;s bl izdkj ds ekeyksa esa fuos'k dks ysdj vkfFkZd gksrk gSA
lalkèkuksa dh deh ugha gksuh pkfg;sA lkFk gh eSa ml oSKkfud ds fy;s (d) ljksdkj j[kus okys i{kksa ds laHkkfor fufgr LokFkks± dh
lacafèkr vfèkdkj Hkh ljdkj ls lqfuf'pr djus dk vuqjksèk d:¡xkA lwph cukb;sA
blls ljdkj dks ml leqnk; fo'ks"k ds fy;s vU; tudY;k.k ([k) vkidks miyCèk dkjZokbZ ds dqN fodYi uhps fn;s x,
ifj;kstukvksa ij vkfFkZd dVkSrh djuh iM+ ldrh gSA gSaA çR;sd fodYi ds xq.kksa&voxq.kksa ij ppkZ dhft;s&
fodYi 3% ns'k esa fofHkUu xSj&ljdkjh laxBu ,oa oSf'od Lrj (i) vki ofj"B vfèkdkjh ds nkSjs dh çrh{kk dj ldrs gSa
ij Hkh fofHkUu vykHkdkjh laxBu LokLF; ds {ks=k esa dkiQh iSls nsrs vkSj mldks fu.kZ; djus nsrs gSaA
gSaA eSa dqN ,sls laxBuksa ls laidZ djus dh dksf'k'k d:¡xkA oSKkfud (ii) vki fyf[kr :i esa ;k iQksu ij mldh lykg ys
dh [kkst dks Li"V djrs gq, mlds isVsaV lacaèkh vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk ldrs gSaA
djrs gq, eSa bl izdkj ds vykHkdkjh laxBuksa ls vkfFkZd lalkèkuksa dk (iii) vki vius iwokZfèkdkjh@lgdfeZ;ksa ls ijke'kZ dj ldrs

bar”kke d:¡xkA bu lHkh laxBuksa esa foÙk dh O;oLFkk yacs le; ds gSa vkSj mlds ckn D;k djuk gS] bl ckr dk iSQlyk
fy;s ugha gksrhA laHko gS fd ;g ifj;kstuk chp esa gh jksd nsuh iM+sA dj ldrs gSaA
(iv) vki ekywe dj ldrs gSa fd D;k ,o”k esa dksbZ nwljk
,sls esa ;g fodYi mruk vPNk lkfcr ugha gksxkA
Hkw[kaM çkIr fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj fiQj ,d
iz'u% vki ,d fo'ks"k foHkkx esa f”kyk ç'kklu ds 'kh"kkZfèkdkjh
loZlekos'kh fyf[kr fjiksVZ Hkst ldrs gSaA
gSaA vkidk ofj"B vfèkdkjh vkidks jkT; eq[;ky; ls iQksu D;k vki dksbZ vU; fodYi mfpr rdks± ds lkFk lq>k
djrk gS vkSj vkidks dgrk gS fd jkeiqj xk¡o esa ,d ldrs gSa  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
Hkw[kaM ij Ldwy ds fy;s ,d Hkou dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkuk You are heading a district administration in a particular

gSA nkSjs dh le;koyh cuk nh tkrh gS] ftlds nkSjku og department. Your senior officer calls you from the State
eq[; bathfu;j vkSj ofj"B okLrqdkj ds lkFk LFky dk nkSjk Headquarters and tells you that a plot in Rampur village
is to have a building constructed on it for a school. A
djsxkA og pkgrk gS fd vki mlls lacafèkr lHkh dkx”kkrksa visit is scheduled during which he will visit the site along
dh tk¡p dj ysa vkSj lqfuf'pr dj ysa fd nkSjs dh O;oLFkk with the chief engineer and the senior architect. He
mfpr :i ls dh xbZ gSA vki ml iQkby dks tk¡prs gSa] wants you to check out all the papers relating to it and
ensure that the visit is properly arranged. You examine
tks vkids foHkkx esa dk;ZHkkj laHkkyus ls iwoZ dh gSA Hkw[kaM
the file which relates to the period before you joined the
dks LFkkuh; iapk;r ls ukeek=k dh ykxr ij mikftZr fd;k department. The land was acquired from the local
x;k Fkk vkSj dkx”kkr n'kkZrs gSa fd ftu rhu çkfèkdkfj;ksa Panchayat at a nominal cost and the papers show that
dks Hkw[kaM dh mi;qDrrk dk çek.ki=k nsuk gksrk gS] muesa clearance certificates are available from the two of the
three authorities who have to certify the site’s suitability.
ls nks ds fn;s gq, vuqefr çek.ki=k miyCèk gSaA okLrqfon~ There is no certification by the architect available on
dk dksbZ çek.ki=k iQkby esa miyCèk ugha gSA vki tSlk fd file. You decide to visit Rampur to ensure that all is in
iQkby ij dgk x;k gS fd lc dqN Bhd gkyr esa gS] ;g the order as stated on file. When you visit Rampur, you
find that the plot under reference is a part of Thakurgarh
lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s jkeiqj tkus dk fu.kZ; ys ysrs gSaA
fort and that the walls, ramparts, etc., are running
tc vki jkeiqj tkrs gSa rc vki ns[krs gSa fd mYys[k ds across it. The fort is well away from the main village,
vèkhu Hkw[kaM Bkdqjx<+ fdys dk ,d Hkkx gS vkSj fdys therefore a school here will be a serious inconvenience
dh nhokjsa] ijdksVs vkfn mlds vkj&ikj fcNs gq, gSaA fdyk for the children. However, the area near the village has
potential to expand into a larger residential area. The
eq[; xk¡o ls dkiQh nwj gS] blfy;s ogk¡ ij Ldwy] cPpksa development charges on the existing plot, at the fort,
ds fy;s xaHkhj vlqfoèkk gksxh] ijarq xk¡o ds u”knhd ds will be very high and question of heritage site has not
{ks=k ds foLrkj dk ,d cM+s vkoklh; ifjlj esa ifjofrZr been addressed. Moreover, the Sarpanch, at the time of
acquisition of the land, was a relative of your predecessor.
gksus dh laHkkouk gSA fdys esa orZeku Hkw[kaM ij fodkl
The whole transaction appears to have been done with
çHkkj vR;fèkd gksaxs vkSj fojklr LFky ds ç'u dh vksj some vested interest.

660
 (a) List the likely vested interest of the concerned gky esa vkidks ,d f”kys ds f”kyk fodkl vfèkdkjh ds rkSj ij
parties. fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSA mlds ckn tYn gh vkius ik;k fd vkids f”kys
(b) Some of the options for action available to you are ds xzkeh.k bykdksa esa yM+fd;ksa dks LowQy Hkstus ds eqís ij dkiQh
listed below. Discuss the merits and demerits of each
of the options:
ruko gSA
(i) You can await the visit of the superior officer and iz'u% xk¡o ds cM+s eglwl djrs gSa fd vusd leL;k,¡ iSnk gks
let him take a decision. xbZ gSa] D;ksafd yM+fd;ksa dks i<+k;k tk jgk gS vkSj os ?kj
(ii) You can seek his advice in writing or on phone. ds lqjf{kr okrkoj.k ds ckgj dne j[k jgh gSaA mudk
(iii) You can consult your predecessor/colleagues, etc., fopkj ;g gS fd yM+fd;ksa dh U;wure f'k{kk ds lkFk tYnh
and then decide what to do.
ls 'kknh dj nh tkuh pkfg;sA f'k{kk ds ckn yM+fd;k¡
(iv) You can find out if any alternate plot can be got in
exchange and then send a comprehensive written ukSdjh ds fy;s Hkh Li¼kZ dj jgh gSa] tks ijaijk ls yM+dksa
report. dk vuU; {ks=k jgk gS] vkSj iq#"kksa esa csjks”kxkjh esa o`f¼
Can you suggest any other option with proper dj jgh gSaA
justification?
;qok ih<+h eglwl djrh gS fd orZeku ;qx esa yM+fd;ksa dks
mÙkj % (a) Ldwy cuus dh laHkkouk okyk {ks=k vkoklh; ifjlj f'k{kk vkSj jks”kxkj rFkk thou&fuokZg ds vU; lkèkuksa ds
ds fy;s mi;qDr gSA vr% laHko gS fd ljiap us tku&cw>dj Ldwy leku volj izkIr gksus pkfg;sA leLr bykdk o;kso`¼ksa
ifjlj ds fy;s jkex<+ ds fdys dk p;u fd;k gksA vkSj ;qokvksa ds chp rFkk mlls vkxs nksuksa ihf<+;ksa esa
z okLrqfon~ dk vukifÙk izek.ki=k ugha gksus ds ckotwn bldks Ldwy L=kh&iq#"kksa ds chp foHkkftr gSA vkidks irk pyrk gS fd
ds fy;s fpfÉr fd;k tkuk bl ckr dh iqf"V djrk gS fd lacafèkr iapk;r ;k vU; fudk;ksa esa ;k O;Lr pkSjkgksa ij Hkh] bl
vfèkdkjh us viuk nkf;Ro fu"i{krkiw.kZ ugha fuHkk;kA eqís ij xjekxje okn&fookn gks jgk gSA
z Ldwy dh fpfÉr txg cPpksa dh ”k:jr ds vuq:i ugha gSA vr% ,d fnu vkidks lwpuk feyrh gS fd ,d vfiz; ?kVuk
bls Ldwy ds fy;s u fn;k tkuk gh yksdfgr esa gksxkA gqbZ gSA oqQN yM+fd;ksa ds lkFk NsM+[kkuh dh xbZ] tc os
mÙkj % (b) LowQy ds jkLrs esa FkhaA bl ?kVuk ds iQyLo:i dbZ lkekftd
(i) ofj"B vfèkdkjh ds nkSjk djus dh izrh{kk djus vkSj mUgsa lewgksa ds chp >xM+s gq, vkSj dkuwu rFkk O;oLFkk dh
Lo;a fu.kZ; djus ls eSa viuh f”kEesnkjh ls rks cp tkÅ¡xk] leL;k iSnk gks xbZA xjekxje okn&fookn ds ckn cM+s&cw<+ksa
ijarq ,slk djuk tufgr esa ugha gksxkA us yM+fd;ksa dks LowQy tkus dh vuqefr u nsus vkSj tks
ifjokj muds gqDe dk ikyu ugha djrs gSa] ,sls lHkh ifjokjksa
;fn eSa mUgsa oLrqfLFkfr ls voxr djk nw¡ rks laHko gS fd
dk lkekftd cfg"dkj djus dk la;qDr fu.kZ; ys fy;kA
og nkSjk u djsa] ,sls esa gks ldrk gS ml {ks=k esa ,d Ldwy
(a) yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk esa O;oèkku Mkys fcuk mudh lqj{kk
dk fuekZ.k vfuf'pr dky ds fy;s Vy tk,A
dks lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s vki D;k dne mBk,axs\
(ii) lykg ysus ls fu.kZ; Rofjr gks tk,xk] ijarq eSa lcwr ds rkSj
(b) ihf<+;ksa ds chp lacaèkksa esa lejlrk lqfuf'pr djus ds
ij dksbZ Bksl nLrkos”k izLrqr ugha dj ikm¡QxkA
fy;s vki xk¡o ds o;kso`¼ksa dh fir`ra=kkRed vfHko`fÙk
(iii) iwoZ lgdfeZ;ksa ls laidZ djus ls ekeys dks vPNh rjg ls
dk fdl izdkj izcaèku dk vkSj <kyus dk dk;Z djsaxs\
le>us esa enn feysxh] ijarq bl izfØ;k esa le; ”;knk  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
yxsxk ,oa esjh fu.kZ; {kerk ij Hkh iz'ufpÉ yxsxkA You are recently posted as district development officer
(iv) nwljk Hkw[kaM izkIr gksus lacaèkh fjiksVZ ls laHko gS ;g leL;k of a district. Shortly thereafter you found that there is
lqy> tk, D;ksafd orZeku LFkku ij fo|ky; dk fuekZ.k considerable tension in the rural areas of your district
on the issue of sending girls to schools.
ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA foLr`r fjiksVZ Hkstus ls bl eqís ds
The elders of the village feel that many problems have
gj igyw ij ofj"B ukxfjdksa ds ewY;kadu esa enn feysxhA come up because girls are being educated and they are
leL;k ds lekèkku esa ekud lapkyu çfØ;k dk ikyu stepping out of the safe environment of the household.
gksxk rFkk Ldwy dk IykWV xk¡o ds ikl gksus ls cPpksa dks They are the view that the girls should be quickly
married off with minimum education. The girls are also
iQk;nk gksxkA eSa vius dÙkZO; dk dq'kyrkiwoZd fuoZgu
competing for jobs after education, which have
d:¡xkA laHko gS fd leL;k dk lekèkku dqN nsjh ls gksA traditionally remained in boys’ exclusive domain,
mijksDr pkjksa fodYiksa esa ls eSa pkSFks fodYi dks pquw¡xk D;ksafd adding to unemployment amongs”k male population.
;g bl eqís dks ,d lexz rjhds ls gy djrk gSA The younger generation feels that in the present era,

661
 girls should have equal opportunities for education and tgk¡ rd lkekftd cfg"dkj dh ckr gS rks blds fy;s eSa xk¡o
employment, and other means of livelihood. The entire ds dqN le>nkj rFkk çHkko'kkyh yksxksa] tks yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk dks
locality is divided between the elders and younger lot
and further sub–divided between sexes in both
”k:jh ekurs gksa] xzke iapk;r ds vfèkdkfj;ksa] Ldwy ds f'k{kdksa dks
generations. You come to know that in Panchayat or in bl ckr ds fy;s jk”kh djus dh dksf'k'k d:¡xk fd os xk¡o okyksa dks
other local bodies or even in busy crossroads, the issue le>k,¡ fd bl ekeys esa lkekftd cfg"dkj dh ckr xyr gSA muds
is being acrimoniously debated. le>kus dk xk¡o okyksa ij fuf'pr gh vlj iM+sxkA
One day you are informed that an unpleasant incident blds ckn Hkh ;fn fLFkfr ugha lqèkjrh gS rks cfg"dkj dh ckr
has taken place. Some girls were molested, when they
were en route to schools. The incident led to clashes
djus okys yksxkas dks fpfÉr d:¡xk rFkk mu ij vko';d dkjZokbZ
between several groups and a law and order problem d:¡xkA
has arisen. The elder after heated discussion have taken mÙkj % (b) xk¡o ds o;kso`¼ksa dh fir`lÙkkRed vfHko`fÙk çcafèkr
a joint decision not to allow girls to go to school and to djus ds fy;s eSa fuEukafdr dne mBkšxk&
socially boycott all such families, which do not follow
z ih<+h varjky ds dkj.k ^ewY;ksa esa varj* gks tkuk LokHkkfod gh
their dictate.
(a) What steps would you take to ensure girls’ safety gSA blfy;s lcls igys eSa mUgsa crkÅ¡xk fd yM+fd;ksa dks f'k{kk
without disrupting their education? ls oafpr djuk u dsoy dkuwu fo#¼] cfYd vuSfrd Hkh gSA
(b) How would you manage and mould patriarchic z vfHko`fÙk cnyus ds fy;s lwpukvksa dh i;kZIr miyCèkrk vko';d
attitude of the village elders to ensure harmony in gksrh gSA fofHkUu dgkfu;ksa vkSj pyfp=kksa ds ekè;e ls crkÅ¡xk
the inter- generational relations?
fd dSls yM+fd;k¡ gj {ks=k esa vkxs c<+ jgh gSaA dqN liQy
mÙkj% ,d f”kyk fodkl vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs esjk dÙkZO; gS efgykvksa ds mnkgj.k Hkh nw¡xkA mUgsa crkÅ¡xk fd ,slk u djus ls
fd {ks=k esa dkuwu O;oLFkk cgky gks rFkk fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa yM+fd;ksa mudk {ks=k fiNM+rk pyk tk,xkA
dks viuh lqj{kk o i<+kbZ ls le>kSrk u djuk iM+sA orZeku çlax esa
z vius {ks=k dh fdlh liQy efgyk ls fuosnu d:¡xk fd og L=kh
yM+fd;ksa dh i<+kbZ rHkh vckfèkr jg ldrh gS] tc lqj{kk ds i;kZIr
f'k{kk ds {ks=k esa xk¡o okyksa dks tkx:d djsa D;ksafd ilqZ,'ku
bar”kke dj fn;s tk,¡A ;g O;oLFkk vfèkd liQy rc gks ldrh gS
vfHko`fÙk cnyus esa lgk;d gksrk gSA
tc LFkkuh; fuokfl;ksa esa bl ckr dks ysdj vke lgefr gks tk, fd
z mUgsa le>kus dk ç;kl d:¡xk fd tks f'k{kk o jks”kxkj yM+dksa
yM+fd;ksa dk i<+uk&fy[kuk vkSj jks”kxkj ikuk ,d ^lkekU;* ckr gSA
ds fy;s vPNk gS] og Hkyk yM+fd;ksa ds fy;s cqjk dSls gks ldrk
mÙkj % (a) yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk esa O;oèkku Mkys fcuk mudh lqj{kk
gS! vxj bldk mYVk gks tk, rks mUgsa dgw¡xk fd leL;k njvly
lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s eSa fuEufyf[kr dne mBkšxk&
yM+fd;ksa ds i<+us o jks”kxkj esa ugha] cfYd gekjh lksp esa gSA
z lcls igys eSa LFkkuh; Fkkukè;{k ls dgw¡xk fd og NsM+[kkuh dh
gkyk¡fd fir`lÙkkoknh tSlh ijaijkxr o e”kcwr vfHko`fÙk dks
?kVuk dh çkFkfedh ntZ djsa rFkk nksf"k;ksa ij Rofjr dkjZokbZ djsaA
vpkud ls cny ikuk laHko ugha gS] ¯drq eq>s fo'okl gS fd mi;qZDr
z eSa xk¡o okyksa ls ckr d:¡xk rFkk mUgsa lg;ksx djus dk fuosnu
mik; lekèkku dh fn'kk esa ,d e”kcwr ç;kl gks ldrs gSaA
d:¡xkA lkFk gh mUgsa ;g psrkouh Hkh nw¡xk fd yM+fd;ksa dks i<+us
ls jksdus rFkk NsM+[kkuh tSlh ?kVukvksa ds fo#¼ l[rh ls fuiVk 2014
tk,xkA iz'u% vktdy leLr fo'o esa vkfFkZd fodkl ij vfèkd ”kksj
z tc rd fLFkfr lkekU; ugha gks tkrh rc rd Ldwy vkus&tkus ds fn;k tk jgk gSA blds lkFk gh lkFk fodkl ds dkj.k iSnk
jkLrksa ij dqN flikfg;ksa dh M~;wVh yxk nw¡xkA lkFk gh yM+fd;ksa ls gksus okys i;kZoj.kh; {kj.k ds lacaèk esa fpark Hkh c<+ jgh
dgw¡xk fd dqN fnu os lewg esa Ldwy tk,¡ rFkk ”k:jr iM+us ij gSA vussdksa ckj gekjs lkeus fodkfld dk;Zdykiksa vkSj
vko';d çfrjksèk Hkh djsaA Fkkukè;{k ls dgw¡xk fd fujh{k.k i;kZoj.kh; xq.krk ds chp lhèkk fojksèk fn[kkbZ iM+rk gSA
djrs jgsaA fodkfld izØe dks jksd nsuk ;k mlesa dkV&Nk¡V dj nsuk
z mi;qZDr mik;ksa ls yM+fd;ksa dh lqj{kk rks lqfuf'pr gks tk,xh] Hkh lkè; ugha gS vkSj uk gh i;kZoj.k ds {kj.k dks c<+us
¯drq cgqr laHko gS fd vfHkHkkod lkekftd cfg"dkj rFkk nsuk mfpr gS] D;ksafd ;g rks gekjs lcds thou ds fy;s
NsM+[kkuh tSlh ?kVukvksa ds Hk; ls yM+fd;ksa dks Ldwy gh u HkstsaA gh [krjk gSA
bl pqukSrh ds lekèkku ds fy;s eSa fuEufyf[kr dne mBkÅ¡xk& ,slh dqN lkè; j.kuhfr;ksa ij ppkZ dhft;s] ftudks bl
eSa vfHkHkkodksa dks bl ckr ds fy;s vk'oLr d:¡xk fd lqj{kk }a} dk 'keu djus ds fy;s viuk;k tk ldrk gks vkSj tks
dh i;kZIr O;oLFkk dj nh xbZ gS rFkk ,slh vfç; ?kVuk dh iqujko`fÙk gesa èkkj.kh; (lLVsuscy) fodkl dh vksj ys tk ldrh
dh laHkkouk ux.; gSA gksaA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)

662
 Now-a-days, there is an increasing thrust on economic tc brus vfèkd yksx xyr lkèkuksa dks viuk jgs gSa
(ii)
development all around the globe. At the same time,
vkSj ra=k dks Hkkjh uqdlku igq¡pk jgs gSa] rc D;k iQdZ
there is also an increasing concern about environmental
degradation caused by development. Many a time, we iM+sxk ;fn dsoy dqN&,d yksx gh uSfrdrk dh ps"Vk
face a direct conflict between developmental activity djsa\ os vizHkkoh gh jgsaxs vkSj fuf'pr :i ls varr%
and environmental quality. It is neither feasible to stop fujk'k gks tk,axsA
or curtail the development process, nor it is advisable
to keep degrading the environment, as it threatens our (iii) ;fn ge uSfrd lksp&fopkj ds ckjs esa vfèkd craxM+
very survival. cuk,axs rks D;k blls ns'k dh vkfFkZd mUufr esa
Discuss some feasible strategies which could be adopted #dkoV ugha vk,xh\ vlfy;r esa mPp izfrLièkkZ ds
to eliminate this conflict and which could lead to
sustainable development. orZeku ;qx esa ge fodkl dh nkSM+ esa ihNs NwV tkus
mÙkj% ^èkkj.kh; fodkl* vkt dh egrh vko';drk gS] ftls dks lgu ugha dj ldrsA
Vkyk tkuk ?kkrd gksxkA fodkl cuke i;kZoj.k ds }a} dk lekèkku (iv) ;g rks le> vkrk gS fd Hkkjh vuSfrd rkSj&rjhdksa esa
bu j.kuhfr;ksa ls fd;k tk ldrk gS& gesa i¡Qluk ugha pkfg;s] ysfdu NksVs&eksVs migkjksa dks
z oSdfYid ÅtkZ lzksrksa rFkk rRlacaèkh midj.kksa ds fodkl ds fy;s Lohdkj djuk vkSj NksVh&eksVh rjiQnkfj;k¡ djuk lHkh
uokpkj dks çksRlkgu fn;k tk,A tSls&vxj lkSj&ÅtkZ ls okgu ds vfHkizsj.k esa o`f¼ dj nsrk gSA ;g ra=k dks vkSj Hkh
py lds rks csgrj gksxkA vfèkd lqpk# cuk nsrk gSA ,sls rkSj&rjhdksa dks viuk-
z bl eqís dks pqukoh jktuhfr ls cpkus ds fy;s loZnyh; cSBdksa us esa xyr D;k gS\
}kjk bl ij loZlEefr cukbZ tk,A mi;qZDr n`f"Vdks.kksa dk lekykspukRed fo'ys"k.k dhft;sA
z LoSfPNd laxBu U;k;ky;ksa ds gLr{ksi ls dBksj dne mBok lds
bl fo'ys"k.k ds vkèkkj ij vius fe=k dks vkidh D;k
rks ;g Hkh vPNk gksxkA gky gh esa fnYyh esa 10 o"kZ iqjkus Mhty
lykg jgsxh  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
okguksa ij yxkbZ xbZ jksd ,slh gh igy gSA
Suppose one of your close friends, who is also aspiring
z çfrf"Br O;fDr;ksa] tSls& fiQYeh flrkjksa dks i;kZoj.k vfHk;ku ls
for civil services, comes to you for discussing some of
tksM+k tk,] rkfd ydM+h ds mRiknksa ds ctk; iqupZfØr mRiknksa the issues related to ethical conduct in public service.
dk pyu c<+s_ futh dkjksa dh txg lkoZtfud ifjogu vkSj He raises the following points:
lkbfdy dk ç;ksx c<+sA (i) In the present times, when unethical environment
z i;kZoj.k&fe=k mRiknksa ij Hkkjh lfClMh nh tk, vkSj mldh HkjikbZ is quite prevalent, individual attempts to stick to
i;kZoj.k&'k=kq mRiknksa ij Hkkjh dj yxkdj dh tk,A i;kZoj.k ethical principles may cause a lot of problems in
çcaèku fjdkWMZ ds vuqlkj daifu;ksa dks dj lajpuk esa iQk;ns ;k one’s career. It may also cause hardship to the
uqdlku fn;s tk,¡A family members as well as risk to one’s life. Why
should we not be pragmatic and follow the path of
z fu;e cuk;k tk, fd dksbZ Hkh daiuh i;kZoj.k dks ftruk uqdlku
least resistance, and be happy with doing whatever
igq¡pk,xh] mls oSdfYid rjhds ls i;kZoj.k dh le`f¼ esa mlls good we can?
vfèkd ;ksxnku nsuk gksxkA (ii) When so many people are adopting wrong means
z lkoZtfud ifjogu] isijysl vkWfiQl rFkk i;kZoj.k f'k{kk dks and are grossly harming the system, what difference
çksRlkgu fn;k tk,A would it make if only a small minority tries to be
iz'u% eku yhft;s fd vkids fudV fe=kksa esa ls ,d] tks Lo;a ethical? They are going to be rather ineffective and
flfoy lsok esa tkus ds fy;s iz;Ru'khy gS] og yksd lsok esa are bound to get frustrated.
uSfrd vkpj.k ls lacfa èkr dqN eqíksa ij ppkZ djus ds fy;s (iii) If we become fussy about ethical considerations,
vkids ikl vkrk gSA og fuEufyf[kr fcanv q ksa dks mBkrk gS% will it not hamper the economic progress of our
country? After all, in the present age of high
(i) vkt ds le; esa tc vuSfrd okrkoj.k dkiQh iSQyk
competition, we cannot afford to be left behind in
gqvk gS] uSfrd fl¼karksa ls fpids jgus ds O;fDrxr the race of development.
iz;kl] O;fDr ds dWfj;j esa vusd leL;k,¡ iSnk dj (iv) It is understandable that we should not get involved
ldrs gSaA ;s ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ij d"V iSnk djus vkSj in grossly unethical practices, but giving and
lkFk gh lkFk Lo;a ds thou ij tksf[ke dk dkj.k Hkh accepting small gratifications and doing small
cu ldrs gSaA ge D;ksa u O;kogkfjd cusa vkSj U;wure favours increases everybody’s motivation. It also
izfrjksèk ds jkLrs dk vuqlj.k djsa vkSj ftruk vPNk makes the system more efficient. What is wrong in
ge dj ldsa] mls gh djds izlUu jgsa\ adopting such practices?

663
 Critically analyze the above viewpoints. On the basis of ds cjkcj vlj gqvk] rc vkius usrkvksa dks dkj.k crkvks
this analysis, what will be your advice to your friend? uksfVl tkjh dj fn;kA blds cnys ds :i esa mUgksaus vius
mÙkj% mi;qZDr n`f"Vdks.kksa dk lekykspukRed fo'ys"k.k Øe'k% chp dh ,d efgyk deZpkjh dks vkids fo#¼ efgyk
bl çdkj gS& vk;ksx esa ;kSu&mRihM+u dh ,d f'kdk;r nk;j djus ds
(i) ;g èkkj.kk xyr gS fd uSfrd gksus vkSj O;kogkfjd gksus esa fy;s HkM+dk fn;kA vk;ksx us rqjar vkidk Li"Vhdj.k ekaxkA
fojksèkkHkkl gSA oLrqr% dqN fof'k"V ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vykok vkidks blls vkxs Hkh yfTtr djus ds fy;s ekeyk ehfM;k
uSfrd gksus esa u rks thou dk tksf[ke gS vkSj u gh dWfj;j esa Hkh izlkfjr fd;k x;kA bl fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fodYiksa
ckfèkr gksus dkA lp rks ;g gS fd vktdy Hkz"Vkpkj ds esa ls dqN fuEufyf[kr gks ldrs gSa%
fo#¼ tSlh tu&tkx:drk gS] mldh rFkk eksckby dSejksa (i) vk;ks x dks viuk Li"Vhdj.k ns nhft;s vkS j
o lks'ky ehfM;k dh mifLFkfr esa Hkz"V gksus esa gh ”;knk vuq'kklfud dkjZokbZ ij ujeh cjfr;sA
[krjk gSA yksd lsod dks O;kogkfjd gksus ds lkFk lkglh
(ii) vk;ksx dks u”kjvank”k dj nhft;s vkSj vuq'kklfud
Hkh gksuk pkfg;sA
dkjZokbZ dks e”kcwrh ds lkFk vkxs c<+kb;sA
(ii) fu%lansg vkt ds HkkSfrdoknh ;qx esa uSfrdrk dh ijokg
(iii) vius mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa dks la{ksi esa voxr djk nhft;s]
djus okyksa dh la[;k de gS] ,sls esa vketu esa fujk'kk
muls funsZ'k ek¡fx;s vkSj muds vuqlkj dk;Z dhft;sA
gksuk LokHkkfod gS] ij vxj ,d yksd lsod Hkh bZekunkjh
dksbZ vU; laHko fodYi lq>kb;sA lHkh dk ewY;kadu dhft;s
ij fVdk jgrk gS rks de&ls&de og ,d f”kys ;k foHkkx
esa rks U;k; lqfuf'pr dj gh ldrk gSA laHko gS fd mlls vkSj vius dkj.k crkrs gq, lcls vPNk fodYi Li"V
çsj.kk ysdj vU; yksd lsod Hkh lgh jkLrk pqusaA uSfrdrk dhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
You are a no-nonsense, honest officer. You have been
vkSj bZekunkjh ds iFk ij pyus ls lekt esa tks çfr"Bk transferred to a remote district to head a department
gkfly gksrh gS] og vewY; gksrh gSA Hkz"V vkSj csbZeku that is notorious for its inefficiency and callousness. You
vfèkdkfj;ksa dks og izfr"Bk dHkh ugha feyrhA find that the main cause of the poor state of affairs is
(iii) rhljs rdZ dh cqfu;kn gh xyr gSA lp ;g gS fd yksd the indiscipline of a section of employees. They do not
lsod dh uSfrdrk ns'k dh vkfFkZd mUufr esa lgk;d gksrh work themselves and also disrupt the working of others.
You first warned the troublemakers to mend their ways
gS] ckèkd ughaA vxj og bZekunkjh ls dj laxzg.k djsxk
or else face disciplinary action. When the warning had
rks [k”kkuk c<+sxkA yksd ifj;kstukvksa esa bZekunkjh ls little effect, you issued a show cause notice to the
yksd&fufèk [kpZ djus ij ns'k dk pgqeq[kh fodkl gksxkA ringleaders. As a retaliatory measure, these
(iv) oLrqr% NksVh vuSfrdrk Hkh vkykspuk ls ijs ugha gksrhA gk¡] troublemakers instigated a woman employee amongs”k
vxj migkj fliQZ çrhdkRed gks (tSls& lkèkkj.k isu] them to file a complaint of sexual harassment against
you with the Women’s Commission. The Commission
fdrkc vkfn) vkSj nsus okys dh uh;r vlafnXèk gks rks promptly seeks your explanation. The matter is also
blesa leL;k ugha gSA blh rjg vxj rjiQnkjh dkuwuh nk;js publicized in the media to embarrass you further. Some
esa vkSj fdlh oafpr oxZ ds lnL; ds i{k esa gks rks Lohdk;Z of the options to handle this situation could be as follows :
gSA ysfdu csbZekuh ds mís'; ls fd;k x;k NksVk ÑR; Hkh (i) Give your explanation to the Commission and go
vLohdk;Z gS] D;ksafd og yksd lsod dh Nfo vkSj uSfrd soft on the disciplinary action.
cy dks de”kksj cukrk gSA (ii) Ignore the Commission and proceed firmly with the
disciplinary action.
eSa vius fe=k dks lykg nw¡xk fd yksd lsod dh vlyh miyfCèk (iii) Brief your higher-ups, seek directions from them
bZekunkjh vkSj lfØ; tulsok ls feyus okyh lkekftd çfr"Bk gS] u and act accordingly.
fd csbZekuh ls vftZr èku&lainkA vr% og mlh dks y{; cuk, rks Suggest any other possible option(s). Evaluate all of
csgrj gksxkA them and suggest the best course of action, giving your
reasons for it.
iz'u% vki vuki&'kuki u lgus okys] bZekunkj vfèkdkjh gSaA
vkidk rcknyk ,d lqnwj f”kys esa ,d ,sls foHkkx ds mÙkj% bl fLFkfr esa fn;s x, rhuksa fodYiksa ls lac¼ esjk ewY;kadu
izeq[k ds :i esa dj fn;k x;k gS] tks viuh vn{krk vkSj fuEufyf[kr gS&
laosnughurk ds fy;s dq[;kr gSA vki ikrs gSa fd bl ?kfV;k z igys fodYi esa vk;ksx dks Li"Vhdj.k nsus dh ckr mfpr gS]
dk;Z&fLFkfr dk eq[; dkj.k deZpkfj;ksa ds ,d Hkkx esa D;ksafd og esjh oSèkkfud tokcnsgh curh gSA ¯drq bl fodYi
vuq'kklughurk gSA os Lo;a rks dk;Z djrs ugha gSa vkSj nwljksa dk nwljk i{k mfpr ugha gS] tks dgrk gS fd vuq'kklfud dkjZokbZ
ds dk;Z esa Hkh xM+cM+h iSnk djrs gSaA lcls igys vkius ij ujeh cjruh pkfg;sA vxj eSa vuq'kklfud dkjZokbZ esa <hy
mRikfr;ksa dks lqèkj tkus dh] vU;Fkk vuq'kklfud dkjZokbZ nw¡xk rks blls vlkekftd rÙo Hkfo"; esa ,slh vkSj gjdrsa djus
dk lkeuk djus dh psrkouh nhA tc bl psrkouh dk uk ds fy;s çsfjr gksaxsA

664
 z nwljs fodYi dk igyk i{k xyr gS] D;ksafd og dgrk gS fd Suppose you are the CEO of a company that
eSa vk;ksx dks u”kjvank”k dj nwA¡ yksd lsod gksus ds ukrs laoèS kkfud manufactures specialized electronic equipment used by
a government department. You have submitted your
o oSèkkfud laLFkkvksa ds çfr esjh tokcnsgh curh gS] ftlls ihNs bid for the supply of this equipment to the department.
gVuk vuqfpr gksxkA ¯drq bl fodYi dk nwljk fgLlk mfpr gS] Both the quality and cost of your offer are better than
tks dgrk gS fd vuq'kklfud dkjZokbZ dks e”kcwrh ds lkFk vkxs those of the competitors. Yet the concerned officer is
c<+kuk pkfg;sA demanding a hefty bribe for approving the tender.
Getting the order is important both for you and for your
z rhljs fodYi dk igyk Hkkx mfpr gS vFkkZr~ eq>s vius
company. Not getting the order would mean closing a
mPpkfèkdkfj;ksa dks iwjs ekeys ls voxr djkuk pkfg;sA ;g blfy;s production line. It may also affect your own career.
Hkh ”k:jh gS] rkfd mudk fo'okl eq> ij cuk jgsA ¯drq bl However, as a value-conscious person, you do not want
fodYi dk nwljk fgLlk iw.kZr% Bhd ugha gSA esjh jk; esa eq>s bl to give bribe.
fLFkfr esa vius foosd ls fu.kZ; djus dh dksf'k'k djuh pkfg;sA Valid arguments can be advanced both for giving the
vxj eSa vfèkdkfj;ksa ls gh funs'Z k ywx¡ k rks ;g iyk;u dh ekufldrk bribe and getting the order, and for refusing to pay the
bribe and risking the loss of the order. What those
dk mnkgj.k gksxkA
arguments could be? Could there be any better way to
esjs n`f"Vdks.k ls bl fLFkfr dks lqy>kus ds fy;s fuEufyf[kr get out of this dilemma? If so outline the main elements
fodYi loZJs"B gksxk& of this third way, pointing out its merits.
z loZçFke vius ifjokj rFkk mPpkfèkdkfj;ksa dks ekeys ls voxr mÙkj% 1. fj'or nsdj vkWMZj izkIr dj ysus ds i{k esa fuEufyf[kr
djkuk rFkk mUgsa fo'okl esa ysukA rdZ laHko gSa&
z ehfM;k dks xyr tkudkjh fn[kkus ds lacaèk esa uksfVl Hkstuk vkSj z ;fn eSa fj'or ugha nw¡xk rks dksbZ vU; nsxkA vr% tc fj'or nh
dksf'k'k djuk fd ehfM;k esjk i{k Hkh fn[kk,A gh tkuh gS rks eSa D;ksa ihNs gV¡w!
z vk;ksx dks iwjh bZekunkjh ls Li"Vhdj.k HkstukA z gks ldrk gS fd esjs ihNs gVus ij tks daiuh fj'or nsdj dke
z lR; ij vkèkkfjr ,sls çek.k tqVkuk tks lkfcr djs fd efgyk gkfly djs] mlds dk;Z dh xq.koÙkk [kjkc gks vkSj lekt dks
dk vkjksi >wBk gSA uqdlku gks tk,A
z Hkfo"; esa lkoèkkuh cjruk fd ,sls vkjksi u yx ldsaA vkWfiQl z daiuh dk izeq[k gksus ds ukrs esjh f”kEesnkjh viuh daiuh vkSj
ds njok”ks esa ikjn'khZ 'kh'kk yxok nsuk ;k vius dsfcu ds Hkhrj mlds deZpkfj;ksa ds izfr Hkh gSA vxj dke feysxk gh ugha rks
lhlhVhoh yxokuk blds mik; gks ldrs gSaA mu lHkh ds vfLrRo ij [krjk iSnk gks tk,xk tks fd fj'or nsus
iz'u% eku yhft;s fd vki ,slh daiuh ds eq[; dk;Zdkjh ls ”;knk vuSfrd gksxkA
vfèkdkjh (lh-bZ-vks-) gSa] tks ,d ljdkjh foHkkx ds }kjk 2. fj'or ugha nsus vkSj vkWMZj dks gkFk ls fudyus nsus ds i{k
iz;qDr fo'ks"khÑr bysDVªkWfud midj.k cukrh gSA vkius esa rdZ&
foHkkx dks miLdj dh iwfrZ ds fy;s viuh cksyh is'k dj z ;fn eSa ,d ckj fj'or nw¡xk rks gj ckj ljdkjh deZpkjh fj'or
nh gSA vkids vkWiQj dh xq.krk vkSj ykxr nksuksa vkids ekaxsaxsA vr% igyh ckj euk djuk gh mfpr gSA
izfrLifèkZ;ksa ls csgrj gSA bl ij Hkh lacafèkr vfèkdkjh VsaMj
z vxj fj'or nsdj dke gkfly d:¡xk rks daiuh dh leqfpr vk;
ikl djus ds fy;s eksVh fj'or dh ekax dj jgk gSA vkWMZj
ds fy;s xq.koÙkk ls le>kSrk djuk ”k:jh gksxk tks lekt ds fy;s
dh izkfIr vkids vkSj vkidh daiuh] nksuksa ds fy;s
uqdlkunk;d o vuSfrd gksxkA
egÙoiw.kZ gSA vkWMZj u feyus dk vFkZ gksxk mRiknu js[kk
z ykHk dekus dk egÙo ogha rd gS] tgk¡ rd O;fDr vius cqfu;knh
dk can dj nsukA ;g vkids Lo;a ds dWfj;j dks Hkh
izHkkfor dj ldrk gSA fiQj Hkh ewY;&lpsr O;fDr ds :i ewY;ksa ds lkFk py ldsA vius ewY;ksa ds f[kykiQ tkdj èku
esa vki fj'or nsuk ugha pkgrs gSaA dekus ls Hkh vlarks"k o ruko gh gkfly gksxkA
fj'or nsus vkSj vkWMZj izkIr dj ysus rFkk fj'or nsus ls 3- rhljs jkLrs dh laHkkouk& bl fLFkfr esa ,d rhljk jkLrk Hkh
budkj djus vkSj vkWMZj dks gkFk ls fudy tkus&nksuksas ds laHko gS] tks fuEufyf[kr gS&
fy;s oSèk rdZ fn;s tk ldrs gSaA ;s rdZ D;k gks ldrs gSa\ z cksyh yxkus okyh lHkh daifu;ksa ls laidZ djds ikjn'khZ izfØ;k
D;k bl èkeZladV ls ckgj fudyus dk dksbZ csgrj jkLrk ds fy;s ncko cukÅ¡xkA
gks ldrk gS\ ;fn gk¡] rks bl rhljs jkLrs dh vPNkb;ksa z f”kEesnkj vfèkdkjh dks crkÅ¡xk fd vafre fu.kZ; ds ckn eSa lwpuk
dh vksj bafxr djrs gq, mldh :ijs[kk izLrqr dhft;sA ds vfèkdkj ds rgr fu.kZ; ds vkèkkj iwNw¡xk vkSj vko';drk
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) gksus ij dksVZ Hkh tkšxkA
665
 z ehfM;k rFkk lks'ky ehfM;k ds ekè;e ls ncko cukÅ¡xk fd was advised to keep his eyes, ears and mouth shut and
fu.kZ; dh izfØ;k iwjh ikjnf'kZrk ds lkFk laiUu gksA vko';drk ignore all these things which were taking place with the
connivance of the higher-ups. Rameshwar felt highly
gqbZ rks ehfM;k dks fLVax vkWijs'ku djus dh lykg Hkh nw¡xkA disillusioned and uncomfortable. He comes to you
laHko gS fd blds ckotwn eq>s vkWMZj u feys] ¯drq blls seeking your advice.
Hkfo"; esa izfØ;k ds ikjn'khZ gksus dh laHkkouk c<+sxh] tks lHkh ds Indicate various options that you think are available in
fy;s vPNk gksxkA this situation. How would you help him to evaluate these
options and choose the most appropriate path to be
iz'u% jkes'oj us xkSjo'kkyh flfoy lsok ijh{kk dks liQyrkiwoZd
adopted?
ikl dj fy;k vkSj og ,sls lqvolj ls vfHkHkwr Fkk] tks
flfoy lsok ds ekè;e ls ns'k dh lsok djus ds fy;s mÙkj% eSa jkes'oj dks fuEufyf[kr rhu fodYi (ewY;kadu lfgr)
mldks feyus okyk FkkA ijarq] lsok dk dk;Zxzg.k djus ds lq>kšxk&
'kh?kz ckn mlus eglwl fd;k fd oLrqfLFkfr mruh lqanj 1- igyk fodYi gS fd jkes'oj Hkz"Vkpkj dh dk;Z&laLÑfr dks
ugha gS] ftruh mlus dYiuk dh FkhA pqipki Lohdkj dj ys vkSj voSèk dekbZ esa fgLlsnkj gks tk,A
mlus vius foHkkx esa O;kIr vusd vukpkj ik,A mnkgj.k bl fodYi ls mls èku vkSj lÙkk gkfly gksxh] og vius mPp
ds :i esa fofHkUu ;kstukvksa vkSj vuqnkuksa ds vèkhu fufèk;k¡ vfèkdkfj;ksa dk fiz; cuk jgsxk rFkk vius ifjokj dh Å¡ph
nqfoZfu;ksftr dh tk jgh FkhaA ljdkjh lqfoèkkvksa dk vDlj vis{kkvksa dks Hkh larq"V dj ldsxkA
vfèkdkfj;kssa vkSj LVkiQ }kjk O;fDrxr vko';drkvksa ds ¯drq bl fodYi esa mls vius ewY;ksa ls le>kSrk djuk iM+sxk
fy;s bLrseky fd;k tk jgk FkkA dqN le; ds ckn mlus vkSj Hkhrj&gh&Hkhrj og VwV tk,xkA bl fLFkfr esa fujarj jgus
;g Hkh ns[kk fd LVkiQ dks HkrhZ djus dh izfØ;k Hkh ls og vkRefuokZlu dk f'kdkj Hkh gks ldrk gSA lkFk gh ;g
nks"kiw.kZ FkhA Hkkoh mEehnokjksa dks ,d ijh{kk fy[kuh gksrh lekt vkSj ns'k ds fy;s Hkh vfgrdj lkfcr gksxkA
Fkh] ftlesa dkI+kQh udyck”kh pyrh FkhA dqN mEehnokjksa
2- nwljk fodYi gS fd jkes'oj Hkz"Vkpkj ds fo#¼ lfØ; yM+kbZ
dks ijh{kk esa cká lgk;rk Hkh iznku dh tkrh FkhA jkes'oj
NsM+ ns vkSj gjlaHko rjhds (tSls& ehfM;k dh enn) ls Hkz"V
,slh ?kVukvksa dks vius ofj"Bksa dh u”kj esas ys vk,] ijarq
yksxksa ds lewg ls la?k"kZ djsA
bl ij mldks viuh vk¡[ksa] dku vkSj eq[k can j[kus vkSj
bu lHkh ph”kksa dks u”kjvank”k djus dh lykg nh xbZA ;g bl fodYi dk ykHk ;g gksxk fd og vius ewY;ksa ds fo#¼
crk;k x;k fd lc mPPkrj vfèkdkfj;ksa dh feyhHkxr ls u gksus ds dkj.k ekufld fc[kjko ls cp tk,xk vkSj lekt
py jgk FkkA blls jkes'oj dk Hkze VwVk vkSj og O;kdqy esa mls U;k;ksfpr lEeku Hkh fey ldsxkA
jgus yxkA og lykg ds fy;s vkids ikl vkrk gSA ¯drq bl jkLrs ij mls vius mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa dk fujarj fojksèk
,sls fofHkUu fodYi lq>kb;s] tks vkids fopkj esa] ,slh >syuk gksxk] tks ckj&ckj ds LFkkukarj.k vkSj vU; :iksa esa gks
ifjfLFkfr esa jkes'oj ds fy;s miyCèk gSaA bu fodYiksa dk ldrk gSA ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd Hkz"Vkpkjh lewg mls ;k mlds
ewY;kadu djus vkSj lokZfèkd mfpr jkLrk viukus esa vki ifjokj dks èkefd;k¡ ns vkSj uqdlku igq¡pk,A fujarj ,slh fLFkfr
mldh fdl izdkj lgk;rk djsaxs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) esa jgus ls og volknxzLr Hkh gks ldrk gSA
Rameshwar successfully cleared the prestigious civil 3- rhljk laHko jkLrk ;g gS fd og [kqn Hkz"Vkpkj dk fgLlk u
services examination and was excited about the
opportunity that he would get through the civil services cus] ¯drq viuh lhekvksa ls ckgj tkdj vius vfèkdkfj;ksa ds
to serve the country. However, soon after joining the fo#¼ dne mBkus ls Hkh cpsA bl jkLrs ij fuEufyf[kr dne
services, he realized that things are not as rosy as he mBk, tk ldrs gSa&
had imagined.
(d) Lo;a Hkz"V u gksuk vkSj vius vèkhuLFkksa ij Hkh ikjnf'kZrk
He found a number of malpractices prevailing in the
department assigned to him. For example, funds under ds fy;s ncko cukukA
various schemes and grants were being misappropriated. ([k) tks vèkhuLFk lafnXèk gksa] mudk LFkku rFkk dk;ZHkkj cnyrs
The official facilities were frequently being used for
jgukA
personal needs by the officers and staff. After some time,
he noticed that the process of recruiting the staff was (x) ;fn mPp vfèkdkjh dksbZ xyr dk;Z djus dks dgsa rks muls
also not up to the mark. Prospective candidates were fyf[kr vkns'k dh ekax djukA
required to write an examination in which a lot of
(?k) vius dk;kZy; ds ykHkkFkhZ ukxfjdksa dks ikjnf'kZrk dh eqfge
cheating was going on. Some candidates were provided
external help in the examination. Rameshwar brought dk fgLlk cukuk] rkfd fdlh ds fy;s Hkh Hkz"Vkpkj djuk
these incidents to the notice of his seniors. However, he dfBu gks tk,A

