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benjir shuvo <benjirshuvo30@gmail.com>
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benjir shuvo <benjirshuvo30@gmail.com> 26 January 2024 at 20:45
Draft
Cooling System (M0080693) exapand full screen
2014/01/03
SMCS - 1350 i05622849
Illustration 1 g03570320
Schematic of a heat exchanger cooled separate circuit aftercooled system
Illustration 2 g03570321
Schematic of a keel cooled separate circuit aftercooled system
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Illustration 3 g01824395
(32) Expansion Tank with a pressure relief cap
(33) Recovery Bottle with a vented cap
This engine has a pressure type cooling system that is equipped with an
expansion tank (32) and a recovery bottle (33).
A pressure type cooling system offers two advantages:
The cooling system can operate safely at a temperature that is higher than
the normal boiling point of water.
The cooling system prevents cavitation in the water pump.
Cavitation is the sudden formation of low-pressure bubbles by mechanical forces
in liquids. The formation of air or steam pockets is more difficult within a pressure
type cooling system.
The shunt line prevents cavitation by the water pump. The shunt line provides
additional flow of coolant to the water pump inlet.
The recovery bottle (33) provides space for expansion of the coolant volume while
the engine is running. Also, the recovery bottle provides space for expansion
during the warm-up cycle. The recovery bottle also provides a means for checking
the coolant level.
Raw Water Circuit
In many instances, a separate cooling source is used to supply coolant to the
aftercooler. The coolant supply can be fresh water, or the coolant supply can be
sea water. Because of the possible unknown composition of the cooling water, a
special pump is needed to move the coolant through the system. Two types of
pumps are available for use in the raw water circuit.
A bronze impeller and/or a rubber impeller pump is used to flow sea water
through the cooling system. These types of pumps will resist the corrosive
action of the coolant that passes through the pump.
Raw water is drawn in through the inlet of the auxiliary water pump . The raw
water is forced out of the pump and into the aftercooler. The raw water is then
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discharged or passed through the gear oil cooler (if equipped) and then
discharged.
Coolant Flow Circuit
Raw water pump is located on the left front corner of the cylinder block. The water
pump is gear-driven from the crankshaft.
Coolant from the heat exchanger is pulled into the inlet of the water pump by
impeller rotation. After the water exits the water pump, the water is dispersed to
the following components: engine oil cooler , cylinder head, cylinder block and
turbochargers. Coolant also flows from each cylinder head and each turbocharger
to each of the exhaust risers and from the exhaust risers to the exhaust
manifolds. Next, the coolant flows through a deaerator in the rear frame of the
heat exchanger in order to purge excess air from the coolant to the expansion
tank. The coolant is then directed by the water temperature regulator either to the
bypass back to the jacket water pump or to the heat exchanger to be cooled.
Note: The water temperature regulator controls the direction of flow. When the
coolant temperature is below the normal operating temperature, the water
temperature regulator is closed. The coolant that is leaving the cylinder heads
and exhaust manifolds is redirected to the inlet of the jacket water pump. When
the coolant temperature reaches the normal operating temperature, the water
temperature regulator opens. Coolant then travels to the heat exchanger for
cooling.
Note: The water temperature regulator is an important part of the cooling system.
The water temperature regulator divides coolant flow between the heat exchanger
and the bypass in order to maintain the normal operating temperature. If the water
temperature regulator is not installed in the system, there is no mechanical
control, and most of the coolant will travel the path of least resistance through the
bypass. This will cause the engine to overheat in hot weather and the engine will
not reach normal operating temperature in cold weather.
The coolant recovery bottle adds volume for expansion of the coolant in the
engine cooling system. The coolant recovery bottle also provides a convenient
way to check the coolant level. Coolant is forced into the bottle during the warm-
up cycle. Coolant returns to the heat exchanger from the coolant recovery bottle
during the cool down cycle through the seal pressure cap on the heat exchanger.
Air vents are provided on the top of each turbocharger. The air vents aid in
removing air from the system during the initial filling of the cooling system. The air
vents also aid in removing air from the system after a flushing process.
Coolers for the System
There are two types of systems for heat dissipation that are recommended for use
with Caterpillar marine engines. These systems for heat dissipation involve the
use of either inboard mounted heat exchangers or outboard mounted keel
coolers. This engine offers configurations for both types. The inboard mounted
heat exchanger is a plate type heat exchanger that is composed of stacked plates
with seals between each plate allowing raw water and jacket water in order to
alternate between the plates and the heat that is to be exchanged during the
cooling process. Keel cooled systems have coolers mounted on the outside of the
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hull bottom, using the flow of sea water around the outside surface of the keel
cooler to remove the heat from the jacket water which is flowing though the inside
of the coolers. Systems that are cooled with an inboard heat exchanger require a
sea water pump in order to circulate sea water through the plate type heat
exchanger. Keel cooled systems require the use of an auxiliary pump to flow the
coolant thru the keel cooler system. Heat is transferred from the hot jacket water
coolant to the cool sea water in both systems allowing the engine to maintain an
acceptable operating temperature.
© 2024 Caterpillar Inc.
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