LTS REVIEWER

Module 1:

1. Common Modules
1.1 NSTP Law RA 9163
1.2 Heraldic Code
1.3 The Preamble
1.4 Article 3, Bill of Rights
1.5 Article 4, Citizenship

Lesson 1: NSTP Law RA 9163

National Service Training Program (NSTP) Law or RA 9163 also known as “An Act Establishing the
National Service Training Program (NSTP) for tertiary level students, amending for the purpose
Republic Act No. 7077 and Presidential Decree No. 1706, and for other purposes.” Was enacted on
January 2002 to amend the Expanded ROTC.

- Enhance the youth’s active contribution to the general welfare

- Aimed to enhance civic consciousness and defense preparedness
- While it is prime duty of the government to serve and protect its citizens, in return, it shall be
responsibility of all citizens to defend the security of the state, and so, government may require
each citizen to render personal, military or civil service.

The Government’s Recognition to the Youth’s Role in Nation Building

State shall promote civic consciousness, shall develop their physical, moral, spiritual,
intellectual and social well-being. Shall inculcate in the youth patriotism, nationalism, and advance their
involvement on public and Civic Affair

Components of NSTP

ROTC (Reserve Officer’s Training Corps)

- A program institutionalized under Sections 38 and 39 of RA 7077 designed to provide military

training to tertiary level students in order to motivate, train, organize, and mobilize them for
national defense preparedness

CWTS (Civic Welfare Training Service)

- contributory to the general welfare and betterment of life for the members of the community
or the enhancement of its facilities, especially those devoted to improving health, education,
environment, entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of the citizenry.

LTS (Literacy Training Service

- to train students to become teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out of
school youth, and other segments if society in need of their service.
 WHO ARE THE COVERED BY NSTP LAW?

Section 5. Coverage- Students, male and female, of any baccalaureate degree course of at least
two (2)- year technical vocational courses in public and private educational institutions shall be
required to complete one (1) of the NSTP components as requisite for graduation.

Private higher education and technical-vocational education institutions with at least 350 student
cadets, may at least one of the program components

Section 4: Establishment of the National Service Training Program

- Hereby established a NSTP which shall form part of the curricula of all baccalaureate degree
courses and of at least (2) year technical- vocational courses and is a requisite for graduation,
consisting of the following service components:

1. ROTC (Reserve Officers’ Training Corps) which is hereby made optional and voluntary upon
the effectivity of this act.
2. LTS (Literacy Training Service)
3. CWTS (Civic Welfare Training Service)

Exemption to NSTP-ROTC (they already have a training similar to that)

- The Philippine Military Academy (PMA)

- Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PMMA)
- Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA), and other SUC’s of similar nature, in view of the
special character of these institutions, are exempted from the NSTP.

Rule II, Section 16. Privileges of SK Officials. – (a) All SK officials in good standing, whether elected or
appointed, shall, during their incumbency:

- (2) Be exempt from taking the National Service Training Program-Civic Welfare Training Service
(NSTP-CWTS) subjects. In lieu thereof, concerned SK officials shall submit written reports,
preferably with photographs, or other documentations of their participation in the
implementation of programs, projects, and activities as outlined in the Annual Barangay Youth
Investment Program (ABYIP) Absent of such reports will disqualify the concerned SK officials
from the Privilege

Each NSTP component shall be undertaken for an academic period of two (2) semesters for a min of 54
and max of 90 training hours per semester. Shall be credited for 3 units per semester
 - No other fees shall be collected except basic tuition fees, which should not be more than 50% of
the charges of the school per academic unit.

NSTP-OSP (One Summer Program)

- Intended for graduating students in baccalaureate or at least two-year technical-vocational or

associate courses, who have yet to comply with the NSTP as a requirement for graduation, as
well as students, thus allow them to concentrate on the academic subjects and other co-
curricular concerns.

SECTION 11 of RA 9163: Creation of the National Service Reserve Corps. (NSTP ACT 2001)

- There is hereby created a National Service Reserve Corps, to be composed of the graduates of
the non-ROTC components.
- Members of this Corps may be tapped by the state for literacy and civic welfare activities
through the joint effort of the DND, CHED, and TESDA.
- Graduates of the ROTC shall form part of the Citizens Armed Forces, pursuant to Republic Act
No. 7077

THE NSTP-LTS DIMENSIONS OF DEVELOPMENT

L- earn teaching pedagogy

T- each literacy and numeracy

S- erve the community

Values Formation and Moral Recovery- This involves the development of the youth to be good leaders,
responsible individuals imbued with good moral values and active agent of development of the
community.

