COMPREHENSIVE PHASE

WORKBOOK
PHARMACOLOGY
NOV 2023 Philippine Nurse Licensure Examination Review
1. The nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a client with d. Ringer’s lactate
diabetes mellitus for which of the following purposes? 8. The nurse is preparing the client assignments for the day.
a. Relief of disease manifestations Which of the following assignments would be appropriate for
b. Preventive the registered nurse (RN) to assign to a licensed practical
c. Health maintenance nurse (LPN)?
d. Curative a. Administer a drug to a client who has an
2. The nurse is collecting a medication history. Which of the implantable intravenous infusion port
following questions would elicit the most accurate information? b. Insert an angiocath into the medial antebrachial
Select all that apply: vein of a client going to surgery
1. “Do you take any herbal supplements?” c. Instruct a client on the advantages of an
2. “What time of day do you go to bed?” autologous blood transfusion
3. “What is the highest level of education you completed?” d. Discontinue a client’s peripheral IV site
4. “Do you have a vision or hearing impairment?” 9. The nurse prepares to hang which of the following for a
5. “Where do you eat most of your meals?” client with thrombocytopenia?
6. “Do you have drug insurance coverage?” a. Whole blood
a. 1, 3, 6 b. Packed red blood cells
b. 2, 4, 5 c. Platelets
c. 1, 3, 4, 6 d. Albumin
d. 2, 3, 4, 5 10. The nurse is caring for a client who admits to a 15-year
3. Which of the following should the nurse include in the oral history of gastric ulcers. The nurse
drug administration procedure? instructs this client to take which of the following drugs for
a. Administer a drug to a 3-year-old child as a capsule minor aches and pains?
b. Administer two drugs at a time to an older adult a. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
client b. Buffered aspirin
c. Administer a carbonated beverage over ice c. Plain aspirin
following a drug d. Ibuprofen (Motrin)
d. Administer a sustained action buccal drug under 11. The nurse should question which of the following drugs for
the tongue use in a client who has glaucoma?
4. The nurse should assess which of the following body a. Acetazolamide (Diamox)
systems while administering intravenous cimetidine (Tagamet) b. Pilocarpine
to a client? c. Atropine sulfate
a. Urinary d. Mannitol
b. Immune 12. The nurse is administering an adrenergic blocking agent,
c. Respiratory such as a beta blocker, to a client with glaucoma. Which of the
d. Cardiovascular following would the nurse interpret as indicative of a serious
5. Which of the following should the nurse include when adverse reaction?
administering drugs by a nasogastric tube? a. Photophobia
a. Crush the drug before administering through b. Blurred vision
feeding tube c. Drop in blood pressure
b. Flush between drugs with 10 ml of sterile water d. Exacerbation of asthma
c. Administer one drug with 30 ml of water 13. The nurse administers which of the following drugs to a
d. Maintain the client in an upright position for 15 client who has keratitis?
minutes following drug administration a. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
6. Which of the following principles of parenteral drug b. Acetazolamide (Diamox)
administration is a priority for the nurse to consider before c. Scopolamine (Isopto Hyoscine)
administering a parenteral injection to a 2-year-old child? d. Idoxuridine (Stoxil)
a. Apply EMLA (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) 14. The nurse is to administer timolol (Timoptic) 1 drop in each
to the injection site 1 hour before administering the eye. Which of the following comments by the client indicates
injection the need for further teaching?
b. Lightly tap the injection site before administering a. “I must wash my hand before putting in my drops.”
the injection b. “This drug will decrease the fluid in my eye.”
c. Administer up to 1 ml of the prescribed drug to the c. “I’ll need to take this until my eye pressure is
injection site normal.”
d. Select the vastus lateralis for the d. “Adverse reactions include dizziness and double
administration of the drug vision.”
7. The nurse selects which of the following isotonic intravenous 15. The nurse instructs the client that the best position for
solutions for the primary purpose of promoting rehydration and instilling nose spray is to
elimination, while providing a good vehicle for potassium a. bend the head forward.
replacement? b. push one nare to the side.
a. Sodium chloride 0.45% c. tilt the head backward.
b. Dextrose 5% in water d. open the mouth to facilitate breathing.
c. Dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline

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16. The nurse is assigned to administer eyedrops to a client a. “If I don’t feel better in 2 to 3 weeks, I
being prepared for cataract surgery. Which of the following should stop taking the medication.”
types of eyedrop does the nurse expect to administer? b. “I will call my doctor if this medication causes
a. An osmotic diuretic severe coughing.”
b. A miotic agent c. “I have to take this medication routinely, even
c. A mydriatic agent when I feel good.”
d. A thiazide diuretic d. “I do not stop my other medications just because
17. A client is experiencing peptic ulcer disease caused by H. I’m taking this one.”
pylori. The nurse should plan to administer which of the 26. When instructing a client to use a metered dose inhaler, it
following oral drug combinations? Clarithromycin (Biaxin) with would be essential for the nurse to include which of the
a. tetracycline (Achromycin) with sodium bicarbonate following aspects? Instruct the client to
(baking soda). a. hold the breath for 3 seconds after using the
b. metronidazole (Flagyl) and aluminum hydroxide inhaler.