666
 (Ä) ;fn dk;kZy; esa vukpkj py jgk gS rks mlds izek.k bdV~Bs ‹ lkekftd dkjd ;g gS fd csgrj f'k{kk 'kgjksa esa fey ikrh
djuk vkSj lrdZrk vk;ksx tSlh laLFkk dks eqgS;k djkukA gS] xk¡oksa esa ughaA lkFk gh oafpr oxks± dks 'kgjksa esa tkrh;]
eSa mls rhljk fodYi lq>kÅ¡xk] D;ksafd blesa uSfrd ewY;ksa dh èkkfeZd ;k fyaxxr neu izk;% ugha >syuk iM+rkA
j{kk ds lkFk&lkFk in dh 'kfDr;ksa vkSj lhekvksa dk è;ku Hkh j[kk ‹ HkkoukRed dkjdksa esa cPpksa ds Hkfo"; dh fpark rFkk vius
x;k gSA led{kksa ls izfrLièkkZ dh Hkkouk izeq[k gSA
iz'u% gekjs ns'k esa xzkeh.k yksxksa dk dLcksa vkSj 'kgjksa dh vksj ‹ vfHko`fÙkd dkjd ;g gS fd lekt esa 'kgjh gksuk lEeku dh
izolu rs”kh ds lkFk c<+ jgk gSA ;g xzkeh.k vkSj uxjh; ckr ekuh tkrh gS] tcfd xzkeh.kksa dks ^x¡okj* dgdj migkl
nksuksa {ks=kksa esa fodV leL;k,¡ iSnk dj jgk gSA okLro esa dk fo"k; cuk;k tkrk gSA blfy;s yksx 'kgjh thou dks
fLFkfr ;FkkFkZ esa vizcaèkuh; gksrh tk jgh gSA D;k vki bl izkFkfedrk nsrs gSaA
leL;k dk foLrkj ls fo'ys"k.k dj ldrs gSa vkSj leL;k z iwNs x, fof'k"V iz'uksa ds mÙkj fuEufyf[kr gSa&
ds fy;s f”kEesnkj u dsoy lkekftd&vkfFkZd] oju~
‹ f'kf{kr xzkeh.k ;qok 'kgjksa esa vius dWfj;j dh Js"B laHkkoukvksa]
HkkoukRed vkSj vfHko`fÙkd dkjdksa dks crk ldrs gSa\ lkFk
LVsVl flacy] lkekftd [kqysiu rFkk csgrj lajpukxr lqfoèkkvksa
gh Li"V :i ls mtkxj dhft;s fd D;ksa&
ds dkj.k tkuk pkgrs gSaA
(a) f'kf{kr xzkeh.k ;qok 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa LFkkukarfjr gksus dh
‹ Hkwfeghu fuèkZu yksx uxjh; efyu cfLr;ksa esa jgus ds fy;s
dksf'k'k dj jgs gSa_
(b) Hkwfeghu fuèkZu yksx uxjh; efyu cfLr;ksa esa izolu
Hkh rS;kj gSa] D;ksafd ogk¡ ”;knk vk; rks vftZr gksrh gh gS]
dj jgs gSa_ lkFk gh tkrh; 'kks"k.k o csxkjh ls Hkh eqfDr fey tkrh gSA
(c) ;gk¡ rd fd dqN fdlku viuh ”kehu csp jgs gSa vkSj ladV ds le; vPNs vLirky Hkh 'kgjksa esa gh fey ikrs gSaA
'kgjh {ks=kksa esa NksVh&eksVh ukSdfj;k¡ ysdj clus dh ‹ fdlku ”kehu cspdj 'kgjksa esa NksVh&eksVh ukSdjh blfy;s dj

dksf'k'k dj jgs gSaA jgs gSa] D;ksafd ,d rks Ñf"k esa fuf'pr vkSj vfèkd vk; ugha
vki dkSu&ls lkè; dne lq>k ldrs gSa] tks gekjs ns'k dh gS_ lkFk gh f'k{kk vkSj LokLF; ds ekeys esa xk¡o vkt Hkh
bl xaHkhj leL;k dk fu;a=k.k djus esa izHkkoh gksaxs\ 'kgjksa ls cgqr ihNs gSaA ?kj dh efgykvksa vkSj cPpksa dk ncko
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) Hkh izk;% 'kgj ds i{k esa jgrk gSA
In our country, the migration of rural people to towns z bl leL;k ds lekèkku ds fuEufyf[kr mik; laHko gSa&
and cities is increasing drastically. This is causing serious
‹ ns'kHkj esa fodkl dk fodsn a hz Ñr ekWMy viuk;k tk,] rkfd
problems both in the rural as well as in the urban areas.
In fact, things are becoming really unmanageable. Can 'kgjksa ds lkFk&lkFk xk¡oksa dks Hkh gj rjg dh lqfoèkkk izkIr gks ldsA
you analyse this problem in detail and indicate not only ‹ xk¡oksa dh vkèkkjHkwr lajpuk ij fo'ks"k cy fn;k tk,A f'k{kk
the socio-economic but also the emotional and
vkSj LokLF; ij fo'ks"k è;ku fn;k tk, (fo'ks"kr% Vsyh,tqds'ku
attitudinal factors responsible for this problem? Also,
distinctly bring out why– vkSj VsyhesfMflu)A
(a) Educated rural youth are trying to shift to urban ‹ Ñf"k dks ykHkdkjh m|e cukus ds fy;s pdcanh] lgdkjh
areas; Ñf"k] uokpkjksa vkfn dks izksRlkfgr fd;k tk,A
(b) Landless poor people are migrating to urban slums;
(c) Even some farmers are selling off their land and 2013
trying to settle in urban areas taking up petty jobs.
What feasible steps can you suggest which will be
iz'u% ,d tu lwpuk vfèkdkjh (PIO) dks lwpuk dk vfèkdkj
effective in controlling this serious problem of our (RTI) vfèkfu;e ds varxZr ,d vkosnu feyrk gSA lwpuk
country? ,d=k djus ds ckn mls irk pyrk gS fd og lwpuk Lo;a
mÙkj% cM+h la[;k esa xzkeh.kksa }kjk 'kgjh izolu ds dkj.k fLFkfr mlh ds }kjk fy;s x, dqN fu.kZ;ksa ls lacafèkr gS] tks iw.kZ:i
lpeqp vizcaèkuh; gksrh tk jgh gS] D;ksafd 'kgjksa ij tula[;k dk ls lgh ugha FksA bu fu.kZ;ksa esa vU; deZpkjh Hkh lgHkkxh
vlguh; ncko gks x;k gS tcfd xk¡oksa ls dk;Z'khy tula[;k yxHkx FksA lwpuk izdV gksus ij Lo;a mlds rFkk mlds vU; fe=kksa
xk;c gks xbZ gSA ds fo#¼ vuq'kklfud dkjZokbZ gks ldrh gS] ftlesa naM
z bl leL;k ds fy;s f”kEesnkj dkjd fuEufyf[kr gSa& Hkh laHkkfor gSA lwpuk izdV u djus ;k vkaf'kd ;k
‹ vkfFkZd dkjd ;g gS fd 'kgjksa esa vklkuh ls jks”kxkj fey Nn~ekofjr lwpuk miyCèk djkus ij de naM ;k naM&eqfDr
tkrk gS vkSj udn osru feyrk gSA ;gh dsanzh; dkjd gSA Hkh fey ldrh gSA
667
 PIO vU;Fkk ,d bZekunkj o dÙkZO;fu"B O;fDr gS ij ;g (iii) The PIO could weigh the consequences of disclosing
fof'k"V fu.kZ;] ftlds lacèa k esa RTI vkosnu fn;k x;k gS] the information truthfully, including the effect on
his career, and reply in a manner that would not
xyr fudykA og vfèkdkjh vkids ikl lykg ds fy;s place him or his career in jeopardy, but at the same
vk;k gSA time a little compromise can be made on the contents
uhps lq>koksa ds dqN fodYi fn;s x, gSaA izR;sd fodYi of the information.
dk xq.k&nks"k ds vkèkkj ij ewY;kadu dhft;s& (iv) The PIO could consult his other colleagues who are
party to the decision and take action as per their
(i) PIO bl ekeys dks vius T;s"B vfèkdkjh dks mldh
advice.
lykg ds fy;s lanfHkZr djs vkSj dM+kbZ ls mlh ds Also please indicate (without necessarily restricting to
vuqlkj dkjZokbZ djs pkgs og Lo;a ml lykg ls iw.kZr;k the above options) what you would like to advise, giving
lger u gksA proper reasons.
(ii) PIO NqV~Vh ij pyk tk, vkSj ekeys dks vius mÙkj% fn;s x, iz'u esa O;fDr ds Lofgr rFkk iz'kklfud nkf;Roksa
mÙkjkfèkdkjh (dk;kZy; esa) ij NksM+ ns ;k lwpuk ds chp Vdjko gSA tu lwpuk vfèkdkjh (PIO) dk O;fDrxr fgr bl
vkosnu dks fdlh vU; PIO dks LFkkukarj.k dk fuosnu ckr esa gS fd og izkIr vkosnu ds tokcLo:i vYi lwpuk ;k Nn~e
djsA lwpuk iznku djds Lo;a dks vkSj vius lkfFk;ksa dks cpk ys] ijarq mldk
(iii) PIO lPpkbZ ds lkFk lwpuk izdV djus o viuh thfodk iz'kklfud dÙkZO; gS fd lwpuk lgh :i esa igqp ¡ kbZ tk,A iz'u esa fn;k
ij mlds izHkko ij euu djds bl Hkk¡fr mÙkj ns] gqvk gS fd PIO vU;Fkk ,d bZekunkj vfèkdkjh gS vkSj mlds }kjk
ftlls og ;k mldh thfodk ij tksf[ke u vk, ij lwpuk iznku fd;s tkus ij vU; yksx Hkh izHkkfor gksxa As bu rF;ksa dks
lkFk gh lwpuk dh varoZLrq ij dqN le>kSrk fd;k tk n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, iz'u esa fn;s x, fodYiksa ij fopkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA
ldrk gSA (i) pw¡fd PIO dk Lo;a dk fgr bl ekeys esa lfUufgr gSA vr%
(iv) PIO mu lg;ksfx;ksa] tks bl fu.kZ; dks ysus esa lgHkkxh mls Lo;a fu.kZ; ugha ysuk pkfg;sA bl n`f"V ls bl ekeys dks
Fks] ls ijke'kZ djs vkSj mudh lykg ds vuq:i T;s"B vfèkdkjh dks lanfHkZr djuk lgh ekuk tk ldrk gSA T;s"B
dkjZokbZ djsA vfèkdkjh dh lykg ls vlger gksrs gq, Hkh mlds vuqikyu
vfuok;Z :i ls dsoy mi;qZDr fodYiksa rd lhfer u j[krs dks lgh ekuk tk ldrk gS] D;ksafd vkpj.k&lafgrk ds vuqlkj
gq, vki viuh lykg nhft;s vkSj mlds mfpr dkj.k Hkh ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ds vkns'kksa dk ikyu djuk dfu"B vfèkdkfj;ksa
crkb;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) dk dÙkZO; gSA
A Public Information Officer has received an application ijarq bl fodYi esa vkns'kksa dk vuqikyu varr% PIO dks gh
under RTI Act. Having gathered the information, the djuk gS vkSj pw¡fd blesa mldk Lofgr lfEefyr gS] blfy;s
PIO discovers that the information pertains to some of
laHko gS fd og ldkjkRed vFkok udkjkRed <ax ls i{kikr
the decisions taken by him, which were found to be not
altogether right. There were other employees also who djs vFkkZr~ og [kqn dks o vius lkfFk;ksa dks cpkus ds fy;s
were party to these decisions. Disclosure of the fjiksVZ dks uje Hkh dj ldrk gS ;k fiQj viuh bZekunkjh fl¼
information is likely to lead to disciplinary action with djus ds fy;s ”k:jr ls ”;knk dM+h fjiksVZ Hkh cuk ldrk gSA
possibility of punishment against him as well as some
vr% ;g fodYi vkaf'kd :i ls lgh gksrs gq, Hkh leL;k dks
of his colleagues. Non-disclosure or part disclosure or
camouflaged disclosure of information will result into gy ugha djrkA
lesser punishment or no punishment. (ii) PIO dk vodk'k ij pyk tkuk ,d csgrj fodYi gks ldrk
The PIO is otherwise an honest and conscientious person gS] D;ksfa d ,d rks ,slk djus ls og ,d ,sls ekeys esa fu.kZ;dÙkkZ
but this particular decision, on which the RTI cuus ls cp tk,xk] ftlesa mlds [kqn ds fgr lfEefyr gSa vkSj
application has been filed, turned out to be wrong. He
comes to you for advice. lkFk gh dk;kZy; ls nwj jgus ds dkj.k og nh tkus okyh lwpuk
The following are some suggested options. Please dks ,sfPNd ;k vuSfPNd :i ls izHkkfor djus ls Hkh cp tk,xk]
evaluate the merits and demerits of each of the options: ¯drq bl rjg vpkud NqVV~ h ij tkus ls dk;kZy; dk dk;Z
(i) The PIO could refer the matter to his superior officer izHkkfor gksxk o vU; ekeys Hkh foyafcr gksxa As blls cpus ds
and seek his advice and act strictly in accordance fy;s og lwpuk vkosnu dks fdlh vU; PIO dks LFkkukarj.k dk
with the advice, even though he is not completely in
agreement with the advice of the superior.
fuosnu dj ldrk gSA
(ii) The PIO could proceed on leave and leave the matter (iii) rhljk fodYi iw.kZr% vuSfrd gS] bls vYi ek=kk esa uSfrd dsoy
to be dealt by his successor in office or request for bl vkèkkj ij ekuk tk ldrk gS fd ,slk og Lo;a dks ugha
transfer of the application to another PIO. cfYd mu dfu"B vfèkdkfj;ksa dks cpkus ds fy;s dj jgk gS]

668
 ftudh vkthfodk ij lgh lwpuk nh tkus ds i'pkr~ ladV vk ,slh fLFkfr esa vkids djus ds fy;s dqN fodYi fuEufyf[kr
ldrk gSA ijarq ;g Nn~e uSfrdrk gS vkSj Bksl uSfrd vkèkkj ls gSaA buesa ls izR;sd fodYi dk xq.k&nks"k ds vkèkkj ij
foghu gS D;ksafd vxj mlds dfu"B Hkh nks"kh gSa rks mu ij ewY;kadu dj varr% lq>ko nhft;s fd vki D;k dkjZokbZ
dkjZokbZ rks gksuh gh pkfg;sA djuk pkgsaxs vkSj D;ksa\
(iv) ;g fodYi Hkh Li"V :i ls xSj&dkuwuh o vuSfrd gSA RTI
(i) eq[; vfHk;ark dh lykg ekudj vkxs c<+ tk,¡A
esa ekaxh xbZ tkudkjh vkosnd dks iznku djus ls igys bl ckjs
(ii) lHkh rF;ksa o fo'ys"k.k dks fn[kkrs gq, fLFkfr dh
esa fdlh vkSj ls ppkZ djus dks mfpr ugha Bgjk;k tk ldrkA
;|fi PIO ,d bZekunkj O;fDr gS] ijarq mlds lHkh lkFkh Hkh foLr`r fjiksVZ cukdj viuk n`f"Vdks.k Li"V djrs gq,
bZekunkj gksa] ;g vko';d ugha gSA ;g Hkh laHko gS fd mlds eq[; vfHk;ark ls fyf[kr vkns'k dk fuosnu djsaA
fu.kZ; esa lgHkkxh fdlh O;fDr us iwjh Vhe dks tkucw>dj xyr (iii) dfu"B vfHk;arkvksa ls Li"Vhdj.k ekaxsa vkSj Bsdsnkj
fu.kZ; dh vksj vxzlj fd;k gksA ;fn fu.kZ; ds lgHkkfx;ksa ls dks fuf'pr vofèk esa nks"k&fuokj.k ds fy;s vkns'k nsaA
ppkZ dh xbZ rks og O;fDr lkoèkku gks ldrk gS vkSj RTI (iv) bl fo"k; dks cyiwoZd mBk,¡ rkfd ;g eq[; vfHk;ark
vkosnudÙkkZ ds fy;s ladV Hkh mRiUu dj ldrk gSA blds ds ofj"B tuksa rd igq¡p ldsA
vfrfjDr PIO ds in ls tqM+s dÙkZO;ksa dh n`f"V ls Hkh ,slk (v) eq[; vfHk;ark ds vuE; fopkj dks è;ku esa j[krs gq,
ijke'kZ vuko';d gSA
bl ifj;kstuk ls vius LFkkukarj.k ds fy;s vkosnu
lHkh fodYiksa dk ijh{k.k djus ij fdlh vU; PIO dks LFkkukarfjr djsa ;k chekjh dh NqV~Vh ij pys tk,¡A
djus ds vkosnu dk fodYi gh csgrj gSA PIO vU;Fkk ,d bZekunkj
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
vfèkdkjh gS vkSj bl ekeys esa Hkh mls bZekunkjh ls vius dÙkZO; dk
You are working as an Executive Engineer in the
fuoZgu djuk pkfg;sA ;fn bl fu.kZ; ds dkj.k iz'kklu ds }kjk PIO
construction cell of a Municipal Corporation and are
ij dksbZ dkjZokbZ dh tkrh gS rks iz'kklu Hkh mlds vU;Fkk csnkx fjdkWMZ presently in-charge of the construction of a flyover.
ij è;ku vo'; nsxkA There are two Junior Engineers under you who have
iz'u% vki uxjikfydk ifj"kn ds fuekZ.k foHkkx esa vfèk'kklh the responsibility of day-to-day inspection of the site
vfHk;ark in ij rSukr gSa vkSj orZeku esa ,d Åijxkeh and are reporting to you, while you are finally reporting
iqy (Flyover) ds fuekZ.k&dk;Z ds izHkkjh gSaA vkids vèkhu to the Chief Engineer who heads the cell. While the
construction is heading towards completion, the Junior
nks dfu"B vfHk;ark gS]a tks izfrfnu fuekZ.k&LFky ds fujh{k.k
Engineers have been regularly reporting that all
ds mÙkjnk;h gSa rFkk vkidks fooj.k nsrs gSa vkSj vki foHkkx construction is taking place as per design specifications.
ds vè;{k] eq[; vfHk;ark dks fjiksVZ nsrs gSaA fuekZ.k&dk;Z However, in one of your surprise inspections, you have
iw.kZ gksus dks gS vkSj dfu"B vfHk;ark fu;fer :i ls ;g noticed some serious deviations and lacunae which, in
lwfpr djrs jgs gSa fd fuekZ.k&dk;Z ifjdYiuk ds fofunsZ'kksa your opinion, are likely to affect the safety of the flyover.
ds vuq:i gks jgk gSA ysfdu vkius vius vkdfLed Rectification of these lacunae at this stage would require
fujh{k.k esa dqN xaHkhj folkekU;rk,¡ o dfe;k¡ ikb±] tks a substantial amount of demolition and rework which
will cause a tangible loss to the contractor and will also
vkids foosdkuqlkj iqy dh lqj{kk dks izHkkfor dj ldrh
delay completion. There is a lot of public pressure on
gSaA bl Lrj ij bu dfe;ksa dks nwj djus esa dkiQh the Corporation to get this construction completed
fuekZ.k&dk;Z dks fxjkuk vkSj nksckjk cukuk gksxk] ftlls because of heavy traffic congestion in the area. When
Bsdsnkj dks fuf'pr gkfu gksxh vkSj dk;Z&lekfIr esa foyac you brought this matter to the notice of the Chief
Hkh gksxkA {ks=k esa Hkkjh VªSfiQd tSe ds dkj.k ifj"kn ij Engineer, he advised you that in his opinion it is not a
fuekZ.k 'kh?kz iwjk djus ds fy;s turk dk cM+k ncko gSA very serious lapse and may be ignored. He advised for
tc vki fLFkfr eq[; vfHk;ark ds laKku esa yk, rks mUgksaus further expediting the project for completion in time.
However, you are convinced that this was a serious
vius foosdkuqlkj bldks cM+k xaHkhj nks"k u ekudj bls
matter which might affect public safety and should not
misf{kr djus dh lykg nhA mUgksaus ifj;kstuk dks le; ls be left unaddressed.
iwjk djus gsrq dk;Z dks vkxs c<+kus ds fy;s dgkA ijarq vki What will you do in such a situation? Some of the options
vk'oLr gSa fd ;g xaHkhj izdj.k gS] ftlls turk dh are given below. Evaluate the merits and demerits of
lqj{kk izHkkfor gks ldrh gS vkSj bldks fcuk Bhd djk, each of these options and finally suggest what course of
ugha NksM+k tk ldrkA action you would like to take, giving reasons.

669
 (i) Follow the advice of the Chief Engineer and go (iii) ;g fodYi uSfrd :i ls iwjh rjg lgh gS] D;ksafd blesa nks"kh
ahead. vfHk;arkvksa ds fo#¼ dkjZokbZ dh ckr Hkh gS vkSj Bsdsnkj dks
(ii) Make an exhaustive report of the situation bringing
out all facts and analysis along with your own
nks"k fuokj.k dk vkns'k HkhA ;fn Bsdsnkj nks"k fuokj.k djrk gS
viewpoints stated clearly and seek for written orders rks blls tufgr dh j{kk gks tk,xhA uSfrdrk o iz'kklfud n`f"V
from the chief Engineer. ls ;g vko';d gS fd nksf"k;ksa ds fo#¼ dkjZokbZ gksA vr%
(iii) Call for explanation from the Junior Engineers and dfu"B vfHk;arkvksa ls Li"Vhdj.k ekaxuk Hkh mfpr gSA
issue orders to the contractor for necessary
correction within targeted time. ijarq bl fodYi dks iz'kklfud n`f"V ls iwjh rjg lgh ugha
(iv) Highlight the issue so that it reaches superiors above dgk tk ldrk] D;ksafd vki ofj"B vfèkdkjh dks lwfpr dj
the Chief Engineer. pqds gSa vkSj og vkidks ekSf[kd vkns'k Hkh ns pqdk gSA vr%
(v) Considering the rigid attitude of the Chief Engineer, iz'kklfud n`f"V ls ;g vko';d gks tkrk gS fd fdlh Hkh
seek transfer from the project or report sick.
dkjZokbZ ls igys vius ofj"B vfèkdkjh dks fo'okl esa fy;k
mÙkj% vxj eSa fcuk dksbZ dne mBk, fuekZ.k dk;Z gksus nsrk gw¡ tk,A
rks blls fuekZ.k dk;Z le; lhek esa iwjk gks tk,xk rFkk lkFk gh eq>s
(iv) bl fodYi dks csgn lhfer vFkks± esa lgh ekuk tk ldrk gS]
ofj"B vfèkdkjh ds fo#¼ Hkh ugha tkuk iM+sxk] tks vkKkikyu rFkk
D;ksafd iz'kklfud izfØ;k dk ikyu fd;s fcuk ekeys dks dsoy
O;fDrxr fgr dh n`f"V ls csgrj fodYi gks ldrk gSA ijarq ,slk djus
cyiwoZd mBkus (gkbZykbV djus) ls dksbZ fo'ks"k iz;kstu fl¼
ij xq.koÙkk [krjs esa iM+ ldrh gS vkSj nq?kZVuk Hkh gks ldrh gSA ,sls
esa O;kid tufgr [krjs esa iM+ ldrk gSA vr% nh xbZ dsl LVMh esa ugha gksrkA fodYi esa ;g ugha fn;k x;k gS fd ekeys dks fdl
la?k"kZ le;c¼rk rFkk vkKkikyu vkSj xq.koÙkk rFkk O;kid tufgr rjg gkbZykbV djuk gSA vxj gkbZykbV djus dk rkRi;Z leL;k
ds chp gSA bl la?k"kZ dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, iz'u esa fn;s x, fodYiksa dks iz'kklfud pSuy ds ckgj tkdj izpkfjr djus ls gS rks bls
ij fopkj fd;k tk ldrk gS% fdlh Hkh n`f"V ls mfpr ugha Bgjk;k tk ldrkA
(i) izFke fodYi dks vkKkikyu rFkk ifj;kstuk ds le; ij iwjk (v) bl fodYi ls esjh leL;k rRdky rks Vy tk,xh D;ksafd
gksus dh n`f"V ls lgh Bgjk;k tk ldrk gS vkSj O;fDrxr fgr LFkkukarj.k vFkok vodk'k dh fLFkfr esa eSa ml ifj;kstuk ls
dh n`f"V ls Hkh ;g fodYi mfpr izrhr gksrk gS] D;ksafd blls eqDr gks tkm¡Qxk] exj esjh ;g izo`fÙk iyk;uoknh dgh tk,xh
ofj"B vfèkdkjh izlUu gksxkA ijarq bl fodYi dks tufgr rFkk D;ksafd blesa leL;k dk lekèkku u dj mlls Hkkxk tk jgk gSA
xq.koÙkk ds fgr esa ugha dgk tk ldrkA FkksM+h xgjkbZ ls ns[ksa ogha bl fodYi ls iqy dk fuekZ.k dk;Z pyrk jgsxk vkSj
rks ;g Lofgr esa Hkh ugha gS] D;ksafd ;fn okLro esa tkucw>dj dfe;k¡ tl&dh&rl jg tk,axh] tks vkxs pydj yksdfgr esa
ekunaMksa dh vogsyuk dh tk jgh gS rks ;g ”k:jh gS fd eSa Hkh ugha gksxk vkSj Hkfo"; esa iqy ds {kfrxzLr gksus ij esjs dk;ks±
mlds izfr viuh fyf[kr vlgefr n'kkZmQ¡ vU;Fkk nq?kZVuk dh dk ewY;kdu Hkh rks fd;k tk,xk ftlesa eSa nks"kh ik;k tkm¡QxkA
fLFkfr esa tk¡p gksus ij eq>s Hkh nks"kh le>k tk,xkA vr% ;g fodYi lgh ugha gksxkA
(ii) ;g ,d csgrj fodYi gS] D;ksafd foLr`r fjiksVZ cukus ls bu lHkh fodYiksa esa fdlh Hkh fodYi dks iwjh rjg lgh ugha
oLrqfLFkfr ”;knk lkiQ gksxh vkSj eq[; vfHk;ark ;fn dsoy Bgjk;k tk ldrkA fn;s x, fodYiksa dks feyk&tqykdj ,d csgrj
tYnck”kh esa iwjs rF;ksa dh tkudkjh ds fcuk lgefr ns jgk gksxk fodYi rS;kj fd;k tk ldrk gSA eSa bl ifjfLFkfr esa lcls igys
rks mldk è;ku Li"V :i ls dfe;ksa dh vksj tk,xk vkSj laHko dfu"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ls Li"Vhdj.k ekaxw¡xkA muds Li"Vhdj.k rFkk vius
gS fd og viuk vkns'k cnyrs gq, dke jksdus dks dgsA ;fn fujh{k.k ds vkèkkj ij ,d foLr`r fjiksVZ rS;kj d:¡xkA ml fjiksVZ dks
og fyf[kr :i ls dke tkjh j[kus dk vkns'k Hkh nsrk gS rks eq[; vfHk;ark ds le{k izLrqr d:¡xkA lkFk gh ;g Hkh lqfuf'pr d:¡xk
Hkh Hkfo"; esa nq?kZVuk gksus ij vkids le{k ;g nyhy miyCèk
fd eq[; vfHk;ark ds ofj"Bksa dks bl iwjs ekeys dh tkudkjh gksA ;fn
jgsxh fd dke vkidh lykg dks njfdukj djrs gq, djok;k
bu lc ds ckn Hkh eq[; vfHk;ark ds fopkj ugha cnyrs gSa vkSj og
x;kA vr% esjs O;fDrxr fgr Hkh lajf{kr gks tk,axsA
fyf[kr vkns'k tkjh djrk gS rks mlds vkns'k dk ikyu djrs gq,
;g fodYi dkuwuh o iz'kklfud n`f"V ls rks iwjh rjg lgh gS]
iz;kl d:¡xk fd fuekZ.k dk;Z vfèkdre xq.koÙkk ds lkFk laiUu gksA
ijarq uSfrd n`f"V ls ek=k fjiksVZ cuk nsus o ml ij fyf[kr vkns'k ys
ysus ls gh esjh f”kEessnkjh iwjh ugha gks tkrhA ;fn fuekZ.k dk;Z esa Hkwysa iz'u% rfeyukMq esa f'kodklh iVk[kk vkSj fn;klykbZ fuekZrkvksa
csgn xaHkhj o Li"V izÑfr dh gSa rks dke tkjh j[kus dh vuqefr nsus ds lewgksa ds fy;s izfl¼ gSA ;gk¡ dh LFkkuh; vFkZO;oLFkk
okyk eq[; vfHk;ark Hkh Hkz"Vkpkj esa 'kkfey gks ldrk gSA blfy;s ;g vfèkdka'kr% iVk[kk m|ksx ij fuHkZj gSA blh ls bl {ks=k dk
vko';d gS fd vfu;ferrk dh lwpuk u dsoy vkids ofj"B rd vkfFkZd fodkl gqvk gS vkSj jgu&lgu dk Lrj Hkh
cfYd mlds ofj"Bksa rd Hkh igq¡psA lqèkjk gSA

670
 tgk¡ rd iVk[kk m|ksx tSls [krjukd m|ksxksa ds fy;s cky On your visit to one of the units at Sivakasi, the owner
Jfed fu;eksa dk iz'u gS] varjkZ"Vªh; Je&laxBu (ILO) takes you around the unit which has about 10-15
children below 14 years of age. The owner tells you that
us Je gsrq U;wure vk;q&lhek 18 o"kZ fuèkkZfjr dh gS] in his household-based unit, the children are all his
tcfd Hkkjr esa ;g vk;q&lhek 14 o"kZ gSA relatives. You notice that several children smirk, when
iVk[kksa ds vkS|ksfxd {ks=k dh bdkb;ksa dks iathÑr rFkk the owner tells you this. On deeper enquiry, you figure
viathÑr nks Jsf.k;ksa esa oxhZÑr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ?kjksa out that neither the owner nor the children are able to
ij vkèkkfjr dk;Z'kkyk,¡ ,d fof'k"V bdkbZ gSaA ;|fi satisfactorily establish their relationship with each other.
iathÑr@viathÑr bdkb;ksa esa cky Jfed jks”kxkj ds (a) Bring out and discuss the ethical issues involved in
the above case.
fo"k; esa dkuwu Li"V gS] ?kjksa ij vkèkkfjr dk;Z mlds
(b) What would be your reaction after your above visit?
varxZr ugha vkrsA ,slh bdkb;ksa esa ekuk tkrk gS fd ckyd
vius ekrk&firk o lacafèk;ksa dh ns[k&js[k esa dk;Z dj jgs mÙkj % (a) varxzZLr uSfrd fo"k;% bl dsl LVMh esa vkfFkZd
gSaA cky Jfed ekudksa ls cpus ds fy;s vusd bdkb;k¡ fodkl] mls izkIr djus dk rjhdk] vkfFkZd fodkl dk forj.k rFkk
vius dks ?kjksa ij vkèkkfjr dk;Z crkrh gSa vkSj ckgjh ckyJe ls tqM+s vusd uSfrd eqís varxzZLr gSaA lcls igyk eqík vkfFkZd
ckydksa dks jks”kxkj nsrh gSaA ;g dgus dh vko';drk ugha fodkl gh gS] blls tqM+k uSfrd iz'u gS fd vkfFkZd fodkl lkè; gS
fd ckydksa dh HkrhZ ls bu bdkb;ksa dh ykxr cprh gS] ;k lkèku\ D;k vkfFkZd fodkl vius vki esa vafre ifj.kke gks ldrk
ftlls muds ekfydksa dks vfèkd ykHk feyrk gSA gS\ blh iz'u ls vkfFkZd fodkl ds forj.k dk eqík Hkh tqM+k gSA D;k
vkius f'kodklh esa ,d bdkbZ dk nkSjk fd;k] ftlesa 14 vkfFkZd fodkl esa Hkkxhnkj Jfedksa rd mudk fgLlk igq¡p jgk gSA
o"kZ ls de vk;q ds yxHkx 10-15 ckyd dke djrs gSaA bl dsl LVMh ls tqM+k ,d vU; uSfrd eqík lkèku&lkè; dh
mldk ekfyd vkidks bdkbZ ifjlj esa ?kqekrk gSA ekfyd ifo=krk dk Hkh gS fd D;k vkfFkZd fodkl gkfly djus ds fy;s
vkidks crkrk gS fd ?kj&vkèkkfjr bdkbZ esa os ckyd mlds ckyJe tSls lkèku dk mi;ksx mfpr ekuk tk ldrk gS\ ;fn xkaèkhth
lacaèkh gSaA vki ns[krs gSa fd tc ekfyd ;g crk jgk gS dh u”kjksa ls ns[ksa rks lkèku rFkk lkè; nksuksa dh ifo=krk vko';d gS
rks dbZ ckyd [khl fuiksjrs gSaA xgu iwNrkN esa vki tku vkSj ckyJe tSls uk”kqd elyksa ij rks ifj.kkefujis{kokn (fMvkWUVksykWth)
tkrs gSa fd ekfyd vkSj ckyd ijLij dksbZ lacèa k larks"ktud dh vfèkd lgh fopkjèkkjk tku iM+rh gSA
:i ls fl¼ ugha dj ik,A bu eqíksa esa lcls egÙoiw.kZ eqík ckyJe ls tqM+k gSA Hkkjrh;
(a) bl izdj.k esa varxZzLr uSfrd fo"k; Li"V dhft;s vkSj lafoèkku 14 o"kZ rd ds cPpksa ds fy;s fu%'kqYd vfuok;Z f'k{kk dh
mudh O;k[;k dhft;sA xkjaVh nsrk gSA ,sls esa bu fujhg ckydksa dk iVk[ks cukus tSls [krjukd
(b) bl nkSjs ds ckn vkidh D;k izfrfØ;k gksxh\ dke esa fu;kstu fdlh Hkh n`f"V ls mfpr ugha Bgjk;k tk ldrkA
(250 'kCn] 20 vad) dkuwu Hkh ,sls fu;kstu ij Li"V :i ls izfrcaèk yxkrk gSA blfy;s
Sivakasi in Tamil Nadu is known for its manufacturing bl rjg dk ckyJe vuSfrd] xSj&dkuwuh o vlaoSèkkfud gSA
clusters on firecrackers and matches. The local economy bl lanHkZ esa ,d uSfrd iz'u ;g Hkh mBrk gS fd ,sls [krjukd
of the area is largely dependent on firecrackers industry.
It has led to tangible economic development and
m|ksxksa esa D;k cPpksa dks ?kjsyw bdkb;ksa esa dke djus dh Hkh vuqefr
improved standard of living in the area. gksuh pkfg;s\ ckyJe ls lacafèkr dkuwu cukrs le; ?kjsyw bdkb;ksa dks
So far as child labour norms for hazardous industries NwV nsus dk mís'; fuf'pr :i ls bu bdkb;ksa dks iqfyl izrkM+uk rFkk
like firecrackers industry are concerned, International varjkZ"Vªh; izfrcaèkksa ls cpkuk jgk gksxk] D;ksafd cPps ?kj ds dkeksa esa
Labour Organization (ILO) has set the minimum age LokHkkfod :i ls dqN&u&dqN enn dj jgs gSa rks mls Bhd ekuk tk
as 18 years. In India, however, this age is 14 years.
ldrk gS] ysfdu cPpksa ls mudk cpiu Nhudj mUgsa Jfed cuk nsus
The units in industrial clusters of firecrackers can be
classified into registered and non-registered entities. dk vfèkdkj muds ekrk&firk dks Hkh ugha gSA
One typical unit is household-based work. Though the mÙkj % (b) izfrfØ;k% (;g ekurs gq, fd nkSjk iz'kklfud vfèkdkjh
law is clear on the use of child labour employment norms ds :i esa fd;k x;k gSA)
in registered/non-registered units, it does not include
household-based works. Household-based work means vkfFkZd fodkl lekt ds fy;s vko';d gS] ijarq mlds fy;s
children working under the supervision of their parents/ fdlh ds cpiu dh cfy nh tk, ;g dnkfi mfpr ughaA lp rks ;g
relatives. To evade child labour norms, several units gS fd ckyJe vkfFkZd fodkl dks iSnk djus ds fy;s ugha djok;k
project themselves as household-based works but
tk jgk] cfYd blfy;s djok;k tk jgk gS rkfd dqN yksx cky Jfedksa
employ children from outside. Needless to say that
employing children saves the costs for these units leading dks o;Ld Jfedksa dh vis{kk de osru nsdj viuk equkiQk c<+k ldsaA
to higher profits to the owners. bl lanHkZ esa eSa fuEufyf[kr dne mBkšxk%
671
 z ml bdkbZ ds ekfyd ls cPpksa ds tUe izek.ki=k rFkk vU; (a) What are the options available to you?
nLrkos”kksa dh ekax d:¡xk] rkfd dkjZokbZ ds fy;s Bksl vkèkkj (b) Evaluate each of these options and choose the option
which you would adopt, giving reasons.
izkIr gks lds] D;ksafd dsoy vank”k ds vkèkkj ij dkjZokbZ ugha
mÙkj % (a) bl fLFkfr esa esjs ikl fuEufyf[kr fodYi miyCèk gSa%
dh tk ldrhA
z iQksu dks u”kjvank”k djrs gq, viuk dk;Z djrk jgw¡ vkSj lk{kkRdkj
z ;fn bdkbZ dk ekfyd tUe izek.ki=k miyCèk djkus ls euk djrk
ds }kjk loZJs"B izR;k'kh dk gh p;u d:¡A og loZJs"B izR;k'kh
gS ;k vkukdkuh djrk gS rks dkjZokbZ dk vkèkkj curk gSA ;fn og O;fDr Hkh gks ldrk gS] ftldh fliQkfj'k dh xbZ FkhA
tUe izek.ki=k ugha gS rks eSa fpfdRldh; fofèk (cksu MsfUlVh
z futh lfpo dk izLrko eku yw¡ vkSj vfèkdkjh ds fudV lacaèkh
VsLV vkfn) ls mez fuèkkZfjr djokus dk iz;kl d:¡xk] rkfd dk p;u dj yw¡A blls ;|fi ,d de ;ksX;rk dk O;fDr laLFkku
l'kDr ekeyk cusA esa vk ldrk gS] ijarq blls vR;fèkd egÙoiw.kZ foÙkh; vuqnku
z ml bdkbZ ds lkFk&lkFk vU; bdkb;ksa dk Hkh fujh{k.k d:¡xk] Hkh izkIr gks tk,axs] tks laLFkk ds fodkl ds fy;s vko';d gSA
rkfd mudh Hkh tk¡p gks ldsA ;g Hkh ns[kw¡xk fd 14 o"kZ ls uhps z futh lfpo us ftl izR;k'kh dh fliQkfj'k dh gS] mls p;u lwph
ds cPps Ldwy tk jgs gSa ;k ughaA izkFkfed f'k{kk vc cPpksa dk ls ckgj djok nw¡ ;k mls lk{kkRdkj esa brus de vad iznku d:¡
laoSèkkfud o fofèkd vfèkdkj Hkh gSA fd mldk p;u fdlh Hkh dher ij u gks ik,A
z ;fn tk¡p ds nkSjku ik;k tkrk gS fd dkuwu dk O;kid iSekus ij z iwjs ?kVukØe dh lwpuk iqfyl dks nsdj mlls vfèkdkjh ij
nq#i;ksx gks jgk gS rks dkuwu dh dfe;ksa dks bafxr djrs gq, muds dkjZokbZ ds fy;s vuqjksèk d:¡A
nq#i;ksx dk mYys[k d:¡xkA mÙkj % (b) bu fodYiksa esa ls iqfyl ds ikl tkus dk fodYi
iz'u% vki ns'k ds ,d izeq[k rduhdh laLFkku ds vè;{k gSaA mfpr ugha gS] D;ksafd dsoy ,d iQksu vk;k gSA mlds vykok dqN
laLFkku] izksisQljksa ds in ds p;u gsrq vkidh vè;{krk esa Hkh ughaA dqy feykdj vfèkdkjh ds fo#¼ dksbZ izek.k ugha gS] blfy;s
lk{kkRdkj iSuy dk vk;kstu 'kh?kz gh djus okyk gSA iqfyl dks lwpuk nsus dk dksbZ fo'ks"k ykHk ugha gSA gk¡] iqfyl dks
lk{kkRdkj ls dqN fnu igys vkids ikl ,d T;s"B 'kkldh; lwpuk nsus ij O;fDrxr nq'euh ds dkj.k eq>s vkSj esjs laLFkku dks
vfèkdkjh ds futh lfpo dk iQksu vkrk gS] ftlesa vkils gkfu vo'; gks ldrh gSA ;fn iq[rk lcwr gksrs rks iqfyl ds ikl
mDr in ds fy;s ml vfèkdkjh ds ,d fudV lacaèkh ds tk;k tk ldrk FkkA ;gk¡ rks iQksu rd Lo;a mlus ugha cfYd mlds
lfpo us fd;k gSA
i{k esa p;u djus dh vis{kk dh tkrh gSA futh lfpo
;g Hkh crkrs gSa fd vkids laLFkku ds vkèkqfudhdj.k ds izR;k'kh dk p;u dj ysuk ;k mls p;u lwph ls ckgj dj nsuk
Hkh vuqfpr fodYi gSA ml izR;k'kh dk p;u dj ysus ls Hkys gh
fy;s cgqr le; ls yafcr egÙoiw.kZ foÙkh; vuqnku ds
laLFkk dks dqN vkfFkZd ykHk gks tk, ij blls ,d xyr ijaijk dh
izLrkoksa dk mUgsa Kku gS] ftudh vfèkdkjh }kjk LohÑfr
uhao Hkh iM+ tk,xhA fdlh f'k{k.k laLFkku dh xq.koÙkk mlds f'k{kdksa
dh tkuh gSA os vkidks mu izLrkoksa dk vuqeksnu djkus dk
ls gh vk¡dh tkrh gS vkSj bl ekeys esa le>kSrk ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
vk'oklu nsrs gSaA vkfFkZd lgk;rk izkIr djus ds fy;s vuSfrd rjhds viukuk mfpr
(a) vkids ikl D;k&D;k fodYi miyCèk gSa\ ugha] mlds fy;s vU; uSfrd rjhds ryk'k fd;s tk ldrs gSaA
(b) izR;sd fodYi dk ewY;kadu dhft;s vkSj crkb;s fd tc rd ;g Li"V izek.k ugha gS fd fliQkfj'k izR;k'kh us gh
vki dkSu&lk fodYi pqusaxs vkSj D;ksa\ yxokbZ gS rc rd mls p;u izfØ;k ls ckgj djus dk Hkh dksbZ vkSfpR;
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) ugha gSA vxj og okLro esa ;ksX; gS rks mls p;u dk volj feyuk
You are heading a leading technical institute of the pkfg;sA vxj og v;ksX; gS rks ;ksX;rk ds vuqlkj p;u fd;s tkus ij
country. The institute is planning to convene an og Lo;eso p;fur ugha gks ik,xkA vr% lk{kkRdkj lfefr ds vè;{k
interview panel shortly under your chairmanship for
ds :i esa esjk lkjk ”kksj ;ksX;rkuqlkj fu"i{k p;u ij gksuk pkfg;sA
selection of the post of professors. A few days before the
interview, you get a call from the Personal Secretary iz'u% foÙk ea=kky; esa ,d ojh; vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs] ljdkj
(PS) of a senior government functionary seeking your }kjk ?kksf"kr fd;s tkus okys dqN uhfrxr fu.kZ;ksa dh xksiuh;
intervention in favour of the selection of a close relative ,oa egÙoiw.kZ lwpuk dh vkidks tkudkjh feyrh gSA bu
of the functionary for this post. The PS also informs you fu.kZ;ksa ds Hkou ,oa fuekZ.k m|ksx ij nwjxkeh izHkko iM+
that he is aware of the long pending and urgent
ldrs gSaA ;fn Hkou fuekZrkvksa dks igys gh ;g tkudkjh
proposals of your institute for grant of funds for
modernization, which are awaiting the functionary’s fey tkrh gS rks os mlls cM+s ykHk mBk ldrs gSaA fuekZrkvksa
approval. He assures you that he would get these esa ls ,d ,slk gS] ftlus ljdkj ds fy;s vPNh xq.koÙkk
proposals cleared. dk dkiQh dke fd;k gS vkSj og vkids vklUu ofj"B

672
 vfèkdkjh dk ?kfu"B gS] ftUgksaus vkidks mDr lwpuk dk gSA lkFk gh blesa ;g Hkh Mj ugha gS fd eSa fdlh Hkz"Vkpkj esa i¡Ql
ml fuekZrk dks vuko`Ùk djus ds fy;s ladsr Hkh fn;k gSA tkÅ¡A NksVs&eksVs uqdlku dh dher ij 'kklu dh ikjnf'kZrk rFkk lsok
(a) vkids ikl D;k&D;k fodYi miyCèk gSa\ {ks=k dh uSfrdrk dks Hkax ugha fd;k tk ldrkA blfy;s eSa nwljs fodYi
(b) izR;sd fodYi dk ewY;kadu djds crkb;s fd vki dkSu&lk dk pquko d:¡xkA
fodYi pquxas \s mlds dkj.k Hkh crkb;sA iz'u% vki mHkjrh gqbZ ,d ,slh lwpuk rduhdh daiuh ds dk;Zdkjh
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) funs'kd gSa] tks ck”kkj esa uke dek jgh gSA
As a senior officer in the Finance Ministry, you have daiuh ds uk;d drkZ] Ø;&foØ; ny ds izeq[k Jh A gSaA
access to some confidential and crucial information
,d o"kZ dh vYikofèk esa mUgksaus daiuh ds jktLo dks nqxuk
about policy decisions that the Government is about to
announce. These decisions are likely to have far- djus esa ;ksxnku fn;k gS vkSj daiuh ds 'ks;j dks mPp
reaching impact on the housing and construction ewY; oxZ esa LFkkfir fd;k gS] ftlds dkj.k vki mUgsa
industry. If the builders have access to this information inksUur djus ij fopkj dj jgs gSa] ijarq vkidks dbZ Ïksrksa
beforehand, they can make huge profits. One of the ls efgyk lg;ksfx;ksa ds izfr muds joS;s dh] fo'ks"kdj
builders has done a lot of quality work for the
Government and is known to be close to your immediate efgykvksa ij vla;r fVIif.k;k¡ djus dh vknr dh lwpuk
superior, who asks you to disclose this information to fey jgh gSA blds vfrfjDr og ny ds vU; lnL;ksa]
the said builder. ftuesa efgyk,¡ Hkh lfEefyr gSa] dks fu;fer :i ls vHknz
(a) What are the options available to you? SMS Hkh Hkstrs gSaA
(b) Evaluate each of these options and choose the option
,d fnu nsj 'kke Jh A ds ny dh ,d lnL;k Jherh
which you would adopt, giving reasons.
X vkids ikl vkrh gS] tks cgqr ijs'kku fn[krh gS vkSj
mÙkj % (a) ,d ojh; vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs tgk¡ esjs Åij xksiuh;
Jh A ds lrr nqjkpj.k dh f'kdk;r djrh gS] tks muds
lwpuk dks vuko`Ùk u djus dk nkf;Ro gS] ogha nwljh rjiQ ljdkj ds
izfr vokaNuh; izLrko j[krs jgrs gSa vkSj vius d{k esa mUgsa
fy;s vPNk dke dj pqdh laLFkk rFkk ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ds ladsr
vuqi;qDr :i ls Li'kZ djus dh ps"Vk rd dh gSA
ds dkj.k lwpuk ns nsus dk Hkh ncko gSA bl fLFkfr esa eksVs rkSj ij
esjs ikl nks gh fodYi gSa] ftlds varfuZfgr dbZ vU; eqís gSa& og efgyk viuk R;kxi=k nsdj dk;kZy; ls pyh tkrh gSA
(i) igyk fodY; ;g gS fd eSa ncko esa vkrs gq, xksiuh; lwpukvksa (a) vkids ikl D;k&D;k fodYi miyCèk gSa\
dks vuko`Ùk dj nw¡A (b) buesa ls izR;sd fodYi dk ewY;kadu dhft;s ,oa ftl
(ii) nwljk fodYi ;g gS fd eSa reke nckoksa dks u”kjvank”k djrs fodYi dks vki pqurs gSa] mls pquus ds dkj.k nhft;sA
gq, lwpukvksa dh xksiuh;rk cuk, j[kw¡A  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
You are the Executive Director of an upcoming InfoTech
mÙkj % (b) vc vxj igys fodYi dh ckr djsa rks ;g Bhd gS
Company which is making a name for itself in the
fd blls ,d ,slh laLFkk dks enn fey tk,xh] ftlus igys ljdkj market.
ds fy;s vPNk dke fd;k Fkk rFkk lkFk gh blls esjs ofj"B vfèkdkjh Mr. A, who is a star performer, is heading the marketing
Hkh çlUu gks tk,axs] ¯drq dbZ dkj.kksa ls ;g fodYi vuqfpr gS& team. In a short period of one year, he has helped in
z ;g ,d çdkj dk Hkz"Vkpkj gS rFkk [kqys rkSj ij ^lfoZl :Yl doubling the revenues as well as creating a high brand
equity for the Company so much so that you are thinking
,aM daMDV* dk mYya?ku gSA
of promoting him. However, you have been receiving
z cgqr laHko gS fd ;fn blds fo#¼ f'kdk;r gksrh gS rks eSa idM+k information from many corners about his attitude
tkšxkA blls esjh ukSdjh Hkh [krjs esa iM+ tk,xhA towards the female colleagues; particularly his habit of
z ;g çkÑfrd U;k; ds Hkh fo#¼ gS] D;ksafd fdlh ,d laLFkk dks making loose comments on women. In addition, he
regularly sends indecent SMS’s to all the team members
iwoZ lwpuk ns nsus ls ckdh laLFkk,¡ uqdlku esa jgsaxhA
including his female colleagues.
z lkFk gh blls ,d xyr ijaijk 'kq: gks tk,xh rFkk eq>ls vkxs
One day, late in the evening, Mrs. X, who is one of Mr.
Hkh ;g mEehn dh tk,xh fd eSa bl rjg dk voSèk ykHk igq¡pkÅ¡A A’s team members, comes to you visibly disturbed. She
blfy;s igyk fodYi viukus ;ksX; ugha gSA complains against the continued misconduct of Mr. A,
who has been making undesirable advances towards
nwljs fodYi esa ;|fi esjs vklUu ckWl ds vçlUu gksus dk [krjk
her and has even tried to touch her inappropriately in
gS rFkk blls Hkfo"; esa eq>s dqN uqdlku Hkh mBkuk iM+ ldrk gS] his cabin. She tenders her resignation and leaves your
ysfdu blls esjh bZekunkjh vkSj lR;fu"Bk tSls ewY;ksa dh j{kk gksrh office.

673
 (a) What are the options available to you? lkFk gh mls ehfM;k dk Hkh Hk; fn[kkÅ¡xk fd vxj ckr ogk¡ rd
(b) Evaluate each of these options and choose the option igqp
¡ xbZ rks og xaHkhj ladV esa i¡Ql ldrk gSA
you would adopt, giving reasons.
i;kZIr ncko cukus ds ckn esa mlls fyf[kr ekiQhukek ywx¡ k] ftlesa
mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr ekeys esa ,d rjiQ daiuh dks ykHk fnykus
og viuh xyrh Lohdkj djs rFkk Hkfo"; esa ,slk u djus dk oknk
okys deZpkjh dk loky gS rks nwljh rjiQ efgyk lqj{kk rFkk dk;kZy;
djsA ;g ekiQhukek ml efgykdehZ ds çfr lacksfèkr gksxk rFkk eSa
dh dk;Z&laLÑfr dk ç'u gSA pw¡fd Jh ^A* ds f[kykiQ fujarj f'kdk;rsa
efgykdehZ ls dgwx¡ k fd ;fn og lar"q V gSa rks fyf[kr :i ls bls
vk jgh gSa vkSj ,d efgykdehZ us R;kxi=k Hkh ns fn;k gS rks çFke
Lohdkj djsAa eq>s mEehn gS fd bl çdkj leL;k dk mfpr lekèkku
n`"V;k vkjksi lgh yxrk gSA gkyk¡fd lkFk gh ,d jktLo çnkrk
fd;k tk ldsxkA
deZpkjh ij dBksj dkjZokbZ djuk Hkh vklku ugha gksxkA bl lanHkZ esa
iz'u% vkfnoklh] lekt dh eq[; èkkjk ls vyx jgus okys yksx
fuEukafdr fodYi miyCèk gSa&
gSa] tks viuh fof'k"V laLÑfr ,oa jgu&lgu ds fy;s tkus
(d) eSa efgykdehZ dk bLrhiQk Lohdkj dj yw¡ rFkk muls dgw¡ fd
tkrs gSaA ;s ges'kk ls vkd"kZ.k ds dsaæ jgs gSaA u dsoy ns'kh
;fn vfèkd leL;k gS rks dgha vkSj dke dj ysaA
cfYd fons'kh i;ZVd Hkh budh laLÑfr dks tkuus ds fy;s
([k) eSa bLrhiQk okil dj nw¡ rFkk muls dgw¡ fd ekeys dks vkxs u
mRlqd jgrs gSaA ljdkj }kjk dkuwu cukdj budh Lok;Ùkrk
c<+k,¡] blls daiuh dh lk[k [kjkc gksxhA dks lqfuf'pr fd;k x;k gSA bl dkuwu ds vuqlkj] dksbZ
(x) eSa bLrhiQk okil dj nw¡ rFkk mUgsa mfpr dkjZokbZ dk vk'oklu nwA¡ Hkh O;fDr vkfnokfl;ksa ds oklLFky ij ugha tk ldrk gS]
mÙkj % (b) vc mi;qZDr fodYiksa ds çfr esjh jk; fuEukafdr gS& fdarq LFkkuh; eNqvkjksa }kjk voSèk rjhds ls fonsf'k;ksa ls
(i) fodYi ^d* bl ckr ij vkèkkfjr gS fd fdlh Hkh dher ij vfèkd iSlk ysdj mUgsa vkfnokfl;ksa ds {ks=kksa esa igq¡pk;k
daiuh dks jktLo fnykus okys deZpkjh dks ckgj ugha fd;k tkrk gSA dqN èkeZ çpkjd Hkh ogk¡ vius èkeZ dk çpkj
tk,xkA ;g u dsoy vuSfrd fodYi gS] cfYd Jh ‘A’ ds djus dk ç;kl dj jgs gSaA ;g ekeyk çdk'k esa rc vk;k]
vijkèk dks fNikus okyk Hkh gSA blls vU; efgykdfeZ;ksa esa tc ,d fons'kh O;fDr dh vkfnokfl;ksa }kjk gR;k dj nh
xyr lans'k tk,xk rFkk dk;kZy; dh dk;Z&laLÑfr foÑr gks xbZ] ftlus voSèk rjhds ls vkfnokfl;ksa ds bykds esa ços'k
tk,xhA vr% ;g fodYi viukus ;ksX; ugha gSA fd;k FkkA
(ii) nwljk fodYi ;|fi efgykdehZ dk R;kxi=k okil dj nsrk gS] bl lanHkZ esa ljdkj }kjk Rofjr dkjZokbZ djrs gq, ,d Vhe
¯drq ;g ckr vkxs u c<+kus dh ckr dgdj mfpr lekèkku dh xfBr dh xbZ gSA vkfnoklh ekeyksa ds tkudkj gksus ds
ctk; ekeys dks nckuk pkgrk gSA lkFk gh ;fn efgyk iqfyl esa ukrs vkidks ml Vhe dk usr`Ro fn;k x;k gS] ftls dkuwu
f'kdk;r djrh gS rks daiuh dh lk[k vkSj Hkh [kjkc gksxhA fiQj ds mYya?ku dh tk¡p ,oa bu voSèk xfrfofèk;ksa esa lafyIr
dksbZ dkjZokbZ u djus esa Jh 'A' rFkk ,sls vU; dfeZ;ksa dk nqLlkgl yksxksa ds çfr vuq'kklukRed dkjZokbZ djuh gSA bl leL;k
c<+sxk rFkk Hkfo"; esa os vkSj vfèkd vHknzrk dj ldrs ds lanHkZ esa mBk, x, rkRdkfyd vkSj nh?kZdkfyd dneksa
gSAa ;g fLFkfr vkSj dfBu gksxhA vr% nwljk fodYi Hkh viukus dh ppkZ dhft;sA  (150 'kCn] 10 vad)
yk;d ugha gSA Tribals are people living separately from mainstream
society, who are known for their distinct culture and
(iii) fodYi ^x* lcls larqfyr gSA bl fodYi dks viukrs gq, eSa
lifestyle. They are always the centre of attraction. Not
fuEukafdr :i ls mls iwjk d:¡xk& only native but also foreign tourists are eager to know
lcls igys eSa efgykdehZ dks fo'okl fnykšxk fd muds lkFk about their culture. Their autonomy has been ensured
dksbZ vU;k; ugha gksxkA eSa muls dgwx¡ k fd ;fn og pkgsa rks fyf[kr by the Government by enacting a law. According to this
law, nobody can go to the homestead of the tribals. But
f'kdk;r djsa rFkk bl lanHkZ esa fo'kk[kk funs'Z kksa ds rgr tk¡p lfefr
foreign tourists are illegally charged exorbitantly and
cSBk nh tk, vFkok vxj og ml Lrj rd ugha tkuk pkgrh gksa rFkk are taken to tribal areas by the local fishermen. Also,
eq>ls ;g mEehn djrh gksa fd eSa mfpr dkjZokbZ d:¡ rks eSa ,slk d:¡xkA some religious preachers are trying to propagate their
egÙoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd dkjZokbZ mudh vis{kkvksa ds vuq:i gksA religion. The matter came to light when a foreigner, who
had illegally entered the tribal area, was murdered by
;fn og fyf[kr f'kdk;r djrh gSa rks tk¡p lfefr cSBk nw¡xk
tribals.
vU;Fkk O;fDrxr Lrj ls ekeys dks lqy>kus dk ç;kl d:¡xkA A team has been formed through quick action of the
lcls igys 'A' ls ckrphr dj leL;k dh oSèkrk dk vuqeku government in this connection. As an expert in tribal
d:¡xkA ;fn ;g lp gksrk gS rks 'A' dks le>kÅ¡xk fd mldh ;g affairs, you have been given the leadership of the team,
gjdr mlds iwjs Hkfo"; dks lekIr dj ldrh gSA mlds eu esa ;g which has to investigate violations of law and recommend
disciplinary action against those indulging in these
Hkh Mj iSnk d:¡xk fd mlds f[kykiQ fyf[kr f'kdk;r gqbZ gS rFkk illegal activities. Suggest the immediate and long-term
tk¡p lfefr cSB jgh gSA steps that can be taken with respect to this problem.

