26

12. Mx of pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland in a 50 yr old man that has

started growing rapidly in last two months. Radical parotidectomy. 5+5
Jun 2015
13. Enumerate low and high grade parotid tumors. Describe the
management of high grade parotid tumor presenting with facial palsy/
Treatment of high grade tumors. Jun 2009; Dec 2009
14. Warthins tumor. Jun 2001
15. Acute parotitis. Jun 2004

❼ CHEST

1) What is flail chest? Describe its pathology. How will you manage a case of
flail chest? 2+3+5 Dec 2012
2) Enumerate various types of chest wall injuries. How would you manage a
case of 50 yr old man with flail chest? Dec 2011
3) Surgical treatment of flail chest. Dec 2010
4) Management of flail chest. Dec 2010
5) Surgical treatment of 25 yr old lady with cervical rib. Dec 2010
6) Boundaries of thoracic inlet. Clinical features of cervical rib? Jun 2006
7) Classify thoracic outlet syndromes. Clinical features & Mx of cervical rib.
2+3+5 Apr 2016.
8) Thoracic outlet syndrome. Describe the etiopathogenesis and Mx of
thoracic outlet syndrome. FAT 2017; Jun 2011; Jun 2001
9) Boundaries of thoracic inlet? How would you manage a young boy with dry
gangrene of tip of index finger? 3+7 Jun 2017
10) Anatomy of mediastinum. Management of primary mediastinal tumor in
anterior mediastinum. Dec 2005
11) Surgical Rx of coronary artery disease. Dec 2010
12) What are causes of chylothorax? Dx & Mx of chylothorax. 3+2+5 Dec 2015
13) Etiopathogenesis, C/F & Mx of empyema thoracis. 2+4+4 Apr 2016
14) Classification of mediastinal neoplasms. Dec 2006
15) C/F and management of Thymoma.
16) Role of surgery in treatment of pulmonary TB. Jun 2010
17) Solitary pulmonary nodule. Jun 2005
18) Oncological emergencies. Dec 2002
19) Solitary hydatid cyst of lung. Dec 2000
 27

SYSTEMIC SURGERY

❶ BREAST

1) Normal breast development. Pathophysiology of gynecomastia. Rx of

gynecomastia. 3+3+4 Dec 2016
2) Discuss role of imaging modalities used in breast ca. Describe image guided
biopsy of an impalpable breast lesion. 6+4 Jun 2014; Jun 2009; Dec 2003
3) Write short note on triple assessment in breast disease in breast Ca.
comment on BIRADS scoring. 7+3 FAT 2016/b. Triple assessment? Jun
2008
4) What is triple assessment? How will you manage a case of LABC in 45 yr
female?
5) Mammography (10 marks) Jun 2001
6) Classify and give various types of nipple discharge. Describe briefly surgical
procedures for treating nipple discharge. 5+5 Jun 2014
7) Surgical anatomy of breast. Jun 2013
8) Describe lymphatic drainage of breast. What is sentinel node? How is
sentinel L.N biopsy done? Its indications and methods. Jun 2005; Jun 2003;
Dec 2003; Jun 2002; Dec 2007; Jun 2006;
9) Mastalgia (5). Jun 2013; Jun 2011.
10) Benign breast diseases. Dec 2000
11) Duct ectasia (5) Jun 2013. Pathology, clinical features, management (10).
Jun 2011; Dec 2007
12) Discuss Phylloides tumor/cystosarcoma phylloides. Jun 2005; Dec 2000
13) Diagnosis and management of a non palapable breast lesion. Dec 2006;
Jun 2001
14) Management of 16 yr old girl with a 10x10 cm lobulated/bosselated
swelling/mass in the left breast. Jun 2010
15) Mx of 4x4 cm sized malignant lump in left breast of a 75 yr old lady. Jun
2016
16) Ca breast- Risk factors & risk assessment models. Screening for breast Ca.
Principles of cancer prevention. 4+3+3 Dec 2016
17) Principles of Mx of ductal & lobular ca-in situ. Principles of sentinel lymph
node biopsy in breast Ca. Dec 2017
 28

