Assignment II mechatronics
1. The 8085 microprocessor is a:
a) 8-bit microprocessor
b) 16-bit microprocessor
c) 32-bit microprocessor
d) 64-bit microprocessor
2. The 8085 microprocessor has how many general-purpose registers?
a) 4
b) 6
c) 8
d) 16
3. The 8085 microprocessor includes which of the following special-purpose registers?
a) Stack Pointer (SP)
b) Program Counter (PC)
c) Accumulator (A)
d) All of the above
4. In the 8085 microprocessor, the accumulator is used for:
a) Storing the memory address
b) Performing arithmetic and logic operations
c) Storing data from input/output operations
d) Managing the stack
5. The 8085 microprocessor's flag register contains how many flags?
a) 4
b) 5
c) 6
d) 8
6. Which of the following is not a part of the 8085 microprocessor's architecture?
a) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
b) Instruction Register (IR)
c) Data Bus Buffer
d) Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller
7. The 8085 microprocessor's data bus is:
a) 4 bits wide
b) 8 bits wide
c) 16 bits wide
d) 32 bits wide
8. The 8085 microprocessor operates on a clock frequency of up to:
a) 1 MHz
b) 2 MHz
c) 5 MHz
d) 10 MHz
9. Which pin on the 8085 microprocessor is used for the address bus?
a) AD0-AD7
b) A8-A15
c) D0-D7
d) IO/M
10. The ALE (Address Latch Enable) pin in the 8085 microprocessor is used for:
a) Enabling the address bus
b) Latching the address from the multiplexed address/data lines
c) Enabling the data bus
d) Resetting the microprocessor
11. The RESET pin in the 8085 microprocessor is used to:
a) Start the microprocessor
b) Reset the microprocessor to its initial state
c) Enable the clock signal
d) Disable the address bus
12. The IO/M pin is used to:
a) Differentiate between memory and I/O operations
b) Indicate the microprocessor's operational mode
c) Select the memory size
d) Control the data bus width
13. Which pin on the 8085 microprocessor is responsible for interrupt requests?
a) INTA
b) RST7.5
c) TRAP
d) INT
14. The RD (Read) pin is used to:
a) Indicate a read operation
b) Initiate a write operation
c) Enable the address bus
d) Reset the microprocessor
15. The WR (Write) pin is used to:
a) Indicate a write operation
b) Initiate a read operation
c) Enable the address bus
d) Latch the address
16. The VCC pin on the 8085 microprocessor is used to:
a) Connect the microprocessor to the ground
b) Provide the clock signal
c) Supply the operating voltage
d) Connect to the external memory
17. The GND pin on the 8085 microprocessor is used to:
a) Supply the operating voltage
b) Connect the microprocessor to the ground
c) Provide the clock signal
d) Connect to the address bus
18. The CLK pin is responsible for:
a) Generating the system clock signal
b) Providing power to the microprocessor
c) Handling interrupt requests
d) Managing the reset function
19. The SID (Serial Input Data) pin is used for:
a) Receiving serial data
b) Transmitting serial data
c) Reading data from memory
d) Writing data to memory
20. The SOD (Serial Output Data) pin is used for:
a) Receiving serial data
b) Transmitting serial data
c) Handling address lines
d) Providing clock signals
21. In the immediate addressing mode, the operand is:
a) Stored in a register
b) Provided as part of the instruction
c) Inferred from the address
d) Stored in memory
22. Which addressing mode is used when the operand is specified directly in the
instruction?
a) Register addressing mode
b) Immediate addressing mode
c) Direct addressing mode
d) Indirect addressing mode
23. In register addressing mode, the operand is:
a) An immediate value
b) A memory location
c) A register
d) A constant value
24. The addressing mode where the address of the operand is specified within the
instruction is known as:
a) Immediate addressing mode
b) Register addressing mode
c) Direct addressing mode
d) Indirect addressing mode
25. In indirect addressing mode, the address of the operand is:
a) Specified directly in the instruction
b) Stored in a register and the contents of that register provide the address
c) Provided as an immediate value
d) Inferred from the instruction format
26. Which addressing mode is used in instructions like MOV A, M in the 8085
instruction set?
a) Immediate addressing mode
b) Direct addressing mode
c) Register addressing mode
d) Indirect addressing mode
27. The instruction MOV B, 0x10 uses which addressing mode?
a) Immediate addressing mode
b) Direct addressing mode
c) Register addressing mode
d) Indirect addressing mode
28. In which addressing mode does the instruction ADD M use the content of the
memory location pointed by the register pair HL as an operand?