- At the end of the program, a Certificate of Completion with corresponding Serial Numbers
issued by CHED, TESDA, or DND shall be awarded

LESSON 2: HERALDIC CODE

Similarities between Philippines, Cuban, and Puerto Rican, these countries have been colonized
by Spanish empire and all free by the 19th century

8 rays of sun (Manila, Cavite, Batangas, Bulacan, Laguna, Pampanga, Tarlac, and Nueva Ecija) (influenced
by Spanish country like Peru, Argentina, and Uruguay) first adapted by Katipunan Flag, it once had a
human face symbols masonic rites
3 stars- Luzon, Visayas, Panay (Mindanao) similar to Texas, Cuba, and Puerto Rico

White- equality and fraternity

Blue- peace, truth, and Justice

Red- patriotism and valor

RA 8491- FLAG AND HERALDIC CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

It is an act prescribing the code of the national flag, anthem, motto, coat-of-arms and other
heraldic items and devices of the Philippines.

SECTION 2: DECLARATION OF POLICY

Reverence and respect shall always be accorded to the flag, the anthem and other national
symbols which embody the national ideals and traditions, and which express the principles of
sovereignty and national solidarity.

SECTION 3: SCOPE OF APPLICACATION

Rules shall apply to individuals, public and private entities, military and police agencies, and
other branches and/or instrumentalities of the national and local government including government-
owned and/or controlled corporations and shall also be observed in and within the entire territory of the
Philippines

CHAPTER 1: NATIONAL FLAG

The Philippine flag was officially adopted on May 19, 1898

White- peace

Red- bravery

Blue- patriotism

The three gold stars and sun represent the three main divisions of the country- Luzon, Visayas, and
Mindanao

Flagpole displayed- the blue field on top in times of peace and the red field on top in times of war

Hanging vertically- the sun and stars should be on top while the blue field should be on the left in times
of peace and on the right in times of war. (In times of peace, red is right)
Half-mast

The flag may be hoisted at half-mast in sign of mourning but before it is lowered, it must again
be hoisted to full-mast then lowered during sunset.

Flag at Half-mast for Deaths:

President and former presidents- 10 days

Vice President, Chief Justice, and Senate President, Speaker, and their predecessors- 7 days

Incumbent and former members of the Supreme Court, Cabinet, Congress- 7 days

Public school teachers- 5 days

Chapter 2: National Anthem

LESSON 3: THE PREAMBLE

Praeambulus – “walking before” introduction

- Authors of the Constitution

- General Purposes of the Constitution

Changes in the Preamble

Imploring the aid of Almighty God- 1987 Preamble (more direct and personal)

Imploring the aid of Divine Providence- 1973 Preamble

General welfare- 1973 (ikabubuti ng nakararami)

Common Good- 1987 (ikabubuti ng lahat)

The Patrimony-1973

Our Patrimony- 1987

New words to the Preamble (Aspirations, Independence, Rule of Law, Truth, Love)

LESSON 4: BILL OF RIGHTS

Article 3, Section -3

“The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable except upon lawful order
of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise as prescribed by law”

Illustration: A telephone conversation between 2 drug pushers secretly recorded by police

officers by tapping its wire without court order is not acceptable as evidence in court due to the privacy
of communication enshrined in the Philippine Constitution.
Article 3, SECTION-4

No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press or the
right of people peaceably to assemble the petition the government for redress of grievances

Four important rights embodied in Article 3- Section 4:

1. Freedom of Speech;
2. Right to Free Press;
3. Freedom of Assembly;
4. The Right of Petition.

Limitations to Freedom of Expression

i. Severe Calumny- untruthful information/ character assassination

- Libel – written
- Slander- verbal
ii. Anything lewd or obscene
iii. Anything that provokes violence or disorder
iv. Seditious messages;
v. “Clear and present danger”

ARTICLE 3 SECTION 5

No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise
thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or
preference, shall forever be allowed. No religious test shall be allowed for the exercise of civic or political
rights..

Implementation

This provision is an implement to the doctrine of separation of church and state. However, the
members of a religious organization cannot use religious profession as a justification in committing
crimes. Thus, a religion sect using human beings as sacrifice for their God is not immune from criminal
suit.