18) What are basic requirements for cancer screening? Describe the methods
of breast screening, advantages and disadvantages? Dec 2008
19) Etiopathogenesis of breast cancer. Comment on screening for breast Ca.
6+4 Fat 2015
20) Discuss the Mx of T3N0M0 Breast Ca in a 35 yr old lady. FAT 2016/b
21) Anatomical basis of physical signs (all possible) in a case of carcinoma
breast. Jun 2013
22) Ductal Ca in Situ. Jun 2009
23) How would you manage a 70 yr old lady with 5x5 cm lump in right breast
with palpable ipsilateral axillary Lymphadenopathy? Jun 2017
24) Discuss anatomical basis of various clinical features of Ca breast and also
enumerate the structures removed in various types of mastectomies? Jun
2006
25) Describe lymphatic drainage of breast and discuss treatment of Ca Breast
T2N1M0. Jun 2002
26) What is LABC? Approach to Ix and Management of LABC (Locally
advanced breast Ca)? 2+3+5 Apr 2016; Jun 2008; Dec 2007
27) C/F & Mx of inflammatory breast Ca. 4+6 Jun 2015
28) What are various levels of L.N in axilla? What are types of L.N dissection?
Dec 2010
29) Discuss prognostic factors in Ca Breast. 10 marks (Dec 2007; Dec 2001).
What are contraindications of breast conservative surgery? 4+6 Dec 2013
30) Describe the diagnostic approach to a 2cm breast lesion in a 35 yr old lady.
What are the principles of breast conservation surgery? 5+5 Jun 2012
31) Describe various skin flaps used in breast reconstruction. 10 Jun 2012;
Dec 2008
32) Discuss role and indications of breast conservation surgery (BCS) for Ca
Breast? Briefly discuss the principles of BCS. 4+6 Dec 2012; Dec 2010; Jun
2007; Jun 2000 Breast conservative surgery (10 marks) Dec 2004; Dec
2003.
33) What is the role of Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in Mx of Ca breast? Mx of
80 yr old lady with 3x3 cm Ca in the central quadrant of left breast? 3+7
Dec 2015.
34) What are the principles of chemotherapy? Discuss the chemotherapy used
for Ca breast. 5+5 Dec 2014
 29

35) What are various techniques of breast reconstruction? Discuss briefly the
types and pros & cons of early vs. late reconstruction. 2+6+2 FAT 2016/a.
Role of breast reconstruction in Ca breast. 10 marks Jun 2010
36) Enumerate indications of BCS. Briefly describe the operative and
prosthetic options for breast reconstruction after mastectomy. Dec 2011
37) Anatomical boundaries of axillary dissection. Jun 2008
38) Role of reconstruction of breast in Ca Breast.
39) Role of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in breast. Dec 2010
40) Role of hormonal therapy in Ca breast. Dec 2009; Dec 2000
41) Role of aromatase inhibitors in Ca Breast. Jun 2010
42) Enumerate causes of gynecomastia. What is the differential diagnosis?
Give algorithm for management of gynecomastia. 4+3+3 Dec 2014 4+6 Jun
2012; Jun 2006
 30

❷ THYROID

1) Describe the development of thyroid gland an physiological cycle of

thyroxine synthesis. Write in brief the treatment of medullary Ca thyroid.
Jun 2000
2) Discuss surgical anatomy of thyroid (4). What are complications of thyroid
surgeries (3)? Management of surgical complications (3). Jun 2011; Jun
2002
3) Describe blood supply of thyroid gland. What are intraoperative
complications of total thyroidectomy? Dec 2009
4) Complications of total thyroidectomy. How will you manage
hypoparathyroidism following total thyroidectomy? 5+5 Jun 2016
5) Describe surgical anatomy of recurrent laryngeal nerve and how will it get
injured. Dec 2008
6) Nerve injuries in thyroid surgery? Dec 2007
7) Describe the development of thyroid gland. How would you manage 16 yr
old girl with suspected thyroglossal cyst? Dec 2010
8) Lingual thyroid. Dec 2000
9) Thyroid storm (5). Jun 2013; Dec 2005
10) Discuss principles of treatment of thyrotoxicosis. Dec 2013
11) Describe etiopathology of nodular goiter. Discuss in brief the
complications that can occur in thyroid surgery. 6+4 Dec 2012
12) Retrosternal goiter (5) and its management. Jun 2013; Dec 2004
13) Management of primary thyrotoxicosis? Jun 2006
14) Various etiological factors for STN of thyroid. How will you manage a case
of solitary nodule of thyroid in a 30 yr old male patient? 2+8 Apr 2016; 3+7
FAT 2017.
15) Enumerate the causes of STN. Mx of a 50 yr old man presenting with STN
of 3 months duration. 2+8 Dec 2015
16) Outline the approach to Mx of STN. What is the optimum Mx of a 35 yr old
lady with 3cm nodule in the right lobe of thyroid which on investigation
proves to be medullary Ca thyroid? 5+5 Jun 2015
17) Pathophysiology & Ix of STN. Role of medical therapy of benign thyroid
nodule. 3+4+3 Dec 2016
18) Discuss the Ix & Mx of Solitary thyroid nodule. 5+5 FAT 2016/b
19) Management of multinodular goiter with atrial fibrillation. Jun 2010
 31