(Amphogel). b. take a quick deep breath after activating the
c. amoxicillin (Amoxil) and omeprazole canister.
(Prilosec). c. activate the canister at the beginning of a
d. penicillin (Pen-G) and nizatidine (Axid). slow deep breath.
18. A client with Ménière’s disease asks the nurse why d. place the canister 6 inches in front of an open
meclizine hydrochloride (Antivert) is being administered. The mouth.
most appropriate response by the nurse is which of the 27. A client who has asthma asks the nurse why the preferred
following? route of administration for corticosteroids is inhalation. The
a. “It will control the vertigo.” appropriate response by the nurse is which of the following?
b. “It will help you sleep.” a. “Inhaled medications are easier to take.”
c. “It will decrease your pain.” b. “The systemic adverse reactions are
d. “It will alleviate your nausea.” reduced.”
19. The nurse is collecting a medication history from a client c. “No weaning is required when stopping the drug.”
with herpes simplex 1 of the eye. The nurse should ask the d. “Oral care is not required.”
client if which of the following drugs are taken? 28. A client with asthma awakens in the middle of the night
a. Trifluridine (Viroptic) with an asthma attack. Which of the following inhaler
b. Cromolyn medications should the nurse administer first?
c. Idoxuridine (Stoxil) a. Albuterol (Proventil)
d. Acetazolamide (Diamox) b. Triamcinolone acetonide (Azmacort)
20. The nurse should understand that a client is to receive c. Fluticasone propionate (Flovent)
which of the following drugs to paralyze the ciliary body d. Cromolyn (Intal)
muscles? 29. After a client diagnosed with pneumonia has an episode of
a. Phenylephrine HCl (Neo-Synephrine) respiratory distress, the client is
b. Homatropine intubated and placed on a ventilator. The breath sounds are
c. Hydroxyamphetamine-hydrobromide (Paredrine) diminished and the chest x-ray shows left lower lobe
d. Cromolyn consolidation. The physician orders respiratory treatments with
21. A client has been receiving intravenous theophylline and acetylcysteine (Mucomyst). The nurse should monitor the
the physician writes new orders to discontinue the IV client for which of the following results from this treatment?
medication and begin an immediate-release oral form of the a. Bronchodilation
medication. When should the nurse schedule the first dose of b. Increased sputum, removed with suctioning
the oral medication to be administered? c. Decreased level of consciousness
a. Immediately after stopping the intravenous infusion d. Hypotension
of theophylline 30. The nurse is caring for a client with lung cancer who has
b. Begin 4 to 6 hours after stopping the an intractable cough and is exhausted from the effort of
intravenous infusion of theophylline coughing. Which of the following drugs should the nurse
c. Begin the initial dose at bedtime administer to this client?
d. Start the oral dose with the morning medications a. Rifampin (Rifadin)
and breakfast b. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
22. A client with acute asthma is treated for inspiratory and c. Fluticasone (Flovent)
expiratory wheezes and a decreased forced expiratory volume. d. Codeine
Which class of prescribed drugs should the nurse administer 31. Which of the following treatments is the priority for the
first to this client? nurse to administer to a client who has a positive tuberculosis
a. Oral steroids (TB) skin test but has no other evidence of active disease?
b. Bronchodilators a. No treatment and repeat skin test in 6 months
c. Inhaled steroids b. Isoniazid (INH) for 12 months
d. Mucolytics c. Multidrug therapy for at least 12 months
23. The nurse is admitting a client with asthma who is to be d. Streptomycin for 12 months
started on theophylline. Which of the following questions 32. The nurse is developing a medication schedule for a client
would be appropriate to ask this client? who is receiving isoniazid (INH). To promote the best
a. “Are you a diabetic and taking insulin?” absorption, this medication would be administered
b. “Do you take cimetidine (Tagamet)?” a. on an empty stomach.
c. “Do you use aspirin on a daily basis?” b. with antacids to relieve stomach upset.
d. “Do you exercise routinely?” c. with food.