674
 mÙkj% bl lacaèk esa dqN rkRdkfyd dne mBk, tk ldrs gSa] gSA blh nkSjku tk¡p ,tsafl;ksa }kjk ,d yksdlsod ds voSèk
tks fuEufyf•r gSa% Hkw&vkoaVu ls lacafèkr Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekeys esa lafyIr gksus
z voSèk ^vkfnoklh i;ZVu* dks rRdky çHkko ls jksdk tkuk pkfg;sA dh iqf"V dh xbZA yksdlsok dh vkM+ esa djksM+ksa dh O;fDrxr
bl rjg ds vkanksyu dks c<+kok nsus okys fdlh Hkh O;fDr ;k laifÙk dk laxzg djuk yksdlsodksa ds uSfrd iru dk
laLFkk ls iwjh fofèkd 'kfDr ds lkFk fuiVk tk,xkA ifjpk;d gSA yksdlsodksa esa mHkjrh gqbZ bl ço`fÙk dks jksdus
z i;ZVu ds ekeyksa esa lHkh •kfe;ksa (lqj{kk •kfe;ksa] ç'kklfud ds fy;s ljdkj }kjk D;k ç;kl fd;s x, gSa\ bl leL;k
Hkz"Vkpkj] fujh{k.k dk vHkko] vkfn) dks nwj fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA ds lanHkZ esa vki D;k mik; lq>k,axs\
z i;ZVu dh vkM+ esa fdlh Hkh ^bathyokn* (Evangelism-vFkkZr~  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
bZlkbZ er ds izpkj) ij çfrcaèk yxk;k tkuk pkfg;sA i;ZVu ,oa It is the duty of the public servants to serve the people
ou foHkkx dks ”k:jr iM+us ij fu;eksa dks v|frr (Update) with honesty, integrity and responsibility. Ethics has
also been incorporated in the syllabus of civil services
djus ,oa lHkh i;ZVd ,tsafl;ksa dks bldh lwpuk nsus ds fy;s
examination to inculcate these values in public servants.
dgk tk,xkA Also, civil servants are prepared for the same through
z ekjs x, fons'kh ukxfjd ds lanHkZ esa fons'kh nwrkokl@mPpk;ksx additional activities during training. Despite this, many
lfgr lHkh fgrèkkjdksa dks 'kkfey djrs gq, bl ekeys dh iwjh public servants after joining the service have been found
tk¡p gksuh pkfg;sA iSls ysdj i;ZVdksa dks voSèk :i ls ykus vkSj deviating from the moral path and indulging in illicit
ys tkus okys eNqvkjksa dks fxjÝrkj fd;k tkuk pkfg;s rFkk mfpr and corrupt practices. A board has been constituted by
the Ministry of personnel to check this growing trend
tk¡p ds ckn eqdnek pyk;k tkuk pkfg;sA
in public servants. As a senior public servant, you have
z yhdst tksu (og {ks=k tks mYya?kudÙkkZvksa }kjk mi;ksx esa yk;k tkrk been made its Chairman. Meanwhile, a public servant
gS) dks lqjf{kr vkSj fdlh Hkh ckgjh xfrfofèk ds fy;s vo#¼ fd;k was confirmed to be involved in the corruption related
tkuk pkfg;s rkfd laons u'khy tutkfr;ksa dks ,slk vHk;kj.; iznku to illegal land allotment by the investigating agencies.
fn;k lds ftlds os dkuwuh rkSj ij gdnkj gSAa The embezzlement of millions in personal property
under the guise of public service is a reflection of the
nh?kZdkyhu mik; moral decay of public servants.
z ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s uhfrxr dne mBk, tkus pkfg;s fd What efforts have been made by the Government to
vkfne vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa dks ns•us ds vkd"kZ.k esa ckgjh yksx check this rising trend in public servants? What
fdlh çdkj dk dksbZ vfrØe.k u djsaA measures will you suggest in the context of this problem?
z lHkh fgrèkkjdksa [u`foKkfu;ksa (Anthropologists) vkSj O;k[;kdkjksa mÙkj% ç'kklfud Hkz"Vkpkj Hkkjrh; ukSdj'kkgh dh ,d çeq•
(Interpreters) lfgr] ftUgksaus vrhr esa bu vkfnokfl;ksa ds lkFk leL;k vkSj lq'kklu ds ekxZ esa cM+h ckèkk gSA
liQyrkiwoZd laokn fd;k gS] dks uhfr fuekZ.k esa 'kkfey fd;k ljdkj ds ç;kl
tkuk pkfg;sA
z dkuwuh mik; tSl&s Hkz"Vkpkj fuokj.k vfèkfu;e] vkpkj lafgrk vkfn
z x`g ea=kky; }kjk ,sls vkfnoklh {ks=kksa esa i;ZVdksa ds nkSjs ds fy;s
iqu% ^izfrcafèkr {ks=k ijfeV* ykxw fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA vkSj fuxjkuh laLFkk,¡ tSls& yksdiky ,oa yksdk;qDr] dSx] lh-ch-
vkbZ-] lh-oh-lh- rFkk jkT; lrdZrk funs'kky; igys ls ekStwn gSaA
z vkfnoklh i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsus ds mik;ksa dks ^ns[kks] Nqvks er* (Hands
off, Eyes on) uhfr ds lkFk larfq yr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA z Lora=krk ds i'pkr~ yksd lsokvksa esa lqèkkj djus ds mís'; ls dbZ
iz'u% yksdlsodksa dk ;g dÙkZO; gS fd yksxksa dh lsok bZekunkjh] lfefr;ksa ,oa vk;ksxksa dk xBu fd;k x;k gS ftuesa& ih-lh- gksuk
lR;fu"Bk ,oa f”kEesnkjh ds lkFk djsaA yksdlsodksa esa bUgha lfefr] okbZ-ds- vy?k lfefr] çFke ç'kklfud lqèkkj vk;ksx] f}rh;
ewY;ksa dks varfuZfo"V djus ds fy;s flfoy lsok ijh{kk ds ç'kklfud lqèkkj vk;ksx vkfn çeq• gSAa o"kZ 2013 esa yksd lsok dh
ikBÔØe esa Hkh uhfr'kkL=k fo"k; dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA ijh{kk esa uSfrdrk ij ,d ç'u&i=k dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k FkkA
blds lkFk gh çf'k{k.k ds nkSjku vfrfjDr xfrfofèk;ksa ds z dSMj vkoaVu esa iQkmaMs'ku dkslZ ds nkSjku çkscs'kujksa ds çn'kZu
ekè;e ls flfoy lsodksa dks blds fy;s rS;kj fd;k tkrk dks egÙo nsus dk çLrko Hkh gSA
gSA blds ckotwn lsok esa 'kkfey gksus ds i'pkr~ dbZ lq>k, x, mik;%
yksdlsodksa dks uSfrd iFk ls fopfyr gksdj voSèk ,oa
Hkz"V O;ogkj esa lafyIr gksrs gq, ns•k x;k gSA yksdlsodksa z ijh{kk esa uhfr'kkL=k ,oa vU; ç'u&i=kksa dh mi;ksfxrk vkSj vdkneh
esa c<+rh gqbZ bl ço`fÙk dks jksdus ds fy;s dkfeZd ea=kky; ds iQkmaMs'ku çf'k{k.k dk O;kid vè;;u fd;k tkuk pkfg;s
}kjk ,d cksMZ dk xBu fd;k x;k gS rFkk ,d ofj"B rkfd ;g irk yxk;k tk lds fd ijh{kk ç.kkyh okLro esa lgh
yksdlsod gksus ds ukrs vkidks mldk ps;jeSu cuk;k x;k mEehnokjksa dh HkrhZ vkSj p;u esa ennxkj gS vFkok ughaA
675
 z fdlh Hkz"V vfèkdkjh ds f•ykiQ eqdnek pykus ds fy;s ljdkj You are an honest and conscientious public servant.
dh ea”kwjh dh vko';drk vDlj yksd lsodksa dks nafMr djus Your appointment as a district officer has been in a
region that is highly sensitive to religious matters. A
ds ç;klksa dks foiQy dj nsrh gSA ea”kwjh dh bl vko';drk dk very ancient religious place is located in the district
ljdkj }kjk ewY;kadu fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA tk¡p ,tsafl;ksa }kjk where women in the lower age group have not been able
naMkRed dkjZokbZ djus vkSj vkSj ea”kwjh nsus dh çfØ;k esa rs”kh to enter till today due to religious beliefs. It is, of course,
ykus ls bu leL;kvksa dk rs”kh ls fuokj.k gks ldsxkA a violation of the fundamental rights provided by the
Constitution to women as citizens. An institution
z yksd lsokvksa esa Hkz"Vkpkj dh tM+sa dkiQh xgjh gSaA jktusrkvksa vkSj
working for women’s welfare filed a petition in the
yksd lsodksa ds chp ,d vLokHkkfod lgkuqHkwfr jgh gSA yksd Supreme Court of the country to end the discrimination
lsokvksa dh lcls cM+h leL;k LFkkfir fu;eksa vkSj çfØ;kvksa dk on which the Court, by giving a judgment in favour of
ikyu djus esa yksd lsodksa esa lkgl dh deh ls mRiUu gksrh women, has ordered the government to end the
gSA ukSdj'kkgksa ds eukscy dks çHkkfor djus okys ewy dkj.kksa prohibition of admission to the shrine. You have been
tSls& vlkef;d vkSj vU;k;iw.kZ LFkkukarj.k dks lacksfèkr fd;s given the responsibility of complying with the order at
the district level. The Supreme Court judgement is being
tkus dh vko';drk gSA ljdkj dks ukSdj'kkgksa dks jktuhfrd opposed by some religious groups, shrine board as well
eè;LFkrk ls cpkus ds fy;s tokcnsgh dks c<+kok nsus gsrq lqj{kk as by the common people who are also being encouraged
mik;ksa dks viukuk pkfg;sA by some political parties. Their argument is that they
z dfj;j ds ,d fuf'pr le; esa vkxs dh lsok ds fy;s v;ksX; have got freedom by the Constitution in religious
matters. Some women who were trying to enter the
le>s tkus okys vfèkdkfj;ksa ds fy;s vfuok;Z lsokfuo`fr ds lanHkZ shrine were stopped and mistreated by other devotees
esa ,d leku uhfr gksuh pkfg;sA and it was declared that women who tried to do so will
iz'u% vki ,d bZ e kunkj ,oa dÙkZ O ;fu"B yks d ls o d gS a A have to suffer the consequences. In this situation, the
f”kykfèkdkjh ds rkSj ij vkidh fu;qfDr ,d ,sls {ks=k esa issue of safety of such women has arisen.
gqbZ gS tks èkkfeZd ekeys esa vR;ar laosnu'khy gSA ml f”kys (a) Explain the underlying ethical issues in this episode.
esa ,d vR;ar çkphu èkkfeZd LFky vofLFkr gS] tgk¡ ,d (b) In this case, discuss the options available to you
mentioning the merits and demerits of each option.
èkkfeZd ekU;rk ds dkj.k de vk;q oxZ dh efgyk,¡ vkt What option will you choose and why?
rd ços'k ugha ik ldh gSaA ;g fu%lansg ,d ukxfjd ds
mÙkj % (a) bl ?kVukØe esa fuEufyf[kr uSfrd eqís 'kkfey gSa%
rkSj ij efgykvksa dks lafoèkku }kjk çnÙk ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa
bl ekeys ls tqM+s vU; fgrèkkjdksa dh Hkkoukvksa dks vkgr fd;s fcuk
dk mYya?ku gSA efgykvksa ds fgr esa dk;Z djus okyh ,d
efgykvksa ds vfèkdkjksa dks lqfuf'pr djuk_ ukxfjdksa ds chp fofHkUu
laLFkk us ns'k ds lokZsPp U;k;ky; esa mDr HksnHkko dks
vkèkkjksa ij gksus okys HksnHkko dk var djuk] pkgs os ekfld èkeZ dh
lekIr djus ls lacafèkr ;kfpdk nk;j dh] ftl ij loksZPp
U;k;ky; us efgykvksa ds i{k esa fu.kZ; nsrs gq, èkeZLFky mez ds vkèkkj ij gksa ;k fyax ds vkèkkj ij_ lafoèkku ds vuqlkj
ij muds ços'k fu"ksèk dks lekIr djus gsrq ljdkj dks ukxfjdksa ds lkFk O;ogkj esa lekurk vkSj tuer ,oa èkkfeZd ekU;rk
vkns'k fn;k gSA f”kyk Lrj ij bldk vuqikyu djkus dh ls tqM+s eqísA
f”kEesnkjh vkidks nh xbZ gSA loksZPp U;k;ky; ds iQSlys bl ekeys ls lacafèkr dqN vU; uSfrd eqís gSa µ dkuwu O;oLFkk
dk dqN èkkfeZd lewgksaµ Jkbu cksMZ (Shrine Board) ds cuke okLrfod thou dh Hk;kog ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa mudk vuqç;ksx_
lkFk&lkFk vke yksxksa }kjk fojksèk fd;k tk jgk gS] ftUgsa efgykvksa ds vfèkdkjksa dh lqj{kk cuke mu ikjaifjd jhfr&fjok”kksa dk
dqN jktuhfrd nyksa dk lg;ksx Hkh çkIr gSA mudk rdZ vuqikyu tks efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa dks de”kksj cukrs gSa_ lkekftd
gS fd lafoèkku }kjk èkkfeZd ekeyksa esa mUgsa Lora=krk iznku vU;k; ls yM+us dh vko';drk cuke lkekftd çfr"Bk ,oa iruksUeq•
dh xbZ gSA ,sls esa dqN efgyk,¡ tks èkeZLFky esa ços'k dk laLÑfr_ ekuokfèkdkjksa dh LohÑfr cuke lkekftd vU;k; dh ijo'krk
ç;kl dj jgh Fkha] mudks vU; HkDrksa }kjk jksd fn;k x;k (ijkèkhurk)_ vkSj lokZsPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ;ksa dh vogsyuk djus
,oa muds lkFk cnlywdh Hkh dh xbZ vkSj ;g ?kksf"kr dj okyh HkhM+ ds le{k efgykvksa dh lqj{kk ,oa lkoZtfud in dh xfjek
fn;k x;k fd tks Hkh efgyk ,slk djus dk ç;kl djsxh] dks cuk, j•ukA
mldk •kfe;k”kk mls Hkqxruk gksxkA ,sls esa mu efgykvksa mÙkj % (b) f”kykfèkdkjh ds lkeus miyCèk fodYi gSa&
dh lqj{kk dk eqík mBrk gSA (1) lcls vklku jkLrk dkuwu O;oLFkk dks cuk, j•us ds uke ij
(a) bl çdj.k esa varfuZfgr uSfrd eqíksa dks Li"V dhft;sA turk ds ncko ds vkxs >qd tkuk gS ftlls O;fDr jktuhfrd
(b) bl fLFkfr esa vkids le{k mifLFkr fodYiksa dks crkrs :i ls lgh vkSj jktusrkvksa ,oa turk dh u”kj esa vPNk cuk
gq, muds xq.k&nks"kksa dh ppkZ dhft;s vkSj crkb;s fd jg ldrk gSA nwljh ;qfDr ;g gks ldrh gS fd iqufoZpkj ;kfpdk
vki fdl fodYi dk p;u djsaxs vkSj D;ksa\ ij vkus okys fu.kZ; ;k eafnj ds can gks tkus ds le; dk bar”kkj fd;k
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) tk, vkSj mlds ckn vkns'kksa dk l[rh ls fØ;kUo;u fd;k tk,A

676
 bl
fodYi dh fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd ;g ,d yksdyqHkkou fodYi Sports are also an effective source of self-control, virtue,
gS tks ml {ks=k ds lkekftd ln~Hkko dks cuk, j[krk gSA ;g tolerance, integrity and social decency and not just
means of recreation in human life. But sports can
turk ds ml rcds dks •q'k j•sxk tks bl vkns'k ds fo#¼
promote the spirit of 'fair behaviour ' and 'equal
gSA bl fodYi esa ;g nks"k gS fd ekfld èkeZ@jtksèkeZ dh vk;q opportunities' only if games incorporate the moral
okyh efgyk,¡ ,oa yM+fd;ksa dks U;k; ugha feysxk vkSj fofèk values and people associated with sports inculcate these
ds 'kklu dks lqfuf'pr djus okys f”kykfèkdkjh dk dk;Z uSfrdrk values. Recently, there has been some mention in the
,oa fofèk ds f•ykiQ gksxkA media where certain prominent sports personalities are
giving controversial comments. It is not only insulting
(2) nwljk fodYi fofèk ds 'kklu dks dk;e j•us dk iw.kZr% lgh
to the sporting spirit and sports ethics but also
rjhdk gS ftlesa U;k;ky; ds vkns'k dks 'kCn'k% ,oa mlh Hkkouk disregards social obligations.
ds lkFk ykxw fd;k tk, rkfd yM+fd;ksa vkSj efgykvksa dks U;k; You are the head of a sports regulatory body and you
dh çkIr gks ldsA have been asked to give necessary suggestions to rectify
z bl fodYi dh fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd efgykvksa dks loksZPp U;k;ky; decline in sports ethics keeping in view the above
ds vkns'kkuqlkj viuk vfèkdkj izkIr gksxk vkSj lafoèkku esa laLFkkfir mentioned case. What would you suggest in these
circumstances?
lekurk ds fl¼kar ,oa dkuwu dh ifo=krk ds ekeys esa turk dks
,d lh• feysxhA bl fodYi dh cqjkbZ ;g gS fd blls turk mÙkj% eSa] •sy fu;ked laLFkk ds çeq• ds :i esa •sy uSfrdrk
ukjk”k gks ldrh gS vkSj {ks=k esa lkekftd v'kkafr iQSy ldrh gSA esa fxjkoV dks nwj djus ds fy;s fuEufyf•r lq>ko nw¡xk%
z eSa fodYi (2) dk p;u d:¡xk@d#¡xh vkSj dkuwu ds 'kklu dks z eSa ns'k esa lHkh •syksa ds lanHkZ esa ,d O;kid ^jk"Vªh; •sy vkpkj

dk;e j•w¡xk@j•w¡xh D;ksafd% lafgrk* dh fliQkfj'k d:¡xk] f•ykfM+;ksa vkSj lHkh lac¼ fgrèkkjdksa
z eSa ,d yksd lsod gw¡ ftls lR;rkiwoZd fofèk ds vuqlkj vkSj (O;fDrxr ,oa laLFkkxr) dks bl vkpkj lafgrk ds vuq:i O;ogkj
uSfrdrk ds lkFk dk;Z djuk pkfg;sA fdlh drZO;fu"B yksdlsod djuk gksxkA ;g vkpkj lafgrk rS;kj djrs le; oSf'od vkSj
ds fy;s fodYi (1) dHkh ,d fodYi ugha gks ldrk gSA {ks=kh; Lrj dh fofHkUu •sy lafgrkvksa ij è;ku fn;k tk,xkA ;g
z eq>ls visf{kr gS fd eSa f”kys esa tu dY;k.k ds fy;s dk;Z d:¡ lHkh •sy fgrèkkjdksa }kjk vuqlj.k dh tkus okyh çLrkouk ds
ftlesa efgyk l'kDrhdj.k vkSj lqj{kk Hkh lfEefyr gSA :i esa dk;Z djsxhA
z ;fn Hkfo"; esa vkns'k dk iqujh{k.k gksrk gS rks eSa mlds vuqlkj z •sy vkpkj lafgrk dks ykxw djus ds fy;s ,d jk"Vªh; •sy vkpkj
dk;Z d:¡xk@d#¡xhA ysfdu bl le; U;k;ky; dk vkns'k gh esjh vk;ksx dk xBu fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
çkFkfedrk gS vkSj mldk vuqikyu djuk dkuwuh vkSj uSfrd& z •sy&lacaèkh laxBuksa (•sy la?kksa vkSj 'kkldh; fudk;ksa] •sy
nksuksa çdkj ls lgh gSA izk;kstdksa] 'kkjhfjd f'k{kk laxBuksa] çf'k{k.k ,tsafl;ksa ,oa laLFkkuksa
iz'u% •sy ekuo thou esa fliQZ euksjatu ds lkèku u gksdj lfgr) dks •sy uSfrdrk rFkk ewY;ksa ij fn'kk&funZs'k tkjh djus
vkRe&fu;a=k.k] ln~xq.k] lfg".kqrk] lR;fu"Bk rFkk lkekftd pkfg;s rkfd •sy Hkkouk] f”kEesnkjh] ns•Hkky] lEeku vkSj fu"i{krk
f'k"Vrk ds çHkkoh lzksr Hkh gksrs gSa] fdarq •sy ^fu"i{k dks c<+kok fn;k tk ldsA
O;ogkj* rFkk ^leku volj* çnku djus okyh Hkkouk dks z ljdkj dks 'kkSfd;k vkSj vkjke ds •syksa (Amateur and Leisure
rHkh vkxs c<+k ldrs gSa tc •syksa esa •sy uSfrdrk ls tqM+s Sports)] tSls& Vªsfdax] ioZrkjksg.k] ;qok Nk=kkokl vkfn ds
ewY;ksa dks laof¼Zr fd;k tk, rFkk •sy ls tqM+s yksxksa }kjk
foÙkiks"k.k esa bZekunkjh ,oa uSfrdrk ds n`f"Vdks.k ls lqèkkj djuk
bu ewY;ksa dks vkRelkr~ fd;k tk,A gky esa ehfM;k esa dqN
pkfg;sA mu laxBuksa vkSj O;fDr;ksa dks çksRlkgu ,oa leFkZu nsuk
,sls çdj.k lkeus vk, gSa] ftuesa •sy ls tqM+s dqN çeq•
pkfg;s ftUgksaus viuh •sy&lacaèkh xfrfofèk;ksa esa uSfrd fl¼karksa
O;fDrRoksa }kjk fookfnr fVIi.kh djuk u dsoy •sy Hkkouk
dk çn'kZu fd;k gS rFkk mu yksxksa dks grksRlkfgr djuk pkfg;s
,oa •sy uSfrdrk dk vieku gS cfYd lkekftd nkf;Roksa
dh Hkh mis{kk gSA tks •sy uSfrdrk dk mYya?ku djrs gSaA
z Ldwy ikB~;Øe esa •sy uSfrdrk dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s 'kkjhfjd
vki ,d •sy fofu;ked laLFkk ds çeq• gSa rFkk vkidks
mi;ZqDr çdj.k dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, •sy uSfrdrk esa vkbZ f'k{kk] •sy f'k{kdksa vkSj çf'k{kdksa ds çksRlkgu ,oa l'kDrhdj.k
bl rjg dh fxjkoV dks nwj djus ds fy;s vko';d lq>ko ds mik; fd;s tkus pkfg;sA
nsus ds fy;s dgk x;k gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vki D;k z •syksa ds O;kolk;hdj.k ij vadq'k yxkus ds fy;s iz;kl fd;s
lq>ko nsaxs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) tkus pkfg;s] blds dkj.k ns'k esa •syksa dk ekgkSy [kjkc gqvk gSA
677
 z •sy esa uLyokn] ”ksuksiQksfc;k (Xenophobia - fonsf'k;ksa ds çfr mÙkj%
ukilanxh ;k nqHkkZouk)] fgalk] ySafxd :f<+okfnrk] ;kSu mRihM+u] uSfrd fpark,¡
Hkz"Vkpkj] cnek'kh (Bullying)] eSp fiQfDlax] vk;q vkSj fyax ds
,u-vkj-lh- ds dk;kZUo;u ls lacafèkr dqN uSfrd fpark,¡ ,oa
lanHkZ esa xyr lwpuk nsuk] Mksfiax ,oa gkseksiQksfc;k dh jksdFkke
ds fy;s ,d ra=k fodflr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA nqfoèkk,¡ fuEufyf•r gSa%
z lekosf'krk (tSlk fd ^olqèkSo dqVqacde~* dk rkRi;Z gS) vkSj lHkh
z •sy esa ;qokvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh ls lacafèkr tfVy eqíksa ds ckjs esa
gekjh le> dks csgrj cukus ds fy;s ljdkj }kjk 'kksèk dk;ks± dks ds fy;s [kqykiu cuke viotZu dh uhfrA
z ekuoh; lgk;rk dh Hkkjrh; uhfr cuke laLÑfr dk laj{k.k vkSj
çksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA •sy lafgrk vkSj fu;eksa dks rS;kj
djus ds nkSjku] Åij fn;s x, nq#i;ksx ds fo'ks"k ekeys dks ,d ewy fuokfl;ksa ds vfèkdkjA
z ,d rjiQ fo|eku O;oLFkk dks tkjh j•us gsrq uSfrd vkSj U;k;laxr
dsl vè;;u ds :i esa 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
fpark,¡ O;kIr gSa] rkfd n'kdksa ls fuokl dj jgs yksx foLFkkfir
iz'u% Hkkjr ds iwokZsÙkj ds jkT;ksa esa voSèk çoklu ,d laosnu'khy
eqík jgk gSA bl eqís ds lekèkku ds fy;s orZeku ljdkj u gksa rks] ogha nwljh rjiQ voSèk çokfl;ksa }kjk Hkwfe ,oa lalkèkuksa
vle tSls jkT; esa jk"Vªh; ukxfjd jftLVj dks v|ru ij voSèk nkoksa dh tk¡p djus dh ckè;rk gSA
z viuh ukxfjdrk fl¼ djus ds fy;s ewy fuokfl;ksa ds ikl
cukus dk ç;kl dj jgh gSA bl ç;kl ls voSèk çokfl;ksa
dh igpku gks ldsxh rFkk oSèk ukxfjdksa ds fy;s lalkèkuksa nLrkos”kksa dh deh dh laHkkouk gSA bl fLFkfr esa ,sls nLrkos”kksa
dks lqjf{kr fd;k tk ldsxk vkSj vkarfjd lqj{kk ls tqM+h dh vuqifLFkfr esa ns'k ds okLrfod ukxfjdksa ds lkFk vuqfpr
fparkvksa dks Hkh de fd;k tk ldsxk] fdarq jk"Vªh; ukxfjd mRihM+u ls lacafèkr fpark,¡ Hkh gSaA
jftLVj ds fØ;kUo;u ds lkFk dbZ uSfrd ,oa fofèkd leL;k ds lekèkku gsrq çLrkfor mik; fuEufyf[kr gSa%
fpark,¡ Hkh mHkjrh gSa rFkk ;g jftLVj çoklu dh leL;k z ,u-vkj-lh- elkSns ij nkos ,oa vkifÙk;ksa dk Lokxr fd;k tkuk
ds ,d lhfer i{k dks gh lacksfèkr djus esa l{ke gSaA vkidks pkfg;s rFkk mu ij mfpr ”kksj fn;k tkuk pkfg;sA bl çfØ;k dks
jk"Vªh; ukxfjd jftLVj ls tqM+h leL;kvksa rFkk voSèk cM+s iSekus ij ykxw fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
çoklu dh pqukSrh ls fuiVus gsrq lykg nsus okyh lfefr z ,d Hkh O;fDr ds lkFk fcuk mfpr lquokbZ ds vU;k;iw.kZ crkZo
dk vè;{k cuk;k x;k gS rFkk vkils ;g vis{kk gS fd ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
vki vius lq>koksa esa leL;k ls tqM+s fo"k;ksa dks lexz :i z ,d fuf'pr leqnk; ds fo#¼ HksnHkko ds vkjksi lkeus vk, gS]a
ls lacksfèkr dhft;sA ftu ij è;ku nsus dh vko';drk gSA bl fLFkfr esa ljdkjh ra=k esa
mi;ZqDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa jk"Vªh; ukxfjd jftLVj ds fo'okl lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s ,d ikjn'khZ çfØ;k viukbZ tkuh pkfg;sA
fØ;kUo;u ls tqM+h uSfrd fparkvksa dks crkrs gq, vius }kjk z jkT; esa lhek iqfyl (ftUgsa lafnXèk ukxfjdksa o voSèk çokfl;ksa
leL;k ds lekèkku gsrq çLrqr fd;s tkus okys uohu mik;ksa dh igpku djus dk dk;Z lkSaik x;k Fkk) ds ckjs esa dgk tkrk
dh ppkZ dhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) gS fd mUgksaus lacafèkr O;fDr;ksa ls feys cxSj rFkk mudh jk; fy;s
Illegal migration has been a sensitive issue in the north- fcuk fons'kh U;k;kfèkdj.k dks tk¡p fjiksVZ lkSaih FkhA bldh tk¡p
eastern states of India. To address this issue, the present dh tkuh pkfg;s rFkk fuèkkZj.k ds 'ks"k pj.k o vkxs dh dkjZokbZ
Government is making efforts to update the National
Register of Citizens (NRC) in a state like Assam. This ds fy;s fofèk dh mfpr izfØ;k dk ikyu fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
effort will enable identification of illegal migrants and z lquokbZ ds fy;s vkus okys yksxksa dks dksbZ jlhn ;k fyf•r i=k
secure resources for legitimate citizens and also address ;k fjdkWMZ esa dqN Hkh ugha fn;k tkrk gSA blesa ifjorZu gksuk
concerns related to internal security. But with the pkfg;s] D;ksafd blls yksxksa ds mRihM+u dh laHkkouk jgrh gSA
implementation of the National Register of Citizens,
z tks f'kdk;rdÙkkZ lquokbZ esa foiQy gks tkrs gSa] mUgsa naM nsuk
many ethical and legal concerns are emerging and this
register is able to address only a limited aspect of the pkfg;s vkSj dkyh lwph esa 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
migration problem. You have been appointed as the z turk }kjk fd;s x, nkoksa dh lquokbZ ds dk;ZØe dks l[r rjhds
Chairman of the Committee for dealing with problems ls ykxw fd;k tkuk pkfg;s] u fd tYnh ck”kh esaA
related to the NRC and the challenge of illegal
z nkoksa vkSj vkifÙk;ksa ds ifj.kke ls •q'k ugha gksus dh fLFkfr esa
migration, and it is expected that in your suggestions,
you should address issues related to the problem in yksxksa dks fons'kh U;k;kfèkdj.k ds le{k vihy nk;j djus ds
totality. fy;s ,d ljy çfØ;k çnku dh tkuh pkfg;sA
In the above circumstances, mention the ethical concerns z ?kksf"kr voSèk çokfl;ksa ds ekeys esa ekuoh; n`f"Vdks.k dk ikyu
associated with the implementation of the National fd;k tkuk pkfg;s vkSj jkT; vfèkdkfj;ksa dks mudh ewy vko';drk
Register of Citizens and discuss the new measures that
are proposed to be put in place by you to address the dh vkiwfrZ rFkk lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djuh pkfg;s] tc rd fd ljdkj
problem. }kjk vkxs dh dkjZokbZ dk fu.kZ; ugha fy;k tkrk gSA

678
 ,u-vkj-lh- okLrfod ukxfjdksa vkSj voSèk çokfl;ksa dh igpku (a) Identify the underlying ethical issues in the above
djus ds fy;s ,d U;k;laxr çfØ;k gS] ijarq blds fØ;kUo;u esa case.
fofHkUu dfe;k¡ mHkjdj vkrh gSa] blfy;s gesa bl ckr dk fo'ks"k è;ku (b) As a competent authority, discuss some of the
feasible strategies to prevent and combat such
j•us dh vko';drk gS fd dksbZ Hkh ukxfjd bl izfØ;k ls u NwVus
calamities.
ik,A Lora=k Hkkjr dh fons'k uhfr ds #• dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, blesa
,d ekuoh; O;ogkj dh vko';drk gSA mÙkj% gky gh esa iwokZsÙkj jkT; es?kky; ds t;afr;k fgYl f”kys
iz'u% Hkkjr esa dHkh ^jSV gksy ekbfuax* rks dHkh ^vksiu dkLV esa ,d voSèk ^jSV&gksy* dks;yk •ku esa iaæg Jfedksa us izos'k fd;kA
ekbfuax* ls tqMh+ cM+h •uu vkink,¡ gksrh jgh gSAa bu vkinkvksa blds ckn •ku fudVorhZ unh ds ty ls Hkj xbZ] ftlls lkjs Jfed
ds ihNs Hkkjr esa gksus okyk voSKkfud] voSèk rFkk vlqjf{kr [kku ds vanj gh iQ¡l x,A bl ekuo fufeZr vkink ls ,d Hkh Jfed
•uu eq[; dkj.k gSA tc Hkh ,slh vkink,¡ ns'k esa ppkZ dk lqjf{kr ugha cp ik;kA
dsæa curh gSa rks inklhu ljdkjsa rFkk ç'kklu rkRdkfyd mÙkj % (a) mijksDr ekeys esa dbZ uSfrd eqís 'kkfey gSa%
Lrj ij bldk lekèkku Hkh dj nsrs gS]a fdarq bl rjg dh z ikfjfLFkfrd eqís% fofHkUu i;kZoj.k laxBuksa }kjk igkM+h {ks=kksa esa
vkinkvksa dks jksdus gsrq lrr~ lekèkku ds çfr mnklhurk vlqjf{kr •uu ds eqíksa dks mBkus ds ckotwn bl eqís dks gy
fn•kbZ iM+rh gS] ftlls ckj&ckj ;s vkink,¡ ?kfVr gksrh gSAa
djus ds fy;s dksbZ okLrfod ç;kl ugha fd;s x, gSaA
,slh vkinkvksa ds ckn ,d ç'kkldh; ço`fÙk ;g Hkh ns•h
z ekuo rLdjh% jSV&gksy •uu us dbZ jkT;ksa ds vizokfl;ksa vkSj
tkrh gS fd blds fy;s eq[;r% lkekU; ekuoh; ewY;ksa dks
gh nks"kh Bgjk;k tkrk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd usiky vkSj ckaXykns'k ls Hkh cky rLdjh dks c<+kok
fn;k gSA
Hkkjr esa vlqjf{kr •uu xfrfofèk;ksa dks ljdkj o ç'kklu
dh ekSu lgefr rFkk •fudksa (Miners) dk bl vksj z cky e”knwjh% jSV&gksy •uu esa 'kkfey vfèkdka'k Jfed cPps

vkd"kZ.k eq[;r% jktLo ,oa jkstxkj dh çkfIr ls tqM+k gqvk gSaA viuh NksVh dn&dkBh ds dkj.k os bl dk;Z ds fy;s mi;qDr
gS] fdarq bl çdkj dh xfrfofèk;k¡ tuèku dh O;kid gkfu gSa] D;ksafd ;s yksx [kku dh NksVh lqjaxksa esa vklkuh ls ços'k djus
rFkk i;kZoj.kh; voufr dks Hkh mRiUu djrh gSaA vr% ,slh esa l{ke gksrs gSaA
vkinkvksa dks ?kfVr gksus ls jksdus rFkk ?kfVr gksus ds i'pkr~ z Hkz"V vfèkdkjh% ,sls jkT; tgk¡ vksiu dkLV [kuu ;k jSV gksy
budk lkeuk djus dh lexz rS;kjh gksuh pkfg;sA [kuu gksrs gSa] ogk¡ vDlj iqfyl vfèkdkjh [knku ekfydksa ls
(a) mijks D r çdj.k es a va r fuZ f gr uS f rd eq í ks a dks le>kSrk dj ysrs gSaA bl le>kSrs ls lHkh yksx ykHkkfUor gksrs gSa
mn~?kkfVr dhft;sA leL;k rHkh lkeus vkrh gS] tc eklwe Jfedksa dh ekSr gksrh gSA
(b) ,d l{ke vfèkdkjh ds :i esa vki dqN ,slh mÙkj % (b) ;ksX; inkfèkdkjh ds :i esa ,slh •uu vkinkvksa dks
O;kogkfjd j.kuhfr;ksa dh ppkZ dhft;s] ftlls ,slh jksdus rFkk muls fuiVus ds fy;s fuEufyf•r j.kuhfrd dne mBk,
vkinkvksa dks jksdk tk lds ,oa budk lkeuk fd;k tk ldrs gSa%
tk ldsA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z ubZ •fut uhfr }kjk fVdkÅ •uu dks O;kid :i ls ykxw fd;k
From ‘rat hole mining’ to ‘open cast mining’, India has
witnessed major mining disasters. The main reason tkuk pkfg;s] rkfd Jfedksa ds LokLF; dks U;wure {kfr igq¡ps]
behind these calamities is the unscientific, illegal and lkFk gh •nkuksa ds lqjf{kr lapkyu dks Hkh lqfuf'pr fd;k tk
unsafe mining in India. As and when such disasters are ldsA
in the news, the incumbent governments and
z •uu vkink ls lacafèkr lHkh eqíksa] fo'ks"kr% •fudksa&jktusrkvksa&
administration address it at the immediate level. But
there is indifference to providing sustainable solutions ç'kkldksa ds dqfRlr xBtksM+] tks voSèk •uu esa eq[; Hkwfedk
which frequently causes such disasters. After such fuHkkrs gSa] dh tk¡p ds fy;s Lora=k lfefr dh fu;qfDr dh tkuh
calamities, an administrative tendency has also been
pkfg;sA
observed which puts the blame on victims.
The tacit consensus of the government and administration z l[r fuxjkuh ds ekè;e ls •uu ekfiQ;k dh xfrfofèk;ksa dks
to unsafe mining activities in India and the attraction fu;af=kr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
of miners are mainly linked to revenue and employment z jkr ds le; •nku fudkl LFky ij lqj{kkdfeZ;ksa ,oa l'kL=k
realization. But such activities also lead to widespread xkMZ lfgr lqj{kk lSU;&ny }kjk fu;fer Nkis@ fujh{k.k dh O;oLFkk
loss to public exchequer and environmental degradation.
Therefore, there should be a holistic preparedness to
gksuh pkfg;sA
prevent such calamities and to comprehensively cope if z csjks”kxkj yksxksa dks •rjukd •uu m|ksx dh vksj tkus ls jksdus
they occur. ds fy;s oSdfYid jks”kxkj ds volj çnku fd;s tkus pkfg;sA
679
 z tgk¡ Hkh laHko gks voSèk •uu }kjk fufeZr jSV&gksy dks iRFkj o the part of residents is a big hurdle. Most of the residents
eycs ls Hkjk tkuk pkfg;sA bu {ks=kksa rd igqp¡ vkSj voSèk xfrfofèk;ksa have the apprehension that food cooked on LPG is not
healthy and is tasteless. They are also apprehensive
dks jksdus ds fy;s •nku LFky ds }kj ij daØhV dh nhokjsa •M+h
about the safety of LPG. These challenges persist even
dh tkuh pkfg;sA after the conduct of LPG Panchayat and safety
z •nkuksa esa dk;Zjr Jfedksa dks mfpr midj.k iznku fd;s tkus awareness camps, and residents dismiss these as
pkfg;s vkSj mudh dk;kZofèk ,oa ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks fofu;fer fd;k misleading. Apart from this, other factors that are
tkuk pkfg;sA checking the success of the scheme include cheap
z ,sls jkT; tgk¡ [kuu ls lacafèkr lokZfèkd ekSrsa (jktLFkku] >kj[kaM) availability of biomass and unaffordability to refill LPG
cylinder.
gksrh gSa] ogk¡ izkFkfed rkSj ij lqj{kk lqèkkjksa ij è;ku nsuk pkfg;sA
In view of the above situation, identify and evaluate the
iz'u% jkts'k fdlh f”kys esa ,d çeq• rsy foi.ku daiuh ds options before Rajesh so that he can make Ujjawala
fy;s f”kyk uksMy vfèkdkjh ds :i esa fu;qDr gSA mls f”kys scheme successful in the district.
esa mTtoyk ;kstuk dks liQy cukus ds fy;s vfèkÑr fd;k mÙkj%
x;k gSA gkyk¡fd mls irk pyrk gS fd bl ;kstuk ds çfr eqíksa dk çfrfp=k.k
yksxksa dh O;kogkfjd leL;k,¡ ,d cM+h ckèkk gSA vfèkdka'k
fuokfl;ksa dks ;g vk'kadk gS fd ,y-ih-th- ij idk;k izHkko'khyrk dh iM+rky mTToyk ;kstuk dk çHkkoh
x;k Hkkstu vLokLF;dj vkSj Loknghu gksrk gSA os ,y-ih- fØ;kUo;u
th- ds lqjf{kr mi;ksx dks ysdj Hkh vk'kafdr gSaA ,y-ih- xzkeh.kksa }kjk foeq•rk dh fLFkfr esa
th- iapk;r rFkk lqj{kk tkx:drk f'kfojksa ds vk;kstu ds Hkh fujarj çfrc¼rk dh vko';drk
ckn Hkh ;s pqukSfr;k¡ cuh gqbZ gSa vkSj fuokfl;ksa us bUgsa fujarj çfrc¼rk
gS rkfd xzkeh.kksa ds thou dks csgrj
Hkzked crkrs gq, iw.kZr% cfg"Ñr dj fn;k gSA blds cuk;k tk ldsA
vfrfjDr vU; dkjd tks bl ;kstuk dh liQyrk dks lHkh forjd o fo'ks"k :i ls xzkeh.k
çHkkfor dj jgs gSa] muesa ck;ksekl dh lLrh miyCèkrk ,oa forjd vius vko';drk vfèkns'k
,y-ih-th- flysaMj dks fiQj ls Hkjus esa yksxksa dh voguh; usr`Ro
(Mandate) dh iwfrZ dj ldsa blfy;s
{kerk Hkh 'kkfey gSA usr`Ro dh vko';drk gSA
mijksDr fLFkfr esa jkts'k ds le{k mifLFkr fodYiksa dks
jk"Vª vkSj laxBu ds çfr dÙkZO; ds
fpfÉr dj mudk ewY;kadu dhft;s rkfd og f”kys esa
:i esa fdlh O;fDr dks lsok forj.k
mTtoyk ;kstuk dks liQy cuk ldsA lsok mRÑ"Vrk
esa ges'kk mRÑ"Vrk izkIr djus ds fy;s
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) ç;kl djuk pkfg;sA
Rajesh is posted as a District Nodal Officer for a leading

oil marketing company in a certain district. He has been
xzkeh.kksa ds lkFk lekuqHkwfr LFkkfir
authorized to make the Ujjawala scheme a success in HkkoukRed cqf¼eÙkk djuk vkSj muds lanHkZ ls mudh
the district. However, he finds that behavioral issues on leL;kvksa dks gy djukA

fodYiksa dh igpku vkSj ewY;kadu

pj.k ykHk gkfu
z vU; xzkeksa ls led{k lewg dks laokn esa z pw¡fd ,y-ih-th- iapk;r vfèkd z ;g ,d nq:g çfØ;k gksxh D;ksafd
'kkfey dj ,y-ih-th- ds ykHkksa dks le>kuk liQy ugha jgs gS]a fudV ds xzkeksa ds vU; xzkeksa ds lewgksa dks vkfFkZd
z ,y-ih-th- iapk;r esa LFkkuh; Lrj ij çfl¼ led{k lewg ,y-ih-th- ds ykHkksa ds ykHkks a tS l s çs j d dkjdks a dh
O;fDr;ksa dks 'kkfey djukA lacèa k esa tkx:drk fuekZ.k esa vfèkd vko';drk gksxhA
ekufldrk
çHkkoh gksxa As z jlks b Z lkekU;r% efgykvks a dk
1. esa ifjorZu
z bldk rkRdkfyd çHkko iM+sxk dk;Z{ks=k ekuk tkrk gSA bu lanHkZ esa
ykuk
D;ksafd ,sls çfl¼ O;fDr;ksa dk ekufldrk esa ifjorZu ykus esa ;qokvksa
xzke ds ;qokvksa ij çHkko gksrk gS dk çHkko lhfer gh gksxkA
ftlls vkpj.kxr ifjorZu vk
ldrk gSA