20) Solitary toxic thyroid nodule/toxic thyroid nodule/Solitary thyroid nodule

and its management. Dec 2008; Jun 2004; Jun 2002; Dec 2002
21) What is toxic nodule of thyroid? How will you investigate & treat such a
case? 2+3+5 Dec 2014
22) Treatment of grave’s disease. Jun 2003
23) Pre operative of a thyrotoxic patient for surgery. Principles of Mx of well
differentiated thyroid cancer. Dec 2017
24) What are common drugs used in treating thyrotoxicosis. How will you
prepare a patient with thyrotoxicosis for surgery? Operations done for
thyrotoxicosis. How will you manage thyroid crisis. Jun 2005; Dec 2002
25) Thyroidectomies. What are its complications? Briefly describe the role of
total thyroidectomy in management of various thyroid disorders. Dec 2011
26) Role of radio iodine in management of thyroid disorders? Dec 2009
27) Classify thyroid malignancies. How will you treat a case of medullary Ca
thyroid? 2+8 Jun 2012; Jun 2005. Classify thyroid malignancies. Comment
on role of nuclear imaging in their diagnosis. 5+5 FAT 2015
28) Discuss staging and management of well differentiated thyroid cancers.
Jun 2007
29) Management of follicular Ca thyroid. Dec 2006
30) Etiology, Diagnosis, treatment of papillary Ca thyroid. Jun 2001
31) What is MEN syndrome? Types? What are the Mx strategies in a 28 yr old
female with neck swelling in thyroid region & HTN? Write an algorithm.
4+6 FAT 2017
 32

❸ PARATHYROID GLAND

1. Describe the embryology and anatomy of parathyroid glands. Discuss

localization techniques and management options in lesions of parathyroid.
4+6 Jun 2014
2. Briefly describe the development of parathyroid glands. Describe the various
investigations used to localize the parathyroid adenoma pre-operatively. 3+7
Dec 2011
3. Management of 20 yr old/30 yr old female with hyperthyroidism. Dec 2009;
Jun 2008
4. What is MEN syndrome? C/F of hyperparathyroidism. Various methods of
localizing a parathyroid adenoma. 2+5+3 Jun 2015
5. How would you investigate a patient with suspected hyper-parathyroidism?
Jun 2006
6. Clinical manifestations, Dx & Mx of primary hyperparathyroidism. Apr 2016;
Dec 2005
7. Parathyroid adenoma. Jun 2006; Investigations used for localization of
parathyroid adenoma? Dec 2006
8. Management of a 16 yr old girl with recent onset severe arteriolar
hypertension. Jun 2010
9. How would you manage a 30 yr old lady with hypercalcemia with S.Ca2+ of
15mg/dl and increased levels of serum parathyroid hormone? Jun 2017
 33

❹ ADRENAL GLANDS

1. Biochemical assessment of a functional adrenal tumor. Classification of

endocrine tumors of pancreas. Follow-up of a patient of medullary ca
thyroid. Dec 2017
2. Discuss the etiopathology, clinical features, investigations (lab and
radiological findings) and pre operative preparation and management of a
case of pheochromocytoma. 3+3+4 Dec 2016; 4+3+3 Dec 2014; 2+4+2 Jun
2012; Dec 2009; Dec 2008; Jun 2007; Dec 2005
3. How would you investigate a case of suspected pheochromocytoma?
Briefly describe the pre-operative preparation and intra-operative
complications in a case of pheochromocytoma. 3+4+3 Dec 2012
4. How would you pre-operatively manage a 30 yr old lady with malignant
HTN due to adrenal pheochromocytoma-(PCC)? Dec 2011; Dec 2008
5. Define incidentaloma. How would you manage a 40 yr old lady with
2x2cm incidentaloma of left adrenal gland? Jun 2015; Jun 2017; Dec 2010;
2006; Dec 2005
6. What are incidentalomas? Clinical features, Ix & Mx of PCC-
pheochromocytoma. 2+2+3+3 Apr 2016
7. Biochemical diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome. Clinical features of
Cushings. Surgical approach to adrenal gland. Jun 2005; Dec 2002
8. Enumerate the surgical causes of hypertension. How would you
investigate a case of hypertension associated with an adrenal mass? 3+7
Jun 2016
9. What are the causes of secondary HTN? Ix & Mx of a 20 yr old lady with
suspected pheochromocytoma. 3+3+4 Dec 2015
 34

