Human resources
Which does the term population distribution refer to?
a) How the population in a specified area changes over time.
b) The number of people who die in relation to the number of people born in a specified area.
c) The way in which people are spread across a given area.
d) the way of people live in a given area.
2. What are the three main factors that cause population changes?
a) Births, deaths, and marriage
b) Births, deaths, and migration
c) Births, deaths, and life expectancy
d) death, migration, and life expectancy
3. In 1999, the world population reached
a) 1 billion
b) 3 billion
c) 6 billion
d) 9 billion
4. What is a population pyramid?
a) A graphical presentation of the age and sex composition of a population.
b) When the population density of an area is so high that people live in tall buildings.
c) Pattern of population distribution in large urban areas
d) world distribution of population
5. Ministry of Human Resource Development was created in which year?
a) 1955
b) 1965
c) 1975
d) 1985
6. Which of the following fact is not true regarding Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojna (PKVY)?
a) It was started in 2015.
b) It had the aim to train one crore of Indian youth from 2016 to 2020.
c) The objective of this scheme is to encourage aptitude towards employable skills by giving quality
training.
d) It was under the Finance ministry.
7. The way in which people are spread across the earth's surface is known as?
a) Population density
b) the pattern of population distribution.
c) Population growth
d) Population pyramid
8. More than 90 percent of the world’s population lives on about ----- percent of the land surface.
a) 10
b) 20
c) 30
d) 40
9. Sixty percent of the world’s people stay in just------countries?
a) 5
b) 8
c) 10
d) 15
10. Which of the following countries does not come in the top 10 populous countries in the world?
a) Japna
b) Australia
c) Russia
d) Nigeria
11. Average density of the population in India is ------ persons per square km.
a) 382
b) 385
c) 395
d) 412
12. What is the average density of the population in the whole world?
a) 31
b) 41
c) 51
d) 75
13. Which of the following region has the highest population density in the world?
a) Europe
b) East China
c) southeast Asia
d) South-Central Asia
14. What Number of years that an average person can expect to live called?
a) Life expectancy
b) Mortality rate
c) Child Mortality rate
d) Employment rate
15. In which year did the world’s population reach one billion?
a) 1775
b) 1800
c) 1804
d) 1820
16. In which year did the world’s population reach 3 billion?
a) 1900
b) 1947
c) 1959
d) 1999
17. In which year did the world’s population reach 6 billion?
a) 1900
b) 1947
c) 1959
d) 1999
18. Which of the following is not a natural cause of population change?
a) Birth rate
b) Death rate
c) Migration
d) None
19. ---- are people who leave a country.
a) Emigrants
b) Immigrants
c) Migration
d) Balance of population
20. ---- are those who arrive in a country.
a) Emigrants
b) Immigrants
c) Migration
d) Balance of population
21. Which of the following country has a very high( 3 % or more) annual rate of natural population
growth?
a) India
b) Pakistan
c) Nepal
d) Bhutan
22. Which of the following country has a narrow population pyramid?
a) India
b) Japan
c) Kenya
d) the USA
23. When people are attracted to an area it becomes ....................... populated.
a) sparsely
b) favorable
c) densely
d) fallow
Q1) Very Short Answer Type Question
1. Which is the most populated continent of the world?
2. In which country is the city of Osaka located?
3. Who are immigrants?
4. Who are Emigrants?
5. What is the average density of population in India?
6. What is life expectancy?
Answer: Life expectancy is the number of years that an average person can expect to live.
7. What is the average density of population in the whole world?
8. What is known as the pattern of population distribution?
Answer: The way in which people are spread across the earth surface is known as the pattern of
population distribution.
9. What is a population pyramid?
Answer: Population pyramid is a graphical presentation of the age, sex composition of a population.
10. What is meant by natural growth rate?
Short Type Answer Questions
1. Why is population growth slowing in United Kingdom?
2. In what respects do different human beings differ?
3. What is population density?
4. Why do people move from the rural to urban areas?
Or
Why do people migrate from rural to urban areas?
5. How does climate affect the population distribution of an area?
6. What does the shape of a population pyramid of Japan indicate?
Or
Describe the population pyramid of Japan.
Answer: In countries like Japan, low birth rates make the pyramid narrow at the base. Decreased death
rates allow numbers of people to reach old age.
7. The world population has grown very rapidly. Why?
8. Human resources are not equally distributed over the world. Why?
Answer: Human resources like other resources are not equally distributed over the world. They differ in
their educational levels, age and sex. Their numbers and characteristics also keep changing.
9. What is the general trend of international migrations? Why?
Answer Why are people considered a resource?
11. What is an age-sex pyramid?
12. How crowded a country is, has little to do with its level of economic development. Explain with
help of example.
13. What are the factors affecting population change?
Or
What are the main causes of population change explain in brief?
Or
What are the main elements of population change?
Or
What are the main components of population change?
Answer: The major factors affecting population are birth, death and migration. Birth rate is the number
of live births per 1,000 people. Death rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 people. Migration is the
movement of people in and out of an area.
14. Why some countries like Kenya have high population growth rates?
Answer: Some countries like Kenya have high population growth rates. They had both high birth rates
and death rates. Now, with improving health care, death rates have fallen, but birth rates still remain
high leading to high growth rates.