ARTICLE 3 SECTION 6

The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law shall not be
impaired except upon lawful order of the court. The right to travel shall not impaired except in the
interest of national security, public safety, or public health, as may be provided by law”
LESSON 5: ARTICLE 4- CITIZENSHIP

Citizenship- a legal relationship between a person and a country, you have the right to live, work,
vote, and pay taxes

Nationality- it’s the country where you came from (note: you can be a national to a country, yet can
holds a citizenship in another country)

Modes in acquiring Citizenship

BY BIRTH

Jus soli- law of soil, citizenship of child is determined by the place of birth

Jus Sanguinis- law of blood, citizenship is determined by blood relations

KINDS OF FILIPINO CITIZEN UNDER THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of this Constitution
2. Natural born citizens
3. Citizens through Election (People born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect
Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of majority
4. Naturalized Citizens
a. Direct Naturalization
a. Administrative Naturalization- native born aliens who lived in the Philippines all their
lives RA 9139 or the Administrative Naturalization Law of 2000, (at least 18, born and
have lived in the Ph, good moral and must believe in the consti, must own a real estate
not less than 5000)
b. Judicial Naturalization- commonwealth act 473 (at least 21 at the hearing of the
petition, resides in the Ph for at least 10 years, good moral and consti, must own real
estate not less than 5000, profession, occupation, must able to speak and write in
English and Spanish and any one of the Ph language)
c. Direct act of congress- Legislative Naturalization- this applies only for aliens who have
made outstanding contributions to the country

b. Derivative Naturalization
- Obtaining one’s citizenship from or through another person
Ex. Wife of naturalized Husband, Alien wife of a natural born citizen, minor children of a
naturalized parents.

Naturalized citizen can’t enjoy the following:

1. Dual Citizenship
2. Run in any political position

Effects of Marriage to a foreigner

Citizen who marries and alien didn’t lose their citizenship unless renounce citizenship

Loss of Citizenship
 Expatriation- naturalization in another country, renunciation of citizenship, subscribing
to an oath of allegiance

INVOLUNTARY- Cancellation of certificate of naturalization by the court and a deserter of the

Philippine armed forces

Reacquisition of lost Philippine Citizenship

- Naturalization
- Direct act of the congress
- Repatriation- recovery of original citizenship

Dual Citizenship- a citizen of two countries at the same time

Dual Allegiance- a person simultaneously owes, loyalty to two or more states (prohibited)

MODULE 2:

1. Common modules
1.6 Article 5, Suffrage
1.7 Article 15, The Family
1.8 Self-awareness
1.9 Drug Education
1.10 Peace Education

LESSON 6-ARTICLE 5: SUFFRAGE - QUALIFICATIONS OF VOTERS

1. A citizen of the Philippines

2. Not otherwise disqualified by law;

3. At least eighteen (18) years of age; and

4. Have resided in the Philippines for at least 1 year and in the place wherein he proposes to vote
for at least 6 months proceeding the election.

AGE QUALIFICATIONS

. Minimum age (18) there is no maximum as long as capable

RESIDENCE QUALIFICATIONS

. Period of residence ( permanent resident of the Philippines na hindi bababa sa isang taon

. 6 months in the province when he cast his vote

. Hindi pwede mag vote kung napatawan ng pinal na sentensyang may kaakibat na pagkakakulong
na hindi bababa sa isang taon at hindi napagkalooban ng pardon o amnestiya na magpapabalewala sa
desisyon ng korte.

. Pagsasagawa ng krimen na may kinalaman sa pagtataksil sa gobyerno like rebelyon, sedisyon, fire
arms o krimen na nagbabant sa seguridad ng Pilipinas

. At kung napatunayan na wala sa katinuan ng pag-iisip sa pamamaraan na isinagawa ng eksperto

PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS PROHIBITED

1. Property ownership not a test of an individuals capacity

2. Property requirements inconsistent with concept o republican government

3. Property requirement inconsistent with social justice principle

OTHER SUBSTANSIVE REQUIREMENTS PROHIBITED

1. Edukasyon

2. Kasarian

3. Kakayahang mag bayad ng buwis

LESSON 7- ARICLE 15: THE FAMILY

MARRIAGE DEFINITION AND REQUISITES ESSENTIAL AND FORMAL- FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
E.O NO. 209

Article 1: Marriage is special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in
accordance with law for the establishment of conjugal and family life.