❺ VASCULAR DISORDERS

 ARTERIAL DISORDERS

1. How will you investigate and treat a case of chronic limb ischemia?
Chronic limb ischemia. 4+6 Jun 2014
2. Regarding chronic lower limb ischemia:
Dec 2016 3+2+5
a. Role of imaging Ix
b. D/D of intermittent claudication
c. Principles of Rx of critical limb ischemia.
3. Vascular anomalies and its management. Jun 2013
4. In a patient of DM with foot infection:
Dec 2016 3+3+4
a. Clinical evaluation of the patient
b. Principles of Rx of foot infection
c. Prevention of recurrence
5. Describe etiology, pathophysiology of diabetic foot. Dec 2013; Principles
of management of diabetic foot? Dec 2008; Jun 2008; Dec 2003; Jun 2007
6. Write short notes on Diabetic foot and telemedicine in surgery. 5+5 FAT
2016/b
7. Describe pathophysiology of diabetic foot. How will you screen a newly
detected DM patient for risk factors of developing an ulcer? 5+5 FAT
2017/a
8. Pathology and management of Diabetic gangrene? Dec 2007
9. Drugs used in DM 1 & 2. Clinical features of diabetic keto acidosis
Management of diabetic foot with critical limb ischemia. Dec 2005
10. C/F of thrombangitis obliterans. Importance of ankle-brachial pressure
index. Mx of acute arterial embolism of the limbs. Dec 2017
11. Buerger’s disease. Etiology, diagnosis and treatment. Dec 2004; Dec
2007; Jun 2001
12. What are the causes of PVD (peripheral vascular diseases)? How will you
treat a case of buerger’s disease? 3+7 Jun 2012
13. What is Raynaud’s phenomenon & Raynaud’s disease? Name the Ix you
will use to diagnose. How will you treat Raynaud’s disease? 3+2+5 Dec
2014
 35

14. Different therapeutic interventions available for peripheral arterial

disease due to atherosclerosis. Apr 2016
15. Describe the surgical anatomy of sympathetic supply of lower limb.
Briefly discus the role of sympathectomy in chronic limb ischemia. 5+5
Dec 2012
16. How will you investigate and treat a case of chronic limb ischemia? 4+6
FAT 2015
17. Enumerate causes of chronic limb ischemia. How will you investigate 40
yr old male with a dry gangrene of Right big toe? Dec 2010; Mx of a 40 yr
old lady with upper limb ischemia. 3+7 Jun 2015
18. Management of 25 yr old lady with chronic ischemia of upper limb? Jun
2008
19. Management of 40 yr old lady with arterial insufficiency of right hand.
Jun 2010
20. Define critical limb ischemia. Briefly describe the management of 30 yr
old diabetic with critically ischemic lower limb. 2+8 Dec 2011; Dec 2009
21. Causes, investigations and management of critical limb ischemia. Jun
2013
22. Lumbar sympathectomy in ischemic limb? Jun 2006
23. Thromboarterectomy for peripheral vessels. Dec 2000
24. Surgical management of 25 yr old female with cervical rib. Dec 2010
25. Vascular trauma. Investigations and management. Dec 2002
26. Classify aneurysms. Enumerate the clinical features of post traumatic
femoral aneurysm? Jun 2007
27. Infrarenal aortic aneurysm. Dec 2001
28. Pathophysiology of AV fistula. Jun 2010
29. C/F of AV fistula. State the investigative work-up for such patients along
with interpretation of investigation findings. Principles of Mx of AV fistula.
4+3+3 Jun 2017
30. Clinical features of an AV fistula in the thigh region. Diagnosis and
management in such a case. 4+3+3 Jun 2016

 AMPUTATION
o Meningo amputation. June 2002
o Syme’s amputation. Jun 2002
 36

 VENOUS DISORDERS
1. Briefly describe the surgical anatomy and physiology of venous return of
the lower limb - with diagram. Jun 2006 (Venous drainage of lower limb.
10 marks- Jun 2013). Enumerate treatment options/management
outlines/ operations done with their indications for treating varicose
veins of lower limbs. 5+5 Jun 2014; Dec 2007; Jun 2007; Jun 2005; Dec
2002. Management of recurrent varicose veins (10 marks). Dec 2006.
Complications of varicose veins. 2 marks. Dec 2012
2. Enumerate complications of varicose veins. How will you treat a case of
varicose ulcer? 3+7 Dec 2014
3. Investigations done for assessment of varicose veins along with findings.
Newer techniques for the treatment of varicose veins. 7+3 Dec 2015
4. Minimal invasive methods used in Rx of varicose veins. Jun 2016
5. Chronic venous insufficiency. Treatment of venous ulcer of the ankle. Dec
2017
6. Draw a labelled diagram depicting anatomy of the superficial and deep
veins of lower limbs. Fat 2015
7. Describe the etiology/pathology, factors for development, clinical features
and treatment of a venous ulcer. Apr 2016; 2+3+5. Jun 2003; Dec 2003;
Jun 2006
8. Enumerate causes of foot ulcers. How will you investigate? Discuss the
management of varicose ulcer. 3+3+4 Jun 2011; Jun 2010
9. Assessment of patient with chronic venous ulcer and its management. 5+5
Jun 2013
10. Etiopathogenesis of a non healing ulcer. Mx of suppurating non
healing ulcer. 5+5 Jun 2015
11. Management of non healing ulcer on left foot in a diabetic patient. Jun
2010
12. Enumerate the indications for thromboprophylaxis in surgery. How
would you manage a patient who has undergone coronary bypass surgery,
and is on anti-platelets & aspirin and is to undergo laparoscopic
cholecystectomy? 3+7 Jun 2017
13. What are the causes & risk factors for thrombo-embolism? How will you
manage a case of DVT? Apr 2016 Dec 2013; Dec 2005
14. Pathophysiology of DVT. Principles of its prevention. Mx of a patient with
acute lower limb DVT. 3+3+4 Dec 2016
 37