a) Immediate addressing mode
b) Direct addressing mode
c) Register addressing mode
d) Indirect addressing mode
29. The instruction MOV A, B performs which of the following operations?
a) Moves the content of register B to register A
b) Moves the content of register A to register B
c) Adds the content of register B to register A
d) Subtracts the content of register B from register A
30. Which instruction is used to transfer data from the accumulator to a memory
location in the 8085 instruction set?
a) MOV M, A
b) MOV A, M
c) MVI A, data
d) STA address
31. The ADD B instruction adds the content of register B to:
a) Register C
b) Register A
c) Memory location
d) Register D
32. The SUB instruction performs:
a) Addition of two registers
b) Subtraction of the operand from the accumulator
c) Bitwise AND operation
d) Logical OR operation
33. Which instruction is used to set the carry flag in the 8085 microprocessor?
a) CMC
b) STC
c) RLC
d) RRC
34. The NOP instruction is used to:
a) Execute no operation and is a no-operation instruction
b) Perform a jump operation
c) Store data to memory
d) Load immediate data into a register
35. The CALL instruction is used to:
a) Jump to a subroutine and save the return address
b) Return from a subroutine
c) Halt the microprocessor
d) Load immediate data into a register
36. Which instruction in the 8085 instruction set will clear the accumulator?
a) CLR
b) CMC
c) CMA
d) ANI 0
37. The RLC instruction is used to:
a) Rotate the contents of the accumulator left through the carry
b) Rotate the contents of the accumulator right through the carry
c) Clear the contents of the accumulator
d) Set the carry flag
38. To check if a number is positive or negative in the 8085, which instruction can be
used?
a) CMP
b) RLC
c) RRC
d) JC
39. The DI instruction is used to:
a) Disable interrupts
b) Enable interrupts
c) Transfer data between registers
d) Increment a register
40. Which instruction is used to exchange the contents of registers H and L in the 8085
microprocessor?
a) EXCH
b) XCHG
c) MOV
d) MVI
41. In the 8085 timing diagram, the T1 and T2 states are primarily associated with:
a) Address bus timing
b) Data bus timing
c) Memory read and write operations
d) Interrupt handling
42. The ALE (Address Latch Enable) signal in the 8085 timing diagram is used to:
a) Enable the address bus
b) Latch the address from the multiplexed address/data lines
c) Start the memory read operation
d) Activate the interrupt
43. During the T1 state, which signal indicates that the address is being placed on the
address bus?
a) ALE
b) AD0-AD7
c) M/IO
d) RD
44. In the 8085 microprocessor, the RD (Read) signal is active during which phase of
the memory read cycle?
a) T1
b) T2
c) T3
d) T4
45. The WR (Write) signal in the timing diagram is used to:
a) Indicate the memory read operation
b) Indicate the memory write operation
c) Enable the address bus
d) Latch the data bus
46. In the 8085 microprocessor, the IO/M pin is used to differentiate between:
a) Memory and I/O operations
b) Read and write operations
c) High and low address lines
d) Interrupt and non-interrupt operations
47. During which state of the 8085 timing diagram does the microprocessor place the
data on the data bus?
a) T1
b) T2
c) T3
d) T4
48. The address bus lines AD0-AD7 are multiplexed with:
a) Data bus lines D0-D7
b) Address lines A8-A15
c) Control signals
d) Power supply
49. The M/IO signal is used to:
a) Select between memory and I/O operations
b) Latch the address
c) Indicate read or write operation
d) Control the clock frequency
50. The ALE signal transitions from high to low during which phase of the 8085 timing
diagram?
a) Before the address is placed on the address bus
b) After the address is placed on the address bus
c) During the data read phase
d) During the interrupt phase
51. Which of the following signals is used to control the data flow direction during a
read operation?
a) WR
b) RD
c) ALE
d) IO/M
52. In the 8085 microprocessor, the T4 state is primarily associated with:
a) Latching the data from the data bus
b) Placing the address on the address bus
c) Completing the read or write cycle
d) Generating the clock signal
53. The TRAP signal is used for:
a) Generating an interrupt request
b) Resetting the microprocessor
c) Handling read/write operations
d) Address latching
54. In the 8085 timing diagram, the M/IO pin goes high during:
a) Memory read operations
b) Memory write operations
c) I/O read operations
d) I/O write operations
55. The RD signal goes low during:
a) The address phase
b) The data phase
c) The interrupt phase
d) The reset phase
56. During the T2 state of a read cycle, the microprocessor places:
a) The address on the address bus
b) The data on the data bus
c) The read control signal low
d) The write control signal low
57. In the 8085 timing diagram, the data bus D0-D7 is used during which state of the
instruction cycle?