680
 z vk'kk (ASHA)] ANM tSls laLFkkxr ra=k z ikjaifjd pwYgksa ds dqçHkkoksa ds z xzkeh.k ifjokjksa esa tgk¡ iq#"k gh fu.kZ;
dks layXu djukA lacaèk esa tkx:drk ds çlkj ds fuekZrk vkSj èkuksiktZd gksrs gSa] ogha
fy;s xzkeLrjh; vk'kk dk;ZdÙkkZvksa efgykvksa dh LoPN jlksbZ xSl ds
laLFkkxr
2. dh lgk;rk yh tk ldrh gSA çfr ldkjkRed jk; ds ckotwn
mik;
budh igq¡p ds izHkkoLo:i ,y-ih- LoPN b±èku ds fodYi dk p;u
th- tSls LoPN b±èku dh ekax dfBu gSA
c<+sxhA
z ukxfjd lekt laxBu (tSlsµ v{k; ik=k) z xq.koÙkk lacaèkh Hkze dks ,sls lrr~ z 'kgjh {ks=kksa ds yksx Hkh ;g lksp
dks layXu fd;k tk ldrk gS tgk¡ funZs'k ç;klksa ls nwj fd;k tk ldrk gSA j•rs gSa fd ikjaifjd pwYgksa ij ids
Hkkstu dk gks fd os Hkkstu&esyk vk;ksftr djsa ftlesa xzkeh.k dks ;g fn•k;k tk ldrk Hkkstu esa csgrj Lokn vkSj iks"k.k
3. xq.kkRed ,y-ih-th- LVkso ij idk Hkkstu ekewyh gS fd ,y-ih-th- LVkso u dsoy gksrk gSA bl fLFkfr esa xzkeh.kksa dks
igyw ewY; ij xzkeh.kksa ds chp forfjr fd;k tYnh Hkkstu idkus esa mi;ksxh gSa fo'okl esa ysuk bruk vklku ugha
tk,A cfYd mlds Lokn esa Hkh dksbZ gSA
ifjorZu ugha vkrkA
z rsy forjd daifu;ksa vkSj xzkeh.k forjdksa z ;g forj.k ra=k esa O;kIr ckèkkvksa z yxHkx iwjs ns'k esa ,y-ih-th- flysaMj
ds chp ,d lefUor ra=k dk fuekZ.k fd;k dks nwj djsxkA blds vfrfjDr] dh mPp ykxr vkSj fuEu jhfiQy
tk ldrk gSA forj.k dh vko`fÙk esa Hkh o`f¼ vuqikr ,d cM+h pqukSrh gSA
forj.k dk
4. z 5 fdyksxzke dk NksVk ,y-ih-th- flysaMj vk,xhA
igyw
ykukA ;g fcpkSfy;ksa dks nwj djsxk] D;ksafd
vfèkdka'k yksx dkys ck”kkj ls gh ,y-ih-
th- flysaMj •jhnrs gSaA
z bldk gy djus ds fy;s lHkh fgrèkkjdksa] z ;g ck;ksekl dh lLrh o vklku z tc rd vk; {kerk esa o`f¼ ugha
vFkkZr~ xzke iapk;rksa] f”kyk ç'kklu] ukxfjd miyCèkrk dks de djsxkA gksrh] lLrs ck;ksekl xzkeh.kksa ds
ck;ksekl
lekt laxBu vkfn ds lefUor ç;kl dh çkFkfed b±èku fodYi cus jgsaxs vkSj
dh lLrh
vko';drk gksxhA bl çdkj ;s mTToyk ;kstuk ds
5. miyCèkrk
z leqnk;&vkèkkfjr ck;ksxSl la;a=k ,oa LoPN liQy dk;kZUo;u ds fy;s pqukSrh
dk lekèkku
LVkso tSls ç;kl fd;s tk ldrs gSa rkfd cus jgsaxsA
djuk
Hkkstu idkus ds ikjaifjd rjhdksa esa lqèkkj
vk,A
z mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa dks lfClMh dh ,d
uhfr mi;qDr ç.kkyh ij vey dh lykg nh
6. ifjorZuksa ds tk ldrh gS ftlds varxZr çkjafHkd 3&4
lq>ko jhfiQy dh ykxr dks lfClMh;q D r
j•k tk,A

vkpj.kxr ifjorZu ,d èkheh çfØ;k gSA gkyk¡fd yksdlsok fuèkkZfjr ekudksa dks iwjk djus dh {kerk fodflr djukA
z
ljdkjh lsodksa dh lrr~ çfrc¼rk dh ekax j•rh gSA ekuoksa dh xfjek z ekudksa dh çkfIr ds fy;s fu"iknuA
vkSj muds p;u vR;ar egÙoiw.kZ gSa] rHkh os ,d lkFkZd thou th z fuèkkZfjr ekudksa ij çn'kZu dh fuxjkuhA
ldrs gSaA bl ifjn`'; esa nckoiw.kZ vkSj tYnck”kh esa fy;s x, fu.kZ;ksa z ,d Lora=k ra=k ds ekè;e ls çHkko dk ewY;kaduA
ls cpuk pkfg;s vkSj o`f¼'khy ifjorZuksa ds fy;s ç;kl djuk pkfg;sA
z fuxjkuh vkSj ewY;kadu ds vkèkkj ij fujarj lqèkkjA
,sls ifjn`'; esa ^lsoksÙke* tSls ekWMy lgk;d gks ldrs gSa tks
iz'u% ,d f”kys esa ,d ds ckn ,d tkfr vkèkkfjr vR;kpkj
ukxfjdksa ds fy;s lsok vkiwfrZ dh xq.koÙkk ds vkdyu o lqèkkj ds
dh dqN ?kVuk,¡ ?kfVr gqbZ gSaA blls mRihfM+r tkfr;ksa ds
fy;s laxBuksa dks ,d <k¡pk çnku djrs gSaA
lewg us fojksèk izn'kZu 'kq: dj fn;k gSA bl çdkj ds ,d
lsoksÙke ekWMy ds ?kVd fojksèk izn'kZu esa O;kid fgalk gqbZA dbZ yksx ?kk;y gq,]
z lsokvksa dks ifjHkkf"kr djuk vkSj xzkgdksa dh igpku djukA ftuesa ls dqN xaHkhj :i ls ?kk;y gq, vkSj LFkkuh; vLirky
z çR;sd lsok ds fy;s ekud vkSj ekunaM fuèkkZfjr djukA esa mudk mipkj fd;k tk jgk gSA ml vLirky esa deZpkfj;ksa
681
 dh la[;k vko';drk ls de gS rFkk cqfu;knh lqfoèkkvksa mÙkj (a) :
dk Hkh vHkko gSA bl vO;oLFkkRed fLFkfr esa ,d xHkZorh uSfrd vkèkkj ewY;
efgyk ftls fojksèk izn'kZu ds dkj.k vLirky igq¡pus esa
z nkf;Ro z lkekftd U;k;
nsjh gks tkrh gS] vLirky esa HkrhZ gksrh gSA z ekSfyd vfèkdkj z lkekftd ln~Hkko
mijksDr vkikrdkyhu fLFkfr ds eísu”kj MkWDVjksa us vU; ‹ lekurk dk vfèkdkj z usr`Ro
ejh”kksa dh vis{kk mls vfèkd egÙo nsrs gq, mldk vkWijs'ku ‹ Hkz e .k dh Lora = krk dk z lkekftd mÙkjnkf;Ro
fd;kA blh chp ,d ?kk;y nfyr ;qod us ne rksM+ fn;kA vfèkdkj z lekfèkdkjh ewY;
bls tkfrxr iwokZxzg rFkk MkWDVjksa dh ykijokgh dk ekeyk z fu.kZ; vkèkkj
djkj nsrs gq, vLirky ç'kklu ds f•ykiQ cM+s Lrj ij ‹ fpfdRlk uSfrdrk                    � fu"i{krk dk ewY;

fgalk gqbZ] ftldk LFkkuh; jktusrkvksa us leFkZu fd;kA vfHk;ksT;rk dk fuèkkZj.k

ifj.kkeLo:i dqN jsf”kMsaV MkWDVjksa dks xaHkhj pksVsa vkb±]
z fpfdRlh; deZpkjh% fpfdRlk uSfrdrk esa Vªkb,”k (vkink ds
ftlds ckn MkWDVjksa us gM+rky 'kq: dj nh] ftlls dbZ
le; ?kk;yksa ds mipkj esa ojh;rk dk fuèkkZj.k) dk fl¼kar gS]
yksxksa dh tku pyh xbZA tks mipkj ds Øe dks fuèkkZfjr djrk gSA blds vuqlkj] ,d
(a) eku yhft;s fd vki lacafèkr f”kys ds f”kykfèkdkjh thou dh rqyuk esa nks thou vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ gSaA bl fl¼kar
gSa vkSj jkT; ekuokfèkdkj vk;ksx dk vè;{k vkils ds vuqlkj] fpfdRldksa dk mipkj Øe esa lgh Fkk] D;ksafd xHkZorh
fofHkUu i{kksa dh fo'oluh;rk dk fuèkkZj.k djus ds efgyk ds ekeys esa nks thou 'kkfey FksA
fy;s dgrk gS] rks vkidh fjiksVZ dk fooj.k D;k gksxk\
fpfdRlh; Vªkb,”k% Vªkb,”k ejh”kksa dh fLFkfr dh xaHkhjrk ds vkèkkj
(b) vki D;k lq>ko nsaxs rkfd Hkfo"; esa bl çdkj dh ij muds mipkj dh çkFkfedrk fuèkkZfjr djus dh çfØ;k gSA ;g
?kVuk,¡ ?kfVr u gksa\ lalkèkuksa dh deh dh fLFkfr esa jksfx;ksa ds rRdky mfpr mipkj dk
(c) ;g tkurs gq, Hkh fd ,slk djuk lekt fgr ds foijhr fuèkkZj.k djrh gSA fpfdRlh; Vªkb,”k ds vkèkkj ij ,d xHkZorh ejh”k
dks vU; jksfx;ksa ij çkFkfedrk feysxhA
gS D;k vki bl ckr ls lger gSa fd MkWDVjksa }kjk
z leku ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ,d cPps dks vU; jksfx;ksa dh rqyuk esa
fd;k tk jgk fojksèk lgh gS\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) çkFkfedrk feysxhA
In a district few incidents of caste based atrocities have
z gM+rky dh fLFkfr% gkyk¡fd vpkud gM+rky dh ifjfLFkfr
taken place in quick succession. This has led to protest
movement by group belonging to the oppressed castes. dÙkZO; dh mis{kk vkSj fgIiksØsfVd 'kiFk ds mYya?ku tSlh fLFkfr
In one such protest there was large scale violence. Many mRiUu gksrh gS] fo'ks"kr% tc jksfx;ksa dh la[;k vfèkd gks] ijarq
people got injured, some severely, and they are being ,slh fLFkfr esa dke djuk tks mUrjthfork ds fy;s gkfudkjd gS]
treated in a local hospital. The hospital is understaffed og gM+rky ds fy;s ,d oSèk vkèkkj gks ldrk gSA
and also lacks infrastructure. In such a chaotic situation,
a heavily pregnant lady, who got delayed due to protest was z mRihfM+r tkfr;ksa ls lacafèkr lewg }kjk fojksèk vkanksyu ij
admitted to the hospital. In view of the above emergency ‹ gkyk¡fd fojksèk vkanksyu ds nkSjku fgalk dh ?kVuk,¡ iw.kZ:i ls
case, doctors attended to her and got her operated. vuqfpr gSa vkSj fdlh Hkh f'k"V yksdra=k esa fgalk ds fy;s dksbZ
Meanwhile a young dalit youth succumbed to his injuries. LFkku ugha gS] ijarq bls mRihfM+r oxks± }kjk vfèkdkjksa ds nkos
Terming this to be a case of caste bias and negligence on
the part of doctors, large scale violence against the
ds :i esa Hkh ns•k tkuk pkfg;sA
hospital administration started, which was supported by ‹ ijarq] bl fojksèk vkanksyu us vU; yksxksa ds vfèkdkjksa dk
local politicians. This resulted in severe and critical injury mYya?ku fd;k] bl ekeys esa ,d xHkZorh efgyk dk vfèkdkj]
to some resident doctors, after which doctors went on a tSlk fd Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ds vuqPNsn 21 o 19 ds varxZr çnku
flash strike which resulted in more loss of lives.
fd;k x;k] mldk lqLi"V mYya?ku gSA
(a) Suppose you are District Magistrate of the area
‹ gkyk¡fd yksdra=k ds y{;ksa dh iwfrZ gsrq 'kkafriw.kZ fojksèk dh
concerned, and chairman of the State Human Rights
Commission asks you to determine the culpability vuqefr nh tk ldrh gS] D;ksafd ;g yksxksa ds fopkjksa ds fy;s
of different parties, what will be the content of your ,d eap çnku djrk gS vkSj yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu ç.kkyh esa
report? tu&fo'okl dks lqn`<+ djrk gSA
(b) What will be your suggestions so that such type of
z LokLF; dk;ZdÙkkZvksa ds fo#¼ fgalk
incidents are avoided in the future?
(c) Do you agree that doctright in their protest given ‹ fgalk ds fy;s mÙkjnk;h O;fDr;ksa dks dkuwu ds vuqlkj fpfÉr

that it is against the greater good. vkSj nafMr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA

682
 ‹ ,sls O;fDr;ksa dks nafMr ugha djus dh fLFkfr esa LokLF; dk lekèkku gSA bl çdkj fpfdRldksa ds gM+rky ij pys tkus dk
dk;ZdÙkkZvksa dk eukscy fxjsxk] lkFk gh blls LokLF; dfeZ;ksa }kjk eqík fooknkLin gSA
iznku LokLF; lsokvksa dh xq.koÙkk ij çfrdwy çHkko iM+ ldrk gSA z ,d gM+rky dc mfpr ugha gksrh gS\
mÙkj % (b) ‹ tc ;g dqN ladh.kZ o vkfFkZd ykHkksa ds fy;s dh tkrh gSA

lq>ko Hkkjrh; vk;qfoZKku ifj"kn (O;kolkf;d vkpj.k] f'k"Vkpkj

z ejh”kksa ds vfèkdkjksa ,oa mÙkjnkf;Roksa dh vkSj uSfrdrk) fofu;e] 2002
lwph gksuh pkfg;s ftls vLirky ifjlj esa z ,d fpfdRld vius is ' ks dh xfjek ,oa lEeku dks cuk,
çnf'kZr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA bl lwph esa j•sxkA fpfdRlh; is'ks dk eq[; mís'; ekuork dks lsok
lwpuk dk vfèkdkj] futrk dk vfèkdkj@ çnku djuk gS _ buke ;k foÙkh; ykHk ,d f}rh;d
xksiuh;rk dk vfèkdkj] ekuoh; xfjek dk mís'; gS A
vfèkdkj] lekurk dk vfèkdkj] lwfpr z ,d gM+rky dc mfpr gksrh gS\
lgefr dk vfèkdkj rFkk nq?kZVuk ihfM+rksa fuEufyf•r ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa LokLF; is'ksojksa }kjk gM+rky dks mfpr
vLirky esa ds fy;s vkikrdkyhu çkFkfed fpfdRlk Bgjk;k tkrk gS&
fgalk dk vfèkdkj Js.khc¼ gksuk pkfg;sA ‹ lgh dkj.k rFkk mís';% fpfdRld fdlh mfpr dkj.k]
z lacafèkr izkfèkdkjh }kjk uSnkfud çfr"Bku ftlesa uSfrd mís'; fufgr gks] ds fy;s gM+rky ij tk ldrs gSaA
(iathdj.k vkSj fofu;eu) vfèkfu;e] ‹ vkuqikfrdrk% gM+rky ds ,dek=k mís'; dks çkIr djus dh
2010 dks çHkkoh :i ls ykxw fd;k tkuk dksf'k'k esa jksfx;ksa dks gkfu ugha igq¡pkuh pkfg;sA vU; 'kCnksa
pkfg;sA esa] gM+rky ls tfur vuisf{kr ^laikf'oZd* vFkok ^vfrfjDr
z fpfdRldksa ,oa vU; LokLF; dfeZ;ksa dh lqj{kk {kfr* dks de fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA ;g lq>ko nsrk gS fd
esa o`f¼ djuk vkSj muds fo#¼ fgalk ds ekeys gM+rky ij tkus okys fpfdRldksa dks vkikrdkyhu fpfdRlk
dh fLFkfr esa rhozrk ls U;k; çnku djukA tSlh egÙoiw.kZ fpfdRlh; lsok,¡ çnku djrs jguk pkfg;sA
z vkikrdkyhu okguksa dks vfèkd xfr'khyrk
fojksèk vkanksyuksa ‹ vafre mik;% gM+rky dks mfpr Bgjkus ds fy;s igys blds
çnku djus gsrq ^xzhu dkWfjMksj* dk çkoèkkuA
;k bl izdkj dh lHkh de ckèkkdkjh fodYiksa (;kuh ftudk jksfx;ksa ij de
z vkikrdkyhu deZpkfj;ksa] fo'ks"k:i ls
vU; ?kVukvksa ds udkjkRed izHkko iM+rk gks) dks pquus dh dksf'k'k dh tkuh
LokLF; vkSj lqj{kk ls lacafèkr] ds LFkkukarj.k
nkSjku pkfg;sA bl rjg ds oSdfYid rjhdksa esa i{k&leFkZu] vlarks"k
gsrq lehi ds f”kyk ç'kklu ds lkFk leUo;A
vkSj voKk Hkh 'kkfey gSaA
fofHkUu tkfr z lkekftd çHkko vkSj èkkj.kk% lekt ds
lewgksa ds eè; lHkh oxks± ds yksxksa dks 'kkafr o ln~Hkko ds iz'u% Nk=kksa dk ,d lewg unh ds fdukjs fLFkr ,d xk¡o esa tkrk
fo'okl cgkyh lkFk jgus gsrq eukus ds fy;s lekt ds cq”kqxks± gS] tks cgqr gh •jkc fLFkfr (cqfu;knh lqfoèkkvksa dh
ds mik; ,oa çHkko'kkyh yksxksa dks usr`Ro iznku djukA deh) esa gSA ogk¡ yksx fctyh] LoPNrk] ty vkiwfrZ tSlh
z xk¡o esa uqDdM+ ukVd dk vk;kstu% cqfu;knh lqfoèkkvksa ds fcuk >ksifM+;ksa esa fuokl dj jgs
n`';&JO; çHkko yksxksa ds fnekx ij cgqr gSaA mijksDr vHkkoksa ds ifj.kkeLo:i lehi ds vU; xk¡oksa
vfèkd çHkko Mkyrs gSaA bl çdkj ds ekè;e us bl xk¡o dk cfg"dkj dj fn;k gS] ;gk¡ rd fd bl
}kjk tkfr vkèkkfjr HksnHkko o vR;kpkjksa ds xk¡o dks ^dq¡okjk xk¡o* ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS] D;ksafd
nq"izHkkoksa dks fpf=kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA dksbZ Hkh O;fDr viuh iq=kh dk fookg bl xk¡o esa ugha
z dkuwuh dkjZokbZ% tkfr&vkèkkfjr vR;kpkjksa djrk gSA mudh voLFkk dks ns•usds ckn Nk=kksa ds bl lewg
esa fyIr yksxksa dks psrkouh nsuk] rkfd ,sls us f”kyk ç'kklu ls laidZ djus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA bl vR;ar
yksxksa dks Hkfo"; esa ,sls dqÑR; djus ls foÑr fLFkfr ds ckjs esa iwNs tkus ij vfèkdkfj;ksa us crk;k
jksdk tk ldsA fd ;g xk¡o xaHkhj :i ls ladVkiUu çtkfr;ksa dh lqj{kk
mÙkj % (c) gsrq ljdkj }kjk lajf{kr {ks=k dh lwph esa Js.khc¼ gSA
tufgr dk lkis{kokn fu;eksa ds vuqlkj] unh rV ls 500 ehVj ds Hkhrj dksbZ
yksdra=k esa gM+rky lkewfgd fojksèk dk ,d oSèk :i gSA blds fuekZ.k xfrfofèk ugha gks ldrh gS D;ksafd fdlh Hkh çdkj
lkFk&lkFk fpfdRlk uSfrdrk dk ekxZn'kZd fl¼kar jksfx;ksa dh ihM+k dh fuekZ.k xfrfofèk lajf{kr {ks=k ij çfrdwy çHkko MkysxhA
683
 ,d f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa dqN laHkkfor j.kuhfr;ksa ij As a District Collector, discuss some possible strategies
which could be adopted to bring development to this
ppkZ dhft;s ftUgsa bl {ks=k ds fodkl gsrq viuk;k tk
area.
ldrk gSA 
mÙkj%
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
A group of students visit a village, situated on the bank fo"k;&oLrq rF; ewY; fgrèkkjd
of a river, which is in very poor condition. People are fuokflr yksxksa lajf{kr {ks=k esa z lkekftd z ouoklh
residing in shanties without basic infrastructure, like
dk iquokZl fuokl Lo;a ds U;k; z f”kykfèkdkjh
electricity, sanitation and water supply. Further, other
villages in the close vicinity have boycotted this place,
lkFk&lkFk i'kqvksa z usr`Ro
due to the above limitations, so much so that it is known ds fy;s Hkh z lkekftd
as bachelor village as nobody marries their daughter in •rjukd gS nkf;Ro
this village. After watching their condition, this group z lerkoknh
of students decided to approach the district ewY;
administration. Questioned about the abysmal state of
affairs, authorities pointed out that the village lies in the uSfrd fpark,¡
protected area especially earmarked by the government z xfjekiw.kZ ekuo thou dh egÙkkA
for protection of critically endangered species.
z ,d LFkk;h n`f"Vdks.k] ftlesa i;kZoj.k dks vifjorZuh; :i ls
According to the rules there can be no construction
{kfr u igq¡psA
activity within 500 meters of the river bank because any
kind of construction activity would adversely affect the z lekos'kh vkSj lgkuqHkwfr'khy vfHko`fÙkA
conservation zone. z lcls mfpr çfrfØ;k
çfrfØ;k dkj.k
lajf{kr {ks=k esa fuokflr yksxksa z ou vfèkdkj vfèkfu;e (,iQ-vkj-,-) dh èkkjk 4 esa mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa ,oa çfØ;kvksa dk fooj.k fn;k
ij ,d dq'ky lfefr dk xBu x;k gS] ftuds varxZr ou {ks=kksa ls iquokZl gks ldrk gSA blesa dgk x;k gS fd fdlh Hkh ou vfèkdkj
djuk ds èkkjd dks fdlh vU; LFkku ij iqu%LFkkfir ugha fd;k tk,xk ;k fdlh Hkh jhfr esa muds vfèkdkjksa
dks oU;tho laj{k.k gsrq vfrØkar {ks=kksa ds l`tu ds iz;kstuksa ds fy;s çHkkfor fd;k tk,xk] dsoy
blds fd oSKkfud :i ls ;g lkfcr fd;k tk, fd budh xfrfofèk ;k mifLFkfr ls vifjorZuh; {kfr
gks jgh gS vkSj oU;thoksa ,oa muds fuokl LFkku ds vfLrRo dks [krjk gSA
z ;fn oSKkfud ifj.kkeksa ls ;g fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd bldk laj{k.k {ks=k ij dksbZ gkfudkjd çHkko
ugha iM+sxk] bl fLFkfr esa lacafèkr {ks=k esa dqN cqfu;knh fodkl dk;Z 'kq: fd;s tk ldrs gSaA
iquokZl z eSa xzkeh.kksa dks ;g le>kus dk iz;kl d:¡xh@d:¡xk fd ,d xk¡o mlds yksxksa ls curk gS] u fd LFkku
lsA ;fn muds eè; ,d lkeatL;iw.kZ fLFkfr curh gS rks eSa fofèk ds çkoèkkuksa ds vuqlkj mudk iquokZl
d:¡xh@d:¡xkA
iquokZl@iqu%LFkkiu djus gsrq z fuokflr yksxksa dks vk'oLr djuk fd mUgsa vkoklh; lqfoèkkvksa rFkk vU; lqfoèkkvksa dh igq¡p dk
vlgefr dh fLFkfr es a vfèkdkj çkIr gS] tks muds thou dks csgrj cuk,axhA
lkekftd çHkko vkSj çksRlkgu z lcls egÙoiw.kZ eqík ;g gS fd vU; xk¡oksa }kjk mudk cfg"dkj dj fn;k x;k gSA
z bl lanHkZ esa ,sls xzkeh.kksa ls lgk;rk yh tk ldrh gS] tks bl {ks=k ds lehi fuokl djrs gSaA
vU; jkT;ksa dh lokZsÙke çFkkvksa z ,iQ-vkj-,- vkSj oU;tho laj{k.k vfèkfu;e ds vuqlkj] lajf{kr {ks=kksa lfgr lHkh ou ifjn`';ksa esa euq";ksa
dk ikyu djuk ,oa oU;tho leqnk;ksa ds lg&vfLrRo ds fuekZ.k rFkk lqn`<+hdj.k dh fn'kk esa rRdky dne mBk,
tkus dh vko';drk gSA
z oU;tho laj{k.k vfèkfu;e dh liQyrk ;k bl lanHkZ esa dksbZ Hkh dkuwu lacafèkr fgrèkkjdksa dh Hkkxhnkjh
ij fuHkZj djrk gSA ,slh dbZ liQy dgkfu;k¡ gSa] ftuesa LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa us Hkkx ysrs gq, oU;thoksa ds
laj{k.k esa lgk;rk çnku dhA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij%
‹ xqtjkr% ekyèkkjh] ,d ;k;kojh tutkfr] us fxj ds 'ksjksa ds laj{k.k esa enn dhA
‹ uxkySaM% uxk tutkfr;ksa ds laj{k.k ç;klksa ds ifj.kkeLo:i uxkySaM dks fo'o esa vewj ckt dh
jktèkkuh ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA
‹ jktLFkku% Fkkj jsfxLrku dk pjkxkg leqnk; xksMko.k (i{kh) dk laj{k.k dj jgk gSA

684
fu"d"kZ mÙkj%
¶çse vkSj d#.kk ”k:jrsa gSa] foykflrk ughaA buds fcuk ekuork fgrksa esa Vdjko (Conflict of Interest)
thfor ugha jg ldrhA¸ &nykbZ ykek is'ksoj
;g fdlh jk"Vª dk varfuZfgr dÙkZO; rFkk nkf;Ro gksrk gS fd z xzkgd ds fgrksa ds çfr oiQknkjh@lqj{kk rFkk

og bl ckr dk è;ku j•s fd mldk dksbZ ukxfjd fodkl dh jkg esa Lora=k fu.kZ; ,d xzkgd ds lkFk odhy ds
is'ksoj cuke lacaèkksa ds vko';d rÙo gSaA
ihNs u NwV tk,A ;g lekt ds oafpr oxks± ds çfr d#.kk ,oa lkekftd
lkoZtfud z xzkgd&vVkWuhZ fo'ks"kkfèkdkj
U;k; ds lkFk&lkFk fofèk ds 'kklu ds çfr ,d nkf;Ro gS] ftls ,d
jk"Vª ds çfr dÙkZO;
yksdlsod }kjk vius dÙkZO;ksa ds fuoZgu esa 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
z ns'k ds ,d f”kEesnkj ukxfjd ds :i esa tk¡p
iz'u% vki ,d dkuwuh iQeZ esa Hkkxhnkj gSaA vkidh iQeZ ds xzkgdksa ,tsafl;ksa dh lgk;rk djuk gekjk dÙkZO; gSA
esa ,d mPp lkekftd [;kfr dk O;fDr gS vkSj mldk z odhy ,d rduhf'k;u gS] tks iwjh rjg ,d
O;olk; le`¼'kkyh gSA ;g xzkgd vkidh iQeZ ls fiNys xzkgd ds dkuwuh fgrksa dks vkxs c<+kus ds mís';ksa
ik¡p o"kks± ls tqM+k gSA ysfdu vc ;g xzkgd Hkkjr dh lcls ds fy;s dkuwu dk mi;ksx djrk gSA
odhy cuke
cM+h cSad èkks•kèkM+h dk Hkkxhnkj ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gSA z uSfrd xzkgd odkyr dks lPpkbZ ,oa U;k; ds
uSfrd xzkgd
xzkgd iQjkj gS vkSj ;g ekuk tk jgk gS fd og ,d ,sls ç'kklu ds lanHkZ esa ns•rk gSA odhy] varr%
ns'k esa Hkkx x;k gS tks dsoy i;kZIr nLrkos”kksa dks izLrqr U;k;ky; dk ,d vfèkdkjh Hkh gS] u fd dsoy
xzkgd dk odhyA
djus ij gh mls çR;fiZr dj ldrk gSA bl ekeys esa tk¡p
,tsafl;ksa us vkidh iQeZ ij Nkik ekjk gS vkSj ,sls nLrkos”k ,d odhy ds :i esa rFkk ns'k ds ,d
çkIr fd;s gSa tks xzkgd ds vijkèkh gksus dk ladsr nsrs gSaA fT+kEesnkj ukxfjd ds :i esa mÙkjnkf;Ro
ysfdu vki tkurs gSa fd vHkh Hkh iQeZ ds ikl cgqr lh z dkuwuh ç.kkyh ,oa fofèk ds 'kklu ds izfr f”kEesnkfj;k¡] tks gekjh
,slh tkudkfj;k¡ miyCèk gSa tks xzkgd dk vijkèk fl¼ jktuhfrd vFkZO;oLFkk ,oa laoSèkkfud yksdra=k dh uhao gSa] ftlesa
djus ds fy;s vfr egÙoiw.kZ gSaA vkidks vglkl gS fd U;k; rd igq¡p lqfuf'pr djus esa ;ksxnku nsus] fofèk ds 'kklu
ml xzkgd dks fxjÝrkj djuk vkSj mls U;k; gsrq izLrqr rFkk fofèkd laLFkkuksa dks e”kcwr djus ,oa vU; odhyksa }kjk vius
djuk ns'k fgr esa gksxkA ,slh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ lkeus vkus ij Lo;a dh is'ksoj f”kEesnkfj;ksa dks cuk, j•us ds ç;klksa dk leFkZu
vki D;k djsaxs\ fofHkUu fgrksa ds la?k"kZ dk vkykspukRed djuk 'kkfey gSaA
ijh{k.k dhft;s vkSj ns'k dk ,d f”kEesnkj ukxfjd gksus z ml laLFkk ds çfr f”kEesnkfj;k¡] ftlesa odhy dk;Z djrs gSa] tSls&
ds ukrs viuh f”kEesnkfj;ksa dh O;k[;k dhft;sA fuxe] ykW iQeZ ,oa ykW Ldwy rFkk ,sls laLFkkuksa }kjk fu;ksftr
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) yksxksa ds fy;s] tSls fd fuxe dk oSf'od dk;Zcy vFkok ykW
You are a partner in a law firm. One of the clients of iQeZ ;k ykW Ldwy ds deZpkjhA
your firm is a man of high social repute and has a z vU; O;kid lkoZtfud fgrksa dks lqjf{kr djus ,oa LoLFk futh
flourishing business. This client has empanelled the vkns'kksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s f”kEesnkfj;k¡ & fofèk ds 'kklu ds
firm since last five years. However, this client has been iwjd ds :i esa & ,d lqjf{kr] fu"i{k rFkk ,d ,slk lekt
involved in now what is being dubbed as India’s
biggest bank fraud. The client is on the run and it is
cukus ds fy;s] ftlesa O;fDr vkSj laLFkk,¡ (çeq• fuxeksa] çeq•
believed that he has escaped to a country which can ykW iQeks± ,oa çeq• ykW Ldwyksa lfgr) yach vofèk esa dke;kc
extradite him only if provided with substantial proof. gks ldrs gSaA
In connection with this case, investigating agencies esjs ikl miyCèk fodYi
raid your firm and find incriminating evidence against
the client. But you know that, there is still a lot of z eSa iwjh 'kfDr ds lkFk vius xzkgd dks cpkus dh dksf'k'k
information available with the firm, which is vital for d:¡xk% ;g Hkkjrh; lk{; vfèkfu;e ds vuqlkj gksxkA vVkWuhZ
ascertaining guilt of the client. You realize that it is xzkgd fo'ks"kkfèkdkj ,d xzkgd rFkk mlds odhy ds chp lacaèk
very important for the country to get hold of the client
dk vkèkkj gSA ;g xksiuh;rk fl¼kar ds rgr laj{k.k ds lcls
and bring him to justice.Faced with this situation,
what will you do? Critically examine various conflicts
iqjkus Lo:iksa esa ls ,d gS rFkk lHkh yksdra=kksa esa ,d ekSfyd
of interest and explain what are your responsibilities vfèkdkj gSA ;g ,d LFkk;h fo'ks"kkfèkdkj gS tks xzkgd }kjk lykg
as a responsible citizen of the country. ysus dh çfØ;k 'kq: djus ij vkjaHk gksrk gSA bldk bjknk xzkgd
685
 vius odhy dks iw.kZ ,oa Li"V çdVhdj.k ds fy;s l{ke cukuk gSA rRi'pkr~ vkidks ;g Hkh Kkr gksrk gS fd ftl iqfyldehZ
gS tks cnys esa vius xzkgd ds çfr vius dÙkZO;ksa dk fuoZgu dj dh fiVkbZ dh tk jgh Fkh] og foHkkx ds lcls bZekunkj
ldrk gSA iqfyldfeZ;ksa esa ls ,d FkkA
‹ ,slk djus esa] u dsoy eSa viuh is'ksoj uSfrdrk dk ikyu lsokHkkj xzg.k djus ds ckn vkidks ;g ekeyk lkSaik tkrk
d:¡xk] cfYd vius xzkgd ds çfr esjk dÙkZO; Hkh iwjk gksxkA gS vkSj bldh tk¡p djus ds fy;s dgk tkrk gSA ijarq turk
‹ gkyk¡fd ;fn mi;qD Z r vijkèk esjs dk;Z ds nk;js esa ugha gS] rks ds vkØks'k rFkk jktuhfrd n[ky ds dkj.k vki ij
eSa ljdkjh ,tsfa l;ksa ds lkFk MkVk lk>k djus esa ladksp ugha iqfyldfeZ;ksa dks dBksj l”kk nsus ds fy;s ncko Mkyk tk
d:¡xkA jgk gSA
z eSa U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dh çrh{kk d:¡xk% fofèk ds 'kklu ds gkyk¡fd vkids }kjk dBksj l”kk fn;s tkus ls iqfyldfeZ;ksa
vuqlkj] ;fn U;kf;d çfØ;k MkVk tek djus dh ekax djrh gS] dk eukscy fxjsxk] ogha çHkkoghu l”kk lekt esa vlarks"k
rks eSa vius lk>snkjksa ls bl lanHkZ esa lykg yw¡xkA ;fn os lger mRiUu djsxhA
gSa] rks tkudkjh U;kf;d çfØ;k dks tek dj nh tk,xh] ;fn os vkidks bl ifjfLFkfr esa dSlh izfrfØ;k nsuh pkfg;s\ bl
lger ugha gSa rks eSa eqís ij vke lgefr cukus dh dksf'k'k d:¡xk ekeys esa vkids le{k dkSu&lh nqfoèkk,¡ gSa\
rFkk mlh ds vuqlkj vkxs c<+waxkA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
You are an IPS probationer, about to join your first
z ,d vuke i=k Hkstuk% eSa ,tsafl;ksa dks miyCèk MkVk ds lkFk
posting. While on your way to join , you saw a
vuke i=k HkstwaxkA gkyk¡fd ,slk djus ls eSa viuh is'ksoj uSfrd commotion in which a policeman was being beaten up
lafgrk dk mYya?ku d:¡xkA uhfr'kkL=k ds vuqlkj ns•k tk, rks by auto drivers of a minority community. However,
;g lgh ugha gksxk] ysfdu ,d mi;ksfxrkoknh n`f"Vdks.k ls] ;g when you reach the site you realize that the scenario
has reversed and now the auto drivers are being beaten
esjh iQeZ dh çfr"Bk dks cpkus ds mís'; ds lkFk&lkFk jk"Vª ds
up by the policemen in vigilante fashion. You
çfr esjs nkf;Ro dks Hkh iwjk djsxkA unsuccessfully try to intervene.
z ,d fàlyCyksvj cuuk% laxBukRed ,oa is'ksoj uSfrdrk dks uSfrd As soon as it ended, you find that it is being given a
Lok;Ùkrk] O;fDrxr f”kEesnkjh rFkk lexz :i ls lekt dh HkykbZ ds political and religious color, and media sensationalism.
fy;s laxBukRed leFkZu dks çksRlkfgr djus gsrq fM”kkbu fd;k x;k gSA Later, you also come to know that the policeman who
was being beaten up was one of the most honest
,sls ekeys es]a ,tsfa l;ksa ds lkFk MkVk lk>k djuk mfpr gksxkA policemen in the department.
,d f”kEesnkj ukxfjd ds :i esa] ns'k dh HkykbZ ds ckjs esa After joining you have been assigned this case, and asked
lkspuk çR;sd O;fDr dk dÙkZO; gSA bl dY;k.kdkjh vkèkkj esa] to conduct an inquiry. But due to the passion of the
vkfFkZd ç.kkyh cgqr egÙoiw.kZ gSA ,slh çÑfr dh ?kVuk,¡ fdlh ns'k public and the politics involved, you are being
pressurized to give exemplary punishment to policemen.
dh uhao dks fgyk ldrh gSaA blds vykok] ,sls O;fDr dks nafMr u
However for you, exemplary punishment will result in
djus ls vU; O;fDr;ksa dks vijkèk djus ds fy;s çksRlkgu feysxkA demoralization of policemen, whereas lighter
bu mís';ksa ds vuqlj.k dh izfØ;k esa vijkèkh dk MkVk tgk¡ rd punishment will create uproar in society.
laHko gks lk>k fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA How should you respond to the situation? What are the
dilemmas you face in this case?
iz'u% vki ,d vkbZ-ih-,l- çkscs'kuj gSa rFkk izFke fu;qfDr dk
lsokHkkj xzg.k djus okys gSaA tc vki lsokHkkj xzg.k djus mÙkj%
cl esa tk jgs gSa rks jkLrs esa ,d gaxkek ns[krs gSa ftlesa uSfrd izfrfp=k.k@fu.kZ; vkèkkj
,d iqfyldehZ dks fdlh vYila[;d leqnk; ds vkWVks z HkkoukRed cqf¼eÙkk
pkydksa }kjk ihVk tk jgk gS] tc vki cl ls mrjdj z yksdlsok ds ewY;
?kVuk LFky ij igq¡prs gSa rks irk pyrk gS fd fLFkfr igys z jktuhfr&yksdlsod lacaèk dk lkj
ls foijhr gks xbZ gS rFkk vc vkWVks pkydksa dks iqfyldfeZ;ksa z is'ks&lacaèkh ladV
}kjk dkuwu dks rkd ij j•dj ihVk tk jgk gSA vki
gLr{ksi djus dk vliQy ç;kl djrs gSaA z ^iqfyl* dks ^yksd O;oLFkk ds j•j•ko] tu lqj{kk dks c<+kok
tSls gh ;g gaxkek lekIr gksrk gS] vki ns•rs gSa fd bls nsus rFkk vijkèk dk irk yxkus okys ljdkjh foHkkx* vkSj ^bl
,d jktuhfrd ,oa èkkfeZd :i fn;k tk jgk gS vkSj ehfM;k foHkkx ds vfèkdkfj;ksa ;k lnL;ksa* ds :i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tk
ds le{k luluh•st ?kVuk cukus dk iz;kl fd;k tk jgk ldrk gSA

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 z iqfyldfeZ;ksa }kjk dh tkus okyh ccZjrk ukxfjd vfèkdkjksa dk z gj dk;Z ds vius is'ks&lacaèkh ladV gksrs gSaA yksdlsokvksa ds ekeys
,d mYya?ku gSA ,slh ?kVuk rc ?kfVr gksrh gS] tc ,d iqfyl esa] fujarj LFkkukarj.kksa ds ifj.kkeLo:i O;fDrxr ,oa is'ksoj thou
vfèkdkjh fdlh ukxfjd ij vko';drk ls cgqr vfèkd cy dk esa vlarqyu gks ldrk gSA gkyk¡fd yksdlsodksa dks lsok esa 'kkfey
mi;ksx djrk gSA ,d fofèk çorZu vfèkdkjh }kjk vR;fèkd cy gksus ls igys bu pqukSfr;ksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh gksrh gS rFkk mUgsa
dk ç;ksx ,d O;fDr ds vfèkdkjksa dk mYya?ku gSA budk lkeuk djus ds fy;s rS;kj jguk pkfg;sA
z mi;qDZ r ekeys esa iqfyldehZ fgalk esa fyIr Fks] tcfd iqfyldfeZ;ksa fu"d"kZ
dk dk;Z yksxksa dks fgalk ls cpkuk gSA Li"V :i ls ;g iqfyldfeZ;ksa vke ukxfjdksa dks lqj{kk dh Hkkouk çnku djuk rFkk mudh
}kjk ccZjrk dk ekeyk FkkA f'kdk;rksa dks lquk tkuk ,d dq'ky] bZekunkj ,oa is'ksoj iqfyl cy
bl ekeys ij çfrfØ;k dh LFkkiuk ij fuHkZj gSA iqfyldfeZ;ksa }kjk ccZjrk ds ekeys esa ,d
z lcls igys fgalk esa fyIr lHkh iqfyldfeZ;ksa dks vLFkk;h :i mfpr dk;Zokgh dk ikyu fd;k tkuk pkfg;s] tgk¡ u dsoy U;k;
ls fuyafcr fd;k tk,] ftlesa tk¡p dh tk,xhA gksuk pkfg;s] cfYd U;k; gksrk fn•uk Hkh pkfg;sA
dkj.k% mUgsa fofèk ds vuqlkj vkWVks pkyd dks fxjÝrkj djuk iz'u% ve`rk ,d ljdkjh foHkkx esa ;qok vkbZ-,-,l- vfèkdkjh
pkfg;s Fkk rFkk mls ,d odhy miyCèk djkuk pkfg;s FkkA gSaA bl foHkkx esa dqN le; dk;Z djus ds i'pkr~~ mls Kkr
gksrk gS fd efgyk deZpkfj;ksa dk in iq#"k deZpkfj;ksa dh
lafoèkku }kjk vuqPNsn 22 ds varxZr fxjÝrkj O;fDr dks odhy
rqyuk esa xkS.k gSA iq#"k deZpkjh ofj"B efgyk vfèkdkfj;ksa
ls ijke'kZ djus dk vfèkdkj çkIr gSA
ls vkns'k ugha ysuk pkgrs gSa_ blds vfrfjDr efgykvksa
lokZsPp U;k;ky; us Mh-ds- clq ds ekeys esa funZs'k tkjh fd;k
dks egÙoiw.kZ foHkkxh; ifj;kstukvksa esa 'kkfey ugha fd;k
Fkk fd fxjÝrkjh dh fLFkfr esa] O;fDr iqfyldehZ dks vius odhy
tkrk gS vkSj mudk migkl cuk;k tkrk gS] vkSj ;gk¡ rd
ls ijke'kZ djus dh vuqefr nsus gsrq dg ldrk gSA
fd bl çdkj dh ifj;kstukvksa esa 'kkfey gksus ls Hkh
z ,d laLFkk ds :i esa iqfyldehZ dk çn'kZu rFkk ,d O;fDr ds
grksRlkfgr fd;k tkrk gSA
:i esa ,d iqfyldehZ ds O;ogkj] nksuksa dks gh fujarj fuxjkuh ve`rk dks vukSipkfjd ekè;e ls Kkr gksrk fd foHkkx ize[q k
dh vko';drk gSA Hkh blh ekufldrk ,oa ekU;rkvksa dk vuqxkeh gS vkSj mldk
dkuwu dh fopkjkèkhu Hkkouk (czqfMax LifjV vkWiQ ykW) ds ekeys ekuuk gS fd efgykvksa dks bl foHkkx esa ugha Hkstk tkuk
esa dkjZokbZ gsrq ,d ekinaM ç.kkyh dh vko';drk gS] fo'ks"k :i ls pkfg;sA
mu laLFkkuksa ds fy;s] ftUgsa bls laj{k.k çnku ds fy;s ,d vfèkns'k ve`rk }kjk dkSu&ls dne mBk, tkus pkfg;s ftlls dk;Z
çkIr gSA laLÑfr efgykvksa ds vuqdy w gksA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z igys ihVs x, iqfyldehZ ij dksbZ dkjZokbZ ugha dh tkuh pkfg;sA Amrita, a young IAS officer, has joined a government
gkyk¡fd tks iqfyldehZ ogk¡ ekStwn Fks vkSj fgalk dks jksdus dh department. After working for a while in this
dksf'k'k ugha dj jgs Fks] mUgsa ifjoh{kk ij j•uk pkfg;s] D;ksafd department, she realizes that position of women staff is
subservient to male staff. Male staff don’t want to take
;g dÙkZO; dh mis{kk dk ekeyk gSA
orders from senior women officers. Moreover, women
fdu nqfoèkkvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+k\ are not taken on serious departmental projects and are
z cqjk mnkgj.k LFkkfir djuk cuke grksRlkfgr djuk% bl derided, and even discouraged even from attempting
such a project.
fLFkfr esa dksbZ Hkh naM u fn;k tkuk O;kid Lrj ij dfu"B
Amrita through informal channels comes to know that
vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj lekt ds lkeus cqjk mnkgj.k is'k djrk gSA ;g even the Head of the Department is of the same mindset
ç'kklfud fujarjrk vkSj fLFkjrk ds fy;s gkfudkjd gS] ijarq dBksj and believes that women should not be sent to this
,oa vuqdj.kh; naM nsus ls iqfyldfeZ;ksa ds grksRlkfgr gksus dk department.
[krjk jgsxkA Discuss the course of action Amrita should take so that
the work culture becomes conducive for women.
z vuqdj.kh; O;ogkj cuke vkxkeh fgr% ,d O;fDr dks ,slh
mÙkj%
fLFkfr esa vuqdj.kh; O;ogkj dk ikyu djuk pkfg;s vkSj mlesa
n`<+ fo'okl dk lkgl gksuk pkfg;sA jktuhfrd vkdkvksa dh ckr fØ;kfofèk%
ugha ekuus ls dfj;j ds fodkl esa ckèkk vk ldrh gSA z mnkgj.kksa dks is'k djuk% dk;ZLFky ij vius lewg vkSj lg;ksfx;ksa
jktuhfr vkSj ç'kklu ds eè; LoLFk lacaèk cuk, j•uk lcls esa ySafxd fofoèkrk rFkk ySafxd laosnu'khyrk ykus dh dksf'k'k
egÙoiw.kZ gS] ijarq ;g U;k; dh dher ij ugha gksuk pkfg;sA djuh pkfg;s (mnkgj.k ds fy;s] lkoZtfud :i ls efgyk
687
 lg;ksfx;ksa dks mudh miyfCèk;ksa ij cèkkbZ nsuk] vU; efgyk mPp tkfr ds yksx ncko cuk jgs gSa fd muds cPps u rks
deZpkfj;ksa dks çksRlkfgr djuk] vkfn)A D;ksafd usr`Ro ,oa nkf;Ro fuEu tkfr ds cPpksa ds lkFk cSBsaxs vkSj u gh muds lkFk
ds fcuk fdlh Hkh y{; dks ,d le;kofèk ds Hkhrj izkIr ugha Hkkstu djsaxsA mPp tkfr ds yksx vius fu.kZ; ij vVy gSa
fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g vPNh dk;Z laLÑfr dks c<+kok nsxk rFkk vkSj pkgrs gSa fd fo|ky; ç'kklu fuEu tkfr ds cPpksa
laiw.kZ foHkkx ds fy;s O;ogkj ekud fuèkkZfjr djsxkA dks igys fo|ky; ls fu"dkflr djsa vkSj blds i'pkr~ gh
z dk;ZLFky esa vuq'kklu cuk, j•uk% 'kh?kz ;k ckn esa vU; muds cPps fo|ky; tk,axsA
vfèkdkjh bldh ljkguk djsaxsA ;g vU; efgyk vèkhuLFk (a) mijksDr ekeys esa fufgr uSfrd eqíksa dh ppkZ dhft;sA
deZpkfj;ksa ds dk;ks± dks Hkh çHkkfor djsxk vkSj muesa ,d ubZ (b) f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa vki mUgsa vius cPpksa dks
Hkkouk l`ftr dj ldrk gSA fo|ky; Hkstus gsrq rS;kj djus ds fy;s dkSu&ls çHkkoh
z xzg.k'khy o mnkj cusa% dk;ZLFky ij iwokZxzg gks ldrk gS] tks mik; viuk,axs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
lkekftd iwokZxzgksa dk çfrfcac gSA bl çdkj xzg.k'khy n`f"Vdks.k In a backward district of a state, after a sudden drop in
dk;ZLFky ij ifjorZu ykus esa lgk;rk çnku djsxkA school attendance, it was found that the upper caste
people are not allowing their children to go to school
z HkkoukRed cqf¼eÙkk dk gksuk% ;g Lo;a dh Hkkoukvksa ds
because the school has admitted children from the lower
lkFk&lkFk nwljksa dh Hkkoukvksa dks le>us rFkk çcafèkr djus esa caste.
lgk;rk djsxk] tks dk;ZLFky ij csgrj fu.kZ; ysus esa lgk;rk dj Upper caste people are insisting that their children will
ldrk gSA ;g dk;Z ,oa thou ds eè; larqyu LFkkfir djus esa not sit or have food with lower caste children. Upper
Hkh lgk;rk çnku djsxkA caste people are adamant on their position and want
z n`<+ lsokHkko% laxBu dh ewyHkwr mi;ksfxrk deZpkfj;ksa ds fy;s school administration to first expel the lower-caste
students from the school and then only their children
,d çsjd dkjd dh gksuh pkfg;sA tc lHkh fLFkfr;k¡ O;ofLFkr
will attend school.
gks tkrh gSa] rks os lw{e ifjorZu yk ldrh gSaA (a) Discuss the ethical issues in the above case.
z dk;kZy; esa liQy O;fDr;ksa dks vkeaf=kr djuk% Lo;a lgk;rk (b) As a District Magistrate, what effective measures
lewgksa dh lgk;rk ls okLrfod thou esa liQy O;fDr;ksa dks will you undertake to convince them to send their
dk;kZy; esa vkeaf=kr fd;k tk ldrk gS ftlls efgyk lnL;ksa children to school?
dks çsfjr fd;k tk ldsA mÙkj % (a)
pw¡fd dk;Z laLÑfr O;fDr;ksa ds n`f"Vdks.k vFkok O;ogkj ls uSfrd eqís%
lacafèkr gS] blfy;s bls ifjofrZr djus esa le; yxrk gSA ;g iq#"k
z iwokZxzgh ekud% mPp tkfr ds yksx dsoy viuh fLFkfr ds
lnL;ksa ds vgadkj ls Hkh lacafèkr gS] ftls cnyus ds fy;s mUgsa ckfèkr
laj{k.k ds lacaèk esa fpafrr jgrs gSa vkSj blfy;s ,sls LokFkhZ joS;s
ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS] ijarq lkekftd çHkko rFkk vuqu; ds ekè;e
dk vuqlj.k djrs gSaA
ls bls thrk vo'; tk ldrk gSA
z tkfrxr HksnHkko% tkfr ds vkèkkj ij HksnHkko lekt esa O;kid
xzg.k'khy n`f"Vdks.k ds lkFk fir`lÙkkRed lekt esa csgrj ifjorZu
yk, tk ldrs gaS D;ksafd tc ge fir`lÙkkRed lekt dk izR;{k :i :i ls çpfyr gSA ;g f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa esa Hkh çfrfcafcr gksrk gSA
ls lkeuk djrs gSa rks cgqr ls ,sls eqís lkeus vkrs gSa tks ifjfLFkfr mijksDr fLFkfr esa bl rjg ds HksnHkko ekuo xfjek ,oa lEeku
dks vkSj vfèkd tfVy cuk nsrs gSaA dks çHkkfor djrs gSaA
,d O;fDr dks laxBu esa Økafr ykus ds lacaèk esa ugha lkspuk z tkfrxr iwokZxzg% mPp tkfr oxZ esa fuEu tkfr oxZ ds yksxksa ds
pkfg;s] vfirq mls Lo;a ifjorZu dk okgd (,tsaV) cuuk pkfg;sA çfr iwokZxzg gSA os vius cPpksa dks fo|ky; tkus dh vuqefr u
n`<+ fo'okl@vuqdj.kh; O;ogkj ds ekè;e ls fir`lÙkkRed dfe;ksa ds nsdj mUgha ewY;ksa dks viukus dk ç;kl dj jgs gSaA
çfr xzg.k'khy gksus ds dkj.k le;kofèk esa cnyko fd;k tk ldrk z v'kDr lekthdj.k% mPp tkfr oxZ }kjk viuk, tkus okys bl
gS] tSlk fd frgkM+ tsy lqèkkj ds ekeys esa fdj.k csnh us fd;k FkkA rjg ds ÑR;ksa ds ifj.kkeLo:i cPpksa dk lekthdj.k mfpr
iz'u% jkT; ds ,d fiNM+s ftys esa fo|ky; esa cPpksa dh mifLFkfr rjhds ls ugha gksrk gSA
esa vpkud vkbZ fxjkoV ds i'pkr~~ ;g ik;k x;k fd mPp mÙkj % (b) n`f"Vdks.k ifjorZu ds mik;%
tkfr ds yksx vius cPpksa dks fo|ky; tkus dh vuqefr z lkekftd çHkko ,oa vuqu;u% lekt ds cq”kqxZ vkSj f'kf{kr
ugha ns jgs gSa D;ksafd fo|ky; esa fuEu tkfr ds cPpksa dks yksxksa dh lgk;rk ls mPp tkfr ds yksxksa dks vius cPpksa dks
nkf[kyk fn;k x;k gSA fo|ky; Hkstus ds fy;s izsfjr djukA