24. After instructing a client to use a beclomethasone d. 30 minutes after meals.
(Vanceril) inhaler, which of the following statements by the 33. Which of the following is the priority for the nurse to
client indicates to the nurse that the teaching has been monitor in a client who has been on a ventilator and on 70%
successful? FIO2 for the past 72 hours?
a. “I will limit myself to two cups of coffee per day.” a. Atelectasis
b. “I will take it before bed each night.” b. Pulmonary fibrosis
c. “I will take it with meals to mask the taste.” c. Expense to client
d. “I will rinse my mouth after each use.” d. Oxygen dependence
25. Which of the following statements made by the client 34. The nurse is caring for a client who has chronic obstructive
indicates to the nurse that the client does not understand how lung disease (COPD) and pneumonia. After being extubated,
to use cromolyn sodium (Intal) and is in need of further which of the following orders should the nurse question?
instructions? a. Continuation of the current antibiotics
b. O2 per nasal cannula at 6 L/min

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 c. Out of bed with assistance 45. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse
d. Continuation of current nebulizer treatments assess in a 70-year-old adult who is receiving a continuous
35. The nurse is preparing to teach a class on the appropriate infusion of lidocaine?
use of nebulizers and metered dose inhalers. Which of the a. Hypertension
following should the nurse include in the class? b. Osteoarthritis
a. Metered dose inhalers require a gas flow rate of 6 c. Confusion
to 10 L/min d. Decreased visual acuity
b. Nebulizers deliver medication through a face 46. Based on an understanding of beta blockers used for
mask or mouthpiece unstable angina, the nurse administers a beta blocker because
c. Nebulizers deliver doses in puffs of which of the following actions?
d. Metered dose inhalers require refrigeration a. To increase myocardial contractility
36. Which of the following is the priority for the nurse to b. To decrease heart rate
assess before administering digoxin (Lanoxin)? c. To promote cardiovascular fluid shift
a. Auscultate the apical pulse for 1 full minute d. Coronary artery vasodilation
b. Palpate the radial pulse for 60 seconds
c. Monitor the renal function tests 47. Which of the following interventions should the nurse
d. Assess the serum sodium include in the plan of care for a client taking an ACE inhibitor?
37. Upon finding a client in cardiac arrest, the nurse should a. Monitor the blood pressure closely for 2
administer which of the following drugs first? hours after the first dose
a. Atropine b. Begin with a high dose and gradually decrease the
b. Epinephrine dose
c. Lidocaine c. Administer potassium supplements to the client
d. Atenolol (Tenormin) d. Begin with daily dosing followed by dosing every
38. After medication teaching on atenolol (Tenormin), which of other day
the following statements by a client with diabetes mellitus 48. A client’s family member asks the nurse how to know if the
demonstrates an understanding of the atenolol? client is improving while receiving furosemide (Lasix) for
a. “It may cause hyperglycemia.” congestive heart failure. The nurse’s response should be based
b. “It may mask an early indication of on the understanding that improvement in the client’s
hypoglycemia.” condition is characterized by
c. “It may increase the action of insulin.” a. diminishing oxygen needs.
d. “It may diminish the action of insulin.” b. increased thirst.
39. The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. Which of c. weight gain.
the following drugs should the nurse administer? d. intake greater than output.
a. Mexiletine (Mexitil) 49. A client with congestive heart disease returns to the clinic
b. Triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide with muscle aching. The physician orders a potassium level,
(Dyazide) which shows hypokalemia. The drug regimen includes
c. Digoxin (Lanoxin) furosemide (Lasix) 80 mg b.i.d. In addition
d. Warfarin to treatment with a potassium supplement, the nurse
40. Based on an understanding of nitroglycerin, the nurse administers which of the following prescribed drugs?
administers it for which of the following reasons to a client a. Bumetanide (Bumex)
with angina? b. Torsemide (Demadex)
a. Increase afterload c. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
b. Increase preload d. Clonidine (Catapres)
c. Constrict the arteries 50. The nurse is caring for a client on a heparin infusion when
d. Dilate the veins the client expresses concern over a progressively painful
41. The nurse is caring for a client with atrial fibrillation who is headache. Which of the following is the priority nursing action?
being treated with a variety of drugs. The nurse administers a. Stop the heparin infusion
which of the following drugs in combination with quinidine that b. Administer protamine
may result in an increased level of the drug? c. Notify the physician
a. Furosemide (Lasix) d. Administer morphine
b. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
c. Propranolol (Inderal)
d. Triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide (Dyazide)
42. The nurse should administer amiodarone (Cordarone) to
treat which of the following arrhythmias?
a. Sinus bradycardia
b. Bundle branch block
c. Ventricular tachycardia
d. Junctional rhythm
43. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention
for a client who is receiving adenosine (Adenocard) for
supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?
a. Document the presence of peripheral pulses
b. Monitor the pulse oximetry
c. Assure a patent IV in the antecubital vein
d. Prepare for emergency defibrillation
44. A client has been taking Viagra and is now experiencing
angina. The physician has prescribed nitroglycerin p.r.n. for the
angina. Which of the following should the nurse include in the
discharge instructions?
a. Viagra should not be used within 24 hours of
taking nitroglycerin
b. Nitroglycerin and Viagra should be taken at the
same time
c. Viagra is not effective when used in combination
with nitroglycerin
d. The effect of nitroglycerin is impaired by
concurrent use with Viagra

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