a) Address phase
b) Data read phase
c) Data write phase
d) Interrupt phase
58. The RST pins are used for:
a) Reset operations
b) Generating interrupts
c) Controlling the data bus
d) Addressing memory locations
59. During the T3 state, which signal indicates that the microprocessor is completing
the read or write operation?
a) ALE
b) RD or WR
c) IO/M
d) INTA
60. The INTA (Interrupt Acknowledge) signal is used to:
a) Acknowledge an interrupt request
b) Initiate a read operation
c) Start a write operation
d) Latch the address bus
61. Which block in the 8051 microcontroller is responsible for generating the timing
and control signals?
a) ALU
b) Timer
c) Clock Generator
d) ROM
62. The 8051 microcontroller has how many I/O ports?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
63. In the 8051 microcontroller, the ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) is primarily
responsible for:
a) Controlling I/O operations
b) Performing arithmetic and logic operations
c) Generating clock signals
d) Interfacing with external memory
64. Which block in the 8051 microcontroller stores the program code?
a) RAM
b) ROM
c) Timer
d) ALU
65. The 8051 microcontroller has how many 16-bit timers/counters?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
66. Which component in the 8051 microcontroller is used to handle interrupts?
a) Interrupt Controller
b) Timer
c) ALU
d) I/O Ports
67. The 8051 microcontroller’s I/O ports are divided into how many 8-bit ports?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
68. The 8051 microcontroller contains how many 8-bit registers for general-purpose
use?
a) 4
b) 8
c) 16
d) 32
69. Which block in the 8051 microcontroller provides the necessary timing for the
microcontroller’s operation?
a) Clock Generator
b) ALU
c) Timer
d) ROM
70. The Stack Pointer (SP) in the 8051 microcontroller is used for:
a) Storing data temporarily
b) Generating interrupts
c) Controlling the ALU
d) Addressing external memory
71. In the 8051 microcontroller, which block contains the registers for interrupt
handling?
a) Program Counter (PC)
b) Stack Pointer (SP)
c) Interrupt Vector Table
d) Timer
72. The Program Counter (PC) in the 8051 microcontroller is used to:
a) Store the address of the next instruction to be executed
b) Store temporary data
c) Control I/O operations
d) Generate clock pulses
73. Which block in the 8051 microcontroller is responsible for storing data during
execution?
a) ROM
b) RAM
c) ALU
d) Timer
74. The 8051 microcontroller's ROM is typically used to store:
a) Temporary data
b) The program code
c) Interrupt vectors
d) Timer values
75. The 8051 microcontroller has how many 8-bit registers specifically used for data
manipulation?
a) 4
b) 8
c) 16
d) 32
76. In the 8051 microcontroller, the Timer blocks are used for:
a) Generating timing signals and counting events
b) Storing program code
c) Handling interrupts
d) Generating control signals
77. The 8051 microcontroller's serial communication is managed by which block?
a) Timer
b) Serial Port
c) ALU
d) ROM
78. The 8051 microcontroller’s P0 port is:
a) A 16-bit port
b) A high-impedance port
c) A low-impedance port
d) A memory address port
79. In the 8051 microcontroller, which block is responsible for resetting the
microcontroller?
a) Reset Circuit
b) ALU
c) Timer
d) Clock Generator
80. Which block in the 8051 microcontroller handles the address decoding and
interfacing with external memory?
a) ALU
b) Address Bus
c) I/O Ports
d) Program Counter
81. What type of microcontroller is commonly used in Arduino boards?
a) ARM Cortex
b) AVR
c) PIC
d) MSP430
82. Which programming language is primarily used to program Arduino boards?
a) Python
b) Java
c) C/C++
d) JavaScript
83. What is the function of the setup() function in an Arduino sketch?
a) It initializes variables and settings
b) It contains the main program loop
c) It defines the hardware configuration
d) It sets the pin modes for input and output
84. Which pin mode is used to configure a pin for output on an Arduino?
a) INPUT
b) OUTPUT
c) ANALOG
d) PWM
85. What is the default baud rate for serial communication in Arduino?
a) 9600 bps
b) 4800 bps
c) 115200 bps
d) 19200 bps
86. Which Arduino board is known for its small size and breadboard compatibility?
a) Arduino Uno
b) Arduino Mega
c) Arduino Nano
d) Arduino Leonardo
87. The analogRead() function is used to:
a) Read digital values from a pin
b) Write analog values to a pin
c) Read analog values from a pin
d) Write digital values to a pin
88. Which component is essential for connecting sensors and actuators to an Arduino
board?