688
 z fo|ky; çcaèku lfefr dh cSBd dh O;oLFkk% vfHkHkkodksa Suppose you are a DM in one such affected district
lfgr fo|ky; çcaèku lfefr dh cSBd vk;ksftr dh tk ldrh where this movement is going on, what strategies will
you adopt to tackle the issues on short term as well as
gS vkSj bl eqís ij ppkZ dh tk ldrh gSA f”kykfèkdkjh mu yksxksa long term basis. Give justification for your strategies.
dks le>k ldrs gSa fd cPpksa dh f'k{kk egÙoiw.kZ gS vkSj 'kSf{kd
mÙkj% blls ljdkj ds lkFk mudh f'kdk;rksa@eqíksa@vlarks"k dks
laLFkkuksa dks ,slh lkekftd cqjkb;ksa ls eqDr gksuk pkfg;sA
le>us esa lgk;rk feysxhA ;g laHko gks ldrk gS fd vkfnokfl;ksa
z xk¡o esa uqDdM+ ukVd dk vk;kstu% uqDdM+ ukVd yksxksa ds
ds bl dne ds dkj.k muds lkFk gq, ,sfrgkfld vU;k; esa fufgr
efLr"d ij vfèkd çHkko Mkyrs gSaA ukVd ds ekè;e ls ;qokvksa gS] ysfdu bls fcuk lgkuqHkwfr ds ugha le>k tk ldrk gSA
ij bl çdkj ds tkfrxr HksnHkko ds nq"çHkko dks n'kkZrs gq, mUgsa
lg;ksxh n`f"Vdks.k
le>k;k tk ldrk gSA
z dkuwuh dkjZokbZ% vLi`';rk dk vH;kl dj jgs yksxksa dks dkuwuh xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa] vkfnokfl;ksa lfgr lHkh LFkkuh; fgrèkkjdksa
dkjZokbZ dh psrkouh nsdj Hkfo"; esa mUgsa ,slk djus ls jksdk tk ldrk gSA dks 'kkfey djds mudh nqnZ'kk ij fopkj&foe'kZ djus vkSj mfpr
cPpksa esa lgh ewY;ksa dks fodflr djus dk nkf;Ro vfHkHkkod gLr{ksi djus dh vko';drk gSA blds vykok ;fn dksbZ fufgr LokFkZ
vkSj f'k{kdksa ds daèkksa ij gSA vU;k;iw.kZ lkekftd ekunaMksa dks f'k{kk gksa rks mldh igpku djus dh Hkh vko';drk gSA
ij gkoh ugha gksus nsuk pkfg;sA cPpksa dks ekuoh; ewY;ksa tSls izse] O;ogkj ifjorZu
ekuoh; xfjek] lEeku ,oa lekurk dk ikB i<+kuk pkfg;sA LFkkuh; ç'kklu ds lkFk fopkj&eaFku l=k vk;ksftr djuk rkfd
iz'u% >kj•aM ds dbZ xk¡oksa us iRFkyxM+h dk lgkjk fy;k gS& vkfnokfl;ksa@LFkkuh; yksxksa ds çfr mudk joS;k cnyk tk lds vkSj
;g vius xk¡o ds {ks=kkfèkdkj ds lhekadu ds fy;s iRFkj mUgsa vkfnoklh leqnk; ds lkFk O;ogkj djrs le; vfèkd fouez vkSj
ds Lekjdksa dh LFkkiuk dh ,d vkfnoklh ijaijk gSA blesa laosnu'khy cuus ds fy;s dgk tk ldsA
lafoèkku dh ik¡poha vuqlwph ds rgr vius {ks=kksa esa leL;k dks lqy>kus gsrq uje n`f"Vdks.k
Lok;Ùkrk vkSj Lo&'kklu dh ?kks"k.kk dh tkrh gSA z mUgsa fodkl vkSj 'kklu esa muds çfrfufèkRo dk oknk djuk rkfd
bu bykdksa esa ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa lfgr fdlh Hkh ckgjh muds vkRe&lEeku vkSj xfjek dks lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsA
O;fDr dks ços'k djus dh vuqefr ugha gSA z Ldwy] vLirky] Hkwfe] vkthfodk vkfn tSls igyqvksa ij è;ku
fofHkUu lzksrksa ls ;g irk pyk gS fd vkfnoklh] jkT; dsafær djrs gq, rRdky gLr{ksi fd;k tk ldrk gSA
vkSj dsaæ ljdkj ls •q'k ugha gSa D;ksafd os gkf'k;s ij gSa z LFkkuh; ç'kklu dks lEeku@laosnu'khyrk ds lkFk O;ogkj djuk
vkSj misf{kr eglwl djrs gSa vkSj ijaijkxr :i ls vius pkfg;s vkSj mUgsa vius LFkkuh; lkaLÑfrd dk;ZØeksa esa Hkkx ysus
fu;a=k.k okys lalkèkuksa dh ywV dk vuqHko dj jgs gSaA os ds fy;s dgk tkuk pkfg;sA
viuh nqnZ'kk ds fy;s u, dkuwu vkSj fodklkRed etcwr n`f"Vdks.k
xfrfofèk;ksa dks ftEesnkj Bgjkrs gSaA
;fn bl ?kVuk esa dksbZ fufgr LokFkZ gS rks ç'kklu dks uje #•
eku yhft;s fd vki ,d ,sls çHkkfor {ks=k ds f”kykfèkdkjh dh txg blds lkFk n`<+rk ls fuiVus dh t:jr gSA
gSa] tgk¡ ;g vkanksyu py jgk gS] rks vki y?kqdkfyd iquxZ.kuk uhfr@dkuwu
ds lkFk&lkFk nh?kZdkfyd vkèkkj ij eqíksa ls fuiVus ds
fy;s D;k j.kuhfr viuk,axs\ viuh j.kuhfr;ksa ds fy;s islk] oukfèkdkj vfèkfu;e] vkfn tSls dkuwuksa ds dk;kZUo;u ds
rdZ nhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
lkFk nks"kksa dh igpku dh tkuh pkfg;s vkSj dk;kZUo;u dks vfèkd
Several villages in Jharkhand have resorted to
çHkkoh ,oa O;ofLFkr cukus ds fy;s vko';d dne mBk, tkus pkfg;sA
Pathalgarhi – a tribal tradition of erecting stone slabs jkT; ljdkj dks lq>ko
to demarcate the area of their villages’ jurisdiction,
z uhfr&fuekZ.k] uhfr&dk;kZUo;u] uhfr&fuxjkuh vkSj ewY;kadu esa
declaring their autonomy and self-rule in the areas
under the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution. vkfnoklh leqnk; dks egÙoiw.kZ fgrèkkjd ds :i esa ns•uk pkfg;s
In these localities, no outsider including the government rkfd ljdkj ,oa vkfnokfl;ksa ds chp vyxko @ lapkj varjky
servants are allowed. From various sources, it has come de&ls&de gks ldsA ;g Hkkxhnkjh dh Hkkouk dks Hkh c<+kok nsxkA
to be known that tribals are not happy with the state z ljdkj rc rd fodkl vkSj 'kklu ugha dj ldrh] tc rd fd
and central government as they feel ignored,
ou vkSj Hkwfe ds çfr lPpk lEeku u gks vkSj blfy;s
marginalized and have been experiencing the plunder
of their resources on which traditionally they enjoyed uhfr @ dkuwu @ fu;eksa dk ikyu djrs gq, fodkl ds ,sls n`f"Vdks.k
control. They hold new laws and developmental dks 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg;s tks fd ty] ou vkSj Hkwfe ds
activities responsible for their plight. fy;s lPpk lEeku nsrk gSA
689
 z cy dk ç;ksx vR;fèkd lkoèkkuh ds lkFk gksuk pkfg;s vkSj vafre mÙkj% fu.kZ; dk vkèkkj%
fodYi ds :i esa bldk lgkjk ysuk pkfg;sA z is'ksoj uSfrdrk cuke O;fDrxr uSfrdrk
rdZ&laxrrk z fofèk dk 'kklu
z uSfrd lkgl
fdlh Hkh rjg ls fodkl dks lgh ugha Bgjk;k tk ldrk gS
z cPpksa ds vfèkdkj
vxj bldk ifj.kke yksxksa ds vkRe&ewY;] çfr"Bk] LokfeRo dks Bsl
mÙkj % (a) bl fLFkfr dks ,d uSfrd nqfoèkk ds :i esa of.kZr
igq¡pkrk gSA ;g ,d dkj.k gS fd yksx Hkwfe ds dkuwu dh voekuuk fd;k tk ldrk gS ftlesa O;fDrxr cuke is'ksoj uSfrdrk ds chp
djuk 'kq: dj nsrs gSaA blfy;s fdlh Hkh fodkl çfØ;k ds fy;s la?k"kZ dh fLFkfr gSA ;gk¡ ukckfyx cPpksa ds fgr Hkh lokyksa ds
lalkèkuksa ds laj{kd ds vfèkdkjksa dks è;ku esa j•uk egÙoiw.kZ gSA ?ksjs esa gSa ftUgsa fo|ky; tkus ds ctk; dk;Z@e”knwjh gsrq ckè; fd;k
iz'u% fl¼kar vkSj mldk ifjokj mlds fookg lekjksg dks ysdj tk jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr] vius dÙkZO; fuoZgu esa pwd ds lkFk
csgn mRlkfgr Fks] D;ksafd cgqr yacs le; ds ckn muds fl¼kar ljdkj }kjk mls lkSaih xbZ Hkwfedk ds fuoZgu esa Hkh vliQy
ifjokj esa dksbZ fookg gks jgk FkkA ysfdu tSls gh fl¼kar jgkA
fookg LFky ij igq¡pk] mlus ns•k fd oèkq i{k }kjk cqyk, fdlh Hkh uSfrd nqfoèkk dh fLFkfr esa dBksj fu.kZ; ysuk uSfrd
x, cSaM esa dbZ cky e”knwj 'kkfey FksA mRlkfgr fl¼kar lkgl dk fo"k; gSA vFkkZr~ dfBu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh ge Lo;a dh
vpkud ,d var}±} >syrs fl¼kar esa cny x;k] D;ksafd LokFkZ flf¼ ds ctk; nwljksa ds fgrksa dks vfèkd egÙo nsrs gSaA
cky e”knwjh tSls laosnu'khy eqíksa ij e”kcwr fu.kZ; ysuk gekjs
,d Je vk;qDr gksus ds ukrs ;g mldk drZO; Fkk fd og
vius vkuan ls vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ gSaA
fofèk ds bl mYya?ku dks jksdsA mlus bl ij euu fd;k
blds vfrfjDr] fl¼kar esa n`<+ fo'okl dh deh FkhA og
vkSj ,d u, cSaM dh O;oLFkk djus] cSaM ds ekfyd dks
vius ekrk&firk vkSj oèkw ds ifjokj ls ckr dj ldrk Fkk rkfd
bl rjg ds vkpj.k esa layXu gksus ds fy;s uksfVl nsus fdlh vkSj cSaM dh O;oLFkk gks ldsA
vkSj mlds fo#¼ ekeyk ntZ djkus] tSls dbZ fodYiksa ij mÙkj % (b) ;fn eSa mldh txg gksrk rks cSaM dks uksfVl nsus
fopkj fd;kA ijarq fl¼kar ;g lksprs gq, varr% fookg ds ds fodYi dks vfèkd mi;qDr le>rk_ eSa viuh ifj.kkefujis{k
fy;s vkxs c<+ x;k fd ;g mlds thou ds lcls egÙoiw.kZ uSfrdrk (Deontological Ethics) dk ikyu djrkA blls ckèkkjfgr
fnu dks cckZn dj nsxkA fookg dk mís'; Hkh iwjk gks tkrk vkSj dkuwu ds y{; dh Hkh iwfrZ
(a) D;k fl¼kar vius vkpj.k esa lgh Fkk\ gks tkrhA
(b) ;fn vki fl¼kar dh txg gksrs rks mlds }kjk fopkfjr iz'u% ,d Hkkjrh; 'kgj esa vif'k"V fuiVku vkSj Bksl vif'k"V
fodYiksa esa ls vkius fdldk p;u fd;k gksrk\ çcaèku ds ekeys esa uxj fudk; ds vfèkdkfj;ksa ds lqLr
joS;s dks ysdj yksxksa us fojksèk&çn'kZu fd;kA vfèkdkfj;ksa
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
ds joS;s us u dsoy 'kgj dh LoPNrk dks çHkkfor fd;k
Siddhant and his family were very excited about his
marriage ceremony, as after a very long time a marriage
gS] cfYd ;g dbZ çdkj ds jksxksa] ok;q çnw"k.k] çfrdwy
was taking place in their family. But as soon as Siddhant O;kikj okrkoj.k vkfn dk dkj.k cu x;k gSA 'kgjksa esa
reached marriage venue, he saw that the band arranged lkiQ&liQkbZ vkSj LoPNrk ij dk;Zjr ,d xSj&ljdkjh
by the bride’s side had many child laborers who were laxBu }kjk ,d tufgr ;kfpdk nk;j dh xbZA fo"k; dh
involved with the band. Excited Siddhant suddenly •sntud fLFkfr dks ns•rs gq,] U;k;ky; us uxj vk;qDr
turned into a conflicted Siddhartha, as being a labor dks 'kgj esa vif'k"V çcaèku ds fy;s fd;s x, mik;ksa ds
commissioner it was his duty to stop such violation of lacaèk esa rhu ekg ds vanj çxfr fjiksVZ nsus dk vkns'k
law. He pondered over it, and thought of many options
fn;k gSA eku yhft;s fd vki uxj vk;qDr gSa rks U;k;ky;
like arranging a new band immediately, giving notice
ds vkns'k ij viuh çfrfØ;k dh ppkZ dhft;sA
to the band owner for engaging in such conduct and
filing a case against them. But, Siddhant ultimately  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
proceeded with the wedding thinking that it will ruin Lacklustre attitude of municipal authorities in garbage

the most important day in his life. disposal and solid waste management in an Indian city
has led to protest by people. This state of affair has not
(a) Was Siddhant right in his conduct?
only affected the city’s hygiene but has also become a
(b) If you would have been in place of Siddhant, cause of multiple types of diseases, air pollution,
amongs”k the options pondered by him what would unfriendly business environment, etc. A PIL has been
have been your course of action? filed by an NGO working for cleanliness and hygiene

690
 in cities. Seeing the sorry state of affairs, the court has iz'u% vki ,d f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa inLFk gSaA vkidks vius
ordered the City Commissioner to give a progress report vfèkdkj {ks=k ds ,d xk¡o dh fLFkfr ds ckjs esa irk pyrk
within three months about the measures taken for
proper disposal of garbage and solid waste management gS tgk¡ dh tula[;k jDrkYirk (,uhfe;k) ls ihfM+r gSA
in the city. Suppose you are the City Commissioner then ,d ifj;kstuk ds rgr xk¡o okyksa dks iQksfVZiQkbM (iks"kd
discuss your response to the court’s order. rÙoksa ls ;qDr) pkoy miyCèk djkus dh igy dh xbZ
mÙkj% rkfd mUgsa iks"k.k iznku fd;k tk ldsA fdarq xk¡o okys bl
U;k;ky; ds vkns'k ij çfrfØ;k% xyr èkkj.kk ds pyrs fd ;s pkoy IykfLVd ds gSa] budk
z ,d çkjafHkd fjiksVZ rS;kj djuk% 'kgj esa Bksl vif'k"V miHkksx djus ls euk dj nsrs gSaA ogha nwljh rjiQ xzkeoklh
çcaèku ds mís'; ls uxj fuxe }kjk vc rd dh tk jgh okeiaFkh fopkjèkkjk ls Hkh izHkkfor gSa vkSj vkidks ;g Hkh
dkjZokbZ dh çkjafHkd fjiksVZ vkSj vkus okys le; esa dk;kZfUor irk pyrk gS fd uDlyoknh xzkeh.kksa dh bl vke èkkj.kk
gksus okys ;kstukc¼ mik;ksa ij ,d fjiksVZ rS;kj djukA bUgsa dk iz;ksx vius iQk;ns ds fy;s dj jgs gSa ftlls ljdkj
U;k;ky; esa çLrqr fd;k tk,xk vkSj lkFk gh uxj fudk; dh dks turk rd igq¡puk vfèkd eqf'dy gks jgk gSA
osclkbV ij viyksM fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,d vU; oSdfYid igy ds :i esa yksxksa dks vk;ju dh
z vxys rhu ekg ds fy;s dk;Z;kstuk rS;kj djuk% lacafèkr xksfy;k¡ miyCèk djkbZ xbZ ysfdu blus Hkh xzkeh.kksa ds chp
foHkkx çeq•ksa dh ,d cSBd cqykbZ tk,xh vkSj lHkh lacafèkr ,d vU; xyriQgeh iSnk dj nh fd bu xksfy;ksa ds lsou
foHkkx çeq•ksa ls buiqV ysdj dk;Z;kstuk rS;kj dh tk,xhA ls xHkZLFk f'k'kqvksa ds otu esa o`f¼ gks tkrh gS tks xHkZorh
z 'kgj esa Bksl vif'k"V çcaèku ds mís'; ls jkT; ljdkj ls efgykvksa esa izlo lacèa kh tfVyrkvksa esa o`f¼ dk dkj.k
foÙkh; lgk;rk ysuk vkSj vius lalkèku tqVkukA curh gSA bl izdkj ;g igy Hkh foiQy lkfcr gqbAZ
z tkx:drk fuekZ.k dk;ZØe% Bksl vif'k"V mRiknu dks de  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
djus ds egÙo ds ckjs esa yksxksa dks tkx:d fd;k tk,xk vkSj You are posted as a District Magistrate. You come to
muds chp LoPNrk dh laLÑfr dks c<+kok fn;k tk,xkA know about a situation in the village under your
z dk;Z ;kstuk ds dk;kZUo;u dh foLr`r fjiksVZ% rhu ekg ds jurisdiction where the population is suffering from
Anaemia. An initiative was taken to provide fortified
ckn 'kgj esa mi;qDr Bksl vif'k"V çcaèku ds fy;s fd;s x,
rice to villagers in order to provide nutrition to them
mik;ksa ds fooj.k ds lkFk ,d foLr`r fjiksVZ rS;kj dh tk,xh but villagers deny to eat them as they have the
ftls U;k;ky; dks lkSaik tk,xkA misconception of the rice being the plastic rice. On the
z lokZsÙke vH;klksa dk vuqdj.k% dsjy ds vykIiq>k 'kgj other hand, the village is also influenced by Leftist
dks o"kZ 2016 esa ;wusi (UNEP) }kjk fo'o ds mu ik¡p 'kgjksa movement and you get to know that naxalites are using
this public perception for their own benefit, making it
esa fpfÉr fd;k x;k tks vius lrr~@laoguh; Bksl vif'k"V
more difficult for the government to reach to the people.
çcaèku vH;klksa ds ekè;e ls çnw"k.k ij fu;a=k.k ds fy;s
An alternate initiative was taken by providing iron
dk;Zjr gSaA ;g uxj uoacj 2012 ls ^fueZy Hkoue& fueZy tablets to people but it created another misconception
uxje~* (Clean Homes, Clean City) uked ,d ifj;kstuk among villagers that these tablets lead to more weight
dks dk;kZfUor dj jgk gSA uxj us ,d fodsaæhÑr vif'k"V of babies in pregnant mothers leading to delivery
çcaèku ç.kkyh dks viuk;k gS vkSj uxj ds lHkh 23 okMks± esa complications. Thus, it also ended in failure.
'kr&çfr'kr vif'k"V i`FkDdj.k (Segregation) ij cy ns jgk (a) mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa fufgr fofHkUu eqís dkSu&ls gSa\
gSA ;gk¡ ds yxHkx 80 çfr'kr ?kjksa esa ck;ksxSl la;a=k vkSj What are the various issues involved in the above
fodsaæhÑr daiksfLVax ç.kkyh ekStwn gSaA U;k;ky; ds vkns'k ds case study?
ikyu esa bl ekWMy dk vuqdj.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA (b) uDlfy;ksa }kjk izlkfjr xyr lwpukvksa ds ifjizs{; esa
pw¡fd ;g ,slk fo"k; gS tgk¡ 'kgj fuokfl;ksa ds O;ogkj ifjorZu vki vke yksxksa dh èkkj.kkvksa dks dSls cnysaxs\
dh egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gS] blfy;s uxj fudk; ç'kklu }kjk dh tk How will you change the perception of the people

jgh dkjZokb;ksa ls ifjorZu vkus esa dqN le; yxsxkA vuqdj.kh; in the backdrop of spread of misinformation by the
Naxalites?
çsj.kk@jksy ekWMfyax (tSls& çèkkuea=kh Lo;a ^LoPN Hkkjr vfHk;ku*
dks çksRlkgu ns jgs gSa)] flfoy lkslk;Vh laxBu vkSj ,u-th-vks- mÙkj % (a) izLrqr ^dsl LVMh* esa fofHkUu fgrèkkjd fuEufyf[kr gS&a
yksxksa ds chp O;ogkj ifjorZu ykus esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk z xk¡ookys% jDrkYirk (,uhfe;k) ls ihfM+r O;fDr] xHkZorh efgyk,¡
ldrs gSaA ,oa uDlfy;ksa }kjk xqejkg lkekU; xzkeh.k turkA
691
 z uDlyh% uDlyh vius ykHk ds fy;s xzkeh.kksa ds chp fo|eku nsdj vFkok lks'ky ehfM;k vkfn ds ekè;e ls fn;s tk ldrs
xyr èkkj.kkvksa dk nq#i;ksx dj jgs gSa vkSj ljdkj ds fy;s turk gSaA bl mís'; ds fy;s uqDdM+ ukVdksa dk Hkh lgkjk fy;k tk
rd igq¡puk eqf'dy cuk jgs gSaA ldrk gSA
z f”kyk iz'kklu% f”kyk iz'kklu ds ikl gy djus ds fy;s fofHkUu z lkekftd vuqu;u% lkekftd vuqu;u dks yksxksa ds fo'okl
leL;k,¡ gSa] ftlds pyrs og xzkeh.k leqnk; esa O;kIr Hkzked ,oa èkkj.kkvksa esa cnyko ds ,d midj.k ds :i esa iz;ksx djukA
lwpukvksa dks nwj djus ds fy;s i;kZIr è;ku ugha ns ik jgk gSA z ifCyd&izkbosV ikVZujf'ki% yf{kr leqnk; esa ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa
Hkkjr esa fodkl xfrfofèk;k¡ dbZ dkjdksa ls udkjkRed :i ls dk izpkj&izlkj djus ds fy;s xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa vkSj fo'ks"kK
izHkkfor gSaA bu dkjdksa esa xjhch] csjks”kxkjh] vf'k{kk o dqiks"k.k vkfn futh laLFkkvksa dk lg;ksx ysuk] tSls&jk"Vªh; iks"k.k fe'ku ds lanHkZ
izeq[k gSaA uDlyokn bl rjg dh leL;kvksa ds fy;s b±èku dk dke esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA
djrk gSA mijksDr ^dsl LVMh* uDly izHkkfor {ks=k esa O;kIr fofoèk z fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks izf'kf{kr djuk% {ks=k&fo'ks"k ds fo|ky;ksa esa
leL;kvksa ls lacafèkr gSA bl ^dsl LVMh esa* ^iQksVhZiQkbM pkoy* o fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks iQksVhZiQkbM pkoy vkSj vk;ju dh xksfy;ksa ls gksus
^vk;ju dh xksfy;ksa* ds iz;ksx dks ysdj LFkkuh; turk esa iSQyh Hkzked okys ykHkksa ds ckjs esa f'k{kk nsuk rkfd os vius Lo;a ds ifjokjksa
èkkj.kkvksa dks nwj djuk f”kyk iz'kklu ds fy;s pqukSrhiw.kZ dk;Z cuk esa iQksVhZiQkbM pkoy vkSj vk;ju dh xksfy;ksa ds iz;ksx ds lanHkZ
gqvk gSA uDlyokn ls izHkkfor {ks=k gksus ds dkj.k f”kyk iz'kklu ds esa O;ogkfjd ifjorZu yk ldsaA
fy;s xzkeh.kksa dh lksp esa cnyko dk dk;Z vkSj Hkh dfBu lkfcr gks z fo'okl cgkyh ra=k dk fuekZ.k% mijksDr lanHkZ esa ;g ekuk tk
jgk gSA bl dsl LVMh esa 'kkfey fofoèk eqís fuEufyf[kr gSa& ldrk gS fd LFkkuh; leqnk; vkSj iz'kklu ds eè; fo'okl dh
z iQksVhZiQkbM pkoy ds IykfLVd dk pkoy gksus dh Hkzked deh gSA vr% fujarj laokn ,oa laidZ ds ekè;e ls iz'kklu dks
èkkj.kk% xk¡ooklh ,uhfe;k ls ihfM+r gSa ftls nwj djus ds fy;s fo'okl cgkyh ds mik; djus pkfg;sA
mUgsa iQksVhZiQkbM pkoy ds :i esa iwjd iks"kkgkj miyCèk djk;k z iz'kklu dks {ks=k esa uDlyh leL;k ds lekèkku dk iz;kl
tk jgk gS] ijarq mUgksaus bls IykfLVd ls cuk gksus dh ckr dgdj djuk pkfg;s% blds fy;s iqfyl cy dk vkèkqfudhdj.k] Hkwfe
ysus ls badkj dj fn;k gSA pdcanh dkuwuksa dk U;k;iw.kZ izorZu ,oa uDly izHkkfor {ks=k esa
z vk;ju dh xksfy;ksa ds iz;ksx ls xHkZorh efgykvksa esa izlo ljdkj }kjk iznku dh xbZ èkujkf'k dk vfèkdre ykHk ds fy;s
lacaèkh tfVyrk,¡ iSnk djus dh Hkzked èkkj.kk% xzkeh.k turk iz;ksx vkfn mik; viuk, tk ldrs gSaA
esa ,uhfe;k dh leL;k dks nwj djus ds fy;s vk;ju dh xksfy;ksa z blds vfrfjDr LFkkuh; leqnk; ds mu yksxksa dks tks iQksVhZiQkbM
ds :i esa miyCèk djk, x, oSdfYid lekèkku ds lanHkZ esa ;g pkoy vkSj vk;ju dh xksfy;ksa ds miHkksx ds fy;s rS;kj gks tkrs
Hkzked èkkj.kk cSB xbZ gS fd ;s xksfy;k¡ xHkZLFk f'k'kqvksa ds o”ku gSa rks dqN vfrfjDr [kk|kUu ;k ekSfnzd ykHk iznku fd;k tk ldrk
esa o`f¼ djrh gSa] ftlls tUe ds le; LokLF; lacaèkh tfVyrk,¡ gSA bl izdkj leL;k dk vYidkyhu lekèkku fd;k tk ldrk gSA
mRiUu gks ldrh gSa] vr% xzkeh.kksa us bls Hkh viukus ls budkj mijksDr mik;ksa ds vykok LFkkuh; iapk;rksa] vkaxuokfM+;ksa] Lo;a
dj fn;k gSA lgk;rk lewgksa vkSj vkfnoklh usrkvksa dk lg;ksx LFkkuh; leqnk; ds
z uDlfy;ksa }kjk xzkeh.kksa esa iSQyh Hkzked èkkj.kkvksa dk vius yksxksa dks lgh fn'kk esa ys tkus ds fy;s fy;k tk ldrk gS rkfd os
LokFkZ ds fy;s nq#i;ksx djuk% okeiaFkh fopkjèkkjk vkSj lkekftd yacs le; ds fy;s ,slh xyr èkkj.kkvksa ls eqDr gksdj O;fDrxr ,oa
ncko ds ekè;e ls uDlyh LFkkuh; turk dks xqejkg dj jgs gSaA lkewfgd :i ls viuk fodkl djus esa Lo;a l{ke gks ldsaA
mÙkj % (b) uDlfy;ksa }kjk xyr lwpuk,¡ iQSykus dh i`"BHkwfe esa iz'u% ,d efgyk vius iq#"k lkFkh ds lkFk fyo bu fjys'kuf'ki
yksxksa dh èkkj.kk cnyus dk iz;kl& esa FkhA mlus vius lkFkh }kjk 'kknh dk >k¡lk nsdj fiNys
f”kyk iz'kklu dks xzkeh.k turk rd lgh lwpukvksa dks igq¡pkus ik¡p lkyksa ls yxkrkj ;kSu mRihM+u ,oa cykRdkj fd;s tkus
dk gj laHko iz;kl djuk pkfg;sA iQksVhZiQkbM pkoy vkSj vk;ju dh dh f'kdk;r iqfyl ds ikl ntZ djkbZA iqfyl }kjk dh xbZ
xksfy;ksa ds lanHkZ esa xzkeh.kksa dks lgh tkudkjh nsus ds fy;s fuEu dne izkFkfed tk¡p esa ;g ik;k x;k fd ;s vkjksi >wBs gSa rFkk
mBk, tk ldrs gSa& ;s naifÙk vkilh erHksn gksus ls iwoZ [kq'kgky thou th jgs
z tutkx:drk vfHk;ku pykuk% blds fy;s lacafèkr {ks=k esa Fks] ftlls iqfyl dks ;s vkjksi fujkèkkj yxsA ,sls esa ml
iQksVhZiQkbM pkoy o vk;ju dh xksfy;ksa ls gksus okys ykHkksa dks efgyk us jkT; efgyk vk;ksx esa f'kdk;r ntZ djokrs gq,
crkus ds fy;s tutkx:drk dSaiksa dk vk;kstu fd;k tk ldrk ;g vkjksi yxk;k fd iqfyl }kjk mls U;k; ugha feyk rFkk
gSA bl lanHkZ esa LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa lkoZtfud :i ls ohfM;ks ysDpj fir`lÙkkRed ekufldrk ds ds pyrs iqfyl us mlds izfr

692
 HksnHkko fd;k gSA mlus efgyk vk;ksx ls U;k; dh vihy z eSa iq#"k fyo&bu ikVZuj ls ckr dj mldk i{k lquwaxh vkSj bl
dh gSA vki jkT; efgyk vk;ksx dh ps;jilZu gSaA izdkj feys rF;ksa ds vkèkkj ij ;g r; djus dk iz;kl d:axh
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) fd efgyk }kjk yxk, x, vkjksiksa esa lR;rk fdruh gSA
A woman was in a live in relationship with her male z eSa iqfyl vfèkdkfj;ksa ls vuqjksèk d:axh fd os izkajfHkd tk¡p
partner. She complained to the police of sexual fjiksVZ dh izfrfyfi miyCèk djk,¡ ftlls bldh tk¡p dh tk
harassment and rape continously for last five years in
lds fd iqfyl us viuh tk¡p Lroa=k vkSj fu"i{k rjhds ls dh
(on) the pretext of marriage by her partner. The police
on prima facie investigation found out that the allegation gS vFkok ughaA
is false and the couple was living happily until some z eSa bl eqís dh laosnu'khyrk dks ns[krs gq, lacafèkr {ks=k ds iqfyl
internal feud developed that led to these baseless vfèkdkfj;ksa dks u, fljs ls tk¡p dk funsZ'k nw¡xh vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr
allegations. The woman complained to the State
d:axh fd bl tk¡p ny esa efgyk iqfyldehZ Hkh lfEefyr gksaA
Commission for Women and alleged that she did not
get justice from the police and they were biased against z bl chp ihfM+r efgyk dks HkkoukRed leFkZu vkSj dkuwuh ekxZn'kZu
her due to patriarchal mindset. She demands justice iznku djus dk iz;kl d:axhA
from the Women Commission. You are the chairperson
mÙkj % (b) Hkkjrh; laLÑfr esa fookg dks ,d èkkfeZd laLdkj
of the State Commission for Women.
ekuk tkrk gS ftlesa iq#"k vkSj efgyk 'kkjhfjd] lkekftd vkSj
(a) ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa vki dkSu ls dne mBk,axs\
vkè;kfRed mís';ksa dh iwfrZ ds fy;s LFkkbZ caèku esa c¡èks gksrs gSaA vkerkSj
What steps will you take in such a situation?
ij Hkkjrh; lekt esa fyo&bu fjys'kuf'ki dks Lohdk;Z ugha fd;k
(b) D;k vkidks yxrk gS fd fyo bu fjys'kuf'ki Hkkjrh;
tkrk gSA bls vHkh rd gekjh laLÑfr esa iwjh rjg vkRelkr~ ugha fd;k
laLÑfr ,oa ikjaifjd ewY;ksa ds f[kykiQ gS\
x;k gS ftldh otg ls ,sls fj'rs esa jgus okys iq#"k o efgyk dks
Do you think that live in relationships are against
Indian culture and traditional values? lkekftd vLohÑfr >syuh iM+rh gSA ;fn vkxs pydj fyo&bu esa
mÙkj% ;g dsl LVMh ,d efgyk }kjk vius fyo&bu ikVZuj ij jgus okys iq#"k o L=kh ds vkilh lacaèk [kjkc gks tk,¡ rks muds fy;s
cykRdkj vkSj ;kSu mRihM+u ds vkjksi yxk, tkus ls lacafèkr gS ftlds fookg dh LFkkfir ijaijk ds rgr viuk ?kj nqckjk clkuk dfBu gks
lkFk og fiNys ik¡p o"kks± ls jg jgh FkhA tkrk gSA
z izFken`"V;k ;g ekeyk fj'rksa esa [kVkl dk yx jgk gS] gkyk¡fd
fyo&bu fjys'kuf'ki dks ysdj lkekftd vLohÑfr ,oa dyad
;g ekeyk ,d ,sls fj'rs esa nksuksa i{kksa dh lqHks| fLFkfr dks Hkh ds pyrs vyxko dh fLFkfr esa ;g efgyk ds fy;s vfèkd d"Vdkjh
iznf'kZr djrk gS ftlds izfr dkuwu vkSj lekt cgqr xzg.k'khy gksrk gSA gkyk¡fd] le; ds lkFk fyo&bu fjys'kuf'ki dks ysdj lekt
ugha gSaA ,sls esa nksuksa i{kksa esa ls fdlh ,d ds }kjk U;k; dh xqgkj ds n`f"Vdks.k esa cnyko vk jgk gS vkSj 'kuS%&'kuS% gh lgh] lekt us bu
yxkus ij ;g r; dj ikuk dfBu gS fd okLro esa nks"kh dkSu fj'rksa dks Lohdkj djuk izkjaHk dj fn;k gSA bl rjg ds fj'rksa ds lanHkZ
gSA fiQj Hkh] jkT; efgyk vk;ksx dh vè;{k ds :i esa esjh egrh esa mPpre U;k;ky; us Hkh vius fu.kZ; esa dgk gS fd tc rd vU;Fkk
f”kEesnkjh gS fd ihfM+r i{k dks U;k; feysA lkfcr ugha gksrk rc rd yacs le; ls fyo&bu fjys'kuf'ki esa jgus okys
z dsl LVMh esa lacafèkr fgrèkkjd%
naifr;ksa dks dkuwuh :i ls fookfgr ekuk tk,xkA fyo&bu fjys'kuf'ki ds
ckjs esa bruk ”k:j dgk tk ldrk gS fd bUgsa ysdj èkhjs&èkhjs ;qokvksa ds
‹ iq#"k fyo&bu ikVZuj
eè; Lohdk;Zrk c<+ jgh gSA tgk¡ rd dkuwu dh ckr gS rks dkuwu ds
‹ efgyk fyo&bu ikVZuj
vuqlkj cxSj fookg fd;s lkFk jguk vijkèk ugha gS cfYd ;g thou ds
‹ iqfyl vfèkdkjh
vfèkdkj dk ,d fgLlk gSA
‹ jkT; efgyk vk;ksx
vkt] nqfu;k ds dbZ ikjaifjd lekt fyo&bu fj'rksa dk fojksèk
‹ O;kid vFkks± esa lekt
dj jgs gSaA ysfdu gesa ;g le>uk gksxk fd HkkoukRed yxko dks
bl ekeys esa f'kdk;dÙkkZ }kjk fyo&bu ikVZuj }kjk ;kSu mRihM+u dHkh Hkh cy iz;ksx ls nck;k ugha tk ldrk gS vkSj ,sls fj'rksa esa
,oa iqfyl vfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk dÙkZO; dh vogsyuk ds lanHkZ esa yxk, O;fDr ds ikl fu.kZ; ysus ,oa pquko djus dh Lora=krk gksuh pkfg;sA
x, vkjksiksa dh lR;rk dh tk¡p djuk jkT; efgyk vk;ksx dh vè;{k ;fn ;qok fyo&bu fj'rksa dh vksj vkdf"kZr gks jgs gSa rks lekt ds
ds :i esa esjk izkFkfed dne gksxkA fofHkUu fgrèkkjdksa dks cnyrs ifjos'k vkSj ijaijk ds eè; larqyu
mÙkj % (a) bl lacaèk esa mBk, tkus okys dne fuEufyf[kr gSa& LFkkfir djus dk iz;kl djuk pkfg;sA nwljh vksj] ,sls fj'rs esa izos'k
z igys eSa] efgyk }kjk fyo&bu ikVZuj vkSj iqfyl vfèkdkfj;ksa ij djus okys yksxksa ls Hkh vis{kk gS fd os ,d&nwljs ds izfr ftEesnkj
yxk, x, vkjksiksa dh lR;rk dh tk¡p d:axhA joS;k iznf'kZr djsaA
693
 lhèks rkSj ij bu fj'rksa dks vLohdk;Z djus ds ctk; gesa ,sls mÙkj%
niafr;ksa ds fy;s ,d ^liksVZ esdSfu”e* fodflr djus ij è;ku nsuk fgrèkkjd
pkfg;s ftlls vkus okys le; esa ,sls tksM+s lkekftd :i ls èkkj.kh; z jkT; ljdkj z lfefr ds vè;{k
,oa LFkk;h fj'rk cukus dh fn'kk esa vkxs c<+ ldsaA z 'kgj dk uxj fuxe z O;kid vFkks± esa lkekU; turk
iz'u% ,d 'kgj ds uxj fuxe }kjk lkoZtfud ifjogu volajpuk z i;kZoj.k dk;ZdÙkkZ
ds fodkl gsrq isM+ksa dh dVkbZ dh vuqefr nh xbZ gSA daØhV
dsanzh; eqík
ds taxy ;qDr f”kys esa {ks=k ,Dl (x) ,d gfjr iV~Vh gSA
,sls esa c<+rh i;kZoj.kh; tkx:drk ds izHkko esa yksx lM+dksa izLrqr dsl LVMh esa dasnzh; eqík ;g gS fd i;kZoj.k ls le>kSrk
fd;s fcuk lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl dSls lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,A bl
ij mrj vk, gSa rkfd i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds lans'k dks iSQyk;k
rjg ds larqyu dks dk;e j[kuk fdlh Hkh ljdkj ;k nqfu;k ds fdlh
tk lds rFkk isM+ksa dh vaèkkèkqaèk dVkbZ ds f[kykiQ yksx [kM+s
Hkh ns'k ds fy;s ,d pqukSrhiw.kZ dk;Z jgk gSA ;gk¡ 'kkfey lexz fpark
gks ldsaA tcfd uxj fuxe dk er gS fd oguh; lkoZtfud
;g gS fd isM+ksa dh dVkbZ ls tSo fofoèkrk dh {kfr gks jgh gS vkSj
ifjogu volajpuk ds fodkl ls yksx futh okguksa ds vU; i;kZoj.kh; pqukSfr;ksa ds lanHkZ eas yksxksa dh fparkvksa dk fujkdj.k
mi;ksx esa dVkSrh djsaxs ftlls varr% dkcZu iqQVfizaV de djrs gq,] futh okguksa ds mi;ksx dks de djus okys lkoZtfud
gks tk,xkA blh ds lkFk izn'kZudÙkkZvksa dk dguk gS fd ifjogu ds fy;s cqfu;knh <k¡pk fuekZ.k dh fodklkRed ifj;kstukvksa
;g {ks=k izkÑfrd :i ls ck<+ {ks=k gS] ftlesa isM+ksa ds dVko dks dSls vkxs c<+k;k tk, rks vrr% 'kgj esa dkcZu iqQVfizaV dks de
,oa fuekZ.k xfrfofèk;ksa ds pyrs ekulwu ds nkSjku fLFkfr djsxhA
vkSj cnrj gks tk,xhA isM+ksa dh dVkbZ ds f[kykiQ O;kid lfefr ds vè;{k ds :i esa mfpr dkjZokbZ
tu fojksèk dks ns[krs gq, jkT; ljdkj us bl ekeys ij
z lfefr ds vè;{k ds :i eas eSa lcls igys bl ekeys esa 'kkfey
xkSj djus ,oa ifj;kstuk gsrq oSdfYid lq>ko nsus ds fy;s lHkh fgrèkkjdksa ds lkFk ,d cSBd cqykÅ¡xk vkSj muds n`f"Vdks.kksa
,d lfefr dk xBu fd;k gSA vkidks bl lfefr ds vè;{k dks le>us dk iz;kl d:¡xkA
ds :i esa fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSA turk dh fparkvksa ds z ck<+ laHkkfor {ks=k esa lkoZtfud ifjogu volajpuk ds i;kZoj.k
lekèkku ,oa i;kZoj.kh; izHkko dks lhfer djus gsrq vki ij iM+us okys izHkkoksa dk vè;;u djus ds fy;s ,d VkLd iQkslZ
ljdkj ls fdl izdkj dh dkjZokbZ dh fliQkfj'k djsaxs\ dk xBu d:¡xkA
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) z ;fn i;kZoj.k izHkko vkdyu VkLd iQkslZ ifj;kstuk dk leFkZu
The municipal corporation of a city approved felling of djrh gS rks eSa ifj;kstuk ij vkxs c<+us ds fy;s ljdkj ls vuqjksèk
trees to develop a public transport infrastructure. d:¡xk vkSj LFkkuh; vkcknh dks ;g fo'okl fnykÅ¡xk fd ifj;kstuk
Amidst the concrete jungle of the district, an area X is
ds dkj.k dkVs x, isM+ksa ds ,ot esa {ks=k esa {kfriwjd ouhdj.k
a treasured green patch. With increasing environmental
awareness, people have come on the streets to spread
o`gn~ Lrj ij fd;k tk,xkA
the message of conservation and stand against the z gkyk¡fd ;fn VkLd iQkslZ fdlh Hkh rjg ls ifj;kstuk dk fojksèk
indiscriminate felling of trees. The Municipal djrh gS rks eSa ljdkj dks ifj;kstuk dk dke jksd nsus dh lykg
Corporation is of the view that building viable public nw¡xk vkSj fdlh vU; {ks=k dh igpku dk iz;kl d:¡xk tgk¡
transport infrastructure will dissuade people from using ifj;kstuk iqu% 'kq: dh tk ldsA bl lanHkZ esa oSdfYid LFkku
private vehicles and ultimately reducing the carbon
dk p;u djrs le; igys gh i;kZoj.k izHkko vkdyu dj lacafèkr
footprint. Meanwhile activists say it is the sole surviving
natural floodplain of the area, whose reclamation
vè;;u {ks=k ds fuokfl;ksa ds voyksdukFkZ lkoZtfud iksVZy ij
through construction and felling of trees would lead miyCèk djkuk lqfuf'pr d:¡xkA
to greater inundation during the monsoon. The state blds vykok] mijksDr rkRdkfyd mik;ksa dh fliQkfj'k djus ds
government alarmed by widespread public protest lkFk gh eSa vkus okys le; eas bl rjg ds eqíksa ls fuiVus ds fy;s
against the felling of trees has constituted a committee dqN vU; mik;ksa dk lq>ko nw¡xk] ftudk fooj.k fuEufyf[kr gS&
to look into the matter and suggest alternatives for this
z eSa jkT; ljdkj dks laof` ¼ vkSj fodkl dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s ^gfjr
project. You are appointed as the chairperson of this
committee, What course of action you will recommend vFkZO;oLFkk* viukus dk lq>ko nwx¡ kA blls ekuo dY;k.k vkSj lkekftd
to the government for assuaging public concern and lerk ls lqèkkj lqfuf'pr gks ldsxk] lkFk gh i;kZoj.kh; tksf[ke vkSj
limiting environmental impact? ikfjfLFkfrd ladV dks de fd;k tk ldsxkA

694
 z bl lacaèk esa dqN oSdfYid mik; lkSj ÅtkZ] tSo b±èku] gkbMªkstu responsibilities. These rules were framed when the
government’s philosophy was dominated by an
Ý;wy lsy lapkfyr okguksa o bysfDVªd okguksa vkfn dks viuk;k
overwhelming command-and-control attitude that
tk ldrk gS tks dkcZu iqqQVfizaV de djus esa enn dj ldrs gSaA brooked no criticism and demanded uniform and
z ;fn jkT; ljdkj èkkj.kh; fodkl ekWMy dks viukus ij è;ku unquestioning obedience from all its employees. This
command and control structure has since been
nsrh gS rks Hkfo"; esa ,sls fooknkLin eqíksas ls cpk tk ldrk gSA
dismantled, but the surveillance and disciplining
bl lacaèk esa la;qDr jk"Vª ds lrr~ fodkl ekWMy dks 'kgjh fodkl attitude still remains intact. A set of rules framed 50
;kstukvksa esa 'kkfey fd;k tk ldrk gSA years ago cannot be applied mindlessly to situations that
are now vastly different. These dated rules must be
z gekjs lafoèkku esa Hkh jkT; vkSj ukxfjd nksuksa dks i;kZoj.k dks
consigned to the dustbin of history and replaced by a
lajf{kr j[kus ds fy;s funsZf'kr fd;k x;k gSA vuqPNsn 48A jkT; new code of ethics based on self-regulation,
dks i;kZoj.k dh j{kk vkSj lqèkkj dh f”kEesnkjh nsrk gS vkSj vuqPNsn accountability, and transparency.
51A (g) i;kZoj.k dh j{kk djuk izR;sd ukxfjd dk drZO; (a) Restrictions on freedom of speech and expression
of civil servants is contradictory to democratic ethos
lqfuf'pr djrk gSA of the country. Do you agree?
z orZeku le; esa èkkj.kh; fodkl gekjh vko';drk gS] vr% ge (b) Do you think there is a need for reforms in rules
lcdh lkewfgd o O;fDrxr f”kEesnkjh gS fd laiw.kZ ekuork ds governing civil services?
fy;s izÑfriznÙk lalkèkuksa dk bl izdkj iz;ksx djsa fd os Hkkoh mÙkj (a): Hkk"k.k ,oa vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk lafoèkku }kjk iznÙk
ih<+h ds fy;s Hkh miyCèk jgsa vkSj fodkl ds uke ij ,d gh izeq[k ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa esa ls ,d gSA iztkra=k esa tgk¡ turk }kjk 'kklu
ih<+h esa lekIr u gks tk,¡A fd;k tkrk gS ogk¡ vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk izR;{k ;k vizR;{k :i ls
vR;fèkd egÙoiw.kZ gksrh gSA oLrqr% bls iw.kZr% ykxw ugha fd;k tk
iz'u% dsanzh; flfoy lsok (vkpj.k) fu;ekoyh 1964, tks ns'k
ldrkA Hkkjrh; lekt esa fo|eku fo'kky fofoèkrk dks ns[krs gq, bl
ds lHkh yksd lsodksa ij ykxw gksrk gS] vkSifuosf'kd
ij ;qfDr;qDr fuc±èk vkjksfir fd;s x, gSaA
ekufldrk dks izfrfcafcr djrs gSaA yksd lsod vc viuh
bl izdkj flfoy lsodksa dh Hkk"k.k ,oa vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk
Hkwfedkvksa vkSj f”kEesnkfj;ksa dks ysdj yacs le; rd vcksèk
ij yxk, x, ;qfD;qDr fuc±èkksa dks fuEufyf[kr vkèkkjksa ij vyksdrkaf=kd
ckydksa tSls vufHkK ugha jguk pkgrsA ;s fu;e rc cuk, ?kksf"kr ugha fd;k tk ldrk&
x, Fks tc ljdkj fufoZokn :i ls dekaM ,aM daVªksy z flfoy lsodksa ij yxk, x, ;qfDr;qDr fuc±èk lsok esa vuq'kklu
n`f"Vdks.k dks viukrh Fkh tgk¡ fdlh vkykspuk dh dksbZ dks cuk, j[kus] deZpkfj;ksa }kjk viuh {kerkvksa dk vuqdwyre
txg ugha Fkh ,oa deZpkfj;ksa ls lkoZHkkSfed ,oa fufoZokn iz;ksx djrs gq, vius drZO;kas dk fuoZgu djus rFkk ljdkjh fgrksa
vkKkdkfjrk dh vis{kk dh tkrh FkhA ;g deakM ,aM daVªksy ,oa izfr"Bk dh j{kk djus gsrq yxk, tkrs gSaA
ra=k vc lekIr gks pqdk gS fdarq vuq'kklukRed ,oa z flfoy lsod fdlh Hkh ljdkjh dne dh ldkjkRed vkykspuk
fuxjkuh;qDr n`f"Vdks.k vHkh Hkh fo|eku gSA 50 o"kZ iwoZ dj ldrs gSa fdarq fdlh uhfr dks iw.kZr;k udkjus ls ljdkjh
fuèkkZfjr bu fu;eksa dks orZeku cnyh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa csjgeh laLFkkvksa ij ls turk dk fo'okl lekIr gks ldrk gSA
ls ykxw ugha fd;k tk ldrkA bu iwoZfnukafdr fu;eksa dks z flfoy lsod vius dk;Zdky dh vofèk ds nkSjku uhfr&fuekZ.k
bfrgkl ds dwM+snkuksa esa Mky nsuk pkfg;s rFkk bldh txg dk fgLlk gksus ds lkFk bl uhfr ls lacafèkr vR;fèkd egÙoiw.kZ
Lofofu;eu] tokcnsgh ,oa ikjnf'kZrk ds vkèkkj ij ubZ tkudkjh dks lkoZtfud ugha dj ldrsA
uSfrd lafgrk ykbZ tkuh pkfg;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) z dHkh&dHkh viuh O;fDrxr izkFkfedrkvksa ds dkj.k flfoy lsod