ESSENTIAL REQUISITES OF MARRIAGE

Article 2: No marriage shall be valid unless these essential requisites are present:

1. Legal capacity of contracting parties who must be a male and female: and

2. Consent freely given in the presence of the solemnizing officer.

LEGAL CAPACITY

Article 5: Any male or female of the age eighteen years or upwards not under any of the impediments
mentioned in Articles 37 and 38, may contract marriage.

Article 37: Marriages between the following are incestuous and void from the beginning, whether
relationship between the parties be legitimate or illegitimate:

1. Between ascendants and descendants of any degree; and

2. Between brothers and sisters, whether of the full or half blood

Article 38: The following marriages shall be void from the begging for reasons of public policy:

1. Between collateral blood relatives whether legitimate, up to the fourth civil degree;

2. Between step-parents and step-children

3. Between parents in law and children in law

4. Adopting parents and adopted child

5. Surviving spouse and adopted child

6. Surviving spouse of the adopted child and the adopter

7. Adopted child and legitimate child of the adopter

8. Adopted children of the same adopter; and

9. Between parties where one, with the intention to marry the other, killed that other persons
spouse, or his or her own

CONSENT

Article 2: for a consent to be valid, it must be (1) freely given and (2) made in the presence of a
solemnizing officer. A freely given consent requires the contracting parties willingly and deliberately
enter into a marriage.

Articles 45 and 46 of the Family Code: No fraud, force, intimidation, and under influence

24. Consent must be conscious or intelligent, capable of understanding the nature of both the beneficial
or unfavorable consequences of their act

25. Their understanding should not be affected by insanity, intoxication, drugs, or hypnotism
FORMAL REQUISITES OF MARRIAGE

Article 3: The formal requisites of marriage are:

1. Authority of the solemnizing officer;

2. A valid marriage license except in the cases provided for in Chapter 2 of this Title; and

3. A marriage ceremony which takes place with the appearance of the contracting parties before
the solemnizing officer and their personal declaration that they take each other as partners in the
presence of not less than two witnesses of legal age.

ANY OF THE ESSENTIAL OR FORMAL REQUISITES IS ABSENT?

Article 4: The absence of any of the essential or formal requisites shall render the marriage void ab initio,
except as stated in Article 35 (2)

A defect in any of the essential requisites shall render the marriage voidable as provided in Article 45.

An irregularity in the formal requisites shall not be affect the validity of the marriage but shall be civilly,
criminally, and administratively liable.

LESSON 8: SELF-AWARENESS

the ability to focus on yourself and how your actions, thoughts, or emotions do or don't align with your
internal standards. If you're highly self-aware, you can objectively evaluate yourself, manage your
emotions, align your behavior with your values, and understand correctly how others perceive you

LESSON 9: DRUG EDUCATION

Ano ang Barangay Anti – Drug Abuse Council (BADAC)

STUDENT DRUG AND ALCOHOL AWARENESS

Why student use? (Peer Pressure, Boredom, Social, Emotional Pain)

DRUGS- any substance, (Except food and water) which when taken into the body, alter its function
physically and or psychologically- WHO

DRUG ABUSE- wilful misuse of drugs to alter mood and perception for pleasure and excitement or
escape reality-despite its destructive effects.

DRUG ADDICTION DEPENDENCE- rely on drugs for existence. Suffers from withdrawal

PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE- a state of becoming physically adapted to alcohol or other drugs. There are two
important aspects to physical dependence:

Tolerance- The need for higher and higher does to achieve the same effects

Withdrawal- The appearance of physical symptoms (nausea, chills, and vomiting

You cross the line from drug abuse to addiction;

When using drugs stops being a choice and becomes a necessity,

When it controls you and not the way around.

LESSON 10: PEACE EDUCATION

It is the process of acquiring the values, the knowledge and developing the attitudes, skills, to live in
harmony with others, and with the natural environment.

It is done by teaching the students on how to acquire good attitudes and behavior to promote peace to
everyone.