a) Breadboard
b) LCD Screen
c) SD Card
d) Bluetooth Module
89. In Arduino, what does the delay() function do?
a) Pauses the execution of the program for a specified time
b) Reads a sensor value
c) Writes data to a pin
d) Initializes the serial communication
90. What is the maximum number of digital input/output pins available on the Arduino
Uno?
a) 6
b) 8
c) 14
d) 20
91. Which operating system is commonly used on Raspberry Pi boards?
a) Windows
b) Linux (Raspbian)
c) macOS
d) Android
92. What is the primary purpose of the GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) pins on
a Raspberry Pi?
a) To connect to the internet
b) To provide power to the Raspberry Pi
c) To interface with external devices and sensors
d) To store data
93. Which programming language is widely used for scripting and automation on
Raspberry Pi?
a) JavaScript
b) Ruby
c) Python
d) C#
94. What is the maximum amount of RAM available on the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B?
a) 512 MB
b) 1 GB
c) 2 GB
d) 8 GB
95. The Raspberry Pi uses which type of storage for its operating system and files?
a) Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
b) Solid State Drive (SSD)
c) MicroSD Card
d) USB Flash Drive
96. Which port is used for connecting a monitor to a Raspberry Pi?
a) USB
b) HDMI
c) Ethernet
d) GPIO
97. Which protocol is used to enable communication between a Raspberry Pi and a
network?
a) Bluetooth
b) Wi-Fi
c) Serial
d) I2C
98. The raspistill command is used to:
a) Capture images with the Raspberry Pi camera
b) Record audio with an external microphone
c) Monitor system performance
d) Update the Raspberry Pi operating system
99. What is the main difference between the Raspberry Pi and Arduino?
a) Raspberry Pi is a microcontroller, Arduino is a microprocessor
b) Raspberry Pi is a single-board computer, Arduino is a microcontroller
c) Raspberry Pi has fewer I/O pins than Arduino
d) Raspberry Pi is used only for educational purposes
100. Which interface on the Raspberry Pi is used to connect an external display
via an adapter?
a) SPI
b) GPIO
c) USB
d) HDMI
101. The 8255 Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) is used to:
a) Manage memory
b) Interface with peripheral devices
c) Control timers
d) Handle interrupts
102. How many I/O ports are available in the 8255 PPI?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
103. Which mode in the 8255 PPI allows bidirectional data transfer on port A, B,
and C?
a) Mode 0
b) Mode 1
c) Mode 2
d) Mode 3
104. In the 8255 PPI, Port C is used for:
a) Input only
b) Output only
c) Both input and output
d) Control signals
105. The 8255 PPI control word format includes which of the following?
a) Mode set and port configuration
b) Data transfer rate
c) Memory address
d) Clock frequency
106. Which pin on the 8255 PPI is used to select the chip?
a) CS (Chip Select)
b) RD (Read)
c) WR (Write)
d) A0 (Address Line)
107. In 8255 PPI, what is the function of the A0 pin?
a) Selects the mode of operation
b) Selects the port for read/write operations
c) Provides clock pulses
d) Resets the device
108. Which pin on the 8255 PPI is used to read data from the port?
a) WR
b) RD
c) CS
d) RESET
109. When interfacing a keyboard with a microcontroller, which method is
commonly used to reduce the number of input/output pins required?
a) Multiplexing
b) Direct addressing
c) Serial communication
d) Parallel communication
110. In a matrix keyboard, how many rows and columns are typically used for a
4x4 keypad?
a) 4 rows and 4 columns
b) 4 rows and 8 columns
c) 8 rows and 4 columns
d) 8 rows and 8 columns
111. Which of the following techniques is used to detect a key press in a matrix
keyboard?
a) Polling
b) Interrupt-driven
c) Handshaking
d) Direct memory access (DMA)
112. In a keyboard matrix, how is a specific key press identified?
a) By scanning the rows and columns
b) By reading the address directly
c) By using an analog-to-digital converter
d) By generating an interrupt signal
113. To debounce a keyboard input, which technique is commonly used?
a) Using a delay
b) Using an external capacitor
c) Implementing software algorithms
d) Using an external pull-up resistor
114. To control a 7-segment LED display, which type of circuit is typically used?
a) Decoders
b) Multiplexers
c) Amplifiers
d) Oscillators
115. In a 7-segment display, how many segments are there to display a digit?
a) 6
b) 7
c) 8
d) 9
116. Which of the following is used to drive multiple 7-segment displays with a
microcontroller?