(a) D;k vki bl er ls lger gSa fd flfoy lsodksa dh fdlh uhfr ls vlger gks ldrs gSaA flfoy lsod vius dk;Zdky
Hkk"k.k ,oa vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk ij izfrcaèk ns'k ds nkSjku fofHkUu fopkjèkkjkvksa ds usrkvksa ds vèkhu dk;Zjr gksrs
dh yksdrkaf=kd pfj=k ds fojksèkkHkklh gS\ gSa fdarq mudk O;fDrxr jktuhfrd >qdko jktusrkvksa ds lkFk
muds lacaèkksa ds ekxZ esa ckèkk ugha cuuk pkfg;sA
(b) D;k vkidks yxrk gS fd flfoy lsokvksa dks fu;af=kr
oLrqr% ljdkjsa vius vfèkdkfj;ksa dks vPNs vkpj.k eas j[kus gsrq
djus okys fu;eksa esa lqèkkj dh vko';drk gS\
The Central Civil Services (Conduct) Rules, 1964, which
fu;e ,oa dkuwu cukrh gSa] bu fu;eksa esa ls dqN dk fodkl vuq'kklu
apply to all public servants in the country, are reflective ,oa vkRela;fer yksdra=k esa yksxksa dk fo'okl cuk jgs] blfy;s fd;k
of a colonial mindset. Civil servants no longer want to tkrk gSA lekt ds O;kid fgr gsrq turk ,oa mlds lsodksa ds eè;
be treated as unruly kids ignorant of their roles and ,d eghu varj cuk jguk pkfg;sA
695
 mÙkj % (b) flfoy lsokvksa dks izcafèkr djus okys fofu;eksa ;|fi
vki ijkyh tyk, tkus ds f[kykiQ gSa ysfdu okLro
esa lqèkkj dh vko';drk% esa vki Ñ"kdksa dh euksn'kk ds izfr Hkh lgkuqHkwfr j[krs gSaA
flfoy lsok,¡ ljdkjh ra=k dks lqpk# cuk, j[kus gsrq vR;fèkd bl f”kys esa fgald Ñ"kd vkanksyuksa dh ,sfrgkfld i`"BHkwfe
vko';d gSaA vkSifuosf'kd dky ls gh Hkkjr eas flfoy lsok,¡ ^LVhy Hkh jgh gSA vki bl ?kVuk ls ifjfpr gSa vkSj bl jktuhfrd
izsQe* dh Hkk¡fr fo|eku gSaA Hkkjr esa cM+s iSekus ij ukSdj'kkgh dk :i ls lfØ; ekgkSy esa fgalk ;k vkanksyu dh fdlh Hkh
lapkyu djus okys fu;e ;g lqfuf'pr djrs gSa fd vfèkdkjh xksiuh; vfiz; ?kVuk ls cpuk pkgrs gSaA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
lwpuk dks lkoZtfud u djsa] u gh ljdkjh uhfr;ksa dh vkykspuk djsa Pollution is severely affecting the health of people in a
metropolitan city. One of the major causes for this
lkFk gh jktuhfrd :i ls rVLFk jgsa gkyk¡fd orZeku lekt eas mÙkjksrj
environmental calamity is widespread stubble burning
c<+rh izxfr'khyrk lekt dks [kqyk ,oa ikjn'khZ cuk jgh gSA ,sls esa by farmers in the surrounding regions after harvesting
bu fu;eksa dk egÙo èkhjs&èkhjs de gksrk tk jgk gSA izxfr'khy lekt paddy crop. Despite an outright ban imposed by the
bl <k¡ps dks yksdrkaf=kd ewY;ksa esa mifLFkr tM+rk ds izrhd dh Hkk¡fr government and introduction of subsidy packages for
ekurk gSA buying advance machines to dispose stubble, stubble
burning remains unabated. The cause for farmers’
bl lanHkZ esa flfoy lsok vkpj.k lafgrk eas lqèkkj lq'kklu gsrq indifference towards machines is the belief that use of
vko';d gS] lqèkkjksa dk mís'; flfoy lsokvksa dks ,d xfr'khy] machines like happy seeder leads to fall in the output
dq'ky ,oa tokcnsghiw.kZ ra=k ds :i eas iquLFkkZfir djuk gksuk pkfg;sA of successive crops. Recently, the state High Court has
flfoy lsokvksa dh lqiqnZxh yksdkpkj esa ikjnf'kZrk ds ewY;ksa dk fodkl] called for a stringent implementation of the ban order
in the neighbouring district of state capital. You are the
rVLFkrk rFkk fu"i{krk dk fodkl djrh gSA
District magistrate of one of these districts and want to
bl izdkj ukSdj'kkgh eas uokpkj] vfèkd [kqys fopkjksa ,oa ikjn'khZ get rid of this polluting activity. However, your efforts
dk;Z&laLÑfr ds fodkl gsrq lqèkkj vko';d gSaA are not yielding desirable results on the ground because
iz'u% ,d egkuxj esa iznw"k.k yksxksa ds LokLF; dks xaHkhj :i ls of the politicization of this practice. Now, the local
leaders are pressuring you to ignore the ban for this
izHkkfor dj jgk gSA uxj ds pkjksa vksj vofLFkr xk¡oksa ds
season and send deceptive data to the High Court
Ñ"kdksa }kjk èkku dh iQly dVkbZ ds i'pkr~ mlds vif'k"Vksa otherwise they will lose support in the election.
dks tykuk] bl i;kZoj.kh; vkink dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ dkj.k Although, you are against stubble burning but you
gSA ljdkj }kjk bl ij yxk, x, izfrcaèkksa ,oa ijkyh genuinely sympathize with the farmers for their
fuiVku gsrq vko';d e'khuksa ij lfClMh nsus dh 'kq#vkr predicaments. The district also has a history of farmers
djus ds ckotwn iQly vif'k"Vksa dk ngu fcuk fdlh movements which were at times violent. You are well
aware of this and want to avoid any untoward incident
jksd&Vksd ds tkjh gSA e'khuksa ds izfr fdlkuksa dh mnklhurk of violence or agitation in this politically charged
dk izeq[k dkj.k mudh ;g èkkj.kk gS fd bu gSIih lhMj atmosphere.
tSlh e'khuksa ds iz;ksx ls iQly mRiknu esa fujarj fxjkoV (a) bl dsl LVMh esa fufgr fofHkUu eqíksa dh igpku dhft;sA
vkrh gSA gky gh esa jkT; mPp U;k;ky; }kjk jkT; dh Identify the various issues involved in the case.
jktèkkuh ds vklikl ds f”kyksa esa izfrcaèk vkns'kksa ds dM+s (b) lacafèkr {ks=k ds f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa] bl eqís dks
fØ;kUo;u ds fy;s dgk x;k gSA lqy>kus gsrq vki fdl izdkj dh dkjZokbZ djsaxs\
vki bu f”kyksa eas ls ,d f”kys ds f”kykfèkdkjh gSa vkSj bl As a District Magistrate of the concerned area, what
izn"w k.kdkjh xfrfofèk dks lekIr djus gsrq izfrc¼ gSAa gkyk¡fd will be your course of action in resolving the issue?
bl eqís dk jktuhfrdj.k gks tkus dh otg ls vkids }kjk mÙkj% mi;qZDr dsl LVMh iznw"k.k ds fo'ks"k i;kZoj.kh; eqís ds
fd;s x, iz;kl dks ”kehuh Lrj ij okafNr liQyrk ugha fey fo"k; esa gS] ftlesa dbZ fgrèkkjd ,oa lacafèkr eqís 'kkfey gSaA lacafèkr
ik jgh gSA vc vki ij LFkkuh; usrkvksa }kjk nokc cuk;k {ks=k ds f”kyk eftLVªsV ds :i eas esjh lcls cM+h f”kEesnkjh ;g gS
tk jgk gS fd vki bl lhtu esa izfrcaèk vkns'kksa dh vuns[kh fd iQly vif'k"V tykus ls lacafèkr ljdkj ds funsZ'kksa dks vey esa
dj dksVZ dks Hkzked vk¡dM+s izLrqr djsa vU;Fkk os pquko esa yk;k tk, rkfd blds dkj.k c<+rs iznw"k.k ls rRdky jkgr lqfuf'pr
leFkZu [kks nsxa As dh tk,A

696
'kkfey fgrèkkjd lewg ‹ pw¡fd lacafèkr {ks=k esa Ñ"kd vkanksyuksa dh ,sfrgkfld i`"BHkwfe
fgald jgh gS] vr% fdlh Hkh laHkkfor nq?kZVuk dks è;ku esa
z turk& tks iznw"k.k ls ihfM+r gSA
j[krs gq, vfrfjDr lqj{kk cyksa dks LVSaMck; gsrq cqykukA
z fdlku& tks iQly vif'k"V tyk jgs gSa fdarq iQly vif'k"V
2- nh?kZdkfyd mik;%
tykus ds ekeys esa mUgsa oSdfYid fodYi miyCèk ugha gksus ds
z nh?kkZofèkd mik; gsrq eSa iQly vif'k"V dks vk; esa ifjofrZr
dkj.k ihfM+r Hkh gSaA
djus okys mik;ksa dks viukšxhA
z mPp U;k;ky; & ftlus vfèkdkjksa ds laj{kd ds :i esa iQly
z iQly vif'k"V dk mi;ksx i'kq pkjs ds :i esa djus ds fy;s
vif'k"V ds tykus ij izfrcaèk yxkus ds funsZ'k fn;s gSaA
fdlkuksa dks tkx:d d:¡xhA tks fdlkuksa dks iQly vif'k"V ugha
z ljdkj & tks turk rFkk fdlku nksuksa dks lhèks mipkjkRed mik;
tykus ds fy;s ,d vkfFkZd izksRlkgu nsxkA
iznku djus esa 'kkfey gSA
z eSa jkbl ck;ksikdZ dks LFkkfir djus dk iz;kl d:¡xh] pw¡fd jkbl
z LFkkuh; usrk& tks vius O;fDrxr ykHk ds fy;s eqís dk
ck;ksikdZ iQly vif'k"Vksa dk mi;ksx dj dkx”k] dkMZcksMZ rFkk
jktuhrhdj.k dj jgs gSaA
i'kq vkgkj vkfn dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA vr% fdlku
z f”kyk eftLVªsV& tks ljdkj }kjk fn;s x, vkns'kksa dks iwjk djus
iQly vif'k"Vksa dks vk; ,oa jks”kxkj esa cny ldsaxsA
gsrq mÙkjnk;h gSaA
z fdlkuksa dks iQly vif'k"V izcaèku e'khuksa dk mi;ksx djus ds
mÙkj % (a) dsl LVMh esa 'kkfey eqís%
fy;s izksRlkfgr d:¡xhA
z iQly vif'k"V tykus ls 'kgj esa c<+rs iznw"k.k dh tk¡pA
z iQly vif'k"V dks fu;af=kr djus ds vykok eSa lM+d o feV~Vh
z ljdkj ds iQly vif'k"V tykus ds lacaèk esa yxk, x, izfrcaèk
dh èkwy] fuekZ.k rFkk foèoald xfrfofèk;ksa] ck;ksekl tykuk]
ds vkns'k dk =kqfViw.kZ dk;kZUo;uA
okguksa ls gksus okyk mRltZu] vkS|ksfxd xfrfofèk;k¡ tSls izeq[k
z ,d lkoZtfud vfèkdkjh dks lkoZtfud vkns'kksa dks lgh rjhds
iznw"k.k lzksrksa dks Hkh de ,oa fu;af=kr djus dk iz;kl d:¡xhA
ls iwjk djus esa vkusokyh ckèkkA
z Vsyhfo”ku] ehfM;k] fofM;ksa fjdkWfM±x] jsfM;ks rFkk xzke iapk;rksa
z fdlkuksa dh f'kdk;rksa dk fuokj.k djukA
ds ekè;e ls funsZ'k izlkfjr djokÅ¡xhA rkfd izR;sd fdlku rd
z fdlkuksa dks miyCèk fodYi rFkk iQly vif'k"V tykus ds lans'k igq¡p ldsA
ifj.kkeksa ls voxr djkukA dqy feykdj] ,d f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa esjk ;g drZO; ,oa
z lkoZtfud dkuwu ,oa O;oLFkk dks cuk, j[kukA ftEesnkjh gS fd eSa bl eqís dks laosnu'khyrk vkSj d#.kk ds lkFk
mÙkj % (b) lacafèkr {ks=k ds f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i eas eSa bl eqís mBkÅ¡ D;ksafd blesa u dsoy i;kZoj.k lacaèkh fpark,¡ fufgr gSa oju~
dks gy djus ds fy;s vYidkfyd ,oa nh?kZdkfyd mik;ksa ds :i fdlkuksa ls lacafèkr eqís Hkh 'kkfey gSaA
esa dkjZokbZ ds fuEufyf[kr rjhdksa dks viukÅ¡xh& iz'u% ve`r ns'k ds ,d okf.kfT;d {ks=k esa jktLo vfèkdkjh ds
1- vYidkfyd mik;% :i esa inLFk gSA vius is'ksoj thou esa mldk fjdkWMZ csnkx
z esjk rRdkfyd dne ,d VkLd iQkslZ dk xBu djuk gksxk] tks jgk gSA gkyk¡fd bZekunkjh ds udkc ds ihNs og ,d csbZeku
f”kys esa iQly vif'k"V tykus dh tk¡p djsxh rFkk ljdkjh O;fDr gS tks fd Hkz"Vkpkj ds dbZ ekeyksa esa 'kkfey jgk
vkns'k dk mYya?ku djus okys dks dkuwuh :i ls nafMr fd;k gSA og O;kikfj;ksa ds dj vuqikyu lacaèkh vfu;ferrkvkas
tk,xkA dk irk yxkdj] muds fuiVku gsrq ckn esa mu ij ncko
z ,d nLrkos”k rS;kj djds jkT; esa i;kZoj.k ea=kky; ls lacafèkr cukrk gSA mlds laxBu esa ;g ,d izpfyr rduhd gS vkSj
lfpo ds le{k iQly vif'k"V tykus ls mRiUu [krjukd fLFkfr blesa laxBu ds izeq[k inkuqØfed vfèkdkjh Hkh 'kkfey
dh vksj è;ku vkdf"kZr djukA gSaA ,sls gh ,d dsl ftlesa og lfEefyr Fkk mlesa ihfM+r]
z {ks=k ds LFkkuh; jktuhfrd usrkvksa dks ,d funsZ'k tkjh djuk tks tks fd ,d cM+h jsLrjka Ja`[kyk dk ekfyd Fkk us vkRegR;k
mUgsa mPp U;k;ky; dh lykg ls voxr djk,xkA dj yhA mlus lqlkbM uksV esa vius O;fDrxr dkj.kksa ds
z Ñ"kd leqnk; dks vkeaf=kr dj xzke iapk;rksa ds ekè;e ls mUgsa
lkFk&lkFk dj vfèkdkfj;ksa dks Hkh viuh vkRegR;k ds
ljdkj ds lfClMh dk;ZØeksa ds fo"k; esa voxr djukA lkFk gh fy;s f”kEesnkj Bgjk;k gSA mlds lqlkbM uksV dks i<+us vkSj
mUgsa iQly vif'k"V tykus ls mRiUu nq"izHkkoksa ds ckjs esa Hkh mlds O;fDrxr thou dk ehfM;k esa dojst gksus ls ?kVuk
crk;k tk,xkA dk mDr vfèkdkjh ds mQij xgjk izHkko iM+k gSA vc mlesa

697
 Lo;a ds izfr ?k`.kk Hkko fodflr gks x;k gS vkSj og vius mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa Hkz"Vkpkj dk iz'kklfud Lo:i fo|eku
fiNys ÑR;ksa ds dkj.k volknxzLr gSA vki Hkh mlh foHkkx gS ftlesa mPp vfèkdkjh] jktLo vfèkdkjh] iqfyl vfèkdkjh] DydZ
esa dk;Zjr gSa vkSj mlds mPpLFk rFkk ?kfu"B fe=k Hkh gSaA ,oa pijklh vkfn 'kkfey gSaA mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa fuEufyf[kr uSfrd
,d fnu og vius fiNys ÑR;ksa dks Lohdkj djrs gq, bl eqís fufgr gSa&
fLFkfr ls fuiVus gsrq vkils lgk;rk ds fy;s vuqjksèk z dk;ZLFky ij uSfrd nqfoèkk dh fLFkfr& bl dsl esa esjs fy;s
djrk gSA uSfrd nqfoèkk dh fLFkfr mRiUu gks xbZ gS] tgk¡ ,d rjiQ eq>s
,d mPpLFk vfèkdkjh vkSj ?kfu"B fe=k gksus ds ukrs bl vius fe=k dh lgk;rk djuh gS tks fd Hkz"Vkpkj esa fyIr gS ogha
ekeys esa vki ve`r dks D;k lykg nsaxs\ nwljh rjiQ ,d ofj"B vfèkdkjh ds :i esa bl vuSfrd ,oa
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) xSj&dkuwuh ÑR; ds fy;s dM+s dne mBkus dh vko';drk Hkh gSA
Amrit is posted as a revenue officer in one of the z O;fDrxr ewY;ksa ,oa is'ksoj O;ogkjksa esa fojksèkkHkkl& lkekU;r%
commercial hubs of the country. In his professional gekjs O;fDrxr ,oa is'ksoj O;ogkjksa esa O;kid varjky fo|eku
career he has had an unblemished record. However,
gksrk gS tks fd gekjh izo`fÙk dh }Sèkrk dks izfrfcafcr djrk gSA
behind this veil of honesty, he is an unscrupulous man
who has been involved in various cases of corruption. z dÙkZO;foeq[krk% vfèkdkfj;ksa dh Hkz"Vkpkj esa fujarj lafyIrrk
His modus operandi involves planting cases against mudh dÙkZO;foeq[krk dh fLFkfr dk |ksrd gSA
business professionals by finding irregularities in their z iz'kklfud Hkz"Vkpkj% ;g ljdkjh ra=k dh foiQyrk dk ladsr
tax statements and later harassing them for settling the
case. In his organisation it is a prevalent technique and
gS rFkk lkFk gh ;g dkuwu O;oLFkk dh foiQyrk dks Hkh bafxr
officers irrespective of the organisational hierarchy are djrk gSA
involved in this. In one of such case, where he was z ekuokfèkdkjksa dk mYya?ku% lkoZtfud vfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk vius
involved, the victim, who owned a big restaurant chain,
dk;Z dh uSfrdrk dk mYya?ku dj Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ds
committed suicide. In his suicide letter apart from the
personal reasons, he has also blamed the tax officials for vuqPNsn&21 ds rgr mfYyf[kr xfjekiw.kZ thou thus ,oa 'kks"k.k
abetting him to do so. Reading his suicide letter and ls eqfDr ds vfèkdkj dk mYya?ku fd;k tkrk gSA
coverage in the media about his personal life has z ehfM;k dh Hkwfedk% bl dsl dk ehfM;k dojst blesa 'kkfey
imapcted the revenue officer deeply. Now he has
vfèkdkfj;ksa dh udkjkRed Nfo fn[kkdj turk esa ehfM;k Vªk;y
developed a kind of revulsion for himself and is
depressed over his past acts. You are posted in the same dks c<+kok ns ldrk gS ftlls izfrf"Br ljdkjh laLFkkvksa dh
department as his immediate senior and also happens Nfo èkwfey gks ldrh gSA
to be his close friend. One day he approaches you eSa vius fe=k o vèkhuLFk vfèkdkjh dks fuEufyf[kr lq>ko
confessing his past deeds and also requests you to help
nwaxk@nawxh&
him in overcoming this situation.
What would you suggest Amrit in this case given that z lcls igys ,d fe=k ds :i esa vius fe=k ls ckr d:axk vkSj
you happen to be his immediate senior as well as his mldh ckr dks lqudj mls 'kkar d:¡xk rkfd og tYnck”kh esa
close friend? ,slk dksbZ dne u mBk, ftlls mldk ifjokj izHkkfor gksA
mÙkj% izeq[k fgrèkkjd% rRi'pkr~ mls bl fLFkfr ls fudyus gsrq lq>ko nwaxkA
z jktLo vfèkdkjh ve`rA z mls izkjafHkd foHkkxh; tk¡p ds fy;s rS;kj jgus ds fy;s dgwaxk
z ve`r ds ofj"B vfèkdkjh ds :i esa eSa Lo;aA rFkk mlds ifj.kkekuqlkj gksus okyh dkjZokbZ dk lkeuk djus dk
z jktLo foHkkxA lq>ko nwaxkA
z og O;kikjh ftlus vkRegR;k dj yhA z ;fn izkjafHkd tk¡p esa og O;olk;h dh vkRegR;k esa xgurk ls
z lokZfèkd egÙoiw.kZ ^turk*A tqM+k gqvk ik;k tkrk gS rks mls dkuwulaxr vkijkfèkd dkjZokbZ
VªkaliSjsalh baVjus'kuy ds vuqlkj Hkz"Vkpkj dks ^futh ykHk ds fy;s dk lkeuk djus gsrq rS;kj jgus dk lq>ko nwaxkA
lÙkk ds nq#i;ksx* ds :i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k x;k gSA la;qDr jk"Vª la?k z mls ;g lykg nwaxk fd og laxBu esa yacs le; ls O;kIr Hkz"Vkpkjksa
ds vuqlkj Hkz"Vkpkj fofHkUu :iksa ,oa fMfØ;ks esa gksrk gS vFkkZr~ mi;ksx dks mtkxj dj viuh Hkkxhnkjh Lohdkj dj ys ftlls mls de
ds izHkko ds vuqlkj Hkz"Vkpkj dk laLFkkxr Lo:i u dsoy foÙkh; dBksj l”kk gks ldrh gSA
cfYd xSj&foÙkh; ykHk Hkh gks ldrk gSA Hkz"Vkpkj rhu :iksa] ;|fi viuh xyrh dh LohdkjksfDr ,oa mlds ifj.kkeksa dks
;Fkk&jktuhfrd] iz'kklfud o O;kolkf;d ds :i esa gks ldrk gSA Hkqxrus gsrq rS;kj jguk vR;fèkd lkgl dk dk;Z gS fiQj Hkh eSa vius

698
fe=k ve`r dks lykg nwaxk fd og foHkkxh; tk¡p izfØ;k ls xq”kjs vkSj and work beyond their normal working hours so that
mlds ifj.kkeksa ds fy;s rS;kj jgs] ;gh uSfrd vkSj dkuwuh :i ls people can be served in the best possible way. This
outbreak of the disease has garnered the attention of
mfpr gSA oLrqr% vius djhch fe=k dks ,slh lykg nsuk igyh ckj
national media who reached to cover this issue.
esa dBksj yx ldrk gSA mldk ifjokj Hkh bl ?kVuk ls izHkkfor gks However, they seem to be extremely biased in their
ldrk gS fdarq nh?kZdky esa ;g dne mlds ifjokj] laxBu ,oa lekt coverage, portraying only the deficiencies of the
esa ,d ldkjkRed lans'k nsxkA vU; Hkz"V vfèkdkjh Hkh bl ekxZ dk hospital. They have even questioned the dedication of
p;u dj ldrs gSa vkSj viuk thou xfjek ds lkFk th ldrs gSaA the medical staff. With their unending questions and
demand for accountability for rising death cases, they
iz'u% fcgkj ds ,d f”kys esa fuèkZu ifjokjksa ds cPpksa esa vpkud
are interfering in the work of doctors.
,D;wV balis QykbfVl dk izdksi gqvk gSA bl f”kys ds ljdkjh
Despite their utmost dedication towards public service,
vLirky esa ntZuksa cPpksa dks HkrhZ djk;k x;k gS fdarq blesa a negative image of your medical staff is being projected
lalkèkuksa dh vR;fèkd deh gSA vki bl f”kyk vLirky at the national level. Consequently, this is hurting their
ds eq[; fpfdRlk vfèkdkjh gSa] ladV dh bl fodV morale and some of them have approached you to do
something in this regard.
ifjfLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, vkius lHkh miyCèk lalkèkuksa dks
(a) What will you do to prevent misreporting by the
tqVk;k rFkk lHkh deZpkfj;ksa ls vuqjksèk fd;k fd os viuh
media and for keeping the morale of your team
NqfV~V;k¡ jí dj nsa rFkk vius lkekU; dk;Z ds ?kaVksa ls high?
vfèkd dk;Z djsa rkfd yksxksa dks loksZÙke lsok,¡ nh tk (b) What social responsibility does media have in this
ldasA bl chekjh ds izdksi us jk"Vªh; ehfM;k dk è;ku context as the fourth pillar of democracy?
vkdf"kZr fd;k gS tks bl eqís dks doj djus ds fy;s igq¡p mÙkj%
x;k gSA gkyk¡fd mudk dojsTk i{kikrh izrhr gks jgk gS] z fgrèkkjd%
os dsoy vLirky dh dfe;ksa dks gh n'kkZ jgs gSaA ;gk¡ rd
‹ ,D;wV bUlsiQsykbfVl flaMªkse ls ihfM+r cPps% bl jksx ls
fd mUgksaus fpfdRlk LVkiQ ds leiZ.k dh Hkkouk ij Hkh
ihfM+r vfèkdka'k cPps fuèkZu ifjokjksa ls gSaA
iz'ufpÉ yxk, gSaA os vius vuar loky ds lkFk c<+rh gqbZ
ekSrksa ds ekeyksa dh tokcnsgh dh ekax djrs gq, MkWDVjksa ‹ eq[; fpfdRlk vfèkdkjh
ds dk;ksZa esa Hkh gLr{ksi dj jgs gSaA ‹ ljdkjh f”kyk vLirky% vLirky lalkèkufoghurk dh fLFkfr
tu lsok ds izfr vius iw.kZ leiZ.k ds ckotwn vkids esa gS rFkk ladV dh bl fo"ke ?kM+h esa deZpkfj;ksa ij vR;fèkd
fpfdRlk LVkiQ dh ,d udkjkRed Nfo dks jk"Vªh; Lrj ncko gSA
ij is'k fd;k tk jgk gSA urhtru blls muds eukscy esa ‹ jk"Vªh; ehfM;k% bl dsl esa ;g yksxksa ds fgr esa viuh
deh vkbZ gS rFkk muesa ls dbZ yksxksa us vkidks bl lanHkZ Hkwfedk ugha fuHkk jgk gSA
esa dqN dne mBkus gsrq laidZ fd;k gSA ‹ vke turk
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) ,D;wV bUlsiQsykbfVl flaMªkse (,-bZ-,l-) ,d fo"kk.kqtfur laoQz e.k
(a) ehfM;k }kjk xyr lwpukvksa ds izlkj dks jksdus rFkk gS ftls LFkkuh; Lrj ij pedh cq[kkj ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA ,-bZ-
viuh Vhe ds eukscy dks Å¡pk cuk, j[kus ds fy;s ,l- dk izdksi mÙkjh ,oa iwohZ Hkkjr ds cPpksa }kjk [kkyh isV dPph
vki D;k djsaxs\ yhph [kkus ls gqvkA bl chekjh dk izdksi igys ls gh fpfdRlk
(b) bl lanHkZ esa yksdra=k ds pkSFks LraHk ds :i esa ehfM;k lalkèkuksa dh deh ls tw> jgs f”kyksa esa dbZ lkekftd] vkfFkZd rFkk
dh lkekftd f”kEesnkjh D;k gS\ jktuhfrd tfVyrkvksa dk dkj.k curk gSA
In one of the districts of Bihar, there has been a sudden
outburst of Acute Encephalitis among children of poor
mÙkj % (a) bl ifjn`'; esa fLFkfr ij fu;a=k.k ikus ds fy;s vLirky
families. The government hospital in the district is ds lh-,e-vks- ds :i esa eSa fuEufyf[kr dne mBkmQ¡xk&
admitting dozens of children but is resource-constrained. z Vhe ds usr`RodrkZ ds :i esa eSa ,slh dfBu ifjfLFkfr esa vius
You are the chief medical officer of this district hospital.
Considering the unprecedented nature of the crisis, you
deZpkfj;ksa dh yksd lsok ds izfr leiZ.k ,oa muds }kjk fd,
have mobilized all the available resources. You have x, iz;klksa dh ljkguk d:¡xk rFkk muls ehfM;k }kjk fd;s tk
requested all the staff members to cancel their leaves jgs nq"izpkj ls grksRlkfgr u gksus dh vihy d#¡xkA
699
 z blds vfrfjDr eaS vius deZpkfj;ksa dks mPp HkkoukRed cqf¼eÙkk iz'u% dkuiqj f”kys ds ,d xk¡o esa mPp tkfr ds yksx fuEu
dk iz;ksx djus dks dgw¡xk rFkk ehfM;kdfeZ;ksa ds lkFk ckrphr tkfr ds nwYgkas dks ?kksM+s ij cSBdj xk¡o eas cjkr ykus dh
djus esa mUgsa cqf¼ ds lkFk&lkFk fouez O;ogkj djus ds fy;s vuqefr ugha nsrs gSaA blds izfrfØ;kLo:i ,d nwYgs us
dgw¡xkA vius ewy vfèkdkjksa ds mYya?ku ds lanHkZ esa loksZPp
z eSa ehfM;kdfeZ;ksa ds lkFk ,d cSBd dk vk;kstu d:¡xk rFkk U;k;ky; dk njoktk [kV[kVk;kA loksZPp U;k;ky; us
mUgsa vLirky }kjk ”kehuh Lrj ij fd;s x, dk;ks± ls voxr f”kyk iz'kklu dks funsZ'k fn;k gS fd og nwYgs dh lqj{kk
djokmQ¡xk ftlls muds O;ogkj esa ifjorZu vk ldrk gSA lqfuf'pr djs vkSj bl lekjksg esa fo?u Mkyus okyksa ds
z ;fn ehfM;kdehZ vLirky }kjk fn;s tk jgs mipkj dk fujh{k.k
f[kykiQ vko';d dkjZ o kbZ djs A xfjek dkuiq j ds
f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa rSukr gSa rFkk og O;fDrxr :i
djuk pkgrs gaS rks eSa bUgsa ,slk djus ds fy;s dgw¡xkA rkfd os
ls tkfrO;oLFkk ds fo#¼ dBksj fopkj j[krh gaSA loksZPp
fpfdRlk deZpkfj;ksa }kjk fd;s x, iz;klksa dks tku ldsaA
U;k;ky; ds funsZ'k dks iwjh rjg ykxw djus ds fy;s 'kknh
z ;fn ehfM;k dks bl ekeys dk lgh izlkj.k djus gsrq eukus ds
okys fnu og iqfyl iQkslZ ds lkFk xk¡o igq¡prh gSA xk¡o
lHkh midj.k vliQy gks tkrs gSa rks esjs }kjk ehfM;kdfeZ;ksa ds esa mPp tkfr ds yksxksa us Hkh fookg lekjksg es fo?u
f[kykiQ dkuwuh dkjZokbZ Hkh dh tk ldrh gSA Mkyus gsrq vkil esa ykecanh dj yh gSA bl rukoiw.kZ
z var esa fdlh rhljs i{k] tSls& ,u-th-vks- vFkok lkekftd laxBu fLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, xzkeizèkku] tks fd Lo;a mPp tkfr
dks Hkh vLirky }kjk mBk, tk jgs dneksa ds fujh{k.k dh vuqefr ls lacafèkr gS] us cjkr dks fdlh vU; ekxZ ls ys tkus
nh tk ldrh gS rkfd turk dk vLirky ij fo'okl cuk dk lq>ko fn;k gSA mlus vk'oklu fn;k gS fd ,slk djus
jg ldsA ls vuko';d fgalk ls cpk tk ldrk gS rFkk ,d 'kkafriw.kZ
;fn mijksDr dne mBk, tkrs gSa] rks nq"izpkj dh bl fLFkfr ij fookg lekjksg dk vk;kstu fd;k tk ldrk gSA
dkiQh gn rd fu;a=k.k yxk;k tk ldrk gS rFkk fpfdRlk LVkWiQ ds nksuksa gh ifjn`';ksa esa laHkkfor ifj.kke D;k gks ldrs gSa\
eukscy dks de fd;s fcuk gh ,-bZ-,l- dh leL;k ls futkr ik;k  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
tk ldrk gSA (a) ;fn og xzke izèkku ds izLrko ls lger gks tkrh gSA
mÙkj % (b) mi;qZDr dsl esa ^fpfdRlk vkikr* dh vR;fèkd (b) ;fn og loksZPp U;k;ky; ds vkns'k dk fu"BkiwoZd
laosnu'khy fLFkfr fo|eku gS tgk¡ lHkh fgrèkkjdksa dks d#.kk o fØ;kUo;u djrh gSA
lekuqHkwfr dk vuqHko djuk pkfg;s ogk¡ ehfM;k dh Hkwfedk ij iz'ufpÉ In a village of Kanpur district, upper caste people do
yxs gSaA gekjs lafoèkku dk vuqPNsn 19(1)(a) lHkh dks Hkk"k.k ,oa not allow lower caste bridegrooms to take their marriage
procession through the village seated on a horse. In
vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk dh xkjaVh nsrk gSA ehfM;k vius bl vfèkdkj response to this one bridegroom approached the
dk iz;ksx dj fdlh Hkh ?kVuk dk dojst dj turk dh jk; dks vius Supreme Court for violation of his fundamental rights.
fglkc ls cuk ldrk gSA The Supreme Court directed the district administration
should ensure the security of the bridegroom and take
ehfM;k yksdrkaf=kd iz.kkyh dh dfe;ksa dks mtkxj djds ljdkj
needful action against those who try to obstruct the
dh lgk;rk dj ldrk gSA lgh ek;us esa ,d Lora=k ehfM;k ra=k ds procession. Garima is posted as the District Magistrate
fcuk yksdrkaf=kd iz.kkyh fcuk ifg;ksa dh xkM+h ds leku gS blhfy;s of Kanpur and she personally harbours strong views
ehfM;k dks yksdra=k ds pkSFks LraHk dk ntkZ fn;k x;k gSA against the caste system. In order to fully implement the
SC’s order, she arrives at the village with the police force
ehfM;k dk dke fjiksfV±x dh uSfrdrk dk ikyu djrs gq, fu"i{k on the day of the marriage. Upper caste people in the
lekpkjksa dk izlkj.k djuk gSA tcfd mi;qZDr dsl esa blds }kjk xyr village have also mobilized themselves and are adamant
rF;ksa dk iz;ksx dj udkjkRed Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ xbZ gSA ,d tokcnsg about disrupting the marriage procession. In such a
ehfM;k lekt ds fodkl esa lg;ksx dj ldrk gS tcfd ,d i{kikrh tense situation, village pradhan, who belongs to the
upper caste, has suggested rerouting of the procession.
ehfM;k lekt esa vO;oLFkk mRiUu dj ldrk gSA He assures that doing this will avoid unnecessary
blfy;s ehfM;k dks Vh-vkj-ih- ds fy;s luluh[kst [kcjksa ds violence and would lead to a peaceful marriage
izlkj.k ls cpuk pkfg;s rFkk chekjh ij vadq'k yxkus ds fy;s ceremony.
f”kEesnkjhiwoZd ljdkj dk leFkZu djuk pkfg;sA bls ljdkj ,oa turk What are the possible consequences in both the
scenarios?
ds chp izHkkoh lapkj ra=k ds :i esa dk;Z djuk pkfg;sA vr% ,d (a) If she agrees to the Village Pradhan's proposal.
lfozQ; ,oa rVLFk ehfM;k dk gksuk vko';d gS tks fd uSfrd fl¼karksa (b) If she conscientiously implements the Supreme
dk ikyu djrs gq, vius lkekftd nkf;Roksa dks Hkh iwjk djrk gSA Court Order.

700
 mÙkj % (a) z dkuwu ds j{kd ds :i esa vkSj lekt ds de”kksj oxks± ds vfèkdkjksa
dsl LVMh esa 'kkfey fgrèkkjd dh j{kk ds lanHkZ esa f”kykfèkdkjh dks lHkh oxks± dh nh?kZdkfyd
HkykbZ gsrq dkuwu dk ikyu djuk pkfg;sA
z fuEu ,oa mPp tkfr ls lacafèkr nks lewg
z mUgsa loksZPp U;k;ky; ds vkns'k dk ikyu djuk pkfg;sA bl
z f”kyk vfèkdkjh
lanHkZ esa jkWYl ds fl¼kar dk gokyk fn;k tk ldrk gS] ftlesa
z foLr`r ifjn`'; esa lkekU; turk
mUgksaus dgk gS fd pkgs ifjfLFkfr;k¡ dSlh Hkh gksa] U;k; dh ges'kk
Hkkjr esa tkfr O;oLFkk us gekjh laiw.kZ lkekftd laajpuk dks
thr gksuh pkfg;sA
tdM+ j[kk gSA n'kdksa ls fofHkUu dkuwuh vkSj laoSèkkfud mik;ksa }kjk
z loksZPp U;k;ky; ds vkns'k dk ikyu djus ds fy;s f”kykfèkdkjh
blds mUewyu ds iz;kl fd;s tk jgs gSaA tkfr O;oLFkk ds uke ij
gksus okyk HksnHkko Hkkjrh; lekt dks cqjh rjg ls izHkkfor djrk gSA dks HkkoukRed cqf¼eÙkk dk mi;ksx djds mPp tkfr ds izfrfufèk;ksa
ls ckrphr dj lkekftd vuqu; }kjk mudh HksnHkkoiw.kZ lksp esa
mi;qZDr dsl LVMh ,d gh {ks=k esa fuokl djus okys nks lewgksa
ifjorZu ykus dk iz;kl djuk pkfg;sA
ds eè; tkfrxr mRihM+u vkSj HksnHkko ls lacafèkr gSA ;g ekeyk Hkkjr
z mUgsa fdlh Hkh izdkj dh vfiz; fLFkfr dks jksdus ds fy;s okLrfod
esa tkfrizFkk ds udkjkRed lkekftd ifj.kkeksa dh vksj Hkh ladsr dj
jgk gSA bl leL;k ds lekèkku ds fy;s uSfrd ekxZn'kZu gsrq f”kykfèkdkjh fLFkfr ds ckjs esa vius mPpkfèkdkfj;ksa dks lwfpr djuk pkfg;s
dks vius var%dj.k dh vkok”k lquuh pkfg;sA vkSj muls lykg ysuh pkfg;sA lkFk gh] {ks=k esa lqj{kk O;oLFkk
cuk, j[kus ds fy;s iqfyl cy dks lrdZ jgus dk vkns'k nsuk
laHkkfor ifj.kke
pkfg;sA
z ;fn og xzke izèkku ds izLrko ls lger gksrh gS& gekjk lafoèkku ns'k ds izR;sd ukxfjd dks ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa }kjk
‹ bl le>kSrs ls fuEu tkfr ds yksxksa esa lkekftd vkØks'k
tkfr] iaFk] fyax ;k lkekftd vkèkkj ij gksus okys HksnHkko ds fo#¼
mRiUu gks ldrk gS] D;ksafd os vius dks vyx&Fkyx eglwl lqj{kk dh xkjaVh nsrk gSA vkèkqfud Hkkjr ds fuekZrkvksa us mRihM+u vkSj
djsaxsA ;g fu.kZ; ,d fo'ks"k leqnk; ds izfr iwokZxzgh ,tsaMs 'kks"k.k ls eqDr lekt dh dYiuk dh Fkh] tgk¡ lHkh ds fy;s lkekftd]
dks Hkh izpkfjr djsxkA vkfFkZd vkSj jktuhfrd lekurk lqfuf'pr dh tk,xhA ;fn gekjk
‹ ;g fu.kZ; dkuwuh n`f"Vdks.k ls Hkh lgh ugha gS] D;ksafd blls lekt blh izdkj HksnHkko vkSj inlksikfud foHkktu ls tw>rk jgsxk
loksZPp U;k;ky; ds vkns'kksa dk mYya?ku gksrk gSA rks ge u vius laoSèkkfud ewY;ksa vkSj mís';ksa dks iwjk dj ik,axs vkSj
‹ ;g lafoèkku esa mfYyf[kr lekurk vkSj leku O;ogkj ds u gh izxfr'khy Hkkjr ds fuekZ.k ds vius iwoZtksa ds lius dks iwjk dj
ekSfyd vfèkdkj ds Hkh fo#¼ gSA ik,axsA
‹ f”kykfèkdkjh Lo;a HksnHkkoiw.kZ tkfrO;oLFkk ds fo#¼ gSa] vr% iz'u% vki ,d flfoy lsok izfr;ksxh gSa vkSj vkius bl ijh{kk
;g fu.kZ; muds Lo;a ds mPp uSfrd ewY;ksa ds foijhr gksxkA ds izFke nks pj.k mÙkh.kZ dj fy;s gSa vkSj gky gh esa
blds lkFk gh ;fn ;g fu.kZ; fy;k tkrk gS rks ;g mPp tkfr vkidks lk{kkRdkj gsrq dkWy ysVj feyk gSA vkius bl volj
ds yksxksa dks Hkfo"; esa Hkh bl izFkk dks tkjh j[kus ds fy;s ij ijekRek ds izfr viuk vkHkkj trkus gsrq vius fuokl
izksRlkfgr djsxk vkSj viuh thr dk ,glkl fnyk,xkA ds ikl ds ifo=k rhFkZLFky ij tkus dk iQSlyk fd;kA
z ;fn og loksZPp U;k;ky; ds vkns'k dks bZekunkjh ls fozQ;kfUor rhFkZLFky esa izos'k djrs gh vki ,d Hkwr Hkxkus dh fØ;k
djus dk fu.kZ; ysrh gS& dks ns[krs gSaA tgk¡ ,d ncax èkkfeZd O;fDr nks efgykvksa
‹ mPp tkfr ds yksxksa }kjk fgalk gksus ij {ks=k esa dkuwu&O;oLFkk ij fpYykrs gq, yxkrkj FkIiM+ ekj jgk gS rFkk mlds ikl
dh fLFkfr [kjkc gks ldrh gSA gh mudk ifjokj ewd&n'kZd cudj [kM+k gSA vki bl ckr
‹ bl fu.kZ; ls mRiUu gksus okyh lkekftd vlgefr ls nksuksa ls vk'oLr gSa fd efgyk,¡ euksoSKkfud :i ls ihfM+r gSa
leqnk;ksa esa ruko c<+ ldrk gSA fdarq buds ifjokj ds lnL;ksa }kjk mudh bl fLFkfr dks
‹ fgalk ds dkj.k lkoZtfud laifÙk dks uqdlku igq¡p ldrk gSA muds 'kjhj esa cqjh vkRek dh mifLFkfr ds y{k.k ds :i
‹ bl fu.kZ; ls f”kykfèkdkjh dks O;fDrxr :i ls larqf"V fey esa is'k fd;k tk jgk gSA vki bu efgykvksa dh nqnZ'kk ls
ldrh gS] D;ksafd os Lo;a tkfrizFkk dh fojksèkh gSaA xgjkbZ ls izHkkfor gSa rFkk muds izfr lekuqHkwfr j[krs gSaA
mÙkj % (b) mi;qZDr ekeys esa f”kykfèkdkjh dks leL;k dh xaHkhjrk vkids ikl bl fLFkfr esa dkSu&dkSu ls fodYi miyCèk gSa
vkSj laosnu'khyrk dks ns[krs gq, ,d eè;e ekxZ pquuk gksxkA rFkk vki bl fLFkfr esa dSls izfrfØ;k nsaxs\
mi;qZDr leL;k ds lekèkku gsrq fuEufyf[kr dkjZokbZ dh tkuh Hkwr Hkxkus dh izFkk esa dkSu&dkSu ls uSfrd eqís 'kkfey gSa\
pkfg;s&  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)

701
 You are a Civil Services aspirant who has cleared the z nwljk fodYi Hkh csgrj izrhr gks jgk gS] fdarq bl fodYi esa ;g
first two stages of the exam and has recently received
laHkkouk cuh jgsxh fd rhFkZLFky ds inkfèkdkfj;ksa ls f'kdk;r
the interview call letter. On this momentous occasion,
you decided to visit a holy shrine near your residence, djus ds ckotwn efgykvksa dh leL;k vulqy>h gh jg tk,xhA
in order to offer your gratitude to the divine. At the z igys fodYi dh viuh uSfrd lhek,¡ gSa] bldk p;u djuk ,d
entrance of the shrine, you encounter a disturbing
ukxfjd ds :i esa esjk vius lkoZtfud dÙkZO; dk R;kx
spectacle of exorcism. Two women are being continuously
slapped, cursed and shouted upon by a domineering djuk gksxkA
religious man, and their families are standing nearby gekjk lekt dbZ izdkj dh vizpfyr ,oa 'kks"k.kdkjh izFkkvksa ls
as silent spectators. You are convinced that these women
ihfM+r gS D;ksafd ;gk¡ vfèkdka'k f'kf{kr vkSj f”kEesnkj ukxfjd cl
are suffering from psychological issues but its symptoms
are being construed as the presence of evil spirit by the ewdn'kZd cudj jg tkrs gSaA egkHkkjr esa ,d ukxfjd ds dÙkZO;ksa dks
family members. You are deeply moved by the women’s crkrs gq, rdZ fn;k x;k gS fd tc dksbZ vijkèk gksrk gS rks mldk
plight and you empathize with them. What choices do fliZQ vkèkk nks"k vijkèkh dk gksrk gS tcfd ,d&pkSFkkbZ lg&lkft'kdÙkkZ
you have and how will you respond in this situation?
What are the ethical issues involved in the practice of
dk rFkk cpk gqvk ,d&pkSFkkbZ nks"k mu yksxksa dk gksrk gS tks pqipki
exorcism? [kM+s gksdj bls ns[krs gaSA blfy;s eq>s viuh varjkRek dh vkok”k dks
mÙkj% lkekU;r;k Hkkjrh; lekt esa ekufld LokLF; ,oa lqudj ldkjkRed :i ls bl ekeys esa gLr{ksi djuk pkfg;sA eSa
euksoSKkfud eqís :f<+tU; gSaA ;gk¡ ,slh leL;kvksa ls ihfM+r O;fDr;ksa ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dks ;g le>kus dh dksf'k'k d:¡xk fd bl izdkj
ds lkFk lkekftd HksnHkko fd;k tkrk gSA ;g u fliZQ ,d flfoy ds vR;kpkj ls efgykvksa dh fLFkfr vkSj cnrj gks tk,xh rFkk mUgsa
lsok izfr;ksxh ds :i esa cfYd ,d f'kf{kr ukxfjd ds :i esa ,slh ;g Hkh le>kmQ¡xk fd ekufld leL;k,¡ dkmalfyax ds }kjk Bhd gks
HksnHkkoiw.kZ ,oa vekuoh; izFkk dks jksduk rFkk blds f[kykiQ vkok”k tkrh gSaA mUgsa Hkwr Hkxkus gsrq VksVds djus dh ctk; ,d vPNs
mBkuk esjk dÙkZO; gSA euksfpfdRld ls laioZQ djuk pkfg;sA ;fn mUgsa foÙk lacaèkh leL;kvksa
tSlk fd Lokeh foosdkuan us dgk Fkk] ¶tc rd yk[kksa yksx ls tw>uk iM+ jgk gS rks eSa ljdkjh rFkk xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa dh
Hkw[k vkSj vKku esa jgssaxs rc rd eSa gj ml vkneh dks xíkj ekuw¡xk] lgk;rk ls mudh enn d:¡xkA lkFk gh] eSa ,sls xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa
ftlus xjhcksa dh dher ij f'k{kk rks gkfly dh ysfdu mudh fpark ls laioZQ d:¡xk tks fd rhFkZLFkyksa ij gksus okyh ,slh izFkkvksa dks
fcYoqQy ugha dhA¸ jksdus gsrq dk;Z djrs gSaA
mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa efgyk,¡ Li"V :i ls vius ifjokj ds
Hkwr Hkxkus dh izFkk esa 'kkfey uSfrd eqís%
xyr fo'oklksa dh cfy p<+ jgh gSaA bl ekeys esa esjs ikl miyCèk
fodYi fuEuor~ gSa& z O;fDr dh xfjek o ekuokfèkdkjksa dk mYya?ku% bu efgykvksa
z eSa efgykvksa dh bl nqnZ'kk dks u”kjvank”k dj rhFkZLFky ij ekFkk ds lkFk vHknz O;ogkj fd;k tk jgk gS tks fd budh xfjek o
Vsddj vkxs c<+ ldrk gw¡A vkxkeh fnuksa esjs ikl ,d cM+k volj LokfHkeku dks Bsl igq¡pkuk gSA
gS vkSj eq>s vius ns'k esa O;kid :i ls izpfyr bu vaèkfo'oklksa z èkkfeZd fo'oklksa dk nqjQi;ksx% ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dks eafnj ds
ij viuk le; O;FkZ ugha djuk pkfg;sA nsoRo ij fo'okl gS fdarq bldk nqjQi;ksx ekufld leL;kvksa ds
z cqjh vkRek dks 'kjhj ls ckgj djus ds uke ij efgykvksa ls ekjihV bykt gsrq fd;k tk jgk gSA
djus okys O;fDr dk lkeuk dj bl ekeys dh fjiksVZ rhFkZLFky z tu mnkluhrk dh fLFkfr% J¼kyq ,sls ekeyksa ds izfr mnklhu
izkfèkdj.k dks nsuh pkfg;sA joS;k viukrs gSaA
z ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dks le>kus dh dksf'k'k dj mUgsa fpfdRlk
z jkT; dh Hkwfedk% bl izdkj dh izFkkvksa dh fujarjrk
fo'ks"kK dh lgk;rk ysus dk lq>ko nsuk pkfg;sA ;fn muds ikl
tu&tkx:drk iSQykus rFkk ekufld LokLF; dks loZlqyHk cukus
foÙkh; lalkèkuksa dh deh gS rks fdlh ljdkjh ;k futh fudk;
ds eqís ij jkT; dh foiQyrk dks n'kkZrh gSA
ls ekufld leL;k ds fuokj.k ds fy;s lgk;rk ysus dk lq>ko
nsuk pkfg;sA z laoSèkkfud uSfrdrk% gekjs lafoèkku ds ekSfyd dÙkZO;ksa esa ls
z esjs ikl miyCèk mi;qZDr rhu fodYiksa esa ls rhljk fodYi ,d
,d ds vuqlkj] ¶O;fDr dks oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k] ekuorkokn rFkk
f'kf{kr O;fDr ,oa flfoy lsok izfr;ksxh ds fy;s lokZfèkd mi;qDr tk¡p o lqèkkj dh Hkkouk fodflr djuh pkfg;s¸ dk mYya?ku
gS] ftldk dÙkZO; ,sls yksxksa dh lgk;rk djuk gS tks fd bu gSA tks fd laoSèkkfud uSfrdrk ij vaèkfo'oklksa dks ojh;rk nsus
rdZfoghu fo'oklksa dk f'kdkj curs gSaA dh fLFkfr dks n'kkZrk gSA

702
 fo'o LokLF; laxBu (MCY;w-,p-vks-) dh ,d fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj personnel feels betrayed and they themselves have
Hkkjr dh yxHkx 7.5 izfr'kr tula[;k fdlh&u&fdlh :i esa ekufld staged a counter-protest demanding strict action against
recalcitrant lawyers. The protest by police is severely
fodkjksa dk lkeuk dj jgh gSA fdarq tkx:drk dh deh] LokLF; affecting the law and order situation and public concern
lqfoèkkvksa dk vHkko vkSj euksfpfdRldksa dh de miyCèkrk ds dkj.k is rising. You have apprehensions that with low morale,
yksx ,sls vaèkfo'oklksa dk lgkjk ysrs gSaA orZeku esa ,slh lkekftd police personnel will not be able to provide security with
oqQjhfr;ksa dks lekIr djus dh fn'kk esa dk;Z djuk le; dh ,d full enthusiasm during the sports event.
egÙoiw.kZ ekax gSA What would be your course of action in such a scenario?