MAIN REASON OF PEACE EDUCATION

1. To provide students the values they have to sustain peace

2. To handle the after-effects of war and conflict

3. To develop social responsibility that is needed in 21st century

4. To provide hope and future for the younger generation

5. To value the concept of peace and to understand war behavior

BASIC ASSUMPTIONS

1 Conflict Resolution

2 The act of finding an answer or solution to a strong disagreements

3 Violence Prevention

4 An act of stopping violent behavior before it begins.

5 Promoting Non-Violence

6 Refusal to do harm to other humans as life is sacred and is an absolute value.

TYPES OF PROMOTING NON-VIOLENCE

Non-violent direct action- group takes an action intended to reveal an existing problem without causing
any harm. Ex. Rally

Non-violent Protest and Persuasions- seeks to produce awareness of the dissent (hold or express
opinions that are at variance with those previously, commonly, or officially expressed. Ex. Lobbying,
petitions
Non-violent Non cooperation – presents the opponent with difficulties in maintaining the normal
operation of the system. Ex. boycott

LEARNING TO LIVE TOGETHER IN PEACE THROUGH GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION

PEACE EDUCATION- Education comes from latin word “educare” to draw or lead out

Draw out for people their instinct to live peacefully with others and emphasize peaceful values upon
which society should be based

The process of acquiring the values, the knowledge and developing the attitude, skills and behaviors to
live in harmony with oneself, with others and with the natural environment.

ECONOMIES- the eradication of poverty. It is the economic wellbeingness of people

POLITIES- peace is outcome of democracy. Results from good governance (power)

ANTI-MILITARY- stop war and there is peace

LAW- peace is law and order

SOCIAL HARMONY- resolve conflict between diverse group

MODULE 3: GMRC AND VALUE EDUCATION ACT OR R.A 11476- JUNE 25, 2020

KEY PROVISONS:

1. INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF GMRC AND VALUES EDUCATION: replacement of existing edukasyon

sa pagpapakatao curriculum with GMRC and values education from grades 1-10

2. COVERAGE F VALUES EDUCATION: The act mandates becomes an integral component of the k-
12 curriculum, encompassing universal human, ethical, and moral values

3. TEACHING QUALIFICATION AND CAPACITY BUILDING: Recognizing the pivotal role of educators
in shaping the moral fabric of society. The importance of qualified teachers proficient in values education

4. WHOLE SCHOOL APPROACH: collaborative effort involving not only teachers but also parents,
studs and stakeholders

5. ANNUAL REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT: mandated to conduct an annual review and assessment

GMRC AT HOME, SCHOOL, WORK AND PUBLIC AREAS (basta common sense na yan)

DISASTER

According to Dr. Renato U. Solidum Jr., disaster is characterized by several elements namely,
hazards, risks, people or community, and vulnerability.
Hazard (H) or the physical impact of the disturbance, either man-made or natural, is heightened by the
amount of Risk (R) to the people and community. Moreover, the degree of the Vulnerability (V) of all
involved further fuels the magnitude of a disaster. This is presented in the disaster equation as follows:

H*R+V=Disaster

Serious disruptions to the functioning of a community that exceed its capacity to cope using its own
resources. It can be caused by natural, man-made and technological hazards, as well as various factors
that influence the exposure and vulnerability of a community.

The Philippines has a high vulnerability to natural hazards which are attributed to the nations geographic
position in Southeast Asia. Natural disaster such as typhoons, earthquakes, floods, volcanic eruptions,
landslides, and fires affect the country. Volcanic eruptions and tsunamis are related to the continental
plate activity around “Ring of fire”

GEOPHYSICAL

- Earthquakes
- Volcanic Activities

HYDROLOGICAL

- Flooding
- Landslides
- Tsunamis
- Avalanche

METEOROLOGICAL

- Heat Waves
- Cold waves
- Hurricanes
- Hails
- Winter Storms
- Lightning
- Winds
- Tornados

CLIMATOLOGICAL

- Drought
- Wildfire

But disasters can and should be prevented. We can prevent hazards from becoming disasters by helping
communities to be prepared, reduce their risks, and become more resilient.
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

Preparing for disasters saves countless lives, speeds up people’s recovery and saves money.

PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

- The risk must be known

- Potential hazards must be identified
- Incidence of hazard occurrences must be calculated
- Secondary risk must be identified

DURING A NATURAL DISASTER

- Stay Calm
- Check for gas or water leaks and fires. If you suspect a gas leak, turn off the gas
- Listen to the emergency broadcast system
- Update the Information Bulletin/News

First aid- immediate and temporary care given to a victim of an accident or sudden illness until the
service of a physician can be obtained