a) Shift registers
b) Analog-to-digital converters
c) Voltage regulators
d) Digital-to-analog converters
117. In a common-cathode 7-segment display, which segments are turned on to
display the digit '8'?
a) All segments
b) Only segments A, B, C, D, E, F
c) Only segments A, B, C, D
d) Only segments B, C, E, F, G
118. Which of the following is a common method to control multiple 7-segment
displays in a multiplexed configuration?
a) Use a shift register to control the segments
b) Directly connect each segment to the microcontroller
c) Use a different power supply for each display
d) Implement a manual switching mechanism
119. To display the number '5' on a 7-segment LED display, which segments are
activated?
a) A, B, D, E, G
b) A, C, D, E, F
c) A, B, C, E, G
d) A, B, D, F, G
120. What is the purpose of using a driver circuit for controlling LED displays?
a) To amplify the current to drive the LEDs
b) To decode the binary inputs
c) To generate timing signals
d) To filter the signal for better display quality
121. What is the primary function of an ADC?
a) To convert digital signals to analog
b) To amplify analog signals
c) To convert analog signals to digital
d) To store digital data
122. Which of the following is a common type of ADC?
a) Successive Approximation ADC
b) Frequency Modulation ADC
c) Phase-Locked Loop ADC
d) Digital Signal Processing ADC
123. In an ADC, what does the term "resolution" refer to?
a) The speed at which the ADC converts signals
b) The number of bits used to represent the analog signal
c) The maximum input voltage range
d) The power consumption of the ADC
124. Which interface is commonly used to communicate with ADCs?
a) I2C
b) SPI
c) UART
d) GPIO
125. When interfacing an ADC with a microcontroller, what is typically used to
sample the analog signal?
a) Sample-and-Hold Circuit
b) Clock Generator
c) Digital Filter
d) Amplifier
126. What is the purpose of the reference voltage (V_ref) in an ADC?
a) To provide a clock signal
b) To set the input voltage range
c) To control the speed of conversion
d) To stabilize the power supply
127. In a 10-bit ADC with a reference voltage of 5V, what is the resolution in
terms of voltage per bit?
a) 5V / 1024
b) 5V / 256
c) 10V / 1024
d) 10V / 256
128. Which signal is used by the ADC to indicate the end of the conversion
process?
a) START
b) EOC (End of Conversion)
c) CS (Chip Select)
d) RD (Read)
129. What is the function of the multiplexer in an ADC system?
a) To amplify the analog signal
b) To select one of several input channels
c) To convert the analog signal to digital
d) To provide a reference voltage
130. Which type of ADC is known for its fast conversion speed and is commonly
used in high-speed applications?
a) Successive Approximation ADC
b) Dual-Slope ADC
c) Flash ADC
d) Sigma-Delta ADC
131. What is the primary function of a DAC?
a) To convert digital signals to analog
b) To amplify analog signals
c) To convert analog signals to digital
d) To store analog data
132. Which of the following is a common type of DAC?
a) R-2R Ladder DAC
b) Phase-Locked Loop DAC
c) Digital Signal Processing DAC
d) Successive Approximation DAC
133. In a DAC, what does the term "settling time" refer to?
a) The time taken for the DAC to start converting signals
b) The time required for the output to stabilize after a change in input
c) The time required for the DAC to reset
d) The time taken for the DAC to initialize
134. Which interface is commonly used to communicate with DACs?
a) SPI
b) UART
c) I2C
d) GPIO
135. What is the purpose of the reference voltage (V_ref) in a DAC?
a) To set the output voltage range
b) To control the speed of conversion
c) To provide a clock signal
d) To stabilize the power supply
136. In a DAC with 12-bit resolution and a reference voltage of 5V, what is the
voltage increment per step?
a) 5V / 4096
b) 5V / 2048
c) 5V / 1024
d) 5V / 256
137. Which signal is used to latch data into a DAC for conversion?
a) CS (Chip Select)
b) WR (Write)
c) RD (Read)
d) CLK (Clock)
138. In a DAC system, what is the role of the output buffer?
a) To convert digital data to analog
b) To amplify and stabilize the analog output signal
c) To store digital data
d) To select the input channel
139. Which type of DAC is known for its high accuracy and is commonly used in
precision applications?
a) R-2R Ladder DAC
b) Delta-Sigma DAC
c) Binary Weighted DAC
d) Flash DAC
140. Which of the following factors affects the accuracy of a DAC?
a) Reference voltage stability
b) Clock frequency
c) Data bus width
d) Power supply voltage