iz'u% vkidks ,d egkuxj ds iqfyl dfe'uj ds :i esa fu;qDr mÙkj% mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa dbZ eqís 'kkfey gSa ftuds lekèkku
fd;k x;k gSA ;g 'kgj ,d varjkZ"Vªh; [ksy lekjksg dh ds fy;s cgqvk;keh n`f"Vdks.k viukus dh vko';drk gS rkfd iqfyl
es”kckuh dj jgk gSA ,sls esa vkus okys fnuksa esa g”kkjksa yksxksa o odhyksa dks gM+rky lekIr djus ds fy;s euk;k tk lds rFkk [ksyksa
ds 'kgj eas vkus dk vuqeku gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vkidh dk liQy vk;kstu fd;k tk ldsA
izkFkfedrk bl egÙoiw.kZ vk;kstu dh 'kkafriw.kZ lekfIr dsl LVMh esa lfEefyr izeq[k eqís
rd dkuwu ,oa O;oLFkk dks cuk, j[kuk gSA nqHkkZX;o'k 'kgj z odhyksa }kjk fd;k tk jgk fojksèk izn'kZu U;k;ky; ds dkedktksa
dh iqfyl ,oa odhyksa ds chp fgald >M+isa gks tkrh gSa dks ckfèkr dj ldrk gSA
tks iqfyl ds }kjk ,d fookn ds nkSjku odhy dks ihVus z odhyksa }kjk iqfylcyksa dks yf{kr fd;k tk jgk gS tks fd
ds ckn vkSj HkM+d xbZA izfrfØ;kLo:i odhyksa us iqfyldfeZ;ksa dks muds dÙkZO;ksa ds fuoZgu ls jksd jgk gSA
fojksèk&izn'kZu dk vkàku fd;k gS rFkk os vnkyr dh z iqfyldfeZ;ksa dk vius foHkkx rFkk ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ls eksgHkax gksukA
lqj{kk esa rSukr iqfyldfeZ;ksa dks fu'kkuk cuk jgs gSaA 'kq#vkr z nksuksa i{kksa ds chp la?k"kZ lkoZtfud fpark dk fo"k; gSA
eas vkids vèkhu dk;Zjr iqfyl foHkkx fojksèk dh rhozrk z bu >M+iksa ds mQij O;fDrxr fpark [ksyksa ds vk;kstu dks izHkkfor
dks ns[kdj odhyksa ds f[kykiQ Rofjr dkjZokbZ ls cprk dj ldrh gSA
jgk fdarq vc iqfyldehZ fo'okl?kkr dh vuqHkwfr dj jgs
iqfyl o odhy gekjh dkuwu O;oLFkk rFkk vkijkfèkd U;k;
gSa rFkk vc os Lo;a Hkh izfrgM+rky dj gBh odhyksa ds
iz.kkyh dk vfHkUu vax gSaA buds chp vkilh Vdjko ,oa izfr}af}rk]
f[kykiQ dBksj dkjZokbZ dh ekax dj jgs gSaA iqfyl }kjk
lkekftd 'kkafr ,oa lqj{kk gsrq lcls cM+k [krjk cu ldrh gSA iqfyl
fd;s tk jgs fojksèk&izn'kZu ls dkuwu ,oa O;oLFkk cqjh rjg
foHkkx ds dfe'uj ds :i esa bl pqukSrhiw.kZ ifjfLFkfr esa fofèk dk
izHkkfor gks jgh gS rFkk blls turk dh ijs'kkfu;k¡ c<+ jgh
'kklu cuk, j[kuk o vius vèkhuLFkksa ds eukscy dks cuk, j[kuk esjk
gaSA vkidks Mj gS fd fuEu eukscy ds pyrs [ksyksa ds
O;kolkf;d dÙkZO; gS ftls mi;qZDr ifjn`'; esa fuEufyf[kr :i ls
vk;kstu ds nkSjku iqfyldehZ iwjs mRlkg ls lqj{kk ugha dj
cuk, j[kk tk ldrk gS&
ik,axsA
z lcls igys eSa fojksèk izn'kZu djus okys iqfyldfeZ;ksa dks fo'okl
bl ifjn`'; esa vkidh dkjZokbZ dh izfØ;k D;k gksxh\
esa yw¡xk rFkk mUgsa ;g vk'oklu nw¡xk fd bl ekeys esa fofèklEer
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
izfozQ;k dk ikyu fd;k tk,xk rFkk odhyksa }kjk muds xkSjo vkSj
You have been appointed as the police commissioner of
a metropolitan city which is hosting an international
xfjek ij geyk djus dh fLFkfr esa dksbZ <hy ugha nh tk,xhA bl
sports event. It is estimated that thousands of people eqís lacaèkh okLrfod rF;ksa dk irk yxkus gsrq ,d tk¡p ny dk
will be visiting the city in the coming days. In such xBu fd;k tk,xk rkfd nksf"k;ksa ij dkuwuh dkjZokbZ dh tk ldsA
circumstances, maintaining law and order is your
z blds vykok iqfyldfeZ;ksa ds lkFk lekuqHkwfr j[krs gq, eSa mUgsa
priority for the smooth commencement of this important
event. Unfortunately, violent clashes have erupted fojksèk izn'kZu lekIr djus ds fy;s eukus dh dksf'k'k d:¡xk]
between the city’s Police and Lawyers, which was fuelled ;fn os ,slk djus ls euk djrs gSa rks ^Lo;a ls igys dÙkZO;* ds
by the police beating a lawyer after an altercation. vkn'kZ ds lkFk mUgsa tu lsok gsrq izsfjr d:¡xkA
In response to this, lawyers called for a protest and z mUgsa ;g Hkh Lej.k djokmQ¡xk fd vkxkeh [ksy dk vk;kstu gekjs
violently targeted police personnel deployed in court
security. Initially, the police department under your
ns'k ds fy;s ,d lqugjk volj gS rks gesa cnys esa leiZ.k] lsok
charge avoided quick action against lawyers in order to Hkkouk rFkk tokcnsgh dk izn'kZu djuk pkfg;s] ftlls gesa u
control the intensity of the protest but now police dsoy jk"Vªh; cfYd varjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij [;kfr izkIr gks ldrh gSA
703
 z ,d ckj tc foHkkx esa vkarfjd :i ls fo'okl dh cgkyh gks (a) bl ifjfLFkfr esa D;k vki ea=kh ds izLrko ls lger
tkrh gS rc eSa bl eqís ij ckj dkmafly ds vè;{k rFkk lnL;ksa gksaxs\
ls ppkZ d:¡xk tgk¡ ge feydj ,d le>kSrk dj ldrs gSa fd (b) D;k vkidks yxrk gS fd jk"Vªh; lqj{kk ds uke ij
nksuksa i{kksa ds vkjksfi;ksa dks dkuwuh :i ls nafMr fd;k tk,xk ftl ukxfjdksa dh tklwlh djuk ,d yksdrkaf=kd O;oLFkk
ij iqfyl fu"i{k :i ls dk;Z djsxhA blds lkFk gh os odhyksa esa U;k;ksfpr gS\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
dh fgalk ls nwj jgus ds fy;s ekuus dh dksf'k'k Hkh dj ldrs gSaA You are a sincere police officer who has expertise in
var esa tc fookn lqy> tk,xk rks ckj dkmafly ,oa iqfyl cyber intelligence. In your outstanding career, you have
foHkkx nksuksa feydj] ,d csgrj le> cukus dk iz;kl dj ldrs gSaA busted many criminal networks, tracked online
blds fy;s oqQN lkekftd dk;ZozQeksa dk vk;kstu] eS=kh [ksyksa dk activities of terrorists and exposed illegal financial
networks. You employed snooping, espionage, hacking
vk;kstu vkfn fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl rjg bu nksuksa ds chp fo|eku
and attacking targeted person’s systems with malware,
jkx&}s"kksa dks nwj fd;k tk ldrk gS rFkk buesa vkilh lg;ksx dh as a cyber expert. With a series of successes in this field,
Hkkouk cgky dh tk ldrh gSA you have become famous within the government circles.
bl izdkj mi;qZDr dkjZokb;ksa ds ekè;e ls bl eqís dks lqy>k;k On the retirement party of the head of your department,
tk ldrk gS rFkk [ksyksa ds vk;kstu dks ;kstukc¼ rjhds ls laiUu a minister’s personal assistant approaches and invites
fd;k tk ldrk gSA you for a private meeting with the minister. In the
meeting with the minister, he informs you about the
,d ekewyh ?kVuk dks ysdj is'ksoj :i esa lgthoh iqfyl o
recent defence deal for buying advanced aircraft which
odhyksa ds chp fgald >M+iksa dk gksuk nksuksa ds eè; fNis gq, vfo'okl is being challenged by the opposition because of a lack
,oa 'k=kqrk dks izfrfcafcr djrk gSA vkn'kZ :i esa ns[kk tk, rks of transparency. The minister asks you to access the
iqfyldfeZ;ksa ds ,d lewg }kjk dkuwu dk mYya?ku ,d ^vgadkjh personal chats and emails of a few leading opposition
ViZQokWj* ugha cuuk pkfg;sA nksuksa gh i{kksa dks Hkkjrh; yksdra=k esa vius leaders to unravel their past corrupt acts. This will push
egÙo dks le>uk pkfg;sA gekjs dbZ Lora=krk laxkz e lsukuh o vkèkqfud them in defensive mode and the aircraft deal will not
be hindered.
Hkkjr ds fuekZrk odhy Fks rFkk gekjs iqfyl cyksa us gekjs lekt dks
You personally feel that this deal is very important for
lqjf{kr j[kus o ln~Hkko cuk, j[kus ds fy;s dbZ cfynku fn;s gSaA
securing India’s airspace.
iz'u% vki ,d bZekunkj iqfyl vfèkdkjh gSa] ftldh lkbcj (a) In such circumstances, will you agree to the
baVsfytsal esa fo'ks"kKrk gSA vius mRd`"V dk;Zdky (dSfj;j) minister’s proposal?
ds nkSjku vkius dbZ vkijkfèkd usVodks± dk inkZiQk'k fd;k] (b) Do you think that spying on citizens in the name of
vkWuykbu vkardh xfrfofèk;ksa dks VªSd fd;k rFkk voSèk national security is justified in a democratic system?
foÙkh; usVodZ dk inkZiQk'k fd;k gSA vkidh fu;qfDr mÙkj%
Luwfiax] tklwlh] gSfdax ,oa yf{kr flLVe ij ekyos;j ds
izeq[k fgrèkkjd%
geys ij fo'ks"kKrk ds lkFk lkbcj fo'ks"kK ds :i esa gqbZ
gSA vius {ks=k esa liQyrkvksa dh ,d Ük`a[kyk ds lkFk vki (i) iqfyl vfèkdkjh% tks fd lkbcj baVsfytsal esa fo'ks"kKrk
vius ljdkjh lewg esa izfl¼ gks x, gSaA vkids foHkkx izkIr gSA
izeq[k dh fjVk;jeasV ikVhZ ij ,d ea=kh ds futh lgk;d (ii) ea=kh% tks fd foi{k ds usrk dh tkudkjh fudkyuk
vkids ikl vkrs gSa rFkk vkidks ea=kh ds lkFk ,d O;fDrxr pkgrk gSA
ehfVax gsrq vkeaf=kr djrs gSaA ea=kh ds lkFk gqbZ ehfVax esa (iii) foi{k ds usrk
ea=kh vkidks gky esa gqbZ ,Mokal ,;jØkÝV [kjhn ds lacaèkksa
(iv) vke turk% ljdkj ds }kjk mBk;k x;k dksbZ Hkh dne
esa tkudkjh nsrs gSa ftlesa ikjnf'kZrk dh deh gksus ds dkj.k
turk dh fpark dk lcc cu ldrk gSA
foi{k }kjk bls pqukSrh nh tk jgh gSA ea=kh vkils dqN izeq[k
foi{kh usrkvksa ds O;fDrxr pSV vkSj bZesy izkIr djus ds bl dsl LVMh esa yksd lsok uSfrdrk rFkk izkfèkdj.k }kjk fn;s
fy;s dgrk gS ftlls muds iwoZ Hkz"Vkpkjksa dk irk yxk;k x, vkns'k dk ikyu djus o nksuksa esa ls ,d fodYi pquus esa uSfrd
tk lds vkSj mu ij muds [kqn ds cpko dk ncko cuk;k nqfoèkk dh fLFkfr fo|eku gSA ea=kh }kjk foi{kh usrkvksa dh pSV rFkk
tk lds ftlls j{kk lkSns ij dksbZ ckèkk mRiUu ugha gksxhA bZesy esa lsaèk yxkus dk vuqjksèk esjs fy;s ,d uSfrd nqfoèkk dh fLFkfr
vki O;fDrxr :i ls eglwl djrs gSa fd ;g lkSnk Hkkjr mRiUu dj jgk gSA eSa bl nqfoèkk dh fLFkfr esa gw¡ fd eSa ea=kh ds
ds gokbZ {ks=k dh lqj{kk gsrq vR;fèkd egÙoiw.kZ gSA vuqjksèk dk ikyu d:¡ ;k ughaA

704
mijksDr fLFkfr esa eSa fuEufyf[kr dkjZokbZ dj ldrk gw¡& oLrqfu"Brk rFkk yksd lsok ds izfr leiZ.k izHkkoh
z eSa bl eqís dks ofj"B vfèkdkjh dks crk nw¡ rFkk muls bl fLFkfr yksdiz'kklu dh dlkSfV;k¡ gSa vU;Fkk vfèkdkjh viuh
ls fudyus dk jkLrk lq>kus dk vuqjksèk d:¡A èkkj.kkvksa ,oa erksa ls izHkkfor gks ldrs gSaA gkyk¡fd bl
z eSa lEekuiwoZd ea=kh ds voSèk :i ls Luwfiax djus ds izLrko dks lanHkZ eas lafoèkku Lo;a esa ,d LFkk;h iFk&izn'kZd gSA
vLohdkj dj nw¡xk] rkfd og foi{kh usrkvksa ij vuqfpr jktuhfrd ppkZ dhft;s fd fdl izdkj Hkkjrh; lafoèkku yksd lsodksa
ykHk izkIr u dj ik,¡A ,d iqfyl vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs eq>s esa fu"i{krk] oLrqfu"Brk rFkk yksd lsok ds izfr leiZ.k
dkuwu ds f[kykiQ ugha tkuk pkfg;s] D;ksafd dkuwu O;oLFkk dks Hkko dks cuk, j[kus esa lgk;rk djrk gS\
cuk, j[kuk esjk izkFkfed dÙkZO; gSA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
,d lkbcj fo'ks"kK vkSj f”kEesnkj vfèkdkjh ds :i esa ;g The constitution serves as the standard by which one
can measure the capacity of bureaucracy to remain
vko';d gS fd eSa lPpkbZ dk irk yxkmQ¡ rFkk ea=kh ds vkns'k dk committed to peace, harmony and justice. Bureaucracy
vk¡[k ew¡ndj vuqlj.k djus dk vFkZ gS fd eSa viuh lR;fu"Bk] serves as the third and neutral term that can be socially
oLrqfu"Brk rFkk ljdkjh lsod dh fu"i{krk ls fopfyr gks tkmQ¡ effective without the aid of politics or ideology. The
ftls leiZ.k ds lkFk turk dh lsok nsus ds fy;s fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSA philosophy of public service, on the other hand, nudges
public officials to act beyond their prescribed duty in
mi;qZDr pj.kksa dk ikyu djus ls bl eqís dks dqN gn rd uSfrd order to realize constitutional ideals. Impartiality,
o U;k;laxr rjhds ls l¡Hkkyk tk ldrk gSA objectivity and dedication to public service are the
,d yksdrkaf=kd O;oLFkk esa ukxfjdksa dh lqj{kk ds uke ij tklwlh hallmarks of effective public administration, otherwise,
officials may get swayed away by their biases and
djus ij iz'ufpÉ yxk;k tk ldrk gSA o"kZ 2017 ds ds-,l- iqV~VLokeh
opinions. However, the constitution offers itself as the
cuke Hkkjr la?k okn esa loksPZ p U;k;ky; us futrk dks ,d ekSfyd permanent lodestar in this regard.
vfèkdkj ?kksf"kr fd;k gS rFkk mls laoèS kkfud xkjaVh iznku dh gSA bl Discuss how the Indian constitution helps civil servants
iSQlys dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, ljdkj }kjk jk"Vªh; lqj{kk ds uke ij in maintaining impartiality, objectivity and dedication
ukxfjdksa dh tklwlh djokuk vuSfrd ,oa vU;k;iw.kZ yxrk gSA gkyk¡fd] to public service?
jk"Vªh; lqj{kk o iwo&Z vkradoknh [krjksa dks ns[krs gq, fuxjkuh j[kuk mÙkj% Hkkjrh; lafoèkku vius ifo=k fl¼karksa ds lkFk mu lkoZtfud
vko';d eglwl gks jgk gSA gkyk¡fd] fuxjkuh dh izÑfr dks ,slk gksuk vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj usrkvksa dh lgk;rk djrk gS ftuls oLrqfu"Brk] fu"i{krk
pkfg;s fd tks lkoZtfud turk dh igq¡p ls ckgj gksA pw¡fd ;g Li"V rFkk yksd lsok ds izfr lsokHkko dks cuk, j[kus dh vis{kk dh tkrh
gS fd futrk dk vfèkdkj ,d laiHz kq vfèkdkj ugha gS] blfy;s ljdkj gSA lafoèkku fuEufyf[kr :i ls budh lgk;rk djrk gS&
}kjk bldk mYya?ku U;k;laxr gS] fdarq blds fy;s futrk o lqj{kk ds z izsj.kk ds fpjdkfyd lzksr ds :i esa% yksdrkaf=kd O;oLFkk esa
izfrLi¼hZ ewY;ksa ds chp larqyu cuk, j[kus dh vko';drk gSA ljdkj dh izkFkfedrk gS turk dk dY;k.k djukA gekjk lafoèkku
ljdkjh laLFkkvksa }kjk vfu;af=kr ,oa vufxur MsVk laxzg.k ,oa Hkh viuh izLrkouk esa lkekftd] vkfFkZd ,oa jktuhfrd U;k;]
ijh{k.k ,d iqfyl o fuxjkuh jkT; dh uhao j[krs gSaA blfy;s Hkkjrh; izfr"Bk ,oa volj dh lerk rFkk yksxksa ds chp Hkzkr`Ro dks c<+kok
fuxjkuh O;oLFkk esa uSfrd eqíksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg;s tks fd nsus dk mYys[k djrk gSA ;s lHkh y{; ,d flfoy lsod vFkok
fuxjkuh O;oLFkk esa uSfrd igyqvksa ij fopkj djus gsrq vko';d gSA usrk dks vius iwokZxzgksa ,oa ojh;rkvksa ls Åij mBdj dk;Z djus
rduhd dk iz;ksx jk"Vªh; ,oa O;fDrxr vfèkdkjksa dh lqj{kk ds gsrq izsfjr djrs gSaA
,d midj.k ds :i esa fd;k tkuk pkfg;s rFkk rduhd ds mi;ksx z laoSèkkfud uSfrdrk dks mRiUu djus esa% Hkkjrh; lafoèkku
esa tokcnsgh dks Hkh lqfuf'pr fd;k tkuk pkfg;s] rkfd ,slh fo'ks"kKrk laoSèkkfud uSfrdrk dk ewylzksr rFkk foosdkèkhu fu.kZ;u ds fy;s
izkIr yksd lsod vko';d :i ls U;k;laxr o bZekunkj jg ldsA ,d fno~Qlwpd dh Hkk¡fr dk;Z dj ldrk gS tks fd yksd lsok
iz'u% lafoèkku ,d ,sls ekud ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gS ftlls esa fu"i{krk] oLrqfu"Brk rFkk leiZ.k ds fy;s vko';d gSA
ukSdj'kkgh dh 'kkafr] lkSgknZzrk rFkk U;k; ds izfr izfrc¼rk z flfoy lsodksa ds laj{k.k esa% ,d flfoy lsod dks dbZ ckj
ekih tk ldrh gSA ukSdj'kkgh rhljs ,oa rVLFk LraHk ds jktuhfrd dk;Zdkfj.kh ds fgrksa ds fo#¼ dk;Z djus ij buds
:i esa dk;Z djrk gS tks fcuk fdlh jktuhfrd vFkok jks"k dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA ,sls ekeyksa esa lafoèkku yksd
oSpkfjd lg;ksx ds lkekftd :i ls izHkkoh gks ldrk gSA vfèkdkfj;ksa dks muds vfèkdkjksa ds laHkkfor mYya?ku ls cpkrk
ogha nwljh rjiQ yksd lsok dk n'kZu yksd lsodksa dks vius gSA lafoèkku ds vuqPNsn 323(A) ds rgr Hkkjr esa dsna hz ; iz'kklfud
fuèkkZfjr dÙkZO; ds vfrfjDr laoSèkkfud vkn'kks± dks yf{kr vfèkdj.k dk izkoèkku fd;k x;k gS tks flfoy lsodksa ds vfèkdkjksa
djus gsrq vU; dk;Z djus ds fy;s izsfjr djrk gSA fu"i{krk] dh j{kk djrk gSA
705
 z fu.kZ;u izfØ;k esa vkèkkjHkwr nLrkos”k ds :i esa% gekjk big tobacco company who is willing to fund your NGO
lafoèkku mu fopkjksa vkSj y{;ksa dk ,d ;ksx gS tks fd Hkkjr dks because he has to meet Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR) targets. However, over the years working with
,d ns'k cukrk gSA nqfoèkkvksa vkSj la?k"kks± dh fLFkfr esa lafoèkku cancer patients you have developed a deep hatred for
buls fuiVus esa vafre lzksr ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gSA tobacco companies. Now, the owner’s offer has put you
z foosdkèkhu 'kfDr;ksa ds iz;ksx esa lgk;d ds :i esa% flfoy in a moral dilemma. On the one side, you detest the
lsok esa lekt vkSj iz'kklu dh tfVyrkvksa ls mRiUu ifjfLFkfr;ksa thought of accepting support from a company that is
doling out cancer through its products, and on the other
dk lkeuk djus ds fy;s vR;fèkd foosd dh vko';drk gksrh hand, you feel that the company's aid is a godsend
gSA foosdkèkhu fu.kZ;u esa vius iwokZxgz ksa vkSj vuqjkxksa dks vyx opportunity for your NGO to provide better care to
j[kuk lcls dfBu O;kolkf;d pqukSrh gS ftl ij ,d flfoy lsod patients.
dks fu;a=k.k ikuk vko';d gSA Hkkjrh; lafoèkku lkoZtfud vfèkdkfj;ksa (a) What are the various ethical issues involved here?
dh LokFkZ ,oa iwokZxgz ij fu;a=k.k ikus esa lgk;rk djrk gSA (b) Will it be morally right for you to accept money
from the tobacco company?
ukSdj'kkgh ,d LFkk;h 'kklh bdkbZ gS tks fd mu jktuhfrd
inkfèkdkfj;ksa ds foijhr gS tks vLFkk;h :i ls fofHkUu laHkkxksa@foHkkxksa mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa rackdw daiuh ds ekfyd }kjk
ij dkfc”k gksrs gSa blfy;s yksd lsok ds izfr leiZ.k o fu"i{krk ,u-th-vks dks foÙkh; lgk;rk dh is'kd'k us ,u-th-vks izeq[k dks
cuk, j[kuk flfoy lsodksa ds fy;s vko';d gks tkrk gSA bl izdkj nqfoèkk esa Mky fn;k gSA bl dsl LVMh esa 'kkfey izeq[k uSfrd eqíksa
;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ds ekxZn'kZu esa Hkkjr esa dks fuEufyf[kr :i esa ns[kk tk ldrk gS&
ukSdj'kkgh lPps yksdrkaf=kd vkn'kZ ds :i esa dk;e gSA z O;fDrxr fo'okl cuke foÙkh; vko';drk& tgk¡ ,d rjiQ

iz'u% vki ,d xSj&ljdkjh laxBu ds izeq[k gSa tks fd lekt ,u-th-vks èku dh deh ls tw> jgk gS] ogha nwljh rjiQ ,u-th-
ds de”kksj oxks± ds dSalj jksfx;ksa dh mi'kked ns[kHkky vks izeq[k dk O;fDrxr fo'okl gS fd rackdw daiuh dSalj gsrq
mÙkjnk;h gSA
(iSfy;sfVo ds;j) djrk gSA fiNys dqN eghuksa ls vkids
z rackdw daiuh dk jksx iQSykus esa mÙkjnkf;Ro cuke ,u-th-vks
bl usd dk;Z ds fy;s èku de iM+ jgk gS] ftlds dkj.k
vki vkfJrksa dh vko';drkvksa dks iwjk ugha dj ik jgs dh lgk;rk dj ijksidkj djus dh Hkkouk& tgk¡ ,d rjiQ
gSaA ,d fnu ,d cM+h rackdw daiuh ds ekfyd us vkils rackdw mRiknksa dk fuekZ.k dj dSalj tSlh vlkè; chekjh dks
laidZ fd;k tks fd vkids ,u-th-vks- dks iaQM nsus dk iQSykus gsrq mÙkjnk;h gS] ogha nwljh rjiQ dSalj jksfx;ksa ds mipkj
bPNqd gS] D;ksafd mls dkWiksZjsV lkekftd mÙkjnkf;Ro (lh- gsrq èku nsus dk bPNqd Hkh gSA
,l-vkj-) ds y{; dks iwjk djuk gSA tcfd o"kks± ls dSalj z ,u-th-vks dh laxBukRed lR;fu"Bk cuke èku dh deh&

jksfx;ksa ds lkFk dk;Z djus ds Øe esa rackdw daifu;ksa ds tgk¡ ,d rjiQ rackdw daiuh ls èku ysus ls ,u-th-vks dh lR;fu"Bk
izfr vkids eu esa fgdkjr dk Hkko mRiUu gqvk gSA vc ij loky mB ldrs gSa rks ogha nwljh rjiQ èku dh deh mlds
ekfyd dh is'kd'k us vkidks uSfrd nqfoèkk esa Mky fn;k usd dk;Z esa ckèkk mRiUu dj jgh gSA
gSA ,d rjiQ vki fdlh ,slh daiuh ls leFkZu izkIr djus z rackdw mRiknksa dh oSèkrk cuk, j[kuk cuke uSfrdrk% rackdw

ds fopkj ls ?k`.kk djrs gSa tks fd vius mRiknksa ds ekè;e mRikn ljdkjh jktLo dk ,d izeq[k lzksr gS fdarq os dSaljdkjd
ls dSalj iQSyk jgh gS] ogha nwljh rjiQ] vkidks yxrk gS Hkh gSa] bu mRiknksa dh oSèkrk uSfrd :i ls lansgkLin gSA
fd daiuh dh lgk;rk vkids ,u-th-vks- ds fy;s vPNk mÙkj % (b) ,u-th-vks ize[q k ds :i esa iQaM dks Lohdkj djus vFkok
volj gS tks fd ejh”kksa dks ,d csgrj ns[kHkky iznku dj vLohdkj djus ds lacaèk esa esjs le{k dqN uSfrd iz'u fo|eku gSa&
ldrk gSA z iQaM vLohdkj djus ds laHkkfor ifj.kke&
(a) ;gk¡ 'kkfey fofHkUu uSfrd eqís D;k gSa\ (i) dSalj gsrq mÙkjnk;h laLFkk ls iQaM u ysdj eSa O;fDrxr o
(b) D;k rackdw daiuh ls iSls Lohdkj djuk vkids fy;s lkaxBfud lR;fu"Bk dks cuk, j[k ikÅaxkA
uSfrd :i ls Bhd gksxk\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad) (ii) iQaM vLohdkj djus ij eSa O;fDrxr lR;fu"Bk rks cuk
You are the head of a Non-Governmental Organization
ikÅaxk fdarq dSalj ihfM+rksa dk mipkj u dj ikus dh dqaBk
(NGO) that offers palliative care to cancer patients from cuh jg ldrh gSA
the poor sections of the society. Since the last few months
funding for your noble cause is dwindling due to which (iii) iQaM vLohdkj djus dh fLFkfr esa jksfx;ksa dh i;kZIr ns[kHkky
you are not able to fulfill the needs of the dependent ugha dj ikÅaxk ftlls ,u-th-vks- dh Nfo ij udkjkRed
people. One day, you are contacted by the owner of a izHkko iM+ ldrk gSA

706
 z iQaM Lohdkj djus ds laHkkfor ifj.kke& esa vius vfèkdkj {ks=k dh efgykvksa dh nh?kZdkfyd lqj{kk lqfuf'pr
(i) ;fn eSa iQaM Lohdkj dj ysrk gw¡ rks ,u-th-vks- jksfx;ksa dk djuk Hkh esjk dÙkZO; gSA bl dsl LVMh esa 'kkfey izeq[k fgrèkkjd&
mfpr mipkj dj ikÅaxk ftlls eSa O;fDrxr dqaBk ls cp z ihfM+r ds ekrk&firk% ftUgksaus viuh csVh dks [kks fn;k gSA
tkÅaxkA z iqfyl vfèkdkjh% ftUgksaus le; ij dkjZokbZ ugha dhA
(ii) ,u-th-vks dh Nfo ij udkjkRed izHkko iM+sxkA z iqfyl vèkh{kd% tks fd 'kgj esa dkuwu O;oLFkk cuk, j[kus gsrq
(iii) iQaM Lohdkjus ls esjh O;fDrxr lR;fu"Bk o lkaxBfud f”kEesnkj gSA
lR;fu"Bk ij udkjkRed izHkko iM+sxkA z cM+s iSekus ij 'kgj dh turk% ftuesa vijkfèk;ksa ds fo#¼
oLrqr% esjs iQSlys dk izHkko fliQZ eq> ij gh ugha cfYd laxBu vkØks'k gSA
,oa dSalj jksfx;ksa ij Hkh iM+sxk] rks ,sls esa dksbZ Hkh iQSlyk ysus ls iwoZ mÙkj % (a) lkoZtfud lqj{kk ,oa izHkkoh iqfyflax dks cuk, j[kus
eSa vius lgdfeZ;ksa o dSalj ihfM+rksa ls e'kfojk d:axkA mlds i'pkr~ esa iqfyl o LFkkuh; turk ds chp fo'okl dk gksuk vfr vko';d
loZlEefr ls fu.kZ; ysus dk iz;kl d:axkA gSA iqfyl ij ls turk dk fo'okl mB tkuk csgn fujk'kktud fLFkfr
iz'u% vki ,d 'kgj esa iqfyl vèkh{kd (,l-ih-) ds :i esa gSA ,d iqfyl vèkh{kd ds :i esa fo'okl dh cgkyh ds fy;s eSa
inLFk gSa tgk¡ ,d vkbZ-Vh- is'ksoj ds lkFk lkewfgd cykRdkj fuEufyf[kr mik; d:axk&
,oa gR;k dh Hk;kog ?kVuk us iwjs ns'k dks >d>ksj fn;k z iqfyl o LFkkuh; leqnk; ds chp ldkjkRed lacaèk cuk, j[kus
gSA blds ckn ls vijkfèk;ksa ds izfr cM+s Lrj ij tu&vkØks'k ds fy;s dkuwuh izfØ;k ikjn'khZ o tokcnsg gksuh pkfg;s ftlds
c<+k gqvk gS rFkk LFkkuh; iqfyl ij Hkjkslk ugha gksus dh fy;s eSa iz;kl d:axk fd iqfyl }kjk dh tk jgh dkjZokbZ dk
o”kg ls ihfM+r ifjokj tk¡p esa lg;ksx djus ls euk dj okLrfod izlkj.k turk rd gksA
jgk gSA blls igys] tc mUgksaus u”knhd ds iqfyl LVs'ku
z iqfyl foHkkx ds vfèkdkfj;ksa o deZpkfj;ksa esa lHkh O;fDr;ksa o
esa ihfM+r dh xqe'kqnxh dh f'kdk;r ntZ djkus dh dksf'k'k
leqnk;ksa ds izfr laosnu'khyrk dk fodkl djus gsrq lkaLÑfrd
dh rks iqfyl us ;g dgdj mUgsa ykSVk fn;k fd og {ks=k
tqM+ko ds dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu djokÅaxkA
muds vfèkdkj {ks=k ls ckgj gSA ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa tgk¡
z iqfyl vfèkdkfj;ksa ,oa leqnk; ds chp fo'oklksRiknu ds fy;s
iqfyl cy ehfM;k tk¡p ds nk;js esa gS&
LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa ds lkFk ekfld cSBd cqykuk] lkeqnkf;d LFkyksa
(a) turk ,oa iqfyl ds eè; c<+rs vfo'okl dks jksdus
o lM+d bR;kfn ij iSny x'rsa c<+kuk] Ldwy dkWystksa vkfn esa
ds fy;s vki D;k djsaxs\
iqfyl dh Hkkxhnkjh ij lsfeukjksa dk vk;kstu vkfn dk;Z d:axkA
(b) blds lkFk gh efgykvksa ds izfr c<+rh fgalk dh izof` Ùk;ksa
mÙkj % (b) efgykvksa ds fo#¼ gksus okyh fgalk dh izo`fÙk dks
ls fuiVus ds fy;s nh?kZdkfyd mik;ksa dks lq>kb;sA
de djus ds fy;s nh?kZdkfyd mik;%
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z lks'ky ehfM;k ds ekè;e ls tutkx:drk c<+kus dk iz;kl rFkk
You are posted as Superintendent of Police (SP) in a
city where a horrific incident of gang rape and murder ;qokvksa esa fyax laosnu'khyrk ds ln~xq.k dk fodkl djdsA
of an IT professional has shaken the conscience of the z ;kSu fgalk ls izHkkfor efgykvksa ds fy;s mfpr LokLF; ns[kHkky]
entire nation. Since the culprits are still at large, the
dkS'ky fodkl dk;ZØe rFkk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa o ;kstukvksa esa muds
public anger is mounting and the aggrieved family is
refusing to cooperate in investigations because they have fy;s fo'ks"k izkoèkku djdsA
no faith in the local police. Earlier, when they tried to z Ldwyksa] dkWystksa ,oa lkeqnkf;d cSBdksa esa ;kSu fgalk ds eqís ij
lodge a missing complaint of the victim in a nearby ppkZ djuk o fgalk dks de djus ds mik;ksa dks ryk'kukA
police station, they were turned away as the police said
that the area falls outside their jurisdiction. In such z laLFkkuksa] lkoZtfud LFkkuksa rFkk lkoZtfud ifjogu ds lkèkuksa esa
circumstances when the police force is under heavy lh-lh-Vh-oh yxokdj rFkk isfud cVu dh O;oLFkk djokdjA
media scrutiny. z 'kgjksa] dLcksa ,oa xk¡oksa vkfn esa iqfyl rSukrh c<+kdj rFkk
(a) What will you do to dissuade the rising mistrust
Lo;alsodksa dks izsfjr djdsA
between the public and the police?
(b) Also, bring out the long term measures to check this z vius cPpksa esa foijhr fyax ds izfr laosnu'khyrk dk Hkko mRiUu
ever growing menace of violence against women. djds rFkk iwokZxzgksa dh lekfIr djdsA
mÙkj% mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa cykRdkj ,oa gR;k dh Hk;kog ?kVuk z iz'kklu] iqfyl o U;k;ikfydk vkfn lHkh Lrjksa ij dkuwu dk
us tgk¡ iwjs 'kgj dks >d>ksj fn;k gS ogk¡ ,d iqfyl vèkh{kd ds :i csgrj izorZu o dkuwuh e'khujh dks nq#Lr cukdjA
esa esjh izkFkfed ftEesnkjh vijkfèk;ksa ij udsy dlus dh gS rks lkFk z efgykvksa dks vkRej{kk dh rduhdksa dks fl[kkdjA

707
 oLrqr% ;fn ns[kk tk, rks iqfyl vfèkdkjh Hkh leqnk; dk gh involvement in the event. Meanwhile, the National
Hkkx gksrs gSa ftu ij u fliZQ dkuwu O;oLFkk cuk;s j[kus dk nkf;Ro Commission of Women has also approached Mr.
Siddhant and demands the removal of the Brand
gksrk gS cfYd lekt ds lkFk ikjLifjd lkeatL; LFkkfir djus dk Ambassador. Mr. Siddhant is in mid of the finalization
Hkh nkf;Ro gksrk gSA ,sls esa mUgsa muds drZO;ksa ds izfr lefiZr cukdj of the event and all the preparations regarding inviting
izHkkoh iqfyflax dks c<+kok fn;k tk ldrk gSA people from different parts of the world, their
iz'u% Jh fl¼kar dsanz ljdkj ds vèkhu ,d lkaLÑfrd laxBu accommodation, etc have already been done. Initially,
his consciousness pushed him to do something in this
ds vè;{k gSaA laxBu dh ,d ,sfrgkfld ,oa lkaLÑfrd regard but because of external pressure, he is not sure
fojklr gSA gky gh esa mUgsa fofHkUu ns'kkas ds dykdkjkas dks about the right course of action. With reference to the
lfEefyr djds ,d varjkZ"Vªh; dk;ZØe ds vk;kstu dh above case study–
f”kEesnkjh nh xbZ gSA bl vk;kstu ds fy;s mUgksaus ,d izfl¼ (a) What arguments can you give him to show that
ckWyhoqM 'kf[l;r dks czkaM ,acsLkMj rFkk vk;kstu ds psgjs keeping quiet is not morally right?
(b) What course of action would you advise him to adopt
ds :i esa 'kkfey fd;k gSA blls dk;ZØe dks o`gn~ Lrj
and why?
ij izflf¼ feysxh] lkFk gh jktLo dk l`tu Hkh gksxkA
mÙkj % (a) mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa ckWyhoqM 'kf[l;r ij ;kSu
gkyk¡fd rS;kjh ds chp esa gh ,d xkf;dk ehfM;k ds le{k
mRihM+u dk vkjksi Jh fl¼kar }kjk vk;ksftr fd;s tk jgs dk;ZØe
vkdj mDr ckWyhoqM 'kf[l;r ij ;kSu 'kks"k.k dk vkjksi
dks izHkkfor dj jgk gSA p¡wfd dk;ZØe ds vk;kstu dh rS;kjh yxHkx
yxkrh gSA ;g ?kVuk 10 o"kZ iwoZ dh gS tc xkf;dk dke
iwjh dh tk pqdh gS] ,sls esa dksbZ Hkh ifjorZu vk;kstu dks izHkkfor
dh ryk'k esa FkhA bl vkjksi us lkoZtfud :i ls fookn
dj ldrh gSA laxBu ds vè;{k ds :i esa Jh fla¼kar dh uSfrd
,oa fojksèk dks tUe fn;k gSA yksx vk;kstu esa ckWyhoqM
f”kEesnkjh gS fd og bl ekeys esa dksbZ LVSaM ysa rFkk ;kSu mRihM+u
'kf[l;r dh Hkkxhnkjh ds f[kykiQ vkok”k mBk jgs gSaA blh
tSls xaHkhj vkjksi ij viuh vk¡[ksa can u djsaA
chp jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx us Jh fl¼kar ls laidZ fd;k
;g crkus ds fy;s fd pqi jguk uSfrd :i ls Bhd ugha gS] eSa
o czkaM ,acslMj dks gVkus dh ekax dh gSA Jh fl¼kar bl
fuEufyf[kr roZQ nwaxk&
vk;kstu dks vafre :i nsus ds djhc gSa rFkk fo'o ds
z laxBu ds lkFk ckWyhoqM 'kf[l;r dk tqM+ko mldh izfr"Bk dks
fofHkUu fgLlkas ls yksxkas dks vkeaf=kr djus rFkk muds Bgjus
vkfn dh rS;kjh igys gh dh tk pqdh gSA izkjaHk esa mudh izHkkfor dj ldrk gS ftldk iks"k.k mlus n'kdksa ls fd;k gSA
z ;fn og pqi jgrk gS rks yksx ;g dgdj fd vki ckWyhoqM
varjkRek us mUgsa bl lacaèk esa dqN djus ds fy;s izsfjr fd;k
fdarq ckgjh nckokas ds pyrs] og fdlh Hkh dkjZokbZ ds 'kf[l;r dks cpkuk pkgrs gks_ vkidh O;fDrxr lR;fu"Bk ij
lanHkZ esa fuf'pr ugha gSaA mi;qZDr dsl LVMh ds lanHkZ esa& loky mBk ldrs gSaA
z pw¡fd] vkjksi lkoZtfud :i ls yxk;k x;k gS] ,sls esa laHko gS
(a) vki mUgsa ;g fn[kkus ds fy;s D;k rdZ ns ldrs gSa fd
fd ns'k&fons'k ds cM+s dykdkj vk;kstu dk cfg"dkj djsaA
pqi jguk uSfrd :i ls lgh ugha gS\
z ,d izfrf"Br laxBu ds izeq[k dks fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr esa uSfrd
(b) vki mUgsa D;k dkjZokbZ djus dh lykg nsaxs vkSj D;kas\
fu.kZ; ysuk pkfg;sA
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
z vrhr esa dbZ izfrf"Br O;fDr;ksa dh izfrc¼rk ,oa leiZ.k us bl
Mr. Siddhant is the chairman of a cultural organization
under the central government. The organization has a laxBu dh izfr"Bk dks cuk;k gksxkA vkidk ,d fu.kZ; blh Nfo
historical and cultural legacy. Recently he has been dks èkwfey dj ldrk gSA
charged with the responsibility of organizing an mÙkj (b): bl ifjfLFkfr esa Jh fl¼kar dks fuEufyf[kr lykg nwxa k&
international event by involving artists from different z Hkys gh Hkfo"; esa ml 'kf[l;r ij yxs vkjksi >wBs D;ksa u lkfcr
countries. For this event, he has roped in a famous
personality from Bollywood as the brand ambassador
gksa] fdarq laxBu dks vk;kstu ds eq[; psgjs ds :i esa mls ugha
and face of the event. This has helped in popularising the jgus nsuk pkfg;sA
program at a wide scale and also in the generation of z vk;std dks bl nqHkkZX;iw.kZ ?kVuk ls izHkkfor ugha gksuk pkfg;s]
revenue. However, in the mid of the preparation, a female cfYd laxBu ds usr`RodÙkkZ ds :i esa vk;kstu dks iw.kZ djus gsrq
singer artist came in front of the media and accused the
oSdfYid lekèkku [kkstuk pkfg;sA
Bollywood personality of sexual harassment 10 years ago
z mls ml ckWyhoqM 'kf[l;r ls Lo;a iwNuk pkfg;s fd lPpkbZ D;k
when she was a minor and searching for work. This
accusation has sparked controversy and protest by the gS\ ;fn og dksbZ cgkuk cukrk gS rks mls uSfrd vkèkkj ij bl
public. People are raising their voices against his vk;kstu esa Hkkx u ysus ds fy;s dguk pkfg;sA

708
 z fl¼kar dks fodYi ds :i esa fdlh vU; izfl¼ 'kf[l;r dh (a) What course of action will you take in such a
ryk'k djuh pkfg;s rkfd vk;kstu ij udkjkRed izHkko u iM+sA scenario?
(b) What are the issues involved in banning the practice
oLrqr% fdlh Hkh laxBu dh lk[k ,d yacs le; esa LFkkfir of Devadasi system, in spite of the laws already
gksrh gS] ml lk[k dks cuk, j[kuk mlds 'kh"kZ usr`Ro dk izkFkfed present against it?
nkf;Ro gksrk gS ftls O;fDrxr lR;fu"Bk] izfrc¼rk ,oa leiZ.k Hkko mÙkj%
ls bls cuk, j[kuk pkfg;s rFkk laxBu ds izeq[k ds :i esa Jh fl¼kar izeq[k fgrèkkjd
dks Hkh csgrj usr`Ro {kerk dk izn'kZu dj laxBu dh Nfo dks èkwfey
z dU;k,¡% ftuds ekrk&firk mUgsa nsonklh cukus ds fy;s rS;kj dj
gksus ls cpkuk pkfg;sA
jgs gSAa
iz'u% Hkkjr dh èkkfeZd Hkwfe esa] vkuq"Bkfud ySafxd nklrk dh
z xjhc ifjokj% tks fd vfèkdrj lekt ds fuEu oxks± ls gSaA
'kks"k.kdkjh izFkk] dU;kvksa dk nsork ls fookg djus dh
z eafnj iz.kkyh@iqjksfgr oxZ% tksfd xjhc ifjokjksa dh fuèkZurk dk
tksfxuh izFkk (nsonklh izFkk dk ,d LFkkuh; :i) ekStwn
ykHk mBkdj nsonklh izFkk ds iks"kd gSaA
gSA nsonklh (leiZ.k dk fu"ksèk) vfèkfu;e ds rgr
z f”kyk iz'kklu% tks fd bl izdkj dh izFkkvksa ij jksd yxkus gsrq
izfrcafèkr gksus ds ckotwn vkt rd ;g lkekftd cqjkbZ
mÙkjnk;h gSA
fujarj pyh vk jgh gSA vki ,d f”kys esa f”kykfèkdkjh ds
z cM+s iSekus ij vke turk% tks fd bl izdkj dh izFkkvksa ls
:i esa inLFk gSa rFkk vkidks vius vfèkdkj {ks=k eas gks
jgh ,slh izFkk ds ckjs esa irk pyrk gSA nks nfyr dU;kvksa izHkkfor gksrh gSA
dks nsonkfl;ksa ds :i esa bZ'oj ds izfr lefiZr gksus ds nsonklh izFkk Hkkjrh; lekt esa vR;fèkd izkphu o 'kks"k.kdkjh
fy;s rS;kj fd;k tk jgk gSA cPpksa dks muds vius ekrk&firk izFkk gSA nsonklh dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ ^nsork ds fy;s lefiZr efgyk
}kjk nsonklh cuus ds fy;s etcwj fd;k tkrk gS D;ksafd nkl* gSA bl izFkk dh 'kq#vkr Hkkjr esa yxHkx NBh 'krkCnh bZlk iwoZ
gqbZ FkhA ml le; nsonklh cuuk vR;fèkd lEeku dh ckr Fkh] fdarq
vfèkdrj ekeyksa esa dU;k,¡ mudh vk; dk ,dek=k lzksr
le; chrus ds lkFk gh bl izFkk esa foÑfr vk xbZ tks fd orZeku esa
gksrh gSaA ,d lekt esa tgk¡ vDlj ,d cPph dks nkf;Ro
os';ko`fÙk dk i;kZ; cu xbZ gSA
ekuk tkrk gS] mUgsa nsonklh cukuk fir`lÙkk dk mUgsa laifÙk
esa cnyus tSlk gSA lkFk gh nsonklh ds uke ij izpfyr mÙkj % (a) bl {ks=k ds f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa bl lkekftd
cqjkbZ ls fuiVus ds fy;s esa fuEufyf[kr dne mBk ldrk gw¡&
cky os';ko`fÙk ds ckjs esa Hkh vkidks irk pyrk gSA
z eSa lcls igys mu dU;kvksa dks eqDr dj muds iquokZl dk dk;Z
(a) ,sls ifjn`'; esa vki D;k dkjZokbZ djsaxs\
d:axkA
(b) nsonklh izFkk ds fo#¼ dkuwuksa dh ekStwnxh ds ckotwn
z rRi'pkr~ eSa muds ekrk&firk ,oa bl ÑR; esa 'kkfey vU;
bl izFkk ij izfrcaèk yxkus esa dkSu&dkSu ls eqís
O;fDr;ksa ds f[kykiQ dkuwuh dkjZokbZ d:axk] rkfd os bl izdkj
'kkfey gSa\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
In the religious land of India, there exists the exploitative
ds ÑR; dks nksgjk u ldsaA
custom of sexual slavery known as the Jogini system (a z blds ckn eSa os';ko`fÙk dh leL;k ls fuiVus ds fy;s fo'oluh;
local variation of the Devadasi system) which involves tkudkjh tqVkmQaxk] ftlds ckn blesa 'kkfey lHkh i{kksa ij dkjZokbZ
marrying young girls to a deity. This social evil has d:axkA
resisted the legal measures aimed at curbing it till date,
despite having been prohibited as per the Devadasi z rRi'pkr~ yksxksa dks bl dqizFkk dks jksdus ds fy;s fjiks²Vx djus
(Prohibition of Dedication) Act. You are posted as a ds fy;s izsfjr d:axk] ftlds fy;s ,d gsYiykbu uacj cukus dk
District Magistrate and you get to know about such iz;Ru d:axkA
practice taking place in the area of your jurisdiction.
z bl izFkk dk ewy dkj.k xjhch gS] ftlds fy;s eSa xjhch fuokj.k
Two Dalit girls have been confined and being prepared
for dedication to God as devadasis. The children are gsrq eujsxk tSlh ;kstukvksa dk xzkmaM ysoy fØ;kUo;u lqfuf'pr
forced into becoming Devadasis by their own parents djokmQaxk rFkk oSdfYid jks”kxkj ds vU; lkèkuksa dks miyCèk
because girls are their only source of income in most djkus dk iz;kl d:axkA
cases. In a society where a girl child is often considered
z dU;kvksa dk ljdkjh ldwyksa esa ukekadu lqfuf'pr djokmQaxk rFkk
a liability, turning them into Devadasis is how patriarchy
works to transform them into assets. You also get to O;kid Lrj ij turk esa tkx:drk iSQykus dk dk;Z d:axkA
know of child prostitution being practiced in the name z pwf¡ d] bl ekeys esa èkkfeZd i{k 'kkfey gS rks eSa bl ckr dk è;ku j[kwx
ak
of Devadasi. fd gj dne lkoèkkuhiwod Z mBkmQ¡] rkfd tuHkkouk,¡ vkgr u gksAa
709
 mÙkj % (b) nsonklh izFkk ds fo#¼ dkuwu gksus ds ckotwn bl India hosts a number of migratory bird species every
izFkk ij izfrcaèk ugha yxk;k tk ldk] ftlds fy;s dbZ dkj.k f”kEesnkj year who fly here either in search of feeding ground or
to escape freezing winters of their natural habitat. At a
gSa] ftuesa ls dqN fuEufyf[kr gSa& major bird nesting lake in India, thousands of birds
z lkekftd LohÑfr% bl izFkk dks lekt esa LohÑfr feyh gqbZ have died in a mysterious way. The deadly lake is
gSA yksxksa us bl izFkk dks lkekftd&èkkfeZd nckoksa ds pyrs LohÑfr surrounded by mining areas and possibly due to the
discharge of effluents from the mining process, the lake
iznku dh gSA
got polluted. The junior manager working in the same
z tkx:drk dk;ZØeksa dk vizHkkoh gksuk% bl izFkk ds fo#¼ mining area happens to discover the cause of the death
ljdkjh ,oa xSj&ljdkjh tutkx:drk dk;ZØe èkkfeZd vuq"Bku of the birds. He is perturbed and discusses this with his
ds vkxs vèkwjs eglwl gksrs gSaA colleagues who ask him to keep silent as this may cost
him his job. He cannot risk losing his job as he is the
z iqfyl dkjZokbZ dk izHkkoh u gksuk% iqfyl èkkfeZd ekeyksa esa
sole breadwinner of his family and has to take care of
dkjZokbZ djus ls cprh gSA his ailing parents and siblings. At first, he thinks that if
z dkuwuksa dk fØ;kUo;u vR;fèkd de”kksj gksuk% nsonklh his colleagues are quiet, why should he stick out his
(leiZ.k dk fu"ksèk) vfèkfu;e] iksDlks ,DV rFkk os';ko`fÙk fu"ksèk neck. But his conscience pricks him to do something to
save the lake and the birds who depend upon it. He
vfèkfu;e bR;kfn dkuwuksa dk fØ;kUo;u csgrj <ax ls u gks ikukA decides to take the matter to his senior.
iz'u% Hkkjr gj lky dbZ izoklh i{kh iztkfr;ksa dh es”kckuh djrk (a) What arguments can he advance to show that
gS] tks fd ;k rks Hkkstu dh ryk'k esa ;k vius izkÑfrd whatever is being done by the mining industry is
fuoklksa esa iM+us okyh BaM ls cpus ds fy;s ;gk¡ vkrs gSaA not morally right?
(b) What course of action should he adopt in case his
Hkkjr dh ,d izeq[k usfLVax >hy esa g”kkjksa if{k;ksa dh
senior refuses to entertain his complaint and why?
jgL;e;h rjhds ls ekSr gks xbZ gSA ;g >hy [kuu {ks=kksa ls
mÙkj% mi;qZDr dsl LVMh esa usfLVax >hy esa cM+s iSekus ij izoklh
f?kjh gqbZ gS rFkk laHko gS fd [kuu izfØ;k ds nkSjku
if{k;ksa dh ekSr gks xbZ gSA izFke n`"V;k ;g izrhr gksrk gS fd bu
vif'k"Vksa ds fuoZgu ds dkj.k >hy iznwf"kr gks xbZ gksA
if{k;ksa dh ekSr dk dkj.k [kuu {ks=kksa ls [krjukd jlk;uksa dk >hy
blh [kuu {ks=k esa dk;Z djus okyk dfu"B izcaèkd (twfu;j
esa fuL;anu gksuk gSA bl dsl LVMh esa dbZ fgrèkkjd 'kkfey gSa&
eSustj) if{k;ksa dh ekSr ds dkj.k dh [kkst djrk gSA bl
z twfu;j eSustj
?kVuk ls {kqCèk gksdj og bldh ppkZ vius lgdfeZ;ksa ls
z [kuu daifu;k¡
djrk gSA lgdehZ mls pqi jgus ds fy;s dgrs gSa ugha rks
z twfu;j eSustj dk ofj"B vfèkdkjh
mls viuh ukSdjh ls gkFk èkksuk iM+ ldrk gSA og viuh
ukSdjh [kksus dk tksf[ke ugha mBk ldrk D;ksafd og vius z jkT; ljdkj

ifjokj dk ,dek=k dekusokyk gS rFkk ml ij vius chekj z jkT; iznw"k.k fu;a=k.k cksMZ

ekrk&firk o HkkbZ&cguksa dh ns[kHkky dk nkf;Ro gSA igyh z cM+s iSekus ij vke turk

ckj esa og lksprk gS fd ;fn mlds lgdehZ 'kkar gSa rks mÙkj % (a) ;fn jlk;uksa dk fuL;anu blh izdkj tkjh jgk rks
mls Hkh D;ksa vkiQr cqykuh pkfg;sA fdarq mldh varjkRek nh?kZdky esa blls LFkkuh; ikfjfLFkfrd ra=k ,oa LFkkuh; vFkZO;oLFkk
mls >hy rFkk ml ij fuHkZj if{k;ksa dks cpkus ds fy;s ij udkjkRed izHkko iMs+xkA blls u dsoy i{kh iztkfr;k¡] cfYd vU;
dqN djus gsrq izsfjr djrh gSA og bl ekeys dks vius tarq iztkfr;k¡ o i'kqèku Hkh izHkkfor gksaxs] ftlls fd LFkkuh; vkcknh
ofj"B vfèkdkjh ds ikl ys tkus dk iSQlyk djrk gSA ij Hkh vlj iM+sxkA eSa ;g crkus ds fy;s fd ;g uSfrd :i ls Bhd
(a) og ;g crkus ds fy;s D;k rdZ ns ldrk gS fd [kuu ugha gS] fuEufyf[kr rdZ nwaxk&
m|ksx }kjk tks dqN Hkh fd;k tk jgk gS og uSfrd z >hy esa jlk;uksa dk fuL;anu if{k;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk LFkkuh; Ñ"kdksa
:i ls lgh ugha gS\ ds i'kqèku dks Hkh izHkkfor dj ldrk gSA
(b) ;fn ofj"B vfèkdkjh mldh f'kdk;r lquus ls budkj z ;fn >hy esa jlk;uksa dh ek=kk c<+sxh rks mldk fuL;anu Hkwfexr

dj ns rks mls D;k dkjZokbZ djuh pkfg;s vkSj D;ksa\  ty esa Hkh gksxk] tks is;ty dks vLoPN cuk ldrk gS ,oa
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad) LFkkuh; vkcknh esa dSalj lfgr dbZ jksxksa dks tUe ns ldrk gSA

710
 z LFkkuh; turk }kjk f'kdk;r fd;s tkus ij ljdkj m|ksxksa dks can dk;Zcy dh voèkkj.kk dks cy iznku djrh gSA tkWc
djus ds vkns'k ns ldrh gS] tks fd LFkkuh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks lSfVLiSQD'ku] lg;ksx rFkk dk;Z izn'kZu dks Hkh c<+kok nsrh
udkjkRed :i ls izHkkfor djsxkA gS rFkk lcls egÙoiw.kZ] ,d ldkjkRed dk;Z dk okrkoj.k
z jlk;uksa dk izkÑfrd ty lzksrksa esa izokg i;kZoj.k (laj{k.k) deZpkfj;ksa ds ruko dks de djrk gSA
vfèkfu;e] 1986 o ty (çnw"k.k fuokj.k vkSj fu;a=k.k) vfèkfu;e] eku yhft;s vki ,d lkoZtfud {ks=kd m|e esa izcaèkd

1974 dk mYya?ku gSA gSa] vki vius dk;ZLFky esa deZpkfj;ksa dh [kq'kgkyh dSls
mÙkj % (b) bl fLFkfr esa twfu;j eSustj ds ikl fuEufyf[kr lqfuf'pr djsaxs\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
fodYi ekStwn gSa& Culture is the environment that surrounds us all the
time. Workplace culture is the shared values, belief
z vius lgdfeZ;ksa dh pqi jgus dh lykg dks eku ysA
systems, attitudes and the set of assumptions that
z viuh ukSdjh NksM+dj bl vuSfrd O;oLFkk dk fgLlk u cusA people in a workplace share. This is shaped by
z og viuh fpark dks ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa dks crk ldrk gS] ;fn individual upbringing, social and cultural context. In
os mls u ekusa rks ,d fOglyCyksvj cudj lkoZtfud izkfèkdj.k a workplace, however the leadership and the strategic
organizational directions and management influence
dks lwfpr dj ldrk gSA
the workplace culture to a large extent. A positive
‹ igys fodYi esa og viuh ukSdjh rks cpk ysxk] fdarq mls workplace culture improves teamwork, raises morale,
vius uSfrd ewY;ksa ls le>kSrk djuk iM+sxkA bl fodYi dks increases productivity and efficiency, and enhances
pquus esa laHkkouk gS fd og lnSo ,d ekufld cks> ysdj retention of the workforce. Job satisfaction,
collaboration, and work performance are all enhanced.
ft,xkA
And, most importantly, a positive work environment
‹ blds fodYi esa og vuSfrd xfrfofèk dk fgLlk u cudj reduces stress in employees.
ekufld :i ls larq"V rks jgsxk] fdarq mlds ifjokj dh vkfFkZd Suppose you are a manager in a Public Sector
fLFkfr vR;fèkd vfuf'pr gks tk,xh rFkk >hy esa jlk;uksa Undertaking (PSU), how will you ensure that workers
dk fuL;anu tkjh jgsxkA in your workplace are happy.