15. What is meant by population composition?
Answer: Population composition refers to the structure of the population.
The composition of population helps us to know how many are males or females, which age group they
belong to, how educated they are and what type of occupations they are employed in, what their
income levels and health conditions are.
Long Type Answer Questions
1. Why did world population rise from 1800 onwards?
Or
What was the main cause of population explosion?
Or
What has caused the population explosion?
Answer: In 1820, the world’s population reached one billion. A hundred and fifty years later, in the early
1970s, the world’s population reached 3 billion. This is often called population explosion. In 1999, less
than 30 years later, the population doubled to 6 billion. The main reason for this growth was that with
better food supplies and medicine, deaths were reducing, while the number of births still remained fairly
high.
2. ‘Until the 1800s, the world’s population grew steadily but slowly.’ Why?
Answer: For an extremely long period of human history, until the 1800s, the world’s population grew
steadily but slowly. Large numbers of babies were born, but they died early too. This was as there were
no proper health facilities. Sufficient food was not available for all the people. Farmers were not able to
produce enough to meet the food requirements of all the people. As a result the total increase in
population was very low.
3. Discuss the role of any two factors influencing population change.
Answer: Birth rate and death rate are the natural causes of population change. Birth rate is the number
of live births per 1,000 people. Death rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 people. When birth rate is
more than death rate, population increases. When birth rate and death rate are same, population stays
the same. When death rate is more than birth rate, population decreases. Thus, birth rate and death
rate affect the balance of population.
4. Discuss the population pyramid of Kenya.
Or
Why population pyramid of Kenya is broad at the base and narrow at the top?
Answer: The population pyramid of a country in which birth and death rates both are high is broad at
the base and rapidly narrows towards the top. This is because although, many children are born, a large
percentage of them die in their infancy, relatively few become adults and there are very few old
people. This situation is represented by the pyramid shown for Kenya.
5. What does the shape of a population pyramid of India indicate?
Or
Describe the population pyramid of India.
Answer: In countries where death rates (especially amongst the very young) are decreasing, the pyramid
is broad in the younger age groups, because more infants survive to adulthood. This can be seen in the
pyramid for India. Such populations contain a relatively large number of young people and which means
a strong and expanding labour force.
6. What are the causes for the uneven distribution of population in the world?
Answer: The distribution of population in the world is extremely uneven. Some areas are very crowded
and some are sparely populated. The causes for the uneven distribution of population in the world are:
Geographical Factors – Favourable topography and climate, fertile soil, availability of water and deposits
of minerals are some of the factors that affect distribution of population.
Social and cultural factors – Areas of better housing, education and health facilities are more densely
populated. Places with religion or cultural significance attract people.
Economic factors – Industrial areas provide employment opportunities. Large numbers of people are
attracted to these areas.
7. Write a short note on distribution of population.
Answer: Distribution of population
More than 60 per cent of the world’s population lives in about 10 per cent of the land surface.
The distribution of population in the world is extremely uneven. Some areas are very crowded and
some are sparely populated.
Very few people live in high latitude areas, tropical deserts, high mountains and areas of equatorial
forests. Many more people live north of the Equator than south of the Equator.
Almost three-quarters of the world’s people live in two continents Asia and Africa.
8. What are population pyramids? How do they help in understanding about the population of a
country?
Answer: Population pyramid is a graphical representation of population composition of a country. The
shape of the population pyramid tells the story of the people living in that particular country. The
numbers of children (below 15 years) are shown at the bottom and reflect the level of births. The size of
the top shows the numbers of aged people (above 65 years) and reflects the number of deaths. The
population pyramid also tells us how many dependents there are in a country. There are two groups of
dependents — young dependents (aged below 15 years) and elderly dependents (aged over 65 years).
Those of the working age are the economically active. The population pyramid of a country in which
birth and death rates both are high is broad at the base and rapidly narrows towards the top.
9. Describe how various factors affect population distribution.
Or
What factors affect population density?
Answer: Factors affecting distribution of population
Geographical Factors
Topography: People always prefer to live on plains rather than mountains and plateaus because these
areas are suitable for farming, manufacturing and service activities. The Ganga plains are the most
densely populated areas of the world while mountains like Andes, Alps and Himalayas are sparsely
populated.
Climate: People usually avoid extreme climates that are very hot or very cold like Sahara desert, polar
regions of Russia, Canada and Antarctica.
Soil: Fertile soils provide suitable land for agriculture. Fertile plains such as Ganga and Brahmaputra in
India, Hwang-He, Chang Jiang in China and the Nile in Egypt are densely populated.
Water: People prefer to live in the areas where fresh water is easily available. The river valleys of the
world are densely populated while deserts have spare population.
Minerals: Areas with mineral deposits are more populated. Diamond mines of South Africa and
discovery of oil in the Middle east lead to settling of people in these areas.
Social, Cultural and Economic Factors
Social: Areas of better housing, education and health facilities are more densely populated e.g., Pune.
Cultural: Places with religion or cultural significance attract people. Varanasi, Jerusalem and Vatican city
are some examples.
Economic: Industrial areas provide employment opportunities. Large number of people are attracted to
these areas. Osaka in Japan and Mumbai in India are two densely populated areas.
