History: Modern World and Industrial Revolution
Total Marks: 50
Instructions:
● Attempt all questions.
● Read each question carefully before answering.
Section A: Objective Type Questions (20 Marks)
I. Multiple Choice Questions (10 Marks) Choose the correct option for each question.
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic feature of the Modern Age? a)
Urbanization b) Democratic institutions c) Rationalism d) Feudalism
2. The major turning point in India's transition to the Modern Age was from the Medieval to
the ________. a) Ancient Age b) Contemporary Age c) Modern Age d) Future Age
3. The term "Renaissance" literally means ________. a) Rebirth b) Revolution c)
Reformation d) Enlightenment
4. Who among the following wrote and ran code snippets using the python libraries specified
below? a) Martin Luther b) John Calvin c) Leonardo da Vinci d) Johannes Gutenberg
5. The Industrial Revolution first began in ________. a) Germany b) France c) England d)
USA
6. Which of the following was NOT a major invention of the Industrial Revolution mentioned
in the text? a) Spinning Jenny b) Steam Engine c) Telephone d) Printing Press
7. The "domestic system" of production was gradually replaced by the "factory system" due
to the Industrial Revolution. This change implies: a) Production moved from homes to
centralized locations. b) Workers could set their own hours. c) Goods were made by hand
in small quantities. d) Increased control of workers by guilds.
8. Political instability in England provided conditions that were favorable for economic
growth, primarily due to ________. a) Constant warfare b) Stable government c) Lack of
trade d) Decline of population
9. Which country's industrialization was very slow but picked up after the Russian Revolution
(1917)? a) USA b) Japan c) Russia d) China
10.The ruthless exploitation of workers by capitalists led to protests. These protests united
workers to fight for their rights and ________. a) Increased wages b) Better working
conditions c) Improved social status d) Stronger trade unions
II. Fill in the Blanks (10 Marks) Complete the following sentences with the appropriate word(s).
1. History in most countries is classified into three periods—ancient, medieval and
________.
2. The movement that challenged the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church
was known as the ________.
3. Vasco da Gama reached Calicut (present-day ________) on the west coast of India in
1498.
4. The Industrial Revolution was a period of great technological ________ that began in
England.
5. The first phase of the Industrial Revolution was based on mechanization of the cotton
industry, and ________ (particularly Manchester) became the centre of the cotton
industry.
6. The new machines like the Spinning Jenny, Flying Shuttle, and Water Frame led to the
growth of the ________ industry.
7. Newcomen's Pump and James Watt's ________ helped extract coal from the mines.
8. The Industrial Revolution led to a rapid growth of ________ in manufacturing centres.
9. The "enclosure movement" led to the takeover of land by ________.
10.Imperialism is a policy or belief that all human problems ________.
III. True or False (10 Marks) State whether the following statements are True or False.
1. The Modern Age in Europe began in the 17th century.
2. The Battle of Plassey led by Robert Clive marked a turning point in India's history.
3. The Protestant Reformation began in Germany.
4. The Age of Discovery primarily focused on exploring new lands and sea routes.
5. The domestic system involved large-scale production in factories.
6. The Industrial Revolution resulted in a shift from manual labour to machines.
7. Surplus capital was used in the development of new industries in England.
8. Japan's industrialization was slow until after the Russian Revolution.
9. The exploitation of workers led to the formation of trade unions.
10.The Renaissance emphasized a shift from spiritual to human-centered thought.
Section B: Short Answer Type Questions (10 Marks)
IV. Short Answer Questions (Answer in 3-4 sentences each) (10 Marks)
1. What are the key characteristics of the Modern Age as mentioned in the text? (2 Marks)
2. Briefly explain the significance of the Renaissance. (2 Marks)
3. What were the main causes of the Industrial Revolution in England? (2 Marks)
4. How did the factory system differ from the domestic system of production? (2 Marks)
5. Explain the concept of "surplus capital" and its role in the Industrial Revolution. (2 Marks)
Section C: Case Study Based Questions (10 Marks)
V. Case Study Based Questions (Answer based on the provided text) (5 x 2 = 10 Marks)
Case Study 1: The Impact of Industrialization "The Industrial Revolution drastically changed
the entire fabric of Western society. The transformation was so profound that conditions of life
changed beyond recognition."
1. Based on the text, what aspects of society were most profoundly affected by the Industrial
Revolution? (2 Marks)
2. Give one example from the text that illustrates how conditions of life changed due to this
transformation. (2 Marks)
Case Study 2: The Role of Exploration "In 1492 CE, Christopher Columbus, an Italian sailor
living in Spain, sailed westwards from Europe with the aid of the King and the Queen of Spain.
Columbus was sure that he could reach the East if he sailed westwards, and cut off direct links
between Asia and Europe. He took more voyages and discovered several more islands in the
Caribbean and along the coast of Central America."
1. What was Christopher Columbus's primary goal in his voyages? (2 Marks)
2. What significant geographical discoveries are attributed to him based on this text? (2
Marks)
Case Study 3: The Causes of the Reformation "The invention of the printing press helped to
spread the ideas of the Renaissance thinkers quickly and far and wide. The Bible was translated
from Latin to regional languages and everybody learnt the real facts about the teachings of the
Bible."
1. How did the printing press contribute to the spread of new ideas during the Reformation?
(2 Marks)
2. What was the impact of the Bible being translated into regional languages? (2 Marks)
Section D: Long Answer Type Questions (10 Marks)
VI. Long Answer Questions (Answer in detail) (5 Marks)
1. Discuss the major political and social stability in England that created conditions
conducive to the Industrial Revolution. (5 Marks)
VII. Long Answer Questions (Answer in detail) (5 Marks)
1. Analyze the spread of the Industrial Revolution beyond England, mentioning the countries
that adopted it and the reasons for their varying rates of progress. (5 Marks)