‹ rhljs fodYi esa ;fn ofj"B mldh fpark lqu ysrs gSa rks bl mÙkj% [kq'kgkyh ,d eu%fLFkfr gS] tgk¡ O;fDr larks"k ,oa vkuan
ckr dh laHkkouk gS fd os bl eqís dks lqy>k ysa] fdarq bl dh vuqHkwfr djrk gSA fdlh Hkh dk;ZLFky ij deZpkfj;ksa esa larks"k ,oa
ckr dh Hkh i;kZIr laHkkouk gS fd os bl eqís ij dksbZ dkjZokbZ vkuan dk ekgkSy gksuk vR;fèkd vko';d gS] ftlls dk;Z dh mRikndrk
u djsa rks ,sls esa bls fOglyCyksvj cudj jkT; iznw"k.k fu;a=k.k c<+ tkrh gS rFkk deZpkfj;ksa esa ruko de gks tkrk gSA dk;ZLFky ij
cksMZ dks bl ?kVuk dh tkudkjh ns nsuh pkfg;sA ,sls esa mls fofHkUu fopkjèkkjkvksa] ewY;ksa] fo'oklksa ,oa fofHkUu laLÑfr;ksa ds
viuh ukSdjh ls gkFk Hkh ugha èkksuk iM+sxk vkSj mldh ekufld deZpkfj;ksa ds eè; lkeatL; LFkkfir djus esa ,d 'kkafriw.kZ o [kq'kgky
fpark dk Hkh lekèkku gks tk,xkA okrkoj.k gksuk vR;fèkd vko';d gSA
mi;qZDr rhuksa fodYiksa esa ls rhljk fodYi lokZfèkd mi;qDr oLrqr% fdlh dk;ZLFky dh laLÑfr dks lkeatL;iw.kZ ,oa lkSgknZiz .w kZ
izrhr gksrk gS] D;ksafd ewdn'kZd cuus ls csgrj gS fd ,slk dksbZ dne cuk, j[kus esa ml dk;ZLFky ds 'kh"kZ usr`Ro dh egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk
mBk;k tk,] ftlls mldh ukSdjh Hkh cph jgsxh vkSj i;kZoj.kh; gksrh gSA ,d f”kykfèkdkjh ds :i esa esjh f”kEesnkjh gS fd eSa vius
leL;k dk Hkh lekèkku gks tk,xkA f”kyk eq[;ky; ,oa f”kys esa inLFk vU; vfèkdkfj;ksa ds chp lkSgknZz]
iz'u% laLÑfr og okrkoj.k gS tks gesa gj le; ?ksjs jgrh gSA lkeatL; ,oa ijLij lg;ksfxrk dk okrkoj.k lqfuf'pr d:¡ rFkk
dk;ZLFky dh laLÑfr mu lk>k ewY;ksa] fo'oklksa] n`f"Vdks.kksa deZpkfj;ksa dks ruko eqDr j[kw¡] rkfd mueas tkWc lsfVLisQD'ku vk,]
rFkk ekU;rkvksa dk lewg gS ftls ,d dk;ZLFky ds yksx ftlls muds izn'kZu esa Hkh lqèkkj gksxkA blds fy;s eSa fuEufyf[kr
lk>k djrs gSaA ;g O;fDrxr ijofj'k rFkk lkekftd ,oa dne mBkmQaxk&
lkaLÑfrd lanHkks± ls fufeZr gksrh gSA gkyk¡fd] ,d dk;ZLFky z 'kh"kZ vfèkdkfj;ksa rFkk vU; deZpkfj;ksa ds eè; lg;ksx ,oa ijLij
esa usr`Ro vkSj j.kuhfrd laxBukRed funsZ'k ,oa izcaèku ,d eS=khiw.kZ lacaèk cuk, j[kus dk iz;kl d:axk] ftlds fy;s ekfld]
dk;ZLFky dh laLÑfr dks dkiQh gn rd izHkkfor djrs gSaA =kSekfld] Nekgh rFkk okf"kZd cSBdksa dk vk;kstu djkmQaxk rFkk
,d ldkjkRed dk;Z&laLÑfr Vhe odZ esa lqèkkj djrh gS] dHkh&dHkh dqN ,sls lsfeukjksa dk vk;kstu djokmQaxk] ftuls
eukscy c<+krh gS] mRikndrk ,oa n{krk c<+krh gS rFkk muds chp eS=khiw.kZ lacaèkksa dk fodkl gksA
711
 z f”kys ds izeq[k ds :i esa esjk izkFkfed dÙkZO; gS fd eSa vius ifj.kkeLo:i laiw.kZ Hkkjr esa vko';d o xSj&vko';d
f”kys esa inLFk lHkh deZpkfj;ksa dh leL;kvksa dk gjlaHko lekèkku nksuksa gh fpfdRlh; lsokvksa esa ckèkk,¡ mRiUu gksus dh
[kkstw¡ rFkk mudk eukscy c<+k, j[kw¡] vPNk dk;Z djus ij mUgsa laHkkouk gS] ftlls jksxh izfrdqyr% izHkkfor gksaxsA
iqjLdkj nw¡ rFkk dkepksjh ,oa vU; Hkz"V vkpj.kksa ls mUgsa nwj j[kus (a) D;k fpfdRldksa dk gM+rky ij tkuk uSfrd :i ls
dk iz;kl d:¡A mfpr gS\ bl ekeys esa dkSu ls fofHkUu uSfrd vk;ke
z vius dk;kZy; esa ekuo lalkèku dk vuqdwyre mi;ksx lqfuf'pr 'kkfey gSa\
djus dk iz;kl d:axk] deZpkjh dh vfHko`fÙk ds vuq:i mlls dk;Z (b) Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk la?k (vkbZ-,e-,-) ds vè;{k ds
djokmQaxk rFkk tgk¡ ij vko';d gks mudh gjlaHko lgk;rk d:axkA :i esa vki bl çdkj ds foifÙk dks gy djus ds
z lHkh deZpkfj;ksa ds chp vkilh lapkj gsrq ,d iwy dk fuekZ.k fy;s D;k fn'kk&funZs'k vkSj vuqns'k tkjh djsaxs\ 
d:axk rFkk tgk¡ rd laHko gks muds chp vkilh ikjLifjd  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
lg;ksx dh Hkkouk dk fodkl djOkkmQaxkA In a government medical college, a doctor was brutally
attacked and is now fighting for life, following the
z deZpkfj;ksa esa mPp eukscy cuk, j[kus ds fy;s foÙkh; ,oa
death of one of the patients. This incident triggered
xSj&foÙkh; izksRlkgu nsdj mUgsa izsfjr djus dk dk;Z d:axk rFkk the massive strike by the doctors in the city. Following
muesa ySafxd lekurk ,oa lekt ds de”kksj oxks± ds izfr the agitation, various medical bodies also came in
laosnu'khyrk dh Hkkouk dks Hkh c<+kok nwaxkA support of the doctors and threatened to organize
nationwide doctors’ strike to protest over rising
z muesa Vhe Hkkouk dk fodkl djus ds fy;s izR;sd deZpkjh dks
violence against the medical fraternity at many places.
Vhe ds mlds egÙo ls voxr djkmQaxk rFkk dk;kZy; ds izeq[k As a result, medical services, both essential as well as
ds :i esa le;&le; ij mudk ekxZn'kZu d:axkA non-essential is likely to suffer across the country,
adversely affecting the patients.
z deZpkfj;ksa ds izfr d#.kk ,oa n;k ds Hkko ls laxBu esa
(a) Is it ethical for the doctors to go for a strike? What
laosnu'khyrk dk Hkko mRiUu gksxk ftlls muesa Hkh yksd lsok ds
are the various ethical dimensions involved in this
izfr leiZ.k dk Hkko mRiUu gksxkA case?
z eSa iz'kklfud eqíksa ij deZpkfj;ksa ds fopkjksa dks ;FkklaHko egÙo (b) As a President of Indian Medical Association, what
nsus dk iz;kl d:axk rFkk dksf'k'k d:axk fd vfèkdrj fu.kZ; guidelines and instructions will you issue to resolve
such crises?
yksdrkaf=kd :i ls fy;s tk,¡A
mÙkj% fpfdRldksa ds le{k lkekU;r% fgIiksØsfVd 'kiFk ds ikyu
oLrqr% fdlh Hkh laxBu esa vyx&vyx vfHko`fÙk;ksa ,oa vfHk#fp;ksa
rFkk jksfx;ksa ds fy;s çR;;h nkf;Ro ds fuokZg ds chp ,d uSfrd nqfoèkk
ds O;fDr dk;Z djrs gSa] ,sls esa muds chp lkeatL; cuk, j[kus rFkk
gksrh gSA ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Lok;Ùkrk ds fy;s lEeku ds uSfrd fl¼kar]
laxBu dh ,drk cuk, j[kus ds fy;s deZpkfj;ksa ds chp vkilh
U;k; ,oa midkj lHkh la?k"kZ dk fgLlk cu tkrs gSa] ftlds dkj.k
fo'okl ,oa ikjLifjdrk dh Hkkouk dk gksuk vko';d gSA bl
fpfdRldksa dks lkekU; deZpkfj;ksa ds :i esa viuh Hkwfedk ds fuoZgu
ikjLifjdrk dks cuk, j[kuk laxBu ds 'kh"kZ usr`Ro dk izkFkfed
esa la?k"kZ djuk iM+rk gS] tks jksfx;ksa vkSj lekt ds cuke muds vius
mÙkjnkf;Ro gS] rkfd laxBu dh mRikndrk ,oa n{krk esa o`f¼ lqfuf'pr
uSfrd nkf;Roksa ds fy;s lqjf{kr dk;ZLFky ds gdnkj gksrs gSaA
dh tk ldsA
mÙkj % (a)
iz'u% ,d ljdkjh vk;qfoZKku egkfo|ky; esa ,d jksxh O;fDr
dh e`R;q ds i'pkr~ ,d fpfdRld ij funZ;rk ls geyk uSfrd vk;ke%
fd;k x;k vkSj vc og thou ds fy;s la?k"kZ dj jgk z gM+rky dk vfèkdkj cuke dY;k.k ,oa LokLF; dk vfèkdkj
gSA bl ?kVuk ds ifj.kkeLo:i iwjs 'kgj esa fpfdRldksa z dk;ZLFky ij lqj{kk cuke fgIiksØsfVd 'kiFk
}kjk cM+s iSekus ij gM+rky 'kq: dj fn;k x;kA vkanksyu z dkuwuh çfØ;k ds ekè;e ls U;k; cuke fgalk ds ekè;e ls U;k;
ds ckn] fofHkUu fpfdRlh; fudk; Hkh fpfdRldksa ds fpfdRldksa }kjk dh xbZ gM+rky dk çHkko fo'ks"k :i ls fu%'kqYd
leFkZu esa lkeus vk x, vkSj fofHkUu LFkkuksa ij fpfdRlk LokLF; lsok izkIr djus okys xjhc jksxh O;fDr;ksa ij iM+rk gSA bl
leqnk; ds fo#¼ c<+rh fgalk ds fojksèk esa fpfdRldksa çdkj dh gM+rkyksa ds iQyLo:i jksxh O;fDr;ksa ds lcls vfèkd
dh laxfBr jk"VªO;kih gM+rky dh psrkouh nhA çHkkfor gksus dh laHkkouk gksrh gSA jksx ds çfr mudh Hks|rk mUgsa

712
LokLF; ns•Hkky ç.kkyh ds lacaèk esa vis{kkÑr nqcZy cukrh gS rFkk dks vkdf"kZr djrk gSA ,d fof'k"V ekSle esa ou ds fgLls
fpfdRldksa ds çfr jksfx;ksa ds n`f"Vdks.k ,oa fo'okl dks çHkkfor esa vkx iQSy xbZ] tks iwjs m|ku rFkk vklikl ds cLrh {ks=k
djrh gSA vr% ,slh gM+rkysa is'ksoj lnkpkj vFkok uSfrd ç'uksa ds esa iQSyh xbZA blds dkj.k gtkjksa i;ZVd ,oa LFkkuh; yksx
dsanz gksrh gSaA fofHkUu ekxks± rFkk LFkkuksa ij iQ¡l x,A vki ml {ks=k ds
dkaV dh Li"V vfuok;Zrk ds vuqlkj] fdlh O;fDr dks vU; ouksa ds mi&laj{kd gSa vkSj vkids {ks=k esa iQ¡ls yksxksa esa
O;fDr;ksa ds lkFk oS;fDrd uSfrd ewY;ksa ,oa çfr"Bk dks è;ku esa ofj"B ukxfjd] efgyk,¡ o cPps] ;k=kh] i;ZVd] vius
j[kdj O;ogkj djuk pkfg;s vkSj bu ewY;ksa dks dsoy vius ykHk ds ifjokj ds lnL; lfgr jktuhfrd ny ds usrk vkSj fudV
lkèku ds :i esa ugha ns[kuk pkfg;sA ,d fpfdRld dk is'kk vU; jkT; ds eq[; oU;tho okMZu ds lkFk&lkFk ou ds i'kq
dfeZ;ksa ls fHkUu gksrk gS] mldk çkFkfed y{; èku vftZr djuk ugha 'kkfey gSaA
gS cfYd jksfx;ksa ds thou dh j{kk djuk gS] ftuds izfr og uSfrd ,d ou vfèkdkjh ds :i esa vki bu yksxksa dks fdl
:i ls çfrc¼ gksrk gSA vr% fpfdRldksa dks vius Lo;a ds O;fDrxr Øekuqlkj cpk,axs vkSj D;ksa\ vius mÙkj ds lanHkZ esa mfpr
,oa rkRdkfyd fgrksa ls Åij mBdj viuh O;kolkf;d çfrc¼rkvksa rdZ nhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
ds vuqlkj vius jksfx;ksa ds fgrksa dh lsok djuh pkfg;sA There is a state which holds a large number of species

bl çdkj uSfrd vkèkkj ij fpfdRldksa dh gM+rky dks dsoy of wild flora and fauna. Every year this state witnesses
a large number of wild forest fires. Being an ecologically
,d lhfer lhek rd gh mfpr Bgjk;k tk ldrk gS c'krZs blds fd
sensitive zone, these wild fires damage a large
vko';d fpfdRlk lsok esa ckèkk mRiUu u gks] D;ksafd ,d euq"; ds geographical area of state. One of the National Parks
:i esa fpfdRld dks Hkh xfjekiw.kZ thou thus dk vfèkdkj gSA of the state attracts the large number of tourists every
mÙkj % (b) ;g Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk la?k (vkbZ-,e-,-) dk dÙkZO; year. During one particular season, fire sparked in part
gS fd og fpfdRlk leqnk; dh ,d&tqVrk dks lqfuf'pr djsa vkSj of the forest and savagely spread out to the whole Park
and the adjoining settlement region. This caused the
lkFk gh ;g lqfuf'pr djs fd fpfdRlk lsok,¡ iw.kZr% ckfèkr u gksaA
thousands tourists and locals trapped across different
vr% bl fn'kk esa vkbZ-,e-,- ds vè;{k ds :i esa gesa fuEufyf•r
routes and locations. You are the Deputy Conservator
vuqns'kksa vkSj fn'kk&funZs'kksa dk ikyu djuk pkfg;s% of forests of that region and the people trapped in your
z 'kkafriw.kZ çn'kZu dk vk;kstu djuk vkSj gM+rky ds nkSjku fdlh area of responsibility includes senior citizens, women
Hkh çdkj dh fgalk ls nwj jgukA and children, hiker, tourist, political parties’ leaders
with their family members and Chief Wildlife Warden
z fpfdRldksa dks u, rjhdksa ls fojksèk djuk pkfg;s tSls& çrhdkRed
of the nearby state as well as animals of the forest.
fojksèk ds :i esa dkys jax ds fpUg èkkj.k djuk] flj ij iV~Vh
As a forest officer, what would be the order in which you
ckaèkuk bR;kfnA would rescue these people and why? Give justifications.
z fcuk vojksèk mRiUu fd;s vko';d fpfdRlk lsokvksa dks miyCèk
mÙkj% ;g ,d mRÑ"V dsl LVMh gS ftlesa fdlh O;fDr dks
djkus dh vuqefr nh tkuh pkfg;sA
lalkèkuksa dh deh vkSj yksxksa dh Hks|rk ds dkj.k çkFkfedrk,¡ fuèkkZfjr
bu fn'kk&funZs'kksa ds lkFk&lkFk vkbZ-,e-,- }kjk lacafèkr fparkvksa djus ds fy;s e”kcwj fd;k tkrk gSA ;g fu.kZ; fuEufyf•r iSjkehVj
dks lacksfèkr djus okys Kkiu dks çèkkuea=kh dk;kZy; dks lkSaik tkuk
ij vkèkkfjr gksuk pkfg;s%
pkfg;sA fpfdRlk leqnk; dh j{kk gsrq lØh; :i ls dk;Zjr bl la?k
z lqHks|rk
dks foèkk;h <k¡ps dks ykxw djds fpfdRldksa dh lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djuh
pkfg;sA z fLFkfr dks laHkkyus dh O;fDrxr {kerk
iz'u% ,d jkT; gS] tgk¡ cM+h la[;kvksa esa taxyh ouLifr;ksa ,oa z vuarjrk (Proximity)
taxyh thoksa dh çtkfr;k¡ ikbZ tkrh gSaA çR;sd o"kZ ;g jkT; eSa tkfr] èkeZ] oxZ ;k in ds vkèkkj ij fdlh dks rjthg çnku
oukfXu (taxy dh vkx) dk xokg curk gSA ikfjfLFkfrd fd;s fcuk vfèkdre thou cpkus rFkk cpko dk;ks± esa lekurk
:i ls laosnu'khy {ks=k gksus ds ukrs] ;g vkx jkT; ds ,d lqfuf'pr djus dh dksf'k'k d:¡xkA cpko dk;Z esa vklkuh vkSj
cM+s HkkSxksfyd {ks=k dks {kfr igq¡pkrh gSaA jkT; ds jk"Vªh; yksxksa dh vuarjrk ds vkèkkj ij mudk thou cpkus esa çkFkfedrk
m|kuksa esa ls ,d ;g m|ku çR;sd o"kZ cM+h la[;k esa i;ZVdksa nh tk,xhA
713
 lkekU; rkSj ij yxHkx lHkh LohÑr uSfrd ,oa èkkfeZd ijaijkvksa pw¡fd ;g cky Je vkSj 'kks"k.k dk ,d Li"V ekeyk gS]
esa ekuo thou dks ewy :i ls i'kq thou ls vfèkd ewY;oku ekuk tkrk ,d ç'kklfud vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs bl lanHkZ esa vkidk
gSA vr% i'kqvksa dks ekuo thou ds ckn cpk;k tkuk pkfg;sA ijarq ;fn uSfrd vkSj mÙkjnk;h@çR;;h drZO; D;k gksxk\ D;k vki
eq>s dksbZ fodYi pquuk gks rks eSa fuEufyf•r Øe esa yksxksa dks cpkÅ¡xk% vk;kstd@fookg Hkou ds ekfyd vkSj {ks=k ds lac¼
z efgyk,¡ o cPps (usrkvksa ds ikfjokfjd lnL;ksa lfgr)% vfèkdkjh ds fo#¼ vuq'kklukRed dkjZokbZ djsaxs] D;ksafd
efgyk,¡ vkSj cPps Hkfo"; ds fy;s ,d lqHks| lewg rFkk ifjlaifÙk blls vkids fe=k ds fookg esa vojksèk vk ldrk gS\
gSa] blfy;s cpko dk;Z esa mUgsa çkFkfedrk nsus dh vko';drk  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
gSA cPpksa dh 'kq#vkrh fudklh cpko deZpkfj;ksa ij ncko dks You are a Sub-District Magistrate. You went to some
banquet hall for attending your friend’s marriage. There
de djus esa lgk;rk djrh gSA you see some small children are cleaning tables and
z ofj"B ukxfjd% o`¼koLFkk esa de xfr'khyrk ds dkj.k cpko washing dishes.
dk;Z esa ofj"B ukxfjdksa dks fo'ks"k çkFkfedrk ,oa ns•js• dh Being an administrative officer what is your moral and
fiduciary duty? As this is a clear case of child labour
vko';drk gksrh gSA
and exploitation. Would you take disciplinary action
z i;ZVd% i;ZVd lkekU;r% {ks=k dh LFkykÑfr ls vutku gksrs gSa] against the organizer/owner of the banquet hall and the
blfy;s mudh lqj{kk ,oa cpko djuk egÙoiw.kZ gS vkSj pw¡fd concerned officer of the area, as it might cause a problem
os ”;knkrj m|kuksa rd gh lhfer jgsaxs] vr% mudk cpko dk;Z to your friend’s marriage?

vklku gksxkA mÙkj%

z ;k=kh (gkbZdj)% ;kf=k;ksa dks 'kkjhfjd :i ls LoLFk ekuk tkrk fo"k; rF; ewY; fgrèkkjd
gS] blfy;s mUgsa cpko gsrq cpko ny dh lgk;rk dh de oLrq
vko';drk iM+rh gS] bl çdkj mUgsa bl Øe esa ckn esa cpk;k ‰ cky ‰ cky Je ‰ cky ‰ cky Jfed
tk ldrk gSA Je lacaèkh vfèkdkj ‰ vk;kstd@fookg
z jktuhfrd ny ds usrk% usrk iz'kklu dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ vax vkSj dkuwuksa ‰ ekuoh; Hkou dk
gksrs gSa] blfy;s mUgsa Hkh çkFkfedrk esa cpk;k tkuk pkfg;s vkSj cky ds ewY; ekfyd
'kks"k.k çorZu esa ‰ lkekftd ‰ vuqeaMykfèkdkjh
blds vfrfjDr os cpko dk;ks± ds fy;s Lo;alsodksa dks tqVkus esa
pwd U;k; ‰ vuqeaMykfèkdkjh
Hkh lgk;rk dj ldrs gSaA
‰ fe=k dk ‰ usr`Ro dk fe=k ftldk
z eq[; oU;tho okMZu% pw¡fd ;g ,d oU;tho vfèkdkjh gksrk fookg ‰ d#.kk fookg
gS] blfy;s {ks=k esa iQ¡ls yksxksa ds lqjf{kr cpko dk;Z esa lgk;rk lekjksg lekjksg gS
dj ldrk gSA bl çdkj mls i'kqvksa ls igys cpk;k tk ldrk gSA ‰ lexz lekt
z i'kq% pw¡fd jk"Vªh; m|ku esa vkx yx xbZ gS] blfy;s lokZfèkd
f”kys ds vuqeaMykfèkdkjh (,l-Mh-,e-) ds :i esa ;g esjk
{kfr lcls igys i'kqvksa dh gksxh] vr% mUgsa Hkh vfr'kh?kz lqj{kk
uSfrd ds lkFk&lkFk mÙkjnk;h@çR;;h dÙkZO; gS fd eSa cky Je ij
eqgS;k djkuh pkfg;sA gkyk¡fd i'kqvksa esa Hkh foyqIrçk;% i'kqvksa
vadq'k yxkÅ¡ vkSj blls lac¼ dkuwuksa dk çorZu lqfuf'pr d:¡A
dks çkFkfedrk nh tkuh pkfg;sA
blfy;s eq>s cky Je ihfM+rksa ds fy;s vko';d dne mBkus gksaxs
ekuo rFkk i'kq thou ds lkFk&lkFk i;kZoj.k dks de&ls&de vkSj lkFk gh ;g lqfuf'pr djuk gksxk fd bl lacaèk esa esjh fdlh
{kfr gks blds fy;s çHkkoh ou vfXu'keu ç.kkyh ykxw dh tkuh Hkh dkjZokbZ ls esjs fe=k ds fookg esa U;wure gLr{ksi gksA esjh rRdky
pkfg;sA ou {ks=k esa ekuoh; xfrfofèk;ksa dks çfrcafèkr fd;k tkuk dkjZokbZ fuEufyf•r gksxh%
pkfg;s rkfd Hkfo"; esa bl çdkj dh vfu;af=kr vkx dh ?kVuk u gksA z cky Je ihfM+rksa ds fy;s%
iz'u% vki ,d vuqeaMykfèkdkjh (Sub-District Magistrate) gSaA ‹ cky Je ihfM+rksa dks eqDr djkuk vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr djuk
vki vius fe=k ds fookg esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy;s fdlh fd os vius ekrk&firk ds ikl lqjf{kr okil ykSVsa] vFkok
fookg Hkou (cSaDosV gkWy) x, gSaA ogk¡ vki ns•rs gSa fd ;fn os vukFk gSa rks mUgsa vkJ; ?kjksa (Shelter Homes)
dqN cPps es”k vkSj crZu dh liQkbZ dj jgs gSaA esa HkstukA

714
 ‹ irk yxkuk fd D;k ;g cykr~ Je dk ekeyk gS ;k dksbZ iz'u% vki fdlh laxBu esa egkçcaèkd gSaA Jh ,Dl vkids dfu"B
cPpk ekuo rLdjh dk f'kdkj gS vkSj rnuqlkj iqfyl dh gSa tks lgk;d çcaèkd ds in ij dk;Zjr gSaA os laxBu ds
lgk;rk ls mfpr naMkRed dkjZokbZ djukA ,d cgqr gh dq'ky vkSj lefiZr deZpkjh gSAa mudh bZekunkjh
‹ ;fn cPps viuh bPNk ls ;k ekrk&firk ds ncko esa dk;Z dj
ls çHkkfor gksdj vkius mls vfrfjDr nkf;Ro fn;k vkSj
jgs gSa rks eSa ;g lqfuf'pr d:¡xk@d:¡xh fd cPpksa vkSj muds
vki fudV Hkfo"; esa mUgsa inksUufr nsus ds fo"k; esa lksp
ekrk&firk dks ^f'k{kk ds egÙo* ds ckjs esa mfpr ijke'kZ feys
jgs gSaA ,d fnu dk;kZy; vofèk ds lekfIr ds ckn vki
rFkk mUgsa loZ f'k{kk vfHk;ku ds rgr çnÙk fu%'kqYd çkFkfed
mls ,d deZpkjh ds lkFk vkifÙktud fLFkfr esa ikrs gSaA
f'k{kk ,oa eè;kÉ Hkkstu ds fo"k; esa u dsoy tkx:d fd;k
tk, cfYd mUgsa ;g lqfoèkk Hkh çkIr gksA vkius dHkh Hkh bl rjg ds lefiZr deZpkjh ls vuSfrd
‹ ;fn vko';drk gks rks eSa LFkkuh; xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa vkSj
:i ls O;ogkj djus dh vis{kk ugha dh FkhA vkidks yxrk
cky vfèkdkj vk;ksx dh lgk;rk Hkh yw¡xk@yw¡xhA gS fd os viuh iRuh dks èkks•k ns jgs gSa_ ;g vkpj.k muds
z fu;ksDrk ds fo#¼% O;fDrxr vkSj is'ksoj thou ds chp fojksèkkHkkl dh fLFkfr
‹ cky Jfedksa dks fu;ksftr djus dh xSj&dkuwuh xfrfofèk ds dks n'kkZrk gSA gkykafd] viuh is'ksoj {kerk esa Jh ,Dl
fy;s fu;ksDrk ds fo#¼ mi;qDr dkjZokbZ djukA us laxBu dks dHkh èkks•k ugha fn;kA blds vfrfjDr] mUgksaus
‹ bl mYya?ku@pwd ds fy;s mÙkjnk;h {ks=k ds çHkkjh vfèkdkjh mUgsa lkSais x, lHkh dk;ks± dks le; ij ,oa vR;ar bZekunkjh
ds fo#¼ vuq'kklukRed dkjZokbZ djukA ds lkFk iwjk fd;k gSA
z fe=k ds çfr%
,slh
fLFkfr esa vkids ikl D;k fodYi miyCèk gSa\ fodYiksa
‹ ;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd fe=k dk ifjokj fdlh iqfyl dkjZokbZ
dk ijh{k.k dhft;s vkSj lcls mi;qDr fodYi dk
ds fy;s 'kfe±nxh dk lkeuk ugha djsA
p;u dhft;sA  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
‹ blds vfrfjDr eSa vius fe=k vkSj mlds fj'rsnkjksa dks mu
You are a General Manager in an organization. Mr.

cPpksa ds vfèkdkjksa ds fy;s vko';d dkjZokbZ ds lacaèk esa X is your junior who is working as an Assistant
ijke'kZ nw¡xk@nw¡xh vkSj muls ;g opu yw¡xk@yw¡xh fd os Hkfo"; manager. He is a very efficient and a devoted employee
esa bl çdkj ds ekeyksa dh lwpuk iqfyl dks nsaxsA of the organization. Impressed with his sincerity you
vYidkfyd vkSj rkRdkfyd mik; ds lkFk&lkFk f”kys esa cky gave him additional responsibility and might give him
Je ij vadq'k yxkus ds fy;s eè;dkfyd ,oa nh?kZdkfyd mik; Hkh a promotion in the near future. One day while leaving
djus gksaxsA bu mik;ksa esa 'kkfey gSa& office after the working hours, you find him in a
compromising position with one of the staff members.
z f”kykfèkdkjh dh vuqefr ds lkFk iwjs f”kys esa cPpksa ds ,sls voSèk
You never expected such a devoted employee to behave
jks”kxkj dh dqy la[;k ds ckjs esa ,d tk¡p 'kq: dh tk,xhA bl
in an unethical manner in the office. You also feel that
çdkj jkT; e'khujh vkSj LFkkuh; xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa dh lgk;rk he is cheating his wife. However, in his professional
ls ,sls ekeys çdk'k esa vk,¡xsA capacity Mr. X has never cheated the organization. Also
z rnuqlkj] dkuwu ds vuq:i vko';d fuokjd vkSj naMkRed dne he had accomplished all the tasks assigned to him in
mBk, tk ldrs gSaA time and with utmost sincerity. Therefore it is a
z eYVh&ehfM;k ds lkFk&lkFk fçaV pSuy ds ekè;e ls cky Je situation of contradiction in his personal and
dkuwu dh jksdFkke vkSj cPpksa ds fy;s f'k{kk ds egÙo ds ckjs professional life.

esa tkx:drk vfHk;ku 'kq: djukA In such a situation what are the options available to
you? Evaluate the options and choose the most
bl çdkj bl rjg ds vYidkfyd vkSj nh?kZdkfyd mik;ksa ds
appropriate option giving reasons.
lkFk cky Je ds •rjs dks u dsoy vuqeaMykfèkdkjh ds vfèkdkj
{ks=k esa] cfYd iwjs f”kys esa fu;af=kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g le>uk mÙkj% mijksDr ekeys esa eqík dk;ZLFky ij vuSfrd O;ogkj vkSj
egÙoiw.kZ gS fd cPps gekjs ns'k ds Hkfo"; vkSj dy ds ukxfjd gSaA O;fDrxr lR;fu"Bk dh deh dk gS rFkk bl lacaèk esa egkçcaèkd ds
blfy;s gesa mudh f'k{kk vkSj dY;k.k ds fy;s fuos'k djuk pkfg;sA ikl miyCèk fofHkUu fodYi fuEufyf[kr gSa%
715
 fodYi xq.k nks"k
z tc rd ;g ekeyk dk;Z laLÑfr z pw¡fd Jh ,Dl ,d dq'ky deZpkjh gSa] z blls mls dk;kZy; esa vuSfrd xfrfofèk;ksa esa
dks çHkkfor ugha djrk gS rc rd blfy;s muds O;fDrxr vkpj.k ij loky 'kkfey gksus ds fy;s çksRlkgu fey ldrk gSA
dksbZ dkjZokbZ ugha dh tk,xhA ugha mBk;k tkuk pkfg;sA z ;g lansg cuk jgsxk fd D;k nksuksa O;fDr;ksa
ds chp lgefr Fkh ;k ;g ekeyk ;kSu mRihM+u
dk gS bl ij fdlh dk è;ku ugha tk,xkA
z blesa 'kkfey efgyk deZpkjh dks z ;g ;kSu mRihM+u dk ekeyk Fkk ;k z ;g efgyk deZpkjh dks vuko';d ekufld
Li"Vhdj.k gsrq cqyk;k tk ldrk gSA vkilh lgefr dk] bls fuèkkZfjr fd;k ;kruk ns ldrk gS rFkk mldh ukSdjh tkus
tk ldrk gSA dh 'kadk esa o`f¼ dj ldrk gSA
z Jh ,Dl dks muds vkpj.k ds lacaèk z fufgr dkj.kksa dks Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gS z lgefr ds fLFkfr esa Hkh mlds fo#¼ dksbZ
esa Li"Vhdj.k ds fy;s cqyk;k tk rFkk ;fn ;g lgefr ds vkèkkj ij Fkk] rks l[r dkjZokbZ u gksuk mls daiuh }kjk NwV nsus
ldrk gS lkFk gh mUgsa psrkouh nh Hkfo"; esa ,slh xyrh ugha nksgjkus ds fy;s dk vkHkkl ns ldrk gSA
tk ldrh gSA dgk tk ldrk gSA
z ;fn ;g ekeyk dk;ZLFky ij ;kSu mRihM+u
dk gks rks l[r dkjZokbZ dh tk ldrh gSA
z ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa dks ekeys dh z ofj"B vfèkdkjh fdlh Hkh izdkj dh z ofj"B vfèkdjh Jh ,Dl dks vuqfpr dBksj
lwpuk nh tk, vkSj muds lykg ds dkjZokbZ djus ds fy;s csgrj fLFkfr esa naM ns ldrs gSaA
vuqlkj dkjZokbZ dh tk,A gksaxsA
z Jh ,Dl ls tkudkjh ekaxus gsrq z ;g vU; deZpkfj;ksa dks fdlh Hkh vuSfrd z ;g ,d l{ke vkSj dq'ky deZpkjh ds fy;s
dkj.k crkvks uksfVl tkjh fd;k O;ogkj esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy;s grksRlkfgr cgqr dBksj naM gksxkA
tk,xk] mldh lsok lekIr djuk djsxkA

dkjZokbZ dk lcls mi;qDr dne efgyk deZpkjh ls iwNrkN iz'u% ns'k ds nks vyx&vyx Hkkxksa esa nks ;qok yM+fd;ksa ds
djuk gksxk ftlls ;g irk yx ik,xk fd ;g ekeyk ;kSu mRihM+u cykRdkj rFkk gR;k us jk"Vª dks >d>ksj fn;k gSA igys
;k vkilh lgefr dkA ;kSu mRihM+u ds ekeys esa mlds f•ykiQ daiuh ekeys esa] ihfM+rk ds leqnk; ds chp Hk; iSnk djus ds
}kjk l[r dne mBk, tk ldrs gSaA ogha] vkilh lgefr dh fLFkfr fy;s ,d iqfyl vfèkdkjh }kjk yM+dh dk dfFkr :i ls
esa rFkk is'ksoj ,oa O;fDrxr thou dh 'kqfprk dks cuk, j•us ds cykRdkj vkSj gR;k fd;k x;kA tc vfHk;qDr iqfyl
fy;s ,d l[r psrkouh tkjh dh tk ldrh gSA pw¡fd Jh ,Dl ,d vfèkdkjh dks fxjÝrkj fd;k x;k] rks ,d nf{k.kiaFkh
dq'ky vkSj lefiZr deZpkjh ds :i esa daiuh dh laifÙk gSa] vr% mUgsa
laxBu •qysvke vfHk;qDr ds leFkZu esa vk;k vkSj blus
nksckjk dk;Z LFky ij bl rjg ds vuSfrd O;ogkj esa fyIr u gksus
bl fxjÝrkjh ds fojksèk esa ekpZ fudkyk rFkk lkFk gh
dh fgnk;r nh tkuh pkfg;sA
vfHk;qDr dh fjgkbZ dh ekax Hkh dhA
ofj"B vfèkdkjh gksus ds ukrs egkçcaèkd Jh ,Dl dks fo'oluh;
cus jgus vkSj iRuh dks èkks•k u nsus dh lykg nh tkuh pkfg;s rFkk tcfd nwljs ekeys esa] ,d vkfnoklh çoklh dkexj ds
;fn bl psrkouh ds ckn Hkh Hkfo"; esa vijkèk esa fyIr ik;k tkrk }kjk ,d yM+dh dk dfFkr rkSj ij vigj.k] cykRdkj
gS] rks bl ekeys dks vius ofj"B vfèkdkfj;ksa ds le{k ykuk pkfg;s vkSj gR;k dh xbZ gSA iqfyldfeZ;ksa us vfHk;qDr dks fxjÝrkj
rkfd mUgsa lsok ls fudkyk tk ldsA fd;k] ijarq tc ;g lekpkj foLrkfjr gqvk] rks jksf"kr
vkxs dh jkg HkhM+ iqfyl Fkkus esa ?kql vkbZ] vfHk;qDr dks pkSjkgs rd
?klhV dj ys xbZ vkSj mldh gR;k dj nhA blds ckn]
O;fDrxr ,oa is'ksoj thou ds chp varj cuk, j•uk ges'kk
HkhM+ xk;c gks xbZA
mfpr gksrk gSA çR;sd deZpkjh@dk;ZdÙkkZ dk dÙkZO; gS fd og laxBu
esa vuq'kklu ,oa f'k"Vrk dks cuk, j•sA lkFk gh ,d laxBu dks ;g ppkZ dhft;s fd fdl izdkj nks tulewg leku vijkèk
lqfuf'pr djuk pkfg;s fd ;kSu mRihM+u ds ekeyksa ls fuiVus ds fy;s ij nks fHkUu&fHkUu n`f"Vdks.k j[krs gSa\ ,d ekeys esa
çHkkoh dkjZokbZ dh tk,A izn'kZudkjh vfHk;qDr dks fjgk djkuk D;ksa pkgrs gSa] ogha

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 nwljs ekeys esa vfHk;qDr dh HkhM+ }kjk gR;k D;ksa dj nh vkxs dh jkg
tkrh gS\  (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
HkhM+ }kjk dh tkus okyh gR;k rFkk fgalk vc ek=k dkuwu ,oa
The rape and murder of two young girls in two distinct
parts of the country have shocked the nation. In the first O;oLFkk dh leL;k ugha jgh] cfYd ;g lekt esa c<+rh vlfg".kqrk
case, girl was allegedly raped and murdered by a police dh vfHkO;fDr gSA turk dks jk"Vª dh U;kf;d ç.kkyh ij fo'okl
officer to inflict fear among the victim’s community. gksuk pkfg;s vkSj U;k;ky;ksa }kjk vijkfèk;ksa dks fjgk ;k nafMr djus
When the accused police officer was arrested, a right
wing organization openly came in support of the accused nsuk pkfg;s_ vU;Fkk] iwokZxzgksa vFkok :f<+okfn;ksa ls çsfjr HkhM+ lekt
and carried a protest march as well as demanded the esa vlkeatL; dk dkj.k cu ldrh gSA
release of the accused. iz'u% ns'k esa dsna z ljdkj }kjk lfØ; :i ls unh&tksM+ks ifj;kstuk
Whereas in the second case, a girl was allegedly
abducted, raped and murdered by an Adivasi migrant
ij ”kksj fn;k tk jgk gSA vkidks unh&tksM+ks ifj;kstuk dh
worker. The police arrested the accused, but when this O;ogkfjdrk dk irk yxkus ds fy;s fo'ks"kK ewY;kadu lfefr
news spread, an irate mob barged into the police station, (bZ-,-lh-) esa ,d lnL; ds :i esa fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSA
dragged him to the main road and lynched the accused.
laHkkoukvksa ds los{Z k.k ds nkSjku irk pyrk gS fd ifj;kstuk
Thereafter, the mob disappeared.
Discuss how the two groups of people hold two different ls u dsoy ,d eq[;èkkjk ls nwj fo'kky tutkrh; lewg
perspectives on similar crimes? Why did the protestors izHkkfor gksxk] cfYd ;g jk"Vªh; m|ku ds :i esa ?kksf"kr {ks=k
in the first place want the accused to be released while ds cM+s Hkkx dks izfrdwy :i ls izHkkfor djsxkA tk¡p lfefr
the mob in other place want the accused to be lynched?
dks vki vius fopkjksa ls voxr djkrs gSa fdarq vkids
mÙkj% ;|fi nksuksa ekeyksa esa cykRdkj vkSj gR;k ds vijkèk ccZj
fopkjksa dks egÙo u nsrs gq, lfefr ds vU; lnL; vki ij
,oa vekuoh; gS] rFkkfi yksxksa dks vkijkfèkd U;k; ç.kkyh dh lkekU;
muds fopkjksa dk leFkZu djus dk ncko Mkyrs gSAa blds
çfØ;k dks udkjus vkSj vfHk;qDrksa dks nafMr djus ;k mudk leFkZu
vykok os vkidks vkfFkZd ykHk igqp ¡ kus dh ckr Hkh dgrs
djus dk dksbZ vfèkdkj ugha gSA
gSAa tc vki tk¡p dh okLrfodrk dk irk lacfa èkr ea=kh dks
uSfrd n`f"Vdks.k%
crkus dk iQSlyk djrs gSa rks vkidks irk pyrk gS fd ;g
z vjktdrk ea=kh ds b'kkjs ij gh gks jgk gS D;ksfa d blls mUgsa vuqfpr
z thou ds vfèkdkj dk mYya?ku ykHk izkIr gksus dh laHkkouk gSA
z lqj{kk çnku djus ds fy;s jkT; nkf;Ro dh O;qRifÙk
(a) blesa dkSu&dkSu ls uSfrd eqís 'kkfey gSa\
z lekt ds fofHkUu oxks± esa O;kIr vlfg".kqrk
(b) vkidh dk;Zokgh D;k gksxh vkSj D;ksa\
ekeyk&1
 (250 'kCn] 20 vad)
laxBu fo'ks'k us laHkor% vfHk;qDr iqfyl vfèkdkjh dk leFkZu The central government is actively pushing the
blfy;s fd;k D;ksafd og ,d mPp oxZ ,oa leqnk; ls gS vkSj ;g Interlinking of Rivers (ILR) programme in the country.
fuEu tkfr;ksa ij mPp tkfr;ksa ds gkoh gksus vkSj vius opZLo dks You have been appointed as a member of the Expert
cuk, j•us dk ,d mik; FkkA laxBu dks vfHk;qDr dk leFkZu djus Appraisal Committee (EAC) for ascertaining the
feasibility of river linking project.
dk iwjk vfèkdkj gS] ijarq mls iqfyl ij ncko cukus ,oa dkuwu&O;oLFkk
In the feasibility survey, it has been found that this
dks vius gkFk esa ysus ds ctk; dkuwuh dkjZokbZ dk lgkjk ysuk pkfg;sA project will not only affect the large tribal groups which
ekeyk&2 are away from mainstream but also adversely affect a
large part of the area that has been declared a national
;gk¡ vkfnoklh çoklh ,d ^lkekU;* O;fDr (og igys ekeys ds park. You make the Committee aware of your opinion
leku dksbZ iqfyl vfèkdkjh ugha Fkk) FkkA HkhM+ esa mlds fo#¼ jks"k but without giving importance to your opinion, other
Fkk D;ksafd og ,d vyx tkfr ;k fuEu tkfr dk çoklh dk;ZdÙkkZ members of the Committee pressurize you to support
FkkA blds vfrfjDr cykRdkj vkSj gR;k tSls t?kU; vijkèkksa ds vkjksiksa their views. Apart from this, they also offer you financial
benefits. When you decide to tell the reality of the
us HkhM+ dks gR;k vFkok fgalk ds fodYi dk p;u djus ds fy;s lgt investigation to the concerned minister then you came
cuk fn;kA nks"kh HkhM+ ihfM+r dks ,d lkFkh ds :i esa igpkuuk can to know that it is happening with the support of that
dj nsrh gS] tks mlds fo#¼ mudh Øwjrk dks oSèkrk çekf.kr djrk gSA minister.

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 (a) What are the ethical issues involved in this case? fxjkoV ds eq[; dkjdksa eas ls ,d gSA ;gk¡ vkfFkZd ykHk dh
(b) What will be your course of action and why? laHkkouk bZekunkjh] lR;fu"Bk ds fo#¼ rFkk i{kikr dh laHkkoukvksa
mÙkj (a) : nh xbZ dsl LVMh esa fuEufyf[kr uSfrd eqís 'kkfey gSa% dks mRiUu djrh gSA
z fodkl cuke i;kZoj.kh; uSfrdrk% unh tksM+ks ifj;kstuk dk z vuqikyu vkSj xousl ± dk eqík% fodkl ds lkFk i;kZoj.kh; dkuwu]
mís'; dY;k.k dks c<+kok nsuk gSA blds varxZr ljIyl ty okyh dY;k.kokn] lgdkfjrk] ukxfjd vfèkdkj vkfn eqís tqMs+ gSAa buds
ufn;ksa ds ikuh dks de ;k U;wu ty okyh ufn;ksa esa LFkkukarfjr fcuk xqM xousl ± vkSj ,fFkdy xousl ± dh izkfIr laHko ugha gSA
fd;k tk,xkA fdarq ;g i;kZoj.kh; uSfrdrk ds fo#¼ gSA blls mÙkj (b) : vkidh dk;Zokgh D;k gksxh vkSj D;ksa\
tSo fofoèkrk ds laj{k.k dks gkfu igq¡p jgh gSA tks u dsoy ogk¡ pw¡fd ;g ,d vR;ar laosnu'khy eqík gS] ftleas vusd oxks± ds
ds thfor oU; thoks a ds fy;s vfirq i;kZ o j.kh; fgr tqM+s gSaA vr% esjh dkjZokbZ fuEu izdkj gksxh%
vod"kZ.k dks c<+kok nsxkA z eSa loZizFke fdlh Hkh vkfFkZd ykHk dh laHkkouk dks lekIr djrs
z fodkl cuke tutkrh; lewgksa ds vfèkdkj% ;|fi ufn;ksa dks gq, vius er ij MVk jgwaxkA
tksM+us ls fodkl dks c<+kok feysxk fdarq fdlh ,d oxZ ds z blds ckn eSa vuqu; (Persuasion) dk iz;ksx djrs gq, muds er
vfèkdkjksa dh dher ij nwljs yksxksa dks ykHk igq¡puk uSfrd ugha dks ifjofrZr djus dh dksf'k'k d:axkA fiQj Hkh ;fn og ifj;kstuk
dgk tk ldrk gSA fofoèkrk dk lEeku djuk uSfrd n`f"V ls ds lacèa k esa vuqefr nsrs gSa rkS eSa vU; fodYiksa ij dk;Zokgh d:axkA
mRÑ"V gSA pw¡fd tutkrh; lewg vHkh Hkh lekt dh eq[;èkkjk
z eSa lacafèkr losZ{k.kksa ds okLrfod MkVkvksa dks jk"Vªh; gfjr
ls vyx gSa mudh viuh laLÑfr vkSj ewY; gSaA os bl fodkl
U;k;kfèkdj.k vkSj vuqlfw pr tutkrh; deh'ku dks vizR;{k :i ls
dh izfØ;k ls izHkkfor gksaxsA vr% bls uSfrd ugha dgk tk ldrkA
izsf"kr djus dk iz;kl d:axk rkfd okLrfod rF;ksa ij dkjZokbZ
z Hkz"Vkpkj dk eqík% orZeku eas Hkz"Vkpkj dh leL;k uSfrdrk eas gks ldsA

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