15. How do you stratify the risk factors of DVT? What prophylactic measures
do you take to prevent DVT in pre-op, intra op and post op patients? 4+6
FAT 2017/a
16. Etiopathology & Risk factors for development of DVT. Clinical
features/presentation suggestive of DVT and its possible complications.
Discuss various diagnostic tests to establish diagnosis of DVT in 65 yr old
lady. Describe management of this patient. Fat 2016/b; 4+3+3 Jun 2011;
Dec 2004.
17. Management of 30 yr old lady with post partum DVT? Dc 2009
18. Discuss prophylaxis and treatment of DVT? Dec 2008; Jun 2008; Dec
2006
19. Treatment of ileo-femoral DVT. Jun 2006
20. Briefly describe management of a young soldier with a 3.3cm ulcer just
above medial malleolus. Dec 2011
21. Use of intravenous filters in fluid management of critically ill patients.
Dec 2001.

 LYMPHATIC DISORDDERS
1. Classify lymphedema. List the symptoms frequently experienced by
patients with this problem. Enumerate general management advice for
these patients with this problem. 5+2+3 Jun 2014
2. Pathophysiology & C/F of lower limb lymphedema. Principles of Dx & Mx
of lower limb lymphedema. Apr 2016; 2+2+2+4 Dec 2016
3. Etiology, pathology and surgical management of lymphedema. 3+3+4 Dec
2013. Briefly discuss the surgical options in Rx of lymphedema. Dec 2010.
4. Management of lymphedema of lower limb. Jun 2007; Dec 2002.
5. Secondary lymphedema. Dec 2000
6. Enumerate causes for generalized Lymphadenopathy. Describe
classification and staging of Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). Treatment
of NHL. 3+5+2 Jun 2011. Investigation workup before starting treatment.
Jun 2010
7. Staging of Hodgkin’s disease & investigative workup before starting
therapy. Jun 2010
8. Describe classification of lymphoma? Jun 2007
9. Draw capillary fluid exchange at tissue level. Describe the mechanism of
edema formation. Dec 2009
 38

❻ ABDOMINAL WALL, HERNIA & UMBILICUS

1. Describe the anatomy of femoral canal. How will you treat a case of
strangulated hernia? 3+7 Dec 2014; 3+7 Dec 2013
2. How would you diagnose a case of femoral hernia? Mention briefly the
common procedures available for its treatment. 3+7 Jun 2011; Jun 2000
3. Classify ventral hernias. Briefly describe use of synthetic mesh in the
repair of Incisional hernias. Enumerate various techniques of Incisional
hernia repair. 2+6+2 Dec 2012; discuss various techniques in Mx of
ventral hernias. FAT 2016/a
4. Briefly discuss the various types of various type of prosthesis used in
treatment of abdominal hernias. Dec 2011
5. Classify the meshes used for repair of hernia. List contraindications for
total extra peritoneal laparoscopic repair for inguinal hernia. Enumerate
the complications following TEP lap repair for inguinal hernia. 3+3+4
Jun 2017
6. Describe the anatomy relevant to laparoscopic total extraperitoneal
repair of inguinal hernia. Enumerate various landmarks to be identifies
and their importance in laparoscopic hernia repair. 4+6 Dec 2011
7. What are the risk scoring systems used by anaesthetist in high risk
patients? How will you manage a case of strangulated inguinal hernia in
a patient with recent MI? 3+7 FAT 2017
8. Surgical anatomy of rectus sheath with reference to Incisional hernia.
Dec 2009
9. Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Principles and steps. Dec 2010; Jun
2003
10. Anatomy of inguinal canal with surgical prospective. Jun 2009
11. Discuss anatomy of inguinal canal relevant to repair of inguinal hernia
by open method. Mention the types of hernia repair. Outline
complications following hernia repair. Dec 2004
12. Reduction en masse in inguinal hernia. Various repairs for inguinal
hernias. 2+8 Jun 2015
13. Describe the laparoscopic anatomy of inguinal region. What are the
various repairs & its complications in inguinal hernias? Dec 2017; 5+5
FAT 2017.
 39

14. Clinical features of sliding inguinal hernia. Incarcerated incisional

hernias. Dec 2017
15. Strangulated inguinal hernia. Dec 2002
16. Richter’s hernia. Jun 2001
17. Describe the "Spring Coil" effect in relevance to the closure of
abdomen. Describe "mass closure" technique for abdomen. What is a
"Laparotomy"? Jun 2011

❼ PERITONEUM, OMENTUM, MESENTRY &

RETROPERITONEAL SPACE
1. Describe the pathophysiology of peritoneal adhesions. Discuss briefly
various steps to minimize and manage peritoneal adhesions. Peritoneal
adhesions. 4+6 Jun 2014; Mx of patients with recurrent adhesive bowel
obstruction. Dec 2016
2. Enumerate the subphrenic spaces- draw labelled diagram(s). Describe the
clinical features and management of a case with pelvic collection. Dec
2009. Mx of a patient with subphrenic abscess & its complications. 6+4
Dec 2015; Jun 2011
3. What are various subphrenic spaces and their importance in surgical
practice? 5+5
4. Retroperitoneal mesenchymal tumos? Jun 2009
5. Urachal cyst. Dec 2000
6. What is HIPEC- hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy? Indications
for HIPEC. Complications of HIPEC. 2+3+5 Jun 2017
 40

ABDOMEN
❶ ESOPHAGUS
1. Describe the lower oesophageal sphincter. Briefly discuss the investigations
to evaluate its function. 3+7 Jun 2014
2. Classify trachea-oesophageal fistula and outline their management. 3+7 Jun
2012
3. What are the types of TOF in newborn? Its C/F, Ix, Mx of Tracheo-
oesophageal fistula (TOF). 3+2+5 FAT 2017; Jun 2009; Jun 2008
4. C/F, Ix, Mx of a neonate with TOF with oesophageal atresia. Dec 2003
5. Describe the lymphatic drainage of esophagus and its surgical importance.
6+4 Dec 2012
6. Enumerate clinical features of oesophageal perforation. How would you
manage a 15 yr old child with oesophageal perforation following dilatation?
3+7 Dec 2011
7. Management of a 4 yr girl with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Jun 2008;
Dec 2005
8. Diagnosis and Mx of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. Jun 2013
9. Effects of acids vs. alkali on upper GI. Describe the Mx of such injuries. Dec
2009
10. Describe the pathophysiology of injury following ingestion of strong alkali.
How is it different from acid injury? Briefly discuss the Ix & Rx of patients
with corrosive oesophageal injury. 2+2+2+4 Dec 2012
11. Etiology, diagnosis, treatment of achalasia cardia. Dec 2005. Merits and
demerits of various therapeutic options of achalasia cardia. Jun 2006;
Principles of medical & surgical Mx. Dec 2016.
12. Enumerate causes of dysphagia in a young lady. Treatment of ‘Corrosive
injury of esophagus’. 3+7 Jun 2016. Ix of a 60 yr old man with dysphagia.
3+7 Dec 2015
13. Etiology, features, Mx of benign oesophageal strictures. Dec 2007
14. What is GERD? Discuss etiology and clinical features. How would you
manage an uncomplicated GERD? 2+3+5 Dec 2013; Dec 2004; Jun 2005.
Discuss surgical options available for management of GERD with their
indications. 4+6 Jun 2012; Jun 2007
15. List the indications for Sx in oesophageal reflux disease. Principles of Sx for
GERD. 3+7 Jun 2017
 41

16. Define Barert’s esophagus. Discuss its management. Dec 2008; Jun 2008;
Dec 2006.
17. Surgical anatomy of Hiatus and antireflux procedures. Dec 2003
18. Lymphatic drainage of esophagus. Clinical features of Ca Esophagus.
Investigation of a patient of Ca esophagus. 3+3+4 Jun 2011. Management of
an unresectable Ca esophagus. 10 marks Dec 2006
19. How would you manage a case of 40 yr old lady with dysphagia more to
liquids than solids? Dec 2010
20. Describe mechanism of swallowing. Enumerate causes of dysphagia. Mx of
lower third oesophageal Ca. Jun 2003
21. Merits and demerits of gastric vs. Colonic conduit for oesophageal
replacement. Jun 2017
22. Blood supply of colon and anatomical basis of construction of colonic
conduits for replacement of esophagus. Jun 2010

❷ STOMACH AND DUODENUM

1. Describe the pathophysiology of pyloric stenosis and electrolyte imbalances
in this condition. Dec 2013
2. Enumerate metabolic complications of pyloric stenosis. How would you
pre-operatively manage a 35 yr old man with pyloric obstruction? Dec 2011
3. Etiopathology, Mx of pyloric stenosis of infancy. Dec 2009
4. Clinical features and Mx of CHPS (congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis).
Dec 2010
5. Metabolic complications of GOO. How will you investigate such a case? 6+4
Jun 2016
6. Pathophysiology and Mx of fluid electrolyte balance in GOO (Jun 2008; Jun
2010). Mx of 55 yr old man with gastric outlet obstruction? Dec 2010
7. Describe blood supply of stomach. Discuss Mx of a bleeding peptic ulcer.
3+7 Jun 2014; Dec 2005
8. What are the indications for Sx for duodenal ulcer? Various methods
available and their advantages & disadvantages. 2+2+6 Apr 2016
9. Clinical feature of duodenal ulcer preparation. Barrett’s esophagus. Dec
2017
10. Complications of peptic acid disease. Mx of dumping syndrome after
gastrectomy. Borrmann classification of gastric cancer. Dec 2017
 42

11. H.Pylori. 10marks. Jun 2002

12. Define upper GI bleeding. Enumerate the causes. Discuss the Mx of bleeding
esophageal varices. 2+3+5 Jun 2011; Dec 2005.
13. Enlist causes of upper GI bleeding. Mx of obscure GI hemorrhage in a 50 yr
old lady. 3+7 Jun 2015
14. Define obscure GI hemorrhage. List the various causes & briefly discuss the
investigations of obscure GI hemorrhage. 2+3+5 Dec 2012.
15. How would you Mx a 30 yr old lady who has been on analgesics for
rheumatoid arthritis, admitted with massive upper GI bleed? Jun 2017
16. Discuss the differential diagnosis and Mx of non variceal upper GI bleed.
Dec 2000
17. Define lower GI bleeding. Enumerate the causes. Describe Mx of “Obscure
GI hemorrhage” in a 60 yr old man. Describe briefly capsule endoscopy.
3+4+3 Jun 2011
18. Discuss late complications following surgery for peptic ulcer. Jun 2005
19. Describe anatomy of abdominal vagus nerve. Different types of vagal
innervations. Complications of different types of vagotomy. Dec 2000
Complications of Highly selective vagotomy. Dec 2000
20. Blood supply of stomach. Etiological risk factors for adenocarcinoma of
stomach. Principles of surgical Rx & types of gastrectomies. 2+2+6 Dec
2016
21. Describe the lymphatic drainage of stomach. Dec 2009; Dec 2004. What are
different levels of lymphadenectomy in gastrectomy for Ca stomach? Dec
2004; Dec 2009
22. What is lymphatic drainage of stomach? How would you stage Ca stomach?
Mx of advanced Ca stomach in brief. 3+3+4 Fat 2016/a. What is D2
gastrectomy? 4+6 Dec 2014.
23. Post gastrectomy complications? Dec 2005
24. Define early gastric Ca. Dx & Mx of early gastric Ca. 2+4+4 Dec 2015
25. Etiology of gastric Ca. Dec 2006. Mx of gastric Ca. Jun 2004.
26. Early gastric Ca. Dec 2004; Dec 2005
27. Linitis plastica. Dec 2001
28. Non epithelial malignant tumors of stomach. Jun 2000; Jun 2002
29. What is GIST? Describe its etiopathogenesis. How will you manage a case of
GIST of stomach? 2+2+6 FAT 2017; 2+8 Jun 2012. Pathology, Dx, Mx of
GIST. 3+2+5 Jun 2013; Dec 2006; Dec 2003
30. MALT lymphomas. Dec 2006
 43

❸ SMALL BOWEL
1. Diagnostic work up of a patient with Obscure GI hemorrhage? Jun 2007;
Dec 2006; Jun 2001.
2. Surgical anatomy of peritoneum & factors favouring development of diffuse
peritonitis & its complications. Jun 2013.
Describe etiology of acute bacterial peritonitis. Discuss the investigations &
treatment of acute bacterial peritonitis. 2+4+4 Dec 2012
3. Classify cephalosporins. Which one would you chose & why in case of
peritonitis. Jun 2012
4. Differential diagnosis of a freely mobile lump in the abdomen? How will you
manage such a case? 5+5 Jun 2012
5. Factors influencing GI Anastomotic healing? Jun 2005
6. Essentials of safe bowel Anastomosis? Dec 2007
7. Mesenteric artery occlusion. Jun 2003
8. Briefly discuss the presentation & Mx of acute mesenteric artery
thrombosis. 5+5 FAT 2016/b
9. Describe briefly the role for sentinel L.N biopsy in GI cancers. Dec 2003
10. Mesenteric artery occlusion. Jun 2013
11. Bowel preparation in elective colonic surgery? Jun 2010. Its advantages
and disadvantages. Jun 2009; Dec 2007; Dec 2000
12. Briefly describe merits and demerits of various methods of bowel
preparation in surgical practice (10). Dec 2011.
13. Role and techniques of pre-op bowl preparation of bowel in patients
scheduled for elective colonic surgery. Jun 2006
14. Define “SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME”. What are its causes? Role of Sx in Mx
of SBS. Jun 2016. Pathophysiology of metabolic abnormalities in massive
small bowel resection (3+2+5 Dec 2015; Jun 2010; Jun 2006; Dec 2004; Dec
2001). What are their sequels? Name the procedures that can be done to
treat such a case. 2+3+5 Dec 2013; Dec 2009; Dec 2007.
Pathophysiologic changes seen in short bowel syndrome & how do you
manage it? 2+8 FAT 2017
15. Discuss causes and clinical features of EC Fistula (entero cutaneous
fistula). Discuss the management. 5+5 Jun 2011
16. What are the biochemical changes produced in a case of ileal fistula? How
will you treat such a case? 6+4 Jun 2012
 44

17. Define complex anal fistula. How would you manage a 20 yr old man with
complex anal fistula? 2+8 Dec 2011
18. Classify umbilical fistula. Discuss in brief the investigations and treatment
of urachus. 3+7 Dec 2011
19. How would you manage a 25 yr old man who started having fever 48 hrs
after repair of duodenal perforation? Dec 2011
20. Management of a young man with EC fistula following appendicectomy?
Jun 2010
21. Classification and diagnostic workup of a patient with entero cutaneous
fistula. Jun 2007
22. How will you manage a patient of duodenal fistula following failure of
repair of duodenal perforation? Jun 2006
23. How will you manage the nutrition in a patient of high output EC fistula?
Dec 2008
24. Enteral fistula. Jun 2001
25. What is abdominal compartment syndrome? Etiology, pathophysiology,
clinical features, diagnosis/Ix & Mx of abdominal compartment syndrome.
3+2+5 Dec 2015; FAT 2017/a; Dec 2010; Jun 2010; Jun 2008; Jun 2007; Dec
2006; Jun 2004; Dec 2004
26. Abdominal compartment syndrome. Enumerate methods to control
hemorrhage from a lacerated liver. Enumerate risk factors for deep venous
thrombosis in post op patient. 3+3+4 Dec 2017
27. Enumerate causes of burst abdomen? How would you manage a 30 yr old
female with burst abdomen following surgery for perforation peritonitis?
Dec 2010; Jun 2008: Jun 2005. Discuss factors causing burst abdomen after
laparotomy? Jun 2006. Dehiscence of laparotomy wound-Burst abdomen.
Jun 2000.
28. Gases used for creating pneumoperitoneum? Jun 2016. Write short note
on physiological effects of pneumoperitoneum? Jun 2006. Complications of
pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic surgery. Jun 2016; Jun 2000
29. Amoeba and enteric perforation. 5+5 Jun 2013
30. Intestinal complication of enteric fever and their management? Jun 2008
31. What is GUT barrier function? Discuss bacterial translocation in surgical
patients? Jun 2007
32. Discuss etiology, pathology, diagnosis & Mx of intestinal & abdominal TB?
Fat 2015; Jun 2000
 45

33. Newer modalities in diagnosis of abdominal TB/Investigative work-up of

abdominal TB. Dec 2006; Dec 2004
34. Clinical types of abdominal TB. How would you Mx 30 yr old lady who has
been on ATT and is admitted with acute peritonitis? 5+5 Jun 2017
35. Describe developmental anatomy, clinical features, investigation &
treatment of Meckel’s diverticulum. 2+2+3+3 Dec 2012; Dec 2003
36. Anatomy of Meckel’s diverticulum. Complications, Indications and surgical
treatment for the same. Jun 2005; Dec 2003; Dec 2000
37. Pathology, C/F & complications of ulcerative colitis? Dec 2007. What are
the treatment options in ulcerative colitis? Indications of surgery in
ulcerative colitis. Dec 2014; Jun 2016; Jun 2010. Describe surgical Mx of
ulcerative colitis. Jun 2015; Dec 2008; Jun 2007; Dec 2005; Jun 2003.
Complications of pouch construction for this disease? Pouchitis following J
pouch for Ulcerative colitis. Dec 2001
38. Discuss the risk factors, etiology, clinical features & Mx of colonic
Anastomotic leak. 2+2+2+4 Dec 2013
39. Toxic megacolon. Dec 2000
40. Pseudo membranous colitis. 5 marks Jun 2013
41. Enumerate tumors of small bowel. How would you manage a 35 yr old
lady with a suspected carcinoma of terminal ileum? 3+7 Dec 2011
42. Imaging techniques in evaluation of GI malignancy. Jun 2002
43. Role of laparoscopy/laparoscopic surgery in GI malignancies. Jun 2007;
Jun 2002
44. Classify colonic polyps? How will you manage a case of FAP with
carcinoma in descending colon? 3+7 FAT 2017
45. Classify polyps of colon. Clinical features & Rx of solitary villous adenoma.
2+4+4 Apr 2016
46. What is familial adenomatous polyposis? How will you manage such
patients? Dec 2010
47. Classify & mention the distinctive features of intestinal polyps. Jun 2007
48. What is the D/D of Right iliac fossa pain in 12 yr old child? How will you
Mx a case of appendicular mass? 5+5 FAT 2017/a
49. Carcinoid appendix. Diagnosis, clinical features and Mx. Jun 2009; Jun
2006. C/F, Dx, Mx of malignant Carcinoid syndrome? Dec 2005; Jun 2004;
Dec 2003.
50. Clinical fractures of small bowel Carcinoid tumors. Classification of large
intestinal polyps. Metabolic complications of ileostomy. Dec 2017